Journal articles: 'Bending mechanics'

1

Park, Jung-Whan, and Ae-Gyeong Oh. "Bending Mechanics of Ply Yarns." Textile Research Journal 73, no. 6 (June 2003): 473–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051750307300602.

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2

Caputy, Gregory G., and Oleh M. Antonyshyn. "BENDING MECHANICS OF BONE GRAFTS." Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 3, no. 2 (September 1992): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001665-199209000-00006.

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3

Liang, Feng, Zhen Li, Xiao-Dong Yang, Wei Zhang, and Tian-Zhi Yang. "Coupled Bending–Bending–Axial–Torsional Vibrations of Rotating Blades." Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 32, no. 3 (January 31, 2019): 326–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10338-019-00075-w.

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4

Koyama, Hideo. "Bending." Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 58, no. 2 (February 28, 2008): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2464/jilm.58.81.

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5

Moshaiov, Amiram, and William S. Vorus. "The Mechanics of the Flame Bending Process: Theory and Applications." Journal of Ship Research 31, no. 04 (December 1, 1987): 269–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1987.31.4.269.

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The flame bending process can be most useful in the present effort to automate the plate bending process in shipyards. To achieve this goal, the complicated thermo-elastic-plastic behavior of the plate during the process must be understood. A review of the past analytical research efforts reveals that these attempts have been restricted to beam bending. Here a theory for the thermo-elastic-plastic plate bending is developed. Furthermore, using a boundary element method as a solution technique, the difference between the mechanics of beam bending versus plate bending is shown. Recommendations for future work are given.

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6

Xuesong Zhao, Guosheng Yu, Jianguo Zhu, and Xuehong De. "The Bending Mechanics Property of Salix Gordejecii." Journal of Convergence Information Technology 8, no. 8 (April 30, 2013): 1260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/jcit.vol8.issue8.148.

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7

He, Liwen, Jia Lou, Sritawat Kitipornchai, Jie Yang, and Jianke Du. "Peeling mechanics of hyperelastic beams: Bending effect." International Journal of Solids and Structures 167 (August 2019): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2019.03.011.

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8

Castéra, P., and V. Morlier. "Growth patterns and bending mechanics of branches." Trees 5, no. 4 (December 1991): 232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00227530.

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9

Emmens, W. C., and A. H. van den Boogaard. "Cyclic stretch-bending: Mechanics, stability and formability." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 211, no. 12 (December 2011): 1965–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.06.017.

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10

Pedley, T. J., and S. J. Hill. "Large-amplitude undulatory fish swimming: fluid mechanics coupled to internal mechanics." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 23 (December 1, 1999): 3431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.23.3431.

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The load against which the swimming muscles contract, during the undulatory swimming of a fish, is composed principally of hydrodynamic pressure forces and body inertia. In the past this has been analysed, through an equation for bending moments, for small-amplitude swimming, using Lighthill's elongated-body theory and a ‘vortex-ring panel method’, respectively, to compute the hydrodynamic forces. Those models are outlined in this review, and a summary is given of recent work on large-amplitude swimming that has (a) extended the bending moment equation to large amplitude, which involves the introduction of a new (though probably usually small) term, and (b) developed a large-amplitude vortex-ring panel method. The latter requires computation of the wake, which rolls up into concentrated vortex rings and filaments, and has a significant effect on the pressure on the body. Application is principally made to the saithe (Pollachius virens). The calculations confirm that the wave of muscle activation travels down the fish much more rapidly than the wave of bending.

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11

Park, Si-Myung, Jeonghwan Lee, Seungbin Park, Jung-Woo Lee, Minsoo Park, Youngjun Kim, and Gunwoo Noh. "Practical bending-angle calculation for an automated surgical plate bending apparatus." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 34, no. 5 (April 30, 2020): 2101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-020-0432-9.

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12

Stamenovic, Marina, Slavisa Putic, Branislav Bajceta, and Dragana Vitkovic. "Numerical method for the prediction of bending properties of glass-epoxy composites." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 38 (2007): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt0738085s.

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Mechanical properties of composite materials are conditioned by their structure and depend on the characteristics of structural components. In this paper is presented a numerical model by which the bending properties can be predicted on the basis of known mechanical properties of tension and pressure. Determining the relationship between these properties is justified having in mind the mechanics of fracture during bending, where the fracture takes place on the outer layer which is subjected to bending while the break ends on the layer subjected to pressure. The paper gives the values of tension, pressure and bending properties obtained by the corresponding mechanical test. A comparison of the numerical results of bending properties obtained on the basis of the model with the experimental ones, shows their satisfactory agreement. Therefore, this model can be used for some future research to predict bending properties without experiments.

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13

Shin, Jong Gye, and Cheol Ho Ryu. "Nonlinear Kinematic Analysis of the Deformation of Plates for Ship Hull Fabrication." Journal of Ship Research 44, no. 04 (December 1, 2000): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2000.44.4.270.

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Curved plates in a ship's hull are fabricated by mechanical or thermal processes, such as roller bending and line heating methods. The formation of curved plates is a process in which, from the point of view of mechanics, permanent bending and/or in-plane strains are applied to flat plates. Only bending strains are applied to single curvature shells, while in-plane strains, in addition to bending strains, need to be applied in order to form double curvature shells. In-plane strains, however, are known to be small and, thus, can be neglected. The mechanics of plate bending is different from the production of plate bending. In the mechanics of plate bending, an initial configuration of a plate is given, along with boundary and loading conditions. The deformed shape can then be calculated. In the production of plate bending, however, only the final deformation shape is given and the initial configuration is unknown. Loading conditions must also be determined. This paper presents rigorous formulations of a kinematic problem for the production of plate bending. Nonlinear kinematic analysis with and without initial imperfections is employed in order to include in-plane strains. An algorithm is suggested to determine an initial configuration from given surface data. Numerical examples show that the in-plane strain must not be negligible and, rather, plays an important role in the determination of heating paths in the line heating method.

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14

Kasti, Najib A. "Zigzag Carbon Nanotubes under Simple Torsion – Structural Mechanics Formulation." Advanced Materials Research 452-453 (January 2012): 1139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.452-453.1139.

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When using structural mechanics to study the deformation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), one has to pick the structural mechanics properties that are equivalent to the molecular mechanics properties. In a previous publication [1], we have determined the relation between the bending stiffness EI/a used in structural mechanics and the bond bending stiffness C used in molecular mechanics for zigzag carbon nanotubes under simple tension. This paper extends the concept and determines the corresponding relation for simple torsion. We show that the relation obtained is different than that of simple tension; in simple torsion, EI/a is load and chirality dependent. However, for the particular case of a graphene sheet, simple tension and torsion lead to the same value of EI/a, namely C/2. We also include the structural mechanics deformation of the tube that accounts for axial, bending and torsional structural stiffnesses. Unlike simple tension, the deformation in the case of simple torsion has the axial stiffness coupled to the bending and torsional stiffnesses.

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15

Kong, Lingyuan, and Robert G. Parker. "Steady Mechanics of Belt-Pulley Systems." Journal of Applied Mechanics 72, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1827251.

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Steady state analysis of a two-pulley belt drive is conducted where the belt is modeled as a moving Euler-Bernoulli beam with bending stiffness. Other factors in the classical creep theory, such as elastic extension and Coulomb friction with the pulley, are retained, and belt inertia is included. Inclusion of the bending stiffness leads to nonuniform distribution of the tension and speed in the belt spans and alters the belt departure points from the pulley. Solutions for these quantities are obtained by a numerical iteration method that generalizes to n-pulley systems. The governing boundary value problem (BVP), which has undetermined boundaries due to the unknown belt-pulley contact points, is first converted to a standard fixed boundary form. This form is readily solvable by general purpose BVP solvers. Bending stiffness reduces the wrap angles, improves the power efficiency, increases the span tensions, and reduces the maximum transmissible moment.

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16

Staupendahl, Daniel, and A. Erman Tekkaya. "Mechanics of the reciprocal effects of bending and torsion during 3D bending of profiles." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 262 (December 2018): 650–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2018.07.025.

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17

Pshenichnov, G. I., and A. Yazdurdyev. "Transverse bending of ribbed rectangular plates." Soviet Applied Mechanics 27, no. 12 (December 1991): 1182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01301503.

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18

Burvill, C. R., B. Ozarska, and L. Juniper. "Wood bending mechanics: effect of resultant end-force." International Wood Products Journal 4, no. 1 (February 2013): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/2042645312y.0000000003.

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19

Groves, Jay T. "Bending Mechanics and Molecular Organization in Biological Membranes." Annual Review of Physical Chemistry 58, no. 1 (May 2007): 697–717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physchem.56.092503.141216.

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20

Batista, Adriano A. "The mechanics of bending a strip of paper." European Journal of Physics 41, no. 6 (October 6, 2020): 065009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/ab9c8e.

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21

Bergers, L. I. J. C., J. P. M. Hoefnagels, and M. G. D. Geers. "Characterization of time-dependent anelastic microbeam bending mechanics." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 47, no. 35 (August 15, 2014): 355306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/47/35/355306.

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22

Russell Esposito, Elizabeth, Ellyn C. Ranz, Kelly A. Schmidtbauer, Richard R. Neptune, and Jason M. Wilken. "Ankle-foot orthosis bending axis influences running mechanics." Gait & Posture 56 (July 2017): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.04.023.

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23

Long, J. H., D. A. Pabst, W. R. Shepherd, and W. A. McLellan. "Locomotor design of dolphin vertebral columns: bending mechanics and morphology of Delphinus delphis." Journal of Experimental Biology 200, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.200.1.65.

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The primary skeletal structure used by dolphins to generate the dorsoventral bending characteristic of cetacean swimming is the vertebral column. In the vertebral column of the saddleback dolphin Delphinus delphis, we characterize the static and dynamic mechanical properties of the intervertebral joints, describe regional variation and dorsoventral asymmetries in mechanical performance, and investigate how the mechanical properties are correlated with vertebral morphologies. Using a bending machine that applies an external load (N m) to a single intervertebral segment, we measured the resulting angular deformation (rad) of the segment in both dorsal extension and ventral flexion. Intervertebral segments from the thoracic, lumbar and caudal regions of the vertebral column were tested from five individuals. Using quasi-static bending tests, we measured the initial (low-strain) bending stiffness (N m rad-1) as a function of segment position, direction of bending (extension and flexion) and sequential cutting of intervertebral ligaments. We found that initial bending stiffness was significantly greater in the lumbar region than in adjacent thoracic and caudal regions, and all joints were stiffer in extension than is predicted (r2 = 0.554) by the length and width of the intervertebral disc and the length of the cranial vertebral body in the segment. Stiffness in flexion is predicted (r2 = 0.400) by the width of the nucleus pulposus, the length of the caudal vertebral body in the segment and the height of the transverse processes from the ventral surface of the vertebral body. We also performed dynamic bending tests on intervertebral segments from the lumbo-caudal joint and the joint between caudal vertebrae 7 and 8. Dynamic bending stiffness (N m rad-1) increases with increasing bending amplitude and is independent of bending frequency. Damping coefficient (kg m2 rad-2 s-1) decreases with increasing bending amplitude and frequency. Resilience (% energy return) increases from approximately 20% at low bending amplitudes (+/-0.6 degree) to approximately 50% at high bending amplitudes (+/-2.9 degrees). Based on these findings, the dolphin's vertebral column has the mechanical capacity to help control the body's locomotor reconfigurations, to store elastic energy and to dampen oscillations.

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24

Raoof, Mohammed. "Free Bending of Spiral Strands." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 116, no. 3 (March 1990): 512–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1990)116:3(512).

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25

Shield, Carol Kittredge, and George A. Costello. "Bending of Cord Composite Plates." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 120, no. 4 (April 1994): 876–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1994)120:4(876).

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26

Bao, Ke, Qiu Fang Wang, Shu Lin Liu, and Zhong Liang Wei. "Study on Local Strain Field Intensity Approach for Prediction Fatigue Life of Crankshaft Based on Mechanical Mechanics." Advanced Materials Research 644 (January 2013): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.644.251.

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The bending fatigue limit moment and crack initiation life of 4105 crankishaft in five groups of bending moments are obtained by resonant bending fatigue tests first. Then, the static finite element calculation using sub-model is performed to get the strain distributions in every test load. The results show that in the region where stress concentrate, the strain field could be seen as plane strain state. So two dimensional strain field intensity model is selected. In order to remove the influences of size and surface conditions, the radius of strain field is determined with the strain distribution under the low-life test load. After that, the local strain field intensities under each test load are calculated with the radius of strain field. Finally, the strain-life curve of material is modified by the fatigue intensity limit of crankshaft, and the predicted life agree with the test results.

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27

Deriu, Marco A., Monica Soncini, Tamara C. Bidone, Alberto Redaelli, and Franco Maria Montevecchi. "Coarse Grain Modeling for Microtubule Mechanics." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 629–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.629.

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Microtubules (MTs) are cellular supramolecular structures that, in combination with actin and intermediate filaments, form the cell cytoskeleton. Within cytoskeleton filaments, MTs exhibit the highest bending stiffness. Up today, experimental techniques have not been able to investigate the origin of MTs flexural rigidity, despite the many experimental efforts done to estimate MT mechanical properties. Molecular Dynamic (MD) and Normal mode Analysis (NMA) show the potentiality for getting insight into this topic. However, these standard molecular modelling techniques are not yet able to simulate large molecular structures as MTs. In this work we developed a multiscale Coarse Grain (CG) model of an entire MT up to 180 nm long, by integrating information from MD and NMA molecular modelling. In particular, MD models were used to obtain information about the molecular conformation and arrangement of the tubulin dimers inside the MT lattice structure and Normal Mode Analysis (NMA) was used in order to study the mechanical behaviour of a MT modelled as an elastic network. MT macroscopic properties, such as bending stiffness (kf), bending modulus (Yf), stretching modulus (Ys), and persistence length (lp) were calculated on the basis of the bending and stretching modes, and results were directly compared to experimental data. Starting from the stretching modes calculated for MTs with lengths up to 180 nm, we found a non-length dependent Ys of about 0.5 GPa, which is in the range of the experimental values (Ys~0.1-2.5 GPa), and a Yb in the range of 0.13-0.35 GPa depending on MT length. These results strongly confirm the anisotropy of the MT mechanical properties.

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28

Irschik, H. "Biaxial dynamic bending of elastoplastic beams." Acta Mechanica 62, no. 1-4 (November 1986): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01175861.

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29

Valanis, K. C., and J. Y. Wang. "Endochronic analysis of finite plastic bending." Acta Mechanica 77, no. 3-4 (May 1989): 241–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01178325.

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Berg, B. T. "Bending of Superelastic Wires, Part II: Application to Three-Point Bending." Journal of Applied Mechanics 62, no. 2 (June 1, 1995): 466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2895953.

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The constitutive relationship between applied pure bending moment and the resulting curvature of a few superelastic alloy wires is applied to the three-point bending problem. Three-point bending experiments on hard and soft loading machines are described. The relationship between the applied deflection and the resulting force in three-point bending is calculated from a nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli rod theory. A numerical procedure used to solve the three-point bending problem for both loading and unloading is briefly described and numerical results are compared with experiment.

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31

Feng, Wang, MA Yurong, Jiang Yaqiong, Li Dan, and Liao Haifei. "Application of ANSYS Finite Element Analysis in Teaching of Mechanics of Materials." E3S Web of Conferences 198 (2020): 01049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019801049.

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The traditional classroom teaching of mechanics of materials focuses on the theoretical derivation of the formula, and the content is relatively boring. However, in the experimental class, the calculation formula of bending normal stress is simply verified, and other information other than deformation can not be given directly. In order to improve the effect of classroom teaching, ANSYS finite element analysis and pure bending experiment are combined and applied to the classroom teaching of material mechanics. The deformation and stress in the deformation problem of material mechanics are vividly displayed in the form of animation and cloud chart. Practice has proved that this teaching method can not only deepen students’ understanding of abstract mechanical concepts, but also stimulate students’ interest in learning and innovative thinking, which is conducive to the cultivation of engineering application-oriented talents.

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32

Potluri, Prasad, Raj Ramgulam, Marco Chilo, and Haseeb Arshad. "Tow-Scale Mechanics for Composite Forming Simulations." Key Engineering Materials 504-506 (February 2012): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.504-506.255.

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Abstract. Composites are processed by a variety of forming techniques at both preforming and consolidation stages; ranging from hand draping, diaphragm forming, vacuum infusion to Resin Transfer Molding. During these processes, individual fabric or prepreg layers are subjected to inplane tension and shear, inter-ply shear, transverse compression and out-of-plane bending forces. These forming forces are translated into individual tow-level forces leading to tow deformations. Each tow is subjected to tension, transverse compaction (in the plane of the fabric due to shear and normal to the fabric plane due to consolidation force), bending and torsion. The resulting tow geometry and local fibre volume fractions (within a tow) would have a significant impact on resin flow as well as mechanical properties of the composite. In this paper, we present computational as well as experimental approaches to predicting tow deformations, when subjected to various loading conditions. The test rigs, shown in figure 1, can measure stress-strain behaviour of a tow in bending, torsion and transverse compression respectively. Figure shows buckling of carbon tow – bending stiffness can be computed from the post-buckling behavior. Torsional moments at monotonically increased twist angle were measured using a very sensitive torque sensor. An anvil, nearly same size as a tow, is used to compress a tow (under controlled axial tension) and the cross-sectional shape is computed from the flattened image (recorded using a high resolution camera). A mechanics-based model has been developed to predict tow-scale deformations under transverse compression, tension, bending and torsion modes of deformation. Individual fibres in a tow are modeled as ‘3D elastica’ and a simple inter-fibre friction model has been incorporated. Initially developed for twisted fibre bundles, the elastic-based model works reasonably well for untwisted fibre tows (by assuming an extremely small twist level for convergence). Full paper will present comparison between experimental and theoretical results.

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33

Cheng, Yuan Zheng, and Guang Yu Shi. "Equivalent Mechanical Properties of Graphene Predicted by an Improved Molecular Structural Mechanics Model." Key Engineering Materials 609-610 (April 2014): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.609-610.351.

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Based on molecular mechanics and the stick-spiral model, this paper first presents the analytical analysis of the effective in-plane mechanical properties of both zigzag and armchair monolayer graphene sheets. We find that the equivalent in-plane elastic constants of monolayer graphene sheets are the same in the two principal directions of graphene. The effective in-plane mechanical properties of graphene are then evaluated numerically using an improved molecular structural mechanics (MSM) model, in which the flexible connections are used to characterize the bond angle variations of graphene. Furthermore, the effective bending rigidity of the beam representing a C-C bond in this improved MSM model is determined from the energy equivalence over the basic cell of graphene and the force constants given by molecular mechanics. A rigidly connected frame model with the bending stiffness of the equivalent beams for C-C bonds different from the existing structural mechanics model is also used to evaluate the mechanical properties of graphene. The flexibly connected frame model gives very good results of Youngs modulus and Poisson ratio of monolayer graphene sheet. The new rigidly connected frame model presented here also gives improved results than the existing rigidly connected frame model of graphene.

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Xia, Jun Wu, and Hong Fei Chang. "Experimental Study on the Characteristics of GGBS Concrete Bending Specimens." Key Engineering Materials 405-406 (January 2009): 373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.405-406.373.

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This paper reports the experimental study on the mechanical characteristics of bending component with ground granulated blastfurnace slag (ggbs). A laboratory study has carried out to investigate the influence of replacement ratio of GGBS on the mechanics and deformation of concrete bending specimen; the harmonious working of concrete and reinforced bar is discussed as well. The results indicate that although the proportion of slag improve the strength of the concrete, the mechanical performance of GGBS concrete bending specimen is quite similar to that of common concrete, and the design expressions of common concrete girder is available to GGBS concrete girder. The specimen experiment also proves the existance of optimum slag proportion in GGBS concrete specimen, and the girder performs well when replace 20% cement with slag.

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Hrudey, Terry M., and Metro M. Hrabok. "Singularity Finite Elements for Plate Bending." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 112, no. 7 (July 1986): 666–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1986)112:7(666).

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36

Hong, Kee-Jeung, Armen Der Kiureghian, and Jerome L. Sackman. "Bending Behavior of Helically Wrapped Cables." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 131, no. 5 (May 2005): 500–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(2005)131:5(500).

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37

Chapkin, Wesley A., Patrick Walgren, Geoffrey J. Frank, David Ryan Seifert, Maria R. Ward Rashidi, Darren J. Hartl, and Jeffery W. Baur. "Bending mechanics of cylindrical skins for morphing aerospace applications." Materials & Design 186 (January 2020): 108316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108316.

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38

Podany, K., R. Samek, and K. Matousek. "MECHANICS OF SQUARE TUBES BENDING AND CROSS SECTION DISTORSION." MM Science Journal 2010, no. 04 (December 14, 2010): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17973/mmsj.2010_12_201017.

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39

Sinha, Supurna, and Joseph Samuel. "Statistical mechanics of ribbons under bending and twisting torques." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 25, no. 46 (October 11, 2013): 465102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/46/465102.

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40

Hasebe, Norio, Takuji Nakamura, and Jiro Iida. "Notch mechanics for plane and thin plate bending problems." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 37, no. 1 (January 1990): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(90)90333-c.

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41

Achrai, Ben, Benny Bar-On, and H. Daniel Wagner. "Bending mechanics of the red-eared slider turtle carapace." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 30 (February 2014): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.09.009.

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42

Moon, B. R. "The mechanics of swallowing and the muscular control of diverse behaviours in gopher snakes." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 17 (September 1, 2000): 2589–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.17.2589.

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Snakes are excellent subjects for studying functional versatility and potential constraints because their movements are constrained to vertebral bending and twisting. In many snakes, swallowing is a kind of inside-out locomotion. During swallowing, vertebral bends push food from the jaws along a substantial length of the body to the stomach. In gopher snakes (Pituophis melanoleucus) and king snakes (Lampropeltis getula), swallowing often begins with lateral bending of the head and neck as the jaws advance unilaterally over the prey. Axial movement then shifts to accordion-like, concertina bending as the prey enters the oesophagus. Once the prey is completely engulfed, concertina bending shifts to undulatory bending that pushes the prey to the stomach. The shift from concertina to undulatory bending reflects a shift from pulling the prey into the throat (or advancing the mouth over the prey) to pushing it along the oesophagus towards the stomach. Undulatory kinematics and muscular activity patterns are similar in swallowing and undulatory locomotion. However, the distinct mechanical demands of internal versus external force exertion result in different duty factors of muscle activity. Feeding and locomotor movements are thus integral functions of the snake axial system.

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43

Pan, Douxing, Yao Li, Tzu-Chiang Wang, and Wanlin Guo. "Bending-induced extension in two-dimensional crystals." Acta Mechanica Sinica 33, no. 1 (November 10, 2016): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10409-016-0602-2.

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44

Wang, W. B., and A. C. Pipkin. "Plane deformations of nets with bending stiffness." Acta Mechanica 65, no. 1-4 (January 1987): 263–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01176886.

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45

Haojiang, Ding, Zhou Weiyu, and Sun Libo. "A new type of plate bending element." Acta Mechanica Sinica 3, no. 1 (February 1987): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02486786.

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46

Wang, Chuang, Haoran Zhang, Fengyou Yang, Yongtao Fan, and Qian Liu. "Enhanced light scattering effect of wrinkled transparent conductive ITO thin film." RSC Advances 7, no. 41 (2017): 25483–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra02726e.

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In this work, we fabricate uniform wrinkles on ITO and systematically study the properties of the wrinkled ITO in optics, electrics and mechanics. The wrinkled ITO shows a high optical transmittance and improved mechanical bending performance.

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KAWAGOISHI, Norio, Hironobu NISITANI, Masahiro GOTO, Xishu WANG, and Hideho TANAKA. "Unified Evaluation of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates under Rotating Bending and Plane Bending." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series A 62, no. 598 (1996): 1340–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaia.62.1340.

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Hwang, S. J., and R. F. Gibson. "Influence of bending-twisting and extension-bending coupling on damping of laminated composites." Journal of Materials Science 28, no. 1 (1993): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00349025.

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Liu, Feng, Max G. Lagally, and Ji Zang. "Nanomechanical Architectures—Mechanics-Driven Fabrication Based on Crystalline Membranes." MRS Bulletin 34, no. 3 (March 2009): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2009.51.

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Abstract:

AbstractBending of thin sheets or ribbons is a ubiquitous phenomenon that impacts our daily lives, from the household thermostat to sensors in airbags. At nanometer-scale thicknesses, the mechanics responsible for bending and other distortions in sheets can be employed to create a nanofabrication approach leading to novel nanostructures. The process and resulting structures have been aptly referred to as “nanomechanical architecture.” In this article, we review recent progress in atomistic simulations that not only have helped to reveal the physical mechanisms underlying this nanofabrication approach, but also have made predictions of new nanostructures that can be created. The simulations demonstrate the importance of the atomic structure of the crystalline membrane and of the intrinsic surface stress in governing membrane bending behavior at the nanoscale and making the behavior fundamentally distinct from that at the macroscale. Molecular dynamics simulations of the bending of patterned graphene (a single-atomic layer film) suggest a new method for synthesizing carbon nanotubes with unprecedented control over their size and chirality.

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LU, QIANG, and RUI HUANG. "NONLINEAR MECHANICS OF SINGLE-ATOMIC-LAYER GRAPHENE SHEETS." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 01, no. 03 (September 2009): 443–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825109000228.

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The unique lattice structure and properties of graphene have drawn tremendous interests recently. By combining continuum and atomistic approaches, this paper investigates the mechanical properties of single-atomic-layer graphene sheets. A theoretical framework of nonlinear continuum mechanics is developed for graphene under both in-plane and bending deformation. Atomistic simulations are carried out to deduce the effective mechanical properties. It is found that graphene becomes highly nonlinear and anisotropic under finite-strain uniaxial stretch, and coupling between stretch and shear occurs except for stretching in the zigzag and armchair directions. The theoretical strength (fracture strain and fracture stress) of perfect graphene lattice also varies with the chiral direction of uniaxial stretch. By rolling graphene sheets into cylindrical tubes of various radii, the bending modulus of graphene is obtained. Buckling of graphene ribbons under uniaxial compression is simulated and the critical strain for the onset of buckling is compared to a linear buckling analysis.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Bending mechanics'

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