Academic literature on the topic 'Bei hai ren'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bei hai ren"
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Magaziner, Daniel R. "Removing the Blinders and Adjusting the View: A Case Study from Early Colonial Sierra Leone." History in Africa 34 (2007): 169–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2007.0011.
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Mende raiders caught Mr. Goodman, “an educated young Sierra Leonean clerk,” at Mocolong, where he “was first tortured by having his tongue cut out, and then being decapitated.” His was a brutal fate, not unlike those which befell scores of his fellow Sierra Leoneans in the spring of 1898. Others were stripped of their Europeanstyle clothes and systematically dismembered, leaving only mutilated bodies strewn across forest paths or cast into rivers. Stories of harrowing escapes and near-death encounters circulated widely. Missionary stations burned and trading factories lost their stocks to plunder. Desperate cries were heard in Freetown. Send help. Send gun-boats. Send the West India Regiment. Almost two years after the British had legally extended their control beyond the colony of Sierra Leone, Mende locals demonstrated that colonial law had yet to win popular assent.In 1898 Great Britain fought a war of conquest in the West African interior. To the northeast of the Colony, armed divisions pursued the Temne chief Bai Bureh's guerrilla fighters through the hot summer months, while in the south the forest ran with Mende “war-boys,” small bands of fighters who emerged onto mission stations and trading factories, attacked, and then vanished. Mr. Goodman had had the misfortune to pursue his living among the latter. In the north, Bai Bureh fought a more easily definable ‘war,’ a struggle which pitted his supporters against imperial troops and other easily identified representatives of the colonial government. No reports of brutalities done to civilians ensued. In the south, however, Sierra Leoneans and missionaries, both men and women, joined British troops and officials on the casualty rolls.
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Candel, Francisco Javier, Jesús Canora, Antonio Zapatero, Raquel Barba, Juan González del Castillo, Gonzalo García-Casasola, Jesús San-Román, et al. "Temporary hospitals in times of the COVID pandemic. An example and a practical view." Revista Española de Quimioterapia 34, no. 4 (March 22, 2021): 280–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37201/req/041.2021.
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We describe the most widely used temporary hospital in Europe during the first pandemic wave, its structure, function, and achievements. Other models of care developed during the pandemic around the world were reviewed including their capacity, total bed/ICU bed ratio and time of use. We particularly analyzed the common and differential characteristics of this type of facilities. IFEMA Exhibition Center was transformed into a temporary 1,300-bed hospital, which was in continuous operation for 42 days. A total of 3,817 people were treated, generally patients with mild to moderate COVID-19, 91% of whom had pneumonia. The average length of stay was 5 to 36 days. The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension (16.5%), diabetes mellitus (9.1%), COPD (6%), asthma (4.6%), obesity (2.9%) and dementia (1.6%). A total of 113 patients (3%) were transferred to another centers for aggravation, 19 (0.5%) were admitted to ICU and 16 patients (0.4%) died. An element of great help to reducing the overload of care in large hospitals during peaks of health emergencies could be these flexible structures capable of absorbing the excess of patients. These must be safe, breaking domestic transmission and guarantee social and emotional needs of patients. The success of these structures depends on delimitation in admission criteria taking into account the proportion of patients who may require, during admission, assistance in the critical care area.
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Hall, Melvin R. "YIELD COMPARISONS OF SWEETPOTATO VINE CUTTINGS AND TRANSPLANTS PULLED OR CUT FROM THE PLANT BED." HortScience 26, no. 5 (May 1991): 490g—490. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.5.490g.
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Plots grown from `Georgia Jet', `Red Jewel', and `Jewel' sweetpotato [I pomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] plants cut from the propagating bed (cut-plants) yielded more than plots grown from plants pulled from the bed (plants). Presence or absence of the shoot apex had little influence on yields of `Georgia Jet' and `Red Jewel' when evaluated in combination with plants or cut-plants or when evaluated in combination with vine cuttings transplanted in an upright or an inverted position. Chlorine dips did not influence yield of `Jewel' plants or cut-plants. Plots grown from `Red Jewel' vine cuttings transplanted in an inverted position generally yielded slightly less than plots grown from vine cuttings transplanted in an upright position, but these differences were not significant.
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Steinhardt, M., and H. H. Thielscher. "Schilddrüsenhormone bei Milchrindern in Laufstallhaltung nach der Kalbung und bei deren Kälbern. Effekte einiger konstanter und variabler Faktoren." Archives Animal Breeding 48, no. 3 (October 10, 2005): 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-48-247-2005.
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Abstract. Title of the paper: Thyroid hormones in loose housed dairy cattle and in their newborn calves. Effects of some constant and variable factors On dairy cows (72 German Holstein Friesian, 8 German Red Pied, kept loose house) and on their newborn calves thyroid hormone and body temperature measurements and in calves body weight measurements were done and analysed considering lactation number and gestation length of the dam, sex and body weight of the calf, type of birth, daytime of birth and measurement. For gestation length, body weight and lactation number no effects on thyroid hormones could be found. Birth course was specified as GV1 (without assistance), GV2 (with little assistance by the herdsman, in some cases with mechanical support), and GV3 (with heavy traction, most with mechanical support). In GV2 the number of male calves was twice that of female calves. Sex of calf influenced effects of birth type in case of T4 and body temperature of the dam and effects of pH group in case of FT3 of the calf. Calves born without any support had significant greater T4, FT4 and FT3 concentrations than those with GV 2 and GV 3. Assisted birth types were significantly more frequent in pH groups pHG3 and pHG4 than in groups pHG1 and pHG2. In calves thyroid hormones had significant correlations with pCO2 and pH of calf venous blood and with the time elapsing between birth and sampling. In dams of group GV3 the means of FT4 and T4 were smaller than those in dams of GV1 and GV2 but this differences were not significant.
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LIU, XING, ZHENMING YANG, LINGLING GAO, WUYAN XIANG, BO ZHANG, ZHONGLEI XIE, and JIANGFENG YOU. "COMPARISON OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTIFICIAL GINSENG BED SOILS IN RELATION TO THE INCIDENCE OF GINSENG RED SKIN DISEASE." Experimental Agriculture 50, no. 1 (June 27, 2013): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479713000367.
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SUMMARYRed skin disease seriously limits the production and quality of Panax ginseng (ginseng) in the Changbai Mountains of Northeast China, which is the main origin of ginseng. To cultivate ginseng, the albic and humus horizons of albic luvisols are artificially mixed to produce ginseng bed soils. To clarify the relationship between red skin disease and soil characteristics, red skin disease indices were calculated from six plots located on a ginseng farm. Ginseng roots were analysed for aluminium (Al) content. Soils from the ginseng beds were sampled at three depths for the evaluation of physico-chemical parameters. Al fractionation from the soil solid fraction was analysed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Ginseng plants exhibiting larger red skin areas accumulated higher concentrations of Al in the epidermis and in the fibrous roots. Ginseng bed soils in the six plots were acidic with pHH2O values ranging from 4.0 to 5.0. Plots exhibiting higher red skin disease indices also had higher bulk densities, moisture contents and nitrate concentrations. They also contained higher concentrations of exchangeable Al, NaOH-extracted Al and ammonium oxalate-oxalic-extracted Al in the bed soils. The Al saturation and molar ratio of base cations to Al were above 20% and below 10, respectively, in the two plots with the highest disease indices. Compact soils with higher moisture, nitrate concentrations and active Al species may increase the incidence of ginseng red skin disease.
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McAvoy, Richard, Bernard Bible, and Suman Singha. "`Annette Hegg Dark Red' Rootstock Reduces the Incidence of Poinsettia Bract Edge Burn on `Supjibi' Scions." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 867A—867. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.867a.
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The poinsettia cultivar Annette Hegg Dark Red (AHDR) is resistant to bract edge burn (BEB), while `Supjibi' readily develops BEB. In 1993, scions of both `Supjibi' and AHDR were grafted onto either `Supjibi' or AHDR rootstock (RS) prior to bract initiation. At anthesis, BEB symptoms were more prevalent on `Supjibi'/`Supjibi' than on `Supjibi'/AHDR. Four weeks postanthesis, 26.4% of the bracts on `Supjibi'/`Supjibi' developed BEB, and 10% of the bracts had severe symptoms (based on number and size of necrotic spots), while only 13.8% of the bracts on `Supjibi'/AHDR developed BEB, with 1.7% having severe symptoms. Calcium levels in `Supjibi' bracts averaged 0.41% for scions on `Supjibi' RS and 0.39% on AHDR RS. AHDR scions failed to develop BEB regardless of RS. In 1994, plants with a `Supjibi' scion on a dual RS (`Supjibi' + `Supjibi', or `Supjibi' + AHDR) were formed using an approach graft technique and the following treatments were applied: one RS severed before bract initiation to produce plants with just a `Supjibi' or AHDR RS, AHDR + `Supjibi' RS intact until anthesis then either the `Supjibi' or AHDR RS severed, or both RS remained intact until termination of the study. Scions with only AHDR RS during bract development or only AHDR RS after anthesis developed a lower incidence of BEB than bracts on `Supjibi' scions that were on just `Supjibi' RS during bract development, or just `Supjibi' RS after anthesis, or on both RS during the entire study.
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Shaw, Rosalind F., Kate Christman, Rachel Crookes, Chris N. Gilbert, and Juliet L. Osborne. "Effect of height and colour of bee bricks on nesting occupancy of bees and wasps in SW England." Conservation Evidence Journal 18 (January 1, 2021): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52201/cej18kmbe7709.
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Bee bricks are a novel solitary-bee nesting habitat made from reclaimed concrete, designed to be built into walls to provide nest sites in urban areas. We tested if cavity-nesting bees and wasps used bee bricks, and if they showed any preference for nesting in bricks of different colours or at different heights. We carried out surveys of solitary bees in 15 private urban gardens and eight rural public gardens, where the bee bricks were then placed for two years (2016-2017). Bee bricks were placed on structures that were either 1 m in height with 4 bricks (red, yellow, white and wooden control) or with three platforms where white bricks were placed at 0 m, 0.6 m or 1.0 m above the ground. The number of occupied nest holes was counted at the end of each summer. Nesting holes that were capped with mud were more common than those capped with chewed or cut leaves. The average % of holes capped with either mud or chewed leaf was greatest in red bricks and lowest in wooden controls. Only one brick out of 39 placed at ground level had capped holes, although the difference in the % of holes capped between heights was not statistically significant. Cavity-nesting bees and wasps use solitary-bee bricks for nests, but population level impacts are still untested.
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Starbuck, Chris, Daniel K. Struve, and Hannah Mathers. "Bareroot and Balled-and-burlapped Red Oak and Green Ash Can Be Summer Transplanted using the Missouri Gravel Bed System." HortTechnology 15, no. 1 (January 2005): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.15.1.0122.
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Two experiments were conducted to determine if 5.1-cm-caliper (2 inches) `Summit' green ash (Fraxinus pensylvanica), and 7.6-cm-caliper (3 inches) northern red oak (Quercus rubra) could be successfully summer transplanted after being heeled in pea gravel or wood chips prior to planting in the landscape. Spring harvested trees of each species were either balled and burlapped (B&B) or barerooted before heeling in pea gravel or wood chips. Compared to B&B `Summit' green ash, bareroot stock had similar survival and shoot extension for three growing seasons after summer transplanting. Bareroot and B&B northern red oak trees had similar survival and central leader elongation for 3 years after summer transplanting. In the third year after transplanting, northern red oak bareroot trees heeled in pea had smaller trunk caliper than B&B trees heeled in wood chips. These two taxa can be summer transplanted B&B or bareroot if dormant stock is spring-dug and maintained in a heeling-in bed before transplanting. This method of reducing transplant shock by providing benign conditions for root regeneration can also be used to extended the planting season for field-grown nursery stock; the method is called the Missouri gravel bed system.
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Attia, Amina Abdel Meguid, Mona Abdel Hamid Shouman, Soheir Abdel Atty Khedr, and Nevin Ahmed Hassan. "Fixed-Bed Column Studies for the Removal of Congo Red Using Simmondsia chinesis (Jojoba) and Coated with Chitosan." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 18, no. 2 (May 30, 2018): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.29264.
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The goal of this article describes the potential of utilizing jojoba leaves and also modified with chitosan as an efficient adsorption materials for Congo red dye removal in a fixed-bed column. Inlet dye concentration, feed flow rate and bed height had a great influence on determining the breakthrough curves. The percentage dye removal was found to be approximately 69% of coated jojoba leaves with flow rate 3 mL/min, initial concentration 50 mg/L and 4 cm bed height. The dye uptake capacity at equilibrium (qe) for coated jojoba leaves showed higher values than that found for jojoba leaves. On this basis, this implies that the amino groups played an important role during the adsorption process. Breakthrough curves were satisfactorily in good agreement with both Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models based on the values of correlation coefficient (R2 ≥ 96).This study serves as a good fundamental aspect of wastewater purification on jojoba leaves as a novel adsorbent for the uptake of Congo red dyes from aqueous solution in a column system.
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Cheung, K. C., T. H. Venkitachalam, and W. D. Scott. "Selecting soil amendment materials for removal of phosphorus." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 6 (September 1, 1994): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0275.
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Phosphorus sorption capacities of several different materials including Merribrook soil (a loamy sand) and some industrial solid wastes (red mud neutralized with gypsum, fly ash, bottom ash and black oxide) were determined in sorption isotherms by Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The materials were characterized by bulk density, particle density, total porosity and particle size distributions. Red mud gypsum possessed the best sorption capacity based on the Langmuir maxima. Alkaline fly ash and Merribrook soil had lower sorption maxima compared to the red mud gypsum. Bottom ash and acidic fly ash had very low sorption capacity at low concentrations. Merribrook soil had the highest hydraulic conductivity. The results suggested that alkaline fly ash may be a promising amendment for coarse sand bed to enhance phosphorus removal. Merribrook soil appears to be suitable for on-site wastewater treatment.
Books on the topic "Bei hai ren"
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Bei hai ren bao hu fa yan jiu: Yi fan zui bei hai ren quan li wei shi jiao. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo jian cha chu ban she, 2011.
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Qing shao nian bei hai ren yuan zhu lun. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo ren min gong an da xue chu ban she, 2005.
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Jing tao hai lang zhong zhan bei hang xing: Hai jun jian ting zhi. Taibei Shi: Mai tian chu ban, 2003.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Bei hai ren"
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Meryman, H. T. "Freezing and Vitrification of Red Cells, Recollections and Predictions." In Transfusion Medicine: Quo Vadis? What Has Been Achieved, What Is to Be Expected, 69–85. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1735-1_7.
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"13 Not Really a "Red" Newspaper." In It Had to Be Revolution, 77–81. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501738968-015.
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Tolstoy, Leo. "Chapter VIII." In Resurrection. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199555765.003.0070.
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When Nekhlyudov returned he found that the office had been arranged as a bedroom for him. A high bedstead with a feather bed and two large pillows had been placed in the room. The bed was covered with a large dark-red silk quilt, elaborately...
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Zola, Émile. "Chapter XI." In La Bête humaine. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199538669.003.0012.
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The scene was the main bedroom at La Croix-de-Maufras, the one hung with red damask and which had two tall windows that looked out on to the railway line only a few metres away. From the bed, an old four-poster on the opposite side...
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Braddon, Mary Elizabeth. "Chapter I The Red Light in the Sky." In Lady Audley’s Secret. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199577033.003.0037.
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The door between my lady’s dressing-room and the bed-chamber in which Sir Michael lay, had been left open. The baronet slept peacefully, his noble face plainly visible in the subdued lamplight. His breathing was low and regular, his lips curved in a half smile—a...
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Macmaster, Neil. "From Earthquake to ‘Red Maquis’, September 1954 to June 1956." In War in the Mountains, 253–70. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198860211.003.0013.
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The chapter examines how the Communist Party, following the decision of June 1955 to organize the paramilitary Combattants de la libération (CDL), established a short-lived guerrilla, the so-called ‘Red Maquis’, in the Chelif region. The clandestine structure had begun to take root as a consequence of the massive earthquake of September 1954, centred on Orleansville, that exposed the long-term failure of the colonial state to develop the rural economy. The communists rapidly created the Fédération des sinistrés that established a network of peasant cells that soon became the base of the Red Maquis. While the communists were successful in creating a guerrilla base centred on Medjadja, the main group inserted by Laban and Maillot in the Beni Boudouane was rapidly located and destroyed by the army, assisted by the bachaga Boualam. The catastrophic failure of the Red Maquis highlighted the failure of the Algiers-based central committee to prepare the ground for a guerrilla movement. However, several key participants escaped the military encirclement and were soon absorbed into the FLN on the dissolution of the CDL in July 1956.
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McLaughlin, Sean J. "Conclusion." In JFK and de Gaulle, 190–96. University Press of Kentucky, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813177748.003.0009.
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The French consul in Da Nang, Jacques Boizet, took a trip to the DMZ late in the winter of 1962. An experienced Asia hand who had grown as cynical of the Kennedy administration’s war effort as most of his French colleagues by this point, Boizet often shared with Roger Lalouette blindingly simple observations, usually delivered with literary panache, in a format that no American Foreign Service officer would have dared submit to his superior. Boizet’s journey north to the frontier took him to an old colonial-era bridge on the Ben Hai River that served as a border crossing between the Vietnams. Different flags flew on opposite sides of the river, surrounded by obligatory signs denouncing the regime that controlled the other half of the country. Officials had gone so far as to mark every last centimeter of their territory by painting their zone of control on the bridge in the proper national color, red for the communist northern section and green for the southern noncommunist span, just as one would expect on the front line of a Cold War divide....
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Ahlskog, J. Eric. "Acting out Dreams: REM Sleep Behavior Disorder." In Dementia with Lewy Body and Parkinson's Disease Patients. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199977567.003.0027.
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Normal dreaming occurs during the deepest sleep states. Obviously, if experiencing a frightening dream, sleeping people could be injured if they jumped out of bed and started to run. Fortunately, the brain has a natural protective mechanism during dreaming: body paralysis. During the primary sleep stage in which dreaming occurs, the body’s muscle tone is shut off and muscles become limp. Only the eye muscles are spared, still able to move during a dream. This state in which dreaming takes place is rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Restated, during REM sleep, a switch is thrown in the brain stem that shuts off body movement during dreaming. People with Lewy disorders of all types often lose this switch function. In other words, they can still move during the dreams of REM sleep. In the midst of a dream, they may act out by yelling, kicking, or hitting the air. This behavior is termed dream enactment behavior. When it is a recurring event it is termed REM sleep behavior disorder. REM sleep behavior disorder occurs in people with Lewy disorders—Parkinson’s disease, DLB, or PDD. It also occurs in another disorder in which alpha-synuclein is abnormally deposited in the nervous system, multiple system atrophy (MSA). Recall from Chapter 2 that alpha-synuclein is present in Lewy bodies and is thought to be a causative factor in all of these conditions. REM sleep behavior disorder may be present years or even decades before the occurrence of DLB, PDD, Parkinson’s disease, or multiple system atrophy. It is often one of the first signs of these disorders, predating most other manifestations. That does not mean that everyone who acts out their dreams will eventually develop Parkinson’s disease, DLB, or MSA. However, it does confer an increased risk. It should be noted that certain medications may provoke REM sleep behavior disorder, such as the commonly used antidepressants. Also, sleepwalking in children should not be confused with this disorder. Sleepwalking occurs in a different sleep stage and is not thought to be a forerunner of Lewy body conditions.
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Weems, Robert E. "Epilogue." In The Merchant Prince of Black Chicago, 143–62. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043062.003.0007.
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The early1940s witnessed a rehabilitation of Anthony Overton’s public image. Thus, at the time of his death in 1946, much of the negativity associated with the early 1930s had dissipated. Anthony Overton’s son, Everett, presided over the Overton Hygienic Manufacturing Company from 1946 until his own death in 1960. Everett’s son, Anthony Overton III, ran the company from 1960 until 1983 (when Overton Hygienic closed). Shortly after the Overton Hygienic Manufacturing Company disappeared from the landscape of US business, a consortium of Chicagoans began a campaign to honor the legacy of the company’s founder, Anthony Overton. Their efforts ultimately resulted in the physical restoration of the Overton Building and the Chicago Bee Building, as well as their designation as municipal landmarks.
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Neethling, Marinda, Susan Greyling, and Benita Taylor. "Integrating Technology to Support Learners With Barriers to Learning in the Rural Classroom." In Re-Envisioning and Restructuring Blended Learning for Underprivileged Communities, 165–84. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6940-5.ch009.
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To reduce extended academic delays and disruptions, in-service teachers (hereafter teachers) enrolled for an online BEd Honours Learner Support programme had to re-think the integration of technology when supporting a learner with a barrier to learning in their classrooms. The teachers, of whom a few are educators in rural schools, had to complete a practical paper-based portfolio as a formative assessment. The portfolio expected the teacher to identify a learner with a learning barrier and develop a support plan over six months. With the schools closed, the portfolio in its original form became a challenge since the teachers could not have face-to-face interaction and interventions with their learners.
Conference papers on the topic "Bei hai ren"
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Marchetti, M. M., T. S. Czarnecki, J. C. Semedard, Sebastien Devroe, and Jean-Michael Lemasle. "ALSTOM’s Large CFBs and Results." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-144.
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This paper describes various designs of large CFBs that ALSTOM has undertaken in the last several years. We discuss available operational results of Red Hills (2 × 250 MW) and AES Puerto Rico Total Energy Project (2 × 255 MW). Also included is a description and overview of three projects that are nearing completion: Reliant Energy – Seward Repowering Project (2 × 294 MW); East Kentucky Power Cooperative – E. A. Gilbert (1 × 294 MW); and ENEL – Sulcis Repowering Project (1 × 340 MW gross). Each of these projects had individual technical challenges and solutions, which will be reviewed.
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Nuutinen, Laura H., Minna S. Tiainen, Mika E. Virtanen, and Risto S. Laitinen. "Coatings on Bed Particles From FB-Combustion of Different Biomasses." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-008.
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The FB-combustion of several biomass fuels (bark, wood in different forms, biosludge, chicken litter, REF and forest residue) with different bed materials (quartz, natural sand, and recently introduced GR Granule) has been studied in this work. The bed samples have been collected during the laboratory, pilot, and full scale tests. The chemical composition of the coating layers and agglomerates were characterized by SEM-EDX. Line scans, point analyses, and X-ray maps were used to characterize the coating layers further. It was observed that the chemical composition of the coating of the bed particles depends both on the fuel type and on the bed material. The thickness of coating layers was also dependent on fuel and combustion history. The coatings were often seen to contain several superimposed layers. The innermost layer mainly contained alkali silicates, whereas the outermost layer was calcium-rich or magnesium-rich. In some cases the coating layers seem to protect the bed particles from agglomeration.
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Ji, Guodong, Haige Wang, Hongchun Huang, Meng Cui, Feixue Yulong, Ying Ma, and Xiaofeng Sun. "Achieving Improved Drilling Performance with Hole Cleaning Technology in Horizontal Shale Gas Wells in Sichuan Basin of China." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21214-ms.
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Abstract The horizontal section length of shale gas horizontal wells in Sichuan Basin in the south-west of China generally exceeds 2000m. Cuttings are apt to accumulate and form cuttings beds along such long and curve horizontal sections due to low cuttings carrying capacity, which often results in excessive torque and drag or even stuck pipes during drilling process. According to the statistics dada inthe period of Jan. - Oct. 2019, more than 25 stuck pipe incidents and 15 rotary steering tools loss in borehole were reported due to inefficient cuttings transportation in the long horizontal wells in Sichuan Basin. This paper studies the cuttings transportation and cuttings bed formation in horizontal wells. A prediction model for the distribution of cuttings bed was established. A monitoring and analysis software for the cuttings bed and cuttings cleaner with V-shaped spiral blades that is used to agitate the cuttings bed wasdeveloped. The software calculates the distribution and thickness of the cuttings bed according to the well trajectory, wellbore structure, drilling fluid characteristics, etc., and provides the optimal operating parameters for the removal of the cuttings bed by the rotating and reciprocating drill string. Then, the drill cuttings remover in the drill string moves to the predicted position of the drill cuttings, scrapes the drill cuttings and creates a swirling flow during the pipe rotation. The combined application of software and makeup remover can effectively solve the issue of borehole cleaning in long horizontal wells. One of the field applications was carried out in the well Ning 209H12, a shale gas horizontal well in Sichuan Basin. The well experienced excessive torque and drag issue during the tripping of drill string of long horizontal section. Thesoftware ran based on oil well data, and it determines the placement and thickness of cuttings beds in the well and calculates the optimal operating parameters for a flow rate of about 32L/s and a speed of 100rpm to remove them. By rotatingand reciprocating the drill string with recommended operating parameters along the cuttings bed interval, the removers helped cleaning the cuttings bed efficiently and significant amount of cuttings was observed at vibration screen. After cleaning the cuttings bed interval, the trip smoothly ran to the bottom without any excessive torque and drag, and then continues to drill in cooperation with the removers to the total depth. During the well completion, there was no problem with the operation of electrical logging and production casing. This cuttings removal technology has been used in other shale gas formations and tight gas formations where horizontal wells are widely used.
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Kim, Kyunghoi, Kyunghoi Kim, Oh Seok Jin, Oh Seok Jin, In-Cheol Lee, and In-Cheol Lee. "CHANGES IN WATER QUALITY AND FISHERY PRODUCTION IN JINHAE BAY." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431709cb62.
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For the better understanding of long-term variations of water quality in Jinhae Bay after establishment of special law, we analyzed the archive data monitored in Jinhae Bay during the last 17 years (1997-2013). And change on fish catch due to the variations of water quality was investigated. A marked decrease in the number of red tide occurrence is due to the effectiveness of the law and sewage treatment plant that has targeted the reduction of COD in the effluent water since early 2000. Although the improvement of water quality, increase in fishery production was not observed in Jinhae Bay. For the recovery of fishery production, processes for restoration of entire ecosystem such as restoration of artificial intertidal flat and seaweed bed and remediation of organic-rich sea bed should be accompanied with improvement of water quality.
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Kim, Kyunghoi, Kyunghoi Kim, Oh Seok Jin, Oh Seok Jin, In-Cheol Lee, and In-Cheol Lee. "CHANGES IN WATER QUALITY AND FISHERY PRODUCTION IN JINHAE BAY." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b936d7f2bd3.88169808.
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For the better understanding of long-term variations of water quality in Jinhae Bay after establishment of special law, we analyzed the archive data monitored in Jinhae Bay during the last 17 years (1997-2013). And change on fish catch due to the variations of water quality was investigated. A marked decrease in the number of red tide occurrence is due to the effectiveness of the law and sewage treatment plant that has targeted the reduction of COD in the effluent water since early 2000. Although the improvement of water quality, increase in fishery production was not observed in Jinhae Bay. For the recovery of fishery production, processes for restoration of entire ecosystem such as restoration of artificial intertidal flat and seaweed bed and remediation of organic-rich sea bed should be accompanied with improvement of water quality.
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Ludwig, Paul, and Gerhard Gross. "Results of Long-Term Trials First Large Scale Fluidized Bed Furnaces for Sewage Sludge Worldwide Boosted by Oxygen." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-104.
Full textAbstract:
Oxygen is required in every combustion process, including the incineration of sewage sludge. When air is used to provide oxygen the nitrogen it contains is only ballast which has to be heated up in the furnace and which further increases the volume of flue gas to be purified. The process for partial oxygen combustion (POC) jointly developed and patented by Messer Griesheim and Infraserv Ho¨chst avoids this problem. In this process, oxygen is blown directly and transversally into the fluidized bed at supersonic speed. The first promising test results were already presented at the 16th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion 2001 in Reno. In the meantime we have three years of experience with detailed operating results. Up to 2000 m3/h of pure oxygen is blasted into the two furnaces transversally via the supersonic nozzles built into the walling. This results in a highly turbulent flow which considerably improves the mixing and the combustion in the fluidized bed. Using the POC method it has been possible to increase the combustion capacity of the systems from 130,000 to currently 160,000 t/a. The hourly throughput of waste material suitable for fluidized bed combustion has been increased by up to 40%. At the same time the combustion air volume has been reduced by 15% and the specific natural gas consumption by 35%. This considerably reduces the specific incineration costs (€ / t waste material). Alongside industrial and residential sewage sludges with calorific values of 500 to 11,000 KJ/kg (depending on the original substance) and dry-substance contents between 22 and 60%, other solid and liquid waste material suitable for fluidized bed combustion can also be processed, including bone meal, screenings, plastics granulate, spent active carbon, building timber, contaminated packaging material, organic solvents and urea waste. Calorific values can here fluctuate between 1,500 and 42,000 KJ/kg (depending on the original substance) and the dry-substance content between 5 and 100%. The specific emissions, e.g. carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides per ton of incinerated waste material are reduced. Thus the POC process gives Infraserv a third virtual furnace at low investment cost, enabling it to respond to the demands of the market. With this technology, the status of “Best Available Technology” (BAT) was conferred upon the sewage sludge incineration plant operated by Infraserv Ho¨chst by the German Ministry for the Environment.
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Tavouktsoglou, Nicholas S., John M. Harris, Richard R. Simons, and Richard J. S. Whitehouse. "Bed Shear Stress Distribution Around Offshore Gravity Foundations." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41966.
Full textAbstract:
Offshore gravity foundations are often designed with complex geometries. Such structures interact with the local hydrodynamics and generate enhanced bed shear stresses and flow turbulence capable of scouring the seabed or destabilizing bed armour where deployed. In the present study a novel bed shear stress measurement method has been developed from the camera and laser components of a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system. The bed shear stress amplification was mapped out around six models of gravity foundations with different geometries. Tests were repeated for two bed roughness conditions. The structures tested included uniform cylinders, cylindrical base structures and conical base structures. The flow field around the models was also measured using PIV. The results of this study reveal that the conical base structures generate a different hydrodynamic response compared to the other structures. For uniform cylinders the maximum bed shear stress amplification occurs upstream, at an angle of 45° relative to the flow direction, and measurements were found to agree well with numerical results obtained by Roulund et al. (2005). In the case of the cylindrical base structure the maximum amplification occurs upstream at a similar location to the uniform cylinder case. For the conical base structures the maximum amplification of the bed shear stress occurs on the lee side of the structure, with the magnitude dependent on the side slope of the cone. The bed shear stress results were validated against stresses derived from analysis of the flow fields obtained by the PIV measurements performed under the same test conditions. Conclusions from the study are that the structure with the cylindrical base foundation produces the lowest bed shear stress amplification and that an increase in the bed roughness results in an increase in the amplification of the bed shear stress. These findings have direct implications for design of scour protection. In addition the flow reattachment point behind the foundation is dependent on pile Reynolds number (ReD). This suggests that the results of this study may be extrapolated for higher pile Reynolds using the method described in Roulund et al. (2006).
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Öngel, Volkan, and Emel Duran. "Analysis of Cerrrahpaşa Medical School Hospital's Children Nephrology Service in Terms of Length of Stay in 2012." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01428.
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It is known that operational costs of health care organizations constitute an important part of health expenditure in the world. Careful examination of all kinds affecting costs is inevitable in order to provide more effective and efficient health care services. For this reason, in the study, impact of factors affecting hospitalization period on costs is mentioned. The purpose of the study is to measure the effects of these factors on costs by identifying the factors prolonging the duration of patients’ hospital stay. It is regarded that the factors extending the duration of patients’ hospital stay increase the costs. In the scope of the study, 405 patients who are discharged from Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine Hospital Pediatric Nephrology Service in 2012 are discussed. Variables of the study, the average hospitalization days, number of patients, the maximum number of patients, bed occupancy rate, bed turnover and bed units are used in the rev range. The data of the patients included in our study has been gathered with the help of retrospective study area, retrospective method, scanning archives, and financial epicrisis in the system of hospital automation. The obtained data have been studied on standard deviation, maximum and minimum value by making use of the excel programme. As a result of studies based on these reviews, it has been found out that the factors extending the period of patients’ hospital stay increase the costs.
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Zavrel, Erik A., and Matthew R. Ebben. "A Novel Two-Degree-of-Freedom Mechatronic Bed for Insomnia Treatment." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3534.
Full textAbstract:
The population prevalence of insomnia has been surveyed numerous times and is among the most common medical complaints. This common problem has wide ranging psychological and physiological health consequences. Ample anecdotal evidence exists that motion promotes sleep: automobile and train passengers are routinely observed becoming drowsy and falling asleep [1]. The sleep-inducing effect of motion has long been appreciated in the scientific community as well. For example, rocking effectively produces sleep in infants [2]. Sleepiness is also a primary symptom of motion sickness and in some cases may be its sole manifestation [3]. To date, three studies have attempted to determine whether vestibular stimulation promotes sleepiness in adults. Two of these studies involved rocking beds. In one study, investigators found that regular, periodic motion achieved using a rocking bed reduced sleep onset latency (SOL) and increased REM in normal sleepers [4]. In another study, normal sleepers napped in a swinging bed of the same design. The study showed that rocking motion promotes sleep onset and transition to deeper, more restful stages of sleep [5]. In another study, investigators employed electrical stimulation of the inner ear in an attempt to decrease SOL, finding a significant reduction in a subset of participants whose SOL was elevated at baseline [6]. This illustrates that insomniacs may be particularly responsive to vestibular stimulation. The non-pharmacological promotion of sleep is an active commercial pursuit with numerous related patents filed and commercial products introduced in recent years; however, existing devices suffer serious shortcomings. Previous experimental and current commercial designs intended for adults function(ed) as a pendulum, requiring a custom bed (and associated custom linens) along with a special overarching scaffolding installation to suspend the bed [7]. An advanced robotic infant seat [8], while elegantly designed, utilizes active load support, severely limiting the maximum weight capacity and excluding the possibility that a similar implementation could be used for adults. Phillips Respironics developed the SleepWave, a non-invasive (clip-on) device to electrically stimulate the vestibular nerve to generate the sensation of motion, which has undergone promising clinical trials but is not yet commercially available [9]. The motivation for a mechatronic bed as a treatment for insomnia is based on the demonstrated link between motion-induced vestibular stimulation and sleep induction. To date, no design has been proposed that is practical to implement or capable of being incorporated into existing beds: cost, necessary dedicated physical space, and convenience represent substantial barriers to acceptance.
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Guo, Chao, Shuqiao Zhou, Duo Li, and Xiaojin Huang. "Analysis of the Alarm Generation and Display for the Reactor Accidents in HTR-PM." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-82483.
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Nuclear safety is one of the key issues for a nuclear power plant (NPP). The alarm system plays a critical role for the safe and efficient operation of an NPP which affects the correctness and efficiency of the operators in dealing with the accidents. It is even more important for the alarm system of a multi-modular NPP which has more than one reactor modules in a single unit because all the modules are usually monitored in the same main control room. The alarm generation and display mechanism of a typical multi-modular NPP, the High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor - Pebble bed Module (HTR-PM), is analyzed in this paper which has two reactor modules coupled to one steam turbine. Three operators are responsible for the operation of two nuclear islands and a conventional island, respectively. The alarm generation and display processes will be discussed in this paper. Firstly, the architecture of the RPS and the alarm system related to the red and yellow alarms is introduced. Then the generation and display mechanism of the red and yellow alarms is proposed. A protection variable of a design basis accident is given as an example for the alarm signal handling. The characteristics of the alarm system are then discussed. More optimization directions on the alarm design for multi-modular NPPs are proposed in the end.
Reports on the topic "Bei hai ren"
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Bell, Gary, and Duncan Bryant. Red River Structure physical model study : bulkhead testing. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40970.
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The US Army Corps of Engineers, St. Paul District, and its non-federal sponsors are designing and constructing a flood risk management project that will reduce the risk of flooding in the Fargo-Moorhead metropolitan area. There is a 30-mile long diversion channel around the west side of the city of Fargo, as well as a staging area that will be formed upstream of a 20-mile long dam (referred to as the Southern Embankment) that collectively includes an earthen embankment with three gated structures: the Diversion Inlet Structure, the Wild Rice River Structure, and the Red River Structure (RRS). A physical model has been constructed and analyzed to assess the hydraulic conditions near and at the RRS for verification of the structure’s flow capacity as well as optimization of design features for the structure. This report describes the modeling techniques and instrumentation used in the investigation and details the evaluation of the forces exerted on the proposed bulkheads during emergency operations for the RRS.
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Kaffenberger, Michelle. Modeling the Long-Run Learning Impact of the COVID-19 Learning Shock: Actions to (More Than) Mitigate Loss. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsgrise-ri_2020/017.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has forced 1.7 billion children out of school temporarily. While many education systems are attempting varying degrees of remote learning, it is widely accepted that the closures will produce substantial losses in learning (World Bank, 2020; Kuhfeld et al., 2020). However, the real concern is not just that a few months of learning will be lost in the short run, but that these losses will accumulate into large and permanent learning losses as many children fall behind during school closures and never catch up. This note uses a calibrated model with a “pedagogical production function” (Kaffenberger and Pritchett, 2020) to estimate the potential long-term losses to children’s learning from the temporary shock of school closures. The model shows that without mitigation, children could lose more than a year’s worth of learning even from a three-month school closure as the short-term losses continue to compound after children return to school. Turning to mitigation strategies, the note examines the long-term effects of two strategies, finding that with some mitigation efforts education systems could come back from the crisis stronger than before.
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Putriastuti, Massita Ayu Cindy, Vivi Fitriyanti, and Muhammad Razin Abdullah. Leveraging the Potential of Crowdfunding for Financing Renewable Energy. Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33116/br.002.
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• Renewable energy (RE) projects in Indonesia usually have IRR between 10% and 15% and PP around 6 to 30 years • Attractive return usually could be found in large scale RE projects, although there are numerous other factors involved including technology developments, capacity scale, power purchasing price agreements, project locations, as well as interest rates and applied incentives. • Crowdfunding (CF) has big potential to contribute to the financing of RE projects especially financing small scale RE projects. • P2P lending usually targeted short-term loans with high interest rates. Therefore, it cannot be employed as an alternative financing for RE projects in Indonesia. • Three types of CF that can be employed as an alternative for RE project funding in Indonesia. Namely, securities, reward, and donation-based CF. In addition, hybrid models such as securities-reward and reward-donation could also be explored according to the project profitability. • Several benefits offer by securities crowdfunding (SCF) compared to conventional banking and P2P lending, as follows: (1) issuer do not need to pledge assets as collateral; (2) do not require to pay instalment each month; (3) issuer share risks with investors with no obligation to cover the investor’s loss; (4) applicable for micro, small, medium, enterprises (MSMEs) with no complex requirements; and (5) there is possibility to attract investors with bring specific value. • Several challenges that need to be tackled such as the uncertainty of RE regulations; (1) issuer’s inability in managing the system and business; (2) the absence of third parties in bridging between CF platform and potential issuer from RE project owner; (3) the lack of financial literacy of the potential funders; and (4) lastly the inadequacy of study regarding potential funders in escalating the RE utilisation in Indonesia.
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Perkins, Dustin. Invasive exotic plant monitoring at Colorado National Monument: 2019 field season. Edited by Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286650.
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Invasive exotic plant (IEP) species are a significant threat to natural ecosystem integrity and biodiversity, and controlling them is a high priority for the National Park Service. The North-ern Colorado Plateau Network (NCPN) selected the early detection of IEPs as one of 11 monitoring protocols to be implemented as part of its long-term monitoring program. This report represents work completed at Colorado National Monument during 2019. During monitoring conducted June 12–19, a total of 20 IEP species were detected on monitoring routes and transects. Of these, 12 were priority species that accounted for 791 separate IEP patches. IEPs were most prevalent along riparian areas. Yellow sweetclover (Melilotis officinale) and yellow salsify (Tragopogon dubius) were the most commonly detected priority IEPs along monitoring routes, representing 73% of all priority patches. Patches of less than 40 m2 were typical of nearly all priority IEP species except yellow sweetclover. A patch management index (PMI) was created by combining patch size class and percent cover for each patch. In 2019, a large majority of priority IEP patches were assigned a PMI score of low (46%) or very low (50%), indicating small and/or sparse patches where control is generally still feasible. This is similar to the numbers for 2017, when 99% of patches scored low or very low in PMI. Seventy-eight percent of tree patches were classified as seedlings or saplings, which require less effort to control than mature trees. Cheatgrass (Anisantha tectorum) was the most common IEP recorded in transects, found in 30–77% of transects across the different routes. It was the only species found in transects on all monitoring routes. When treated and untreated extra areas near the West Entrance were compared, the treated area had comparable or higher lev-els of IEPs than the untreated area. When segments of monitoring routes conducted between 2003 and 2019 were compared, results were mixed, due to the different species monitored in different time periods. But in general, the number of IEPs per 100 meters is increasing or remaining constant over time. There were notable increases in IEP patches per 100 meters on several routes in 2019: field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) along East Glade Park Road; Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila) in Red Canyon; yellow salsify along East Glade Park Road, No Thoroughfare Canyon, No Thoroughfare Trail, and Red Canyon; and yellow sweetclover in No Thoroughfare Canyon and Red Canyon. Network staff will return to re-sample monitoring routes in 2021.
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Bauer, Andrew, Jennifer Abras, and Nathan Hariharan. In situ and post-processing volume rendering with with Cinema. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40502.
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We present a new batch volume rendering technique which alleviates the time and expertise needed by the domain scientist in order to produce quality volume rendered results. This process can be done both in situ and as a post-processing step. The advantage of performing this as an in situ process is that the user is not required to have a priori knowledge of the exact physics and how best to create a transfer function to volume render that physics during the in situ run. For the post-processing use case, the user has the ability to easily examine a wide variety of transfer functions without the tedious work of manually generating each one.
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Amela, R., R. Badia, S. Böhm, R. Tosi, C. Soriano, and R. Rossi. D4.2 Profiling report of the partner’s tools, complete with performance suggestions. Scipedia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/exaqute.2021.2.023.
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This deliverable focuses on the proling activities developed in the project with the partner's applications. To perform this proling activities, a couple of benchmarks were dened in collaboration with WP5. The rst benchmark is an embarrassingly parallel benchmark that performs a read and then multiple writes of the same object, with the objective of stressing the memory and storage systems and evaluate the overhead when these reads and writes are performed in parallel. A second benchmark is dened based on the Continuation Multi Level Monte Carlo (C-MLMC) algorithm. While this algorithm is normally executed using multiple levels, for the proling and performance analysis objectives, the execution of a single level was enough since the forthcoming levels have similar performance characteristics. Additionally, while the simulation tasks can be executed as parallel (multi-threaded tasks), in the benchmark, single threaded tasks were executed to increase the number of simulations to be scheduled and stress the scheduling engines. A set of experiments based on these two benchmarks have been executed in the MareNostrum 4 supercomputer and using PyCOMPSs as underlying programming model and dynamic scheduler of the tasks involved in the executions. While the rst benchmark was executed several times in a single iteration, the second benchmark was executed in an iterative manner, with cycles of 1) Execution and trace generation; 2) Performance analysis; 3) Improvements. This had enabled to perform several improvements in the benchmark and in the scheduler of PyCOMPSs. The initial iterations focused on the C-MLMC structure itself, performing re-factors of the code to remove ne grain and sequential tasks and merging them in larger granularity tasks. The next iterations focused on improving the PyCOMPSs scheduler, removing existent bottlenecks and increasing its performance by making the scheduler a multithreaded engine. While the results can still be improved, we are satised with the results since the granularity of the simulations run in this evaluation step are much ner than the one that will be used for the real scenarios. The deliverable nishes with some recommendations that should be followed along the project in order to obtain good performance in the execution of the project codes.
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Agrawal, Asha Weinstein, and Hilary Nixon. What Do Americans Think About Federal Tax Options to Support Transportation? Results from Year Twelve of a National Survey. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2101.
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This report summarizes the results from the twelfth year of a national public opinion survey asking U.S. adults questions related to their views on federal transportation taxes. A nationally-representative sample of 2,516 respondents completed the online survey from February 5 to 23, 2021. The questions test public opinions about raising the federal gas tax rate, replacing the federal gas tax with a new mileage fee, and imposing a mileage fee just on commercial travel. In addition to asking directly about support for these tax options, the survey collected data on respondents’ views on the quality of their local transportation system, their priorities for federal transportation spending, their knowledge about gas taxes, their views on privacy and equity matters related to mileage fees, travel behavior, and standard sociodemographic variables. This large set of variables is used to identify personal characteristics and opinions correlated with support for the tax options. Key findings include that large majorities supported transportation improvements across modes and wanted to see the federal government work towards making the transportation system well maintained, safe, and equitable, as well as to reduce the system’s impact on climate change. Findings related to gas taxes include that only 2% of respondents knew that the federal gas tax rate had not been raised in more than 20 years, and 71% of respondents supported increasing the federal gas tax by 10 cents per gallon if the revenue would be dedicated to maintenance. With respect to mileage fees, roughly half of respondents supported some form of mileage fee, whether that was assessed on all travel or just on commercial travel, 62% believe that low-income drivers should pay a reduced mileage fee rate, and 52% think that electric vehicles should pay a lower rate than gas and diesel vehicles. The analysis of trends across the survey series, which has run from 2010 to 2011, shows that support for both higher gas taxes and a hypothetical new mileage fee has risen slowly but steadily, and Americans’ experience with COVID over the past year has not disrupted those trends. Finally, support for the tax and fee options varies mostly by most personal characteristics, but there are frequently large differences correlated with age, community type, and political affiliation.
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Bauer, Andrew, James Forsythe, Jayanarayanan Sitaraman, Andrew Wissink, Buvana Jayaraman, and Robert Haehnel. In situ analysis and visualization to enable better workflows with CREATE-AV™ Helios. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40846.
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The CREATE-AV™ Helios CFD simulation code has been used to accurately predict rotorcraft performance under a variety of flight conditions. The Helios package contains a suite of tools that contain almost the entire set of functionality needed for a variety of workflows. These workflows include tools customized to properly specify many in situ analysis and visualization capabilities appropriate for rotorcraft analysis. In situ is the process of computing analysis and visualization information during a simulation run before data is saved to disk. In situ has been referred to with a variety of terms including co-processing, covisualization, coviz, etc. In this paper we describe the customization of the pre-processing GUI and corresponding development of the Helios solver code-base to effectively implement in situ analysis and visualization to reduce file IO and speed up workflows for CFD analysts. We showcase how the workflow enables the wide variety of Helios users to effectively work in post-processing tools they are already familiar with as opposed to forcing them to learn new tools in order post-process in situ data extracts being produced by Helios. These data extracts include various sources of information customized to Helios, such as knowledge about the near- and off-body grids, internal surface extracts with patch information, and volumetric extracts meant for fast post-processing of data. Additionally, we demonstrate how in situ can be used by workflow automation tools to help convey information to the user that would be much more difficult when using full data dumps.
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Zilberman, Mark. The "Dimming Effect" Produced by the Application of Doppler Effect on the Quantity of Photons Arriving to a Receiver and its Implication to Astronomy (ver. 2). Intellectual Archive, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2444.
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This article describes the "Dimming effect" that is produced by the Doppler effect applied to a quantity of individual photons arriving to a receiver from a moving source of light. The corpuscular-wave dualism of light suggests that the well-known Doppler effect, which is currently applied only to the wave component of light, should also be considered for the corpuscular component of light. Application of the Doppler effect on a quantity of photons leads to the "Dimming Effect" - as the faster light source is moving away from observer - the dimmer its brightness appears. While the described dimming effect is negligible for low-speed light sources, it becomes significant for light sources with a velocity comparable to light speed in a vacuum. The relativistic adjustments for time dilation cause the described dimming effect to be even stronger. For example, the "Dimming Effect" for an object moving away from the observer with the speed 0.1c is 0.904 and for an object moving away from the observer with the speed 0.5c is 0.577. Article also provides the formula for the calculation of "Dimming effect" values using the red-shift parameter Z widely used in astronomy as N/N0=1/(Z+1). If confirmed, the "Dimming effect" must be taken into account in calculations of astronomical "Standard Candles" and in particular in the "Supernova Cosmology Project", which has claimed the acceleration of the Universe's expansion and led to the introduction of dark energy.
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Döring, Thomas, and Birgit Aigner-Walder. Zukunftsperspektiven der Elektromobilität Treibende Faktoren und in ökonomischer SichtHemmnisse. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627109.
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Als in ökologischer Sicht das Klima schonende und in diesem Sinne „saubere“ Alternative zur vorherrschenden Mobilitätsform auf der Basis von Verbrennungsmotoren hat das Thema „Elektromobilität“ in den zurückliegenden Jahren sowohl innerhalb der Automobilbranche als auch in der breiten Öffentlichkeit erheblich an Aufmerksamkeit gewonnen. Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht eine ökonomische Antwort auf die Frage zu geben, ob die verschiedenen Formen von Elektromobilität eine realistische Chance haben, in den nächsten Jahren nennenswerte Marktanteile zu gewinnen. Aus ökonomischer Sicht stehen dabei vor allem drei Aspekte im Mittelpunkt der Betrachtung. Zum einen ist dies die Fragestellung, wie die potenziellen ökologischen Effekte einer vermehrten Nutzung von Elektrofahrzeugen im Vergleich zu den bestehenden konventionellen Mobilitätsformen einzuschätzen sind (Kapitel 2). Dabei sollen sowohl die umweltbezogenen Vorteile, aber auch die – bei einer umfassenderen Betrachtung der Elektromobilität in den Blick zu nehmenden – ökologischen Folgen näher untersucht werden. Jenseits dieser rein umweltbezogenen Perspektive sind darüber hinaus die mikroökonomischen Aspekte von Elektromobilität genauer zu beleuchten (Kapitel 3). Im Mittelpunkt dieser Betrachtung steht die Frage, unter welchen Rahmenbedingungen damit gerechnet werden kann, dass die potenziellen Nutzer dieser neuen Mobilitätsform vermehrt von konventionellen Fahrzeugen auf elektrisch angetriebene Fahrzeuge umsteigen werden. Oder anders formuliert: Welche Hemmfaktoren lassen sich identifizieren, die eine verstärkte Substitution zwischen beiden Mobilitätsalternativen gegenwärtig (noch) behindern. Darüber hinaus ist der Frage nachzugehen, welche makroökonomischen Effekte mit einer verstärkten Nutzung von Elektromobilität verbunden sein werden (Kapitel 4). Im Mittelpunkt dieser Überlegungen stehen gesamtwirtschaftliche Nutzen-Kosten-Überlegungen in Form einer Abschätzung der möglichen Auswirkungen dieser neuen (Mobilitäts-)Technologie auf Beschäftigung, Strukturwandel, Investitionsverhalten, Energiebedarf oder auch Rohstoffpreise, um nur einige in diesem Zusammenhang wichtige makroökonomische Kenngrößen zu nennen. Den Abschluss des Beitrags bildet eine Zusammenfassung der Untersuchungsergebnisse (Kapitel 5).