Journal articles on the topic 'Benga Mine – Personnel management'

According to the requirements of National security Supervision department,aimed at the low safety factor and the backward of personnel management, a coal mine underground personnel management system has been developed. The system adopted the Industrial Ethernet and CAN bus for transmission medium, disposed and managed the data from substation in time. This article introduced the framework of Design software and the main functions module of the software and database structure.

Designing the mine staff management system based on the RFID technology and GIS technology. The personnel ID information can be collected by the locating substation and transmitted to monitor center by the wireless network and cables. User’s personnel ID information which is collected by the locating substation can be used to check the staff attendance and offer the rescuer some information with the trapped victims.

This paper presents a ML2012 system of the downhole safety management system based on RFID technology downhole safety jobs. The development and production of the set of underground personnel positioning, attendance, hardware maintenance, and day-to-day management is one comprehensive application systems. Monitoring and positioning of the coal mine personnel, vehicles and disaster relief to help. It has an extremely important significance to improve mine management level to ensure the safe production of enterprise automation.

With the continuing development of Radio Frequency Identification technology, RFID has been used widely. Based on RFTD technology, the paper introduces some examples used in coal mines in the country. The component and the working principle of the system were also be presented. The paper introduced the application of RFID technology in personnel position management, tunnel safety and device management.

<p>Combined with the reconstruction project of underground locomotive transportation system in Guqiao Coal Mine of Huainan Mining Group, the dissertation studies the comprehensive management system of coal mine locomotive transportation. The accuracy of ZigBee wireless positioning technology is improved through Gaussian filtering to make it applicable to more complex underground coal mine environment. Frequency conversion control is used in the motor control circuit to realize real-time calculation of the running speed of the locomotive. By analyzing the control scheme of the turnout and traffic lights, the explosion isolation and essential safety control sub-station suitable for gas mine are designed. Communication platform construction of the system is realized through wireless base station of Benan mine and industrial network of coal mine. System relevant data can be uploaded to the ground dispatching center in real time, so that the scheduling staff can reasonably arrange the scheduling tasks in a timely manner. The optimized logistics management and storage management system makes the material dispatching and transportation more reasonable and scientific. Through the analysis of the running data, the construction and personnel management of the locomotives are realized.</p>

This article introduces a mine production management system based on the Internet of Things and Virtual Technology. The system is digitization and automation which has following functions, mineral resources and reserves dynamic management, personnel positioning management, escape routes design, mining production plan and optimize the management and production scheduling management.

The Internet of things technology plays a very important role in coal mine monitoring work. To achieve convergence ground technical management personnel and coal mine production in the extensive application of the Internet of things technology, it can effectively improve the monitoring capacity of all aspects of the coal mine, the monitoring content and low false zero false negative. To ensure the safe and efficient production of the coal mine enterprises, this paper will make discussion and research from the network technology in the local temperature mine tunnel real-time acquisition and control technology.

In recent years, people pay more and more attention to coal production safety. In order to enhance the security of underground work, optimize the coal mine management, and improve the personnel location accuracy, a newly arisen technique based on ZigBee with the low power, low cost and low complexity, which is suitable for being used to implement personnel position in underground coal mine, is built after comparing with several kinds of major wireless technology. In this paper, we present a new algorithm of underground personnel position based on this new technology. The algorithm uses Gaussian filtering algorithm and Bayesian statistics theory. The algorithm has been tested and the result has been analyzed. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm provides more accurate position than positioning algorithm using RSSI.

In recent years, the technology of video surveillance, widely used in the coal industry, has become an important technical means in mine safety production and management. Movement monitoring of personnel and carrier is an important part in underground video monitoring and management. This paper firstly detects change region of moving targets through background subtraction and temporal difference. Detecting moving targets through binarization and morphological filtering, thus personnel and carrier are identified combining with shape feature and texture. The rest of this paper puts forward an improved particle filter method to recognize and track multiple moving targets. Lastly this paper gives an underground video example to monitor the underground video. The result of this paper shows that this method has great significance for mine safety production.

Safety production is a major problem faced by mining enterprises. In view of the requirements of mine safety production and the development of information technology, the application of Internet of Things technology to the mining process can not only improve the safety management technology of mine enterprises, The steady growth of the national economy and the sustainable and healthy development of mining have a profound impact. The on-line monitoring system of mining safety based on Internet of Things technology can help mine personnel, equipment and environment comprehensive management, enrich the mine safety production management means, and improve the ability of mine to resist various risks and disasters. In this paper, combined with the actual situation of the mine, focusing on the Internet of Things technology-based mine safety inspection and protection system construction of the necessity, and based on the three-tier architecture of the open architecture of the network, based on mine safety on-line detection support system Of the application model structure. For the construction of mine networking provides the experience and technology<strong>.</strong>

Sustainability of mining companies is of of high concern. The problem is specifically acute at companies that are monotownor monosettlement-forming. Sustainability of a mine depends in many ways on product quality and production resource-intensity. This article discusses formation of mineral quality indexes in terms of an open pit chrysotile mine. The studies took into account specific features of operation procedures implemented by each structural division of the mine. The analysis has found managerial and technological inconsistencies which affect quality and marketable product output, as well as efficiency of the mine in whole. The background for efficiency enhancement at a company is, by the authors’ opinion, consolidation of personnel subject to the single development strategy, namely: improvement of production and control efficiency, as well as use of available reserves and resources by means of better setup for production. The proposed approaches to planning mining operations and forming mineral quality allow higher quality of processing stock. In addition, a new model proposed for interaction between structural divisions of a mining company ensures improvement of general production indexes.

In order to describe the influential factors of personnel underground behavior safety in metal mines scientifically, pointedly strengthen the safety precautions and decrease the accidents, personnel underground behavior safety characters and influential factors have been analyzed systematically. Furthermore, researches on the quantified degree of influence to personnel underground behavior safety of each factor have been done in this thesis. Complex comprehensive influences of multiple factors including personnel-self, mechanical equipment, production environment and management have been obtained based on safety evaluation system of man-machine-environment, therefore model for evaluating personnel underground safety behavior by grey relevance analysis has been built up to compare and analyze personnel behavior safety quantifiably, so that the primary and secondary factors have been found out finally. The model has been applied to one metal mine to analyze recent human-caused accidents due to human factors which reveals that factors of production environment and management have greater influence, and this conforms to actual production and safety state in our country.

Man and machine Positioning System of Underground Coal Mines in the Iron Mine Exploitation of Loufan Ludi Mining Limited Company is based on the ZigBee Wireless Communication Technology. It realizes the effective management of the precise positioning of Man-machine and the workers. This article describes the composition of the system, the performance and management of content and network formation. The application practice shows that the underground man-machine positioning system based on ZigBee technology has played an important role in the underground personnel information management and security hedge. Such system could better meet the needs of the mine safety management and there is great prospect of application of it.

Taking the ventilation system of Jinshandian Iron Mine as the background of this research, the author proposed and designed an automatic remote monitoring system of mine ventilation based on PLC and LabView in the essay. As various sensors and PLC are set in the mine, the system is able to achieve real-time monitoring and display towards the working state and working environment parameters for the fans and motors in the mine. With intelligent analytical technologies, the system will optimally regulate the start-up and shut-down or running frequency of all fans according to the change of personnel, equipment and working environment parameters, and play a role in dynamic display, early warning and remote control for the mine ventilation system. Practice has proved that the application of the system in the production of Jinshandian Iron Mine has successfully protected the staff and equipment, realized the remote central monitoring and controlling for the production, improved the automatic management for mining enterprises, and reduced the cost for ventilation.

Because of personnel deployment flow, protection equipment and electric device replacement, and enterprise scale expansion, setting management is more difficult. It is easy to be out of control and become the main reason for the anti-grade trip. To solve the anti-grade trip problem of setting mismanagement, this paper designed one setting management system, which is composed of slave controller and upper server. After analysis, the communication process based on the TCP/IP protocols, the communication scheme is chosen between slave controller and upper server. Software within upper server is designed based on database technology. Slave controller gets the setting from relay protection device, by using IEC 60870-5-103 protocols based on serial communication, and sends to the software within the upper server, which can monitor, display and record. Setting management problem was solved, which is caused by the personnel deployment flow, protection equipment replacement, and enterprise scale expansion. This method can be widely used.

Mine is a high-risk industry and the security will have a direct impact on its reputation, economic and employees survival. In recent years, frequent coal mine accidents have caused enormous social and economic losses. Conducted scientifically and systematically, safety can eliminate harmful risk factors, reduce the occurrence of the accident and improve the security of enterprise management level. So, it is especially important to safety evaluation for the coal industry. There are many risk factors in the production process of coal mine and the factors analysis is the premise of safety evaluation. Researchers evaluated the safety status of mine by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation measure. The study was discussed on the main five factors, including personnel of condition, environmental factors, security management, coal comprehensive conditions and emergency rescue system. Establishing eighteen single factor index layer and getting the index weight values by fuzzy analytic hierarchy. Using the expert evaluation method for the 18 single factors and drawing their membership vector. Finally, combing the evaluation index and weights, it can get a general level to a coal mine in Heilongjiang by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Finally, analyzing the practical of this method and give some advises to these analysis results.

The article is devoted to development of methodology and digital technologies for assessing, forecasting and determining scenarios of geomechanical process evolution. A new digital technology is proposed for remote mining safety monitoring, which integrates a network personnel management system and expert subsystems for decision-making support taking into account geomechanical factors presenting risk of the mine roadway stability loss. Elements of the expert subsystems analyze data in real time, and are used to determine potential risks on basis of criteria and assessments of the production environment state in mines. It is proposed to identify the forecast safety indicators with the help of geomechanical models and by assessing scenarios of the “support-rocks” system stressstrain state evolution. In order the expert assessment of the rock massif and mine roadway stability, integral indicators of emergency potential risk for each geotechnical system elements are specified by values of informative parameters at a certain time point, as well as deviations rates of parameters from the equilibrium point over a period of time. Job safety is provided through the improved effectiveness of personnel interaction and its stricter disciplinary responsibility, as well as by making early decisions on keeping the mine roadways in a trouble-free condition.

In the production of coal, once an mine accident happens, timely monitoring and management are need, in order to ensure communication and rescue work. Using remote video monitoring system, ground or central monitoring personnel can conduct current-time underground monitoring, and can find potential accidents before they occur; in addition, personnel can monitor and record intuitively the safety production in underground work site . This paper begins with an overview of the coal mining enterprise remote video monitoring requirements, discusses the overall design, modules formation and implementation of Internet-based remote video monitoring system of coal mining enterprises programs, and finally presents the development and application of Internet-based remote video monitoring system of coal mining enterprises.

Through on-site inspection for the typical coal mines of each coal tectonic units in Southwest Guizhou as well as analysis of gas parameter, highlight information and gas control technology, the thesis makes the following conclusions. Namely, the overall state of coal seam gas occurrence in Southwest Guizhou mining area presents characteristics with high degree in north and west together with low degree in east. With regard to the existing problems in gas control of this region, it has put forward some suggestions. For example, people shall add test parameters for coal seam gas in most mines, find out status of the mine gas occurrence, make specialized design in terms of gas emission characteristics and perform strict management to ensure proper implementation. Moreover, people can carry out targeted research for outburst prevention indicator, establish suitable predictor system, optimize instrument and equipment, match with current advanced production technology, introduce professional talents and strengthen training for related technology and management personnel.

<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Based on a matrix of interlocking control strategy, industrial plc control technology, field bus communication technology of mine shaft orbit transportation intelligent centralized control technology and implementation method are introduced in this paper. Line operation using the multi section partition method to draw intuitive control strategy, simplifying the interlock logic, to realize the intelligent management and dispatching of the railway train, improve transport efficiency; application of plc and fieldbus technology improves the stability and reliability of the system operation, convenient underground site operation personnel and ground remote scheduling scheduling staff to keep abreast of the train running state, issued instruction scheduling, to ensure the smooth of mine transportation operation. Promote the automation and intelligent development of coal transportation, to improve the level of information technology in coal mine production scheduling, decision-making is of great significance.</span></p>

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine emergency medical service (EMS) personnel’s perceptions and experiences of managing underground mining injury incidents. Design/methodology/approach In total, 13 EMS personnel were interviewed according to a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings An underground mining environment was described as unfamiliar and unsafe and, with no guidelines for operational actions in an extreme environment, such as underground mines, the EMS personnel were uncertain of their role. They therefore became passive and relied on the rescue service and mining company during a major incident. However, the medical care was not considered to be different from any other prehospital care, although a mining environment would make the situation more difficult and it would take longer for the mine workers to be placed under definitive care. Originality/value This study complements earlier studies by examining the EMS personnel’s perceptions and experiences of major incidents.

Mine ventilation system is serious pollution to the surrounding environment. Due to the air flow rate, high speed, strong noise radiation. In addition to the scientific and reasonable design for muffler, ventilation resistance loss calculation is one of the key successful factors of project design, in order to eliminate the noise pollution of mine ventilation system.In recent years,people's awareness level of the harm of noise rises ceaselessly, the environmental protection departments also gradually enlarges the management and punishment to noise pollution.The noise control of coal mine ventilation system with strong radiation and harm has become a pressing matter of the moment. Because the theory calculation of noise control design is fuzzy, Some environmental protection company implement noise control by virtue of experience or imitation of other engineering, leading to a series of problems, such as noise control can not reach the design standard, large ventilation resistance, energy consumption increased, regeneration noise exceed the standard, system vibration. Based on the systematic study for engineering design, i summed up the theory calculation rule for the coal mine ventilation system noise control, as reference to technical personnel.

PurposeThe purpose of this study was from a Swedish perspective to map experts' opinions on theoretical statements of essential collaboration activities for management of mining injury incidents.Design/methodology/approachA Delphi technique was performed, asking opinions from experts in iterative rounds to generate understanding and form consensus on group opinion around multi-agency management. The experts were personnel from emergency medical service, rescue service and mine industry, all with operative command positions.FindingsThree iterative rounds were performed. The first round was conducted as a workshop to collect opinions about the most important multi-agency collaboration activities to optimize victim's outcome from an injury incident in an underground mine. This resulted in 63 statements and additional three were added during the second round. The statements were divided into one trajectory and seventh time phases and comprised, e.g. early alarm routines, support of early life-saving interventions, relevant resources and equipment for the assignment and command and control center and functions with predefined action plans for response. It also comprised shared and communicated decisions about each agency's responsibility and safety. All statements reached consensus among the experts in Round 3.Research limitations/implicationsThe experts included in this study seem to be adequate but there could be other experts and different statements that other researchers might consider.Practical implicationsThese statements could be used to evaluate collaboration in major incidents exercises. The statements can also be quality indicators for reporting results from multi-agency management.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the research field of collaboration and joint practices between and among personnel involved in rescue operations.

This paper presents a method to locate the personnel in the coal mine. ZigBee wireless transmission mode is used to transfer the person location information to the groud.location hardware system includes three components, first one is ZigBee terminal mobile node, which is installed on the body of miners, the left is ZigBee router and ZigBee coordinator, which can obtain the wireless power in the miners place, combined with the RSSI ranging algorithm, can obtain the miner location. The software is used to store the information about the historical location information and others, display the miner location on the underground using the GIS technology. The field application result shows the miner location accuracy of this system is about 3 meters, which is helpful for miner management and accident processing.

Background:Somewhere in western sector, high intensity conflict zone, we had to manage a large number of battle causalities, especially gunshot wound abdomen, and mine blast injury foot. In our collective experience of working in battle strife- zone, we realized that the best and the least a surgical team can do is to execute an old fashioned ‘long stump’ below knee (BK) guillotine amputation, achieve perfect hemostasis, immobilize the limb and rapidly transport the patient to higher surgical centre. This increase in the magnitude of mine blast injuries prompted us to highlight the problem and its management.Methods: We analyzed 18 cases of anti- personnel mine blast injury foot over a 10 months period 2000 to 2001. We have managed 18 mine blast feet in “staged- manner. Stage I- “on battle-field” long stump BK guillotine amputation, perfect hemostasis, wound toileting and stump immobilization. Stage II - at a higher surgical centre elsewhere, the patient underwent a planned BK, prosthetic compatible, posterior myo-cutaneous flap covered stump construction and stage III - On recovery the patient with healed BK stump was transferred to limb prosthesis centre where tailor made BK prosthesis was provided and patient rehabilitated.Results:Various body regions were involved in the mine blast injuries, but the main brunt was borne by feet and legs followed by multiple body regions due to splinters. 18 patients underwent below knee (BK) amputation while 01patient required bilateral BK amputations. The initial aggressive BK Guillotine amputation saved the limb and life of all patients. Few had stump related self-limiting complications. Some had post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Almost all of them had high degree of BK prosthesis acceptance.Conclusions:Mine blast causes extensive injuries and psychological trauma. Management is needed urgently, surgery is difficult, and amputation is often inevitable. In our experience on 18 cases this “safe-need-to-do” staged management of mine blast injury foot, in high conflict area, was found to be least time consuming, less precious resource draining and hardly manpower straining strategy.

The sustainable exploitation of raw materials, with improved safety and increased productivity, is closely linked to the development of mechanical mining installations. Mine hoists are designed for the transport of material, equipment and personnel between the mine surface and the underground. The mine hoist braking system is of paramount importance in its safe operation. Thus, for both drum and disc brake systems, the temperature of the friction surfaces is important for ensuring efficient braking, as exceeding the temperature threshold causes a decrease in the braking capacity. In this paper we present a numerical calculation model for the temperature of the braking disc of a mine hoist in the case of emergency braking. A real-scale model was built, based on the cable drive wheel and disc brake system of a hoisting machine used in Romania. Real material characteristics were imposed for the brake discs, the cable drive wheel and the brake pads. The simulation was performed for decelerations of 3, 3.5, 4 and 4.5 m/s2. The analysis shows that regardless of the acceleration and time simulated, the disc temperature reaches its maximum after 1.35 s of emergency braking. This value does not exceed the 327 °C limit where, according to previous studies, the braking power starts to fade. It means that the emergency braking is safe for the acceleration and masses under consideration, in the case of the studied mine hoist.

Investigation of failures is one of the critical activities of mining and haulage equipment operability assurance in mining. Maintaining failure investigation at the required quality level, it is possible to identify provisions, rules and procedures that should be revised or changed, operation conditions that should be improved, additional personnel training, if required, etc. Investigation of failures in mines is under responsibility of machine men and electricians of maintenance and operation services. In reality, factory management and setup for production condition weak concernment of these workers in quality investigation aimed at finding of sources of equipment failures. This article describes real-life results achieved in development and use of maintenance service operation, technology and management monitoring. The requirements are substantiated for quality improvement in failure cause finding and removal in mining and haulage equipment at Chernogorsky open pit mine, SUEK-Khakassia. Causes of the present quality of failure investigation by machine men of Chernogorsky Repair and Engineering Works and Chernogorsky open pit mine are revealed. The proposed recommended practices will improve quality of mining and haulage equipment failure investigation.

This article is devoted to substantiation of basic algorithms for the information system which could provide prompt making of decisions on ensuring safety of underground mining jobs, which are of great importance for the job safety at the mining enterprises. The information safety system architecture and some basic algorithms was developed. The system differs by its methods for prompt predicting and assessing of different scenarios of geomechanical process development, and which includes the following subsystems: a basic client-server subsystem with functions of interaction between the personnel and management of the enterprise; a reference and information subsystem, which supports a decision making process, accumulates data and analyzes technical documentation; a subsystem for analyzing the job safety by geomechanical factors and for assessing of the “support-rocks” system state basing on the risk criteria and mathematical fuzzy logics. Two integral indicators of safety are formed. The first indicator is used to control entering of the control object to the emergency mode and to determine a factor, which requires urgent interruption, and the second indicator is used for the total assessment of the object current state.

Mine geological factors involved in measuring systems are very complex, large amount of data and attribute more. In actual measurement, due to the precision of measuring instruments and measurement operations personnel and other reasons, the data is inevitably flawed, and then has the subsequent impact of the design, production and management. With intelligent technology and development of computer science, mine has an increasingly high demand of geologic measure data and there are more and more methods to deal with the data. In this paper, rough set theory is applied by analyzing the characteristics of geological measure data and the structure of the database, the corresponding model is established, the uncertainty is found from the database of knowledge and abnormal data, and geological measure dataand the noise in the process of knowledge discovery interference is eliminated. As rough set method is easy to execute in parallel, without any prior knowledge of data and automatically select the appropriate set of attributes, can greatly improve the efficiency of knowledge discovery, get rid of excess property, reduce error rates, then has more advantages in processing the mass of the geological measure data and mining a more realistic data than fuzzy sets and neural network method. In addition, it is easier to be proven and tested in the resulting decision rules and reasoning processes than the latter neural network method are, and the results obtained is more easily evaluated and interpreted. Thus, using rough sets to mine the geologic measure data and find the knowledge hidden in the data, and then make the forecast analysis and decision-support for mine production and management, which is more practical.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of mine protection that concerns troops, it is a set of measures carried out by all types and branches of troops, and it is aimed at protecting personnel and military equipment from mine weapons. One of the ways to increase mine protection of troops is to enlarge the efficiency of informing the troops about the mine situation directly in the area of combat operations. Therefore, the timeliness of carrying out activities for the search, identification, fixation of explosive objects in the ground, as well as the timely collection and communication to relevant officials and departments of this information is the main goal of engineering intelligence in areas of intensive mine warfare. One of the ways to improve the effectiveness of engineering intelligence is to introduce the practice of identifying mine-explosive barriers and countering the enemy sabotage, reconnaissance forces and illegal armed groups that install them in order to establish new ways of conducting intelligence. The methods are based on the using of modern means of obtaining, processing and promptly bringing intelligence data about the mine situation. So a significant increasing of the intelligence capabilities of engineering units is possible through the using of unmanned aerial vehicles. When units are equipped with such devices, it becomes possible to move from an object-based method of conducting reconnaissance to a more efficient one — a zonal one, the essence of which lies in certain subunits of intelligence in areas of responsibility. This will allow the intelligence units to introduce continuous monitoring of the terrain with its full coverage, carrying out maneuvers, if necessary, largely by means, not forces. It will lead to increase effectiveness of the using of engineering reconnaissance units, their full coverage of the operation band, a reduction in the time management cycle of exploration and the achievement of a high degree of efficiency in providing information to the commanders on the mine situation.

To ensure industrial and mining safety the established safety rules for coal mines envisage the use of a number of complexes and systems, combined into multifunctional safety systems. These automated systems provide for people to be involved in the management of technological processes. The purpose of this paper is to assess how the coal mine safety requirements are aligned with other regulatory documents as they apply to modern safety systems in coal mines. To achieve this goal, the personnel location (positioning) and emergency alert systems in coal mine workings are analyzed for compliance with the requirements of the national standard for multifunctional safety systems in coal mines. It is shown that the current requirements for positioning systems are met by systems that have high accuracy in determining the location coordinates of people. It is suggested that positioning systems of the zonal type should be either upgraded to increase the number of readout devices to bring them up to the requirements of safety regulations in coal mines or replaced.

Introduction:The underground mining industry has one of the most hazardous industrial occupations, and requires an increased level of preparedness for injury incidents. The most important outcome for seriously injured victims is the reduction in morbidity and mortality. Receiving effective and timely care may mean the difference between life and death. However, mines are usually located in a rural area and the incident site may be deep underground which makes it an extraordinary challenge for the rescue services. A successful rescue response in an extraordinary milieu demands a high level of inter-organizational cooperation skills at the incident site.Aim:To analyze statements of collaborate activities during a major incident exercise in the underground mine industry, essentially for patient outcome.Methods:A Delphi technique was performed, asking opinions from experts in iterative rounds to generate, understand, and form consensus on group opinion around this complex issue. The experts were personnel from disaster medicine (n=3), emergency and prehospital medicine (n=10), rescue service (n=16), and mine industry (n=9), all with operative command positions.Results:Three iterative rounds were performed. The first round was conducted as a workshop to collect opinions about the most important inter-organization cooperation activities to optimize patient outcome from an injury incident in an underground mine. This resulted in 63 statements. The statements included information about: early alarm routines, collaborative support and efforts of early life-saving interventions, relevant resources and equipment, command and control room, and functions. In round two participants shared and communicated decisions about safety, situation awareness, and guidelines for response. All statements reached consensus among the experts in round three.Discussion:These inter-organizational statements are considered important by experts, and could be used to evaluate collaboration in major incident exercises. Hence, the statements can also be quality indicators for reporting results from major incident management.

Purpose. Development of theoretical foundations and development of methodological recommendations for the formation and improvement of marketing management strategies in industrial enterprises, taking into account the specifics of their industry affiliation. Method. The study of the essence and components of strategic marketing management is based on the methods of systems analysis and synthesis. The analysis of the stages of formation of strategic marketing management at an industrial enterprise is carried out on the basis of structural and logical methods. Results. The approaches of different scientific schools to the formation of concepts of strategic management of marketing activities are analyzed. It is found out that strategic management of marketing activity uses methods of development of the general strategy which is a basis of certain functional strategies (marketing, production, financial, personnel, innovative), and mechanisms of their realization for the purpose of achievement of conformity of mission, the purposes and internal potential of the enterprise. external environment. The directions of formation of marketing management strategy at the coal mining enterprise on the basis of the carried-out researches are substantiated: definition of mission, the purposes and tasks of marketing at all levels of marketing management; substantiation of the strategy of partnership interaction. The stages of formation of marketing management strategy at the coal mining enterprise are offered. On the basis of the collected quantitative and qualitative data, with the use of the information received at filling in of the questionnaire and the analytical information the SWOT-analysis of marketing activity of mine is carried out. Based on the generalization of the analysis, it is appropriate to propose a general sequence of interaction strategy using the allocation of the integrator as a sequence of stages of strategy planning in the supply and marketing channels based on marketing partnerships. Scientific novelty. The stages of formation of marketing management strategy at an industrial enterprise are substantiated taking into account the specifics of its branch affiliation and strategy of interaction on the basis of allocation of the integrator enterprise and formation of marketing of partnership relations. Practical significance. The obtained results of the research determine the general directions of improvement of marketing strategic management at the industrial enterprise by definition of strategy formation stages of marketing and marketing of partner relations

A major fire incident in a Swedish underground mine made the personnel from the mining company and the rescue service realize their limited preparedness. It was the beginning of a collaboration project that included the development of a new exercise model for a more effective joint rescue operation practice. The aim of this study was to explore the collaborative learning process of exercise organizers from the rescue service, mining companies, the emergency medical service, a training company, and academia. The analysis was performed through the application of the theory cycle of expansive learning to the material consisting of documents from 16 collaboration meetings and 11 full-scale exercises. The learning process started by the participants questioning the present practice of the rescue operation and analyzing it by creating a flow chart. An essential part of the process was to model new tools in order to increase the potential for collaboration. The tools were examined and tested during collaboration meetings and implemented during full-scale exercises. The exercise organizers reflected that the process led to organizational development and a better understanding of the other organizations’ perspectives. Consequently, a tentative model for developing the learning process of exercise organizers was developed.

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has the potential to improve the production and business processes by enabling the extraction of valuable information from industrial processes. The mining industry, however, is rather traditional and somewhat slow to change due to infrastructural limitations in communication, data management, storage, and exchange of information. Most research efforts so far on applying IIoT in the mining industry focus on specific concerns such as ventilation monitoring, accident analysis, fleet and personnel management, tailing dam monitoring, and pre-alarm system while an overall IIoT architecture suitable for the general conditions in the mining industry is still missing. This article analyzes the current state of Information Technology in the mining sector and identifies a major challenge of vertical fragmentation due to the technological variety of various systems and devices offered by different vendors, preventing interoperability, data distribution, and the exchange of information securely between devices and systems. Based on guidelines and practices from the major IIoT standards, a high-level IIoT architecture suitable for the mining industry is then synthesized and presented, addressing the identified challenges and enabling smart mines by automation, interoperable systems, data distribution, and real-time visibility of the mining status. Remote controlling, data processing, and interoperability techniques of the architecture evolve all stages of mining from prospecting to reclamation. The adoption of such IIoT architecture in the mining industry offers safer mine site for workers, predictable mining operations, interoperable environment for both traditional and modern systems and devices, automation to reduce human intervention, and enables underground surveillance by converging operational technology (OT) and information technology (IT). Significant open research challenges and directions are also studied and identified in this paper, such as mobility management, scalability, virtualization at the IIoT edge, and digital twins.

In my postgraduate formation during the last years of the 80’s, we had close to thirty hospital beds in a pavilion called “sépticas” (1). In Colombia, where abortion was completely penalized, the pavilion was mostly filled with women with insecure, complicated abortions. The focus we received was technical: management of intensive care; performance of hysterectomies, colostomies, bowel resection, etc. In those times, some nurses were nuns and limited themselves to interrogating the patients to get them to “confess” what they had done to themselves in order to abort. It always disturbed me that the women who left alive, left without any advice or contraceptive method. Having asked a professor of mine, he responded with disdain: “This is a third level hospital, those things are done by nurses of the first level”.
 Seeing so much pain and death, I decided to talk to patients, and I began to understand their decision. I still remember so many deaths with sadness, but one case in particular pains me: it was a woman close to being fifty who arrived with a uterine perforation in a state of advanced sepsis. Despite the surgery and the intensive care, she passed away. I had talked to her, and she told me she was a widow, had two adult kids and had aborted because of “embarrassment towards them” because they were going to find out that she had an active sexual life. A few days after her passing, the pathology professor called me, surprised, to tell me that the uterus we had sent for pathological examination showed no pregnancy. She was a woman in a perimenopausal state with a pregnancy exam that gave a false positive due to the high levels of FSH/LH typical of her age. SHE WAS NOT PREGNANT!!! She didn’t have menstruation because she was premenopausal and a false positive led her to an unsafe abortion. Of course, the injuries caused in the attempted abortion caused the fatal conclusion, but the real underlying cause was the social taboo in respect to sexuality.
 I had to watch many adolescents and young women leave the hospital alive, but without a uterus, sometime without ovaries and with colostomies, to be looked down on by a society that blamed them for deciding to not be mothers. I had to see situation of women that arrived with their intestines protruding from their vaginas because of unsafe abortions. I saw women, who in their despair, self-inflicted injuries attempting to abort with elements such as stick, branches, onion wedges, alum bars and clothing hooks among others. Among so many deaths, it was hard not having at least one woman per day in the morgue due to an unsafe abortion.
 During those time, healthcare was not handled from the biopsychosocial, but only from the technical (2); nonetheless, in the academic evaluations that were performed, when asked about the definition of health, we had to recite the text from the International Organization of Health that included these three aspects. How contradictory!
 To give response to the health need of women and guarantee their right when I was already a professor, I began an obstetric contraceptive service in that third level hospital. There was resistance from the directors, but fortunately I was able to acquire international donations for the institution, which facilitated its acceptance. I decided to undertake a teaching career with the hope of being able to sensitize health professionals towards an integral focus of health and illness.
 When the International Conference of Population and Development (ICPD) was held in Cairo in 1994, I had already spent various years in teaching, and when I read their Action Program, I found a name for what I was working on: Sexual and Reproductive Rights. I began to incorporate the tools given by this document into my professional and teaching life. I was able to sensitize people at my countries Health Ministry, and we worked together moving it to an approach of human rights in areas of sexual and reproductive health (SRH). This new viewpoint, in addition to being integral, sought to give answers to old problems like maternal mortality, adolescent pregnancy, low contraceptive prevalence, unplanned or unwanted pregnancy or violence against women. With other sensitized people, we began with these SRH issues to permeate the Colombian Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, some universities, and university hospitals. We are still fighting in a country that despite many difficulties has improved its indicators of SRH.
 With the experience of having labored in all sphere of these topics, we manage to create, with a handful of colleagues and friend at the Universidad El Bosque, a Master’s Program in Sexual and Reproductive Health, open to all professions, in which we broke several paradigms. A program was initiated in which the qualitative and quantitative investigation had the same weight, and some alumni of the program are now in positions of leadership in governmental and international institutions, replicating integral models. In the Latin American Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FLASOG, English acronym) and in the International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO), I was able to apply my experience for many years in the SRH committees of these association to benefit women and girls in the regional and global environments.
 When I think of who has inspired me in these fights, I should highlight the great feminist who have taught me and been with me in so many fights. I cannot mention them all, but I have admired the story of the life of Margaret Sanger with her persistence and visionary outlook. She fought throughout her whole life to help the women of the 20th century to be able to obtain the right to decide when and whether or not they wanted to have children (3). Of current feminist, I have had the privilege of sharing experiences with Carmen Barroso, Giselle Carino, Debora Diniz and Alejandra Meglioli, leaders of the International Planned Parenthood Federation – Western Hemisphere Region (IPPF-RHO). From my country, I want to mention my countrywoman Florence Thomas, psychologist, columnist, writer and Colombo-French feminist. She is one of the most influential and important voices in the movement for women rights in Colombia and the region. She arrived from France in the 1960’s, in the years of counterculture, the Beatles, hippies, Simone de Beauvoir, and Jean-Paul Sartre, a time in which capitalism and consumer culture began to be criticized (4). It was then when they began to talk about the female body, female sexuality and when the contraceptive pill arrived like a total revolution for women. Upon its arrival in 1967, she experimented a shock because she had just assisted in a revolution and only found a country of mothers, not women (5). That was the only destiny for a woman, to be quiet and submissive. Then she realized that this could not continue, speaking of “revolutionary vanguards” in such a patriarchal environment.
 In 1986 with the North American and European feminism waves and with her academic team, they created the group “Mujer y Sociedad de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia”, incubator of great initiatives and achievements for the country (6). She has led great changes with her courage, the strength of her arguments, and a simultaneously passionate and agreeable discourse. Among her multiple books, I highlight “Conversaciones con Violeta” (7), motivated by the disdain towards feminism of some young women. She writes it as a dialogue with an imaginary daughter in which, in an intimate manner, she reconstructs the history of women throughout the centuries and gives new light of the fundamental role of feminism in the life of modern women. Another book that shows her bravery is “Había que decirlo” (8), in which she narrates the experience of her own abortion at age twenty-two in sixty’s France.
 My work experience in the IPPF-RHO has allowed me to meet leaders of all ages in diverse countries of the region, who with great mysticism and dedication, voluntarily, work to achieve a more equal and just society. I have been particularly impressed by the appropriation of the concept of sexual and reproductive rights by young people, and this has given me great hope for the future of the planet. We continue to have an incomplete agenda of the action plan of the ICPD of Cairo but seeing how the youth bravely confront the challenges motivates me to continue ahead and give my years of experience in an intergenerational work.
 In their policies and programs, the IPPF-RHO evidences great commitment for the rights and the SRH of adolescent, that are consistent with what the organization promotes, for example, 20% of the places for decision making are in hands of the young. Member organizations, that base their labor on volunteers, are true incubators of youth that will make that unassailable and necessary change of generations. In contrast to what many of us experienced, working in this complicated agenda of sexual and reproductive health without theoretical bases, today we see committed people with a solid formation to replace us. In the college of medicine at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia and the College of Nursing at the Universidad El Bosque, the new generations are more motivated and empowered, with great desire to change the strict underlying structures.
 Our great worry is the onslaught of the ultra-right, a lot of times better organized than us who do support rights, that supports anti-rights group and are truly pro-life (9). Faced with this scenario, we should organize ourselves better, giving battle to guarantee the rights of women in the local, regional, and global level, aggregating the efforts of all pro-right organizations. We are now committed to the Objectives of Sustainable Development (10), understood as those that satisfy the necessities of the current generation without jeopardizing the capacity of future generations to satisfy their own necessities. This new agenda is based on:
 - The unfinished work of the Millennium Development Goals
 - Pending commitments (international environmental conventions)
 - The emergent topics of the three dimensions of sustainable development: social, economic, and environmental.
 We now have 17 objectives of sustainable development and 169 goals (11). These goals mention “universal access to reproductive health” many times. In objective 3 of this list is included guaranteeing, before the year 2030, “universal access to sexual and reproductive health services, including those of family planning, information, and education.” Likewise, objective 5, “obtain gender equality and empower all women and girls”, establishes the goal of “assuring the universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights in conformity with the action program of the International Conference on Population and Development, the Action Platform of Beijing”. It cannot be forgotten that the term universal access to sexual and reproductive health includes universal access to abortion and contraception.
 Currently, 830 women die every day through preventable maternal causes; of these deaths, 99% occur in developing countries, more than half in fragile environments and in humanitarian contexts (12). 216 million women cannot access modern contraception methods and the majority live in the nine poorest countries in the world and in a cultural environment proper to the decades of the seventies (13). This number only includes women from 15 to 49 years in any marital state, that is to say, the number that takes all women into account is much greater. Achieving the proposed objectives would entail preventing 67 million unwanted pregnancies and reducing maternal deaths by two thirds. We currently have a high, unsatisfied demand for modern contraceptives, with extremely low use of reversible, long term methods (intrauterine devices and subdermal implants) which are the most effect ones with best adherence (14).
 There is not a single objective among the 17 Objectives of Sustainable Development where contraception does not have a prominent role: from the first one that refers to ending poverty, going through the fifth one about gender equality, the tenth of inequality reduction among countries and within the same country, until the sixteenth related with peace and justice. If we want to change the world, we should procure universal access to contraception without myths or barriers. We have the moral obligation of achieving the irradiation of extreme poverty and advancing the construction of more equal, just, and happy societies.
 In emergency contraception (EC), we are very far from reaching expectations. If in reversible, long-term methods we have low prevalence, in EC the situation gets worse. Not all faculties in the region look at this topic, and where it is looked at, there is no homogeneity in content, not even within the same country. There are still myths about their real action mechanisms. There are countries, like Honduras, where it is prohibited and there is no specific medicine, the same case as in Haiti. Where it is available, access is dismal, particularly among girls, adolescents, youth, migrants, afro-descendent, and indigenous. The multiple barriers for the effective use of emergency contraceptives must be knocked down, and to work toward that we have to destroy myths and erroneous perceptions, taboos and cultural norms; achieve changes in laws and restrictive rules within countries, achieve access without barriers to the EC; work in union with other sectors; train health personnel and the community. It is necessary to transform the attitude of health personal to a service above personal opinion.
 Reflecting on what has occurred after the ICPD in Cairo, their Action Program changed how we look at the dynamics of population from an emphasis on demographics to a focus on the people and human rights. The governments agreed that, in this new focus, success was the empowerment of women and the possibility of choice through expanded access to education, health, services, and employment among others. Nonetheless, there have been unequal advances and inequality persists in our region, all the goals were not met, the sexual and reproductive goals continue beyond the reach of many women (15). There is a long road ahead until women and girls of the world can claim their rights and liberty of deciding. Globally, maternal deaths have been reduced, there is more qualified assistance of births, more contraception prevalence, integral sexuality education, and access to SRH services for adolescents are now recognized rights with great advances, and additionally there have been concrete gains in terms of more favorable legal frameworks, particularly in our region; nonetheless, although it’s true that the access condition have improved, the restrictive laws of the region expose the most vulnerable women to insecure abortions.
 There are great challenges for governments to recognize SRH and the DSR as integral parts of health systems, there is an ample agenda against women. In that sense, access to SRH is threatened and oppressed, it requires multi-sector mobilization and litigation strategies, investigation and support for the support of women’s rights as a multi-sector agenda.
 Looking forward, we must make an effort to work more with youth to advance not only the Action Program of the ICPD, but also all social movements. They are one of the most vulnerable groups, and the biggest catalyzers for change. The young population still faces many challenges, especially women and girls; young girls are in particularly high risk due to lack of friendly and confidential services related with sexual and reproductive health, gender violence, and lack of access to services. In addition, access to abortion must be improved; it is the responsibility of states to guarantee the quality and security of this access. In our region there still exist countries with completely restrictive frameworks.
 New technologies facilitate self-care (16), which will allow expansion of universal access, but governments cannot detach themselves from their responsibility. Self-care is expanding in the world and can be strategic for reaching the most vulnerable populations. There are new challenges for the same problems, that require a re-interpretation of the measures necessary to guaranty the DSR of all people, in particular women, girls, and in general, marginalized and vulnerable populations. It is necessary to take into account migrations, climate change, the impact of digital media, the resurgence of hate discourse, oppression, violence, xenophobia, homo/transphobia, and other emergent problems, as SRH should be seen within a framework of justice, not isolated.
 We should demand accountability of the 179 governments that participate in the ICPD 25 years ago and the 193 countries that signed the Sustainable Development Objectives. They should reaffirm their commitments and expand their agenda to topics not considered at that time. Our region has given the world an example with the Agreement of Montevideo, that becomes a blueprint for achieving the action plan of the CIPD and we should not allow retreat. This agreement puts people at the center, especially women, and includes the topic of abortion, inviting the state to consider the possibility of legalizing it, which opens the doors for all governments of the world to recognize that women have the right to choose on maternity. This agreement is much more inclusive:
 Considering that the gaps in health continue to abound in the region and the average statistics hide the high levels of maternal mortality, of sexually transmitted diseases, of infection by HIV/AIDS, and the unsatisfied demand for contraception in the population that lives in poverty and rural areas, among indigenous communities, and afro-descendants and groups in conditions of vulnerability like women, adolescents and incapacitated people, it is agreed: 
 33- To promote, protect, and guarantee the health and the sexual and reproductive rights that contribute to the complete fulfillment of people and social justice in a society free of any form of discrimination and violence.
 37- Guarantee universal access to quality sexual and reproductive health services, taking into consideration the specific needs of men and women, adolescents and young, LGBT people, older people and people with incapacity, paying particular attention to people in a condition of vulnerability and people who live in rural and remote zone, promoting citizen participation in the completing of these commitments.
 42- To guarantee, in cases in which abortion is legal or decriminalized in the national legislation, the existence of safe and quality abortion for non-desired or non-accepted pregnancies and instigate the other States to consider the possibility of modifying public laws, norms, strategies, and public policy on the voluntary interruption of pregnancy to save the life and health of pregnant adolescent women, improving their quality of life and decreasing the number of abortions (17).

The safety of mining in the United States has improved significantly over the past few decades, although it remains one of the more dangerous occupations. Following the Sago mine disaster in January 2006, federal legislation (The Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response [MINER] Act of 2006) tightened regulations and sought to strengthen the authority and safety-inspection practices of the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). While penalties and inspection frequency have increased, understanding of what types of inspection findings are most indicative of serious future incidents is limited. The most effective safety management and oversight could be accomplished by a thorough understanding of what types of infractions or safety inspection findings are most indicative of serious future personnel injuries. However, given the large number of potentially different and unique inspection findings, varied mine characteristics, and types of specific safety incidents, this question is complex in terms of the large number of potentially relevant input parameters. New regulations rely on increasing the frequency and severity of infraction penalties to encourage mining operations to improve worker safety, but without the knowledge of which specific infractions may truly be signaling a dangerous work environment. This paper seeks to inform the question: What types of inspection findings are most indicative of serious future incidents for specific types of mining operations? This analysis utilizes publicly available MSHA databases of cited infractions and reportable incidents. These inspection results are used to train machine learning Classification and Regression Tree (CART) and Random Forest (RF) models that divide the groups of mines into peer groups based on their recent infractions and other defining characteristics with the aim of predicting whether or not a fatal or serious disabling injury is more likely to occur in the following 12-month period. With these characteristics available, additional scrutiny may be appropriately directed at those mining operations at greatest risk of experiencing a worker fatality or disabling injury in the near future. Increased oversight and attention on these mines where workers are at greatest risk may more effectively reduce the likelihood of worker deaths and injuries than increased penalties and inspection frequency alone.

Background: The challenges in leadership roles hinder the rendering of quality primary healthcare service in the mines. Mining, the heart of the South African economy, requires good health to its personnel to carry out operations. However, nurse managers, the leaders in a mining primary healthcare setting experience difficulties in their leadership roles.Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore and describe the challenges in leadership roles experienced by nurse managers in a mining primary healthcare setting in South Africa.Method: The study was conducted in a mining primary healthcare setting in West Rand, Gauteng province, South Africa. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive design that is contextual in nature, using a phenomenological approach, was adopted. Data from nurse managers in the mine were collected and data saturation was reached by the seventh participant. The study followed Giorgi’s four stages of the phenomenological descriptive data analysis. An expert independent coder in qualitative research coded the data, and consensus on the findings was reached with the researcher.Results: Three subthemes emerged from the study: mining management and unions interfere with nurse managers’ leadership roles, incongruent mining primary healthcare policies and communication gap between nurse managers and mining management.Conclusion: The triangulation of nurse managers, mining management and unions requires a collective fusion to directly tackle the challenges in leadership roles in mining primary healthcare.