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Journal articles on the topic 'Belt conveyor systems'
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1
Goncharov, K. A. "Conceptual solutions for control systems of differential tensioners for belt conveyors." Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik Bryanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 7, no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 316–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22281/2413-9920-2021-07-04-316-327.
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Differential tensioning devices for belt conveyors in general and intermediate drives of extended conveyors in the form of closed traction loops are a new type of automatic tensioning devices that differ from other known designs by the presence of a stepwise discrete belt tension control system with separation of compensation functions for belt stretching under load and control of its tension during the operation of the conveyor in order to create optimal modes of belt loading. The article analyzes the well-known and practical concepts of belt conveyor control systems in general. The possibility of controlling the traction force realized by the intermediate belt drive by controlling the tension of the traction and load-carrying belts is shown. On the basis of the analysis, conceptual solutions for control systems for differential tensioning devices of belt conveyors are proposed with the possibility of both autonomous use and application in the structure of an integrated conveyor control system. Possible structures of linear parts of differential tensioning devices are presented, as well as options for the implementation of executive parts that directly move tensioning elements.
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Grinčová, Anna, Miriam Andrejiová, and Peter Grendel. "Application the Renewal Theory to Determining the Models of the Optimal Lifetime for Conveyor Belts." Applied Mechanics and Materials 683 (October 2014): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.683.97.
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Belt conveyance belongs to the continual transport systems characteristic with high-level conveying performances. Belt conveyors are of significant importance in the transportation of various types of materials in the industries like engineering, metallurgy and construction. The fundamental and the most expensive component of belt conveyors is the conveyor belt which is, during the operation on the belt conveyor, exposed to number of various loads that evoke the process of conveyor belt wear and damage. Lifetime of conveyor belts, which is the determining parameter for the belt conveyance economy and efficiency, is very important for the practice.Issues regarding the conveyor belt lifetime should be solved applying also the methods of operation analysis, especially the linear programming and the renewal theory that uses the theory of probability and mathematic statistics. The objective of our research was to determine the optimal lifetime (optimal performance duration) of a belt conveyor, applying the renewal theory, whereas the research was based on the cost approach of the renewal process.
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Marasova, Daniela, Michal Cehlar, Lubomir Ambrisko, Vladimir Taraba, and Nikola Staricna. "Innovations in Monitoring Conveyor Belts with Implemented RFID Technology." E3S Web of Conferences 105 (2019): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910503002.
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Belt conveyors are used as efficient conveyance systems for the continuous transportation of materials. However, they are also used for a wide range of applications in the transport of ores and non-metallic materials. The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system represents a key technology in many industries due to its ability of automatic data processing. The purpose of the present article is to discuss the implementation of RFID tags into fabric conveyor belts as carriers of the information on conveyor belts (ozone-induced ageing or accelerated thermal ageing, damage to cover layers and the carcass, and ignition). During the monitoring, it is important to record conveyor belt failures and damage causes, as well as other problems arising during the use of belt conveyors. The article presents the results of the experimental research on RFID tags and the analysis of their behaviour in accelerated thermal ageing. This facilitates simulating the conditions of hot vulcanisation of conveyor belts, especially when splicing (as well as producing) them, and of ozone-induced ageing of conveyor belts. The output of the article is the verification of the possibility to implement the RFID technology in the transport of mineral materials by belt conveyance systems in real operations.
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Molnár, Vieroslav, Gabriel Fedorko, Nikoleta Husáková, Ján Král' Jr., and Mirosław Ferdynus. "Energy calculation model of an outgoing conveyor with application of a transfer chute with the damping plate." Mechanical Sciences 7, no. 2 (August 17, 2016): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-7-167-2016.
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Abstract. The energy efficiency of transport systems consisting of several belt conveyors is significantly affected by re-direction. The proper sizing of several conveyor belts using deflector plates can significantly affect their efficiency. At present, there are no uniform rules (models) which specify the methodology and procedures for their design. This paper brings proposals of design of optimal parameters for energy-efficient operation of the transport system consisting of belt conveyors based on the new analytical simulation models. Recommendations for the practical application of transport systems at the transfer point have been designed according to optimization. The results are analysed in detail in three phases of shifting by means of a physical approach with the support of computing methods and simulation experiments with the transfer model. We can state that the direction and orientation of material impact have a direct influence on the conveyor's energy intensity. Thus, the inevitable condition for operation of arbitrary type of belt conveyor is to pay greater attention to the construction of the transfer model, particularly the intensity of the energy of the outgoing conveyor.
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Kiriia, R. V., V. F. Monastyrskyi, A. M. Smirnov, and B. I. Mostovyi. "Determination of critical inclination angle for the conveyer with pressure belt." Geo-Technical mechanics, no. 152 (2020): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/geotm2020.152.275.
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Today , steeply inclined belt conveyors with pressure belt are widely used in the world for transporting bulks. According to the literature, critical angle of these conveyors inclination varies from 35º to 90º. However, there is no sufficiently justified value of critical conveyor inclination angle. In this work, critical inclination angle of conveyor with pressure belt was determined for different states of the bulk on the conveyor depending on linear load of the bulk on the conveyor belt and the bulk properties. It was assumed that tangential stresses at each point of the bulk were balanced by the bulk gravity force projected towards the direction of conveyor belt movement and did not exceed critical tangential stresses in the bulk medium. In addition, the Coulomb's law of friction was applied for the forces of the bulk friction against the conveyor carrying and pressure belts. In this article, the authors consider cases when coefficient of the bulk internal friction is greater than coefficients of the bulk friction against conveyor carrying and pressure belts, and when coefficient of the bulk internal friction is less than coefficient of the bulk friction against the conveyor carrying belt. As a result of solving the obtained systems of the equilibrium equations for each of the above cases, the dependences of critical inclination angle of conveyor with pressure belt on the linear load of the bulk and linear weight of the pressure belt, as well as on coefficients of the bulk friction against the carrying and pressure conveyor belts and coefficient of the bulk internal friction load were determined. Analysis of the obtained dependencies showed that critical inclination angle of conveyor with pressure belt decreases with increase of linear load of the transported bulk. With an increase of coefficients of bulk friction against the conveyor carrying and pressure belts and coefficient of the bulk internal friction, critical inclination angle of conveyor with pressure belt increases. Besides, with increase of ratio between the pressure belt linear load and the bulk linear load, critical inclination angle of conveyor with pressure belt increases and tends to 90° when increase of this ratio is unlimited.
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Zakharov, Alexander, Boris Geike, Alexander Grigoryev, and Alla Zakharova. "Analysis of Devices to Detect Longitudinal Tear on Conveyor Belts." E3S Web of Conferences 174 (2020): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017403006.
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Currently mining enterprises more and more often use belt conveyors for mining operations. The length of transporting rock mass could be several kilometers, so in most cases conveyor are used. The transported rock mass is rather heterogeneous, as a rule, it has inclusions in a form of large pieces with sharp edges and, in some cases, metal objects, which might cause longitudinal tears of various lengths on conveyor belts. They lead to significant repair costs or replacement of expensive conveyor belt, loss of transported material, and downtime of the major enterprise equipment. In the world practice various devices and systems to detect longitudinal tears on conveyor belts have been developed for their successful operation. In this paper, there is analysis of existing devices to detect longitudinal tears on conveyor belts based on the use of mechanical (detection of the transported cargo on the lower the conveyor section and measuring the belt width), ultrasonic and electro-magnetic energy, evaluation of changes in the magnetic field configuration, computer vision, infrared laser and x-ray radiation, image recognition software and embedded transponder chips.
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Kulinowski, Piotr. "SIMULATION METHOD OF DESIGNING AND SELECTING TENSIONING SYSTEMS FOR MINING BELT CONVEYORS." Archives of Mining Sciences 59, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amsc-2014-0009.
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Abstract This article deals with a methodology developed to design and select tensioning systems with using simulation studies on a belt conveyor model. It describes the structure of a dynamic model of a belt conveyor with distributed parameters and details of physical models of the applied belt tensioning systems. For proper display and comparison of work described tensioning systems are shown examples of the results of simulations carried out on a discrete model of the mining belt conveyor. Presented methodology has been verified through industrial research and realization of a number of complex projects requiring simulation tests of take-up systems of belt conveyors.
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Guo, Xiaoqiang, Xinhua Liu, Hao Zhou, Rafal Stanislawski, Grzegorz Królczyk, and Zhixiong Li. "Belt Tear Detection for Coal Mining Conveyors." Micromachines 13, no. 3 (March 17, 2022): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13030449.
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The belt conveyor is the most commonly used conveying equipment in the coal mining industry. As the core part of the conveyor, the belt is vulnerable to various failures, such as scratches, cracks, wear and tear. Inspection and defect detection is essential for conveyor belts, both in academic research and industrial applications. In this paper, we discuss existing techniques used in industrial production and state-of-the-art theories for conveyor belt tear detection. First, the basic structure of conveyor belts is discussed and an overview of tear defect detection methods for conveyor belts is studied. Next, the causes of conveyor belt tear are classified, such as belt aging, scratches by sharp objects, abnormal load or a combination of the above reasons. Then, recent mainstream techniques and theories for conveyor belt tear detection are reviewed, and their characteristics, advantages and shortcomings are discussed. Furthermore, image dataset preparation and data imbalance problems are studied for belt defect detection. Moreover, the current challenges and opportunities for conveyor belt defect detection are discussed. Lastly, a case study was carried out to compare the detection performance of popular techniques using industrial image datasets. This paper provides professional guidelines and promising research directions for researchers and engineers based on the leading theories in machine vision and deep learning.
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KİRENLİ, Savaş, and Recep DEMİRSÖZ. "Effects of Different Splicing Methods on Conveyor Belt Strength." European Journal of Technic 12, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36222/ejt.1086915.
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Conveyor belts are mechanisms that provide continuous transfer of any product from one place to another. Belt conveyor systems are at the forefront of the systems that minimize the need for people in the transportation of materials. In this way, it is inevitable to achieve both time and cost savings. With the continuous development of today's technology, it develops in the improvements in belt conveyor systems. Owing to the innovations and improvements in the conveyor belts, it becomes possible to minimize the maintenance, repair and undesired stoppages of the facilities. In this study, specimens extracted from a conveyor belt with a width of 800 mm, with a tensile strength of 45 N/mm2, 4 layers of polyester-polyamide blend cord fabric, 6 mm rubber bottom coating thickness and 3 mm rubber top coating thickness were used. The specimens were taken in three different ways (from the unspliced belt, from the mechanically spliced belt and from the vulcanized belt). The specimens taken from the spliced conveyor belts were subjected to the tensile test. The strength values of the belt specimens, from high to low, are in the form of unspliced belt, vulcanized belt and mechanically spliced belt. Among these applications, it has been observed that the mechanical splicing method is easier in terms of application than other splicing methods. It has been observed that the time required for maintenance and repair of the mechanical splicing method is between 1 and 2 hours, and the time required for the splicing method with vulcanization is between 6 and 8 hours. It has been understood that the mechanical method is advantageous over the vulcanization method in terms of the application time of the belt splicing method.
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Ganesh Sampath, V., Kadaverla Abhishek, and N. C. Lenin. "Design, Development and Electromagnetic Analysis of a Linear Induction Motor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 852 (September 2016): 794–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.852.794.
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Linear induction motors (LIMs) are a very effective drive mechanism for actuation and transportation systems. LIMs are capable of generating a non adhesive thrust force, providing both propulsion and levitation forces and is hence considered as a promising propulsion system [1]. LIMs are used in rapid transportation, baggage handling conveyors (belt conveyors), crane drives, theme park rides, induction pumps, impact extrusion machines, flexible manufacturing systems etc. This is attributed to various advantages LIMs have such as, high starting thrust, simple mechanical design and construction, alleviation of gears between motor and the motion device, no backlash, small friction and sustainability for low speed and high speed applications making LIM a strong candidate in applications with linear motion. Force can be uniformly applied to the conveyor belt over a wide area without any mechanical contact by using LIMs to drive conveyor belts, making the drive independent of frictional losses between the rollers and belt. This paper presents a design guide for a longitudinal flux single sided linear induction motor for conveyor application. The design parameters have been verified using two dimensional finite element analysis (2D-FEA). Test results imply the features of LIM that make it a strong candidate for simple conveyor applications.
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Kawalec, Witold, Natalia Suchorab, Martyna Konieczna-Fuławka, and Robert Król. "Specific Energy Consumption of a Belt Conveyor System in a Continuous Surface Mine." Energies 13, no. 19 (October 7, 2020): 5214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195214.
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Belt conveyor (BC) transportation systems are considered to be the most effective for handling large volumes of bulk material. With regards to the rules of sustainable development, the improvement of belt conveyor technology is, in many cases, focused on environmental issues, which include the idea of energy usage optimization. The key issue in an energy-efficient transportation system is reducing the value of specific energy consumption (SEC) by increasing conveyor capacity whilst decreasing belt conveyor motion resistance. The main idea of this paper is to conduct an analysis of the modernization of existing belt conveyor transportation systems operated in open-pit lignite mines, in order to achieve relatively small electric energy consumption for a considered transportation task. The first part of the paper investigates the relationship between a conveyor’s SEC and material flow rate for various conveyor design parameters. Then, based on multi-parameter simulations, an analysis of electric energy consumption for a belt conveyor transportation system is carried out. Finally, an energy-saving, environmentally friendly solution is presented.
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Shareef, Israa R., and Hiba K. Hussein. "Implementation of artificial neural network to achieve speed control and power saving of a belt conveyor system." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 2 (110) (April 30, 2021): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.224137.
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According to the importance of the conveyor systems in various industrial and service lines, it is very desirable to make these systems as efficient as possible in their work. In this paper, the speed of a conveyor belt (which is in our study a part of an integrated training robotic system) is controlled using one of the artificial intelligence methods, which is the Artificial Neural Network (ANN). A visions sensor will be responsible for gathering information about the status of the conveyor belt and parts over it, where, according to this information, an intelligent decision about the belt speed will be taken by the ANN controller. ANN will control the alteration in speed in a way that gives the optimized energy efficiency through the conveyor belt motion. An optimal speed controlling mechanism of the conveyor belt is presented by detecting smartly the parts' number and weights using the vision sensor, where the latter will give sufficient visualization about the system. Then image processing will deliver the important data to ANN, which will optimally decide the best conveyor belt speed. This decided speed will achieve the aim of power saving in belt motion. The proposed controlling system will optimally switch the speed of the conveyor belt system to ON, OFF and idle status in order to minimize the consumption of energy in the conveyor belt. As the conveyor belt is fully loaded it moves at its maximum speed. But if the conveyor is partially loaded, the speed will be adjusted accordingly by the ANN. If no loading existed, the conveyor will be stopped. By this way, a very significant energy amount in addition to cost will be saved. The developed conveyor belt system will modernize industrial manufacturing lines, besides reducing energy consumption and cost and increasing the conveyor belts lifetime
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Elahi, Mahboob, Samuel Olaiya Afolaranmi, Wael M. Mohammed, and Jose Luis Martinez Lastra. "Energy-Based Prognostics for Gradual Loss of Conveyor Belt Tension in Discrete Manufacturing Systems." Energies 15, no. 13 (June 27, 2022): 4705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134705.
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This paper presents a data-driven approach for the prognosis of the gradual behavioural deterioration of conveyor belts used for the transportation of pallets between processing workstations of discrete manufacturing systems. The approach relies on the knowledge of the power consumption of a conveyor belt motor driver. Data are collected for two separate cases: the static case and dynamic case. In the static case, power consumption data are collected under different loads and belt tension. These data are used by a prognostic model (artificial neural network (ANN)) to learn the conveyor belt motor driver’s power consumption pattern under different belt tensions and load conditions. The data collected during the dynamic case are used to investigate how the belt tension affects the movement of pallets between conveyor zones. During the run time, the trained prognostic model takes real-time power consumption measurements and load information from a testbench (a discrete multirobot mobile assembling line) and predicts a belt tension class. A consecutive mismatch between the predicted belt tension class and optimal belt tension class is an indication of failure, i.e., a gradual loss of belt tension. Hence, maintenance steps must be taken to avoid further catastrophic situations such as belt slippages on head pulleys, material slippages and belt wear and tear.
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Bajda, Mirosław, and Monika Hardygóra. "Analysis of the Influence of the Type of Belt on the Energy Consumption of Transport Processes in a Belt Conveyor." Energies 14, no. 19 (September 28, 2021): 6180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196180.
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Results of tests into the energy-efficiency of belt conveyor transportation systems indicate that the energy consumption of their drive mechanisms can be limited by lowering the main resistances in the conveyor. The main component of these resistances is represented by belt indentation rolling resistance. Limiting its value will allow a reduction in the amount of energy consumed by the drive mechanisms. This article presents a test rig which enables uncomplicated evaluations of such rolling resistances. It also presents the results of comparative tests performed for five steel-cord conveyor belts. The tests involved a standard belt, a refurbished belt and three energy-saving belts. As temperature significantly influences the values of belt indentation rolling resistance, the tests were performed in both positive and negative temperatures. The results indicate that when compared with the standard belt, the refurbished and the energy-efficient belts generate higher and lower indentation rolling resistances, respectively. In order to demonstrate practical advantages resulting from the use of energy-saving belts, this article also includes calculations of the power demand of a conveyor drive mechanism during one calendar year, as measured on a belt conveyor operated in a mine. The replacement of a standard belt with a refurbished belt generates a power demand higher by 4.8%, and with an energy-efficient belt—lower by 15.3%.
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Stachowiak, Maria, Wioletta Koperska, Paweł Stefaniak, Artur Skoczylas, and Sergii Anufriiev. "Procedures of Detecting Damage to a Conveyor Belt with Use of an Inspection Legged Robot for Deep Mine Infrastructure." Minerals 11, no. 10 (September 25, 2021): 1040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11101040.
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Conveying systems are responsible for a large part of continuous horizontal transportation in underground mines. The total length of a conveyor network can reach hundreds of kilometers, while a single conveyor usually has a route length of about 0.5–2 km. The belt is a critical and one of the most costly components of the conveyor, and damage to it can result in long unexpected stoppages of production. This is why proper monitoring of conveyor belts is crucial for continuous operation. In this article, algorithms for the detection of potential damage to a conveyor belt are described. The algorithms for analysis used video recordings of a moving belt conveyor, which, in case the of hazardous conditions of deep mines, can be collected, for example, by a legged autonomous inspection robot. The video was then analyzed frame by frame. In this article, algorithms for edge damage detection, belt deviation, and conveyor load estimation are described. The main goal of the research was to find a potential application for image recognition to detect damage to conveyor belts in mines.
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Kulinowski, Piotr, Piotr Kasza, and Jacek Zarzycki. "The Analysis of Effectiveness of Conveyor Belt Tensioning Systems." New Trends in Production Engineering 3, no. 1 (August 1, 2020): 283–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2020-0023.
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AbstractThe publication presents the evaluation of the effectiveness of belt tensioning systems based on the results of model laboratory tests. The types of tensioning devices most commonly used in industry were selected for testing: winch, gravity, pneumatic and follower. The evaluation of the efficiency of belt tensioning devices is complex, as the tensioning system is not autonomous and is only part of the belt conveyor equipment. Therefore, the publication presents the impact of belt tension force on the durability of basic conveyor components such as the belt and its joints, and drums. The characteristics of the tested belt tensioning devices are presented and the construction and research capabilities of the laboratory model of the belt conveyor are described. Measuring systems mounted on the conveyor are described in detail, enabling recording of variable conveyor operating conditions, measuring belt speed, driving force and belt stress. The results of the research are the experimental static characteristics of the most commonly used tensioning devices, which show the relationship between the drive moment and the belt tensioning force. Obtained characteristics will allow the development of guidelines for the design and selection of the most effective belt tensioning devices.
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Gondek, Horst, Jiří Neruda, and Jiří Pokorný. "The Dynamics of Impacts Tools the Loading Boom Bucket Wheel Excavators." Applied Mechanics and Materials 683 (October 2014): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.683.213.
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One of the major problems of long-distance belt conveyor technology, and not only in the North Bohemian mines, are impacts of rock blocks on the belts which increases the belts wear and reduces their service life. Therefore, in this paper there are widely discussed the rock impacts dynamics, a new type of device - the impact rods intended for significant reducing the number of punctures in the conveyor belts and thus for prolongation of their service life and modeling of the proposed devices. Application of the impact rods is estimated in the impact stands of the systems of conveyors removing the coal extracted by the bucket wheel excavator KU 300.
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Kinoshita, Shinya, Kazuya Okubo, and Toru Fujii. "A Simple Method for Estimating the Driving Resistance of Rubber Conveyer Belts by Using a Self-Traveling Roller." Applied Mechanics and Materials 330 (June 2013): 274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.330.274.
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The purpose of this study is to provide a simple method for estimating the driving resistance of rubber conveyer belts. The driving resistance of a rubber belt running on the carrier roller was estimated by a resistance force acting on a roller moving on the rubber conveyer belt while the belt was fixed on an aluminum channel. Four types of conveyor belts were tested to confirm the present technique is useful for grading rubber conveyer belts from a viewpoint of energy dissipation on the carrier rollers of the conveyer system. The effects of normal force acting on the roller and driving speed of the roller on the resistance force were investigated. Four belts were fabricated with different rubber types of rubber, respectively. It was confirmed from the experiments that the estimated resistance force varied with respect to the rubber characteristics, which was consistent to the experience from the existing belt conveyer systems for energy consumption. The resistance force of the carrier roller increases with an increase of roller speed. It also decreases when a lower damping rubber is used while the belt rigidity does not affect the resistance force when low resistance rubber is used. The proposed method is applicable to estimate the total energy loss of rubber conveyer belts on the carrier rollers.
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Elbadawi, I., M. A. Ashmawy, W. A. Yusmawiza, I. A. Chaudhry, N. B. Ali, and A. Ahmad. "Application of Failure Mode Effect and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) to a Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) Conveyor Belt." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 3 (June 19, 2018): 3023–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2043.
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Fault finding and failure predicting techniques in manufacturing and production systems often involve forecasting failures, their effects, and occurrences. The majority of these techniques predict failures that may appear during the regular system production time. However, they do not estimate the failure modes and they require extensive source code instrumentation. In this study, we suggest an approach for predicting failure occurrences and modes during system production time intervals at the University of Hail (UoH). The aim of this project is to implement failure mode effect and criticality analysis (FMECA) on computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) conveyors to determine the effect of various failures on the CIM conveyor belt by ranking and prioritizing each failure according to its risk priority number (RPN). We incorporated the results of FMECA in the development of formal specifications of fail-safe CIM conveyor belt systems. The results show that the highest RPN values are for motor over current failure (450), conveyor chase of vibration (400), belt run off at the head pulley (200), accumulated dirt (180), and Bowed belt (150). The study concludes that performing FMECA is highly effective in improving CIM conveyor belt reliability and safety in the mechanical engineering workshop at UoH.
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Pihnastyi, O. M., and S. M. Cherniavska. "Analysis of stress in the conveyor belt (Maxwell–element model)." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 4 (2021): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2021-4/074.
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longitudinal dynamic stresses and investigate the peculiarities of the propagation of dynamic stresses along the route of material transportation. Methodology. To calculate the value of static and dynamic stresses arising in the conveyor belt, the apparatus of mathematical physics was used. Findings. A wave equation is written that determines the propagation of longitudinal vibrations in a conveyor belt, the material of which corresponds to the Maxwell-element model. An expression is obtained for calculating the speed of propagation of elastic vibrations along the conveyor belt, the frequency of vibrations and their wavelength. The characteristic relaxation time of disturbances is determined. The method of successive approximation was used to solve the wave equation. The estimation of the characteristic time of acceleration of the conveyor belt, at which there is no destruction of the material of the conveyor belt, is given. Originality. PDE-models of conveyor-type transport systems are improved, which are used to design belt speed control systems under restrictions on speed control modes. It is shown that under the modes of acceleration or deceleration of the conveyor belt, the effects associated with the occurrence and propagation of dynamic stresses along the conveyor belt, due to the characteristics of the material corresponding to the Maxwell-element model, are insignificant. Practical value. The results obtained make it possible to determine the limitations on the modes of acceleration or deceleration of the conveyor belt, preventing its damage and increased wear. This opens up prospects for designing effective control systems for the parameters of a conveyor belt, unevenly loaded with material along the transport route.
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Sun, Xiaoxia, Yongqi Wang, and Wenjun Meng. "Evaluation System of Curved Conveyor Belt Deviation State Based on the ARIMA–LSTM Combined Prediction Model." Machines 10, no. 11 (November 8, 2022): 1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10111042.
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The deviation of conveyor belts is a key factor that restricts material conveying efficiency of horizontal curves. An evaluation system of the deviation state of curve conveyor belt based on the ARIMA–LSTM combined prediction model is proposed in this study to investigate the deviation state of the conveyor belt. This system has been used for detection, prediction, deviation correction, and early warning of the conveyor belt deviation state. First, the experiment system of the conveyor belt deviation was built. The conveyor belt deviation images were collected using the machine vision method, and the conveyor belt deviation state data set was established. Second, the mechanical model of curve conveyor belt deviation is presented and solved. The correctable deviation range of the idler frame under different elevations and trough angles was obtained by solving the problem. Third, the ARIMA–LSTM combined prediction model of conveyor belt deviation based on series-parallel weighing method was put forward. The analysis results showed that the ARIMA–LSTM combined prediction model is suitable for the prediction of conveyor belt deviation in terms of accuracy, fitting degree, time, and performance. Finally, the deviation state evaluation system was established to realize the visual fusion of the ARIMA–LSTM combined model in the range of correctable deviation of the idler frame. The OCSVM algorithm was used to detect the abnormal deviation of the conveyor belt. The experiment shows that the evaluation system can predict and send out early warning signals according to the detection results, provide corresponding suggestions for adjusting the deviation correction angle, and realize an efficient and intelligent solution for the evaluation of the curved section belt deviation state.
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Nuttall, Ashley J. G., and Gabriël Lodewijks. "Dynamics of Multiple Drive Belt Conveyor Systems." Particle & Particle Systems Characterization 24, no. 4-5 (November 2007): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.200601118.
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Zeng, Fei, Cheng Yan, Qing Wu, and Tao Wang. "Dynamic Behaviour of a Conveyor Belt Considering Non-Uniform Bulk Material Distribution for Speed Control." Applied Sciences 10, no. 13 (June 27, 2020): 4436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10134436.
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For the conveyor belt, variable material flow influences the energy efficiency of the speed control technology significantly. The fluctuation of material flow on the conveyor belt will lead to the detrimental vibrations on both the belt and the conveyor while the conveyor works at certain speeds. In order to improve the model inaccuracy caused by the uniform bulk material flow assumption in the current conveyor belt model, the paper establishes a high-precision dynamic model that can consider speed control of a conveyor belt under non-uniform bulk material transportation. In this dynamic model, a non-uniform bulk material distribution model is firstly proposed based on laser scanning technology. Then, a high-precision longitudinal dynamic model is proposed to investigate the dynamic behavior of a belt conveyor. Considering the micro-units of actual load on a conveyor belt, it can well describe the transient state of the conveyor belt. These models can be used to determine the optimal speed for safety and energy conservation in operation. Experimental results are used to validate the proposed dynamic model for analyzing belt mechanical behavior under non-uniform bulk material distribution on the belt. The results show that the proposed models can be used for optimizing the operating procedures of belt conveyor systems.
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Bortnowski, Piotr, Lech Gładysiewicz, Robert Król, and Maksymilian Ozdoba. "Models of Transverse Vibration in Conveyor Belt—Investigation and Analysis." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 9, 2021): 4153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144153.
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The transverse vibration frequency of conveyor belts is an important parameter describing the dynamic characteristics of a belt conveyor. This parameter is most often identified from theoretical relationships, which are derived on the basis of an assumption that the belt is a stationary elastic string. Belt vibrations have a number of analogies to other tension member systems, such as, for example, power transmission belts. Some research findings suggest that in the case of a limited length of the belt section, a more accurate description of its vibration can be obtained with a beam model rather than with a string model. Experimental research has so far mostly revolved around measurements of stationary belts. This article presents the results of vibration measurements performed for a moving belt and obtained for various operating parameters of the conveyor, as well as for several configurations of the distance between idler supports. The analysis was conducted on a moving steel-cord belt. Belts of this type are commonly used in the majority of mines and industrial plants. The measurement results were compared with the model of a string and with the model of a beam in tension. Both of the theoretical models allowed for the belt speed, whose influence was demonstrated in both theoretical calculations and experimental tests to be negligible. On the other hand, the tensile force in the belt was observed to have a significant impact on the vibration frequency. Depending on the idler spacing, the measurement results are approximate to those of the beam model or of the string model. For spacing smaller than 1.6 m, the belt shows properties approximate to an elastic beam, while for spacing greater than 1.6 m, the belt behaviour can be better represented through a string model. A beam model is, therefore, more applicable in analyses of vibrations in the upper strand of the belt, while a string model is more useful in analyses of vibrations in the lower strand.
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Mathaba, Tebello, and Xiaohua Xia. "Optimal and energy efficient operation of conveyor belt systems with downhill conveyors." Energy Efficiency 10, no. 2 (July 8, 2016): 405–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-016-9461-8.
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Kiriia, Ruslan, and Leonid Shyrin. "Reducing the energy consumption of the conveyor transport system of mining enterprises." E3S Web of Conferences 109 (2019): 00036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910900036.
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The article deals with the actual issue of reducing the energy consumption of the mining enterprises conveyor transport system. The analysis of energy loss by conveyor belt during transportation of bulk load is given. A comparative analysis of energy losses in the cases of regulation and non-regulation of the speed of the conveyor belt is given. It was found that when regulating the speed of conveyor belt in the case of reducing the value of the load flow entering to the conveyor by half the loss of electricity for the transportation of load is reduced by 30 % compared to the unregulated speed of the belt. The energy efficiency criterion of the conveyor transport system is determined, which coincides with the specific energy capacity equal to the ratio of the average energy capacity of the transportation of load to the transport system average carrying capacity. It has also been established that for conveyor transport systems conveyor– bunker–conveyor, taking into account the downtime of conveyor equipment while regulating the speed of conveyor, energy losses are reduced by 23 %. The research results can be used to create a computer control system for the operation of conveyor transport systems.
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Lou, Guo Huan, Hai Li Yin, and Shu Jie Li. "Application of Frequency Converter Driver in Long Belt Conveyor." Advanced Materials Research 340 (September 2011): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.340.19.
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With the frequency converter for driving belt conveyor, the synchronous control of torque and speed for the belt-drive unit can be achieved and the start-up characteristics of belt conveyor can also be improved. This paper uses two methods for achieving synchronous drive of belt conveyor, one is synchronization through master-slave control of frequency converter itself, the second is adding external algorithm implemented by PLC systems. This article describes a variable-frequency adjustable-speed drive system used for long distance belt conveyor in mine main inclined shaft or ground. This frequency conversion device and system can be applied to the adjustable-speed drive process of constant torque load for conveyor.
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Sakharwade, Sanjay G., and Shubharata Nagpal. "Analysis of Transient Belt Stretch for Horizontal and Inclined Belt Conveyor System." International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 4, no. 5 (October 1, 2019): 1169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2019.4.5-092.
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Belt is costliest part of belt conveyor system. Sudden rise in belt tension within transient starting condition, results in belt failure and structure damage. It is difficult to measure these stresses by static calculation method and hence their presence might go undetected. Belt elongation is an evident quantity for these stresses. Dynamic belt stretch is formulated in terms of displacement response of conjugative belt units with respect to time. This paper presents analysis of the event and propagation of dynamic belt stretch for straight horizontal and straight inclined belt conveyor system. Dynamic behavior of belt system is investigated for starting condition of fully stacked conveyor belt. Belt conveyor system is considered as series of vibrating mass and its unit is assumed to be a viscoelastic segment. Equation of motion of belt unit is developed by Lagrange’s approach. Observed transient parameters are more vibrant in inclined belt than the horizontal belt system. Maximum value of dynamic belt stretch for horizontal belt systems founds 1.13% of total belt length and for inclined belt conveyor system, it is 1.16% of belt length. Both values are within range of standard value specified for fabric belt system.
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Galkin, V. I. "Assessment of conveyor belt monitoring systems in mining." Mining Informational and analytical bulletin 3 (2019): 166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2019-03-0-166-174.
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Bobojanov, Maxsud Kalandarovich, Oripovich Eshmurodov Ziyodulla, Muhriddin Tulkin ugli Ismoilov, Eldor Izam ugli Arziev, and Gulnoza Ziyodullaevna Togaeva. "Study of the efficiency of conveyors of mining transport systems of mining complexes." E3S Web of Conferences 177 (2020): 03023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017703023.
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The current stage of development of open-pit mining is characterized by mining operations at great depths. Increasing the depth of quarries leads to an increase in the volume and distance of transportation of overburden and ore. Therefore, the task of building energy-efficient transport systems, improving the efficiency of existing belt conveyors of mining transport systems is one of the most urgent tasks. The article examines the efficiency of belt conveyors in mining transport systems mining complexes . Various electric drive systems that can be used on conveyors are compared. We have studied the relative inclination that affects the efficiency of conveyors, as well as parameters related to energy consumption, such as the speed of the belt or the width of the belt, as well as design methods. Various methods of controlling adjustable and non-adjustable electric drives and drag distribution effects drag distribution depending on the flow, the dependence of the belt tilt speed range on the flow, the dependence of power on the flow and the influence of gravity, the energy consumption of the conveyor system is calculated for different traction forces.
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Pihnastyi, Oleh, and Maksym Olehovych Sobol. "STRESS ANALYSIS IN A CONVEYOR BELT FOR THE MAXWELL MODEL OF ELASTIC ELEMENT." Bulletin of the National Technical University «KhPI» Series: Dynamics and Strength of Machines, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2078-9130.2022.1.265430.
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The mechanism of propagation of longitudinal dynamic stresses in a conveyor belt, the material of which corresponds to the Maxwell model of an elastic element, is considered. The features of the occurrence of longitudinal vibrations in the material of the conveyor belt for the section of the transport system equipped with asynchronous motors are considered. It is shown that the acceleration of the conveyor belt occurs as a result of an abrupt change in the traction moment of the asynchronous electric motor when the power consumption of the conveyor section changes. The process of acceleration/deceleration of the conveyor belt is periodic and is determined by the uneven distribution of material along the transport route. This imposes additional restrictions on the synthesis of algorithms for optimal control of the conveyor belt speed. Accounting for uneven distribution of material along the transport route is based on an analytical PiKh-model of the conveyor section. To analyze the longitudinal vibrations in the conveyor belt section of the transport system, the wave equation is written and the boundary conditions are substantiated. An estimate of the propagation velocity of longitudinal vibrations in the conveyor belt is given. A solution of the wave equation based on the method of successive approximations is obtained, which determines the dynamics of the propagation of dynamic stresses along the conveyor belt. An estimate of the value of the characteristic acceleration time of the belt, which determines the continuous mode of operation of the transport conveyor section, is given. The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in the improvement of the control systems for the flow parameters of the transport system in the presence of restrictions associated with the occurrence of longitudinal vibrations in the conveyor belt. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the construction of a methodology for calculating the limitations of the acceleration/deceleration mode of a conveyor belt unevenly loaded with material along the transport route.
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Ogunmilua, Olutayo Opeyemi. "Establishing failure patterns of a Belt Conveyor System configuration." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 1030–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38569.
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Abstract: The conveyor belt is one of the most operational critical equipment’s in the mining industry, they are mostly used in the transportation of crushed materials from the crushing station to where there’ll be further processed. Due to the increasing complexity of belt conveyor systems, managing their integrity has become even more difficult, as they are now used across various industries, environments and carry materials of different weight variations, leaving them susceptible to failures (1). This paper provides an industry specific knowledge on belt conveyor systems, their respective components, and how they are configured using fault tree analysis to predict the different branches of event that can contribute to the failure of a belt conveyor system. The use of fault tree analysis sheds more light on how cascading failures can occur, where the failure of one component leads to the failure of the overall system. (2) Keywords: RCFA, FMEA Opex, FTA, Capex, Eca, Ttf, Ttr.
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Yun, Y. N., H. M. Zhang, and C. J. Li. "Automatic Detection Apparatus Development of Steel Cord Conveyor Belt." Key Engineering Materials 455 (December 2010): 516–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.455.516.
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Steel core belts are widely used in long-distance, large capacity, large angle of mine, metallurgy, port, electricity and other departments of the large-scale transportation systems. According to incomplete statistics, this kind of belt accident 93.75% occurred in the joints and most are due to joints tic was not timely detected. Hence, non-destructive detection of belt is the key to the whole transportation system’s safety. For steel core belt automatic detection technology, deep research has been carried out at home and abroad. Detection apparatus was developed based on the electromagnetic theory and principle of X-ray, however, some varying defects existed in the industrial applications. Automatic detection apparatus of steel cord conveyor belt, developed by Pingdingshan Industry Polytechnic College and Shanxi Huaning Beier Measurement & Control Co. Ltd., integrated both advantages of electromagnetic detection and X-ray detection. It overcomes the difficulties of X-ray machine explosion proof and long time radiation. This kind of automatic detection apparatus has been installed and worked well in more than 30 mines and achieved good economic and social benefits since it was installed in Zhong Ping Energy Chemical Group’s 12th main slope conveyor.
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Al-Kahwati, Kammal, Wolfgang Birk, Evert Flygel Nilsfors, and Rune Nilsen. "Experiences of a Digital Twin Based Predictive Maintenance Solution for Belt Conveyor Systems." PHM Society European Conference 7, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36001/phme.2022.v7i1.3355.
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Availability of belt conveyor systems is essential in production and logistic lines to safeguard production and delivery targets to customers. In this paper, experiences from commissioning, validation, and operation of an interactive predictive maintenance solution are reported. The solution and its development is formerly presented in Al-Kahwati et.al. (Al-Kahwati, Saari, Birk, & Atta, 2021), where the principles to derive a digital twin of a typical belt conveyor system comprising component-level degradation models,estimation schemes for the remaining useful life and the degradation rate, and vision-based hazardous object detection. Furthermore, the validation approach of modifying the belt conveyor and thus exploiting the idler misalignment load (IML) for the degradation predictions for individual components (including long-lasting ones) together with the actionable insights for the decision support is presented and assessed. Moreover, the approach to testing and validation of the object detection and its performance is assessed and presented in the same manner. An overall system assessment is then given and concludes the paper together with lessons learned. As pilot site for the study a belt conveyor system at LKAB Narvik in northern Norway is used.
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Kasza, Piotr, Piotr Kulinowski, and Jacek Zarzycki. "The Influence of an Operating Conditions on the Friction Coefficient in Transportation Machines Drives." New Trends in Production Engineering 3, no. 1 (August 1, 2020): 294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2020-0024.
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AbstractThe publication presents the construction of the station for testing the friction coefficient under high pressure and low slip velocity values. These conditions of cooperation of friction pairs occur in the drives of transport machines such as belt conveyors and suspended monorails. The value of the friction coefficient, depending on the operating conditions such as moisture and rock or coal dust pollution, has a significant impact on the correct and efficient operation of such drives. The features of the station allow mapping the operating conditions on a laboratory scale. As part of the research, appropriate friction samples made of rubber or polyurethane were prepared. Referring to the conditions of conveyor operation and conditions of contact of the conveyor belt with the drive drum, the values of unit pressures and values of slip speed occurring in the drum drive of the belt conveyor were determined. A series of laboratory tests were carried out for the friction pair rubber drum lining – conveyor belt cover. The tests were carried out for four different states of friction vapor surfaces, namely for dry and wet samples, as well as for samples in clean or contaminated with stone dust. As a result of the tests, the values of friction coefficients for various surface states were determined, which will be valuable information for designers of friction drive systems of transport devices.
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Ogunmilua, Olutayo Opeyemi. "Failure Rate Prediction of Belt Conveyor Systems using 2-parameter Weibull distribution." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 1035–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38570.
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Abstract: The conveyor belt is one of the most operational critical equipment’s in the mining industry, they are mostly used in the transportation of crushed materials from the crushing station to where there’ll be further processed. Due to the increasing complexity of belt conveyor systems, managing their integrity has become even more difficult, as they are now used across various industries, environments and carry materials of different weight variations, leaving them susceptible to failures (1). This paper provides an industry specific knowledge on how Weibull analysis can be used to predict the failure rate of a conveyor belt system, using parameters such as the time to failure (TTF), installation and failure dates, as determinant parameters for the predictions. Several Weibull failure distributions and functions have been used to establish accuracy of results and to create comparisons on the different ways in which risk, unreliability and availability are quantified, using calculated values such as the Shape and scale parameter. The paper utilizes real world case studies in the area of mining, which sheds light on key component failures and their cut sets within the conveyor belt system (2) Keywords: TTF, TTR, Threshold parameter, Repair date, Shape parameter, B10, B15, B20, Scale parameter, ECA, CDF, PDF
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Pihnastyi, Oleh, and Svіtlana Chernіavska. "Using the asymptotic approximation of the Maxwell element model for the analysis of stress in a conveyor belt." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 6, no. 7 (114) (December 21, 2021): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.247526.
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The features of the propagation of dynamic stresses in a conveyor belt, the material properties of which correspond to the Maxwell element model, are considered. Analytical expressions are presented for calculating the dynamic elastic modulus, the loss modulus, and the angle of mechanical loss depending on the frequency of longitudinal oscillations in the belt of an extended transport conveyor. To analyze the dynamic stress propagation process, dimensionless parameters are introduced that characterize the specific features of the viscoelastic process in a conveyor belt, the material properties of which correspond to the Maxwell element model. The transition to the dimensionless Maxwell element model is made and the analysis of the relationship between stress and deformation of a conveyor belt element for extremely large and small values of dimensionless parameters is made. The substantiation of the scope of the Maxwell element model is given. It is shown that at sufficiently high frequencies of longitudinal stress oscillations in a conveyor belt, at which the oscillation period is much less than the characteristic oscillation decay time, the relationship between stress and deformation of the conveyor belt element corresponds to Hooke's law. A qualitative analysis of the relaxation time was carried out for a conveyor belt material, the properties of which correspond to the Maxwell element model. The analysis of the propagation of dynamic stresses in the conveyor belt for the characteristic operating modes of the transport conveyor is carried out. The conveyor operating mode with a constant deformation rate of the belt element; the mode in which a constant load is suddenly applied to the belt element; the conveyor operating mode with an instantly applied load to the belt element were investigated. It was determined that in cases where the characteristic process time significantly exceeds the stress relaxation time in the conveyor belt or the longitudinal oscillation period is much less than the stress relaxation time in the conveyor belt, the Maxwell element model can be replaced with a sufficient degree of accuracy by the Hooke element model.
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Kawalec, Witold, Robert Król, and Natalia Suchorab. "Regenerative Belt Conveyor versus Haul Truck-Based Transport: Polish Open-Pit Mines Facing Sustainable Development Challenges." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (November 5, 2020): 9215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219215.
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The mining industry is facing sustainable development challenges, among which the energy efficiency issues seem to be of major importance. As transport of the mined ore is considered as one of the most energy intensive operations, the improvement of its energy efficiency is a key indicator in terms of sustainable actions taken by mining companies. In open-pit mines, the material handling operations are mostly performed with trucks. Their electrified version—truck trolley systems—surpass diesel trucks’ efficiency while comparing the increased production capacity and the reduction of maintenance cost and fuel consumption. The paper analyzes the opportunities and benefits of the replacement of an ore transport system based on hauling trucks with a regenerative belt conveying in an open-pit mine. Presented case study has been analyzed from energy consumption and environmental impact reduction perspectives. Generally, conception of a regenerative conveyor is based on recuperation of energy or continuous braking needed while a conveyor is running downhill. Energy generated during the braking process (converted from the potential gravitational energy of the conveyed material) is fed back to the electrical grid. Then the regenerative conveyor can be considered as a machine that mines energy as an additional by-product of an exploited deposit. It was shown that difference in transportation cost between haul trucks and energy efficient regenerative conveyors is around 95%. The paper points the conditioning elements to allow the implementation of a regenerative belt conveyor system.
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Yu, Sheng Zhe, Yan Yu, and Ning Yu. "Analysis and Comparison of Soft-Start Systems Applied to Belt Conveyors." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 1597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.1597.
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For soft-start system of for belt conveyor with long-distance and high-power, this essay, combining with lots of mechatronics research, design, application and commissioning work related with belt conveyor, researched and analyzed structure and governor principle of soft-start devices or systems successfully applied in coal mines or other industries. Furthermore, it evaluated each type of soft-starters in technical and economic aspects, which will play a guiding role in reasonable selection and application of soft starting devices.
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Krol, Robert, Witold Kawalec, and Lech Gladysiewicz. "An Effective Belt Conveyor for Underground Ore Transportation Systems." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 95 (December 2017): 042047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/95/4/042047.
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Zhang, Shirong, and Xiaohua Xia. "Optimal control of operation efficiency of belt conveyor systems." Applied Energy 87, no. 6 (June 2010): 1929–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.01.006.
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AXELSSON, L., A. HOLCK, I. RUD, D. SAMAH, P. TIERCE, M. FAVRE, and C. F. KURE. "Cleaning of Conveyor Belt Materials Using Ultrasound in a Thin Layer of Water." Journal of Food Protection 76, no. 8 (August 1, 2013): 1401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-563.
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Cleaning of conveyor belts in the food industry is imperative for preventing the buildup of microorganisms that can contaminate food. New technologies for decreasing water and energy consumption of cleaning systems are desired. Ultrasound can be used for cleaning a wide range of materials. Most commonly, baths containing fairly large amounts of water are used. One possibility to reduce water consumption is to use ultrasonic cavitation in a thin water film on a flat surface, like a conveyor belt. In order to test this possibility, a model system was set up, consisting of an ultrasound transducer/probe with a 70-mm-diameter flat bottom, operating at 19.8 kHz, and contaminated conveyor belt materials in the form of coupons covered with a thin layer of water or water with detergent. Ultrasound was then applied on the water surface at different power levels (from 46 to 260 W), exposure times (10 and 20 s), and distances (2 to 20 mm). The model was used to test two different belt materials with various contamination types, such as biofilms formed by bacteria in carbohydrate- or protein-fat–based soils, dried microorganisms (bacteria, yeasts, and mold spores), and allergens. Ultrasound treatment increased the reduction of bacteria and yeast by 1 to 2 log CFU under the most favorable conditions compared with water or water-detergent controls. The effect was dependent on the type of belt material, the power applied, the exposure time, and the distance between the probe and the belt coupon. Generally, dried microorganisms were more easily removed than biofilms. The effect on mold spores was variable and appeared to be species and material dependent. Spiked allergens were also efficiently removed by using ultrasound. The results in this study pave the way for new cleaning designs for flat conveyor belts, with possibilities for savings of water, detergent, and energy consumption.
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ZACHCIAŁ, Agnieszka, and Andrzej JARDZIOCH. "APPLICATION OF SIMULATION RESEARCH TO ANALYSE THE PRODUCTION PROCESS IN TERMS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." Applied Computer Science 18, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/acs-2022-21.
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Sustainable development is an very important idea nowadays and it influences on many factors. It is very important to focus on the goals of sustainable development and implement them both in industry and in everyday life. The aim of the article is to analyse the impact of implementing an automatic conveyor belt transport system between the stands of an exemplary assembly line on sustainable development in economic and environmental terms. The analyzed production process consists of one production line with six assembly stations. The efficiency of individual design solutions and electricity consumption were adopted as the evaluation criteria. To compare the two processes, a simulation analysis was performed in the Plant Simulation program. First chapter is the introduction to the article. The second chapter describes the current applications of simulation tests. The third chapter describes the production system that is improved by adding conveyors. The next chapter compares the processes with and without the use of conveyors and presents how much energy must be used additionally by implementing conveyor belts, but also what energy savings can be obtained by installing additional stop sensors. The fifth chapter presents the conclusions: the conducted research allowed concluding that the implementation of conveyor belts affects a higher number of finished products at the same time as the transport of components is manual. However, the best solution is to use conveyors with stop sensors, and the power consumption is then low and more profitable for the enterprise.
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Deng, San Peng, Xin Yong Wang, Yu Ming Qi, Chun Ming Wang, and Kang Sun. "Design of Intelligent Transmission System for Mining Belt-Conveyor Group." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 1494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.1494.
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£oBased on PLC, ARM and CAN bus technology, the intelligent transmission system is invented, which can be used to transfer the safety production monitoring data and audio data of belt conveyor group. It is able to effectively solve the problems in transmitting voice information clearly, collecting and managing multi-sensor information over dozens of kilometers along the transport fleet about the conveyor group monitoring systems. Its application in industry field shows that it effectively raises the belt conveyor system level of remote intelligent monitoring and emergency safety integrated protection.
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Pihnastyi, O. M., and O. V. Ivanovska. "SYNTHESIS OF AN ALGORITHM FOR CONTROL OF A TRANSPORT CONVEYOR." Radio Electronics, Computer Science, Control, no. 3 (October 18, 2022): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.15588/1607-3274-2022-3-16.
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Context. The problem of optimal control of the flow parameters of a transport system of a conveyor type in the presence of stepwise regulation of the speed of the conveyor section belt is considered. The object of the study is the analytical model of the transport conveyor, which was used as a foundation for the synthesis of optimal control algorithms for the flow parameters of the transport conveyor. The purpose of the work is to develop methods for designing systems for optimal control of the flow parameters of a transport conveyor, taking into account the transport delay with stepwise regulation of the flow parameters of the transport system.
Method. An analytical model of the conveyor section has been developed, taking into account the stepwise regulation of the values of the flow parameters of the transport system. When building a model of a conveyor section to determine the dependencies between the flow parameters of the transport system, equations in partial derivatives are written. For the synthesis of algorithms for optimal control of the speed of the conveyor section belt, a control quality criterion is introduced. Using the Pontryagin maximum principle, the problem of optimal control of the flow parameters of the conveyor section is posed. For the transport system, the Hamilton function is written, which takes into account the criterion of control quality, imposed restrictions and differential relationships between the system parameters. A technique for synthesizing an algorithm for optimal control of the speed of a conveyor section belt is demonstrated. The conditions for switching the speed of the conveyor belt are determined.
Results. The developed model of the conveyor section is used to synthesize an algorithm for optimal control of the flow parameters of the transport system with stepwise switching of belt speed modes.
Conclusions. A technique for synthesizing algorithms for optimal control of the flow parameters of a transport system with stepwise regulation of the speed of the belt of a conveyor section has been developed. The obtained algorithms can be used to reduce the specific energy costs for material transportation at mining enterprises.
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Jeinsch, T., M. Sader, S. X. Ding, P. Zhang, J. Lam, P. Engel, W. Jahn, and R. Niemz. "APPLICATION OF OBSERVER-BASED MONITORING TECHNIQUE IN BELT CONVEYOR SYSTEMS." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 35, no. 1 (2002): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20020721-6-es-1901.00797.
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Liu, Xiangwei, Daijie He, Gabriel Lodewijks, Yusong Pang, and Jie Mei. "Integrated decision making for predictive maintenance of belt conveyor systems." Reliability Engineering & System Safety 188 (August 2019): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2019.03.047.
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Ikhar, Dr S. R., Yogesh Nakade, Prankitkumar Barsagade, Harsh Vardhan Kumar, Akshay Dhekwar, Sachin Bende, and Shubham Borkar. "A Review on Faulty Product Detection and Separation System for Measuring Accurate Weight of SOAP." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 2198–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41108.
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Abstract: Wireless sensor networks have become a new information collection and monitoring solution for variety of product such as soap. All product manufacturing unit need to have a faulty product detection and separation system in order to maintain good product accuracy by using conveyor belt system. This proposed system detect faulty product according to required weight by using load cell and proximity sensor, thus with the help of electric actuator faulty products are separated according to the weight. This system is powered by a DC Geared motor, and the system consist components Rollers (nylon) and silicon belt are used to develop a conveyor belt system. This paper deals with a review on faulty product detection and separation system Keywords: Conveyor systems, proximity sensor, load cell, Fault detection.
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Zhang, Mengchao, Yanbo Yue, Kai Jiang, Meixuan Li, Yuan Zhang, and Manshan Zhou. "Hybrid Compression Optimization Based Rapid Detection Method for Non-Coal Conveying Foreign Objects." Micromachines 13, no. 12 (November 26, 2022): 2085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13122085.
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The existence of conveyor foreign objects poses a serious threat to the service life of conveyor belts, which will cause abnormal damage or even tearing, so fast and effective detection of conveyor foreign objects is of great significance to ensure the safe and efficient operation of belt conveyors. Considering the need for the foreign object detection algorithm to operate in edge computing devices, this paper proposes a hybrid compression method that integrates network sparse, structured pruning, and knowledge distillation to compress the network parameters and calculations. Combined with a Yolov5 network for practice, three structured pruning strategies are specifically proposed, all of which are proven to have achieved a good compression effect. The experiment results show that under the pruning rate of 0.9, the proposed three pruning strategies can achieve more than 95% compression for network parameters, more than 90% compression for the computation, and more than 90% compression for the size of the network model, and the optimized network is able to accelerate inference on both Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) hardware platforms, with a maximum speedup of 70.3% on the GPU platform and 157.5% on the CPU platform, providing an excellent real-time performance but also causing a large accuracy loss. In contrast, the proposed method balances better real-time performance and detection accuracy (>88.2%) when the pruning rate is at 0.6~0.9. Further, to avoid the influence of motion blur, a method of introducing prior knowledge is proposed to improve the resistance of the network, thus strongly ensuring the detection effect. All the technical solutions proposed are of great significance in promoting the intelligent development of coal mine equipment, ensuring the safe and efficient operation of belt conveyors, and promoting sustainable development.
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Vardai, Anjali. "Automatic Workpart Transfer Mechanism." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 3359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45747.
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Abstract: The main concept behind our project is replacement of treadmill mechanism for small scale industries which is fully automated, functional, easy to use, highly accessible and easily maintainable. There is a serious demand for mechanisms for movement of packages in the industries right from the start to end. The advantage of our system over the conveyor system is that the system has a time delay between moving packages and this delay can be used to introduce any alterations in the package or move the package for any other purposes. While in conveyor system such actions cannot be performed unless programmed module is used to produce intermittent stopping of the belt which basically is costly. Here we are working to convert rotary motion into reciprocating motion by means of a single slider crank mechanism this prototype is solely based on four bar mechanism. Conventional conveyer systems consist of belts, large input/output motors etc. which increases the initial cost as well as maintenance cost. The results from this project can be used by many small-scale industries and in-house industries where conveyor system is not accessible