Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Benefits of leadership'

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a liderança autêntica e sua relação com outros conceitos como gênero na liderança, compartilhamento de conhecimento, empoderamento e intenção de turnover. O trabalho traz algumas das principais teorias sobre o assunto e é baseado em um levantamento realizado junto a uma grande empresa brasileira. Alguns resultados confirmam as hipóteses e reforçam a relação entre a liderança autêntica e a liderança feminina, a liderança autêntica e o empoderamento e a liderança autêntica e a intenção de turnover. Uma hipótese não foi confirmada, a relação entre liderança autêntica e compartilhamento de conhecimento. Todas as hipóteses, confirmadas ou não, criam uma série de possibilidades para pesquisas futuras, que podem aprofundar o conhecimento sobre o tema, ampliar as teorias sobre liderança autêntica e ainda contribuir para a compreensão do que acontece na prática dentro das organizações.
This study aimed to analyze authentic leadership and its link to other concepts such as gender in leadership, knowledge sharing, empowerment and intent to turnover. The work brings some major theories of the subject and is based on a survey conducted with a large Brazilian company. Some results confirm the hypotheses and reinforce the link between authentic leadership and female leadership, authentic leadership and empowerment and authentic leadership and intent to turnover. One hypothesis was not confirmed, the link between authentic leadership and knowledge sharing. All hypotheses, confirmed or not, create a lot of possibilities for future research in order to push knowledge boundaries on the subject, expanding theories of authentic leadership and yet understanding what actually happens in organizations.

ABSTRACT Given the federal thrust for educational reform and the growth of school choice options, parents are faced with increasing opportunities for educational placement options for their children including the recent composition of full-time online K-12 schools. Understanding parents’ perceived benefits, which inform their decision-making when choosing from a multitude of educational placement or school choice options, provides the educational community with information to better increase parent satisfaction. The potential increase in parent satisfaction has the ability to simultaneously increase student achievement.

The purpose of this mixed methods study was to examine which perceived benefits parents held when choosing a full-time online educational placement for their child. This research study examined Middle Tennessee parents’ perceived benefits of full-time online education that led them to select this educational delivery model for their child. Additionally, this study utilized an online survey and interviews to obtain quantitative data and qualitative data in the form of descriptions of the participants’ shared experience with the phenomenon. Qualitative data were recorded and transcribed verbatim for each participant before the data was coded. This enabled data organization into significant statements for the development of essential structures of the parents’ experiences. Analytical and descriptive statistics were conducted prior to a synthesis of the quantitative and qualitative data, which rendered a comprehensive representation of the summary of both data sets.

Trends from the survey data were compared to five identified themes generated from examining significant statements in the qualitative data. The findings of the study indicated parents’ perceived benefits of full-time online education center on academic quality, a safe educational environment, and an individualized learning pace for their child. The findings of this research provide support for exploring parents in the role of “consumers” which will enlighten an educational community that now functions in the role of “supplier.”

As rates of teacher attrition continue to increase across the United States, school districts are trying to determine effective methods of retaining quality teachers for their classrooms (Ingersoll, 2012). Comprehensive teacher induction programs have shown to decrease rates of teacher attrition when implemented over a multiple-year span (Goldrick, 2016). This has created the need for school districts to determine if the costs associated with the implementation of comprehensive teacher induction programs are worthwhile investments. This study involved an examination of the perceptions of Missouri superintendents and/or human resources designees and secondary school principals regarding the benefits of comprehensive teacher induction programs and the role played by secondary school principals in those programs. Interview responses were collected and analyzed using coding methods to identify common phrases, key words, and themes. The findings of this study revealed the administrators believe teacher induction programs are beneficial in terms of reducing teacher attrition and establishing a collaborative culture for school districts. Furthermore, the administrators agreed secondary school principals have assumed a greater role in teacher induction than in years past. Although research exists defining comprehensive teacher induction and the most effective components of such programs, there still exists a discrepancy among school districts as to how new teachers are supported. School superintendents, school boards, and state policymakers should be prepared to evaluate the teacher induction programs across the state to determine the breadth of this disparity and to make attempts to narrow these discrepancies as a way to provide high quality instruction in all school districts.

Most high school students have the opportunity to participate in athletic programs during a transformative time in their personal and academic development. Very little qualitative research examines how former high school athletes perceive these experiences after they graduate. In this descriptive, exploratory study, former athletes viewed their participation as a key experience that continues to affect them positively two to five years later. During semi-structured interviews, they spoke of having developed and maintained new capacities for leadership, greater personal accountability, and healthier overall lifestyle choices. They also learned how to relate to others, both on and off the athletic field in more authentic and caring ways, and thus how to establish and maintain lasting relationships. Many of these outcomes echo aspects of self-concept and character development as described in the literature. Although athletic coaches' behaviors were described as both positive and negative, participants were generally able to overcome the negative aspects. Especially when budget cuts threaten many non-academic and extra-curricular offerings, the results of this small and geographically limited study point to the need to further explore how high school athletics may have lasting positive effects on participants.

The purpose of this research is to verify key attributes, benefits, and deficiencies of the co-leadership model. Does co-leadership encourage more thoughtful decisions, provide checks and balances, and better support in a complex environment? Explanatory sequential mixed method research was employed to determine qualitative and quantitative measurable impacts. A sample group of 14 co-leaders, formally and informally paired, from the profit and not-for-profit sector were surveyed. The survey consisted primarily of Likert-type Scale queries to test assumed attributes and benefits and open-ended questions used to identify unanticipated attributes, benefits, and deficiencies. In depth interviews were conducted with three individuals who have served under the co-leadership model to determine key factors that lead to successful implementation. Results were verified using inter-rater reliability and shared with participants in hopes that more organizations will recognize and endorse co-leadership as a legitimate model that better supports sustained leadership in an increasingly complex world.

Structured mentoring programs for new principals are designed to support and enhance their professional abilities. Providing mentoring support for new principals has benefits that extend beyond the novice principal to the mentor, school, and school district. Although the benefits of principal mentoring are established, mentoring of new principals is not a common practice in many school districts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of principals and district administrators regarding the benefits and challenges of principal mentoring, as well as perceptions surrounding implementation. This qualitative phenomenological research was structured to describe views on principal mentoring and determine areas of focus for mentoring. This study examined views of principals and district administrators in a semi-rural area of Idaho, a state without mandated or funded principal mentoring.

The data from the participants in this study produced three areas that should be part of a formalized mentoring process: personal (organization, time management, emotional support, managing stress, and professional ethics), instructional leadership (district-specific learning and curricular requirements, teacher support and evaluation, using data to make decisions, and staff development), and management (district financial and policy processes, student behavioral issues, difficult relationships and stakeholders, and legal compliance). The three areas are foundational for a program and need balance to help support student learning. Mentoring can ensure the necessary balance.

The Life Effectiveness of Wilderness Adventure Leaders Cory Maria Dack Southern Illinois University Carbondale Introduction The call of the wild has long been accepted as a true phenomenon by mankind. Throughout history countless scores of women and men have written novels, poems, and symphonies in-spired by the ubiquitous reach of nature. As Sigurd Olson once wrote, "Wilderness to the people... is a spiritual necessity, an antidote to the high pressure of modern life, a means of regaining serenity and equilibrium" (Olson & Backes, 2001, p. 61). Eventually, musings on the powerful effects of nature branched out from the realm of artistic expression and began to take root in the domain of science and research as well. As the academic world has begun to quantify the positive benefits nature has on those who immerse themselves in the wilderness, the populace has simulta-neously looked to nature for an antidote to the ever increasing stressors of life. Wilderness adventure programs are one medium that exposes participants to the numerous benefits associated with nature, including an increase in overall life effectiveness and an increase in holistic well being. Wilderness adventure programs can be recreational, educational, developmental, or therapeutic in purpose (Hans, 2000). Programming can range from an afternoon of recreation in a city park, to a week-long stay at a summer camp, to a 45 day backpacking trip through the arctic. Whatever the level or duration of the program, participants are often attracted to wilderness adventure programming by the inherent benefits of adventure and personal growth. A vast array of nature based benefits research exists (see Brown, 1999; Ewert, 1985, 1989; Klint, 1999; Rog-genbuck & Driver, 2000; Stein & Lee, 1995). Literature concerning these benefits often focuses on researching, testing, and measuring the benefits participants receive after completing a wilderness adventure program. While most of the research has shown that participating in a wilderness adventure program increases the self-confidence, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and overall life effectiveness of participants (see Caulkins, White, & Russell, 2006; Goldenberg, McAvoy, & Klenosky, 2005; and Hattie, Marsh, Neill, & Richards, 1997), there is a deficit of research on the benefits and outcomes that occur to those who guide or lead wilderness adventure programs. To truly understand how wilderness adventure program-ming affects the human mind, body, and spirit, there needs to be more research that focuses specifically on the outcomes experi-enced by those who lead wilderness adventure programs. Methods Research was conducted at two camps located in northern Minnesota over the course of the summer during the 2009 camp season. The two camps, Camp Vermilion and Camp Hiawatha, are church affiliated and offer week long canoe adventures, houseboat trips, and residential in-camp experiences. The proposed research was based off of the following research questions: a) Do in-camp counselors experience an increase in life effectiveness after working at a summer camp over the course of one summer? b) Is there a difference between the life effectiveness reported by first-year in-camp counselors compared to the life effectiveness reported by returning in-camp counselors? b) Is there a difference between the life effectiveness reported by female in-camp counselors compared to the life effectiveness reported by male in-camp counselors? Quantitative data was collected through the use of the Life Effectiveness Questionnaire (LEQ). The LEQ was given to the in-camp counselors at the start of the summer during staff training. At the end of the summer the LEQ was then re-administered to the same research participants. Qualitative data was assessed via a short answer questionnaire that asked open-ended questions about the experiences the research participants had while working at their respective camps. This short answer questionnaire was administered at the end of the summer with the second LEQ. Results After the research data were collected, the data were run through a series of dependent t-tests and independent t-tests. The t-tests were used to compare the scores of the pre-summer LEQs to the scores of the post-summer LEQs, the scores of first-year in-camp counselors and returning in-camp counselors, and the scores of female and male in-camp counselors. The results were as follows: The changes in the results of the pre and post-test LEQ scores were t (11) = .102, p = .102. The results of the changes in post-test LEQ scores between new wilderness adventure leaders and returning wilderness adventure leaders was t (18) = .713, p = .485. Female post-test LEQ scores and male post-test LEQ scores resulted in changes of t (18) = 1.256, p = .225. The difference between post-test and pre-test mean LEQ scores was .58 standard deviations, or, a .58 effect size. The qualitative data yielded by the short-answer questionnaires were assessed using the techniques of enumeration and constant comparison. The following themes were pulled from the self-reported answers of the research participants: Increased Self-Confidence, Spiritual Connections, Personal Changes/Growth, Awareness of Strengths/ Weaknesses, Positive Community, and a 100% Job Recommendation. Participants reported that after the summer they felt that they had experienced Increased Self-Confidence. One participant wrote, "My leadership has grown incredibly - I was encouraged to own my authority and truly lead this summer. I have watched my confidence and competence grow." Another participant reported, "On my application I wrote that I wanted to gain confidence in myself and the things I do. I believe I have gained tons more than I started with." Spiritual Connections were identified from research participants who reported, "I feel like I've discovered a deeper sense of peace," "I have grown spiritually and more confident in myself," and "I don't think I would be ready, physically, emotionally, or spiritually, for my next year of school if I wasn't here this summer." Awareness of Strengths/Weaknesses were supported by self-reported responses such as, "I am stronger! I learned this summer that in order to make myself stronger I had to be vulnerable and expose my fears and anxieties." Personal Changes/Growth were evident in a participant who reported, "This summer I pushed myself farther than before in my leadership skills...it has been tough at times, but at that time is when I have experienced the most growth." Many research participants reported that they felt like they were a member of a Positive Community. One participant reported, "I have never laughed so hard, had so much fun, yet felt so proud of [what]... we were doing at camp." Another stated, "It has been an amazing experience... seeing how a community of such random personalities can become so close and grow so much in... 9 short weeks." Lastly, one participant wrote, "I am more steady. I feel loved. I feel like there is a place I belong." After reviewing all of the short answer surveys, it was found that 100% of the research participants stated that they would recommend a job as a wilderness adventure leader to others. Participants stated that "The chance to serve in this capacity is incredible," and "I hope that others are able to have the same opportunity to work with youth and learn, teach, and experience [this] leadership position." Another participant reported, "This is the best job I could ever ask for and is an amazing experience you can't find anywhere else." And finally, while reflecting on the experience of being a wilderness adventure leader, one participant reported, "It is a life changing experience!" Discussion and Implications Although the t-tests did not yield statistically significant results, the research still yielded a moderate change in effect size (.58). The self-reported qualitative data from the post-summer surveys support the idea that there are many positive benefits to be gained from being a wilderness adventure leader. This qualitative data is important, as it shows that the research participants themselves feel very strongly that being a wilderness adventure leader leads to a variety of experienced positive benefits. The moderate effect size and the self-reported qualitative data both support a call for more research in this area. Further research of greater depth could lead to a higher effect size, as well as to greater statistical significance. Previous research also reveals a need for further research in this area. Although there is a copious amount of research on the outcomes that occur after participating in a wilderness adventure program, there is a lack of studies that focus specifically on how being part of a wilderness adventure program can benefit a wilder-ness adventure guide or leader. Hattie et al. (1997) stress an overall need for more wilderness adventure research in their meta-analysis of over 96 different studies on wilderness adventure programs. After noting the diverse multitude of results found in the different studies in their meta-analysis, the authors concluded that more re-search in all of the areas of wilderness adventure programming must be done in order to validate the necessity of the existence of outdoor programming (Hattie et al.). Only through the continuation of research in this field will wilderness educators and leaders be able to conclusively offer evidence that wilderness adventure pro-grams are a vital and important part of human development.

Paternalistic leadership has been suggested as one prevalent leadership style in China. However, empirical research is limited in investigating the predictive factors as well as its correlations with organisational outcome measures. Drawing upon a total sample of 850 leader-subordinate dyads from mainland China, this research attempts to depict a comprehensive picture of paternalistic leadership, by examining its antecedents, outcomes, mediators, and moderators. Included are three independent empirical studies. Study 1 investigates the antecedents of paternalistic leadership. By examining a cross-lagged model, it is found that followers’ trust-in-supervisor can impact their ratings of leader paternalistic leadership across time, and such impact is further moderated by individual external locus of control by powerful others. In Study 2, by testing a three-way interaction model, it is found that authoritarian leadership has a positive impact on employees’ culture-specific organisational citizenship behaviour; and benevolent leadership and employee resource dependence jointly play critical roles for authoritarian leadership in generating such positive impact. Finally, in Study 3, by investigating a moderated mediation model, authoritarian leadership has been found to negatively impact on followers’ job performance via followers’ fear of their supervisors. This mediation effect is also moderated by follower gender, which demonstrates that the mediation effect only takes place in female followers, but not in male followers. Theoretical and practical limitations and directions for follow-up research are discussed. Overall, the assessment of both antecedents and outcomes of paternalistic leadership in this thesis is essential for the emerging research on paternalistic leadership. Keywords: paternalistic leadership, trust-in-supervisor, fear, resource dependence, job performance, organisational citizenship behaviour.

Student-led conferences are an alternative method of reporting progress to parents. This qualitative phenomenological research study was conducted in order to examine elementary teachers’ perceptions of student-led conferences in comparison to traditional parent-teacher conferences in Central and Southern Illinois. Additionally, the study examined what professional supports, if any, teachers would need to continue implementing student-led conferences. The focus groups included a face-to-face audio-recorded interview prior to the student-led conferences where the study participant shared resources, then concluded with a follow-up exit telephone interview. The multiple data sources that were collected provided the researcher with information to support or argue in a triangulation strategy. During the initial face-to-face site visit interview, the researcher asked the teacher fourteen questions and the teacher shared resources used before, during, and after the student-led conference process. During the exit interview, the researcher asked five questions to the participants over the telephone. Data were then generated from both the pre and post audio recordings and analysis of resources over a 22-week period. Finally, the researcher concluded that there were four major themes that emerged from the data analyses: ownership, responsibility, preparation, and family involvement. The research indicated the various styles and formats to a student-led conference but key components included the preparation for the child and teacher, the conference itself, and portfolio artifacts and/or goal-setting opportunities within the conference. Finally, the researcher concluded the need for continuous professional development and/or supports when initially implementing and sustaining the student-led conferencing process.

Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 2006.
Title from title page screen, viewed on May 2, 2007. Dissertation Committee: Linda Lyman (chair), W. Paul Vogt, Joseph Pacha, Lori Russell-Chapin. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-126) and abstract. Also available in print.

Objective: The study assesses the impact of dual enrollment participation on remediation and completion for traditional first time, full-time freshmen at a community college in Northeast Tennessee. Method: This study began with the full population of 1,232 students who enrolled between 2008 and 2012 at a community college in northeast Tennessee the fall semester after finishing high school. The population was required to have American College Testing (ACT) scores, completely fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), enroll full-time as a degree-seeking student, and complete the first fall semester. Propensity score matching was utilized to eliminate self-selection bias and enable parametric comparisons using optimal matching of dual enrollment participants and non-participants while controlling for a range of covariates. Results: The analyses showed that community college students who participated in dual enrollment were (a) 9% or nearly 3.4 times less likely to take remediation, (b) 26% or nearly 2.5 times more likely to graduate in 2 years, and (c) 28% or nearly 1.5 times more likely to graduate in 3 years. Contributions: This study contributes to the literature showing that dual enrollment reduces remediation rates and assists in timely completions for community college students. Policy recommendations are to increase equitable participation, normalize dual enrollment for students academically able to do college coursework, align state terminology with the nation, and improve data for future research.

This thesis is concerned with the question of management and leadership with respect to concepts of shared and distributed leadership. The thesis critically discusses these concepts and what appear to be similar notions of leadership, since on the one hand they are difficult to define, while on the other considerable claims have been made as to the benefits of shared leadership. From this discussion key research questions are formulated. A key feature of this study is that it seeks to raise the question of shared leadership with all the stakeholders in a school to see how they understand the concept and what effects, if any, such leadership has in terms of their own practice: this has not been undertaken before in the literature. A further issue addressed is whether, as some papers in the literature suggest, shared leadership is necessary for school performance. The research was undertaken in two private primary schools in Cyprus, school “A” and school “B”, and explores with teachers, students, parents, Council members (in school “A”) the owner (in school “B”), the head teacher (in school “A”) the deputy head (in school “B”) their understanding of the concept of shared leadership. This was done by asking each stakeholder group about how they perceive his or her role, and the roles of other stakeholders in the school organization and how they perceive the school leadership. The thesis contributes to the fields of leadership, shared/distributed leadership and stakeholder involvement. Key factors that underpin the concept are highlighted and the constraints on implementing shared leadership in a practical sense discussed.

Mentoring is an effective tool for the professional development of novice teachers (Eby & Lockwood 2005; Kram, 1985; Stanulis & Ames, 2009). Mentors to preservice teachers have conveyed that they receive benefits and face barriers when mentoring (Ambrosetti, 2014; Burk & Eby, 2010; Hobson, Ashby, Malderez, & Tomlinson, 2009; Iancu-Haddad & Oplatka, 2009). Graduate students who serve as mentors to undergraduates have also reported advantages and drawbacks to being a mentor (Conway, Eros, Pellegrino, Kras, Gale, & Campbell, 2009; Reddick, Griffin, & Cherwitz, 2011). This study examined the perceived benefits and barriers for graduate students serving as mentors to undergraduate, preservice teachers. It also considered the affect that graduate school had on a teacher’s decision to engage in a mentoring relationship. The participants were all PK-12 teachers who were also graduate students in the College of Education and Human Services (COEHS) at the University of North Florida (UNF). The data for this qualitative case study was collected through semi-structured interviews. Findings yielded three themes (helps me, helps others, helps profession) which summarized the perceived benefits and barriers for graduate students mentoring preservice teachers. The results were connected to the Social Exchange Theory and it was determined that some graduate students will weigh rewards and costs before deciding to mentor, while others will lean more towards rewards or costs regardless. This study may have implications for undergraduate and graduate curriculum, mentor matching, and for mentor training.

Although service-learning is considered to be a fairly new pedagogy in U.S. institutions of higher education, its origins can be traced back to the mid-nineteenth century philosopher John Dewey and his "learn by doing" approach to education. Service-learning has gained popularity as a form of applied learning that helps increase student's academic learning, and assessment of service-learning on outcomes for students has been positive; however, some faculty resist applying this pedagogy in their planning.

This historical study explores the origins of this emerging field from the nineteenth to the twenty-first century, with a focus on current faculty pioneers who have created and developed service-learning content in their respective academic disciplines.The researcher conducted oral histories with faculty members at ten diverse central Maryland universities and colleges to discover educators' perceptions of the benefits and challenges of implementing this pedagogy in coursework.

As a result of this study, the researcher recommends ways to improve student retention on campuses, to increase civic awareness, and to explore the new frontier of international service-learning for local and global impact.

Bristen på kvalificerad arbetskraft är idag utbredd över många branscher. IT-sektorn är en av de branscher som är hårdast drabbad och de närmaste åren förväntas bristen öka. Denna studie syftar till att hjälpa företag inom IT-branschen att se vad som får potentiella medarbetare att söka sig till en specifik arbetsgivare. Denna kunskap ska sedan kunna användas som ett verktyg för att utveckla sitt arbete med employer branding och genom det kunna attrahera, rekrytera och behålla kvalificerade medarbetare. Studien genomfördes på ett företag från Umeå som valt att vara anonyma, hädanefter kallat företag X. Datainsamlingen grundade sig i en värdefaktorsmodell och två olika metoder användes för att samla in datan. För det första genom en enkät som besvarades av 35 potentiella medarbetare, alltså personer som sökt arbete hos företag X. För det andra genom fem semistrukturerade intervjuer som genomfördes med medarbetare på företag X. Resultatet visade att det finns en diskrepans mellan vad potentiella medarbetare söker och vad företag X i nuläget erbjuder. Det potentiella medarbetare värderar högst hos en arbetsgivare är att kunna lita på sina chefer och ledare samt att få möjlighet att utveckla sina kompetenser, vilka av medarbetarna på företag X upplevs som utvecklingsområden hos företaget. Denna diskrepans utmynnade i ett förslag i hur företag X kan utveckla sitt arbete med employer branding och genom detta möta de förväntningar potentiella medarbetare har.

With AB 705 being enforced in all California community colleges since Fall 2019, colleges have devised corequisite courses in almost all English and mathematics gateway courses. Some quantitative and qualitative studies have shown positive results of corequisite courses in English, and some math courses such as statistics, but there is limited quantitative research on the effects of the corequisite model on student academic performance in STEM math courses, like college algebra and precalculus. Many mathematics department faculty members believe that the corequisite model, especially in STEM math courses, may not work in community colleges due to the population consisting of a large number of non-traditional and under-prepared students at these institutions. This causal comparative study attempted to compare the academic performance of students from corequisite and prerequisite (traditional) types of precalculus courses after controlling for their gender, generational status, prior academic achievement (high school grade point average, HSGPA), and ethnicity. The study also investigated whether the effect of course type on precalculus course grades is moderated by students’ generational status, prior academic achievement, and ethnicity. The moderating effects of variables were studied after controlling for the other background variables. Samples for this study were taken from two California community colleges that taught precalculus courses with both models (corequisite and prerequisite) prior to Fall 2019. The data for each of the colleges were analyzed separately because of their different academic systems (semester versus quarter). Sequential multiple regression was used and variations were found in the results from the two colleges. In addition to tests of statistical significance, effect sizes (based on Cohen’s d) were calculated to measure the magnitude of the difference between groups. Statistically significant findings from College A (a pseudonym) suggest that the corequisite model of courses in precalculus impacts overall student grades in a positive way. In contrast, there was insufficient evidence based upon data from College B to conclude that corequisite precalculus courses impact course grades. Furthermore, moderating effects were found. In College A, some subgroups (such as Filipinx, Latinx, and White students, those with higher prior academic achievement, or who were first-generation college students) were found to perform better in corequisite courses than prerequisite courses, while students with lower prior achievement (based on HSGPA) performed better with the prerequisite type of courses. The results from both Colleges A and B were consistent in finding that students with lower HSGPA performed worse on average in corequisite precalculus courses. Ethnicity was found to moderate the effect of course type on precalculus course grades when the data from College B was analyzed. The results showed a medium-large effect (d= -0.65) for Latinx students who, on average, performed worse in the corequisite precalculus course as compared to the prerequisite version. However, students at College A, regardless of ethnicity, performed better on average in the corequisite classes, and the effect sizes ranged from small to medium-large across the ethnic groups. Limitations of the study, suggestions for further research, and implications for practice and policy are discussed in the following chapters.

Background: Hispanics are the largest minority group in the U.S. and by the year 2060 the number of Hispanics is projected to double. They are disproportionately affected by obesity and chronic diseases which translate into decreased quality of life, loss of work opportunities and perceptions of injustice for the Hispanic population. The Dietary Guidelines (DG) provide information to help Americans make healthy food and physical activity choices and if followed can be a means of reducing the health disparity gap. However, culturally relevant recommendations specific to Hispanics’ health and nutritional habits are often lacking. The purpose of this study was to examine Hispanics’ knowledge, perceptions, benefits and barriers to the recommendations in the DG for Americans, Choose MyPlate, and the Department of Health and Human Services physical activity guidelines. Methods: A qualitative research design was used. Focus groups were conducted in Spanish and audiotapes were transcribed and then, translated into English. Thematic analysis was used to identify different key concepts subgrouping these topics according to common emergent themes. Results: A total of 24 participants took part in the study. Participants viewed healthy eating in terms of portion sizes. They viewed the DG as helpful but felt they needed more information to follow the guidelines. Several barriers were identified in following the MyPlate: lack of availability of healthy, fresh, inexpensive grocery options in Hispanic neighborhoods. Participants described the benefits of physical activity as related to improved mental health and quality of life such as looking and feeling better. Conclusion and Implications: Promoting nutrition education that is culturally and linguistically appropriate for Hispanics might help facilitate the adoption of the DG and MyPlate recommendations. Also, improving the design of existing low-income neighborhoods is still a challenge to improve participation in physical activity among Hispanics’.

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to identify the career benefits and calculate the return on investment (ROI) of unpaid volunteer leadership as perceived by chapter leaders in a professional talent development industry association. The definition of career benefits was adapted from Hirschi’s Career Resources Model, which includes: social capital, human capital, career identity and psychological resources (2012). Additionally, this study used the ROI Institute’s ROI MethodologyTM to identify and calculate the costs and benefits of volunteer leadership to determine the ROI of time served as an unpaid volunteer leader (2013).

METHODS. This descriptive mixed-method study gathered quantitative and qualitative data via an online survey and semi-structured telephone interviews from 40 volunteer chapter leaders of the Association for Talent Development (ATD).

FINDINGS. There were multiple positive findings and several levels of ROI data documenting the strong value of volunteer leadership in a professional talent development association, and also demonstrating that there is very positive return from giving back to the profession. By giving their time and sometimes their money, volunteer leaders reaped multiple career benefits such as skill development, deeper relationships, publishing, contracts, speaking opportunities, new jobs and promotions. These specific career benefits resulted in a very significant positive financial ROI of 246%.

CONCLUSIONS. This study proved the paradox of volunteer leadership — often the main motivator is to give back, however what volunteer leaders receive is so much more. There is a strong tangible return on investment, as well as numerous intangible career benefits for serving as a volunteer leader in a professional talent development association. RECOMMENDATIONS. This study provides ideas for leveraging the value of volunteer leadership for individuals, associations and organizations. Individuals can improve or enhance their social capital, human capital, psychological resources and career identity. Associations can use this data to provide clear evidence of the value of volunteer leadership. Finally, corporations can encourage volunteer leadership as a tool to enhance or accelerate the leadership development of employees while also supporting professional industry associations.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the costs incurred and the benefits realized by institutions participating in the NCATE accreditation process and to formulate a cost-benefit model to guide teacher training institutions who are assessing the value of peerreview by NCATE. The study utilized quantitative methodology with a descriptive research design. The study featured researcher-designed questionnaires: Accreditation Cost-Benefit Analysis Scale for faculty (ACBAS) and the Costs Inventory Analysis (CIA) for administrators and was administered to a purposive sample of faculty and administrators at 54 colleges of education that had participated in the NCATE accreditation process and sitevisit during the period of January 2003-December 2004. The data indicated that faculty and administrators hold distinct perceptions regarding the benefits, costs, and other issues related to NCATE accreditation. Administrators specified the mean cost of NCATE accreditation was approximately $100,000, on average, as indicated by an analysis of the data provided on the CIA. Furthermore, a discriminant analysis of the data confirmed that administrators and those faculty considerably (7-10 hours per week) involved in the accreditation process had a greater appreciation for the benefits and costs of NCATE accreditation than did those faculty and significantly (3-6 hours per week) or only moderately (0-2 hours per week) involved. Finally, the data indicated that there was no difference in the perceptions between faculty and administrators regarding costs, benefits, and other issues related to accreditation when measured on the ACBAS.

Purpose – The purpose of the study is to Explore how the lean philosophy can affect the value flow of a manufacturing company’s goods receiving. To answer the purpose two research questions has been asked:1. Which lean tools or methods could be applied on a manufacturing company’s goods receiving?2. How can lean-orientated goods receiving lead to improved value flow?Method – To achieve the purpose a literature review and a case study has been conducted. The case study has had a deductive approach and used the both quantitative and qualitative data. The authors chose the data collection methods interviews, observations and document studies to collect empirical data which have then been analyzed against the theoretical framework with pattern matching to reach a result.Findings – The study has showed that Lean philosophy affects the value stream performance in various ways depending on which tools or approaches the managers have. The authors explored different Lean tools and methods both separately and combined and noticed that to gain as much as possible from Lean tools and methods are most effective when combined to an approach. Although some Lean tools in goods receiving affect the value flow in a positive matter some would probably not. Due to the uneven flow of incoming shipments JIT was not seen appropriate to implement unless shipments could be assured to arrive as planned, when needed and with correct amount of goods.Conclusions & recommendations – By the study findings the authors were able to base two conclusions:1. To take full advantage of Lean tools and methods in goods receiving, these are best to be bundled together to an approach that is in accordance with the Lean philosophy at the organization.2. Good and competent leadership in the Lean philosophy is crucial to ensure continuous improvements in the organization.3. A Lean philosophy adapted in goods receiving is likely to ensure stability and reliability across the value stream which makes improvements possible and might lead to improved value stream performance.Based on these conclusions the authors recommend that when implementing or working with Lean managers should practice participatory leadership to ensure the commitment of workers, to lead by example and to get the correct current state view. It is also recommended that when implementing Lean tools in to the goods receiving process the holistic view is of high importance.

For over 30 years, organizations have engaged in programs to address the growing presence of diverse populations in their ranks, and researchers have attempted to identify and quantify a link between diversity and enterprise performance. The problem was a lack of understanding of how organizations benefit from increased diversity and the role of frontline managers in that process. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to address the research question aimed at the perceptions and lived experiences of frontline managers and to gain insights about how they are navigating the challenges of increased diversity to enhance their ability to produce high-performance outcomes. The three conceptual frames used were (a) diversity management, (b) managing people, and (c) team performance. The data collection process involved interviewing 12 frontline managers from a variety of industry sectors using a semistructured, conversational interviewing protocol. The open hand-coded analysis revealed patterns of thought and behaviors relating to managing individuals, managing the complexity of diversity, and managing diverse teams for high performance. The original concept of diversity management was in response to the growing diversity in the workplace and was intended to develop the capacity among managers to manage the resulting diversity mix. The study findings indicated that a common definition of diversity management is possible, that managing diversity requires a competence with all dimensions of diversity, and that there are a set of management skills that can yield better performance with teams of diverse composition. The results of my study can have positive impact on theory, practice, and general social acceptance of diversity.

This diploma thesis is focused on suggesting a motivational system for chosen company. First part of the thesis results from theoretical findings concerning the given issue that were processed on the basis of professional literature. The analytical part deals with society itself and analysis of current motivational system on the basis of internal company sources and questionnaire survey. Last part of the thesis contains individual suggestions that should contribute to the improvement of the current state of the motivational system and total employee satisfaction.

The selection of an inappropriate regime by policy makers can thwart the effective implementation of public policy and lead to implementation failure. Competing values in the implementation process have a significant impact on the results of implementation, and the regime selected for implementation implies the choice of one value over another. Stoker has argued that on the one hand central leadership is valued for consistency, benefits of scale, co-ordination and cost sharing (instrumental model); and on the other, diffuse authority is valued as knowledge is particular and situational, and the task of analysis is to understand the problems, perspectives and interactions of implementation participants at the contact point between public programs and their clients (accommodation model). This study examines the implementation regime chosen by the Victorian Government for the introduction of a modern internal auditing function into the Victorian Public Service, using the Bureau of Internal Audit within its Department of Management and Budget. The selection of the Department of Management and Budget for the introduction of Internal Audit as a managerial accountability mechanism indicates that the instrumental model was held by the Victorian Government to be the most important in implementation. It is argued that use of a top-down central agency leadership approach resulted in implementation failure. Three propositions suggesting the mechanisms by which this result is brought about are examined: that lack of co-ordinated planning at the outset will result in inadequate definition of client needs as part of policy formulation; that intraorganisational conflict during the implementation success, as individual participants are likely to exercise their veto; and the increasing the number of participants contributes to complexity, so that they should only be involved in implementation when their presence is absolutely required. It is argued that the essential task of implementation is to create an environment where participants are likely to co-operate to achieve predetermined public policy goals; and that the introduction of a modern internal auditing approach into the Victorian Public Service required a more participatory implementation regime in order to facilitate policy outcomes and prevent implementation failure. It is also argued that the dominance of economic reform over accountability in Victoria restricted the ability of the Bureau of Internal Audit to implement change to internal audit practices within Victorian Government departments. The selection of an instrumental model of implementation by the Department of Management and Budget is examined in the context of the environment that existed in Victoria between 1982-1987; and while some of the values which Stoker associates with the top-down approach to policy making were observed, an alternative view to the development of internal auditing in the Victorian Public Service can be sustained.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008.
Title from file title page. James Emshoff, committee chair; Bethann Cottrell, Marci Culley, John Peterson, Sarah Cook, committee members. Electronic text (202 p. : ill. (some col.)) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Nov. 19, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-165).

This paper presents an analysis of data supplied by the US Green Buildings Council on the credits achieved by 117 LEED-certified commercial and institutional buildings. The paper quantifies several relationships, among others it explores the correlation between building energy performance, water consumption and the overall amount of points the projects has achieved. The paper also attempts to identify which credits are not usually selected by type of project, ownership, certification level and climate zone.

The United States has a nursing shortage that is projected to grow to over 500,000 by the year 2030. This is an issue for leaders because the nursing shortage affects health care organizations sustainability. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive phenomenological study was to identify and report the lived experiences of new graduate nurses (NGNs) in oncology and whether unit of first choice (UFC) effected their intention to remain after 2 years of practice. The research question considered the lived experiences of NGNs in oncology units who either had oncology as their UFC or were placed on an oncology unit even though oncology was not their UFC during their first 2 years. The framework theories that provided a lens were Herzberg'€™s motivational hygiene, Burns'€™ transformational leadership theory and von Bertalanffy'€™s general systems theory. Data were collected from semistructured interviews attaining data saturation with 10 NGNs in Central Florida. Data analysis involved using hand-coding and NVivo 12 Plus. The findings revealed the negative impacts of the nursing shortage, cycle of nurse turnover in oncology, positive and negative experiences in oncology, and reducing turnover and increasing NGN retention in oncology. Application of the findings of this study by nursing leaders may improve new graduate nurse hiring practices and retention, as leaders consider the result that unit of first choice has on NGN retention. Retaining NGNs could result in a positive social impact by lowering hospital employment costs, improving community stability, making health care more affordable to the community, and reducing medical errors.

Forskningen har visat kunskapsbrister när det gäller användningen och nyttan av headhunting som strategiskt kompetensförsörjningsverktyg. Studiens syfte var att undersöka vilka strategiska verksamhetsmål, behov och förutsättningar som utgör grunden för beslutet att framgångsrikt rekrytera chefer och andra affärskritiska roller via metoden headhunting. För att besvara forskningsfrågorna samlades data in med hjälp av kvalitativa semi-strukturerade intervjuer där fem respondenter var delaktiga. Studiens resultat tydde på att den strategiska kompetensförsörjningens omfattning samvarierar med företagens storlek. Studien visade även på att rationella, situationsberoende beslut är ytterligare en parameter som styr valet av rekryteringsmetod. De förutsättningar som studien visade ligger till grund för valet av headhunting som rekryteringsmetod är brist på intern kompetens, behov av specifika, komplexa kompetenser, affärskritisk roll samt riskminimering. Identifierade framgångsfaktorer är en tydlig kravprofil, ett gediget förarbete, intern rekryteringskompetens och god kommunikation.
The research has shown deficiencies in the use and utility of headhunting as a strategic competence tool. The purpose of the study was to investigate which strategic business goals, needs and conditions form the basis for the decision to successfully recruit managers and other business-critical roles via the headhunting method. In order to answer our research questions, data were collected by using qualitative semi-structured interviews in which five respondents participated. The results of the study indicated that the scope of strategic competence supply varies with the size of the companies. The study also showed that rational, situation-dependent decisions are another parameter that governs the choice of recruiting method. The prerequisites that the study shows are the basis for the choice of headhunting as a recruitment method is a lack of internal competence, need for specific, complex skills, business-critical role and risk minimization. Identified success factors are a clear requirement profile, solid preliminary work, internal recruitment skills and good communication.

This study examined situational and individual difference variables that impact message strategy selection in superior-subordinate influence attempts. The study predicted and found a significant interaction between other benefit and concern for people. The results indicate that employee-oriented subjects are more un willing to employ aggressive strategies when compliance does not benefit the target. In addition, the study predicted and found a significant interaction between the type of relationship between superior and subordinates and concern for task. Results obtained suggesting that task-oriented subjects use more aggressive strategies when attempting to gain compliance from employees in noninterpersonal relationships only. Females reported a greater degree of concern for people than males and more un willingness to employ verbally aggressive strategies. This supports the conclusion that females may be more empathic than males, resulting in an unwillingness to employ strategies that may be perceived as lacking in concern for other's feelings.

The aim for this master’s thesis is to explore and explain how vicars and chairmen of church councils understand the role and tasks of the vicar in large and middle-sized multi-parish benefices in these new and bigger organizations that took shape after the organizational change 2014 in Church of Sweden. The study is based on interviews with six vicars and four chairmen in four large and two middle sized multi-parish benefices in four different dioceses. For the theoretical framework, Mintzberg’s configurations have been used with a special emphasis on the divisionalized/diversified configuration. The result of the study shows that both vicars and chairmen think the role of the vicar is obvious and indistinct at the same time. It is distinct in that way that there is “Kyrkoordningen” which is Church of Sweden’s official legal framework which is about Church of Sweden’s faith, confession and creed. It also states what a parish has to do; celebrate worship, carry out education, exercise social welfare work and mission, but it doesn’t say how much or how. The vicar needs a driving force, a wish to move the organization into the future and should have visions without forgetting what the mission, the core, is. Most of the informants also consider the vicar to be a spiritual leader. A strength as well as a weakness is the size of the organization. Some of the strengths are about having all the resources an organization has need of as well as a deficit of vulnerability. The new organizational form makes it possible for the vicar to become the organization’s face outward as well as the unifying force for the inward. The weakness is about the inertia in the organization with decision-making procedures that can be long and unnecessary complex. There is a complexity in the relationship with the diocese that also has its root in the size. The organizational structure about governing och leading, how does it affect the vicars and chairmen? Almost all the informants think there is a distinct line between governing and leading and it is the duty of the vicar to lead and the duty of the church council to govern under the leadership of the chairman. All the vicars have a good or even a very good relationship with the chairmen and vice versa. Some of them have worked together for many years, three of four chairmen have recruited “their” vicar. Mutual respect and trust are two words that shone through and form a basis for the cooperation. Each multi-parish benefice has a number of parishes, from three to eight and all of them are led by a middle-manager called “församlingsherde”, middle-vicar and each of them is fully responsible for their parish. Three of the vicars also have a deputy vicar. The preparatory work before the organizational change has been made in each benefice and it seems that the more essential and active the work the better outcome. Time seems to be an important factor. About half of the benefices consider that the organization has consolidated since 2014.
Syftet med uppsatsen är undersöka och förklara hur kyrkoherdar och kyrkorådsordföranden i Svenska kyrkan uppfattar kyrkoherdens roll och uppgifter i de nya och större pastoraten som bildades efter 2014. Studien bygger på sex intervjuer med kyrkoherdar och fyra kyrkorådsordföranden från stora och mellanstora pastorat i Svenska kyrkan. Med hjälp av Mintzbergs konfigurationer med betoning på den divisionaliserade/diversifierade organisationen analyseras organisationens påverkan på ledarskapet och vice versa. Om kyrkoherdens roll och uppgifter anser de flesta att kyrkoherden ska leda arbetet i pastoratet, hålla ihop organisationen, vara pastoratets ansikte utåt och inspirera medarbetare, förtroendevalda och frivilliga i organisationen. Kyrkoherdens ska dessutom vara visionär, kunna delegera och ansvara för arbetsmiljön. Sedan anser de flesta också att kyrkoherden ska vara en andlig ledare men hur kyrkoherdarna ser på det andliga ledarskapet skiljer sig åt. De styrkor som finns i organisationen är storleken som möjliggör kompetenta stödfunktioner, minskad sårbarhet och resurskoncentration och en gemensam funktion i kyrkoherden som kan tala för hela pastoratet. De svagheter som uppmärksammas har också med storleken att göra. Storleken innebär fler beslutsled som leder till en tröghet i organisationen. Dessutom är det svårt att hitta fungerande samverkans- och kommunikationsformer. I relation till stiftet är storleken också problematisk. De flesta anser att det finns en klar skillnad mellan att styra och leda, kyrkoherden leder pastoratets verksamhet och kyrkorådet styr under ledning av kyrkorådets ordförande. Både kyrkoherdar och kyrkorådsordförande anser att de har en god eller mycket god relation till varandra. Respekt och tillit är ord som intervjuerna andas. De flesta kyrkoherdar och ordförande verkar anse att det har gjorts ett omfattande förarbete och några av pastoraten började innan samfälligheternas upphörande att fundera över framtiden och hur man på bästa sätt skulle organisera sig. Hälften av de tillfrågade anser att deras organisation har konsoliderat och de som svarar ja är också de som verkar ha arbetat mest aktivt inför organisationsförändringen. Det förefaller som om både aktivt arbete och tid är viktiga faktorer för att få en organisation att konsolidera.

This material informs readers about implementation of strategy in company. The chapter number 1 (theoretical part) deals with the general principals of implementation of strategy and methods which are used for practise. This part should be instrumental as a theoretical base for the practical part. The sekond part (analysis) is focusing on running of comapany Komerční pojišťovna, a.s.. It describes history of company, its activities, organization structure. First of all it characterizes the methods, which are used by top management for implementation of strategy to all stages of management. Part of analysis is called questionnaire examination and it identifies fruitfulness of this implementation from employees view. The third part prezents proposals and recommendations for more efficient processes.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2004.
Advisor: Dr. Susan Fiorito, Florida State University, College of Human Sciences, Dept. of Textiles and Consumer Sciences. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 28, 2004). Includes bibliographical references.

Although school leaders receive coursework and some practicum experience, there are gaps in their preparation that can only be filled on the job. Because the decisions made by new educational leaders are of great consequence to themselves and their school communities, an important goal should be the sharing of knowledge and support amongst a community of peers. This work reviews the challenges facing new administrators, critically reviews the training of educational administrators in Ontario, and recommends an in-service community method to supplement the support received by new administrators in their first several years. This document begins with an examination of relevant research literature in leadership development, online communities, the nature of expertise, and technology-enhanced learning with technology. One outcome of this review is a set of “knowledge dimensions” that are important to the development of leadership expertise. The dissertation then examines a three year journey of an online community of educational administrators who share in their journey toward expertise. The e-mails from the community were analyzed according to their function within the community and their relevant domain content. Of particular interest was the question of how such e-mail exchanges allowed members to develop in all five dimensions of school leadership knowledge. A coding of e-mail threads revealed that all dimensions of leadership knowledge were represented in the content, and that the quality of e-mails improved in both content as well as knowledge building practices over the three years. The growth of the community as a whole and of individual members is examined through a set of individual case studies. Finally, the dissertation closes with a discussion of the future of this community, as well as the prospects that such an approach could be applied more widely in support of new school leaders.

This study examined youth participants in a structured leisure activity and their perceptions regarding the benefits accrued as a result of participation. 4 male and 12 female youth between the ages of 13-16 participated. Data was collected through focus group discussions and analyzed using a thematic analysis. The perceived benefits of participation and the characteristics of the program that caused this accrual were identified. Perceived benefits included improvement in school marks and self-confidence, increased volunteer participation, and the development of prosocial behaviours, social competencies and cognitive skills. Program characteristics included meaningful and supportive relationships, opportunities to build an identity, and involvement in unique learning opportunities. The study was not generalizable to other programs and focused solely on the benefits of participation; not the negative repercussions. It has implications for program design and implementation, and provides support for the need to develop programs that incorporate a positive youth development philosophy.

While various systems of support and professional development are in place for teachers, there remains a distinct void when it comes to these same opportunities for beginning and especially, experienced principals. An emerging form of assistance for campus principals is leadership coaching: a confidential relationship between a professional coach and principal focused on capacity building and the provision of time and support for the school leader to thoughtfully reflect, plan, problem solve, and establish and achieve significant goals. Leadership coaching is an investment in campus principals, which seems to fill an immediate need for them to experience relevant, ongoing, job-embedded, and individualized professional development. This multiple-case qualitative study, using a grounded theory approach, was framed by the research questions: What are the experiences of middle and high school principals participating in leadership coaching and what benefits result from principal participation in leadership coaching? Through the constant comparative analysis of individual and collective data obtained through semi-structured interviews, observations, and documental evidence of principals participating in leadership coaching, principals’ perceptions of their leadership coaching experience and any benefits were revealed. Overall, findings suggested that participation in leadership coaching was perceived positively and led to principals taking time to pause from their stressful roles and responsibilities to reflect and plan. Principals described factors that accounted for initially connecting with their coaches, such as client readiness and the coach’s experience, as well as the conditions established by the coach that helped build and sustain a healthy coaching relationship: safety, flexibility, action-orientation, and skillful guidance. Additionally, principals reported personal, professional, and organizational benefits resulting from leadership coaching. Personal benefits included better self-care, reduced isolation, increased self-confidence, and heightened self-awareness. On a professional level, coaching resulted in the generation of plans/ideas, improved communication, individualized professional development, and an enhanced sense of efficacy. And finally, organizational benefits were identified in areas of staffing, solutions, student performance, and the extension of coaching to others.
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碩士
南臺科技大學
餐旅管理系
104
Companies want to survive in the global environment, undergoes constant innovation, change, technological and social advancement, social advancement, rapidly changing environment. The internal structure of the organization need to constantly alter and reorganize. This prompted the members of the organization to constantly adapt to the new organizational environment, leading to job stress and job insecurity and indirectly impact team morale. Organizational change for serving members will cause adverse effects, it is not just for change's sake but it creates job insecurity. The negative effect of job insecurity brought about is enormous. Past studies have found that job insecurity has an impact on the personal work, health and the organization. Job insecurity and job satisfaction affects the organization negatively. To this end, leadership behavior has become one of the determining factors whether members of the organization can adapt to the new organization and reduce job insecurity. The superior must lead the group convincingly. Leaders must gain the trust of the organization members in order to expand their knowledge capacity. Transformational leadership behavior enables the members to trust, respect, and be loyal. The benefits and remuneration system will determine whether members can adapt to the new organization. The other factor that reduces job insecurity is proper human resource management. Mismanagement will generate labor disputes. Minor cases can lower the workers morale and serious one will affect the performance of the company. By using the 2-way ANOVA, in this study, the following results are obtained: 1. Transformational leadership behavior and job insecurity was negatively correlated. 2. Benefits and remuneration system and job insecurity was negatively correlated. 3. Positive organizational change recognition and job insecurity was negatively correlated. 4. Negative organizational change recognition and job insecurity was positively correlated. Keyword: Transformational Leadership Behavior, Benefits and Remuneration System, Organizational Change Recognition, Job Insecurity

This study examined how teachers' perceptions and attitudes and students' perceptions impacted the learning outcomes students received from their participation in service-learning. Service-learning is a form of experiential learning that endeavors to enhance students' academic and civic education through participation in community service. Two learning outcomes of service-learning were investigated: student problem solving and leadership skills. The data consisted of survey responses from 443 middle and high school students and their respective teachers that participated in evaluation research conducted by the Texas Center for Service-Learning and Texas A&M University during the 2007-2008 academic year. The survey items used from the teacher surveys focused on whether teachers felt that administrators took their opinions and ideas into account when making decisions regarding the service-learning program, as well as items that focused on teachers' general attitude towards the program. Survey items used from the student surveys focused on whether students felt their teacher enjoyed service-learning projects, as well as survey items that focused on students' selfefficacy in terms of problem solving and leadership skills. The basic hypotheses were: (1) the more institutionalized the service-learning program is in the students' school, the more positive benefits they receive from their program involvement, (2) when students perceive that they have more ownership of the service-learning program, they receive more benefits from their participation, and (3) the more positively students perceive the teacher's perception of the service-learning program, the more positive benefits students receive for their program involvement. Path analysis and multiple regression are used to test the hypotheses. Contrary to what was expected, the data indicated that institutionalization was significantly, negatively related to student problem solving (-.3007, p less than or equal to .001) and leadership skills (-.4020, p less than or equal to .001). As expected, the data showed that student perception of student ownership of the service-learning program was significantly, positively related to student problem solving (1.0845, p less than or equal to .05) and leadership skills (2.4721, p less than or equal to .001). The data also showed that teacher attitude was very important in regard to student perception of the teacher's attitude and student perception of student ownership of the program, as well as student problem solving and leadership skills. The data suggested that the teacher's attitude was more important in terms of student learning outcomes than the student's perception of the teacher's attitude.

The study focused on the leadership strategies employed by secondary school management team (SMT) in managing teamwork in Tshwane North District schools. Apart from a literature review, the objective of this study was to explore leadership strategies employed by SMT in managing teamwork, and how it affects the overall school management and performance. The study was conducted in the purposefully sampled six secondary schools wherein 18 SMT members were interviewed and 100 questionnaires distributed to 10 randomly sampled schools from the population of 30 schools. The study adopted the mixed methods research and sought to unpack the leadership strategies SMT members employ to manage teamwork. Empirical findings elicited by this study are that the concept of leadership strategies is a positive development. The participants’ perception of leadership strategies is generally favourable and they welcome the development, though many argue that it is essentially nothing new.
Educational Leadership and Management
D. Ed. (Educational Management)

The changes within the South African education system have turned-around the view that regards principals as “sole” people responsible for leadership and management of schools. The task of the school principal has undergone a radical change. Over the years the notion has been replaced by the view that sees management and leadership as prerogative of many, including stakeholders within and outside education. The move has become world-wide phenomenon compelled by the dual imperatives changing societal values and the rate of change. This study is aimed at investigating the perceptions and experiences of School Management Teams (SMTs) on teamwork as an alternative to school management. The investigation was framed within the mixed-method approach, and sought to unpack the experience of SMT members with regard to teamwork. An interpretive paradigm made it possible for me to gain an in-depth understanding of SMT members’ experience of teamwork within their school contexts. I used interviews and questionnaires as research tools to gather data. This study has found that, although the concept of teamwork is well-received, there are still significant obstacles to the implementation of teamwork as an alternative form of school management
Educational Leadership and Management
M. Ed. (Education Management)

Unitarian Universalist congregations suffer from short-term ministries, requiring focus on transition rather than faith development and congregational vision. This thesis suggests that long-term ministries are advantageous, and explores factors contributing to effective long-term ministries. The method was to interview clergy serving eight or more years in congregations and following other long-term ministers. Interviewees were then brought into dialogue with leadership theory, theology, and past studies of the topic. The analysis reveals benefits for Unitarian Universalist long-term ministries, including increased stability, trust, vision, resilience, and spiritual maturity. The thesis concludes with proposals to support long-term ministries more widely in Unitarian Universalism.

碩士
國立東華大學
企業管理學系
92
Due to labory intensive turns into technology intensive in Taiwain industry ,and technology industry turns successful or fail key in the future in Taiwain; and technology industry becomes in for good job, for reason well industry vision, or high profolio ,or employee benefit, leadership style. Based on this factors, the industry uses motivation Rewards or leadership style, wheather increase employees for job satisfaction and organization commitment or not, so in this content will disscuss main subject. Research framework includes leadership style, employee benefit, job satisfaction and organization commitment five path relations. The research uses statistic tools, like hierarchical regression analysis and LISREL, to carry out structural analysis leadership style, employee benefit, the model to find out the cause and effect of the job satisfaction and organization commitment , and the results of this research are described as follow: 1.The semicductor leadership style and employee benefit, model supports this research’s framework. 2The strengthening of semicductor industry’s leadership style and employee benefit can promote engineer for job satisfaction. 3.The engineer for job satisfaction can build up organization commitment. 4.The semicductor engineer will be affected by the leisure , information and trend factors wealthy of their lifestyles, which will also influence their views about leadership style, employee benefit, job satisfaction and organization commitment.

Democracy in South Africa, among others, has brought a significant number of changes in the education system, including the concept of school management team in schools (SMT). In line with this, the objective of this study was to find out how SMTs experience teamwork in schools; and was conducted in the purposefully sampled six secondary schools in the Tshwane North District. This study was framed within the interpretive approach, and sought to unpack the experience of SMT members with regard to teamwork. An interpretive paradigm made it possible for me to gain an in-depth understanding of SMT member‟s experience of teamwork within their school contexts. I used interviews and questionnaires as research tools to gather data. This study has found that, although the concept of teamwork is well-received, there are significant obstacles to the implementation of teamwork as an alternative form of management.
Educational Studies
M. Ed. (Education Management)