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Journal articles on the topic 'Benign vocal cords'
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Naha, Abirvab, Utpal Dutta, Pran Gopal Datta, Ashim Kumar Biswas, and MA Chowdhury. "White papilloma involving both vocal cords: A Case Report." Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 26, no. 1 (2020): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v26i1.47957.
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White papilloma are rare lesions that may occur at any site of mucosa- lined respiratory tract especially in vocal cords. Morphologically it appears villas looking, clinically & microscopically benign in most cases. We report a 70 years old male patient with white papilloma near anterior commissure involving both vocal cords found during indirect laryngoscopy. The lesion was completely resected with a unipolar coagulation device under direct laryngoscopy. Histopathological examination showed papilloma of vocal cords associated with Human papilloma virus(HPV) wart. To our knowledge this is the second reported case concomitant white papilloma with concomitant HPV in the vocal cords.
 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2020; 26(1): 73-76
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Yanti, Lisa Apri, Irfannuddin Irfannuddin, and Nilam Kusuma Anggraeni. "Relationship Between The Location Of Benign Vocal Cord Lesion And The Degree Of Voice Handicap Index-30." Biomedical Journal of Indonesia 9, no. 1 (2023): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32539/bji.v9i1.134.
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Introduction. Voice disorder or dysphonia is a condition that includes all changes in a person’s voice including tone, intensity, phonation, and others caused by laryngeal disorders. Each sound production disorder can be evaluated through the VHI-30 questionnaire. Therefore, data are needed regarding the relationship of the extent of the lesion location site to the degree of VHI-30 produced in dysphonic patients with benign vocal cord lesions. Methods. Observational research using cross sectional design. Data collection using medical record data on 30 dysphonic patients with benign vocal cord lesions who underwent surgery in the ENT department in RSMH in January 2019 to June 2022. Results. Out of the 30 patients with benign vocal cord lesions, age of 31-45 and 46-60 age groups were most found 11(36,7%) Female gender was found 16(53,3%) and the non-professional voice user category was found the highest 28 (93,3%). The 1–6-month onset group was the highest 12(40,0%). The most common location of benign vocal cord lesions was in 1/3 anterior 8(26,7%), and the most common type of benign lesion was vocal cord nodules 13(43,3%). Severe degree VHI-30 were most found 18(60,0%). The area of bilateral locations along the vocal cords had a significant relationship, with p-value of 0,040 (p<0,05), to the degree of VHI-30 when compared to the unilateral location of the anterior 2/3 of the vocal cords. Conclusion. The benign lesions’ position of bilateral along the vocal cord has a significant relationship to the severe degree of VHI-30
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Pillai, Raji, Michael Sawaryn, Talisa Ross, and Jahangir Ahmed. "Unusual case of Reinke’s oedema." BMJ Case Reports 17, no. 7 (2024): e259492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2023-259492.
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This case report describes a man in his mid 40s, with a history of chronic smoking, who presented with dysphonia. He underwent microlaryngoscopy and biopsy for a suspicious lesion on the anterior right vocal cord. Mask ventilation proved difficult on induction of general anaesthesia due to a solid lesion acting as a ball valve into the glottis. This mass was LASER debulked and sent for histopathology. This demonstrated a haematoma, likely traumatic in origin, with some polypoidal features, consistent with advanced Reinke’s oedema. Reinke’s oedema is a benign condition where chronic inflammation causes fluid accumulation within the vocal cords. Long-standing inflammation leads to disarrangement of the vocal cord lamina propria, causing fluid accumulation and thereby resulting oedema of the vocal cords. This process can subsequently lead to polyp formation and can cause gravelly voice. This case report describes the potential airway sequelae of this benign condition.
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Prasad, Rachana, and Ajay Mallick. "Comparison of Microdissection Microlaryngeal Surgery with Carbon Dioxide Laser in Management of Benign and Premalignant Lesions of Larynx." Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery 26, no. 3 (2018): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47210/bjohns.2018.v26i3.208.
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Introduction
 Dysphonia is caused by voice misuse and various environmental factors. It is manifested as varied pathological lesions of the vocal cords. Surgical excision of these lesions is mainly by conventional cold steel or laser assisted microsurgical techniques. Both modalities have seen extensive advancements and refinement in technologies in the recent past. In this study we have compared the microdissection microlaryngeal treatment and microspot superpulsed beam carbon dioxide (CO2) laser assisted surgical techniques for the management of benign and precancerous lesions of the vocal cords.
 Material and Methods
 A total of 36 cases of benign lesions of vocal cord, were divided randomly to undergo surgery either by microdissection or CO2laser assisted techniques. The groups were assessed through vocal cord morphological observation and subjective voice assessment parameters GRBAS score and VHI10 index.
 Results
 Peroperative bleeding was observed to be significantly reduced in the laser excision group. However, operating time was significantly increased in this group. Patients recovered remarkably well following both the techniques as denoted by voice parameters. No difference was observed in duration of hospital stay. 
 Conclusion
 Both surgical techniques give satisfactory results in their management of benign and precancerous lesions of the vocal cords. Both techniques have their advantages and disadvantages. After a learning curve, laser surgery with its precision and cleaner surgical fields will be more effective in the management of such cases.
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Kanaujia, Surendra Kumar, and Annanya Soni. "A Rare Benign Tumor of Vocal Cord: Myxofibrolipoma." International Journal of Phonosurgery & Laryngology 4, no. 2 (2014): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10023-1086.
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ABSTRACT Laryngeal lipomas are rare. Most of these arise from the aryepiglottic folds of which intrinsic tumors most frequently originate from the false vocal cords. The present case report describes a giant tumor arising from true vocal cord, and that too with a rare histopathology which revealed lipoma with myxomatous degeneration and fibrous changes. Clinical features, management and relevant literature are discussed. How to cite this article Kanaujia SK, Soni A. A Rare Benign Tumor of Vocal Cord: Myxofibrolipoma. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2014;4(2):67-68.
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Moujrid, Sara, Fadoua El Mourabit, Meriem louadghiri Walid Bijou, et al. "Vocal cords polyps presenting with dyspnea and requiring tracheostomy." MOJ Clinical & Medical Case Reports 14, no. 4 (2024): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojcr.2024.14.00468.
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Vocal fold polyps are benign lesions typically found unilaterally and are the second most common laryngeal lesion, following vocal nodules. No significant differences in age or gender distribution have been observed for these lesions. These polyps can be categorized based on morphology as either sessile or pedunculated, and histologically as gelatinous or translucent, fibrous or organized, and angiomatous or hemorrhagic. The etiology of vocal polyps is primarily phono traumatic. Nonetheless, additional irritative factors such as gastroesophageal reflux, smoking, inhalation of noxious chemicals, or strenuous respiratory activities can also contribute to their development.
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Malik, Priya, S. P. S. Yadav, Rajeev Sen, et al. "The Clinicopathological Study of Benign Lesions of Vocal Cords." Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 71, S1 (2017): 212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12070-017-1240-0.
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Cree, Ian A., Brian J. G. Bingham, and Keith C. R. B. Ramesar. "Granular cell tumour of the larynx." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 104, no. 2 (1990): 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100112162.
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AbstractA granular cell tumour may present as clinically innocuous lesions on the vocal cords and the diagnosis is usually made by histopathology. However, the granular cells characteristic of this tumour may not be obvious and accompanying epithelial hyperplasia may be interpreted by the pathologist as invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Good communication between pathologist and surgeon is required to ensure that clinically benign lesions on the vocal cords are not misdiagnosed. The diagnosis of granular cell tumour can be confirmed by immunocytochemical staining for S100 antigen.
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Hakimi, Haziq, Mawaddah Azman, and Abdullah Sani. "Bamboo nodes — two cases with literature review." Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology 35, no. 1 (2019): 126–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejo.ejo_50_18.
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AbstractBamboo nodes are benign lesions of the true vocal cords related to autoimmune diseases. The endoscopic characteristics of these lesions led to their name. These lesions are located within the lamina propria of the true vocal cords, disrupting the normal oscillation during phonation, which results in dysphonia. We present two female patients with distinctive presentation: the first is a patient with known autoimmune disease, and the second, undiagnosed. We find that videostroboscopy is the most useful tool to diagnose bamboo nodes. Surgery with postoperative intralesional steroid injection was performed in the first patient, showing promising voice outcome.
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Starostina, S. V., V. M. Svistushkin, and E. B. Rakunova. "Rehabilitation of a voice function in patients with benign laryngeal lesions after surgical treatment." Medical Council, no. 8 (April 18, 2019): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-8-122-126.
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Usually benign laryngeal lesions like cysts, polyps and fibrous masses occurs in result of phonotrauma as reactive changes of the mucous of vocal cords. Presence of organic pathology of larynx is a reason of functional voice disorders. 45 patients in age of 18-70 y.o. with benign laryngeal lesions were investigated. All patients underwent microlaryngoscopy with excision of the lesion in inpatient mode. This article describes complex of pre- and postoperative procedures performed to assess the vocal function in patients. For the surgical excision of lesions «cold-steel» instruments, radiofrequently ablation and laser surgery were used. Authors analysed the correlation between complaints, acoustic voice parameters and the process of mucous recovery. Laser technique is recommended for surgical treatment of benign lesions of larynx. Fibrolaryngoscopy, laryngostroboscopy and computer acoustic assessment of vocal parameters are required before voice normalization. Phonotherapy is indicated n case of persistence of dysphonia.
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R, Minutha. "Benign lesions of the vocal cords - An analysis of fifty cases." MedPulse International Journal of ENT 16, no. 3 (2020): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26611/10161633.
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Mitrovic, Slobodan. "Subjective acoustic analysis of tumor’s dysphonia using 'rbh' scale." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 131, no. 1-2 (2003): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0302040m.
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The goal of psycho acoustic or subjective voice analysis, in a phoniater's everyday work, is to describe a subjective experience based on the physical parameters created in the process of phonation. The work was a clinical prospective study and the sample consisted of 80 people of both sexes, 40 people with benign and pseudo tumors of vocal cords and 40 people with malign tumors of vocal cords. All the patients were otorinolaringologically and phoniatrically examined. The subjective acoustic analysis was done with the patients pronouncing numbers from 1 to 10 in the comfortable zone. Afterwards, the quality of the voices was estimated in RBH scale. The subjective acoustic analysis found roughness in the voices of 87,50% patients in the first group and the most frequent value was Mod=3 ( intense roughness), 62,50% patients. Hoarseness was present in 90,00 % cases , with largest value Mod=2 (moderate hoarseness), 55,00% patients. In the second group, roughness existed in the voices of 70,00% patients, most often intense one (Mod=3), 30,00% patients. Hoarseness existed in 95,00% cases, 45,00% with moderate (Mod=2) and 35,00% with intense one. T test showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the strength of the roughness determined by the subjective acoustic analysis in the first and the second group, with p<0,01. The difference between the strength of the hoarseness in the first and the second group is also statistically significant, with p<0,01. All the growths on vocal cords irrespective of their nature change the characteristics of the voice, most of all its clearness. In cases of vocal cords tumors, by the subjective acoustic analysis, i.e. the perception of the psycho physiological characteristics of voice, a human ear can register pathological phenomena of the voice but cannot determine the character of the growth on the vocal cords.
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Bisht, Rahul, Kapil Mehar, Anupam Goswami, Narayan Bavalatti, Pankaj Kundal, and Manjusha Rajagopala. "A case report on the management of Laryngeal papillomatosis through Ayurveda therapeutic approaches." Journal of Ayurveda Case Reports 8, no. 1 (2025): 11–16. https://doi.org/10.4103/jacr.jacr_241_23.
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Laryngeal papillomatosis is a recurrent, benign, and widespread respiratory disease characterized by the formation of wart-like growths on the vocal cords and other laryngeal structures. Human papillomavirus infection is the primary etiological factor. A 42-year-old male patient presented to outpatient department with hoarseness of voice, which was progressive in nature, with pain in the throat. A laryngoscopy examination revealed multiple papillomatous growths on the true vocal cords. A biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of laryngeal papillomatosis. The patient was treated with Virechana (~therapeutic purgation), internal medications, steam inhalation, and advised for strict voice rest. After two months of management, the patient got relief in hoarseness of voice, and the size of the papilloma was reduced. This Ayurveda management approach is a hope for all such infectious pathologies and may attract the views of policy makers involved in designing healthcare guidelines.
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HUANG, XUEKUN, GEHUA ZHANG, XIUJIN LIU, TAO WANG, and LING ZHU. "Detection of benign proliferative lesions on vocal cords with voice handicap index." Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 4, no. 4 (2012): 733–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/etm.2012.645.
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P., Sree Devi, and Asha Rani P. "Stroboscopy, Voice Handicap Index and Maximum Phonation Time as Objective and Subjective Methods to Assess the Voice Quality Following Micro Laryngeal Surgery in Benign Lesions of the Vocal Cords." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 7 (2022): 23–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13366991.
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<strong>Background:</strong> Altered voice quality is commonly reported by patients with benign lesions of the vocal cords; 84% of them could be corrected surgically. Patient’s response as subjective improvement in voice quality and objective improvement on Stroboscopy has revolutionized the role of voice clinics. <strong>Aim:</strong> To evaluate the final outcome of micro-laryngeal surgery for benign lesions of vocal cords with Stroboscopy and subjective improvement of quality of voice with voice handicap index and Maximum phonation time. <strong>Materials:</strong> 71 patients with benign lesions of vocal cords like cysts, polyps, nodules, plaques, angiomas, fibromas and Reinke’s edema were included in a prospective study for a period of 25 months. Preoperative and postoperative Stroboscopy variables of amplitude, mucosal wave, and glottic closure were used. Subjective assessment of voice quality was done by voice Handicap index questionnaire. Maximum phonation time was calculated before and after surgery. The study data was analyzed statistically to assess the significance using paired‘t’ test and Chi square test. <strong>Results:</strong> Patients were aged between 16 and 65 years. Out of 71 patients, 49 (69.12%) were males and 22 (30.98%) females, with a male to female ratio of 2.22:1. 49/71 (69.01%) patients belonged to the age group of 26 to 45 years. The mean age was 44.56±3.15 years. Hawkers were 21 (29.57%), Agriculturists were 18 (25.35%), Office goers were 14 (19.71%). Significant improvement on Stroboscopy variables and Voice handicap indices postoperatively at the end of 10 weeks was noted with p value 0.001. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> Voice quality assessment on Stroboscopy and VHI (Voice handicap index) was ensuring satisfaction to both the patients and the surgeon alike. The assessment methods were not time consuming and except to the initial cost of establishing Stroboscopy the overall results of the study were effective.
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Shinwari, Abdullah Jan. "Huge Subglottic Stalked Polyp Treated by Endoscopic Polypectomy Snare at Jalalabad Afghanistan." Otolaryngology Open Access Journal 8, no. 2 (2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ooaj-16000273.
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Polyps are the common benign mucosal lesions of larynx. Usually present as exophytic lesion with thin mucosa. Horsiness is a common symptom and rarely large subglottic polyp causes dyspnea. A patient with horsiness and shortness of breath due to a huge laryngeal polyp around 2cm with thin stalk, linked to thyroid angle below the vocal cords. According the combined decision of Otorhinolaryngologist, Endoscopist and Anesthesiologist, underwent resection of the mass by endoscopic polypectomy snare with electrocautery without any residues and damages. The dyspnea and hoarseness relieved. The histopathological findings confirmed vocal cord benign mass lesion. We consider that careful intubation under the direct vision of bronchoscopy and electrocautery is the safest and useful procedure to secure the upper airway successfully in cases of large subglottic polyp showing dyspnea.
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Gnjatic, M., P. Stankovic, and V. Djukic. "The effect of smoking and forced use of the voice to development of the vocal polyps." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 56, no. 2 (2009): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci0902027g.
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Dysphonia is often caused by polyps which are benign changes of pseudotumors With their presence they are hampering with glotis oclusion Laryngomicroscopy of general and endotracheal anaesthesia has been preformed on all of the patients. Microsurgical technique has been used to remove the polyps. Bioptic material was analyzed in pathohystlogoical laboratory of clinic of pathology in Banjaluka. All of the results were presented through tables and graphic representations. Frequency of polyps through age and sex groups, along with the examination of ethyological factors in emergence of polyps of vocal cords. Results are in accordance with the results of other authors who were involved in similar problematics. Through analysis of our data we percieve that the abuse of voice is part of ethiological factors that lead not only to emergence of vocal fold lesions but as well as other benign changes.
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Eyigor, Hulya, Ustun Osma, Arzu Didem Yalcin, Mustafa Deniz Yilmaz, and Irfan Pirtik. "305 Incidence of Allergy in Patients With Benign Lesions of the Vocal Cords." World Allergy Organization Journal 5 (February 2012): S98—S99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wox.0000412068.52785.1f.
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T, V. S. S. N. Leela Prasad, Ramesh Chandra P, Ratna Babu P, Aditya K, and Mummidivarapu Peter. "A Comprehensive Study on the Benign Lesions of Vocal Cords at Tertiary Care Hospital - SMC Vijayawada." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 12 (2023): 996–98. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11195955.
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<strong>Objectives:</strong> Clinical study was conducted to analyse the age, sex distribution and symptomatology, and the prognosis of the common types of benign lesions of Vocal cords. <strong>Study Design:</strong> 1year study from September 2022 to August 2023 in a Tertiary care Hospital – Siddhartha medical college SMC-Vijayawada. <strong>Methods:</strong> Total of 50 patients with benign laryngeal lesion were included based on symptomatology such as hoarseness of voice, foreign body sensation, throat pain, neck swelling, cough with or without sputum. Lower and upper limit of the study age was 15-50 years, investigations include all haematological, clinical photographs, radiological investigations and therapeutic procedures are collected. All non-operative and malignant cases are excluded <strong>Results:</strong> Male to female ratio was observed to be 1:1.32, most common age group was 30-40years, while vocal nodules are the most common presentation with throat pain being the earliest and hoarseness of voice being the common symptom.
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Auborn, Karen J. "Therapy for Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis." Antiviral Therapy 7, no. 1 (2002): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135965350200700101.
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Human papillomaviruses types 6 or 11 are aetiological agents of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, a disease characterized by benign exophytic tumours usually on the vocal cords. Surgery debulks the tumours, but these growths generally recur at regular intervals. Adjunct medical treatments, aimed at containing the virus and growth of tumours, include indole-3-carbinol or its dimer diindolylmethane, interferon, photodynamic therapy and others. Preventive and therapeutic vaccines hold promise for eliminating the virus.
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Robb, P. J., and A. Girling. "Granular cell myoblastoma of the supraglottis." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 103, no. 3 (1989): 328–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100108849.
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AbstractGranular cell myoblastoma is an unusual benign tumour, which, when occuring in the larynx usually affects the vocal cords and causes hoarseness. We present a case presenting with symptoms strongly suggestive of globus pharyngis.These tumours probably arise from neuroectodermal tissue, and the current nomenclature is a misnomer. Complete excision rather than biopsy is recommended, as biopsy material may be misinterpreted as squamous carcinoma.In this case, endoscopic removal of the tumour was successful in producing complete symptomatic relief.
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Van Der Velden, Lilly-Ann, H. Ewout Schaafsma, Johannes J. Manni, et al. "Cytokeratin and Vimentin Expression in Normal Epithelium and Benign Lesions of the Vocal Cords." Acta Oto-Laryngologica 116, no. 2 (1996): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016489609137851.
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Saudi, Suliman. "Benign Lesions of the Vocal Cords in Different Ages : Prospective Study of 60 Cases." Middle East Journal of Age and Ageing 11, no. 1 (2014): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5742/meaa.2014.92395.
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Ambati, Ratna, Bomma Kumar, Dasareddy Anusha, and Shoban Babu. "A descriptive study of benign lesions of the larynx; therapeutic management and outcomes." Journal of Clinical and Investigative Surgery 7, no. 2 (2022): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25083/2559.5555/7.2.3.
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Introduction. Papilloma is more common among neoplastic lesions, and vocal cord polyps are more common among nonneoplastic lesions. The objective of this study is to investigate the epidemiological factors, clinical features, etiopathogenesis and management methods of benign lesions of the larynx. Materials and Methods. It is a prospective study on 40 benign lesions of the larynx, in a tertiary referral medical period of 18 months (from March 2018 to October 2019). Detailed history and ENT examination as well as relevant investigations were performed. Results. Vocal cords were involved in 92.5% of cases, and both supraglottis in 7.5% of cases. Vocal cord polyp lesions were more common than papilloma lesions. Preoperative conservative voice therapy was recommended, and 70% of cases showed improvement. Coblation assisted laryngeal surgery and excision was performed in 1 case, while 11 cases were treated by microlaryngeal surgery. Voice rest and voice therapy was given to all post operative cases. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 18 months, and improvements were seen in 8 cases that were treated by surgery. All cases that underwent conservative treatment improved symptomatically. Conclusions. The most likely causes of treatment failure are due to ongoing predisposing factors such as voice abuse, smoking and alcohol consumption, lack of commitment to voice therapy and non-compliance with recommendations by patients.
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Upadhya, Ila B., Dhaval C. Patel, and Kartika R. Rao. "Hoarseness of voice-prospective study: etiology, evaluation and treatment." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 4 (2020): 740. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20201292.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Despite advances in medical technologies and improvement in diagnostic armamentarium in laryngology about 20% of cases remain undiagnosed until suspension laryngoscopy. The study was undertaken to identify etiological factors, type of lesions, age and sex distribution, sites of involvement, efficacy of different diagnostic and treatment modalities.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study of 45 cases of benign vocal cords lesions was carried out. Patients with hoarseness of voice for &gt;3 weeks were investigated and treated with conservative management and surgery. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Hoarseness of voice presented within 6 months after onset of symptom. The common age of presentation was between 21 to 40 years, with male:female ratio of 1.25:1. Vocal abuse, laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) and smoking, were the most common etiological factors. Housewives were most common group. Wide angled 70<sup>0</sup> telelaryngoscopy showed 80% accuracy rate. Suspension laryngoscopy showed 100% accuracy rate. Involvements of both the vocal cords were more common, vocal cord nodule being the commonest. 70% responded very well to conservative management.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Dysphonia is the most common presenting symptom having vocal cord lesion, non-professional voice user young females are most common sufferers with delay of 6 months in presenting to a laryngologist. Vocal abuse and LPRD are most common aetiologies. Telelaryngoscopy can diagnose up to 80% of them which is cost effective Outpatient Department procedure. 70% of them respond well to medical therapy and voice training. Identification of causative factor and management of them is mandatory for treatment and prevention of recurrence.</p>
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Thakur, Vimal Singh, Mandadapu Siva, and Namadar Sanjay. "Study of Complications Following Thyroidectomy for Benign Thyroid Disease." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 5 (2024): 558–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11406219.
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<strong>Background:</strong> Thyroidectomy is a very common surgical procedure. The outcome and complication rates are largely dependent on the surgeon’s skill and experience. The complications may be anatomical, physiologic, or both. <strong>Method:</strong> 80 (eighty) adult patients aged between 20 to 60 years having cytological and radiological evidence of benign thyroid disease were studied. Every patient underwent TSH, T3, T4, and USG of the neck and aspiration of fluid for cytological study from a suspected area. CT scan in tracheal compression patients, an indirect laryn-goscopy was done under pre-operatively to assess the position of the vocal cords. Thyroidectomy was done un-der general anesthesia and administered by endo-tracheal intubation. Flexible strobolaryngoscopy was done when an indirect laryngoscope was inconclusive. <strong>Results:</strong> Benign thyroid complications were 11 (13.7%) hyperthyroidism, 20 (25%) retro-sternal extension, 5 (6.2%) tracheal compression, 27 (33.7%) firm feel, and 17 (21.2%) adhesion. The anatomical variations were: 14 (17.5%) had anterior relation to ITA, with 2 (2.5%) had palsy, 21 (26.2%) had branching of RLN with 4 (5%) had palsy, 45 (56.2%) had RLN close to anterior entry, with 5 (6.2%) had palsy. Vocal cord palsy was highest in firm gland and least in 5 (6.2%) tracheal compressions. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> It is concluded that a surgeon with skill and knowledge of the anatomy of the thyroid gland can minimize the post-surgical complications.
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Islam, Mohammad Nazrul, Dipankar Lodh, Md Shahriar Islam, Md Arifuzzaman, Bashudev Kumar Saha, and Md Shah Alam. "A Comparative Study of Fiberoptic Laryngoscopy (FOL) and Indirect Laryngoscopy in the Diagnosis of Patients with Vocal Cord Lesions." Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 29, no. 1 (2023): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v29i1.68129.
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Background: Change of voice is one of the common complaints in ENT practice and hoarseness of voice is the commonest symptom of changed voice quality. Hoarseness is invariably the earliest manifestation of conditions directly or indirectly affecting the voice apparatus. Though most common causes of hoarseness are benign and vocal abuse is the commonest among them, but we should always investigate for more sinister pathology like malignancy. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yields of fibreoptic laryngoscopy (FOL) with that of indirect laryngoscopy in the diagnosis of vocal cord lesions. Objectives: To compare fibreoptic laryngoscopy (FOL) and indirect laryngoscopy in the diagnosis of vocal cord lesions as the cause of voice change. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which has been conducted in the Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery, SSMC Mitford Hospital with a sample size of 87 cases for a period of six months from 10th February’ 2020 to 9th August’ 2020. The patients with vocal cord lesions were selected according to the eligibility criteria by purposive sampling. Results : On indirect laryngoscopic examinations, 29.89% were vocal cord polyp, 16.09% suspected vocal cord neoplasm, 14.94% vocal cord edema, 11.49% vocal cord nodule, 5.74% vocal cord palsy and 2.61 were ulcerative lesion of vocal cords whereas poor view were in 18.39% cases. On fibreoptic laryngoscopy (FOL), 29.89% were vocal cord polyp, 19.54% suspected vocal cord neoplasm, 17.24% vocal cord edema, 16.09% vocal cord nodule, 8.04% vocal cord palsy and 6.90% were ulcerative lesion of vocal cord. 2.30% revealed normal study. Study showed that fibreoptic laryngoscopic examination is superior to indirect laryngoscopy in diagnosing vocal cord lesions. Conclusion : Fibreoptic laryngoscopy (FOL) is significantly superior to indirect laryngoscopy in the diagnosis of vocal cord lesions. Indirect laryngoscopy sometimes may miss to diagnose a sinister disease like malignancy. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 29(1): 24-31
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Raman, Tuhina, Kshitij Chatterjee, Bashar N. Alzghoul, et al. "A bronchoscopic approach to benign subglottic stenosis." SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 5 (January 1, 2017): 2050313X1771315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050313x17713151.
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Objectives: Subglottic stenosis is an abnormal narrowing of the tracheal lumen at the level of subglottis (the area in between the vocal cords and the cricoid cartilage). It can cause significant symptoms due to severe attenuation of airflow. We describe our experience in alleviating symptoms by addressing the stenosis using fibreoptic bronchoscopic methods. Methods: We report all concurrent cases performed between September 2015 and July 2016. We use a combination of balloon dilation, electro-surgery knife to dilate and incise stenotic segments followed by steroid injection to modulate healing. Results: We treated 10 patients in the study period, 8 of which were women. A total of 39 procedures were performed on these patients during this period. Gastro-esophageal reflux was the most common comorbidity associated with stenosis. The majority of the patients required more than 2 therapeutic procedures, but none required more than 4 procedures. There were no complications. Conclusion: Tracheal stenosis and in particular subglottic stenosis is a recurrent process and its management requires extensive collaboration amongst treating specialties. Our technique of steroid injection after dilation of the stenosis was effective in symptom control and decreased the number of repeat procedures.
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Salvador, Pedro, Francisco Moreira da Silva, and Rui Fonseca. "Laryngeal oncocytic cystadenoma mimicking a combined laryngomucocele." BMJ Case Reports 13, no. 10 (2020): e236866. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-236866.
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Laryngeal oncocytic cystadenomas are rare benign tumours lined by oncocytic epithelium and arising from the salivary glands; they usually present as a supraglottic mass. Oncocytic changes are very uncommon in the larynx and occur mainly in ventricles and false vocal cords, where seromucinous glands predominate. The authors present the case of a 62-year-old woman who reported a 6-month history of hoarseness associated with a soft and non-compressible upper left side neck swelling. Transnasal fiberoptic laryngoscopy revealed a left submucosal supraglottic mass involving the false vocal fold and the vallecula, partially obstructing the airway. CT scan showed a homogeneous isodense cystic lesion centred at the left laryngeal ventricle, with extension through the thyrohyoid membrane. The patient was successfully managed by a lateral thyrotomy approach. Histopathological examination of the specimen revealed a papillary oncocytic cystadenoma and excluded malignancy. There was no evidence of recurrence after 9 months of follow-up.
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Alswaiheb, Jameel N., Mohammed A. Motiwala, Abdulmalik Alkhodair, Abdulrahman Aljadoa, Ghada Alhindi, and Jose Cletus. "Laryngeal amyloidosis: a case report." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 7 (2020): 1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20202793.
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<p class="abstract">Amyloidosis is a rare, benign, slowly progressive disease characterized by extracellular accumulation of<strong> </strong>amyloid in different tissues of the body. It accounts for 0.2-1.2% of benign laryngeal tumors and usually presents as an isolated localized laryngeal amyloidosis, but can also be part of systemic amyloidosis. A 26 years old female with history of gradually developing, persistent hoarseness, and progressive<strong> </strong>dyspnea since 1 year, worsened over the past three days. Outpatient Department based endoscopy showed bilateral mobile, thickened vocal cords with subglottic edematous thickness. Computed tomography scan showed symmetrical thickening of bilateral vocal cord, causing glottic narrowing about 70% on the AP view and about 50% on the lateral view and no cartilage invasion or lymphadenopathy. Microlaryngoscopy and biopsy of the specimen were performed and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of amyloidosis with Congo red stain. Patient was managed by surgical excision of the mass and long term follow-up. To rule out systemic amyloidosis patient is referred to rheumatology clinic and hematology clinic for further evaluation and management. Histopathological examination of the involved tissue confirms the diagnosis, and long term follow up is mandatory in the management of amyloidosis.</p>
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Zaini, Rhendra Hardy Mohamad, and Muhamad Aizuddin Bin Ismail. "Navigating Airway Management in Pseudo-Double Vocal Cord Anatomy: A Case Report." Bali Journal of Anesthesiology 9, no. 1 (2025): 48–51. https://doi.org/10.4103/bjoa.bjoa_13_25.
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Abstract Pseudo-double vocal cord anatomy is a rare and challenging anomaly that can complicate airway management, requiring careful planning and precise execution. This report aims to expand the limited literature on this condition, discussing diagnostic complexities and strategies for successful airway management in such cases. A 65-year-old female presented with a pedunculated laryngeal mass, mimicking a second set of vocal cords, leading to significant diagnostic and procedural challenges. Preoperative evaluation, including flexible endoscopy and computed tomography imaging, revealed a lesion originating from the aryepiglottic fold, narrowing the hypopharyngeal lumen. Awake fiberoptic intubation using a pediatric bronchoscope and laser-resistant endotracheal tube ensured patient safety and procedural success. Surgical debulking of the mass was performed, and histopathological examination confirmed the presence of a benign lesion. The patient’s preference to avoid a tracheostomy was respected, highlighting the importance of shared decision-making in clinical care. This case emphasizes the value of multidisciplinary collaboration, advanced airway management techniques, and patient-centered care in addressing complex airway anomalies. It contributes to the understanding of pseudo-double vocal cord anatomy, offering practical insights for clinicians managing similar scenarios.
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Chen, Hui, Yang Guo, Cai Li, and Liang Zhou. "Paraglottic space schwannoma: a case report and literature review." Journal of International Medical Research 50, no. 9 (2022): 030006052211224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03000605221122497.
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Neurogenic tumors located in the larynx are extremely rare. Among them, schwannoma is a benign encapsulated tumor originating from Schwann cells, which form nerve fiber sheaths in the peripheral nervous system. We herein report a case of a schwannoma arising from a rare subsite of the larynx and review the literature on laryngeal schwannoma. The case involved a woman with a 1-month history of globus pharyngeus and dysphagia without dysphonia. Rigid laryngoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging showed a large submucosal bulge toward the medial wall of the right pyriform fossa, pushing the right false and true vocal cords and aryepiglottic fold inward. A transcervical approach was used to completely excise the tumor without incisional biopsy or preliminary tracheotomy. Histology confirmed a benign schwannoma originating from the right paraglottic space, which was extremely rare. During follow-up, no evidence of recurrence or a residual mass was found. The transcervical approach is a useful and less invasive treatment for laryngeal schwannoma located in the paraglottic space.
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Nadjimutdinova N. Sh., Amonov Sh. E., and Alieva M. U. "CLINICAL EVALUATION OF VOICE IN CHILDREN WITH DYSPHONIA." World Science 1, no. 10(38) (2018): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/31102018/6174.
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 Objective: make a comparative analysis of the voice of the index (VHI) and endoscopic studies in the pathology of the voice of children.Material and Methods: The study involved 87 children, from 6 months to 14 years. The clinical study included fibrorinolaryngoscopy with video fixation (C-MAC, K. Storz, Ø-2,7 mm) and a survey of parents (or guardians) of children at the Uzbek version of the voice handicap index (pVHI), with sub- sections (functional - F, the physical - P and emotional - E).Results: endoscopic diagnosed laryngitis 20,6% (n = 18), functional 16,1% (n = 14) and mutational 9,2% (n = 8), dysphonia, benign larynx (respiratory papillamatosis) - 18.4 % (n = 16), the vocal cords paresis - 5.7% (n = 5), the vocal folds nodules 26.4% (n = 23), throat structure anomalies (acquired) 3,4% (n = 3). The survey revealed pVHI average points total pVHI and its sub-group of patients were as follows: F - 13,94, P - 15.48, E - 12.15 and T - 41.58, which is significantly higher than the group of healthy children and children with functional disorders of voice.Conclusions: Fibrolaryngoscopy with the smallest diameter of the lumen of the laryngoscope with video fixation allowed to quickly ascertain the diagnosis of organic disease of the larynx in children. In addition, the survey pVHI allowed to differentiate the severity of the vocal apparatus, to conduct timely special endoscopic diagnosis of vocal cord diseases.
 
 
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Rajput, Sneha D., and Mittal J. Poriya. "Stroboscopy: an evolving tool for voice analysis in vocal cord pathologies." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 3, no. 4 (2017): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20173265.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Benign vocal fold disease, such as vocal polyp, vocal nodule, intracordal cyst or Reinke’s edema is one of the most common causes which deteriorate the voice. Since 1854 when Manuel Garcia first observed the movement of his own vocal cords using a laryngeal mirror and sunlight as the light source, a number of techniques for demonstrating laryngeal anatomy have evolved. Preoperative evaluation of these lesions initially by indirect laryngoscopy or direct rigid laryngoscopy, gave way to the use of transnasal flexible fibreoptic endoscopy in the eighties. The introduction of the video stroboscope into Otorhinolaryngology practice has revolutionized the assessment of vocal cord pathology.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present study includes a 50 cases of subjects with complain of change of voice coming at department of E.N.T and Head and Neck surgery, at our hospital. A detailed history was taken following which a thorough examination of larynx using appropriate techniques were carried out. Further investigations were done as and when required. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> On stroboscopic examination patients were analyzed on four parameters like, symmetry, amplitude, periodicity and mucosal wave. Observations of periodicity and mucosal wave were significantly different in preoperative and post-operative analysis. Stroboscopic evaluation suggested that preoperatively 50% of the patient were having asymmetricity, decreased amplitude, aperiodicity and absent mucosal wave. On postoperative follow-up at 15 days and 2 months interval almost all the patients got all the parameters near normal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> It was observed that statistical significant difference in pre and postoperative findings of different parameters of voice evaluated using it. We can draw the probable conclusion that video stroboscope proved to be useful and reliable tool for evaluation of the patients with benign vocal cord pathologies as it reflects the change in the all the parameters of voice postoperatively most accurately and promptly. </p>
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Tsai, Justine Ruth Chny, Maria Karen R. Alcantara-Capuz, and Fatima Makalintal Gansatao. "Assessment of vocal cord function using transcutaneous laryngeal ultrasonography: a tertiary government hospital experience." Journal of Laryngology and Voice 13, no. 2 (2023): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jlv.jlv_1_24.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the feasibility of surgeon-performed transcutaneous laryngeal ultrasonography (TLUS) in the assessment of vocal cord function as an alternative to rigid laryngoscopy. Specific Objective: To describe the method of using ultrasound in assessing vocal cord mobility. To describe maneuvers that can be performed to assess laryngeal function during transcutaneous laryngeal ultrasonography (TLUS). To describe the utility of TLUS as an alternative to fiberoptic laryngoscopy in assessing vocal cord mobility for otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery practitioners during the time of COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: Design: Prospective observational cohort study. Setting: Tertiary government hospital in the Philippines. Subjects: Twenty-six patients aged between 19 and 68 years old, diagnosed with a benign or malignant thyroid disease, were seen in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery subspecialty clinic in East Avenue Medical Center from November 2021 to August 2022. All patients underwent TLUS performed by the lead investigator and rigid laryngoscopy performed by otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery (ORL-HNS) surgeons in the same institution. The laryngeal ultrasound recordings are presented to four blinded ORL-HNS practitioners, who have all attended Head and Neck Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) hands-on workshops, for interpretation to assess the mobility of the vocal cords. Results: Of the 184 normal-functioning vocal folds, TLUS assessed 175 correctly. Of the 24 malfunctioning, either paretic or paralyzed vocal folds, TLUS identified 22 correctly, with a sensitivity of 91.6% and specificity of 95.1%. Of the 24 malfunctioning vocal fold presented to the blinded ORL-HNS practitioners, 12 were paretic and 12 were paralyzed based on rigid laryngoscopy assessment. Of the 12 paretic vocal fold, TLUS assessed 7 correctly for a specificity of 91.9%. Of the 12 paralyzed vocal folds, TLUS assessed 7 correctly for a specificity of 93.6%. Conclusion: We found that TLUS may serve as a reliable alternative screening tool for ORL-HNS practitioners in assessing vocal fold mobility. It can be used to differentiate paralyzed and paretic vocal folds with mastery of proper technique as image acquisition is highly operator-dependent, even for surgeon operators.
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Murshed, KM Mamun, Md Harun Ar Rashid Talukder, Habibur Rahman, and AKM Shaif Uddin. "Fiberoptic laryngoscopy-- experience in a private hospital." Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College 7, no. 2 (2017): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v7i2.31443.
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Background: Laryngoscopy is a medical procedure used to obtain a view from nose to voice box (larynx). A thin, lighted tube is usedto view the anatomical detailof the nose, nasopharynx, pharynx andvoice box including motion of the vocal cords in fibreoptic laryngoscopy. Biopsy can also be taken from the suspected lesions. The procedure is usually performed as an OPD procedure under local anesthesia.Methodology: This retrospective, cross sectional observational studywas conducted from June 2007 to October 2015 in a private hospital.Results: 12265 patients were examined and 625 patientsunderwent biopsy during the procedure. Among them male was55.39% and female was 44.61%. Findings were revealed normal in 69.80%,benign looking lesionsin 11.61%, suspected growth in 16.87% of the cases.54.24% were histologically positive for malignancy.Conclusion: Fiberopticlaryngoscopyis a very effective in-office or outdoor procedure for examination of the nose, nasopharynx, pharynx and larynxand also for taking biopsy from the suspected lesions under local anesthesia.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2015, Vol.7(2); 59-62
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Narayana, M. Lakshmi, S. M. Azeem Mohiyuddin, Vivek Viswambharan, Urvashi Gaur, and G. Krishnamurthy Swethadri. "A rare case of atypical lipoma in retropharyngeal space and review of literature." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 5, no. 6 (2019): 1708. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20194956.
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<p class="abstract">The term atypical lipoma was introduced to describe the relatively benign course of well-differentiated liposarcomas when they occur in extremities compared to their retroperitoneal counterparts. A 32-year-old lady presented with dysphagia, excessive snoring and difficulty in breathing for three months<span>. On examination, a smooth globular retropharyngeal swelling was seen extending anteriorly till epiglottis obscuring the view of vocal cords. The CECT scan demonstrated features suggestive of a lipomatous lesion with possible sarcomatous change. Excision was done through a transcervical approach and histopathology showed features suggestive of atypical lipoma of retropharyngeal space</span>. As the tumor was removed in toto, adjuvant radiotherapy was not advised. Hence if any swelling in the retropharyngeal space is noted, the probability of soft tissue tumors must be ruled out by a CT/MRI scan before attempting incision and drainage or any other surgical procedure. Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy is limited to high-grade tumors, incompletely excised tumors and more radiosensitive liposarcoma subtypes such as myxoid sarcomas.</p>
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Solun, Boris, and Yakov Ori. "Severe hiccups associated with intra-articular corticosteroid injection — A case report." Open Medicine 7, no. 1 (2012): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-011-0105-2.
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AbstractA hiccup is a sudden contraction of the inspiratory and diaphragmatic muscles followed by an abrupt closure of the glottis; that produces a characteristic noise resulting from vibrations of the vocal cords. Brief episodes of hiccups are common in humans at all stages of life and are usually benign. Prolonged attacks that last for days or weeks are considered a more serious phenomenon and may indicate an underlying disorder warranting a comprehensive medical evaluation. These attacks have been associated with significant burden and morbidity. The most common triggers for acute hiccups are linked with gastro-intestinal causes, such as the gastric distension that occurs after an abundant meal, or with gastroesophageal disease. Sudden changes in temperature, excessive alcohol consumption, as well as excitement or emotional stress, may also set off acute hiccups. Certain drugs, including benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and many others, have been reported to induce hiccups. Drug-induced hiccups are diagnosed by exclusion of other causes and represent a very unusual side-effect of drugs like corticosteroids. We present a case of hiccups associated with intra-articular Diprospan (Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate) administration.
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Lewis, Jean E., Kerry D. Olsen, Paul J. Kurtin, and Robert A. Kyle. "Laryngeal Amyloidosis: A Clinicopathologic and Immunohistochemical Review." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 106, no. 4 (1992): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989210600410.
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The clinical nature of laryngeal amyloidosis has not been well established, and the natural history of the disease remains a controversial matter. To address these issues, we reviewed the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of 22 cases (11 men and 11 women; mean age, 56 years) of laryngeal amyloidosis. Hoarseness was the most common symptom, and the most frequent site affected was the false vocal cords. Six patients had concomitant tracheal amyloidosis. Paraffin blocks were available for immunostaining in 20 cases. Nineteen cases were positive for amyloid P component. λ-Light chains were detected in 12 cases and κ-light chains in 5; three cases did not show definite light-chain staining. Ten patients underwent repeated operations for persistent or recurrent respiratory tract disease. One patient died of progressive tracheobronchial amyloidosis, but systemic amyloidosis did not develop in any of the patients. Laryngeal amyloidosis is a form of localized amyloidosis characterized by monoclonal light-chain deposition. Recurrent respiratory tract disease is not uncommon, but the usual clinical course is relatively benign.
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Opanasenko, M. S., O. V. Tereshkovych, S. M. Shalahay, et al. "A case of malignant transformation of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis." Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection, no. 2 (June 22, 2023): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30978/tb-2023-2-51.
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Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare, difficult to treat benign tumor disease of the respiratory tract with a progressive course caused by human papillomavirus and most often occurs in the larynx in the form of papillomas. They may be present at any age, but most often between the ages of 1 and 4. They can recur after treatment, undergo malignant transformation, and spread to the vocal cords, trachea, or lungs.
 Objective — to present our own observation of the malignant transformation of RRP in a young man of 23 years old, who was diagnosed and treated at the SI «National Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky of the NAMS of Ukraine».
 Materials and methods. Prior to this non-systematic review, information was searched in MEDLINE/PubMed for systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials published in the past 5 years using such terms as human papillomavirus, recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, and malignant transformation.
 Results and discussion. Patient H. 23 years old. From the anamnesis, it is known that the diagnosis of RRP was made at the age of 4, since then he regularly noticed the appearance of dry wheezing, shortness of breath, hoarseness, and sometimes its disappearance. Since childhood, the patient has been under the supervision of a pediatric otolaryngologist. The papillomas were localized on the vocal cords. It is known that more than 100 procedures were performed to remove papillomas using electrocoagulation under general anesthesia. For morphological verification of the diagnosis, it was decided to perform a video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery of the right lung.Pathological examination findings: «Respiratory papillomatosis with a tendency to malignant transformation». The biopsy material was sent for the immunohistochemical examination. Findings: «G2 Non-keratinizing squamous cell lung carcinoma. There are signs of lymphovascular, perineural invasion, there are signs of pleural invasion, the immunohistochemical study shows that tumor cells are positive for p40, which allows to confirm the diagnosis». After that, the patient was consulted by an oncologist and an immunologist. A 2-component chemotherapy with Carboplatin and Paclitaxel was prescribed.
 Conclusions. RRP is a rare disease that can become malignant in case of untimely diagnosis and inadequate screening. Great attention should be paid to complementing of the surgical treatment with vaccination and immunotherapy.
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Ma, Linglei, Bizhan Bandarchi, Clarence Sasaki, Steven Levine, and Young Choi. "Primary Localized Laryngeal Amyloidosis: Report of 3 Cases With Long-term Follow-up and Review of the Literature." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 129, no. 2 (2005): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2005-129-215-pllaro.
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Abstract Context.—Localized laryngeal amyloidosis is an uncommon condition with limited long-term follow-up studies. The precise etiology and pathogenesis are not entirely clear. Objective.—To further characterize the histopathologic features and possible pathogenesis of localized laryngeal amyloidosis. Design.—Three cases of primary localized laryngeal amyloidosis were identified at our institutions from 1980 to 2003. The clinical features and histologic and immunohistochemical patterns were evaluated. Systemic workups were pursued during the long-term follow-up. Results.—The common presentation of the patients was hoarseness. The lesions involved vocal cords, anterior commissure, and ventricle. Microscopically, the amyloid was present within the submucosa with an adjacent lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. The plasma cells and amyloid demonstrated monoclonal light chain restriction in all 3 cases (2 λ, 1 κ). No evidence of systemic amyloidosis or an overt B-cell lymphoma was found in these patients. Two patients with long-term follow-up underwent subsequent surgical removals for multiple recurrences, which occurred within 1 year of the initial diagnosis. Conclusions.—The demonstration of monoclonal light chain expression in the plasmacytic infiltrate and amyloid component in the absence of systemic lymphomas indicates that localized laryngeal amyloidosis may represent a form of benign monoclonal plasma cell dyscrasia. A close follow-up of the patients may be indicated for early detection of recurrences.
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Prasad K. U., Raghavendra, Shreyanka M. Doreswamy, and Manohar S. Ramanaik. "A rare presentation of Intralaryngeal Schwannoma and the study of 50 cases of intralaryngeal Schwannoma from the literature." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 8, no. 11 (2022): 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20222679.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Laryngeal schwannoma is a rare, slow-growing, benign neurogenic tumour usually located in the aryepiglottic folds. The aim is to report a rare case of laryngeal schwannoma and to review 50 cases of a similar entity from the literature in terms of age, sex, presenting symptoms, site, size, the nerve of origin, mode of surgery and outcome.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, in a tertiary care centre along with a review of cases from the literature.<strong> </strong>A detailed description of the case of laryngeal schwannoma in a 20-year-old patient, who presented with difficulty in swallowing, dyspnoea and hoarseness in the voice to the department of otorhinolaryngology will be given. Along with the data on a comprehensive literature search on about 50 cases of laryngeal schwannomas. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of the 50 cases, 54% were females and the majority of the cases were above the age of 55 years. Aryepiglottic folds were the common site of tumours (38%). Other sites where the tumour was found included the false cords, true vocal cords, ventricle, arytenoids, epiglottis, post cricoid region, trachea, and thyroid gland. All cases were treated surgically.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Laryngeal schwannomas are rare, nerve sheath tumours usually located in the supraglottic larynx. The surgical approach depends on the site, size and extent of the tumour. Sparing the parental nerve depends on the size of the tumour and the nerve of origin.</p>
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Pitruzzella, Alessandro, Alberto Fucarino, Michele Domenico Modica, et al. "The Chaperone System in Tumors of the Vocal Cords: Quantity and Distribution Changes of Hsp10, Hsp27, Hsp60, and Hsp90 during Carcinogenesis." Applied Sciences 14, no. 2 (2024): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14020722.
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Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) constitutes a noteworthy subset of head and neck cancers, contributing to about 4.5% of all malignancies. Its clinical behavior and characteristics exhibit variations contingent upon the specific anatomical site affected, with the glottis, supraglottis, and subglottis emerging as the most prevalent locations. Notably, squamous cell carcinoma represents a predominant histological type, accounting for 85% to 95% of all laryngeal cancers. The gender disparity is evident, with a higher incidence among males, exhibiting a ratio of 3.9:1. Moreover, disparities among racial groups are observed, as African American patients tend to manifest the condition at a younger age, coupled with lower overall survival rates compared to their Caucasian, Hispanic, and Asian counterparts. The primary etiological factors implicated in the onset of laryngeal cancer are tobacco and alcohol consumption, with a direct correlation to the intensity and duration of usage. Importantly, the risk diminishes gradually following cessation, necessitating a substantial period of at least 15 years for a return to baseline rates. Given the diverse nature of laryngeal SCC, treatment modalities are tailored based on the specific site and stage of the disease. Therapeutic interventions, such as radiotherapy, transoral laser microsurgery, open horizontal partial laryngectomy, or total laryngectomy, are employed with the overarching goal of preserving organ function. This study delves into the intricate realm of laryngeal SCC, specifically exploring the involvement of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in disease progression. This research meticulously examines the expression levels of Hsp10, Hsp27, Hsp60, and Hsp90 in dysplastic and benign tissue samples extracted from the right vocal cord, utilizing immunohistochemistry analysis. The focal point of the investigation revolves around unraveling the intricate role of these molecular chaperones in tissue differentiation mechanisms and cellular homeostasis, particularly within the inflammatory milieu characteristic of the tumor phenotype. The findings from this study serve as a robust histopathological foundation, paving the way for more in-depth analyses of the underlying mechanisms governing the contribution of the four chaperones to the development of squamous cell carcinoma in the larynx. Additionally, the data gleaned from this research hint at the potential of these four chaperones as valuable biomarkers, not only for diagnostic purposes but also for prognostication and ongoing patient monitoring. As our understanding of the molecular intricacies deepens, the prospect of targeted therapeutic interventions and personalized treatment strategies for laryngeal SCC becomes increasingly promising.
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Blumstein, Daniel T., Gregory A. Bryant, and Peter Kaye. "The sound of arousal in music is context-dependent." Biology Letters 8, no. 5 (2012): 744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2012.0374.
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Humans, and many non-human animals, produce and respond to harsh, unpredictable, nonlinear sounds when alarmed, possibly because these are produced when acoustic production systems (vocal cords and syrinxes) are overblown in stressful, dangerous situations. Humans can simulate nonlinearities in music and soundtracks through the use of technological manipulations. Recent work found that film soundtracks from different genres differentially contain such sounds. We designed two experiments to determine specifically how simulated nonlinearities in soundtracks influence perceptions of arousal and valence. Subjects were presented with emotionally neutral musical exemplars that had neither noise nor abrupt frequency transitions, or versions of these musical exemplars that had noise or abrupt frequency upshifts or downshifts experimentally added. In a second experiment, these acoustic exemplars were paired with benign videos. Judgements of both arousal and valence were altered by the addition of these simulated nonlinearities in the first, music-only, experiment. In the second, multi-modal, experiment, valence (but not arousal) decreased with the addition of noise or frequency downshifts. Thus, the presence of a video image suppressed the ability of simulated nonlinearities to modify arousal. This is the first study examining how nonlinear simulations in music affect emotional judgements. These results demonstrate that the perception of potentially fearful or arousing sounds is influenced by the perceptual context and that the addition of a visual modality can antagonistically suppress the response to an acoustic stimulus.
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Suligavi, Shashidhar S., and Shoeb Alam. "Clinical evaluation of disorders of voice." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 8 (2020): 1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20203208.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Disorders of the voice commonly affect the quality of life of the person. The objective of the study was to find out the incidence and features of disorders of vocal cords presented in the OPD with hoarseness of voice.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A study comprising of 45 cases of hoarseness of voice is carried out in the department of otorhinolaryngology in SNMC Bagalkot between January 2018 to June 2019 to evaluate the disorders of change in voice. A total of 45 patients came to OPD and indirect laryngoscopy was done to the patient and confirmed with flexible fibreoptic examination. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Age of patients ranges between 8-75 years. There was a slight male predominance seen in the study. Housewives (29%) constitutes single largest group followed by farmers (22%), teachers and labourers. Duration ranges from 6 days to 15 years with 64% patients present with more than 3 months of duration. Voice abuse constitutes single largest precipitating factors followed by tobacco and smoking along with gastrolaryngeal reflex. 78% have single habits and 22% have multiple habits.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Maximum no of patients were of infectious group followed by benign lesions and laryngeal palsy.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
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Arsanious, David. "Ultrasound-Guided Phrenic Nerve Block for Intractable Hiccups following Placement of Esophageal Stent for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma." Pain Physician 4;19, no. 4;5 (2016): E653—E656. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj/2019.19.e653.
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Hiccups are actions consisting of sudden contractions of the diaphragm and intercostals followed by a sudden inspiration and transient closure of the vocal cords. They are generally short lived and benign; however, in extreme and rare cases, such as esophageal carcinoma, they can become persistent or intractable, up to and involving significant pain, dramatically impacting the patient’s quality of life. This case involves a 60-year-old man with a known history of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. He was considered to have high surgical risk, and therefore he received palliative care through the use of fully covered metallic esophageal self-expandable stents due to a spontaneous perforated esophagus, after which he developed intractable hiccups and associated mediastinal pain. Conservative treatment, including baclofen, chlorpromazine, metoclopramide, and omeprazole, provided no relief for his symptoms. The patient was referred to pain management from gastroenterology for consultation on pain control. He ultimately received an ultrasound-guided left phrenic nerve block with bupivacaine and depomedrol, and 3 days later underwent the identical procedure on the right phrenic nerve. This led to complete resolution of his hiccups and associated mediastinal pain. At followup, 2 and 4 weeks after the left phrenic nerve block, the patient was found to maintain complete alleviation of the hiccups. Esophageal dilatation and/or phrenic or vagal afferent fiber irritation can be suspected in cases of intractable hiccups secondary to esophageal stenting. Regional anesthesia of the phrenic nerve through ultrasound guidance offers a long-term therapeutic option for intractable hiccups and associated mediastinal pain in selected patients with esophageal carcinoma after stent placement. Key words: Esophageal stent, esophageal stenting, intractable hiccups, intractable singultus, phrenic nerve block, phrenic nerve, ultrasound, palliative care, esophageal carcinoma
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Bhujel, Kriti, Nilanjan Bhowmick, Sachin Gandhi, Harishankar Sharma, and Deepshikha Mishra. "Primary Laryngeal Amyloidosis and CO2 Laser as the Treatment Modality." Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery 29, no. 2 (2021): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47210/bjohns.2021.v29i2.437.
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Introduction Amyloidosis is brought about by intracellular and/or extracellular accumulation of insoluble abnormal amyloid fibrils that alters the normal function of the tissues. Localized laryngeal amyloidosis is a rare disease which lacks long-term follow-up studies. It is prone to recurrence; hence meticulous excision is required. We are doing this study to analyse clinical features of primary laryngeal amyloidosis, the subsites commonly found in, and the effectiveness of CO2 laser as treatment modality. Materials and Methods It is a retrospective study of 13 patients diagnosed as Primary Laryngeal Amyloidosis in between 2005 to 2018, where clinical features, histologic and immuno-histochemical patterns of the patients were evaluated. Systemic amyloidosis was ruled out by the non-appearance of Bence-Jones proteins in urine and serum electrophoresis examination. Systemic workups were pursued during the follow-up. The patients were followed up 3 monthly for the first year, then 6 monthly after that, for 3 years. The last patient who underwent the surgery was in the 2018 and had just finished his 2nd follow up, while the rest have been followed up for 3 years. Results Hoarseness was the most common complaint in all the patients. The subsites most common for amyloid deposition were seen in the true vocal cords followed by supraglottis, anterior commissure, ventricle and the subglottis. Microscopically, the amyloid was deposited within the submucosa surrounded by lymphoplamocytic infiltration. All cases were treated with microlaryngoscopic CO2 Laser excision. With the exception of one patient, the rest had no recurrence. Conclusion Primary Laryngeal Amyloidosis is an uncommon benign disease that has a predisposition for recurrence. With use of CO2 laser as the primary treatment modality, the percentage of recurrence has drastically reduced. Systemic involvement should be ruled out. A frequent follow-up of the patients is desirable for early detection of recurrences. Laser is a novel treatment of laryngeal amyloidosis.
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Liu, Zengjun, Yang Xiao, Jing Xu, and Dongyuan Zhu. "Systemic bevacizumab for aggressive recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: A single center experience of five cases." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (2022): e22005-e22005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e22005.
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e22005 Background: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a human papillomavirus (HPV) driven benign neoplasm, affecting larynx, trachea, and even lung, leading to voice disorders, airway obstruction, and post-obstructive pneumonia. Currently, there is no curative therapy for RRP.Patients require frequent debulking operations for symptomatic palliation. However, several case reports documented promising results on inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by systemic administration of bevacizumab. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical, radiological, and bronchoscopy data of aggressive RRP patients treated with systemic bevacizumab since January 2021. Results: 5 consecutive patients were included. Median age (range) was 8 (4-30), 60% (3/5) were male. The locations of RRP were as follows: localized in the major airway (including vocal cords, larynx, trachea, and main bronchus), n = 1; extensive from major airway to lung parenchyma, n = 4. The median number (range) of local interventions was 8 (2-17) throughout the 12 months prior to bevacizumab treatment. The administration of systemic therapeutic agents, such as HPV vaccine and interferon had been tried in two patients. Bevacizumab was administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg (n = 4) or 7.5 mg/kg (n = 1) intravenously. Treatment intervals were initiated every 2-3 weeks and subsequently extended after achieving the maximum response. The patients received median 6 cycles of bevacizumab (range 4-7). The bevacizumab was given as adjuvant therapy in 2 patients on the 3rd and 5th day after laser operation, and as salvage therapy in the other 3 patients. All patients with major airway RRP displayed improvement in disease burden. No patients required surgery during a medain 7 (range 3-8) months follow up periods after initiating bevacizumab treatment. A rapid response was demonstrated in a patient with long-standing extensive pulmonary disease. Except from mild and transit abdominal pain and hemoptysis in 2 patients, systemic treatment with bevacizumab was well tolerated. Conclusions: Inhibition of VEGF by systemic bevacizumab seems to be a well tolerated and effective treatment option for localized and extensive forms of RRP.
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García, Montserrat, Unax Lertxundi, and Carmelo Aguirre. "Tramadol-induced hiccups: a case–noncase study in the European pharmacovigilance database." Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety 12 (January 2021): 204209862110212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20420986211021230.
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Background: Hiccups are usually benign and self-limiting, but can sometimes be persistent. If left untreated, they can provoke severe discomfort, and even death. Hiccups can be idiopathic, organic, psychogenic, and caused by drugs. Although some case reports have suggested a possible association between tramadol and hiccups, to our knowledge, no study has analyzed this possible relationship. The aim of this study was to analyze whether a disproportionate number of cases of hiccups are reported for tramadol in the EudraVigilance database. Methods: A case–noncase study was conducted to assess the association between hiccups and tramadol, calculating reporting odds ratios (RORs) from 1 January 1995 to 11 September 2020. Cases were selected using the preferred term ‘Hiccups’. The noncases used as controls were all other adverse drug reaction reports recorded in EudraVigilance during the same period. Exposure was defined as exposure to tramadol among cases and noncases. To reduce the risk of confounding by indication, the RORs for tramadol compared with other opioids were obtained. Additionally, we performed a confirmatory analysis in the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database, VigiBase®. Results: There were 3089 cases of hiccups in the 7,213,623 reports. Tramadol was involved in 50 cases. The ROR for tramadol exposure was 3.35 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.53–4.43]. This association persisted when comparing tramadol with other opioids; ROR: 2.13 (95% CI 1.52–2.99). Disproportionality was also observed in VigiBase®: ROR 1.69 (95% CI 1.47–1.93). Conclusion: Our study confirms, for the first time, a possible signal for a tramadol–hiccups association. Nevertheless, observational analytical studies are needed to confirm these results Plain Language Summary Evaluation of the relationship between the tramadol and the risk of hiccups Introduction: Hiccups are sudden involuntary contractions of the diaphragm. This involuntary contraction causes the vocal cords to close very briefly, which produces the characteristic sound of a hiccup. Hiccups are usually benign and self-limiting, but can sometimes be persistent. If left untreated, they can provoke severe discomfort, depression, disability, and in the most extreme cases, even death. Drugs are a rare cause of hiccups. Methods: This study investigated the possible association between tramadol and hiccups (an unmentioned adverse drug reaction in the Summary of Product Characteristics) in the European pharmacovigilance database (EudraVigilance) and a confirming analysis in the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database (VigiBase). Results: Our analysis shows that hiccups is relatively more frequently reported in association with tramadol than with other medicinal products, with EudraVigilance and VigiBase confirming this association. Conclusion: Tramadol is an opioid analgesic indicated, alone or in combination with dexketoprofen or paracetamol for pain with various causes, so healthcare professionals and patients should be aware of this possible association.
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PP, Karishma, Pushpakumari KP, Sujatha S, and Chippy Mohan. "Videostroboscopic Evaluation of Patients with Benign Vocal Cord Lesions Following Micro Laryngeal Surgery in a Tertiary Care Centre." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 8 (2024): 634–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24729145414.
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