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Journal articles on the topic 'Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 23 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Barman, Jnyanendra. "China’s Belt and Road Initiative: An Analysis." Journal of Contemporary Politics 2, no. 3 (2023): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.53989/jcp.v2i3.23.11.

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Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), a signature foreign policy initiative by China’s President Xi Jinping, is the largest global infrastructure undertaking, surpassing the Marshall Plan. Chinese banks and companies have invested billions in funding and building infrastructure in numerous countries. Two significant initiatives are related to and referred to the BRI. One is the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road (MSR). However, with the commencement, the initiative has attracted enormous global attention. Background information about SREB and the MSR and its imple

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2

Generalov, O. "DIVERSIFICATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS OF THE PRC IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE ONE BELT ONE ROAD INITIATIVE IN A PERFECT STORM." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu Serìâ Ekonomìka 13, no. 26 (2023): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-2822-2023-13-26-22-30.

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China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an important initiative to strengthen connectivity and promote economic growth in many countries. China's strategy to stimulate economic growth by diversifying infrastructure investment under the Belt and Road Initiative demonstrates its commitment to promoting connectivity and sustainable development on a global scale. Through a proactive diversification policy, China reduces risks and seizes opportunities, ensuring sustainability and stability in a minimal economic environment. By embracing digitalization and upgrading financial infrastructure, China

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3

Mubashra Shaheen and Munawar Hussain Panhwar. "BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE." Asia-Pacific - Annual Research Journal of Far East & South East Asia 39 (January 20, 2022): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47781/asia-pacific.vol39.iss0.4369.

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Chinese Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is primarily aimed at strategic interconnectedness of Asia, Europe and Africa and regional economic connectivity in South Asia, East, West and Central Asia by maintaining connection among partner countries in highly interconnected globalised World. Pakistan’s integration into BRI through CPEC can play a vital role in terms of regional economic and political development encompassing variety of opportunities for Pakistan. This Chinese initiative will diffuse geopolitical rivalries, giving leverage to geo-economics over geo-politics in South Asian region. BR

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Tantri, Erlita, Paulus Rudolf Yuniarto, Rita Pawestri Setyaningsih, and Wabilia Husnah. "Ringkasan Hasil Penelitian ANALISIS BUDAYA DAN IMPLIKASI SOSIAL EKONOMI DALAM PRAKTIK SABUK JALAN TIONGKOK (China’s Belt Road Initiative)." Jurnal Kajian Wilayah 12, no. 1 (2022): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jkw.v12i1.889.

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China’s Belt Road Initiative (China’s BRI atau BRI Tiongkok) atau Prakarsa Sabuk Jalan Tiongkok merupakan diplomasi ekonomi dan politik Pemerintah Tiongkok yang bertujuan untuk mengamankan pasokan produksi negara dan devisa, penyebaran modal dan investasi, serta peningkatan hubungan internasional. Selain itu, China’s BRI merepresentasikan peta jalan tentang bagaimana Tiongkok memainkan strategi agar terintegrasi ke dalam ekonomi dunia. Selain itu sekaligus juga memperkuat pokgaruh politik di daerah Sabuk dan Jalan sambil menggabungkan seluruh kepentingan ekonomi, politik, budaya, dan keamanan

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5

Busilli, Virginia Soledad. "Belt and Road Initiative (BRI):." CUPEA Cuadernos de Política Exterior Argentina, no. 131 (June 3, 2020): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35305/cc.vi131.81.

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Desde su llegada, a fines de 2012, Xi Jinping imprimió una faceta global a la política exterior china. La Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) (Iniciativa de la Franja y de la Ruta en castellano), se ha convertido en la iniciativa estratégica más importante de la política exterior de Xi Jinping. Por sus características y alcance, uno de los principales debates académicos que ha generado, es establecer si se trata de una iniciativa o una estrategia china. La Iniciativa es una propuesta de cooperación económica internacional para ejecutar proyectos relacionados al comercio e infraestructura a lo largo

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Wächter, Lars. "Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)." WiSt - Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium 49, no. 1 (2020): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/0340-1650-2020-1-46.

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Chinas Staatschef Xi Jinping will das „Reich der Mitte“ bis 2049 zur neuen Weltmacht führen. Dazu soll die alte Seidenstraße zu neuem Leben erweckt werden. Belt and Road Initiative heißt das Megaprojekt, das in den nächsten Jahren die Weltwirtschaft massiv verändern wird.

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7

Cao, Jiahan. "China’s Belt and Road Initiative 2.0." China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 05, no. 02 (2019): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2377740019500155.

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As China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) quickly evolves into an updated version for realizing high-quality development, its long-term success will increasingly depend on how well it can earn international legitimacy and credibility. Since sustainability is a critical source of credibility for the BRI, it is necessary to move the BRI forward by amplifying its role as a development agenda and tapping its potential to support global sustainable development and facilitate implementation of the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2030 Agenda) through delivering more public go

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8

Bhattarai, Dinesh. "Understanding the Belt and Road Initiative." Journal of APF Command and Staff College 2, no. 1 (2019): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/japfcsc.v2i1.26750.

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China’s project of the century- Belt and Road Initiative - is a signature foreign policy project of President Xi Jinping. Launched in 2013, BRI contains two components- overland belt connecting China with Central Asia, Russia, South Asia and Europe, and Maritime Silk Road for enhancing connectivity, and maritime cooperation linking Chinese ports with Southeast Asia, South Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Europe. BRI wraps up these two initiatives in it and intends to cover the number of countries along the route that happens to be the biggest market in the world with enormous potentials for t

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9

Yu, Linna. "Cooperation between China and Romania under Belt and Road Initiative." HOLISTICA – Journal of Business and Public Administration 9, no. 3 (2018): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hjbpa-2018-0021.

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Abstract China’s greatest international economic aspiration is the “Belt and Road” Initiative (BRI), to stimulate economic corporation in a wide region including sub regions in Asia, Africa and Europe. This paper does researches for the cooperation between China and Romania at the background of BRI. It shows a short introduction of BRI and analyses import and export trade data included China with Europe, Europe Union and Romania to make a prediction about future development. It makes a comparison to different countries in BRI by Belt and Road Index (BARI). We will analyze Romanian basic econom

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10

Liow, Joseph Chinyong. "Strategic Imperatives Behind China’s Belt and Road Initiative." China and the World 03, no. 03 (2020): 2050008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s259172932050008x.

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A signature initiative that bears the personal imprimatur of President Xi Jinping, the Belt and Road Initiative has been articulated by the Chinse leadership as a grand narrative. Yet, given the reality that it comprises a series of mostly bilateral developmental initiatives that China has entered into with various countries, can we identify broader strategic intent behind the BRI? This essay attempts to answer this question by exploring the geopolitical and geoeconomic dimensions of the BRI and how they may be interlinked with China’s domestic considerations. It also assess the potential, sho

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Kenesovna, J. A., and A. P. Choudhury. "MATRIX-BASED EXAMINATION OF KAZAKHSTAN'S BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE PARTICIPATION." Central Asian Economic Review, no. 4 (November 14, 2024): 160–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52821/2789-4401-2024-4-160-172.

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Purpose: This study aims to critically examine Kazakhstan's involvement in China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), challenging prevailing realist interpretations and exploring the nation's agency within the framework of this expansive development strategy. By analysing the multifaceted nature of the BRI and its impact on Kazakhstan's economic development, the research seeks to provide a nuanced understanding of the initiative's implementation and outcomes.Research Methodology: The study employs a matrix approach to analyse the BRI's functions and sectors, with a particular focus on Kazakhstan.

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DZEKASHU, WILLIAM. "China Belt and Road Initiative:." Archives of Business Research 9, no. 5 (2021): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.95.10180.

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Most of Sub-Sahara Africa gained independence from Europe in a wave from 1957 through the late 1980s with the notion that her former colonial masters would be development partners in the newfound era of political, social, and economic freedom. This perception of partnership is evidenced in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, but regrettably, in other countries in the continent, there have been delays in infrastructure development. With Europe’s failure to meet the expectation, Africa has turned to China as a development partner. China has tackled some of the urgent infrastructure needs in

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Papatheologou, Dr Vasiliki. "European Union (EU)-China-Africa Triangular Cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative: The Way Forward." Urban Studies and Public Administration 2, no. 4 (2019): p226. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/uspa.v2n4p226.

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The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) offers a platform for trans-regional cooperation, connects Asia and Europe with Africa, strengthens European Union (EU)-China-Africa triangular cooperation and provides development opportunities for the African countries. In the region of Africa, Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is perceived as a mechanism for interregional dialogue with concrete results in the areas of peace, security, infrastructure, sustainable development and in assisting African states to achieve the SDG’s. The trilateral cooperation is enriched by the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) for a

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14

Borges, Diogo. "A Belt and Road Initiative no Camboja: Dependência e Legitimidade de Elites." DAXIYANGGUO - REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE ESTUDOS ASIÁTICOS / PORTUGUESE JOURNAL OF ASIAN STUDIES, no. 30 (2023): 81–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.33167/1645-4677.daxiyangguo2023.30/pp.81-101.

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O Camboja foi um dos Estados que mais fortemente abraçou a Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), aproximando-o dos benefícios da mesma, mas igualmente deixando-o suscetível aos riscos que esta iniciativa pode trazer. No caso do Camboja, estes riscos estão geralmente associados ao agravamento da sua dependência económica e política para com a China resultantes da sua adesão à BRI, forçando as elites cambojanas a gerir esta relação assimétrica. Através de uma análise dos principais projetos da BRI no Camboja, em complemento com uma análise das características do neopatrimonialismo que define as intera

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Vasiliki, Papatheologou. "The Impact of the Belt and Road Initiative in South and Southeast Asia." Journal of Social and Political Sciences 2, no. 4 (2019): 899–905. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1991.02.04.128.

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China has undertaken a historic task to expand its economic influence across half of the world through its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). China is willing to pursue economic advances under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which are seen as beneficial by China's partners. For China, the Belt and Road Initiative provides a platform to develop ties with neighboring Asian countries while fostering the development of its own extensive high-speed rail network as a means to export high-end technology and services. The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has set the tone for cross-regional connecti

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16

Majid, Ali, and Lu Gen Li. "Belt and Road Initiative: An Overview of Intellectual Property Protection and Cooperation." Journal of Social and Political Sciences 2, no. 3 (2019): 674–79. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1991.02.03.110.

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One Belt One Road (OBOR) is currently known as Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) which was initiated by China and considered a game-changer mega project not only for the regions attached with but also for the whole world. BRI is going to connect the continent Asia, Middle East, Europe, and Africa through the different routes of roads, railway tracks, optic cable and gas pipelines fiber, and so on. The development of the routes has consisted on the land and sea routes. The land routes called the Silk Road Economic Belt, and the routes through the sea are called Maritime Silk Road. It is also levit

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17

Dr., Anjali Sehrawat. "China's Belt and Road Initiative: Analysing Diplomatic Impacts and Challenges." International Journal of Advance Study and Research Work 7, no. 1 (2024): 45–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10901090.

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<strong><em>The goal of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), also known as the "New Silk Road" or the "Silk Road Economic Belt," is to improve global connectivity by reviving ancient trade routes. The BRI is a network of land and sea routes that crosses Asia, Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. The "Road" refers to the Maritime Silk Road, which connects China's southern coast to Africa, the Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia by sea. The "Belt" is the Silk Road Economic Belt, which connects China to Central Asia and Europe by land. To enable trade over the contemporary Silk Roa

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18

Maharani, Nafiisah Rizqillah, and Najamuddin Khairur Rijal. "GLOBALISASI EKONOMI VIETNAM DALAM KERANGKA PEMBANGUNAN BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE." REFORMASI 12, no. 1 (2022): 28–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33366/rfr.v12i1.3328.

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This study aims to see how globalization affects the Vietnamese economy, particularly regards to the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). For this reason, the author uses a hyperglobalist approach that focuses on the economic dimension of globalization. The result is that the development of BRI provides benefits for Vietnam, namely optimizing the industry in managing its natural resources, which is known that Vietnam has natural resources that have not been managed optimally. In addition, FDI inflows through BRI are able to create more job opportunities and encourage infrastruct

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19

Chang, Y. Y. "Understanding the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)." European Journal of East Asian Studies 18, no. 1 (2019): 7–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700615-01801005.

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AbstractThis article re-examines China’s proposed Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) taking into account historical and philosophical narratives. It assumes that the BRI has crucial strategic implications; in particular, that it is not as altruistic as claimed but rather a self-interested proposal aiming to restore China’s grandeur and influence. The Chinese Dream (中國夢) and the concept of Tianxia (天下), ‘all under heaven’) are discussed to illustrate how the initiative is ‘marketed’. It ends with an interpretation of the impacts that the BRI might have on other parts of the world.

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20

Baltensperger, Michael, and Uri Dadush. "The Belt and Road turns five." Russian Journal of Economics 5, no. 2 (2019): 136–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/j.ruje.5.38704.

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China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an international trade and development strategy. Launched in 2013, it is one of the ways that China asserts its role in world affairs and captures the opportunities of globalization. The BRI has the potential to enhance development prospects across the world and in China, but that potential might not be realized because the BRI’s objectives are too broad and ill-defined, and its execution is too often non-transparent, lacking in due diligence and uncoordinated. This article documents the background and context of the BRI, recounts what is known about t

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Baltensperger, Michael, and Uri Dadush. "The Belt and Road turns five." Russian Journal of Economics 5, no. (2) (2019): 136–53. https://doi.org/10.32609/j.ruje.5.38704.

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China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an international trade and development strategy. Launched in 2013, it is one of the ways that China asserts its role in world affairs and captures the opportunities of globalization. The BRI has the potential to enhance development prospects across the world and in China, but that potential might not be realized because the BRI's objectives are too broad and ill-defined, and its execution is too often non-transparent, lacking in due diligence and uncoordinated. This article documents the background and context of the BRI, recounts what is known about t

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KONDAPALLI, Srikanth, Leila DELOVAROVA, Bilal JAN, and Alibek YERMEKOV. "AFGHANISTAN'S POLITICAL CHANGE AND THE BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE: AN OVERVIEW OF THE SITUATION." Public Administration and Civil Service 90, no. 3 (2024): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.52123/1994-2370-2024-1231.

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This article explores the intricate relationship between Afghanistan's evolving political landscape and the ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Situated at the crossroads of geopolitical complexities, Afghanistan has undergone enduring political transformations, prompting a critical review of its international role. As the nation grapples with transformative political journeys, this study scrutinizes the interplay between internal changes and the broader goals of the BRI. Initiated by China, the BRI represents an unprecedented effort in global connectivity and economic cooperation. The a

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CHANTHANASINH, Vadsana. "The Perception and Attitude of Government Official on the Bilateral between Lao-China Initiatives under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) Case Study: Vientiane Capital." Souphanouvong University Journal Multidisciplinary Research and Development 8, no. 2 (2024): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.69692/sujmrd0802313.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the level of perception and attitude of government officials on the bilateral between Lao-China Initiative under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). There are two methods of the study: the qualitative and methodology. The sample of this study comprised of government officials from 18 ministries with a total of 273 people. From querying the questionnaire, statistics analyze the data. The descriptive statistics include frequency, percentages, standard deviations, and binomial statistics to test the independent samples t -test, the One-way ANOVA. The resul

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Zhao, Momo. "Geopolitical Impacts of China's Belt and Road Initiative: Opportunities and Risks Across Asia, Africa, and Europe." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 164, no. 1 (2025): 118–27. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/2025.20735.

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Taking the Belt and Road Initiative as the object of study, this paper explores how the Belt and Road strategy enhances China's geopolitical discourse and its specific impacts in Asia, Africa and Europe, and at the same time explores the opportunities and potential risks of the Initiative, revealing the role of the Belt and Road in international relations and providing a reference for national policymaking. Launched in 2013, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has become a crucial strategy for China to enhance globalization and foster international collaboration. By investing in infrastructure

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Sharma, Buddhi Prasad. "Belt and Road." China and the World 02, no. 03 (2019): 1950016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2591729319500160.

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Since the formal launch of the China-led Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), it has received both positive and negative feedbacks and responses. Comparatively, the studies show that it gained more positive responses and accumulative attraction. Notorious Western hegemony, in general, and conditionbased Western cooperation model, in particular, were ignored and felt useless by the developing world. Comparatively, they perceive BRI to be more appropriate for strengthening connectivity, attracting investment and enhancing other necessary cooperations. As a leading power, China needs to show more gene

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Li, Liao. "The Legal Challenges and Legal Safeguards for the Belt and Road Initiative." Global Trade and Customs Journal 14, Issue 5 (2019): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2019020.

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The Silk Road Economic Belt and the twenty-first century Maritime Silk Road, better known as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), is a development strategy proposed by China’s President Xi Jinping in 2013 that focuses on connectivity and cooperation between Eurasian countries. The reasons for initiating the Belt and Road include the trends of antiglobalization and global economic decline, the rise of China as a global economic power, and the rise of China as a global investor. In particular, the BRI can provide international public goods. The process of building the Belt and Road will face lega

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27

Peredy, Zoltán, Wang Jiayi, Sun Jiaxuan, and Cui Zheng. "Impact assessment of Belt and Road Initiative on Chinese economy and society." Acta Periodica, no. 28 (2023): 18–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47273/ap.2023.28.18-40.

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The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a major infrastructure and economic development project launched by the Chinese government in 2013. This review paper examines the economic and social impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on the country and makes recommendations. The Belt and Road Initiative has contributed to China’s economic growth and expansion, but also faces challenges such as corruption and environmental concerns. In terms of society, the Belt and Road Initiative has both positive and negative impacts and hidden risks. It creates jobs and infrastructure, but to a certain

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Grydehøj, Adam, Sasha Davis, Rui Guo, and Huan Zhang. "Silk Road archipelagos: Islands of the Belt and Road Initiative." Island Studies Journal 15, no. 2 (2020): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24043/isj.137.

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The concept behind the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI; formerly ‘One Belt, One Road’) began to take shape in 2013. Since then, this Chinese-led project has become a major plank in China’s foreign relations. The BRI has grown from its basis as a vision of interregional connectivity into a truly global system, encompassing places—including many island states, territories, and cities—from the South Pacific to the Arctic, from East Africa to the Caribbean, from the Indian Ocean to the Mediterranean. Islands and archipelagos are particularly prominent in the BRI’s constituent 21st-Century Maritime S

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Xie, Jingyi. "Inclusive Globalization and The Belt and Road Initiative." Review of International Relations 5, no. 1 (2023): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/rir.v5i1.34115.

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The old economic globalization has come to a halt. Most scholars have considered the current model of economic globalization, and the new path of globalization is to inherit the parts of neoliberal economic globalization that benefit economic growth while reforming the parts that are insufficient. Many academics have backed China's "Belt and Road" initiative (BRI) as a platform for jointly exploring a new type of globalization in this context. Based on a brief overview of the economic globalization development process, this article investigates how the BRI reflects the characteristics of inclu

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R, Prakash. "Greening the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): Mapping China's Green Infrastructure Development Policy." Praxis International Journal of Social Science and Literature 6, no. 7 (2023): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.51879/pijssl/060707.

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This article examines China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) project through the green development discourse and green financing policies. Under the BRI, China disseminated 183 billion United States dollars (USD) as energy finance for BRI countries to achieve the capacity building to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of 2030. I attempt to critically analyse how China promotes its eco-friendly infrastructure development policies through the BRI projects. The first question is why China construct ecologically smart and sustainable development projects under the ambitious ongoing B

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Researcher. "BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE (BRI) ON TOTAL QUALITY FINANCIAL PERSPECTIVES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Management Research and Development (IJAFMRD) 2, no. 2 (2024): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14505484.

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China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is to take reference from the historic Silk Roads to replicate two new modern road and maritime based Silk roads which apparently cover more than 60 countries and regions from Asia, Africa to Europe.  Five aspects and beyond of BRI jointly written by ACCA-SSE (Shanghai Stock Exchange) entails for the developing areas.  There is huge potential to develop Asia to Europe starting from infrastructure projects which are to invest billions of dollars.  This article is focused to discuss BRI financial perspectives including policy coordinati

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Pratama, M. Andrian Putra, Pujo Widodo, Herlina Juni Risma Saragih, Panji Suwarno, Trismadi Trismadi, and Yusnaldi Yusnaldi. "China's Strategic Concept With Belt Road Initiative Attributes Through Control of African And Indo-Pacific Region." International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 38, no. 1 (2023): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v38.1.5228.

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This research discusses about the strategic consept China’s Geopolitics with Belt and Road Initiative Attributes. Research methods using qualitative methods with descriptive analysis and quasi- qualitative analysis techniques that look for data and compare it with literary theory and study. Based on the results of the study, Belt Road Initiative China’s serves to support the pace of China's rise.. The Belt and Road Initiative is one of the most ambitious foreign and economic policies of the Chinese government. This policy aims to strengthen Beijing's economic influence through a broad and the

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Lu, Zhangxu. "Impact of the Belt and Road Initiative on China and Related Countries and Regions." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 53, no. 1 (2024): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/53/20240048.

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The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), adopted by China, is a significant endeavour aimed at fostering global economic growth in the 21st century. This project has had a substantial economic influence on countries involved, propelling China and adjacent nations into a new age of swift development. As a significant economic measure, the Belt and Road initiative covers five continents of the world, ensuring to assist nations with poorer economic development and promote economic cooperation. This paper applies the literature review to analyse the articles written by previous scholars and determine t

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Iqbal, Badar Alam, Mohd Nayyer Rahman, and Shaista Sami. "Impact of Belt and Road Initiative on Asian Economies." Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies 11, no. 3 (2019): 260–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974910119887059.

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Chinese President Jinping initiated one of China’s grandiose foreign policy initiatives in 2013. He emphasized on the reconstruction of Silk Road Economic Belt and a twenty-first century Maritime Silk Road (MSR), together referred as Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The BRI presents opportunity for trade, investment, and jobs between China and Asian economies that will support increasing consumption, infrastructure development, political associations, and sustainable development in many parts of the world. This article examines the BRI project and its growth, specifically from the Asian perspec

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Prates, Ian, Carolina Lages, and Vitor Menezes. "A Belt and Road Initiative na mídia brasileira." Estudos Internacionais: revista de relações internacionais da PUC Minas 8, no. 3 (2020): 128–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.2317-773x.2020v8n3p128-151.

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Este artigo apresenta uma avaliação da percepção da Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) na mídia brasileira. Essa avaliação é relevante diante do movimento de aproximação entre os países e da especulação da entrada do Brasil na BRI, embora o país tenha mantido uma distância deliberada da iniciativa. Nesse contexto, o sucesso de uma possível adesão ao BRI pelo Brasil – uma democracia pluralista e multipartidária – depende em larga medida do grau de consenso em torno dos temas, seja nas arenas formais de decisão, seja junto à opinião pública. O trabalho analisou 266 artigos/reportagens/colunas de opi

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Yu, Chunjiao, Ren Zhang, Lian An, and Zhixing Yu. "Has China’s Belt and Road Initiative Intensified Bilateral Trade Links between China and the Involved Countries?" Sustainability 12, no. 17 (2020): 6747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176747.

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The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is designed to intensify reciprocal trade preferentiality between China and the Belt-Road countries. However, there has been little research empirically examining the policy effects on the trade links between China and the involved countries. This paper attempts to evaluate the BRI effects quantitatively by constructing a new bilateral revealed trade preference index to measure the bilateral trade preferentiality between China and its 114 trading partners. Using a difference in differences model, we show that the trade of China with the Belt-Road countries ha

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Htwe, Thaingi Khin. "Implications of China's Belt and Road Initiative for Myanmar." WIMAYA 1, no. 02 (2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/wimaya.v1i02.25.

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This article aims to examine the implications of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) for Myanmar. BRI is an economic and strategic agenda of China. Because of its strategic geographical location, Myanmar becomes an important area of China in implementing its BRI projects. Beijing has raised the multi-level engagement in Myanmar such as economic and infrastructure cooperation; provide assist for the government’s peace process, and stand at Myanmar’s side in the international community. Therefore, BRI could have implications for Myanmar. This research answers the following questions: what are

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Kaczmarek, Filip. "African Dimension of the Belt and Road Initiative." Przegląd Strategiczny, no. 12 (December 31, 2019): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ps.2019.1.10.

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The research purpose of this paper is to examine the role of the BRI in China-Africa relations and the mutual interdependence between the BRI and other forms of Chinese presence in Africa. In order to attain this goal, the method of analysis of secondary data will be employed regarding concluded agreements, trade exchange, Official Development Assistance (ODA), foreign direct investment (FDI), debt, instruments of soft power and plans for the future. The analysis allows the several conclusions to be drawn. The BRI is so flexible that it can be extended in a relatively simple way and in a short

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Long, Ding. "مبادرة الحزام والطريق: نشأة وأهداف / The Belt and Road Initiative: Origin and Objectives". Chinese and Arab Studies 1, № 1 (2021): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/caas-2021-2008.

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Abstract The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a strategy initiated by Chinese government that seeks to connect Asia with Africa and Europe via land and maritime networks with the aim of increasing commercial exchange, stimulating economic growth and improving regional integration. The BRI comprises a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st century Maritime Silk Road. The initiative defines five major priorities, namely policy coordination, infrastructure connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration, and people-to-people bonds. The BRI has been associated with large investment programs in i

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Linlin, S. "Heilongjiang Province’s Engagement in BRI." Review of Business and Economics Studies 7, no. 2 (2019): 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2308-944x-2019-7-2-6-21.

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As one of the nine border provinces in the country, Heilongjiang Province has 2,981 kilometres of RussianRussian border and 25 national first-class ports. In the past five years, Heilongjiang Province, based on the prominent geographical position in the core of Northeast Asia, has actively promoted the national strategy of the Belt and Road Initiative, deepened on open cooperation with countries in the Northeast Asia, and focused on developing economic cooperation and trade with Russia while building a new pattern of openness to the outside world. This paper in detail elaborates the progress o

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Pidchosa, Oleksandr, and Anastasiya Hunda. "Scientific and Technological Cooperation under Belt and Road Initiative." Hong Kong Review of Belt and Road Studies, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 83–96. https://doi.org/10.63596/oborjournal.1.2023.83-96.

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As 2023 marks the 10th anniversary of China proposing the Belt and Road Initiative, we can observe the quantitative and qualitative development of scientific and technological cooperation under the BRI. The article discusses various spheres of sci-tech cooperation in space projects, logistics, industrial parks for maritime industries generating synergy between Maritime Silk Road and Digital Silk Road, and agriculture initiatives across several countries. Paper assumes that the cooperation under the BRI will further intensify in research, energy, communications, and transport by transferring Ch

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Meng, Xiangxu, and Dian Wang. "Income Distribution Effects of the Belt and Road Initiative." Sustainability 16, no. 13 (2024): 5384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16135384.

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The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) adheres to the principles of inclusive development, shared business interests, and collaborative construction. This paper empirically investigates the impact of the BRI on domestic income inequality in participating countries using national panel data from 2008 to 2023 and employing a difference-in-differences methodology. The findings indicate that the BRI significantly reduces domestic income inequality in participating countries. This effect is consistent across different geographic locations but is more pronounced in countries with lower levels of economi

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Ume Farwa. "Belt and Road Initiative and China’s Strategic Culture." Strategic Studies 38, no. 3 (2018): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.53532/ss.038.03.00143.

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China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) does not hinge on economy alone but it has strategic underpinnings and implications also. The role of Chinese perceptions and behaviours in designing and executing BRI has either been dismissed or taken as an explanation of last resort. Cultural values, norms, perceptions, self-perception and self-conception are essential to understanding a state’s strategies and policies. In this context, while applying the theoretical framework of “Strategic Culture,” this paper discusses the salient features of the Chinese strategic culture and explains how it reflects

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Fu, Jingyan. "We Should Push Countries along “Belt and Road Initiative” to Build Green Supply Chain." China and the World 01, no. 01 (2018): 1850006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2591729318500062.

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Building a green supply chain in the countries along the “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI) route will not only generate huge economic and ecological benefits, it will also profit people in these countries and encourage the people in these countries to identify with the BRI as well as advance the development of this Initiative. Therefore, this research suggests the Chinese government taking the lead in jointly building a green supply chain with countries along BRI after the “Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation” in July 2017.

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Lestari, Maharani Tri, and Andi Kurniawan. "Implikasi Belt Road Initiative di Kazakhstan Terhadap Konektivitas Ekspor ke Eropa." Jurnal Hubungan Internasional 17, no. 2 (2024): 499–518. https://doi.org/10.20473/jhi.v17i2.60592.

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Infrastruktur dan konektivitas merupakan salah satu kendala utama dalam kinerja perdagangan luar negeri Kazakhstan. Sebagai salah satu negara di Asia, Kazakhstan menghadapi tantangan serius dengan kualitas infrastruktur yang rendah. Permodalan menjadi isu utama dalam pengembangan infrastruktur ini, sehingga kehadiran investasi dari Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) yang dipimpin oleh China sangat disambut baik oleh Kazakhstan. Namun, efektivitas dan keberhasilan investasi ini menjadi pertanyaan yang menarik untuk didiskusikan, terutama karena ekspor Kazakhstan ke negara-negara sekitarnya tidak me

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Dar, Ku Boon, and Tan Chee Seng. "The Road and Belt Initiative in Malaysia: Challenges and Recommendations." Akademika 91, no. 3 (2022): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/akad-2021-9103-07.

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ABSTRACT In recent years, China has expanded its relations with other nations through the Belt and Road Initiative. This initiative was formally introduced after it was launched in 2013 by President Xi Jinping. It comprises two components, namely, the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative, both of which aim to stimulate the acceleration of economic growth in Asia, Africa and Europe. This research attempts to provide a detailed review of the execution of this initiative through empirical studies based on qualitative analysis, which are closely related to BRI

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Ooi, Ai-Yee, Nur Shahirah Azman, Andrew Tek Wei SAW, and Kit Yik Teoh. "IMPACT OF BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH." Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF) 20, no. 2 (2022): 120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v20i2.3970.

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Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been proposed by president of China in 2013, as the purpose of boosting developments and trade activities in China, Asia, Europe, Middle East and Africa. The study focuses on examining the impacts of BRI strategy towards the economic growth of 60 participated countries. Panel data analysis is used to determine the relationship of foreign direct investment, government expenditure, international trade, exchange rate and inflation rate with gross domestic production. We divide the sample into pre-and post-BRI covering from 2008-2013 and 2014-2020 respectively to

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Sayed, Qudrat Hashimy. "China's Belt-Road Initiative and Investment Strategies: A Two Pillar Approach to Afghanistan." International Journal of Science and Research 12, no. 1 (2022): 449–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7606463.

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Chinese investment in Afghanistan is part of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the country's major foreign policy initiative that aims to build land and maritime infrastructure links to support trade within and outside Asia. However, there are still significant concerns regarding including Afghanistan in the Belt and Road initiative. This article examines the impact of the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative and investment in the mineral resources of Afghanistan. The article concludes by discussing the challenges Kabul will face in reaping the benefits of participating in this extensive con

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Sayed, Qudrat Hashimy. "China's Belt-Road Initiative and Investment Strategies: A Two Pillar Approach to Afghanistan." World Affairs: The Journal of International Issues 27, no. 2 (2023): 100–110. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8222140.

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Chinese investment in Afghanistan is part of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the country's major foreign policy initiative that aims to build land and maritime infrastructure links to support trade within and outside Asia. However, there are still significant concerns regarding including Afghanistan in the Belt and Road initiative. This article examines the impact of the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative and investment in the mineral resources of Afghanistan. The article concludes by discussing the challenges Kabul will face in reaping the benefits of participating in this extensive con

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Pugacheva, O., and A. Pyatachkova. "South Korea’s Policy toward Belt and Road Initiative." World Economy and International Relations 65, no. 10 (2021): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-10-81-90.

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The article explores the Republic of Korea’s (ROK) position and policy toward China’s Belt and Road initiative (BRI). South Korea’s interests and intentions regarding linking of Moon Jae-in’s New Northern and New Southern Policies (in an earlier period – Park Geun-hye’s Eurasia Initiative) and China’s BRI are examined. The potential risks and factors that will influence such cooperation are defined, in particular the deepening of US–China rivalry in the region, fears of overdependence on China, instability on the Korean Peninsula, and costs associated with a slowdown in economic growth during

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