Relevant bibliographies by topics / Benefits of chemistry practicals

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Benefits of chemistry practicals'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Benefits of chemistry practicals"

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Honsa, Julie D., and Deborah A. McIntyre. "ISO 17025: Practical Benefits of Implementing a Quality System." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 86, no. 5 (September 1, 2003): 1038–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/86.5.1038.

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Abstract As a laboratory certified to ISO 9001:2000 and accredited to ISO 17025, rtech laboratories has incorporated an overall system for technical and quality management, which results in benefits observed in daily laboratory practices. Technical requirements were updated to include the addition of formal personnel training plans and detailed records, method development and validation procedures, measurement of method uncertainty, and a defined equipment calibration and maintenance program. In addition, a stronger definition of the sample preparation process was documented to maintain consistency in sampling, and a more rigorous quality control monitoring program was implemented for chemistry and microbiology. Management quality improvements focused on document control to maintain consistent analytical processes, improved monitoring of supplier performance, a contract review process for documenting customer requirements, and a system for handling customer comments and complaints, with continuous improvement through corrective and preventive action procedures and audits. Quarterly management review of corrective actions, nonconforming testing, and proficiency testing aid in determining long-term trending. The practical benefits of these technical and management quality improvements are seen on a daily basis in the laboratory. Faster identification and resolution of issues regarding methods, personnel or equipment, improved customer satisfaction, meeting quality requirements of specialized customers, and overall increased laboratory business are all the result of implementing an effective quality system.
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Rahimi, Humapar Azhar, Omid Afghan, Angeela Dadwar, Valentina Nori, Mahmood Mahaly, and Hamasa Eftkhar. "Content analysis of chemistry book of eleventh school grade, from an application point of view: A case study at Professor Rasool Amin School in Kabul province." International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies 2, no. 4 (November 11, 2019): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v2i4.24.

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In this research, the application of eleventh grade chemistry book content on the daily life of students at professor Rasoon Amin school in kabul provinces has been studied. The application has been evaluatyed at two levels of social and individual bases. The research was based on the active components of William Roman's theory and the context-based approach, which based on this theory, the practical content of the book, encourages students to use it in their daily lives. The results of this study showed that the practical content of the 11th grade chemistry in daily life has confirmed to maintain the health of students with more than 80% of their answers. Recognition of natural resources using chemistry content is more than 80% in students and they feel responsibility about 80% in their lives. In addition, more than 80% of students have taken benefits of chemistry content. On the other hand, the study made it clear that whenever the subject is taught empirically and practically and the students' attention is drawn to practical activities, it can be used in all aspects of everyday’s life.
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Tolvanen, Simo, and Maija Aksela. "Utilizing microcomputer-based laboratory in inquiry-based chemistry learning." Lumat: International Journal of Math, Science and Technology Education 1, no. 4 (December 30, 2013): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31129/lumat.v1i4.1098.

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In inquiry-based chemistry learning, students can seek answers to research questions by designing and implementing a laboratory work and evaluating the results. Microcomputer-based laboratory equipment that enable the drawing of graphs about the studied phenomenon in real-time, can be utilized in the practical work. In international COMBLAB project, six practical laboratory activities have been developed for chemistry education. The aim of the activities is to support the students’ ability to use their knowledge about chemistry in reasoning and develop their inquiry skills. In the development of the activities, previous research on the benefits and challenges of the use of microcomputer-based laboratory was taken into account, and the designed activities have been tested with teachers and students in five countries. The project is now half way through and seeks interested teachers for the further development of the activities.
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McGarvey, David J. "Industry-linked context-based chemistry practicals." New Directions in the Teaching of Physical Sciences, no. 2 (December 1, 2006): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/ndtps.v0i2.436.

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There is considerable evidence that the use of tangible contexts enriches the learning experience for students. In view of this, the author has developed two ‘industry-linked context-based chemistry practicals’ that illustrate the importance of core chemistry topics within commercial/industrial contexts. A common feature of the practicals is that the students work with actual commercial samples and compare their data with that published by the two companies. The principal features of the two practicals are described and contrasted with conventional practicals. Finally, the results of a student evaluation of the practicals are reported.
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Sneddon, PH, and R. Douglas. "The attitudes towards, and experiences of, laboratory teaching in Year 1 chemistry and physics university courses." New Directions in the Teaching of Physical Sciences, no. 9 (February 12, 2016): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/ndtps.v0i9.499.

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Our study compares the attitudes to their lab experience of students in two science subjects, Chemistry and Physics. We found this to be consistent across the disciplines. Laboratory learning is appreciated by students, as a means to develop knowledge and skills. Many of the benefits that students report are in line with the aims set out by the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT) for practical teaching. This suggests that laboratory teaching in both subjects is meeting its goals and providing a valuable contribution to the education of students.
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Adelhelm, Philipp, Pascal Hartmann, Conrad L. Bender, Martin Busche, Christine Eufinger, and Juergen Janek. "From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 6 (April 23, 2015): 1016–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.6.105.

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Research devoted to room temperature lithium–sulfur (Li/S8) and lithium–oxygen (Li/O2) batteries has significantly increased over the past ten years. The race to develop such cell systems is mainly motivated by the very high theoretical energy density and the abundance of sulfur and oxygen. The cell chemistry, however, is complex, and progress toward practical device development remains hampered by some fundamental key issues, which are currently being tackled by numerous approaches. Quite surprisingly, not much is known about the analogous sodium-based battery systems, although the already commercialized, high-temperature Na/S8 and Na/NiCl2 batteries suggest that a rechargeable battery based on sodium is feasible on a large scale. Moreover, the natural abundance of sodium is an attractive benefit for the development of batteries based on low cost components. This review provides a summary of the state-of-the-art knowledge on lithium–sulfur and lithium–oxygen batteries and a direct comparison with the analogous sodium systems. The general properties, major benefits and challenges, recent strategies for performance improvements and general guidelines for further development are summarized and critically discussed. In general, the substitution of lithium for sodium has a strong impact on the overall properties of the cell reaction and differences in ion transport, phase stability, electrode potential, energy density, etc. can be thus expected. Whether these differences will benefit a more reversible cell chemistry is still an open question, but some of the first reports on room temperature Na/S8 and Na/O2 cells already show some exciting differences as compared to the established Li/S8 and Li/O2 systems.
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Dixon, Anne. "Practical Application of ISO Cleanroom Standards." Journal of the IEST 49, no. 1 (June 20, 2006): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.49.1.y6v045540378n315.

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The original work of ISO Technical Committee (TC) 209 Cleanrooms and associated controlled environments is nearly complete. When the TC sat down in 1993 to begin developing a set of international standards, members could not have predicted all of the benefits these standards provide.
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Swaminath, Arun, Eric P. Berlin, Adam Cheifetz, Ed Hoffenberg, Jami Kinnucan, Laura Wingate, Sarah Buchanan, Nada Zmeter, and David T. Rubin. "The Role of Cannabis in the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review of Clinical, Scientific, and Regulatory Information." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 25, no. 3 (October 24, 2018): 427–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izy319.

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Abstract There is significant interest among patients and providers in using cannabis (marijuana) and its derivatives to treat a number of chronic illnesses, including inflammatory bowel disease. Despite the Schedule I classification of cannabis by the federal government, state governments have sought ways to make cannabis available for specific medical conditions, and some states have legalized cannabis outright. This white paper summarizes the preclinical data, clinical data, safety data, and the regulatory landscape as they apply to medical cannabis use in inflammatory bowel disease. Animal models of cannabinoid chemistry and physiology give evidence of anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, and nociceptive-limiting properties. Human studies have found benefit in controlling symptoms and improving quality of life, but no studies have established true disease modification given the absent improvement in biomarker profiles or endoscopic healing. Finally, this review describes the legal, regulatory, and practical hurdles to studying the risks and benefits of medical cannabis in the United States. 10.1093/ibd/izy319_video1 izy319.video1 5852852028001
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Liang, Zhongxin, Hongrui Liang, Yizhan Guo, and Dong Yang. "Cyanidin 3-O-galactoside: A Natural Compound with Multiple Health Benefits." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5 (February 24, 2021): 2261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052261.

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Cyanidin 3-O-galactoside (Cy3Gal) is one of the most widespread anthocyanins that positively impacts the health of animals and humans. Since it is available from a wide range of natural sources, such as fruits (apples and berries in particular), substantial studies were performed to investigate its biosynthesis, chemical stability, natural occurrences and content, extraction methods, physiological functions, as well as potential applications. In this review, we focus on presenting the previous studies on the abovementioned aspects of Cy3Gal. As a conclusion, Cy3Gal shares a common biosynthesis pathway and analogous stability with other anthocyanins. Galactosyltransferase utilizing uridine diphosphate galactose (UDP-galactose) and cyanidin as substrates is unique for Cy3Gal biosynthesis. Extraction employing different methods reveals chokeberry as the most practical natural source for mass-production of this compound. The antioxidant properties and other health effects, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-toxicity, cardiovascular, and nervous protective capacities, are highlighted in purified Cy3Gal and in its combination with other polyphenols. These unique properties of Cy3Gal are discussed and compared with other anthocyanins with related structure for an in-depth evaluation of its potential value as food additives or health supplement. Emphasis is laid on the description of its physiological functions confirmed via various approaches.
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Cemper-Kiesslich, Jan, Mark R. McCoy, and Fabian Kanz. "Ancient DNA and Forensics Mutual Benefits a Practical Sampling and Laboratory Guide Through a Virtual Ancient DNA Study." Bulletin of Legal Medicine 19, no. 1 (September 23, 2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17986/blm.2014191809.

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Genetic information discovered, characterized for and used in forensic case-works and anthropology has shown to be also highly useful and relevant in investigating human remains from archaeological findings. By technical means, forensic and aDNA (ancient Deoxyribonucleic acid) analyses are well suited to be done using the same laboratory infrastructures and scientific expertise referring to sampling, sample protection, sample processing, contamination control as well as requiring analogous technical know how and knowledge on reading and interpreting DNA encoded information. Forensic genetics has significantly profited from aDNA-related developments (and vice versa, of course!), especially, when it comes to the identification of unknown human remains referring to the detection limit. Additionally the tremendous developments of analyzing chemistry and kits as well as instruments in forensics opened the whole panel of reading human and nonhuman DNA for historians and archaeologists but also for anthropologists. Ancient DNA / molecular archaeology, however, is not limited to the comparatively restrictive set of information as usually employed in forensic case work analyses but can also be applied to phenotypical markers, ethno-related genotypes or pathological features.In this review the authors give a general overview on the field of ancient DNA analysis focussing of the potentials and limits, fields of application, requirements for samples, laboratory setup, reaction design and equipment as well as a brief outlook on current developments, future perspectives and potential cross links with associated scientific disciplines.Key words: Human DNA, Ancient DNA, Forensic DNA typing, Molecular archaeology, Application.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Benefits of chemistry practicals"

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Malmström, David. "Nanoparticles in capillary electrophoresis : what are the benefits?" Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Analytisk kemi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-147008.

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Capillary electrophoresis is a technique that separate compounds based on charge and size. During the last two decades capillary electrophoresis (CE) and mass spectrometry (MS) has gained in interest, become more robust to use and able to separate neutral analytes. The separation of neutral analytes was first achieved with packed columns, but several disadvantages can be obtained with a stationary phase and the method of packing capillaries. Therefore, pseudostationary phases became a good alternative. The risk of clogging, memory effects and lower efficiency could be minimized with pseudophases. However, since mass spectrometry has become the most important analytical detector, and play a key role in the search for biomarkers in clinical applications, it is important that CE can successfully be combined with MS. To obtain this hyphenation several types of interfaces for the vital ion source exist. In paper I an atmospheric pressure photoionization interface was investigated in order to accomplish an improved detection sensitivity. The knowledge attained with this type of interface could then be transferred to the one used in paper II, the electrospray ionization interface (ESI), where the use of a MS friendly nanoparticle based pseudostationary phase was investigated. Both studies showed that it is still possible to improve the separation technique and modify the ion source in order to improve the detection sensitivity for capillary electrophoresis hyphenated with mass spectrometry.
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Potter, Matthew. "Understanding the catalytic benefits of multi-metallic active sites in microporous aluminophosphates." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/374681/.

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Structure-property correlations, which direct the formation of specific active-acid sites, in nanoporous materials have been explored with the aim to further the notion of rational catalyst design. It is demonstrated that the influence of the specific zeotype framework extends beyond modulating Brønsted acidity, with the framework topology playing a fundamental role in reaction kinetics. The structural integrity and nature of the active site has been probed using a combined catalysis and multi-technique characterisation study, aimed at optimising the sustainable production of ε-Caprolactam, the precursor of the recyclable Nylon 6 polymer. The effect of bimetallic substitution, with an aim to generate novel acid sites, has been explored using Mg2+, Zn2+ and Si4+ dopants. Through a combined CO and lutidine probed FT-IR study, the nature of the acid site has been examined and correlated to the nature of the dopants present. The presence of multiple dopant atoms has had a significant effect on catalytic activity, modulating the presence of acid sites to allow new active species to be discovered, and prompting synergistic interactions in multi-step pathways. A combined X-ray absorption spectroscopy and ab initio DFT theoretical study was used to probe the nature of the active sites responsible for catalytic synergy in Co-Ti bimetallic nanoporous frameworks. Contrasting the bimetallic and analogous monometallic species has led to the discovery of a unique bimetallic Co-O-Ti bond. The properties of this bond have been explored and contrasted with the analogous monometallic species, with specific reference to their catalytic applicability for sustainable oxidation reactions. The catalytic synergy prompted by the bimetallic substitution in the CoTiAlPO-5 material has been investigated and contrasted to the monometallic system. Specific focus was placed on the in-situ production of hydroxylamine as part of the sustainable aerobic ammoximation of cyclohexanone. Periodic DFT calculations have revealed subtle mechanistic differences between the mono- and bimetallic systems which account for energetic differences in the rate determining step of the reaction pathway.
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Carter, Justin Michael. "Hydrogen sulfide releasing donors and their benefits to crop growth." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6554.

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been identified to be produced in small quantities in plants and animals. H2S has been shown to have numerous benefits including improving the tolerance of plants to a variety of stressors and improving the harvest yields of plants. Because of the ever-increasing population of the planet, it is necessary to grow more food and increasing the yield of a harvest is essential to do that. GYY-4137, a H2S donor, releases H2S very slowly in water but released it much faster with organic solvents and soil. The long-term growth of plants with GYY-4137 was investigated for 6 weeks with radishes, peas, and lettuce. Dithiophosphosphates were investigated as H2S donors to be used to improve the growth of crops. These donors were studied to determine their degradation rates in water and organic solvents. Rates of H2S release were compared at various concentrations in water and contrasted with the release of H2S from GYY-4137. Dialkyldithiophosphates have not been used in prior work as H2S donors to improve crop yields. Maize was grown for 4 weeks with dibutyldithiophosphate ammonium salt and the plants showed up to 38% increase in weight. These results show that dibutyldithiophosphate releases H2S at a similar rate to that of GYY-4137 and can have a significant benefit to increase the weight of maize.
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Bullock, David Grahame. "External quality assessment in clinical chemistry : an examination of requirements, applications and benefits." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1988. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1405/.

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This thesis describes studies of the requirements, applications and benefits of external quality assessment (EQA) of clinical chemistry laboratories. The involvement of EQA in assessing the analytical quality of results from clinical chemistry laboratories is well-established. This thesis addresses the contribution of EQA in improving clinical chemistry practice and therefore patient care rather than as a method of 'policing' laboratory performance which is the objective of many national EQA schemes. The use of EQA in the assessment of interlaboratory agreement, of analytical methods, of individual laboratory performance, and of quality control and calibration materials is discussed. Surveys are examined as a means to assess the prevailing standard of performance and determine priorities for further EQA to improve performance. The contribution of scoring systems to scheme success by making the information more intelligible to participants is described. The importance of reliable target values is shown, and the reproducibility and accuracy of consensus values in such schemes have been studied. EQA data are shown to be invaluable in providing information on the relative performance of analytical procedures, and on factors such as analyte concentration and laboratory workload which affect performance. The stepwise interpretation of the Variance Index scoring system, and the use of graphical presentations in assisting the assessment of laboratory performance are described. Finally, the use of EQA data in the study of the suitability of quality control materials is examined, with particular reference to their commutability, their use in calibration, and the effects of manufacturing procedures upon their properties. This thesis illustrates the importance of EQA to clinical chemistry practice and to patient care.
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Leadley, Craig Edward. "Understanding the effects of high-pressure, high-temperature processing on the key quality parameters of green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) with a view to assessing the potential quality benefits of the approach relative to conventional thermal processing." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3333/.

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Studies were conducted to explore whether high pressure (up to 700 MPa) could be used in combination with elevated temperatures (up to 90°C initial temperature) to produce ambient stable green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) with improved quality compared with conventionally heat processed samples. Colour changes, texture change and chlorophyll retention were explored at a range of pressures, temperatures and times using a surface response methodology. Texture changes were essentially related to temperature effects; higher temperatures resulted in a greater loss in texture. Significant improvements in texture retention were possible using High Pressure Sterilisation (HPS) but sample colour was negatively affected. Colour parameters were predicted primarily by time and pressure so deterioration in green vegetable quality for a commercially sterile products appears inevitable when using HPS. The use of ohmic heating as a pre-heating method greatly reduced cook values (T\(_{ref}\) = 100°C, z = 39C°) for colour degradation (down to 0.24, 0.12, 0.35 from 3.02, 2.50, 3.70 minutes for ohmically heating and water bath heated samples respectively) which yielded significant benefits in terms of colour retention of raw materials at the start of the HPS cycle; values of a* and b* for ohmically pre-heated samples were close to that of blanched beans.
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Davis, Bridgit Helen. "Measuring the views of grade 10-12 Gauteng school learners on Chemistry practicals." Diss., 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/997.

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The two-part Views on Chemistry Practicals (VOCP) instrument for measuring the views of grade 10 to 12 Physical Science students about the benefits and problems of Chemistry practicals was empirically developed and trialed using six schools in Gauteng. The summary part of the resultant VOCP instrument comprises 24 Likert items and the explanatory part comprises 24 multiple-choice items with 163 options, thus creating a unique current record of a wide range of students' views of chemistry practicals and providing teachers with a tool for improving chemistry practicals. The trial of the instrument with 230 students from three schools indicated that the summary part of the instrument is reliable (Cronbach alpha coefficient) and that a shortened explanatory part of the instrument is reliable (Chi squared values for 17 items with 98 options). The validity of the VOCP instrument was established through the empirical development of the instrument using triangulation of data.
Educational Studies
M.Ed. (Natural Science Education)
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Colen, Tuaundu. "The relationship between teacher-learner interaction and the laboratory learning environment during chemistry practicals in Namibia." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13514.

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The purpose of this study was to find out if there is a relationship between teacher-learner interactions and laboratory learning environment in Chemistry practicals in Namibia. Literatures and questionnaires from 1383 learners and 12 teachers have proven that the interactions between teacher and learners have great impact on the performance, understanding and the environment that prevail in the laboratory. The main data collection methods used was the mixed method research through the use of questionnaires and interviews. The results from the study show that good teacher-learner interactions have contributed to the positive learning environment that prevails in Namibian schools. Although the majority of the learners especially the girls have negative connotations towards Chemistry in terms of content, calculations and assessment generally learners look forward and are excited to do experiments in practical work. The impact of the excitement and willingness of learners to do practical investigations has not proven to improve learners‘ performance in Chemistry practical work in Namibia. The majority of the learners rated their teachers as good in subject knowledge, good leaders, helpful and friendly during practical investigations. The shortage of chemicals, equipments in laboratory activities that should have inspired involvement of learners in handling equipments is one of the factors that contributed negatively to the learning environment and teacher-learners interactions. Teachers mostly resolve to demonstrations due to lack of chemicals and equipment. Some schools show low/poor level of learner-learner interactions because some learners tease, laugh and discourage others during practical investigations. Chemistry laboratories in Namibia are characterised by lack of equipment, chemicals, poorly behave learners while on the other hand there are good behaviours from the teachers‘ side with most learners showing that their teachers always try to make the best out of the prevailing situations in the laboratories. The laboratory environment in Namibia closely resemble laboratory environment in other studies in Asia, Africa and Europe. From empirical evidence it can be therefore concluded that there is a relationship between teacher-learner interactions and laboratory learning environment in Chemistry practicals in Namibia. Although the relationship is not as harmonious or congruent as it ought to be, the government of Namibia can play a greater role in creating positive, productive and enjoyable learning environment by supplying secondary schools‘ laboratories with the needed equipment and chemicals to support the practical work as stated in the Physical Science syllabi. The three questionnaire used were rated by learners and teacher as effective; easy to understand; covering most areas of the Chemistry environment; not time consuming, statistically valid and consistent. The changes made to the questionnaire fit well to the Namibia Chemistry environment and it produced nearly the same reliability and validity when compared to the pilot study questionnaire and other similar questionnaires used in other country.
Curriculum and Instructional Studies
D. Ed. (Didactics of Education)
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Tuaundu, Colen. "The relationship between teacher-learner interaction and the laboratory learning environment during chemistry practicals in Namibia." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13858.

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The purpose of this study was to find out if there is a relationship between teacher-learner interactions and laboratory learning environment in Chemistry practicals in Namibia. Literatures and questionnaires from 1383 learners and 12 teachers have proven that the interactions between teacher and learners have great impact on the performance, understanding and the environment that prevail in the laboratory. The main data collection methods used was the mixed method research through the use of questionnaires and interviews. The results from the study show that good teacher-learner interactions have contributed to the positive learning environment that prevails in Namibian schools. Although the majority of the learners especially the girls have negative connotations towards Chemistry in terms of content, calculations and assessment generally learners look forward and are excited to do experiments in practical work. The impact of the excitement and willingness of learners to do practical investigations has not proven to improve learners‘ performance in Chemistry practical work in Namibia. The majority of the learners rated their teachers as good in subject knowledge, good leaders, helpful and friendly during practical investigations. The shortage of chemicals, equipments in laboratory activities that should have inspired involvement of learners in handling equipments is one of the factors that contributed negatively to the learning environment and teacher-learners interactions. Teachers mostly resolve to demonstrations due to lack of chemicals and equipment. Some schools show low/poor level of learner-learner interactions because some learners tease, laugh and discourage others during practical investigations. Chemistry laboratories in Namibia are characterised by lack of equipment, chemicals, poorly behave learners while on the other hand there are good behaviours from the teachers‘ side with most learners showing that their teachers always try to make the best out of the prevailing situations in the laboratories. The laboratory environment in Namibia closely resemble laboratory environment in other studies in Asia, Africa and Europe. From empirical evidence it can be therefore concluded that there is a relationship between teacher-learner interactions and laboratory learning environment in Chemistry practicals in Namibia. Although the relationship is not as harmonious or congruent as it ought to be, the government of Namibia can play a greater role in creating positive, productive and enjoyable learning environment by supplying secondary schools‘ laboratories with the needed equipment and chemicals to support the practical work as stated in the Physical Science syllabi. The three questionnaire used were rated by learners and teacher as effective; easy to understand; covering most areas of the Chemistry environment; not time consuming, statistically valid and consistent. The changes made to the questionnaire fit well to the Namibia Chemistry environment and it produced nearly the same reliability and validity when compared to the pilot study questionnaire and other similar questionnaires used in other country.
Curriculum and Instructional Studies
D. Ed. (Didactics of Education)
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Ebert, Maximilian. "Shifting the boundaries of experimental studies in engineering enzymatic functions : combining the benefits of computational and experimental methods." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19025.

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Cette thèse comporte quatre fichiers vidéo. This thesis comes with four video files.
L'industrie chimique mondiale est en pleine mutation, cherchant des solutions pour rendre la synthèse organique classique plus durable. Une telle solution consiste à passer de la catalyse chimique classique à la biocatalyse. Bien que les avantages des enzymes incluent leur stéréo, régio et chimiosélectivité, cette sélectivité réduit souvent leur promiscuité. Les efforts requis pour adapter la fonction enzymatique aux réactions désirées se sont révélés d'une efficacité modérée, de sorte que des méthodes rapides et rentables sont nécessaires pour générer des biocatalyseurs qui rendront la production chimique plus efficace. Dans l’ère de la bioinformatique et des outils de calcul pour soutenir l'ingénierie des enzymes, le développement rapide de nouvelles fonctions enzymatiques devient une réalité. Cette thèse commence par un examen des développements récents sur les outils de calcul pour l’ingénierie des enzymes. Ceci est suivi par un exemple de l’ingénierie des enzymes purement expérimental ainsi que de l’évolution des protéines. Nous avons exploré l’espace mutationnel d'une enzyme primitive, la dihydrofolate réductase R67 (DHFR R67), en utilisant l’ingénierie semi-rationnelle des protéines. La conception rationnelle d’une librarie de mutants, ou «Smart library design», impliquait l’association covalente de monomères de l’homotétramère DHFR R67 en dimères afin d’augmenter la diversité de la librairie d’enzymes mutées. Le criblage par activité enzymatique a révélé un fort biais pour le maintien de la séquence native dans un des protomères tout en tolérant une variation de séquence élevée pour le deuxième. Il est plausible que les protomères natifs procurent l’activité observée, de sorte que nos efforts pour modifier le site actif de la DHFR R67 peuvent n’avoir été que modérément fructueux. Les limites des méthodes expérimentales sont ensuite abordées par le développement d’outils qui facilitent la prédiction des points chauds mutationnels, c’est-à-dire les sites privilégiés à muter afin de moduler la fonction. Le développement de ces techniques est intensif en termes de calcul, car les protéines sont de grandes molécules complexes dans un environnement à base d’eau, l’un des solvants les plus difficiles à modéliser. Nous présentons l’identification rapide des points chauds mutationnels spécifiques au substrat en utilisant l'exemple d’une enzyme cytochrome P450 industriellement pertinente, la CYP102A1. En appliquant la technique de simulation de la dynamique moléculaire par la force de polarisation adaptative, ou «ABF», nous confirmons les points chauds mutationnels connus pour l’hydroxylation des acides gras tout en identifiant de nouveaux points chauds mutationnels. Nous prédisons également la conformation du substrat naturel, l’acide palmitique, dans le site actif et nous appliquons ces connaissances pour effectuer un criblage virtuel d'autres substrats de cette enzyme. Nous effectuons ensuite des simulations de dynamique moléculaire pour traiter l’impact potentiel de la dynamique des protéines sur la catalyse enzymatique, qui est le sujet de discussions animées entre les experts du domaine. Avec la disponibilité accrue de structures cristallines dans la banque de données de protéines (PDB), il devient clair qu’une seule structure de protéine n’est pas suffisante pour élucider la fonction enzymatique. Nous le démontrons en analysant quatre structures cristallines que nous avons obtenues d’une enzyme β-lactamase, parmi lesquelles un réarrangement important des résidus clés du site actif est observable. Nous avons réalisé de longues simulations de dynamique moléculaire pour générer un ensemble de structures suggérant que les structures cristallines ne reflètent pas nécessairement la conformation de plus basse énergie. Enfin, nous étudions la nécessité de compléter de manière informatisée un hémisphère où l’expérimental n’est actuellement pas possible, à savoir la prédiction de la migration des gaz dans les enzymes. À titre d'exemple, la réactivité des enzymes cytochrome P450 dépend de la disponibilité des molécules d’oxygène envers l’hème du site actif. Par le biais de simulations de la dynamique moléculaire de type Simulation Implicite du Ligand (ILS), nous dérivons le paysage de l’énergie libre de petites molécules neutres de gaz pour cartographier les canaux potentiels empruntés par les gaz dans les cytochromes P450 : CYP102A1 et CYP102A5. La comparaison pour les gaz CO, N2 et O2 suggère que ces enzymes évoluent vers l’exclusion du CO inhibiteur. De plus, nous prédisons que les canaux empruntés par les gaz sont distincts des canaux empruntés par le substrat connu et que ces canaux peuvent donc être modifiés indépendamment les uns des autres.
The chemical industry worldwide is at a turning point, seeking solutions to make classical organic synthesis more sustainable. One such solution is to shift from classical catalysis to biocatalysis. Although the advantages of enzymes include their stereo-, regio-, and chemoselectivity, their selectivity often reduces versatility. Past efforts to tailor enzymatic function towards desired reactions have met with moderate effectiveness, such that fast and cost-effective methods are in demand to generate biocatalysts that will render the production of fine and bulk chemical production more benign. In the wake of bioinformatics and computational tools to support enzyme engineering, the fast development of new enzyme functions is becoming a reality. This thesis begins with a review of recent developments on computational tools for enzyme engineering. This is followed by an example of purely experimental enzyme engineering and protein evolution. We explored the mutational space of a primitive enzyme, the R67 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), using semi-rational protein engineering. ‘Smart library design’ involved fusing monomers of the homotetrameric R67 DHFR into dimers, to increase the diversity in the resulting mutated enzyme libraries. Activity-based screening revealed a strong bias for maintenance of the native sequence in one protomer with tolerance for high sequence variation in the second. It is plausible that the native protomers procure the observed activity, such that our efforts to modify the enzyme active site may have been only moderately fruitful. The limitations of experimental methods are then addressed by developing tools that facilitate computational mutational hotspot prediction. Developing these techniques is computationally intensive, as proteins are large molecular objects and work in aqueous media, one of the most complex solvents to model. We present the rapid, substrate-specific identification of mutational hotspots using the example of the industrially relevant P450 cytochrome CYP102A1. Applying the adaptive biasing force (ABF) molecular dynamics simulation technique, we confirm the known mutational hotspots for fatty acid hydroxylation and identify a new one. We also predict a catalytic binding pose for the natural substrate, palmitic acid, and apply that knowledge to perform virtual screening for further substrates for this enzyme. We then perform molecular dynamics simulations to address the potential impact of protein dynamics on enzyme catalysis, which is the topic of heated discussions among experts in the field. With the availability of more crystal structures in the Protein Data Bank, it is becoming clear that a single protein structure is not sufficient to elucidate enzyme function. We demonstrate this by analyzing four crystal structures we obtained of a β-lactamase enzyme, among which a striking rearrangement of key active site residues was observed. We performed long molecular dynamics simulations to generate a structural ensemble that suggests that crystal structures do not necessarily reflect the conformation of lowest energy. Finally, we address the need to computationally complement an area where experimentation is not currently possible, namely the prediction of gas migration into enzymes. As an example, the reactivity of P450 cytochrome enzymes depends on the availability of molecular oxygen at the active-site heme. Using the Implicit Ligand Sampling (ILS) molecular dynamics simulation technique, we derive the free energy landscape of small neutral gas molecules to map potential gas channels in cytochrome P450 CYP102A1 and CYP102A5. Comparison of CO, N2 and O2 suggests that those enzymes evolved towards exclusion of the inhibiting CO. In addition, we predict that gas channels are distinct from known substrate channels and therefore can be engineered independently from one another.
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Books on the topic "Benefits of chemistry practicals"

1

Balcazar, Dantel M. J., and Esmeralda A. Reinoso Perez. Glutamic acid: Chemistry, food sources and health benefits. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publisher's, 2012.

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Koh, Rani. Saponins: Properties, applications, and health benefits. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Phenolic acids: Composition, applications, and health benefits. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Delmas, Dominique. Resveratrol: Sources, production and health benefits. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publisher's, 2012.

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Two faces of chemistry: The benefits & the risks of chemical technology. [Place of publication not identified]: Mit Press, 1985.

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Bullock, David Grahame. External quality assessment in clinical chemistry: An examination of requirements, applications and benefits. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1987.

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International Flavor Conference (12th 2009 Skiathos, Greece). Recent advances in food and flavor chemistry: Food flavors and encapsulation, health benefits, analytical methods, and molecular biology of functional foods. Cambridge: RSC Pub., 2010.

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Rastogi, K. N. Chemistry Practicals. A.B.D. Publishers, 2005.

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Laboratory Practicals (Chemistry). Addison Wesley, 2000.

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Waddling/Robin. Chemistry Practicals (Blackline Masters Pack). Longman Schools Division (a Pearson Education company), 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Benefits of chemistry practicals"

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Tirado-Gallegos, Juan M., R. Baeza-Jiménez, Juan A. Ascacio-Valdés, Juan C. Bustillos-Rodríguez, and Juan Buenrostro-Figueroa. "Pomegranate Seeds as a Potential Source of Punicic Acid: Extraction and Nutraceutical Benefits." In Practical Applications of Physical Chemistry in Food Science and Technology, 129–53. Series statement: Innovations in physical chemistry: monographic series: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003020004-6.

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Rupasinghe, H. P. Vasantha, and Niroshaathevi Arumuggam. "Chapter 5. Health Benefits of Anthocyanins." In Food Chemistry, Function and Analysis, 121–58. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788012614-00121.

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Abd-Elhakim, Yasmina M., and Adham A. Al-Sagheer. "Opuntia spp. Benefits in Chronic Diseases." In Opuntia spp.: Chemistry, Bioactivity and Industrial Applications, 423–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78444-7_20.

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Singh, Shubhi, and Smriti Gaur. "Lycopene: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, Health Benefits and Nutraceutical Applications." In Plant-derived Bioactives, 251–63. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2361-8_11.

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Shivhare, N., and N. Satsangee. "Wonders of Sesame: Nutraceutical Uses and Health Benefits." In Chemistry of Phytopotentials: Health, Energy and Environmental Perspectives, 63–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23394-4_13.

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Hafeez, Sanaa, S. M. Al-Salem, and Achilleas Constantinou. "Membrane Reactors for Renewable Fuel Production and Their Environmental Benefits." In Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, 383–411. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33978-4_10.

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Steffen, D. G. "Chemistry and Health Benefits of Caffeinated Beverages: Symposium Overview." In ACS Symposium Series, 2–8. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2000-0754.ch001.

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Maningat, Clodualdo C., and Paul A. Seib. "RS4-Type Resistant Starch: Chemistry, Functionality and Health Benefits." In Resistant Starch, 43–77. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118528723.ch03.

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Maningat, Clodualdo C., and Paul A. Seib. "RS4-Type Resistant Starch: Chemistry, Functionality and Health Benefits." In Resistant Starch, 43–78. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118528723.ch3.

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Mesías, Marta, Cristina Delgado-Andrade, and Francisco J. Morales. "CHAPTER 3. Risk/Benefits Evaluation of Acrylamide Mitigation Initiatives in Cereal Products." In Food Chemistry, Function and Analysis, 45–74. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788016438-00045.

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Conference papers on the topic "Benefits of chemistry practicals"

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Lull, Cristina, Inmaculada Bautista, Antonio Lidón, and José Luis López-Paz. "LEARNING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN CHEMISTRY LABORATORY PRACTICALS." In 13th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2021.1069.

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Liu, Heng, Yue Chen, Fuping Li, Hui Liu, and Shunlong Yang. "The Chemistry Experience Summary During the Engineering Commissioning Period of Fujian Ningde Nuclear Power Plant." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67040.

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In chemical researchers view, hot functional test is a verification of the Nuclear Power Plant before first fuel loading and commercial operation, which is the preparation for staffs, documents, instruments and sampling systems. So, chemistry department should use its own language, knowledge and experience to express their thoughts and what they have seen during the engineering commissioning period. As the first commercial operation nuclear power plant after Fukushima nuclear accident, during the four units commissioning period, chemical researchers accumulated a lot of good experience and feedbacks in the aspect of construction and commissioning for new nuclear power plant. For example, in order to ensure the personnel skill level, we must make special plans which include staff training, laboratory construction, instrument and on-line system commissioning, and all of these should be timely adjusted and changed in order to be consistent with the engineering progress. In order to ensure the water quality of pipe flushing in different stages, such as cold functional test, hot functional test, we should set a strictly water chemical standard which based on the HAF103, and the standard should have some differences in different stage for one unit. In order to ensure the water chemistry in good performance especially after the unit going into commercial operation, the maintenance plan for equipment and system must be formulated, and then, a detailed monitoring plan must be executed. At the same time, a strict system flushing controlling mode can also provide a great benefits for water chemistry quality, especially in the period of start-up. In addition to these above experiences, chemistry researchers of Ningde nuclear power plant also accumulated a lot of good practices and feedbacks about dealing with some abnormal water quality activities, which can’t be founded in commercial operation unit. For example, the aluminum (Al) content in the primary increased rapidly and beyond the specification limits in hot functional test and so on. This article will share the good practices and feedbacks of the first phase of Fujian Ningde nuclear power plant. We hope these good practices and experience feedbacks can provide good reference for the other new nuclear plants in the stage of design, construction, operation and maintenance in the future.
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Carda-Broch, Samuel, Josep Esteve-Romero, Juan Peris-Vicente, Jaume Albiol-Chiva, Mar Esteve-Amorós, María José Ruiz-Ángel, María-Teresa Doménech-Carbó, and Dolores Yusá-Marco. "DESIGN OF THE LABORATORY SCRIPT BY THE STUDENTS IN CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS: ANALYSIS OF WATER." In 12th International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2018.0490.

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Esteve-Romero, Josep, Juan Peris-Vicente, Jaume Albiol-Chiva, Samuel Carda-Broch, María José Ruiz-Angel, and Mar Esteve-Amorós. "ORAL EXPOSITION OF LABORATORY PRACTICALS BY THE STUDENTS IN THE SUBJECT "ADVANCED LABORATORY IN CHEMISTRY"." In International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2017.0293.

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Caserio, Marjorie C. "Acs Approval Of Chemistry Degree Programs: Benefits And Pitfalls." In 32nd Annual Technical Symposium. SPIE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.948604.

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Mahmoudkhani, Amir, Michael Feustel, Werner Reimann, and Matthias Krull. "Wax and Paraffin Control by Fracturing Fluids: Understanding Mode of Actions and Benefits of Water-Dispersible Wax Inhibitors." In SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/184594-ms.

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Gao, Pin, Yoshito Ogata, Jin Liu, and Chang Song. "The Methods of Tea Waste Reutilization and Economic Benefits Analysis." In 2017 5th International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering (ICMMCCE 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmmcce-17.2017.80.

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Brui, Ekaterina, Anna Lepekhina, Daria Chegina, Tatiana Bukkieva, Aleksandr Efimtcev, and Anna Andreychenko. "Benefits of a wireless metamaterial-based radiofrequency coil for clinical wrist MRI." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF COMBUSTION AND PROCESSES IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS (COMPHYSCHEM’20-21) and VI INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL “MODERN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY METHODS IN APPLICATIONS”. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0032077.

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Mahmoudkhani, Amir, Bill O'Neil, Jonathan J. Wylde, Sarkis Kakadjian, and Martin Bauer. "Microemulsions as Flowback Aids for Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery after Fracturing, Myth or Reality: A Turnkey Study to Determine the Features and Benefits." In SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/173729-ms.

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Niksa, Stephen, Gui-Su Liu, Larry G. Felix, and P. Vann Bush. "Advanced CFD Post-Processing for Pulverized Fuel Flame Structure and Emissions." In 2002 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2002-26136.

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The simulation strategy described in this paper provides an alternative to conventional CFD post-processing to estimate exhaust NOX emissions. The method first analyzes a CFD furnace simulation to specify temperature histories and mixing rates. Then the bulk flow patterns are represented with an equivalent network of idealized reactor elements. Detailed reaction mechanisms are then applied over the reactor network, including the most fully validated reaction mechanisms for coal devolatilization and char oxidation and complete elementary reaction mechanisms for chemistry in the gas phase and in soot. The analysis predicted the NOX emissions from 1.7 MWt pilotscale flames of coal and coal/biomass blends within experimental uncertainty over a broad range of O2 concentrations, with and without staging. The predicted unburned carbon emissions were qualitatively correct, but char reactivity parameters would need to be specified in a one-point calibration for quantitative predictions. The analysis also characterized distinctive chemistry within the flame core, a mixing layer for secondary air entrainment, an overfire air zone, and a char burnout zone. The main practical benefit of the mechanistic complexity is that simulations based on detailed mechanisms require fewer parameter adjustments than CFD simulations whenever different fuels are considered.
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