Journal articles: 'Beneficial arthropods'

1

Paudel, A., and S. Tiwari. "Abundance and Diversity of Soil Arthropods in Different Habitats in Chitwan Nepal." Journal of the Plant Protection Society 7, no. 01 (August 8, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpps.v7i01.47299.

Full text

Abstract:

Arthropod diversity is generally influenced by the type of habitat in an agro-ecosystem. Crop diversity, soil types, nature of habitats (intensive, semi-intensive and natural), proximity to natural habitats, landscape complexity etc. are the major arthropod diversity influencing factors. Hence, this study was designed to investigate the diversity of various arthropod species among different habitats such as mango orchard, litchi orchard, vegetable field, organic field and uncultivated land during March 2021. Arthropod sampling was taken on every three- day interval using pitfall trap. The composition, relative abundance, and diversity indices of the arthropods of five different habitats were analyzed. Maximum abundance was recorded in uncultivated land (N = 398) and minimum in the vegetable field (N = 61). Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (1.76) and species richness (9.67) were found highest in mango orchards. The greatest evenness was recorded in the vegetable field (0.91) and more dominance index was recorded in uncultivated land (0.60). There was a significant difference in total abundances of arthropods between vegetable fields than in the organic and uncultivated fields, being highest in uncultivated land followed by litchi, mango and organic field. Hymenopterans were the most abundant order (53.55%) followed by Coleoptera and Arachnida. These arthropods were crop pests and beneficial. Beneficial arthropods population was more than crop pests. Such beneficial arthropods play a vital role to deliver an ecosystem service. This study can help to develop a conservation and management protocol for beneficial arthropods in the agro-ecosystem.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

McCravy, Kenneth. "A Review of Sampling and Monitoring Methods for Beneficial Arthropods in Agroecosystems." Insects 9, no. 4 (November 23, 2018): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects9040170.

Full text

Abstract:

Beneficial arthropods provide many important ecosystem services. In agroecosystems, pollination and control of crop pests provide benefits worth billions of dollars annually. Effective sampling and monitoring of these beneficial arthropods is essential for ensuring their short- and long-term viability and effectiveness. There are numerous methods available for sampling beneficial arthropods in a variety of habitats, and these methods can vary in efficiency and effectiveness. In this paper I review active and passive sampling methods for non-Apis bees and arthropod natural enemies of agricultural pests, including methods for sampling flying insects, arthropods on vegetation and in soil and litter environments, and estimation of predation and parasitism rates. Sample sizes, lethal sampling, and the potential usefulness of bycatch are also discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Franin, Kristijan, Božena Barić, and Gabrijela Kuštera. "The role of ecological infrastructure on beneficial arthropods in vineyards." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 14, no. 1 (March 2, 2016): e0303. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2016141-7371.

Full text

Abstract:

Weeds and non-cultivated plants have a great impact on abundance and diversity of beneficial arthropods in agriculture. The main aim of this work was to study the influence of the ecological infrastructure (meadows and weedy margins) on the arthropod composition in vineyard surrounding landscape. Research was carried out from May to October during three years. Sampling took place in the ecological infrastructure of three differently managed vineyards (organic, integrated and extensive). Three zones were chosen in each vineyard (3 m, 10 m, and 30 m from the edge of the vineyard). Samples were taken using a standardised sweep net method. In total, we captured 6032 spiders and 1309 insects belonging to 4 orders and 10 families. Arthropod fauna was numerically dominated by Aranea (82.1%); among insects, Coleoptera was the most abundant taxonomic group (10.6%); Neuroptera showed the lowest value (0.88%). Significant differences were found between sites and zones. Organic vineyard showed the highest abundance of arthropods (92.41% were spiders) and in the integrated vineyard there was a 23% of insects. Both the highest abundance of arthropods and the highest Shannon Index value (2.46) was found 3 m away from the edge of the vineyard. Results showed that spiders were the dominant arthropods and ladybugs the dominant insects. Weedy strips near the edge of the vineyard contained a high number of insects and spiders. Our results support the importance of weedy margins in enhancing the population of arthropods as well as in biodiversity promotion. Well-managed field margins could play important role in biological control of vineyard pests.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Cardona-Rivera, Gabriela A., Brittany Clark, Joseph V. McHugh, Bryana Bush, and Darold P. Batzer. "Wetlands Provide a Source of Arthropods Beneficial to Agriculture: A Case Study from Central Georgia, USA." Journal of Entomological Science 56, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 424–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/jes20-61.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract We described the overlap of arthropod communities between agricultural lands and adjacent wetlands using transect sampling, to determine if these juxtapositions might be influencing abundances of beneficial arthropods in agricultural lands. We further assessed experimentally whether these beneficial arthropods migrating from wetlands may potentially enhance crop productivity. Large numbers of predaceous carabid beetles and spiders moved from the wetlands into the agricultural lands; both of these groups can be important to biological control of crop pests. However, our exclusion experiments did not detect significant impacts of these predators on herbivorous insects or on crop productivity. Numerous studies have established that natural habitats adjacent to crop lands serve as refuge to beneficial arthropod communities and enhance overall biodiversity. Wetlands adjacent to agricultural lands appear to serve the same function. Our study suggests that wetlands may provide the ecosystem service of enhancing numbers of arthropods beneficial to agriculture, a service not established previously, and a factor that may motivate farmers to conserve wetlands that they own.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Shiferaw, A., M. W. Smith, R. D. Eikenbary, and Don C. Arnold. "Legume Ground Covers for Low-input Pecan Management." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 893F—893. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.893f.

Full text

Abstract:

Perennial legume ground covers were evaluated to supply N and increase beneficial arthropod densities in pecan orchards. Treatments were pure stands and a mixture of `Kenland' red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and `Louisiana S-l' white clover (Trifolium repense L.). The control plot was a grass sod. Nitrogen was applied at 0 to 200 kg·ha–1 in 50-kg intervals to the trees in the grass plots, but no N was applied to the legume plots. Aphids and beneficial arthropods were monitored in legumes and pecan canopies. Beneficial arthropods monitored were Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae, Nabis, Syrphid, and spiders. The most abundant beneficial arthropods were spiders, Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae, and Nabis respectively. In pecan canopies, spiders, Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae were the most abundant. The legumes supplied ≤156 kg N/ha to the pecan trees.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Stewart, Colin D., S. Kristine Braman, and Beverly L. Sparks. "Abundance of Beneficial Arthropods on Woody Landscape Plants at Professionally-Managed Landscape Sites." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 20, no. 2 (June 1, 2002): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-20.2.67.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Eight 0.2–0.4 ha (0.5–1.0 A) sites managed by landscape professionals were monitored biweekly for beneficial arthropod activity. More than 30 generalist predator taxa were identified. Spiders and green lacewings were the most numerous taxa and both were found on all plant taxa sampled. Green lacewings, especially the egg stage, were the most numerous natural enemies detected on birch, crape myrtle, cherry, and oak trees accounting for 52.5, 49.9, 43.5, and 38.1%, respectively. Spiders accounted for 56.2% of the insectivorous arthropods observed on magnolia and were the most abundant predatory arthropod on azaleas comprising 46.5% of all arthropod predators/parasites across all properties. The most abundant predatory arthropods on junipers were spiders accounting for 75.5% of the beneficials encountered with ants (associated with an early season aphid outbreak), green lacewing larvae, lady beetles, harvestmen, and parasitic wasps comprising 15.8, 0.4, 4.3, 0.4, and 1.2%, respectively. Spiders were the most abundant predators on boxwood accounting for 70.6% of the natural enemies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Carmona, Gabriela Inveninato, Emily Robinson, Julia Nogueira Duarte Campos, and Anthony Justin McMechan. "Impact of the Timing and Use of an Insecticide on Arthropods in Cover-Crop-Corn Systems." Insects 13, no. 4 (March 31, 2022): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13040348.

Full text

Abstract:

Cover crops provide a habitat for pests and beneficial arthropods. Unexpected pest pressure in a cover-crop-to-corn system can occur and result in increased use of insecticides. Eight site-years of on-farm field studies were conducted in 2019, 2020, and 2021. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of insecticide timing relative to cover-crop termination on arthropod activity in a cover-crop-to-corn system. The treatments consisted of (i) glyphosate to terminate the cover crop, (ii) glyphosate and pyrethroid tank mix to terminate the cover crop, and (iii) glyphosate to terminate the cover crop and pyrethroid application 25 days after the termination. Arthropod activity was measured with pitfall traps before and at each treatment application. A total of 33,316 arthropods were collected. Total arthropods, Collembola, and Aphididae were the only taxa reduced with an insecticide application. The other arthropod taxa were mainly influenced by the sampling period. No significant pest pressure occurred at any site-year. Insecticide applications are not generally needed in a cover-crop-to-corn system. Scouting for pests and applying strategies only when necessary is crucial to conserve potentially beneficial arthropods in the system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Reng-Moss, Tiffany, Frederick Baxendale, and Terrance Riordan. "Beneficial Arthropods Associated with Buffalograss." Journal of Economic Entomology 91, no. 5 (October 1, 1998): 1167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/91.5.1167.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Vankosky, M. A., H. A. Cárcamo, H. A. Catton, A. C. Costamagna, and R. De Clerck-Floate. "Impacts of the agricultural transformation of the Canadian Prairies on grassland arthropods." Canadian Entomologist 149, no. 6 (October 6, 2017): 718–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2017.47.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe prairie grasslands have been transformed to become the primary source of agricultural production in Canada. Soon after its establishment, the Biological Survey of Canada recognised the urgent need to document the arthropods of the prairie grasslands, especially in the few pristine remnants. Although this initiative has yielded considerable progress in documenting the species present in the Prairies Ecozone, comprehensive ecological studies are sparse. Landscape effects on arthropods are well studied elsewhere, but no equivalent studies have been published for the Canadian Prairies. Crop rotation varies landscape composition annually, changes host plant resources in fields, and interacts with other agricultural inputs to disturb pest and beneficial arthropods. Despite only a handful of studies on grazing, there is an emerging pattern: moderate grazing increases arthropod diversity and benefits certain arthropod guilds. Abiotic inputs elicit variable responses from different arthropod taxa; Carabidae (Coleoptera) are best studied, with some information available for ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and aquatic arthropods. Biotic inputs include arthropods released for biocontrol of weed and insect pests; evidence indicates that biocontrol agents of insects have a greater potential for impact on native communities of arthropods. The studies reviewed here reveal important trends and research gaps to be addressed in the future.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Zanettin, Giulia, Angela Bullo, Alberto Pozzebon, Giovanni Burgio, and Carlo Duso. "Influence of Vineyard Inter-Row Groundcover Vegetation Management on Arthropod Assemblages in the Vineyards of North-Eastern Italy." Insects 12, no. 4 (April 14, 2021): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12040349.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, the effects of habitat management practices on both pests and beneficial arthropods were evaluated in vineyards of North-eastern Italy through different field experiments: (1) mowing of inter-row spontaneous grasses in conventional and organic vineyards, (2) different timing of mowing of a green manure mixture, and (3) comparing different green manure mixtures. The first experiment followed a split-plot design, while randomized block design was used in the second and third experiment. In each experiment arthropods were sampled using different methods: leaf sampling, beating and sweep net sampling. Non-mowed spontaneous grasses in inter-rows of vineyards favored the abundance of natural enemies (e.g., predatory mites, parasitic wasps and spiders), and sometimes grapevine leafhoppers. Many arthropod species were recorded in higher numbers in organic vineyards. Late mowing of green manure favored beneficial arthropods (e.g., spiders and parasitic wasps), while it did not influence herbivore density. Groundcover management practices, aimed at increasing plant biodiversity in vineyards, could be a useful tool to enhance beneficial arthropod abundance, although the adoption of this practice should be carefully evaluated when pests occur. Semi-natural areas can contribute to create a more pest-stable agro-ecosystem and should be integrated with appropriate ecological infrastructures surrounding vineyards.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Harris, B. A., E. M. Poole, S. K. Braman, and S. V. Pennisi. "Consumer-Ready Insect Hotels: An Assessment of Arthropod Visitation and Nesting Success." Journal of Entomological Science 56, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-56.2.141.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Insect nesting boxes and hotels have the potential to provide shelter and overwintering sites for beneficial insect communities such as pollinating bees, wasps, earwigs, and other predatory arthropods. This study evaluated beneficial arthropod visitation to consumer-ready, commercially available nesting boxes over a 2-yr period. Insect hotels were placed on mature river birch (Betula nigra L.) and crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica L.) in garden plots established with floral resources for pollinators and other beneficial insects. Paper and thread-waisted wasps, soldier flies, predatory ants, and spiders were observed visiting the boxes. Boxes located in garden plot treatments (with floral resources) had the greatest numbers and diversity of pollinator and beneficial insect taxa compared to control plot treatments (naturalized areas away from floral resources) in 2016. Insect hotels placed on B. nigra had a higher number of thread-waisted wasps in 2016 and spiders and total beneficial insects in 2017. Higher numbers of predatory ants and total beneficial arthropods were found in boxes placed on L. indica in 2016. During the study, bamboo stems and drilled tunnels in the insect boxes were evaluated for arthropod inhabitance. Largest counts of occupied stems and tunnels were observed in boxes placed in proximity to floral resources and on L. indica trees.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Judt, Guzmán, Gómez, Cabezas, Entrenas, Winter, Zaller, and Paredes. "Diverging Effects of Landscape Factors and Inter-Row Management on the Abundance of Beneficial and Herbivorous Arthropods in Andalusian Vineyards (Spain)." Insects 10, no. 10 (September 26, 2019): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10100320.

Full text

Abstract:

Land use at landscape and field scales can increase the diversity and abundance of natural enemies for pest control. In this study, we investigated interactions between landscape elements (semi-natural vegetation, olive orchards, vineyards, other agricultural areas) and inter-row management (vegetation cover vs. bare soil) in relation to arthropod populations in Andalusian vineyards. Arthropods were collected from grapevine foliage in 15 vineyards using suction sampling. Landscape structure was analyzed within a 750 m radius surrounding the studied vineyards. Arthropods were categorized into functional groups (predators, parasitoids, herbivores), and their responses to the most influencing factors were analyzed by likelihood methods and model selection. Of the total of 650 arthropods collected, 48% were predators, 33% herbivores and 19% parasitoids. Numbers of predatory aeolothrips, parasitoids and herbivorous cicadas in the study vineyards decreased with an increased proportion of vineyards in the surroundings. Spider populations in vineyards increased with increasing proportions of other agricultural fields (non-flowering crops) in the surroundings. Semi-natural elements and olive orchards had no influence on the abundance of collected arthropods. We observed synergistic effects between landscape elements and inter-row management. The total numbers of arthropods, herbivores and parasitoids in vineyards benefitted from inter-row vegetation, while spiders benefitted from bare soil. Our findings underline the importance of both surrounding landscape elements and vineyard ground cover management to promote beneficial arthropods for potential natural pest control.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Goosey, Hayes B., Joseph T. Smith, Kevin M. O’Neill, and David E. Naugle. "Ground-Dwelling Arthropod Community Response to Livestock Grazing: Implications for Avian Conservation." Environmental Entomology 48, no. 4 (June 24, 2019): 856–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz074.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Terrestrial arthropods are a critical component of rangeland ecosystems that convert primary production into resources for higher trophic levels. During spring and summer, select arthropod taxa are the primary food of breeding prairie birds, of which many are imperiled in North America. Livestock grazing is globally the most widespread rangeland use and can affect arthropod communities directly or indirectly through herbivory. To examine effects of management on arthropod community structure and avian food availability, we studied ground-dwelling arthropods on grazed and ungrazed sagebrush rangelands of central Montana. From 2012 to 2015, samples were taken from lands managed as part of a rest-rotation grazing program and from idle lands where livestock grazing has been absent for over a decade. Bird-food arthropods were twice as prevalent in managed pastures despite the doubling of overall activity-density of arthropods in idle pastures. Activity-density on idled lands was largely driven by a tripling of detritivores and a doubling in predators. Predator community structure was simplified on idled lands, where Lycosid spiders increased by fivefold. In contrast, managed lands supported a more diverse assemblage of ground-dwelling arthropods, which may be particularly beneficial for birds in these landscapes if, for example, diversity promotes temporal stability in this critical food resource. Our results suggest that periodic disturbance may enhance arthropod diversity, and that birds may benefit from livestock grazing with periodic rest or deferment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Winsor, Susan. "Beneficial Arthropods in the Cotton Belt: Parasitoids." Crops & Soils 55, no. 4 (July 2022): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crso.20206.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Nentwig, Wolfgang. "Augmentation of beneficial arthropods by strip-management." Oecologia 76, no. 4 (September 1988): 597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00397876.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Lys, Jon-Andri, and Wolfgang Nentwig. "Augmentation of beneficial arthropods by strip-management." Oecologia 92, no. 3 (December 1992): 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00317463.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Kati, Vaya, Filitsa Karamaouna, Leonidas Economou, Photini V. Mylona, Maria Samara, Mircea-Dan Mitroiu, Myrto Barda, Mike Edwards, and Sofia Liberopoulou. "Sown Wildflowers Enhance Habitats of Pollinators and Beneficial Arthropods in a Tomato Field Margin." Plants 10, no. 5 (May 17, 2021): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10051003.

Full text

Abstract:

We evaluated the capacity of selected plants, sown along a processing tomato field margin in central Greece and natural vegetation, to attract beneficial and Hymenoptera pollinating insects and questioned whether they can distract pollinators from crop flowers. Measurements of flower cover and attracted pollinators and beneficial arthropods were recorded from early-May to mid-July, during the cultivation period of the crop. Flower cover was higher in the sown mixtures compared to natural vegetation and was positively correlated with the number of attracted pollinators. The sown Glebionis coronaria, Coriandrum sativum, Anethum graveolens, and Fagopyrum esculentum attracted mainly wild bees, which were the most abundant pollinating insects. In the natural vegetation, Rapistrum rugosum attracted mainly honeybees, while Asteraceae, Convolvulaceae, and Apiaceae species attracted wild bees. Beneficial arthropod abundance and diversity were higher in the sown mixture. Tomato flowers were visited by a small number of wild bees. Their number was not affected by the distance from the field margin, indicating no distraction effect from the sown or natural vegetation flowering plants. Our results suggest that selected flowering plants can improve the field margin habitats for pollinating insects and beneficial arthropods, but more work is needed to elucidate the effect on crop pollination.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Silva, E. B., J. C. Franco, T. Vasconcelos, and M. Branco. "Effect of ground cover vegetation on the abundance and diversity of beneficial arthropods in citrus orchards." Bulletin of Entomological Research 100, no. 4 (January 27, 2010): 489–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485309990526.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe effect of ground cover upon the communities of beneficial arthropods established in the canopy of lemon trees was investigated, by comparing three ground-cover management treatments applied: RV, resident vegetation; S, sowed selected species; and BS, bare soil by controlling weeds with herbicide. Over two consecutive years, arthropod communities in the tree canopy were sampled periodically by beating and suction techniques. Significantly higher numbers of beneficial arthropods were found in the RV and S treatments in comparison with bare soil. Spiders and parasitoid wasps were the two most common groups, representing, respectively, 70% and 19% of all catches in beating samples and 33% and 53% in suction samples. For the RV and S treatments, significant seasonal deviations from the bare soil treatment were observed using principal response curves. Similar seasonal patterns were observed over the two years. The RV and S treatments showed significant positive deviations from the BS treatment in late spring and summer, accounted for the higher numbers of parasitoid wasps, coccinelids and lacewings present. By contrast, the seasonal deviations observed for the spider community differed from those of the remaining arthropods. During late winter and early spring, the RV and S treatments presented a higher abundance of spiders in the tree canopy, in comparison with bare soil, whereas in the summer significantly more spiders were found in the bare soil treatment. Spider movements between tree canopy and ground vegetation layers may justify this result.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Dolzhenko, T. V., E. G. Kozlova, and O. V. Dolzhenko. "Evaluation of effect of insecticides on beneficial arthropods." Russian Agricultural Sciences 42, no. 3-4 (May 2016): 236–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068367416030083.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Desneux, Nicolas, Axel Decourtye, and Jean-Marie Delpuech. "The Sublethal Effects of Pesticides on Beneficial Arthropods." Annual Review of Entomology 52, no. 1 (January 2007): 81–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.52.110405.091440.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Li, Guihua, Kangli Guo, He Zhang, and Jianfeng Zhang. "The Effects of Five-Year Biosolid Application on the Diversity and Community of Soil Arthropods." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (October 17, 2022): 13359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013359.

Full text

Abstract:

Land application of biosolids is a beneficial form of management, although heavy metal contamination is a major concern. Biosolid application can shape the abundance, species richness, and community structure of arthropods, which are important regulators of soil processes. We investigated the effect of the five-year (2012–2017) application of domestic biosolids at 0, 15, 30, and 45 ton ha−1 on the soil properties, enzyme activity, heavy metal concentrations, abundance, and diversity of soil arthropods in degraded sandy soil. The results showed that the application of a high amount of biosolids resulted in an increase in soil organic carbon of 2.6 times and in the water content of 2.8 times compared with CK (no biosolids). The total metal concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb increased by 6.6%, 3.2%, 6.6%, 7.7%, 13.3%, and 22.5%, respectively, compared with CK in soil (p > 0.05). The activities of seven enzymes, which mainly participate in carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphate (P), and sulfur (S) transformation, increased by 1.53%~122.7%, indicating that the soil function did not change under biosolid application. The number of individual arthropods collected from a square meter of soil changed from 0 to 2560. The total abundance of arthropods increased from 1.2 to 4 times under biosolid application (p < 0.05), but biosolid application had no effects on simple measures of richness and diversity (Shannon–Weaver index). Multivariate ordination techniques showed a significant shift of the arthropod community structure under biosolid application due to differing responses of several taxa to the biosolids. Redundancy analysis highlighted the influential role of soil chemical properties (soil organic C, total N, water content, microbial biomass, and pH) and cadmium in shaping the soil arthropod structure. These results suggest that long-term biosolid application with limited heavy metal concentrations does not have detrimental effects on soil arthropods or microbial-related soil function.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Moyo, P., E. Allsopp, F. Roets, L. Mostert, and F. Halleen. "Arthropods Vector Grapevine Trunk Disease Pathogens." Phytopathology® 104, no. 10 (October 2014): 1063–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-11-13-0303-r.

Full text

Abstract:

Arthropod-mediated dispersal of pathogens is known in many cropping systems but has never been demonstrated for grapevine trunk disease pathogens. Arthropods from vineyards were screened for the presence of pathogens associated with Petri disease and esca using cultural and molecular techniques. The ability of the most abundant pathogen-carrying species to inoculate healthy grapevine vascular tissues was also determined. Millipedes and ants were allowed to associate with a DsRed- Express-transformed Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, after which they were exposed to freshly pruned healthy grapevines under controlled conditions and wounds were monitored for subsequent infection. In addition, the possibility of millipede excreta, commonly found on pruning wounds in the field, to act as inoculum source was determined. A diverse arthropod fauna was associated with declining grapevines and many of these carried trunk disease pathogens. However, spiders, the ant Crematogaster peringueyi, and the millipede Ommattoiulus moreleti were the most abundant pathogen carriers. The ant and millipede species fed on pruning wound sap and effectively transmitted trunk disease pathogens. Millipede excreta contained viable spores of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and may serve as an inoculum source. Numerous arthropods, including beneficial predators, are potential vectors of grapevine trunk disease pathogens. Our results highlight the need for an integrated approach, including targeted management of ants and millipedes at the time of pruning, to limit the spread of grapevine trunk diseases.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Vitanović, Elda, Marija Ivezić, Sonja Kačić, Miro Katalinić, Paula Durbešić, and Jasminka Igrc Barčić. "Arthropod communities within the olive canopy as bioindicators of different management systems." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 16, no. 2 (July 11, 2018): e0301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2018162-12385.

Full text

Abstract:

Arthropods, within the olive tree canopy, which can act as bioindicators of different management systems (conventional, integrated and organic), were collected in costal Croatia during 2007-2009. The aim of the research was to determine the arthropod orders present in each of the observed olive groves, to identify the number of individuals in each order, and to set potential bioindicators of different management systems. In order to do that, arthropods were collected from the olive canopies at three locations (Supetar, Kaštel Stari and Duilovo). After the samples were sorted according to orders, and determined according to arthropods determination keys. Olive groves were characterised by the same growth conditions and environment, with differences in agricultural management systems. In this investigation, 7882 arthropods were collected, belonging to 17 orders. It was found that Diptera, Heteroptera and other Hemiptera individuals, excluded Cicadidae and Psyllidae family individuals, could be defined as potential bioindicators of olive groves under different management systems. The number of Araneae and Coleoptera individuals significantly differed in all researched olive groves. So, these orders can be considered as bioindicators of different management systems. The knowledge obtained in this research can potentially be exploited in olive production in the future. Obtained results represent an important contribution to the inventory of arthropods in olive canopy. Also, this research significantly improves understanding of both harmful and beneficial entomofauna in olive groves and consequently contributes to better understanding of the total entomofauna in Croatia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Sterk, G. "STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES ON BENEFICIAL ARTHROPODS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 347 (October 1993): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1993.347.26.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Winsor, Susan. "Beneficial Arthropods of the Corn Belt and Great Plains." Crops & Soils 55, no. 2 (February 15, 2022): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crso.20178.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Downes, Sharon. "Do GM Crops Harm Beneficial Arthropods Through Their Feeding?" Outlooks on Pest Management 15, no. 6 (December 1, 2004): 284–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1564/15dec14.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Dunbar, Mike W., Aaron J. Gassmann, and Matthew E. O’Neal. "Impacts of Rotation Schemes on Ground-Dwelling Beneficial Arthropods." Environmental Entomology 45, no. 5 (August 21, 2016): 1154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvw104.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Biondi, Antonio, Veerle Mommaerts, Guy Smagghe, Elisa Viñuela, Lucia Zappalà, and Nicolas Desneux. "The non-target impact of spinosyns on beneficial arthropods." Pest Management Science 68, no. 12 (October 29, 2012): 1523–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ps.3396.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Smith, Michael W., Don C. Arnold, Raymond D. Eikenbary, Natasha R. Rice, Asrat Shiferaw, Becky S. Cheary, and Becky L. Carroll. "Influence of Ground Cover on Beneficial Arthropods in Pecan." Biological Control 6, no. 2 (April 1996): 164–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bcon.1996.0021.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Pardon, P., J. Mertens, B. Reubens, D. Reheul, T. Coussement, A. Elsen, V. Nelissen, and K. Verheyen. "Juglans regia (walnut) in temperate arable agroforestry systems: effects on soil characteristics, arthropod diversity and crop yield." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 35, no. 5 (May 7, 2019): 533–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170519000176.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractAgroforestry (AF) is considered to be a sustainable land use practice as it combines agricultural production with multiple beneficial effects such as carbon sequestration, enhanced nutrient cycling and increased biodiversity. Quantification of these beneficial effects in temperate arable fields is still limited, however, and most studies focus on one sole parameter (i.e., impact on crop productivity, soil quality, biodiversity, etc.). Combined effects are only rarely considered, resulting in a lack of integrated quantification. Here we assess the effect of rows of walnut trees (Juglans regia L.) on soil organic carbon (SOC), soil nutrient status, the presence of potentially beneficial ground-dwelling arthropods and on the yield and quality of neighboring arable crops. Significantly higher SOC and soil nutrient concentrations were found near the trees, which is assumed to be primarily a result of tree leaf litter input. Abundance of macro-detritivorous arthropods was increased in and near the tree rows, whereas only limited effects of tree presence were found on the presence of the predatory arthropod taxa under study. The yield of all crops under study was reduced as a result of tree presence, with the strongest reductions observed for grain maize and sugar beet near the trees (<10 m). In addition, alteration of crop quality was observed near tree rows with decreased dry matter concentration of grain samples and increased crude protein concentration of winter cereals.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Rice, N. R., M. W. Smith, R. D. Eikenbary, D. C. Arnold, W. L. Tedders, B. W. Wood, G. G. Taylor, B. S. Landgraf, and G. E. Barlow. "STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING PESTICIDE AND FERTILIZER INPUTS IN PECAN ORCHARDS." HortScience 29, no. 7 (July 1994): 730f—730. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.7.730f.

Full text

Abstract:

Annual legume ground covers were evaluated in pecan (Carya illinoinensis) orchards to supply nitrogen and increase beneficial arthropods. Treatments were established at two sites, each with 5 ha of a `Dixie' crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum) /hairy, vetch (Vicia villosa) mixture and 5 ha of grass sod. Data indicated that the legume mixture supplied over 100 kg·ha-1 N to the pecan trees. Beneficial arthropods were greater in orchards with legume ground covers than in orchards with a grass groundcover. Lady beetles and green lacewings were the most important spring predators, and green lacewings were the most important fall predator. The Species distribution on the ground covers differed from that in the canopy. Coleomegilla maculata lengi, Hippodamia convergens and Coccinella septempunctata were the most abundant lady beetle species in the legume ground covers, and Olla v-nigrum, Cycloneda munda, and Hippodamia convergens were the most abundant species in the pecan canopies. Beneficial arthropods appeared to suppress injurious pecan aphids.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Jones, Matthew S., Henri Vanhanen, Rainer Peltola, and Frank Drummond. "A global review of arthropod-mediated ecosystem-services in Vaccinium berry agroecosystems." Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews 7, no. 1 (April 28, 2014): 41–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18749836-06041074.

Full text

Abstract:

Native beneficial arthropods, including bees, predators, and parasitoids, provide valuable ecosystem services, which help to maintain agricultural productivity and reduce the need for pesticide inputs.Vacciniumberry species are somewhat unique compared to many of the world’s fruit crops in that, up until recently, most of the harvesting and culture of species for food occurred in the geographic regions of their origin. This suggests that insects involved in many of the ecosystem services for these berries are native species that have a shared co-evolutionary history. Due to the shared phylogenetic origins of theVacciniumspp. agroecosystems, the shared need for efficient pollination, and a number of shared agricultural pests, the potential exists for research from these related systems to closely apply to agroecosystems within the same genus. This review brings together research regarding arthropod-mediated ecosystem services from a number of prominentVacciniumagroecosystems worldwide. In total, thirty-nine ecosystem service studies are discussed. These studies quantified arthropod-mediated ecosystem services being provisioned toVacciniumagroecosystems. Additionally, thirty-nine surveys of arthropods closely associated and/or providing ecosystem services toVacciniumsystems are also reviewed. Studies took place almost exclusively in temperate regions with a heavy emphasis on insect pest biological control and pollination services. It is our hope that by synthesizing this body of literature, researchers and growers might be able to utilize research methods, results, and conservation recommendations despite differences in production practices and local arthropod fauna.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Landis, Douglas A., Fabián D. Menalled, Alejandro C. Costamagna, and Tammy K. Wilkinson. "Manipulating plant resources to enhance beneficial arthropods in agricultural landscapes." Weed Science 53, no. 6 (November 2005): 902–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-04-050r1.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Frank, Thomas, Simone Aeschbacher, Mario Barone, Irene Künzle, Christa Lethmayer, and Corinne Mosimann. "Beneficial Arthropods Respond Differentially to Wildflower Areas of Different Age." Annales Zoologici Fennici 46, no. 6 (December 2009): 465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5735/086.046.0607.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Gatehouse, A. M. R., N. Ferry, M. G. Edwards, and H. A. Bell. "Insect-resistant biotech crops and their impacts on beneficial arthropods." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1569 (May 12, 2011): 1438–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0330.

Full text

Abstract:

With a projected population of 10 billion by 2050, an immediate priority for agriculture is to achieve increased crop yields in a sustainable and cost-effective way. The concept of using a transgenic approach was realized in the mid-1990s with the commercial introduction of genetically modified (GM) crops. By 2010, the global value of the seed alone was US $11.2 billion, with commercial biotech maize, soya bean grain and cotton valued at approximately US $150 billion. In recent years, it has become evident that insect-resistant crops expressing δ -endotoxin genes from Bacillus thuringiensis have made a significant beneficial impact on global agriculture, not least in terms of pest reduction and improved quality. However, because of the potential for pest populations to evolve resistance, and owing to lack of effective control of homopteran pests, alternative strategies are being developed. Some of these are based on Bacillus spp. or other insect pathogens, while others are based on the use of plant- and animal-derived genes. However, if such approaches are to play a useful role in crop protection, it is desirable that they do not have a negative impact on beneficial organisms at higher trophic levels thus affecting the functioning of the agro-ecosystem. This widely held concern over the ecological impacts of GM crops has led to the extensive examination of the potential effects of a range of transgene proteins on non-target and beneficial insects. The findings to date with respect to both commercial and experimental GM crops expressing anti-insect genes are discussed here, with particular emphasis on insect predators and parasitoids.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Flexner, J. L., B. Lighthart, and B. A. Croft. "The effects of microbial pesticides on non-target, beneficial arthropods." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 16, no. 3-4 (July 1986): 203–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(86)90005-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Schoonover, J. R., and L. L. Larson. "Laboratory Activity of Spinosad on Non-Target Beneficial Arthropods, 1994." Arthropod Management Tests 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/20.1.357.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Burgio, G., E. Marchesini, N. Reggiani, G. Montepaone, P. Schiatti, and D. Sommaggio. "Habitat management of organic vineyard in Northern Italy: the role of cover plants management on arthropod functional biodiversity." Bulletin of Entomological Research 106, no. 6 (June 17, 2016): 759–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485316000493.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe effect of cover plants on arthropod functional biodiversity was investigated in a vineyard in Northern Italy, through a 3-year field experiment. The following six ground cover plants were tested: Sweet Alyssum; Phacelia; Buckwheat; Faba Bean; Vetch and Oat; control. Arthropods were sampled using different techniques, including collection of leaves, vacuum sampling and sweeping net. Ground cover plant management significantly affected arthropod fauna, including beneficial groups providing ecosystem services like biological control against pests. Many beneficial groups were attracted by ground cover treatments in comparison with control, showing an aggregative numerical response in the plots managed with some of the selected plant species. Alyssum, Buckwheat and ‘Vetch and Oat’ mixture showed attractiveness on some Hymenoptera parasitoid families, which represented 72.3% of the insects collected by sweeping net and 45.7 by vacuum sampling. Phytoseiidae mites showed a significant increase on leaves of the vineyard plots managed with ground covers, in comparison with control, although they did not show any difference among the treatments. In general, the tested ground cover treatments did not increase dangerous Homoptera populations in comparison with control, with the exception of Alyssum. The potential of ground cover plant management in Italian vineyards is discussed: the overall lack of potential negative effects of the plants tested, combined with an aggregative numerical response for many beneficials, seems to show a potential for their use in Northern Italy vineyards.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Pereira, J. L., M. C. Picanço, E. J. G. Pereira, A. A. Silva, A. Jakelaitis, R. R. Pereira, and V. M. Xavier. "Influence of crop management practices on bean foliage arthropods." Bulletin of Entomological Research 100, no. 6 (May 27, 2010): 679–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485310000039.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractCrop management practices can affect the population of phytophagous pest species and beneficial arthropods with consequences for integrated pest management. In this study, we determined the effect of no-tillage and crop residue management on the arthropod community associated with the canopy of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Abundance and species composition of herbivorous, detritivorous, predaceous and parasitoid arthropods were recorded during the growing seasons of 2003 and 2004 in Coimbra County, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Arthropod diversity and guild composition were similar among crop management systems, but their abundance was higher under no-tillage relative to conventional cultivation and where residues from the preceding crop were maintained in the field. Thirty-four arthropod species were recorded, and those most representative of the impact of the crop management practices were Hypogastrura springtails, Empoasca kraemeri and Circulifer leafhoppers, and Solenopsis ants. The infestation levels of major insect-pests, especially leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), was on average seven-fold lower under no-tillage with retention of crop residues relative to the conventional system with removal of residues, whereas the abundance of predatory ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and springtails (Collembola: Hypogastruridae) were, respectively, about seven- and 15-fold higher in that treatment. Importantly, a significant trophic interaction among crop residues, detritivores, predators and herbivores was observed. Plots managed with no-tillage and retention of crop residues had the highest bean yield, while those with conventional cultivation and removal of the crop residues yielded significantly less beans. This research shows that cropping systems that include zero tillage and crop residue retention can reduce infestation by foliar insect-pests and increase abundance of predators and detritivores, thus having direct consequences for insect pest management.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Caccavo, Vittoria, Pierluigi Forlano, Stefania Mirela Mang, Paolo Fanti, Maria Nuzzaci, Donatella Battaglia, and Vincenzo Trotta. "Effects of Trichoderma harzianum Strain T22 on the Arthropod Community Associated with Tomato Plants and on the Crop Performance in an Experimental Field." Insects 13, no. 5 (April 28, 2022): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13050418.

Full text

Abstract:

Fungi belonging to the genus Trichoderma have received much attention in recent years due to their beneficial effects on crop health and their use as pest control agents. Trichoderma activates direct plant defenses against phytophagous arthropods and reinforces indirect plant defense through the attraction of predators. Although the plant defenses against insect herbivores were demonstrated in laboratory experiments, little attention has been paid to the use of Trichoderma spp. in open field conditions. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the inoculation of the commercial Trichoderma harzianum strain T22 on the arthropod community associated with tomato plants and on the crop performance in an experimental field located in South Italy. Our results showed that inoculation with T. harzianum could alter the arthropod community and reduce the abundance of specific pests under field conditions with respect to the sampling period. The present study also confirmed the beneficial effect of T. harzianum against plant pathogens and on tomato fruit. The complex tomato–arthropod–microorganism interactions that occurred in the field are discussed to enrich our current information on the possibilities of using Trichoderma as a green alternative agent in agriculture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Chen, Li-Lin, Pei Yuan, Min-Sheng You, Gabor Pozsgai, Xu Ma, Huaiping Zhu, and Guang Yang. "Cover Crops Enhance Natural Enemies While Help Suppressing Pests in a Tea Plantation." Annals of the Entomological Society of America 112, no. 4 (January 14, 2019): 348–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aesa/say050.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Tea is an economically important crop, consumed by billions of people. Despite the increasing market for pesticide-free products, the use of pesticide in tea is still high. In order to investigate whether intercropping promotes biological control organisms, Chamaecrista rotundifolia (Pers.) Greene, Indigofera hendecaphylla Jacq., Trifolium repens L., and Vigna sinensis (L.) were separately intercropped with free weeding as control in a tea plantation at Yangli, China. Arthropods were collected by taking sweep-net samples, and treatment effects on assemblages were investigated. The combined species richness of all arthropods and that of parasitoids was significantly increased in intercropped treatments while the species richness of herbivores and predators was only greater in C. rotundifolia and I. hendecaphylla intercropped treatments. Compared with control, the combined abundance of all arthropods, and that of herbivores was lower, while the abundance of parasitoids and its taxa was greater in all intercropped treatments. The abundance of predators and its taxa was greater only in tea plantations intercropped with C. rotundifolia or I. hendecaphylla. Of the herbivores, the abundance of Empoasca onukii Matsuda, Sternorrhyncha, Aleyrodidae, and Pentatomidae was greater in the areas intercropped with C. rotundifolia in comparison with the control, but the abundance of Thysanoptera and Geometridae caterpillars was lower. The recorded increase in the abundance of beneficial arthropods may explain the lower abundance of Thysanoptera or Geometridae caterpillars detected in the intercropped tea plantations. Our results indicate that intercropping has the potential to enhance arthropod biodiversity, and to provide an option for sustainable pest control in tea plantations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Lundgren, Jonathan G., John T. Shaw, Edmond R. Zaborski, and Catherine E. Eastman. "The influence of organic transition systems on beneficial ground-dwelling arthropods and predation of insects and weed seeds." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 21, no. 4 (December 2006): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/raf2006152.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe influence of farm management practices on ground-dwelling natural enemy communities and predation of insects and weed seeds was investigated over the first 2 years of the transition from conventional to organic production. Three transition strategies were selected that differed in their management and input intensities, and were characteristic of pasture/ley systems (low intensity), cash grain systems (intermediate intensity), and vegetable production (high intensity). Beneficial arthropods (insectivores and granivores) were monitored using pitfall (arthropod activity) and quadrat (arthropod density) samples. The frequency of predation on restrained larvae ofGalleria mellonellaand the species observed feeding were recorded. Weekly removal rates of weed seeds representative of abundant species at our site were monitored over a 3-week period during fall. Management intensity affected the activity and abundance of biological control agents. In year two of the transition, biological control agent densities were higher in the low-intensity treatment than in the other two treatments, but activity of insectivores and granivores was reduced in this treatment relative to the higher intensity systems. The patterns in the abundances of biological control agents may be explained by habitat stability within the different cropping systems. Quadrat samples were strongly correlated with the insectivory index, although pitfall samples were not. Insectivory rates were highest (>80% ofG. mellonellalarvae) in the low-intensity treatment. Predation patterns over a 17-h period differed substantially among the management treatments, indicating behaviorally distinct insectivore communities. Seed removal was also highest in the low-intensity treatment. We conclude that low-intensity cropping systems are most favorable to the abundance and function of beneficial ground-dwelling arthropod communities (insectivores and granivores) during the transition process.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Okrikata, E., H. Agere, I. O. Adepoju, and S. P. Malu. "Impact of doubling the recommended dose of Magicforce (Lambda-Cyhalothrin + Dimethoate) on major associated arthropods and performance of watermelon." Ife Journal of Science 23, no. 1 (May 3, 2021): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijs.v23i1.7.

Full text

Abstract:

Some crop growers hold the view that application of pesticides at higher than the manufacturer's recommended doses results in better pest control and crop productivity. The veracity of this perception was evaluated in field experiments at the experimental field of Federal University Wukari. A recommended insecticide and acaricide; ® Magicforce (Lambda-cyhalothrin 15g/L + Dimethoate 300 g/L) was evaluated against insect pests of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) and other associated beneficial arthropods. The experiments were laid in a Randomized Complete Block Design with five treatments (control inclusive). Data collected includes arthropod (pest and beneficial) densities, crop growth, and number of fruits at the early-fruiting stage which were analyzed using variance analysis after appropriate transformations. Student's t-test was used to compare early- and lateseason's variables while correlation and regression analyses were used to determine relationships between key variables. Results showed that plots treated with double the highest manufacturer's recommended dose of ® Magicforce (cost implication of ₦ 144,000) had lower pest (leaf beetle species and Bactrocera cucurbitae) and beneficial arthropod (predatory ants, spiders and Apis mellifera) densities than those treated with the lowest (cost – ₦ 48,000) and highest (cost – ₦ 72,000) recommended doses. Their plant growth (vine length and number of leaves) and fruit production were however comparatively lower though largely statistically comparable. The ® relationship between the quantity of Magicforce applied and number of fruits produced were though positive, 2 2 only moderate and insignificant in both early- (r = 0.665, R = 44.3%, p = 0.220) and late- (r = 0.659, R = 43.4%, p = 0.227) crops. The results revealed that the application of double the manufacturer's recommended dose of ® Magicforce (with its comparatively higher cost implication of 100 – 200%) suppressed growth of watermelon by 1.96 – 6.20%, and impeded fruit production by 9.14 – 13.30%. While there is need to verify the mechanism of this key finding, the need to source for genuine pesticides and follow manufacturer's recommended doses a re highlighted. Keywords: Arthropods, Insect pests, Organophosphate, Pesticide over-dose, Pyrethroid, Watermelon

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Bostanian, N. J., H. Goulet, J. O'Hara, L. Masner, and G. Racette. "Towards Insecticide Free Apple Orchards: Flowering Plants to Attract Beneficial Arthropods." Biocontrol Science and Technology 14, no. 1 (February 2004): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09583150310001606570.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Gardiner, Mary A., Julianna K. Tuell, Rufus Isaacs, Jason Gibbs, John S. Ascher, and Douglas A. Landis. "Implications of Three Biofuel Crops for Beneficial Arthropods in Agricultural Landscapes." BioEnergy Research 3, no. 1 (January 23, 2010): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-009-9065-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Taylor, Rebecca L., Bruce D. Maxwell, and Robert J. Boik. "Indirect effects of herbicides on bird food resources and beneficial arthropods." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 116, no. 3-4 (September 2006): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.01.012.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Salamanca, Jordano, Brígida Souza, Vera Kyryczenko-Roth, and Cesar Rodriguez-Saona. "Methyl Salicylate Increases Attraction and Function of Beneficial Arthropods in Cranberries." Insects 10, no. 12 (November 25, 2019): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10120423.

Full text

Abstract:

Methyl salicylate (MeSA) is an herbivore-induced plant volatile (HIPV) known to attract the natural enemies of herbivores in agro-ecosystems; however, whether this attraction leads to an increase in natural enemy functioning, i.e., predation, remains largely unknown. Here, we monitored for 2 years (2011–2012) the response of herbivores and natural enemies to MeSA lures (PredaLure) by using sticky and pitfall traps in cranberry bogs. In addition, European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, egg masses were used to determine whether natural enemy attraction to MeSA leads to higher predation. In both years, MeSA increased adult hoverfly captures on sticky traps and augmented predation of O. nubilalis eggs. However, MeSA also attracted more phytophagous thrips and, in 2012, more plant bugs (Miridae) to sticky traps. Furthermore, we used surveillance cameras to record the identity of natural enemies attracted to MeSA and measure their predation rate. Video recordings showed that MeSA lures increase visitation by adult lady beetles, adult hoverflies, and predatory mites to sentinel eggs, and predation of these eggs doubled compared to no-lure controls. Our data indicate that MeSA lures increase predator attraction, resulting in increased predation; thus, we provide evidence that attraction to HIPVs can increase natural enemy functioning in an agro-ecosystem.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Sotherton, N. W., and S. J. Moreby. "The effects of foliar fungicides on beneficial arthropods in wheat fields." Entomophaga 33, no. 1 (March 1988): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02372317.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Franzmann, B. A., A. T. Hardy, D. A. H. Murray, and R. G. Henzell. "Host-plant resistance and biopesticides: ingredients for successful integrated pest management (IPM) in Australian sorghum production." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 12 (2008): 1594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08071.

Full text

Abstract:

There are two major pests of sorghum in Australia, the sorghum midge, Stenodiplosis sorghicola (Coquillett), and the corn earworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). During the past 10 years the management of these pests has undergone a revolution, due principally to the development of sorghum hybrids with resistance to sorghum midge. Also contributing has been the adoption of a nucleopolyhedrovirus for the management of corn earworm. The practical application of these developments has led to a massive reduction in the use of synthetic insecticides for the management of major pests of sorghum in Australia. These changes have produced immediate economic, environmental and social benefits. Other flow-on benefits include providing flexibility in planting times, the maintenance of beneficial arthropods and utilisation of sorghum as a beneficial arthropod nursery, a reduction in midge populations and a reduction in insecticide resistance development in corn earworm. Future developments in sorghum pest management are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Akpan, Akaninyene U., C. C. Ojianwuna, P. M. E. Ubulom, C. A. Yaro, and D. E. Oboho. "EFFECT OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS ON THE ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITY OF TERMITES AND OTHER ARTHROPODS IN TERMITE MOUNDS IN UYO, AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0402-206.

Full text

Abstract:

Termites are generally regarded as pests, although they have some beneficial roles to play in the ecosystem, particularly in the soil. This study was conducted between January 2018 and April 2018, to determine the effect of physico-chemical parametrs on abundance and diversity of termites and other arthropods in termite mounds in Uinversity of Uyo Community. Soil samples were randomly collected from six termite mounds from two sites for physiochemical parameters analysis and these were temperature, pH, moisture content, nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, sodium, potassium, manganese and iron.. The termites and other arthropods were preserved in 70% ethanol. Temperature and moisture content, copper, sodium and iron were significant. The results revealed that the physicochemical parameters affected the termite species abundance as station 1 (539) had relatively more of the termite species than station 2 (551), and also affected the diversity of the termites as station 1 (0.89) had relatively more diversity of the termites than station 2 (0.66). Also from the results, station 1 (2.06) had relatively more diversity of the other arthropod species identified in the study area than station 2 (1.59). Macrotermes bellicosus and Odontermes badius termite species were identified. Musca domestica, Anopheles gambiae, Lasius sp, Archispirostreptus sp, Camponotus sp, Missulena sp, Chorthippus sp, Acheta sp and Blatta orientalis were the other arthropods collected and identified. Macrotermes bellicosus (59.93 %; 63.52 %) was the most abundance and dorminant of the termite species identified in the study areas. Lasius sp (45; 25.93 %)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Beneficial arthropods'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles