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Journal articles on the topic 'Benign breast dysplasia'
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1
MR, Orazov. "Opportunities for Non-Hormonal Treatment of Breast Benign Dysplasia." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 02 (2020): 690–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i2/pr200384.
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Belotserkovtseva, L. D., N. V. Klimova, L. V. Kovalenko, V. V. Danilogorskaya, and Z. O. Sarsebaeva. "Diagnosis of breast diseases under the assisted reproductive technologies programme." Voprosy ginekologii, akušerstva i perinatologii 19, no. 4 (2020): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1726-1678-2020-4-70-74.
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Objective. To study the state of the breasts in women who undergo assisted reproductive technologies treatment, using modern methods of radiation imaging. Patients and methods. Pre- and prospective examination and analysis of the data of radiation imaging of the breasts of 220 women, having tubal factor infertility in combination with benign mammary dysplasia, who have successful or unsuccessful experience of participation in assisted reproductive technology programmes. The average age of patients was 42.5 years. Assessment points were: breast tissue density according to the findings of ultrasound, mammography and tomosynthesis, presence of clustered microcalcifications, presence of benign dysplastic processes and fibroadenomas of the breasts. Results. In the group of 35–39-year old patients, the most common pathological processes were fibrocystic mastopathy and fibroadenomas. The main diagnostic methods were ultrasound visualization and US-controlled core-needle vacuum-assisted biopsy. In the group of 40–44-year old women, the predominant pathological process was microcalcification clusters alongside high mammographic density. The main diagnostic methods were digital x-ray tomosynthesis and X-ray-guided core-needle vacuum-assisted biopsy. In the group of 45–49-year old women, cases of breast cancer were diagnosed. 12 women in this group had breast implants. Conclusion. Hormonal medication used in assisted reproductive technologies under the protocols of in-vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmatic sperm injection influence the state of the breasts, increasing a risk of developing diffuse benign mammary dysplasias and, quite possible, a risk of developing breast cancer later in life. Key words: breast diseases, assisted reproductive technologies, tomosynthesis, mammotome, clustered microcalcifications
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Meskikh, Meskikh E. V., and Ashrafyan L. A. Ashrafyan. "Pathogenetic therapy of benign breast dysplasia." Akusherstvo i ginekologiia 9_2024 (September 30, 2024): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2024.238.
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Danusevich, I. N. "Regulatory functional systems in the pathogenesis of benign mammary dysplasia." Voprosy ginekologii, akušerstva i perinatologii 22, no. 4 (2023): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1726-1678-2023-4-72-79.
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This article presents an analysis of publications devoted to the role of functional systems in the development of benign breast conditions, which were selected from the scientific databases Russian State Library, elibrary, PubMed, Cochrane, Medline, Medscape. The results obtained indicate that the neuroendocrine, immune, and free radical lipid oxidation systems are involved in the development of benign breast pathology. Changes in these systems negatively affect a woman’s reproductive and breast health and increase the risk of breast cancer. Key words: hormones, benign breast pathology, immunity, free radical oxidation of lipids
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Novikova, Novikova V. A., Penzhoyan G. A. Penzhoyan, and Fedorovich O. K. Fedorovich. "Benign breast dysplasia and combined oral contraceptives." Akusherstvo i ginekologiia 4_2016 (April 29, 2016): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2016.4.145-150.
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В., Е. Радзинский, М. Ордиянц И., Н. Масленникова М., А. Павлова Е., and В. Карданова В. "Possibilities for therapy of a comorbidity of uterine myoma and benign breast dysplasias." REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY, no. 36 (September 14, 2017): 86–89. https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2017.36.86-89.
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Objective. To improve the reproductive health of women with benign breast dysplasia (BBD) and uterine myoma, by elaborating a differentiated approach to preventing and treating comorbid diseases. Subject and methods. The investigation included 175 women with concomitant genital diseases and BBD who were treated at the Gynecology Unit of the City Clinical Hospital No. 12, Moscow. The results of their examination and differentiated treatment for comorbid diseases of the uterus and breast were analyzed. Results. The altered ratio of steroid hormone levels as absolute or relative hyperestrogenemia underlies the pathogenesis of BBD in women with uterine myoma. The elaborated differentiated approach allows quality of life to be improved of 43.4% of patients with combined diseases of the mammary glands and genitals, to reduce the progression and recurrence of BBD in patients with uterine myoma from 36.7 to 15.9%. Conclusion. The findings strongly suggest that the women of this category must form a special follow-up gynecological group and their treatment must be a preventive measure against the progression and recurrence of BBD.
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Khokhlov, Igor A., Dmitriy V. Belyaev, and Leonid A. Khazov. "Radiation methods for breast diseases diagnosis." Tambov Medical Journal 6, no. 1 (2024): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2782-5019-2024-6-1-54-62.
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Abstract. Breast cancer is one of the most common and urgent healthcare issues. For primary diagnosis and clarification of the diagnosis of breast cancer specialists use most often such methods of breast examination as examination and palpation, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, radionuclide examination of the mammary glands. Radiologists and mammalogists-oncologists face an important task of early detection of various forms of breast cancer, which enables to improve significantly the disease prognosis, as this is a priority. To solve the issue the world community is developing and putting into practice new methods of mammary gland research, the X-ray method of investigation has a leading position. In addition to breast cancer, the attention of the diagnostician should also be directed to benign breast dysplasia due to its correlation with the risk of developing breast cancer. The severity of dysplasia determines the risk of developing cancer. The practical application of methods of early diagnosis of benign and malignant breast diseases, increased funding of medical institutions to raise the technical level, and retraining of personnel can significantly reduce the incidence and increase the frequency of breast cancer detection in the early stages of its development.
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Грудницкая, Е. Н. "Hormonal Contraception: The Algorithm of Choice for Benign Breast Dysplasia." Репродуктивное здоровье. Восточная Европа 13, no. 5 (2023): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2023.13.5.002.
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В статье рассматривается вопрос о применении комбинированных оральных контрацептивов (КОК) при доброкачественной дисплазии молочных желез. В последние десятилетия для предупреждения нежелательной беременности эти препараты стали наиболее доступными и популярными средствами контрацепции. С момента производства первых гормональных таблеток прошло более чем полвека, и КОК претерпели значительные изменения как химического состава, так и режима дозирования, что благоприятно отразилось на безопасности и переносимости этих лекарственных препаратов. В настоящее время накопились многочисленные знания о влиянии компонентов в составе КОК на организм женщины, что позволило применять дифференцированный подход при назначении этих лекарственных средств у пациенток, нуждающихся в контрацепции и имеющих соматические и гинекологические заболевания. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы применения КОК у женщин, имеющих заболевания молочных желез, их влияния на клинические симптомы, обусловленные патологией молочных желез, и риски развития рака молочных желез. The article discusses the use of combined oral contraceptives (COC) in benign breast dysplasia. In recent decades, to prevent unwanted pregnancy, these drugs have become the most affordable and popular means of contraception. More than half a century has passed since the production of the first hormonal pills, and the COCs have undergone significant changes in both chemical composition and dosage regimen, which has had a positive impact on the safety and tolerability of these drugs. Currently, numerous knowledge has accumulated about the effect of the components in the composition of COCs on the woman’s body, which made it possible to apply a differentiated approach when prescribing these drugs in patients who need contraception and have somatic and gynecological diseases. This article discusses the use of COCs in women with breast diseases, their impact on clinical symptoms caused by breast pathology and the risks of developing breast cancer.
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Pokul, L. V., O. S. Sacultsan, M. R. Orazov, and M. G. Lebedeva. "Benign dysplasia of remaining contralateral breast in patients with breast cancer. Expanding opportunities of phytoprophylaxis and phytotherapy." Medical alphabet 4, no. 33 (2020): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2019-4-33(408)-31-37.
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The article discusses features manifestations of benign dysplasia remaining contralateral breast in patients with triple negative and Her2/neopositive breast cancer (BC) after a comprehensive treatment based on the results of mammography and ultrasound evaluation.Materials and methods. A sample of 43 people was divided according to biological types of breast cancer into two groups: I (n = 17) and II (n = 26). All patients underwent mammography in two projections and an ultrasound with the calculation of the thickness glandular component and the echo density of the parenchyma.Results. In all patients with breast cancer, benign changes in the remaining contralateral mammary gland of varying severity were noted: prevalence of cystic‑fibrous form — subgroup I (n = 17); subgroup II (n = 14) prevalence of the fibrocystic component; subgroup III (n = 12) was evaluated as a mixed glandular‑fibrous form of benign dysplasia remaining contralateral breast. An excess of the normal thickness of the glandular component was found: subgroup I Mc = 34.3 ± 2.1 mm; subgroup II M = 24.4 ± 3.3 mm; subgroup III M = 28.2 ± 1.7 mm. The echo density of the parenchyma of the remaining mammary contralateral gland also exceeded the reference values in all patients: subgroup I M = 34.1 ± 2.5 cu, subgroup II M = 42.3 ± 2.3 cu, subgroup III M = 37.5 ± 1.7 cu. After phytoprevention and phytotherapy with the herbal homeopathic medicine Mastopol®, 1 tablet 3 times a day under the tongue for 12 weeks, there was a positive dynamics in the antiproliferative status of the respondents. In all subgroups, a decrease in the mammographic density of the mammary gland was found. The glandular component and the echo density of the mammary parenchyma decreased according to the results of ultrasound. In the subgroup, the pancreatic component reached М = 23.4 ± 2.3 mm; in subgroup II М = 17.5 ± 2.4 mm; in subgroup III М = 20.3 ± 1.7 mm. Echo density: in the subgroup I М = 27.3 ± 3.1 cu; in subgroup II М = 31.6 ± 1.9 cu; in subgroup III М 21.4 ± 2.3 cu.Conclusions. All breast cancer patients, regardless of the molecular subtype of the tumor, have benign changes in the contralateral mammary gland. The medicinal homeopathic complex can be considered a pathogenetically substantiated method for the prevention and treatment of DDM. The use of a herbal medicinal homeopathic remedy for the intended purpose (according to the instructions for the drug) of benign dysplasia remaining contralateral breast therapy for 12 weeks has a positive effect on the breast tissue, reducing mammorgafic density, reducing the glandular component of the mammary gland.
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Lukavenko, Ivan. "GENETIC DIAGNOSTIC METHODS OF PROLIFERATIVE FORMS OF BENIGN BREAST DYSPLASIA." ГРААЛЬ НАУКИ, no. 7 (September 5, 2021): 288–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/grail-of-science.27.08.2021.055.
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Manturova, N. E., R. A. Murzaeva, Z. V. Kurbanova, and N. S. Tataurshchikova. "Surgical treatment of macromastia in benign breast dysplasia and comorbidities." Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Medicine, no. 4 (2024): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/plast.hirurgia20240425.
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Sevostyanova, O. Yu, N. V. Bashmakova, T. V. Chumarnaya, T. A. Oboskalova, and N. E. Sevostyanova. "Incidence of benign breast dysplasia: before and during the pandemic." Voprosy ginekologii, akušerstva i perinatologii 23, no. 1 (2024): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1726-1678-2024-1-94-101.
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Objective. To analyze the incidence of benign breast dysplasia (BBD) in women in the Ural Federal District (UFD) for the period 2012–2022. Materials and methods. The indicators of primary and overall incidence of BBD in 2012–2022 posted on the website of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Central Research Institute of Healthcare Organization and Informatization were reviewed. Results. The primary and overall incidence of BBD in female adult population in UFD had multidirectional trends in 2012–2022. An increase in the indicators in the pre-pandemic period was noted. The primary incidence increased more dramatically in 2018–2019 (2018: pTFR = 0.011; 2019: pTFR = 0.0007). The average growth rate (AGR) of the indicator was 3.4% and corresponded to a moderate trend. The overall incidence increased in 2014–2019 compared to 2012 (2014–2019: pTFR < 0.001). AGR of the overall incidence of BBD was 5.3%. A pronounced growth rate was observed. In 2020–2022, a drastic decrease in incidence rates was registered compared to 2019 (p < 0.001). During the COVID-19 pandemic, AGR of the primary incidence of BBD was -11.50% and the overall incidence was -5.70%. Conclusion. The dynamics of the incidence of BBD in women in UFD between 2012 and 2022 can be used to analyze the epidemiological situation and plan medical care in the regions of the district. Key words: benign breast dysplasia, incidence rate, Ural Federal District
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Selikhova, M. S., and V. A. Grigoryan. "Efficacy and safety of estetrol/drospirenone combined oral contraceptive in patients with benign mammary dysplasia." Voprosy ginekologii, akušerstva i perinatologii 23, no. 5 (2024): 112–18. https://doi.org/10.20953/1726-1678-2024-5-112-118.
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Objective. To study the efficacy and safety of a combined oral contraceptive containing estetrol and drospirenone (COC (E4+DRSP)) in patients with benign mammary dysplasia (BMD). Patients and methods. The study included 98 reproductive-aged patients who used COC (E4+DRSP) in a 24/4 regimen for contraception. The study group comprised of 52 patients with a verified diagnosis of BMD, the comparison group – 46 patients without breast pathology. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of COC (E4+DRSP), general clinical and laboratory examinations, pelvic and breast ultrasound were performed during a 6-month period. Results. During the observation period, none of the patients included in the study became pregnant. While taking COC, there was a decrease or no change in body weight, relief of dysmenorrhea symptoms, and a decrease in the frequency and intensity of mastodynia in BMD. Ultrasound findings showed a decrease in the size of breast cysts. None of the women in the comparison group showed signs of BMD. Conclusion. The results of this study demonstrate a high efficacy of COC (E4+DRSP) and its beneficial effects on the breast condition. It can be recommended as the contraceptive of choice for BMD. Key words: contraception, benign mammary dysplasia, estetrol, drospirenone, efficacy, mastodynia, breast cysts, safety
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Bajin-Katic, Katica. "Comparison of glycolytic enzyme and isoenzyme activity in breast cancers and dysplasia." Medical review 65, no. 5-6 (2012): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1206200b.
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The study was aimed at assessing the total enzyme activity and the profile of breast cancer and dysplasia on the human material. In addition, the validity of data was evaluated from the aspect of improving diagnostics. Lactate dehydrogenase activity, as well as the profile of its isoenzymes, pyruvate kinase and hexokinase, were measured. The study included 60 samples of breast cancer, out of which 20 were benign breast tumours and 40 were 1st and 2nd degree dysplasia of the breast. The samples were collected from the patients operated at the Institute for Oncology of Faculty of Medicine in Sremska Kamenica. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes were separated by the vertical polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis according to the slightly modified Brewer and Ashworth?s method. The activity of all the tested enzymes was measured under the conditions of linear kinetics in the function of time and enzyme concentration. Lactate dehydrogenase-5 was found in 88% of the analyzed breast cancer samples, whereas it was not detected in breast dysplasia. Pyruvate kinase (4.-isoenzyme) was about 50 times higher and the activity of hexokinase was 3 times higher in breast cancer than in breast dysplasia. Lactate dehydrogenase-5 and pyruvate kinase (4.-isoenzyme) are particularly important and reliable markers of malignity. The results obtained for quantitative and qualitative changes in the enzyme activity can be used to improve diagnostics and early diagnostics of malignant breast neoplasm.
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Khudhair khaddim, Raheem, Waleed Faris anoon, and Ahmed Abdshnein kadhem. "The accuracy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of breast diseases." AL-QADISIYAH MEDICAL JOURNAL 15, no. 1 (2019): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.28922/qmj.2019.15.1.119-125.
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The study was intended to evaluate the role of ultrasound as diagnostic technique in the diagnosis of breast diseases, comparing it to the conventional and widely used technique i.e mammography,FNAC and histopathology.
 THE breast diseases were divided according to their clinical and ultrasound criteria into simple cyst(10), galactocele(3), fibro adenoma (64), carcinoma (36), duct ectasia (6), abscess (3), mammary dysplasia (25) , and undetermined cases (3).
 All those patients were subjected for pathological confirmation by needle aspiration cytology in (80) and/or excisional biopsy in 110 patients.Twelve patients refuse FNAC (18%). The age of the patients ranged from 15-80 years with a mean of 40 years .One hundred and fourteen(76), patients had benign lesions and 36 cases of them (24%) had malignant lesions. For cystic lesions like simple cyst, abscesses , and cystic changes of mammary dysplasia , the study shows 100% sensitivity , specificity and accuracy. For FNAC , the sensitivity , specificity, and accuracy were 91% 92% respectively. For carcinoma of the breast , thee sensitivity , specificity and accuracy were 86.7% , 91%. And 90% respectively ,which is less because of some overlap of the ultrasonic criteria of benign and malignant lesions.The sensitivity ,specificity and accuracy of ultrasound is high, especially in benign lesions . therefore ultrasound is an accurate , safe , and non-invasive technique for diagnosis of breast diseases in addition to be without danger of radiation, especially for young patients less than 35 years of age.
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Soares, Maria, Assunção N. Correia, Mariana R. Batista, Jorge Correia, and Fernando Ferreira. "fHER2, PR, ER, Ki-67 and Cytokeratin 5/6 Expression in Benign Feline Mammary Lesions." Animals 12, no. 13 (2022): 1599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12131599.
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Biomarkers are essential in the characterization of neoplastic lesions and aid not only in the classification of the nature of the lesions, but also in the understanding of their ontogeny, development and prognosis. In cats, while mammary carcinomas are increasingly being characterized, information on their benign lesions is still scarce. Indeed, a better characterization of benign lesions could have an important role in unravelling mammary oncogenesis, similar to that in human breast cancer. Thus, in this study, the expression of five markers was analyzed in 47 benign mammary lesions (hyperplasia, dysplasia and benign tumors) collected from 27 queens. Dysplastic and hyperplastic lesions were the most common (41/47, 81.7%). Most of the lesions were classified as ER positive (43/47, 91.5%), PR negative (30/47, 63.8%), fHER2 negative (29/47, 64.4%), CK 5/6 negative (36/47, 76.6%) and with a low Ki-67 index (37/47, 78.7%). Statistical analysis revealed a correlation between younger ages and ER positivity (p = 0.013) and between larger lesions and negative PR status (p = 0.038). These results reinforce the importance of evaluating the expression of the ER status, prevalent in benign lesions, as a putative precursor in cancer progression.
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Lukavenko, I. M. "PVUII POLYMORPHISM IN THE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR ΑLPHA GENE AS AN INDICATOR FOR SURGICAL TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH BENIGN MAMMARY DYSPLASIA". Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal 8, № 3 (2020): 324–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2020;8(3):324-333.
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The paper presents the results of studying the relationship between the genetic characteristics of the individual and the phenotypic manifestations of benign mammary dysplasia. Data were provided on the role of PvuII polymorphism in the development of breast tissue proliferation through the mechanisms of EsRα overexpression; this can be used as a marker for surgical treatment necessity. The objective of the work was to develop criteria for the diagnosis of proliferative benign mammary dysplasia on the basis of immunohistochemical and molecular genetic studies to substantiate the indications for surgical treatment. Materials and methods: The study involved 84 patients: 66 (78.6%) subjects from Sumy and 18 (78.6%) subjects – from the Sumy region. The mean age of the subjects was (32.3 ± 1.1) years, with the range of 16–62 years. Among the subjects, 82 (97.6%) were women with BMD and 2 (2.4%) were men who suffered from nodular gynecomastia. The burdened history of breast cancer in close relatives was reported in 33 (39.3%) individuals. Apart from a profound assessment of history data, the clinical course of the disease and comorbidities were studied. Instrumental and laboratory tests were performed. The morphological and immunohistochemical features of dissected tissues, as well as genetic differences of patients, were studied. By age, the subjects were divided into three groups: the first group (under 21 years) included 15 (17.8%) individuals, the second group (22–39 years) – 43 individuals (51.2%), the third group (over 40 years) – 26 individuals (31.0%). Results: The frequency of allelic variants of the EsRα gene PvuII polymorphism in patients with a proliferative form of benign mammary dysplasia was distributed as follows: T/T genotype - 27.4%, T/C genotype – 51.2%, C/C genotype - 21.4%. The most significant clinical predictors in patients with proliferative benign mammary dysplasia were: mastodynia (χ2 = 11.444; P = 0.003), decreased BMI of up to (21.17 ± 1.06) kg/m2 (F = 5.020; P = 0.009), prolonged menstruation of up to (5.67 ± 0.30) days (F = 3.017; P = 0.055). A group of patients whose mammary cells do not have estrogen receptors was identified. Since prescription of antiestrogens as a means of prevention in patients of this group will not be effective, such patients should be offered surgery as an option for further atypia prevention. Conclusions: Additional studies of EsRα expression and the pathological C-allele of the EsRα gene PvuII polymorphism have been found to play an important role as criteria for the diagnosis of proliferative benign mammary dysplasia that substantiate indications for surgical treatment. The specificity of the histological structure of tissue, the features of the cell receptor apparatus, and genetic predictors are important indicators for understanding the causes and mechanisms of proliferation in BMD. The calculated results indicate that BMDs begin to develop against the background of retained menstrual cycle and reproductive function, which indicates a crucial role of local estradiol receptors status in breast tissue in the development of proliferation foci in BMD. Hormone imbalance contributes to morphofunctional changeover. The results of the study will serve as the basis for identifying patients prone to the development of BMD proliferative forms and their timely surgical treatment to prevent the development of malignancy. Keywords benign mammary dysplasia, PvuІІ polymorphism in the estrogen receptor α gene, tissue proliferation.
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Ter-Minassian, Monica, Brinda Somasundaram, and Kala Visvanathan. "Abstract P2-11-12: Benign breast disease and breast malignancy." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (2022): P2–11–12—P2–11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p2-11-12.
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Abstract Introduction: Women with specific types of benign breast disease (BBD) are at higher than average risk for breast cancer. Non-proliferative BBD are at lower risk (1.3-2, compared to women without BBD), proliferative without atypia (1.8), and atypical proliferative such as atypical hyperplasia (AH) and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) are at highest risk (2.5-4). We sought to categorize BBD subtypes for inclusion in a study to evaluate follow up screening and preventative care provided in a real world setting, by leveraging electronic health record and claims databases with refined diagnosis coding. Methods: We used the Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States (KPMAS) Research Data Warehouse (RDW), capturing claims and encounter data, to search for BBD among female patients with diagnosis dates from 1-1-2004 to 1-04-2020 and with at least 30 days of membership during the study period. We first selected patients with ICD-9 codes (217, 233, 610.8, 610.9), ICD-10 (D05.00-02, D05.81-82, D05.90, D24.1-2, D24.9, N60.81-2, N60.89, N60.91-2, N60.99, N62, N64.89). Filtering on IDs that capture standard diagnosis names, we included the diagnoses: benign neoplasm, intraductal papilloma, phyllodes tumor, ductal and stromal hyperplasias, dysplasia, atypical ductal and lobular hyperplasias (ADH, ALH), LCIS, and excluded fibroadenoma, sebaceous cysts, and non-specific carcinoma in situ. We calculated the time between malignant disease (DCIS or breast cancer) and the earliest BBD diagnosis in intervals: prior malignancy 31 or more days before BBD, concurrent malignancy within 30 days prior or after, and developed malignancy 31 or more days after BBD. We calculated overall survival after BC diagnosis, censored at Jan. 4, 2020. Results: We included 8670 unique patients with increased risk BBD subtypes, aged 12-93 years (median 52) at diagnosis. Patients self-reported race/ethnicity as Black (37.5%), White (28%), Asian (6%), Hispanic (1.6%), other (0.6%) and missing/unknown (25%). BBD diagnoses were first reported usually by the department of Surgery (35%), and Pathology (20%): other reporting departments include Hospitals, Radiology, Breast Health, Primary care, Ob/Gyn, and other or missing departments. Patients had more than one diagnosis: 47% benign neoplasm, 30.4% LCIS/DCIS, 12.5% intraductal papilloma, 12.9% ADH, 4% LCIS, 1.9% ALH, and the remainder with dysplasia, and phyllodes tumor or stromal hyperplasias. The benign neoplasm diagnosis was reported in 37% without another more specific diagnosis. Sixty percent, 5205 patients had no history of DCIS or BC at the time of BBD diagnosis. There were 1895 patients with DCIS (26.8% prior, 45.1% concurrent and 28.1% developed after BBD) and 3886 with BC (42.1% prior, 41.8% concurrent and 16.1% developed after BBD). For those with a breast cancer diagnosis, five-year overall survival after BC was 93%, with 649 (16.7%) deaths, median follow-up time of 6.7 yrs. Conclusion: Identifying specific BBD from the EHR can be accomplished with ICD codes and filtering on diagnosis IDs. Those with malignant disease were often diagnosed prior to or concurrent with benign disease. Citation Format: Monica Ter-Minassian, Brinda Somasundaram, Kala Visvanathan. Benign breast disease and breast malignancy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-11-12.
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Yip, Joshua Wei Liang, Han Loh, Chuong Bui, Veronica Chi Ken Wong, and Robert Mansberg. "False-Positive 18F-FDG PET/CT Uptake in Unilateral Lactation." Case Reports in Radiology 2020 (November 27, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8850052.
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A 31-year-old woman (7 months postpartum and lactating) with multiple sclerotic bone lesions was referred for an 18F-FDG PET/CT scan for characterization. The scan demonstrated unilateral diffuse intense FDG uptake corresponding to dense soft tissue in the right breast, likely related to secretory hyperplasia. On further questioning, it was made apparent that she had only been breastfeeding from the right breast. While the left breast also demonstrated dense soft tissue to a lesser degree, no significant FDG uptake was seen. The sclerotic bone lesions were not FDG avid, likely due to a separate non-FDG avid benign condition or bony metastases from a non-FDG avid primary malignancy. This was reinforced by the fact that subsequent investigations including serial bilateral breast ultrasound and percutaneous biopsy demonstrated no definite evidence of malignancy in the bilateral breasts. The histopathology findings of an open surgical biopsy of sclerotic lesions in the left posterior ilium were also nonspecific, favouring bone dysplasia with no evidence of malignancy.
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Sukhikh, G. T., V. N. Serov, N. I. Rozhkova, et al. "Consensus statement of the Russian society of obstetricians and gynecologists and the Russian association of mammologists on the effect of combined oral contraceptives on breast tissue." Bulletin of Reproductive Health 3, no. 3 (2024): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/brh12743.
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The All-Russian Expert Concilium about the influence of combined oral contraceptives on breast tissue took place in the 18th of April 2024 in Moscow. It is necessary to study how to manage controlled risk factors of malign breast tumours. The influence of combined oral contraceptives on female breast tissue is widely discussed due to enlargement of possible estrogen components list. It is also actual to study if the combines oral contraceptives may act as potential enhancer/silencer for benign mammary dysplasia and breast cancer risk. The present article demonstrates. Consensus statement of the Russian society of obstetricians and gynecologists and the Russian association of mammologists on the effect of combined oral contraceptives on breast tissue.
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Yureneva, Yureneva S. V., Averkova V. G. Averkova, and Ashrafyan L. A. Ashrafyan. "Pathogenetic aspects and current trends in the treatment of benign breast dysplasia." Akusherstvo i ginekologiia 2_2025 (February 28, 2025): 130–35. https://doi.org/10.18565/aig.2025.21.
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Shabaev, R. M., I. V. Kolyadina, D. A. Blagovestnov, and P. M. Starokon. "Risk factors for breast cancer in patients with benign breast diseases: a 10-year observational study." Tumors of female reproductive system 20, no. 1 (2024): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1994-4098-2024-20-1-31-38.
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Aim. To assess risk factors for breast cancer in a large population of women with benign breast dysplasia (BBD) followed up for a long time.Materials and methods. This retrospective study included 504 women with BBD followed up for 10 years. Study participants were divided into two groups: 1) BBD patients who did not develop breast cancer within 10 years (n = 261); 2) BBD patients who developed breast cancer within 10 years (n = 243). We conducted comprehensive retrospective analysis of demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics, as well as treatment details for BBD. Patient age varied between 39 and 49 years. The ten-year follow-up interval was chosen to perform adequate comparison of the groups. The differences were considered significant at p <0.05.Results. The main difference between the two groups was related to conservative treatment for BBD and its duration. Almost all (93.4 %) patients in the group without breast cancer received some conservative treatment for BBD for 78.0 ± 1.7 months, whereas among those who developed breast cancer, only 37.4 % received conservative therapy for 15.0 ± 0.8 months (p <0.001). Other significant risk factors for breast cancer in group 2 included obesity, gynecological pathology, long-term stress, and no surgical treatment for benign breast changes (p <0.001). The analysis of laboratory parameters demonstrated significantly higher levels of prolactin in patients who developed breast cancer (31 % versus 13 %; p <0.001).Conclusion. Potential risk factors for breast cancer in BBD patients include overweight, benign gynecological diseases, elevated prolactin, and long-term stress. Timely diagnosis and treatment of BBD and elimination of the abovementioned factors can significantly reduce the probability of breast cancer.
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Junkermann, H., K. Klinga, E. Weber, and D. von Fournier. "Endocrinology of Benign Breast Disease in Relation to the Severity of Radiological Dysplasia." Hormone Research 32, no. 1 (1989): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000181301.
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LEVCHUK, A. L., P. M. STAROKON, S. A. KHODYREV, R. M. SHABAEV, and A. N. SHIHMETOV. "MINIMALLY INVASIVE METHODS OF TREATMENT OF BENIGN BREAST DYSPLASIA IN A MULTIDISCIPLINARY HOSPITAL." Bulletin of Pirogov National Medical & Surgical Center 17, no. 3 (2022): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25881/20728255_2022_17_3_46.
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Vdovichenko, Yu P., and S. E. Gladenko. "Disturbances menstrual function at women with diffuse dysplasia of mammary glands." HEALTH OF WOMAN, no. 3(139) (April 30, 2019): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2019.139.81.
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Diffuse benign dysplasia of the mammary glands is one of the frequent pathologies that practitioners almost daily encounter. Studying the mechanisms of development of pathological gynecological conditions, the researchers concluded that there is a pathogenetic connection between cyclic changes in the reproductive system and the physiological processes occurring in the mammary glands. This makes it possible to assume a high probability of occurrence of pathological changes in the mammary glands in various gynecological diseases, developing as a result of disorders of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system. The general inhibition and unity of the reaction of the reproductive organs to hormonal imbalance is the main prerequisite for the development of benign hyperplastic and the risk of malignant processes. The relevance of studying the reproductive health of patients with dyshormonal non-inflammatory pathology of the genital organs is due to the steady increase in the proportion of this pathology in recent years in the structure of gynecological morbidity, the rejuvenation of the patient population, and the lack of a single algorithm for rehabilitation measures. On the one hand, effective treatment reduces symptoms, guarantees quality of life, on the other hand, mastopathy is a risk factor for the development of a malignant tumor in the future. Therefore, timely correction of dysplasia can be considered as a variant of primary prevention of breast cancer. The choice of an adequate tactic to manage such patients from the existing variety of dosage forms is the key to the success of treatment. Key words: mammary glands, uterine myoma, dyshormonal breast diseases, mastopathy, diffuse dysplasia, fibro-cystic disease, progestogens, phytotherapy, transdermal progestogens.
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Elmohandes, Abeer. "Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mammary Dysplasia (Fibrocystic Breast Disease): A Case Report." Global Journal of Health Science 13, no. 2 (2021): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v13n2p118.
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Breast cancer (BC) is one among the most common and fatal malignancies affecting women of all ages, though prognosis are good if caught early. Fibrocystic breast disease, which is interchangeably mentioned as fibrocystic breast, is nothing but a benign (noncancerous) condition which gives a lumpy feeling to women. It is not a rapidly progressing disease or dangerous, but is a constant source of problem to some women.
 
 In this case report, we present a female suffering from mammary dysplasia (MD). She was initially treated with conventional medicine but received no benefit, so shifted to Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Here, acupuncture, herbal remedies, and specific instructions for a dietary regimen and bra usage were given. We found that by utilizing this holistic approach to treat the root cause, rather than the symptoms, breast pain was eliminated, cystic lumps and related densities were diminished, and cancer progression was thwarted by pursuing healthy lifestyle modification and paying more attention to diet and exercise. Ultimately, this resulted in a better quality of life and suggests that TCM can be employed successfully to treat MD when conventional medicine has failed.
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Titus, Linda, Elizabeth E. Hatch, Kimberly A. Bertrand, et al. "Benign and Malignant Outcomes in the Offspring of Females Exposed In Utero to Diethylstilbestrol (DES): An Update from the NCI Third Generation Study." Cancers 16, no. 14 (2024): 2575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers16142575.
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Background: Females exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol (DES) have an elevated risk of cervical dysplasia, breast cancer, and clear cell adenocarcinoma (CCA) of the cervix/vagina. Testicular cancer risk is increased in prenatally exposed males. Epigenetic changes may mediate the transmission of DES effects to the next (“third”) generation of offspring. Methods: Using data self-reported by third-generation females, we assessed DES in relation to the risk of cancer and benign breast and reproductive tract conditions. Using data from prenatally DES-exposed and unexposed mothers, we assessed DES in relation to cancer risk in their female and male offspring. Cancer risk was assessed by standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI); the risks of benign and malignant diagnoses were assessed by hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI. Results: In self-reported data, DES exposure was not associated with an increased risk of overall cancer (HR 0.83; CI 0.36–1.90), breast cancer, or severe cervical dysplasia. No females reported CCA. The risk of borderline ovarian cancer appeared elevated, but the HR was imprecise (3.46; CI 0.37–32.42). Based on mothers’ reports, DES exposure did not increase the risk of overall cancer (HR 0.80; CI 0.49–1.32) or of other cancers in third-generation females. Overall cancer risk in exposed males appeared elevated (HR 1.41; CI 0.70–2.86), but the CI was wide. The risk of testicular cancer was not elevated in exposed males; no cases of prostate cancer were reported. Conclusions: To date, there is little evidence that DES is associated with cancer risk in third-generation females or males, but these individuals are relatively young, and further follow-up is needed.
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В. Е. Радзинский, И. М. Ордиянц, М. Н. Масленникова, Е. А. Павлова, and В. В. Карданова. "Possibilities for therapy of a comorbidity of uterine myoma and benign breast dysplasias." REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY, no. 36 (September 14, 2017): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2017.36.86-89.
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Objective. To improve the reproductive health of women with benign breast dysplasia (BBD) and uterine myoma, by elaborating a differentiated approach to preventing and treating comorbid diseases.Subject and methods. The investigation included 175 women with concomitant genital diseases and BBD who were treated at the Gynecology Unit of the City Clinical Hospital No. 12, Moscow. The results of their examination and differentiated treatment for comorbid diseases of the uterus and breast were analyzed.Results. The altered ratio of steroid hormone levels as absolute or relative hyperestrogenemia underlies the pathogenesis of BBD in women with uterine myoma. The elaborated differentiated approach allows quality of life to be improved of 43.4% of patients with combined diseases of the mammary glands and genitals, to reduce the progression and recurrence of BBD in patients with uterine myoma from 36.7 to 15.9%.Conclusion. The findings strongly suggest that the women of this category must form a special follow-up gynecological group and their treatment must be a preventive measure against the progression and recurrence of BBD.
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Dobrosavljevic, Aleksandar, Snezana Rakic, Branka Nikolic, et al. "Diagnostic value of breast ultrasound in mammography BI-RADS 0 and clinically indeterminate or suspicious of malignancy breast lesions." Vojnosanitetski pregled 73, no. 3 (2016): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp140508001d.
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Background/Aim. Not only that ultrasound makes the difference between cystic and solid changes in breast tissue, as it was the case at the beginning of its use, but it also makes the differential diagnosis in terms of benign-malignant. The aim of this study was to assess the role of sonography in the diagnosis of palpable breast masses according to the American College of Radiology Ultrasonographic Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) and to correlate the BI-RADS 4 and BI-RADS 5 category with pathohistological findings. Methods. A retrospective study was conducted with the breast sonograms of 30 women presented with palpable breast masses found to be mammography category BI-RADS 0 and ultrasonographic BI-RADS categories 4 and 5. The sonographic categories were correlated with pathohistological findings. Results. Surgical biopsy in 30 masses revealed: malignancy (56.7%), fibroadenoma (26.7%), fibrocystic dysplasia with/without atypia (10%), lipoma (3.3%) and intramammary lymph node (3.3%). Correlation between BI-RADS categories and pathohistological findings was found (p < 0.05). All BI-RADS 5 masses were malignant, while in BI-RADS 4A category fibroadenomas dominated. A total of 53.8% of all benign lesions were found in women 49 years of age or younger as compared with 35.3% of all malignancies in this group (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Ultrasonography BI-RADS improved classification of breast masses. The ultrasound BI-RADS 4 (A, B, C) and BI-RADS 5 lesions should be worked-up with biopsy.
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Orazov, Mekan R., Viktor E. Radzinskiy, and Evgeny D. Dolgov. "Prospects for hormonal contraception in patients with breast diseases: the Mona Lisa smile effect. A review." Gynecology 25, no. 3 (2023): 290–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/20795696.2023.3.202360.
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Breast diseases (BD) are among the most urgent issues of modern reproductive medicine. This organ is an integral part of the female reproductive system and undergoes cyclic changes during the menstrual cycle. The modern "nosological trio" of BD is mastodynia, benign dysplasia, and breast cancer. These diseases have an extremely high prevalence, and breast cancer, in turn, ranks 1st in the structure of mortality from malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system. All these aspects warrant the research of the key pathogenetic mechanisms of these conditions. However, one of the most relevant topics in modern gynecology is the counseling on the selection of contraceptive methods in these patients. Therefore, it is necessary to address the safety of hormonal contraceptive methods and to analyze innovations in hormonal contraceptives, which may have several protective and risk-reducing properties for BD.
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Lukavenko, Ivan M., Vladimir V. Andrjushenko, Victoriia Yu Garbuzova та Alexander V. Yazykov. "Association PvuII Estradiol Receptor Alpha (EsRα) Gene Polymorphism With Expressionоn EsRα in Benign Breast Dysplasia". European Journal of Medicine. Series B 1, № 1 (2014): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.13187/ejm.s.b.2014.1.20.
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Manturova, N. E., and R. A. Murzaeva. "Incidence of atypical breast lesions in reduction mammoplasty for macromastia associated with benign mammary dysplasia." Plasticheskaya khirurgiya i esteticheskaya meditsina, no. 4 (2023): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/plast.hirurgia202304255.
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Adamyan, L. V., V. V. Rodionov, E. L. Sheshko, and N. V. Dolgushina. "Benign breast dysplasia from the perspective of BI-RADS: a modern view of the problem." Problemy reproduktsii 29, no. 5 (2023): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/repro202329051119.
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Meskikh, Meskikh E. V., and Ashrafyan L. A. Ashrafyan. "Assessing the effectiveness of instrumental diagnostics and pathogenetic therapy in patients with benign breast dysplasia." Akusherstvo i ginekologiia 4_2025 (April 30, 2025): 146–56. https://doi.org/10.18565/aig.2025.103.
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Labazanova, P. G., M. V. Budanova, I. I. Burdina, et al. "Mammographic density as marker of increased risk of breast cancer." Medical alphabet, no. 19 (August 18, 2021): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2021-19-41-48.
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‘Mammographic density’ (MD) is a concept that has entered medical practice since 2017. as a marker of breast cancer risk factor (BC) according to the international classifiation of NCCN. The term reflcts the degree of severity of benign diffuse breast dysplasia in women of post-reproductive age. MD is determined by the ratio of stromal, epithelial, and adipose tissue. According to the literature, in young women, high MD limits the possibilities of X-ray mammography, reducing its effectiveness in oncomammoscreening, leading to the detection of advanced forms of breast cancer. Post-reproductive women with high MD are more likely to develop breast cancer than those with low MD. In this regard, MD is of particular interest for studying its role in oncogenesis. Recent molecular genetic studies of the differences between high and low MD explain the main biological reasons why post-reproductive women with dense breast structure are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer. The aim is to identify the factors that inflence the relationship of MD with the risk of developing breast cancer based on a comparative analysis of molecular genetic studies and radiological manifestations of MD of different severity and to identify the factors that contribute to the formation of MD variants.
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Gladenko, Svitlana. "Current state of problem of disturbances of menstrual function at women with diffuse dysplasia of mammary glands." Perinatology and reproductology: from research to practice 1, no. 3 (2021): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.52705/2788-6190-2021-3-8.
Full textAbstract:
Diffuse benign dysplasia of the mammary glands is one of the frequent pathologies that practitioners almost daily encounter. Studying the mechanisms of development of pathological gynecological conditions, the researchers concluded that there is a pathogenetic connection between cyclic changes in the reproductive system and the physiological processes occurring in the mammary glands. This makes it possible to assume a high probability of occurrence of pathological changes in the mammary glands in various gynecological diseases, developing as a result of disorders of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system. The general inhibition and unity of the reaction of the reproductive organs to hormonal imbalance is the main prerequisite for the development of benign hyperplastic and the risk of malignant processes. The relevance of studying the reproductive health of patients with dyshormonal non-inflammatory pathology of the genital organs is due to the steady increase in the proportion of this pathology in recent years in the structure of gynecological morbidity, the rejuvenation of the patient population, and the lack of a single algorithm for rehabilitation measures. On the one hand, effective treatment reduces symptoms, guarantees quality of life, on the other hand, mastopathy is a risk factor for the development of a malignant tumor in the future. Therefore, timely correction of dysplasia can be considered as a variant of primary prevention of breast cancer. The choice of an adequate tactic to manage such patients from the existing variety of dosage forms is the key to the success of treatment.
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Mood, N. IZADI, Z. Eftekhar, A. Haratian, L. Saeedi, P. Rahimi-Moghaddam, and F. Yarandi. "A cytohistologic study of atypical glandular cells detected in cervical smears during cervical screening tests in Iran." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 16, no. 1 (2006): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200601000-00040.
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Atypical glandular cells (AGC) often cause diagnostic uncertainty in cervicovaginal smears. To determine the incidence of significant pathologies associated with AGC on Papanicolaou test, AGC smears were correlated with subsequent biopsy diagnoses. A retrospective review of archives of our cytology files for cervicovaginal smears diagnosed as AGC from April 1998 to March 2001 was performed. In 9390 cervicovaginal smears, AGC were reported in 76 (0.81%) cases, with histologic follow-up in 42 patients (55.3%). Twenty-two patients (52.4%) had preneoplastic or neoplastic, squamous, or glandular lesions on histologic examination. Among them were cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, basal cell abnormality of undetermined significance, cervical adenocarcinoma, endometrial hyperplasia or adenocarcinoma, vaginal adenocarcinoma, endocervical glandular dysplasia, metastatic breast carcinoma, and simple nonvillous trophoblastic tissue. Therefore, presence of AGC in cervical smears may exhibit a spectrum of findings, ranging from benign/reactive changes to squamous or glandular premalignancy or malignancy. A majority of these lesions are squamous dysplasia, and a significant number of patients had glandular malignancy. The results of the current study underline the importance of follow-up for patients with the diagnosis of AGC. To our knowledge, this is the first report in Iran showing the significance of AGC diagnosis.
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Lunko, T. A., O. O. Lytvynenko, A. S. Lunko, S. V. Konovalenko, and A. V. Khmel. "Breast cancer is a threatening scenario resulting from the development of endometriosis and benign breast disease overlap syndrome: literature review." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine) 21, no. 2 (2025): 206–14. https://doi.org/10.22141/2224-0721.21.2.2025.1520.
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Background. According to the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine, mortality from breast cancer (BC) continues to be at the first places in the structure of oncological pathology among the female population. The overlap syndrome of genital endometriosis (GE) and benign breast disease (BBD) can play a significant role in the development of BC. The purpose: using data from modern literature sources, to consider the overlap syndrome of GE and BBD as a precancerous pattern in the development of BC and outline possible steps to solve the problem. Materials and methods. The search and selection of publications was carried out in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the following terms: genital endometriosis, benign breast disease, mastopathy, fibrocystic dysplasia, mastalgia, breast cancer, hormone therapy. Results. A convincing link between endometriosis and fibrocystic disease has been established in fertile women: the prevalence of BBD in patients with endometriosis is 36–38 %. Pilot clinical studies have confirmed that in women with endometriosis who received dienogest at a dose of 20 mg/day orally for 24 weeks, a significant decrease in breast size (p < 0.023) and regression of mastopathic changes were observed when assessing the effect of progestogen on the breast using ultrasound. A slight decrease (p = 0.089) in the maximum diameter of the ducts was observed. At the stages of development of the overlap syndrome of GE and BBD with a confirmed increased risk of BC, a complex pathogenetic matrix is formed, the processes in which are often not linear, but can occur in parallel, demonstrating the diversity and unpredictability of biological events. The high percentage of overlap syndrome of GE and BBD confirms the idea of the unity of the origin of pathological changes in target organs and the synchronous development of benign hyperplastic processes in them. Conclusions. It is advisable to consider hyperplastic diseases as a generalized process in the reproductive system, and to develop single therapeutic tactics when gynecological pathology is combined with breast diseases. The overlap syndrome of GE and BBD, which is a proven factor of increased risk of breast cancer, requires responsible and coordinated teamwork of endocrinologists, mammologists and obstetricians-gynecologists, which is designed to create necessary conditions for a significant improvement in the effectiveness of therapy. The development in the near future of an algorithm for clinical monitoring of patients with overlap syndrome of GE and BBD will be a logical and justified step, because early diagnosis of BC provides better treatment results and an increase in the quality of life of patients.
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Djordjevic, Momcilo, Bozidar Jovanovic, Slobodanka Mitrovic, and Gordana Djordjevic. "Ectopic mammary tissue in vulva." Vojnosanitetski pregled 65, no. 5 (2008): 407–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0805407d.
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Background. Ectopic mammary gland tissue is a residual tissue that persists during the embryologic development along ectodermal primitive milk streaks. Incomplete involution anywhere along the primitive milk streak can result in accessory or ectopic mammary tissue. Case report. A woman, 27-year old, admitted to Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic Kragujevac for surgery, of goose-egg size, vulva tumor, of elastic consistency. Menarche started in 12 years of age, with the regular menstrual cycle, without previous gynecological diseases. The woman had one pregnancy terminated by cesarean section because of the multiple (twin) pregnancy. Excision of the tumor was completely done in the total endotracheal anesthesia. Pathohistologic (PH) findings was: Dysplasia fibrosa cystica simplex mammae, with focuses of sclerosing adenosis. Expression of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) were positive. Conclusion. Ectopic mammary tissue in vulva in adult period is very rarely seen, and can be changed pathologically as well as normally positioned breast tissue into benign cystic changes, benign tumors, adenomas and fibroadenomas and tumors. Cells with low ER/PR receptor level grow independently of estrogene stimulation and they could be resistant to hormonal therapy effects.
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Danfulani, Mohammed, Ahmed Sule Sa'idu, Mohammed Sadisu Ma'aji, and Muhammad Awwal Musa. "Pattern of mammographic findings in Sokoto, Nigeria." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 4 (2014): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i4.9864.
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Background: Radiological examination of the breast is established as an essential part of the modern multidisplinary approach to effective investigation and management of breast diseases. The standard techniques used for breast imaging are screen film X-ray mammography and real time ultrasound. The aim of this study is to document mammographic findings in females seeking medical attention at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto, Nigeria. Methods: The study was a descriptive retrospective analysis of the mammographic breast examinations (both screening and diagnostic) seen over a period of one year (February 2012 - January 2013). A total 125 patients were recruited in this study. Relevant parameters extracted from the records included patients age, presenting complain, referring clinic/unit, indications and the reporting radiologist findings (diagnosis). All the data collected were analyzed using a Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 windows. Results: The age range of the study participants was 18 to 71 years with a mean and standard deviation value of 41.87±10.15. Majority of our patients (44%) were referred from GOPD (General Out Patient Department); followed by SOPD (Surgical Out Patient Department) with 41 patients (32.8%). Other referring clinics included Accident and Emergency (A and E) (3.2%), Staff Clinic (1.6%), Medical outpatient Department (MOPD) 4.0%, Clinic 1 less than 1%. Gynea Clinic (3.2%) and Radiotherapy Unit (1.6%). The commonest indications for these examinations in our patients include Breast Pain (unilateral or bilateral); Breast Lump (unilateral or bilateral), bloody nipple discharge, ?Breast Cancer (left or right), Fibrocystic dysplasia, mastitis among others. The predominant diagnosis observed in our results was BIRADS 1 (normal examination) which constituted 73 (58.4) patients. Conclusion: Most of our patients for diagnostic mammography were found to have Benign breast diseases than breast cancers; suggesting that there is a high diagnostic yield of mammography in the evaluation and management of breast diseases in this environment. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i4.9864 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2014 Vol.5(4); 79-83
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Chagay, Natalia B., and Ashot M. Mkrtumyan. "Methylation of estrogens, obesity and breast cancer." Problems of Endocrinology 64, no. 4 (2018): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl9550.
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Methylation of catechol estrogens is catalyzed by catechol-O-methyltransferase. Synthesis and activity of this enzyme is encoded by the COMT gene. Downregulation of COMT expression is responsible for the risk of developing estrogen-dependent tumors. Obesity is a factor determining the overall methylation status in the body.
 There are two main types of adipose tissue differing in their functional and metabolic characteristics, as well as the microscopic structure: white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). Lipolysis of WAT is controlled by hormone-sensitive lipase, which depends is catecholamine dependent. BAT is a special type of adipose tissue whose main function is to produce heat. Activation of β3-adrenergic receptors by catecholamines, both at the central and peripheral levels, is the primary mechanism regulating thermogenesis in mature BAT.
 Obese patients develop adipose tissue hypoxia, as well as WAT and BAT dysfunction. Adrenergic stimulation of thermogenesis is unclaimed because of «whitening» of brown adipocytes, which manifests itself as degradation of mitochondria. Redirection of stimulation of hormone-sensitive lipase by catecholamines to WAT and the increased need to enhance COMT expression are the potential consequences of modifying the BAT metabolism.
 Estrogens are natural modulators of lipolysis (as they selectively affect activity of hormone-sensitive lipase) and regulators of BAT thermogenesis. Obesity is accompanied by elevated synthesis of estrone. However, in postmenopausal women it is characterized by a decrease in the total mass and activity of BAT. The role of BAT in the progression or inhibition of growth of the estrogen-dependent tumor tissue at premenopausal and postmenopausal age has not been studied yet and is of interest to researchers. The possible correlation between the activity of brown adipocytes and the COMT expression level is discussed in the context of the risk of developing benign breast dysplasia and cancer.
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Pyrohova, V. I., S. O. Shurpyak, and Yu S. Prokopchuk. "Phytotherapy in the management of women of reproductive age with dyshormonal gynecological pathology and mastalgia." Reproductive health of woman, no. 2 (March 29, 2024): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30841/2708-8731.2.2024.304659.
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Almost 70% of women suffer from breast pain during their life. Mastalgia reduces the quality of life of women, increases their fear of breast cancer and causes deterioration of the psycho-emotional state of women. Different forms of mastalgia require different medical tactics. To date, there are no generally accepted schemes for the treatment of cyclic mastalgia both in benign dysplasia of the mammary glands and in combined dyshormonal gynecological diseases.The objective: to study the effect of combined herbal remedies on the severity of cyclic mastalgia (primary outcome), menstrual function and side effects (secondary outcomes) in women of reproductive age with dyshormonal combined gynecological pathology.Materials and methods. 72 women from 25 to 39 years old with mastalgia participated in the study, they were divided into groups depending on the prescribed therapy and combined dyshormonal pathology (benign mammary dysplasia (BMD), genital endometriosis). The examination included an anthropometric study, ultrasonographic examination of the pelvic organs, mammary glands, determination of the levels of LH, FSH, TSH, prolactin and ovarian steroid hormones.Results. In 95.8% of the women of the studied cohort, the prolactin level ranged from 28.3 ng/ml to 37.6 ng/ml (on average – 33.7±5.4 ng/ml). Hormonal imbalance in patients with both combined dyshormonal pathology and monotopic cyclic mastalgia was characterized by the absence of pronounced hyperestrogenia in the I phase of the menstrual cycle (MC), relative hyperestrogenia in the II phase of the MC with an increase in the E2/P ratio from 5.1±0.2 to 13.4±0.3 compared to healthy women. 26.4% of patients came to the examination when the pain according to VAS was an average of 6.2±1.5 points, 73.6% of women suffered from mastalgia from 1 to 5 years and sought medical help due to the intensity of the pain syndrome according to VAS 9.2±0.7 points.Conclusions. The results of research proved the effectiveness and safety of the use of combined herbal preparations for the treatment of mastalgia. The use of the first combined herbal preparation was effective in 95% in eliminating and reducing the severity of cyclic mastalgia (primary result), the second herbal preparation – in 100% of cases in women of reproductive age with dyshormonal pathology of reproductive organs and BMD.The high efficiency of the use of the second phytocomplex for the treatment of mastalgia in patients with BMD and genital endometriosis without the additional use of hormonal drugs can be explained by the effect of the drug on the normalization of the prolactin level and the E2/P ratio.
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V.I., Pyrohova, Shurpyak S.O., and Prokopchuk Yu.S. "Phytotherapy in the management of women of reproductive age with dyshormonal gynecological pathology and mastalgia." Reproductive Health of Woman, no. 2 (March 29, 2024): 66–74. https://doi.org/10.30841/2708-8731.2.2024.304659.
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Almost 70% of women suffer from breast pain during their life. Mastalgia reduces the quality of life of women, increases their fear of breast cancer and causes deterioration of the psycho-emotional state of women. Different forms of mastalgia require different medical tactics. To date, there are no generally accepted schemes for the treatment of cyclic mastalgia both in benign dysplasia of the mammary glands and in combined dyshormonal gynecological diseases.The objective: to study the effect of combined herbal remedies on the severity of cyclic mastalgia (primary outcome), menstrual function and side effects (secondary outcomes) in women of reproductive age with dyshormonal combined gynecological pathology.Materials and methods. 72 women from 25 to 39 years old with mastalgia participated in the study, they were divided into groups depending on the prescribed therapy and combined dyshormonal pathology (benign mammary dysplasia (BMD), genital endometriosis). The examination included an anthropometric study, ultrasonographic examination of the pelvic organs, mammary glands, determination of the levels of LH, FSH, TSH, prolactin and ovarian steroid hormones.Results. In 95.8% of the women of the studied cohort, the prolactin level ranged from 28.3 ng/ml to 37.6 ng/ml (on average – 33.7±5.4 ng/ml). Hormonal imbalance in patients with both combined dyshormonal pathology and monotopic cyclic mastalgia was characterized by the absence of pronounced hyperestrogenia in the I phase of the menstrual cycle (MC), relative hyperestrogenia in the II phase of the MC with an increase in the E2/P ratio from 5.1±0.2 to 13.4±0.3 compared to healthy women. 26.4% of patients came to the examination when the pain according to VAS was an average of 6.2±1.5 points, 73.6% of women suffered from mastalgia from 1 to 5 years and sought medical help due to the intensity of the pain syndrome according to VAS 9.2±0.7 points.Conclusions. The results of research proved the effectiveness and safety of the use of combined herbal preparations for the treatment of mastalgia. The use of the first combined herbal preparation was effective in 95% in eliminating and reducing the severity of cyclic mastalgia (primary result), the second herbal preparation – in 100% of cases in women of reproductive age with dyshormonal pathology of reproductive organs and BMD.The high efficiency of the use of the second phytocomplex for the treatment of mastalgia in patients with BMD and genital endometriosis without the additional use of hormonal drugs can be explained by the effect of the drug on the normalization of the prolactin level and the E2/P ratio.
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Krikunova, Liudmila I., Liana S. Mkrtchian, Irina A. Zamulaeva, et al. "Correction of oxidative stress with glutathione-based agents in women with hyperproliferative diseases living in radiation-contaminated areas: A prospective study." Gynecology 27, no. 2 (2025): 121–28. https://doi.org/10.26442/20795696.2025.2.203292.
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Background. Women living in the territories of the Russian Federation contaminated with radionuclides as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant are exposed to a complex of environmental, psychological, and socio-economic factors. The high prevalence of hyperproliferative diseases (HPD) reported in this population may be due to, among other things, the oxidative stress, which initiates carcinogenesis. In these settings, the search for drugs that adjust the antioxidant system can be not only an effective strategy for non-hormonal accompanying therapy, but also the key to the pathogenetic prevention of malignant neoplasms. Aim. To study the effectiveness of liposomal glutathione in the correction of oxidative stress in women living in radiation-contaminated areas and the possibility of its use in the supportive therapy of HPD of the reproductive system and thyroid gland. Materials and methods. The study included 25 women living in radionuclide-contaminated areas of the Russian Federation with HPD of the reproductive system and thyroid gland: benign mammary dysplasia, adenomyosis, uterine fibroids, chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, etc. All patients received supportive therapy with liposomal glutathione (Smartlife LLC) at 150 mg daily for 60 days. During the therapy, the clinical and radiological change of the pathological process, as well as indicators of the oxidative system of the body – malonic dialdehyde and general antioxidative activity – were studied. Results. It was shown that during the therapy with the drug, in the blood plasma, there was a decrease in elevated concentrations of the oxidative stress marker, malonic dialdehyde (p=0.000036), and an increase in total antioxidant activity (p=0.022), which was associated with a decrease in the number of cases of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (p=0.021), diffuse benign mammary dysplasia (p0.001), as well as partial regression of internal endometriosis (p0.001). Conclusion. The use of liposomal glutathione in women with combined thyroid and breast diseases, with and without estrogen-dependent gynecological diseases, contributed to a decrease in the level of inflammation, which led to a favorable treatment outcome. The data obtained show the prospects of further research to assess the effectiveness of such universal antioxidants in cases of oxidative stress: involutive changes, obesity, adverse environmental conditions, chronic anovulatory conditions, persistent infection of the human papillomavirus, chronic stress, etc.
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Lukavenko, I. M., A. V. Kolnoguz, M. O. Kyrychenko, O. V. Ataman, and V. Yu Harbuzova. "ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE RS801460-POLYMORPHISM IN THE SRA1 GENE AND THYROID NODULES AMONG UKRAINIAN WOMEN WITH PROLIFERATIVE TYPE OF BENIGN BREAST DYSPLASIA WITHOUT ATYPIA." Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal 8, no. 4 (2020): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2020;8(4):377-382.
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As it was revealed, the greater part of the human genome is represented by non-coding sequences. They also include long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). SRA1 is one of its representatives. This lncRNA affects steroid hormones receptors by activating their transcriptional activity. Thereby, SRA1 can be involved in pathogenesis of steroid-responsive tissues tumors.
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Harbuzova, Viktoriia, Mykola Kyrychenko, Ivan Lukavenko, and Olha Obukhova. "ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RS731236 POLYMORPHISM OF THE VITAMIN D RECEPTOR (VDR) GENE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROLIFERATIVE BENIGN DYSPLASIA OF THE MAMMARY GLAND IN WOMEN FROM THE SUMY REGION, UKRAINE." Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal 12, no. 4 (2024): 1018–28. https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2024;12(4):1018-1028.
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Introduction. Benign proliferative breast dysplasia (BPBD) is a common women's health issue, the frequency of which can reach up to 95% among women of reproductive age. BPBD can be complicated by the development of breast cancer (BC), the risk of which with atypical proliferation can increase by 4.24 times. One of the modern directions of BPBD diagnostics is the search for genetic markers of the disease. The promising direction is represented by polymorphic variants of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene – a nuclear receptor that regulates the expression of genes involved in the processes of cell differentiation and proliferation and apoptosis and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of precancerous and tumor diseases. To date, more than 25 thousand VDR gene polymorphisms have been studied, some of which, in particular rs731236, are associated with the development of benign and malignant tumor diseases. Objective. The aim of the study was to study the distribution of rs731236 polymorphic variants of the VDR gene in patients with BPBD from the Sumy region of Ukraine. Materials and Methods. The study used venous blood from 326 women living in the Sumy region of Ukraine (221 patients with BPBD and 105 people without this pathology). Genotyping of patients and control group subjects for the rs731236 polymorphism of the VDR gene was performed using polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Statistical analysis of the results was performed using SPSS software (version 25.0). Results. The distribution of genotypes according to the rs731236 polymorphism of the VDR gene in the group of patients with BPBD was as follows: T/T – 71 (31.2%), T/t – 113 (51.1%), t/t – 37 (16.8%); in the control group, these were 44 (41.9%), 52 (49.5%), and 9 (8.6%), respectively. Statistically significant differences in allele frequencies for the comparison groups were found (P = 0.028; χ2 =4.801): the frequency of the minor allele in the main group equaled 42.3%, and in the control group – 33.3%. The logistic regression method showed that recessive t/t homozygotes had a higher risk of developing BPBD compared to dominant T/T homozygotes according to the additive model (P = 0.025). The association remained statistically significant after adjusting for age and BMI (P = 0.031). Conclusions. In the Sumy region of Ukraine, the minor t‑allele for the rs731236 polymorphism of the VDR gene was significantly more common in women with BPBD than in women without BPBD (P = 0.028), and the t/t genotype was a risk factor for the development of BPBD: recessive homozygotes (t/t) had a higher risk of developing BPBD compared to dominant homozygotes T/T (P = 0.025). Patients under 40 years of age with the t/t genotype had a higher risk of developing BPBD compared to women with the T/T genotype (P = 0.025). Individuals with normal BMI and the minor allele t in their genotype had a higher risk of developing BPBD (P = 0.042 for dominant, P = 0.028 for recessive, P = 0.007 for additive inheritance models).
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Sahin, Nihal, Ugur Demirsoy, and Funda Corapcioglu. "The Association of Malignancies with The Clinical Profile of Children with Neurofibromatosis Type 1." Journal of Pediatric Academy 3, no. 2 (2022): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.51271/jpea-2022-170.
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Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is a significant autosomal dominant disorder with a wide spectrum of clinical findings. These signs (Café au lait spots, bone dysplasia, Lisch nodules) usually start to emerge after the first months of life and most are benign in nature. On the other hand, neoplasms (optic glioma, neurofibroma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, soft tissue sarcoma, leukemia, breast cancer) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in NF-1 patients. Cancer risk during the lifetime of an NF-1 patient is almost 10 times more than a person without NF-1, but what drives these patients into cancer is still unknown.
 This study aims to analyze the possible association of clinical findings with malignancies in children with NF-1.
 Medical records of 55 children with NF-1 who were followed up in a tertiary care pediatric oncology clinic between January 2005 and December 2014 were analyzed. We assessed clinical and demographic characteristics of patients, as well as the NF-1 diagnostic criteria, NF-1 related complications, and malignancies. The NF-1 patients without malignancy were classified in Group 1 while patients with malignancy were in Group 2. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of malignancy in NF-1.
 The mean age was 7.68 ± 4.65 years. Female sex was dominant in both groups. Café au lait spots were present in all patients. Axillary-inguinal freckling was observed in 76.4% of patients, followed by neurofibromas in 30.9%, Lisch nodules in 29.1%, bone dysplasia in 14.5%, optic gliomas in 23.6%, and a history of first degree relative with NF-1 in 63.6%. Central nervous system (CNS) tumors were present in 40%. Tumors other than CNS tumors were acute myeloid leukemia and schwannoma. None of the diagnostic criteria was a risk factor for predisposing to malignancy by itself. Having >3 criteria was found to be the risk factor for malignancy in NF-1 (OR:5.891, CI 95%: 1.676-20.705, p=0.006).
 There are no clearly defined risk factors predicting occurance of malignancies in NF-1 at present. However, we found a higher risk of malignancy association in patients who meet more than 3 diagnostic criteria of NF-1.
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Ordiyants, I. M., A. A. Kuular, A. A. Yamurzina, et al. "Pathogenetic mechanisms of endometrial hyperplasia in women of reproductive age." Voprosy ginekologii, akušerstva i perinatologii 19, no. 5 (2020): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1726-1678-2020-5-44-50.
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Objective. To analyze pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the development of endometrial hyperplasia in women of reproductive age. Patients and methods. We have examined 143 women of reproductive age with endometrial hyperplasia (EH). Study participants were divided into three groups: Group I included EH patients without atypia; Group II included patients with atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium; Group III (control group) comprised 56 women with abnormal uterine bleeding, in whom we excluded adenomyosis, uterine fibroids, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer, and iatrogenic causes of uterine bleeding. Genomic DNA was isolated using phenol-chloroform extraction. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect microRNA-210, -18a, -221, and -222. The detection of tumor pyruvate kinase M2 was performed using the ScheBo® Tumor M2-PK kit designed for quantitative assessment of this metabolic cancer marker in plasma and endometrial tissue samples. Results. Significant risk factors triggering the pathogenetic mechanism of EH development in reproductive age include extragenital disorders (obesity, thyroid diseases, diseases of the urinary system, hypertension) and gynecological diseases (pelvic inflammatory diseases, adenomyosis, benign breast dysplasia, uterine fibroids). Alterations affecting estrogen receptors lead to changes in microRNA messengers, which, in turn, affect target genes and cause changes in the adaptive abilities of the cell. Expression of pyruvate kinase M2 in this chain confirms proapoptotic changes in the cell and the risk of its atypia. Conclusion. The pathogenesis of EH is based on the following factors: polymorphism of the ERS1 and PRG genes, increased expression of miRNA-210, -18a, and -222, decreased expression of miRNA-221, and overexpression of pyruvate kinase M2. Key words: endometrial hyperplasia, miRNA, pyruvate kinase M2, progesterone receptors, estrogen receptors
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Alam, Md Ashad, Nick Duesbery, and Daniel Daniel Fort. "Abstract 4968: Discovery of cancer-associated factors in 293.5 million diagnosis records using statistical machine learning analysis." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (2024): 4968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-4968.
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Abstract Cancer, a leading global public health issue, ranks as the second leading cause of death in the United States, with projections indicating 1,958,310 new cases and 609,820 deaths in 2023. Accurately quantifying specific pre-disease diagnosis factors associated with cancer, as well as predicting cancer through disease trajectories and imaging modalities, presents a complex and formidable challenge. A comprehensive temporal trajectory analysis of cancer diseases, using disease trajectories as an insight within large cohorts in the USA, has not yet been developed. Our analysis used a comprehensive EHR dataset stretching back to 1999, encompassing 293,501,891 records and involving 3,019,978 patients within Ochsner Health, a large integrated health system across the State of Louisiana. According to our investigation, those diagnosed at the ICD chapter level with diseases of the genitourinary system (genitourinary diseases, ICD-10 Chapter 14, relative risk (RR=1.65)) or endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases (obesity, ICD-10 Chapter 4, RR=1.35) have an elevated risk of being diagnosed with cancer in the subsequent five years. The top four individual diagnosis ICD-10 codes associated with increased risk are N60 (Benign Mammary dysplasia, RR=7.80), M34 (Systemic sclerosis, RR=7.72), R43 (Disturbances of smell and taste, RR=6.93), and R92 (Abnormal and inconclusive findings on diagnostic imaging of the breast, RR=6.59). Furthermore, in our investigation of specific types of cancer risk across 17 cancer types (Breast, Skin, Prostate, Lung, Pancreatic, etc.), we observed that the most common diseases associated with breast and skin cancer involved immune mechanisms (RR=8.35 and 8.68), genitourinary issues (RR=4.13 and 2.48), obesity (RR=3.42 , 3.35), and cardiovascular conditions (ICD-10 Chapter 9, RR=1.73 and 2.19). For prostate cancer, associations were found with obesity (RR=3.50), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, ICD-10 Chapter 1, RR=2.39). Across lung cancer, involvement with chronic viral hepatitis (ICD-10 Chapter 1, RR=4.00), cardiovascular issues (RR=3.52), genitourinary problems (RR=4.13), and obesity (RR=3.42) were indicated. Our comprehensive analysis has the potential to contribute to the early detection, diagnosis trajectories, and improved understanding of the pathological processes underlying cancer in patients worldwide. Citation Format: Md Ashad Alam, Nick Duesbery, Daniel Daniel Fort. Discovery of cancer-associated factors in 293.5 million diagnosis records using statistical machine learning analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 4968.
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FESSIA, LUCIANO, GIOVANNI BOTTA, BRUNO GHIRINGHELLO, RICCARDO ARISIO, GIORGIO GORDINI, and VIRGILIO AIMONE. "Benign, Dysplastic, and Preinvasive Lesions Associated with Invasive Breast Carcinoma: Age-Related Frequency." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 464, no. 1 Endocrinology (1986): 566–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb16070.x.
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