Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bénoué, Vallée de la'
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Ngounouno, Ismaïla. "Pétrologie du magmatisme cénozoïque de la Vallée de la Bénoué et du Plateau Kapsiki (nord du Cameroun)." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA060093.
Full textNdembou, Samuel. "Le développement rural dans la plaine de la Bénoué (Cameroun) : changements géographiques et permanence sociale." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010625.
Full textMfewou, Abdoulay. "Migrations, dynamiques agricoles et problèmes fonciers dans le bassin de la Bénoué (Nord Cameroun)." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070073.
Full textFrom 1970s, migratory currents come from Extreme-Nord region, at first organized and supervised by the administration, then free, made the population triple in certain zones of the North-Cameroon region. The density of populating exceeds 20 hab. / km2 today. The migrants had to fill a demographic space and make progress the cotton speculation and the cultures of cereal. However, the space was only visible, because these spaces belonged economically to the breeders and politically to the Fulani lamidats which had conquered them at the beginning of the XIXth century. The migrants, by their massive arrival, questioned the first usage of these spaces, dedicated in breedings, as well as the areas protected from the region of the North. The Lagdo zone, downstream to a dam realized from 1977 till 1982, summarizes all the history of these migrants and the stakes which puts the migratory phenomenon, both on the plan technical and land and political. Through this study of the Migrations, the agricultural dynamics and the land problems in the valley of Benoue ( North-Cameroon), this region served as laboratory to elaborate a local history of the development. The led of investigations was based on knowledge pulled by a population census of Lagdo made by the Mission of Study for the Development of the Superior Valley of the Benoue ( MEAVSB) in 2001. This census had been realized from a sample of 1 507 leaders farms chosen among a population bordering 10 000 inhabitants and located around four villages of the perimeter irrigated by Lagdo (Gounougou, Ouro Doukouje, Bessoum, and Dingale). Our inquiries concerned the same sample of peasant population and were made by three investigators working under our supervision. The data were collected by means of an individual questionnaire concerning the agricultural productions, the migrations and the stakes in the land question. The questionnaire addressed the leaders of exploitation and was thus interested in the social changes during the last four decades. The data analysis was treated with the software SAS (SAS Institute 2004) for the size of the studied population and the quantitative data. It emerges from our results that the creation of the Agro-industrial Society of Benoue (SAIB), in a neuralgic place of the North Cameroon, woke several land conflicts which were in sleep, setting various actors of development (migrants, SAIB, lamido, breeders). This installation of the society provoked the departure of 36 % of the farmers of the zone who found refuge in the nearby villages (Ouro-Labo I and II, Bame, Ngon, Rabinga, Gouna, Mayo Rey). Even after several attempts of mediations driven by the administration through a signed draft agreement and after the mediation brought by convent schools (Moslem, Catholic and Protestant), the SAIB entered in crisis from the first year of its existence and thus knows from its arrival of the difficulties of functioning, driving to a total abandonment of its activities. Agronomically, if these conflicts do not affect the returns on the cultures in field (rice, corn, muskuwari, cotton groundnut, they causes a social turnover among the farmers. The agricultural results are a function of the quantity of registered rains (1 000 mm in 2005), of the earth quality and the factor of productions (seeds, fertilizers, weed-killers, hand of work). The migratory phenomenon provoked mathematically the increase of the surface in the whole of the cotton zone, either 203 020 ha for a production of 220 300 ton cotton-grain and 422 150 ha for a production of dry seeds (sorghum S. P, muskuwari, sorghum with long cycle, corn, groundnut, rice, bean / niebe, vaondzou, soya), or 390 720 tons in the cotton zone. Surfaces cultivated in four studied villages divide up into main cultures (375 ha of rice in rainy season, 265 ha of rice in dry season with 3 500 kg / ha in means, 630 ha of sorghum with 1 200 kg / ha, 475 ha of muskuwari 1 500 kg / ha, 380 ha of corn with 1 500 kg / ha, 310 ha of cotton with 1 600 kg / ha, 125 ha of groundnut with 1 200 kg / ha). The secondary cultures (niebe, sesame, manioc, onion, sweet potato, eggplant) and fruit trees represent only 2 % of the cultivated surfaces. The majority of these products become enlightened in rainy season (from April till October). As a result the production of cereal (600 kg / person / year) is three times superior to the food needs of the populations (200 kg / person / year approximately according to the standards FAO), what explains that a major part of the production rizicole is marketed. It is however far from satisfying the food needs of the region. The prizes of the speculations vary according to the request on the market, that is 16 000 Fcfa for 100 kg of sorghum, 12 000 Fcfa for 100 kg of corn, 32 000 Fcfa for 90 kg of rice, 13 000 Fcfa for 90 kg of muskuwari, 16 000 Fcfa for 100 kg of bean / niebe, 14 000 Fcfa for 100 kg of groundnut. The installation of the migrants in the valley of Benoue shows results of agricultural productions (muskuwari, corn, rice, cotton) very fluctuating from one year to the next, who can be positive or negative. However, the recurring land conflict due to the lack of reassurance in rural zone leaves the farmers in a situation of precariousness and requires one re-form agrarian. But, the hostage taking of the children of breeders and the insecurity of the persons take it on the land problems in the North-Cameroon. This insecurity risks to suffocate economically the region and to become a plague to be eradicated before speaking again development
Mengue-Mbom, Alex. "Projet et réalisation d'un aménagement en région soudano-sahélienne : le cas de Lagdo (Nord-Cameroun)." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040098.
Full textTriboulet, Christine. "Les transformations des paysages du diamare et du bassin de la benoue (nord-cameroun) etude a l'aide de l'imagerie spot." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0341.
Full textThe diamare and the benoue basin in north-cameroon are two areas,where landscapes show the considerable anthopic pressur supported by natural environments. Therefore, this study aims at identifying these landscapes and at following their evo eventually check the processes of plant destruction or soil degradation. The satellite imagery was chosen as a method of and completed with field observations. Physical features and human activities are detalled in order to reveal the region concening crops, landscapes or patterns of soil degradation. . . The data analysis is used to sort out the information, to landscapes and to read the most relevant descriptors for remote sensing studies. The images processings are made up of classifications, which suggest a regional distribution, and a diachronic analysis whose results are interesting concerni of seasonal phenomena. Sketches synthetise informations, localize and show the most dynamic landscapes. The results give adequate estimate of harde soils and wams against their actual increasing number. They also allow to realize the spread o mouskouari fields. From a wider point of view,the images prove their validity for regional observation of wooded and cult and to supervise the degraded soils. The knowledge acquired allowed to try extrapolation to the benoue basin, where they images ability to give rapidly information needed by development projects, particularly in areas without mapping data. Th allowed to acquire a good knowledge of north-cameroon, at different scales. Simultaneously,the data analysis led to the d processing and the selection of relevant descriptors for further studies with similar objectives. Remote sensing proved environmental knowledge,information updating and therefore to be used as part of projets conceming the supervision of de the environlental protection,the renewal of resources in developing countries
Benkhelil, Jean. "Structure et évolution géodynamique du bassin intracontinental de la Bénoué (Nigeria)." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE4055.
Full textBaudin, Philippe. "Le magmatisme mésozoi͏̈que a cénozoi͏̈que du fossé de la Bénoué (Nigéria) : géochronologie, pétrogénèse, cadre géodynamique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX30049.
Full textPiron, Pascale. "Classification interne du groupe bantoïde." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212340.
Full textEl, Farj Housna. "Les mutations socio-spatiales dans une vallée présaharienne du sud marocain : La vallée de Ghéris." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUEL246.
Full textIn Southern Morocco, in a presaharan region, Gheris valley is located between two contrasted spaces, the South slope of oriental High Atlas and the borders of Sahara. This place has been during centuries a country shared between nomadism and sedentary way of life. New conditions appeared a few decades ago; traditional bases of Gherisan society are affected by social, spatial and economic changes. This recent evolution has brought few consequences: interventionism of state, opening of the region (exchanges, scolarity, economy. . . ), emigration, important demographic expansion, desertification, dryness. . . Changes of traditional housing, "the ksar", are reflected the most important social and spatial transformation. This valley shows the complexity of a contrasted situation between ancient and new social and economic uses of space
Chable, Éric. "Les mutations d'une ancienne vallée industrielle : la vallée de la Seine de Paris à Rouen." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040114.
Full textThe Seine's valley is French example of transformation of an old industrial area. Large parts of the economic system have disappeared in front of international competition. One can observe a growing unemployment and derelict zones. .
Oriyomi, Abimbola. "Sédimentologie des formations crétacées de la région de Gombé (bassin de la Bénoué, Nigeria Nord-oriental)." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE4202.
Full textBouzid, Naciba. "Espace et activités au féminin dans une vallée présaharienne du sud marocain : La vallée du Todra." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUEL149.
Full textThe valley of the Todra partake of the regions presahariennes. It is mainly characterized by a hard winter and dry summer. The perception and the practice of the space by the element feminin in the Todra depend on the age, the stature and the activity. Some functionels spaces are invested with predominante manner. Women practise thus the space-habitation in the first, the space-job in the second and the space-leisure in the last. The auter space-all spaces situated beyond the limit of the habitation specially the ksar- is weakly frequented by women such the South-East-Morocco. A feminin work depend widely on the economical situation of the domestic group. The place of the women in the familial economy is proponderant. It is an element active that the society understimate her participation in the econimical life. The depreciation is due to a sexual division of the work. In that traditional universe where the feminine society had a hard traditions, the space and feminin job reflected widely the social statute of Berber women in the South Morocco
Ojoh, Kingsley Antony. "Evolution géodynamique des bassins albo-santoniens du sud-ouest du fossé de la Bénoué (Nigéria) : apports à la connaissance du domaine équatorial de l'Atlantique Sud." Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX3A005.
Full textGiliberti, Luca. "Une vallée frontalière : Parcours néoruraux, mobilisations sociales et solidarité avec les migrants dans la Vallée de la Roya." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ2009.
Full textThis ethnographic research studies a rural valley crossed by the border between Italy and France – the Roya Valley – at the time of the "reception crisis", from 2017 to 2019. The research explores the effects of the “closure” of the political border throught systematic controls and militarization of the area, on the local social fabric. It shows how social boundaries are reconfigured through a study of the relationships between different cultural universes of the population. A network of inhabitants in solidarity with migrants – mostly a neorural population already active in cultural life and in the mobilization of the territory – emerge in the valley. At the same time, another part of the population, mainly made up of native familles de souche, stands up against solidarity actions. This antagonism gives rise to a series of consequences and social conflicts take shape in the territory.In this “social drama” the research analyzes in detail the neorural paths, the pre-existing social mobilizations in the valley and the solidarity with migrants. Drawing on social science literature on migration and borders, as well as rural studies, the research is guided by a series of research questions. What is the link between the commitment to an active rural cultural life, the mobilizations for the defense of the territory and solidarity with migrants stuck at the border? What meaning should be given to the expression “defense of the territory” claimed by various social parties in disagreement with each other ? How are the pre-existing cultural universes of the valley and their social boundaries reoriented ? To what extent and how does the rural characteristic of the valley influence the consequences of the migration question ? How is this universe of solidarity practices taking shape and with wich registers of action ? How do different rural areas, from multiple collective mobilization processes, participate in the processes of local resistance to neoliberal policies ?The method that guided the research is inductive, oriented by these research questions, and developed through an intense ethnographic process, based on immersion in the studied territory, through techniques such as participant observation and collection of oral sources, in particular semi-structured interviews.The originality of the thesis is twofold: in primis, it accounts for the results of research on an effervescent rural territory, at a historic moment when certain marginal places seem to present themselves as scenarios of social and cultural transformation, through mobilizations and alternative life practices, until now little documented in the social science literature. Secondly, in a scenario where more and more sociological studies are taking over the multiplication of borders in Europe, this research observes the phenomenon through the lenses, hitherto little explored, of rural territories
La presente ricerca etnografica studia una valle rurale attraversata dal confine tra la Francia e l’Italia – la Val Roja – al tempo della “crisi dell’accoglienza”, dal 2017 al 2019. La ricerca esplora gli effetti della “chiusura” della frontiera politica su questo territorio, con i controlli sistematici e la militarizzazione, e sul tessuto sociale locale. A partire da uno studio delle relazioni tra i diversi universi culturali della popolazione emergono le modalità con cui le frontiere sociali si riconfigurano. Una rete di abitanti solidale ai migranti – in maggioranza una popolazione neorurale già attiva nella vita culturale e nelle mobilitazioni sul territorio – prende forma nella valle ; contemporaneamente, mentre un’altra parte della popolazione, costituita principalmente dalle native familles de souche, si erge contro le azioni solidali, tale antagonismo genera una serie di conseguenze e di conflitti sociali sul territorio.In questo “dramma sociale” la ricerca analizza nel dettaglio i percorsi neorurali, le mobilitazioni sociali pre-esistenti nella valle e la solidarietà ai migranti. Prendendo le mosse da una letteratura in scienze sociali sulle migrazioni e sui confini, oltreché sugli studi rurali, la ricerca si costruisce su un approccio etnografico, guidato da diverse questioni di ricerca. Qual è il legame tra l’impegno per una vita culturale rurale attiva, le mobilitazioni per la difesa del territorio e la solidarietà ai migranti bloccati in frontiera ? Quale significato dare all’espressione “difesa del territorio”, rivendicata da diverse parti in disaccordo ? Come si riorientano nelle risposte alla questione migratoria gli universi culturali pre-esistenti in valle e le loro frontiere sociali ? In che misura la caratteristica rurale della valle genera un’influenza sulle conseguenze della questione migratoria ? Come prende forma e che con quali registri di azione l’universo delle pratiche solidali? In che maniera diversi territori rurali, a partire da diverse forme di mobilitazione collettiva, stanno partecipando a processi di resistenze locali alle politiche neoliberali ?Il metodo che ha guidato la ricerca è induttivo, orientato da tali questioni di ricerca, e implementato attraverso un intenso processo etnografico, basato sull’immersione nel territorio studiato, attraverso tecniche quali l’osservazione partecipante e la raccolta di fonti orali, in particolare le interviste semi-strutturate.L’originalità del lavoro è duplice: in primis, riporta i risultati di una ricerca su un territorio rurale effervescente, in un momento storico in cui alcuni luoghi di campagna sembrano proporsi come scenari di trasformazione sociale e culturale, attraverso processi di mobilitazione e di alternative di vita ancora poco documentati dalla letteratura in scienze sociali. In secondo luogo, in uno scenario in cui sempre più studi sociologici prendono piede sulla moltiplicazione delle frontiere in Europa, la ricerca osserva il fenomeno attraverso le lenti, finora poco esplorate, dei territori rurali
Oslisly, Richard. "Préhistoire de la moyenne vallée de l'Ogooué (Gabon)." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010563.
Full textThe Ogooue middle valley is a country particularly with a high palaeoclimatic samples and prehistoric remains content. The study of terrace deposits including lithic industries (OSA and MSA), stone-lines with picks (MSA) and clayey recovery with microlithic industry (LSA), provide an approach of the continental quaternary palaeoenvironment. The neolithic stage (3500-2300 bp) is caracterized by the first potters arrival. Since 2500 bp, the bantou metalworkers supplant them and engrave abstract and schematic representations of a rock art
Bessat, Hubert. "Atlas toponymique alpin : Savoie, vallée d'Aoste, Dauphiné, Provence." Grenoble 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE39014.
Full textN'Dir, Massaër. "Possibilités de mécanisation agricole dans le delta du fleuve Sénégal." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38305.
Full textaLau, Leung Mei-Yee. "Industrialisation, révolution et transition : étude comparée de la vallée de la Bièvre et de la vallée de l'Yvette au XVIIIème siècle." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010522.
Full textGelbert, Agnès. "Etude ethnoarchéologique des phénomènes d'emprunts céramiques : enquêtes dans les haute et moyenne vallées du fleuve Sénégal (Sénégal)." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100057.
Full textAlhamawi, Mahmoud. "Sédimentologie, pétrographie sédimentaire et diagenèse des calcaires du crétacé supérieur de la marge ibérique, vallée d'Ossau, vallée d'Aspe, Haute Chaîne, Pyrénées Atlantiques." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10552.
Full textPineda, Quevedo José. "L'aménagement du territoire dans la Vallée du Moche au Pérou de la sédentarisation au XVIème siècle : les enseignements d'une lecture spatiale sur la vie des sociétés préhispaniques." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030080.
Full textThis work investigates the link between natural space and space rceived by man. It focuse on a coastal valley of the North desert of Peru, during the pre-Colombian period of the town and country planning. It analyses separately the qualities of the oasis, the settling process of the first inhabitants and it deciphers the forms of the monumental architecture as well as the urban typologies. The author studies the principles which have governed space organisation, the everstanding elements and the dynamics in action. Spatial analyse proves the integration of a nature regarded as sacred and how no external intervention occurred before the Spaniards came
Amadou, Ide Oumarou. "Préhistoire dans la vallée de la Mekrou (Niger méridional)." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010675.
Full textFrom the identical excavations in the middle valley of the Mekrou emerge the richness of a Sahel region, in which ancient human occupation remained for a long time unknown. All periods are represented, in a long sequence which seems uninterrupted from the acheulaen period to the subactual, passing through the recent paleolithic, the neolithic and the appearance of iron metallurgy. The paleogeographic study, including stone industries, offer a quaternary paleoenvironnemental approch to the region. The sufficiently elevated density of sites paleolithic as well as neolithic, along the length of the river Mekrou, denotes the importance of the populating of the region for which the climatic conditions, remaining favorable up to a recent period, allowed a signifiant prehistoric human occupation. The Mekrou valley subscribes to a morphology of tablelands in the karstic evolution where one may observe basins formed by subsidences linked a process of profound kaolinization of socle. One sees the appearence of sedimentary ruptures, caused by iron broken stones, in which one finds the artifacts of human occupation. The investigations in this region has succeeded in establishing a chronotypological, chronostratigraphical and statistical frame. The industries attributable to the recent acheulaen period appear in the stony sheet, at the base of which outcrop, at the some time, the current level of the mekrou. It is caracterized by bifaces and numerous bolas. Hatchets are rare. The middle paleolithic, better allocated, is recognised in various places in the different basins. It is composed of objects in different conditions, depending on what length of time they have been exposed to the open air. All of the objects come from the second stone sheet. The material is caracterized by numerous levallois flakes, the importance accorded to small flakes and strips, retouched flakes, discoid nucleus, and also by the presence at certain sites of circular scrapers. The recent paleolithic, the neolithic, as well as the historic occupations are nixed in the superior broken stone, whether or not the current surface is covered with a deposit of eolian sand
Bhiry, Najat. "Formations quaternaires de la vallée moyenne du Souss (Maroc)." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066679.
Full textPrégent, André. "Sédimentologie de la basse vallée de la Gatineau, Québec." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5677.
Full textSaleh, Adam. "Un modèle et son revers : la cogestion des réserves de biosphère de Waza et de la Bénoué dans le Nord-Cameroun." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808569.
Full textBessong, Moïse. "Paléoenvironnements et diagénèse dans un réservoir gréseux d'âge crétacé du Fossé de la Bénoué au Nord Cameroun : les grès de Garoua." Poitiers, 2012. http://theses.univ-poitiers.fr/16862/2012-Bessong-Moise-These.pdf.
Full textThe Benue Basin is the northern bifurcated extremity of the Golf of Guinea. The Gongola arm extends into Niger, while the Yola arm prolongs into the Cameroonian Territory aligned with present existing sedimentary buttes (Garoua sandstones) protruding on either side of the Benue River. Little work has previously as been carried out with regards to its reservoir importance. Meanwhile, neither lithological, diagenetic nor deformation of these sandstones been studied. Faciological study, petrography, mineralogy and geochemistry have led on one hand in order to rebuild paleoenvironments of deposits based on information derived from the lithological succession, to characterize the different terrigenous sources with the aim to evaluate the intensity of chemical weathering processes that have affected these sandstones since their sedimentation, and finally, on the other hand to develop an inventory of events and major diagenetic processes. These include well consolidated, planar cross-stratified wacke, arkosic wacke and mudstone coming from mature and immature continental blocks and recycled orogenic formations. These facies are consolidated to cross-bedding and / or oblique with alternating coarse and fine levels often interspersed by thicker beds of conglomerates in channels. Thin argillaceous beds are found interbedded with coarsed-grained sandstones. The most frequent sediment clasts constitute quartz, feldspars and basement fragments within conglomerates. The phenocrysts are quite often sub-rounded, while smaller clasts are often angular to subangular (heteroclastic). Quartz and potassic feldspars (microcline with polysynthetic twins is still visible in some cases) are widespread in some sedimentary butte vestiges, while feldspars in other cases exist as traces. The series is cross-cut by volcanic rocks and magmatic intrusions. These sandstones are deposited unconformably on a granitic basement that is visible at ‘Hossere’ Tinguelin found in the northern part of the basin. The lithofacies described here depict fluviatile-type of palaeoenvironments. The diagenetic events diagnosed from petrographic studies incorporate compaction, cementation (authigenic carbonate and silica), dissolution of feldspars, transformation and neoformation of some clay minerals (Kaolin and Illite) and fracturing. The presence of iron oxy-hydroxides within some facies and along microfractures, quartz overgrowth and hematite attests the circulation of palaeofluids within the sediments during diagenesis. Analysis of major, minor and trace elements show that Garoua sandstones were fueled by acidic or felsic rocks products coming vi from granite and gneissic basement belonging to a passive margin and have given wackes, arkoses, litharénites and ferruginous sandstone passed through by hot fluids during diagenesis The occurrence of interstitial calcite, silica and hematite has greatly contributed in the reduction of primary porosity. The dissolution of feldspars, corrosion of quartz and fractures has enhanced secondary porosity and neo-formation of kaolinite. The occurrence of smectite within the volcanic areas shows a possible link with volcanism. Neoformation of illites from kaolinites and the appearance of dickite reveal a higher diagenetic intensity. More of quartz with planar, convexo-concave to more or less stylolithic grain contacts compared to the absence of feldspars that have totally been dissolved or transformed in some formations shows that the Garoua Sandstones have attained a higher stage of diagenesis prior to a new diagenetic phase of exhumation with the phenomenon of oxidation and generalized kaolintisation. These observations support the hypothesis of a considerable burial depth with an average geothermal gradient at temperatures close to 1000C
Baldé, Mamadou Lamarana. "L'aménagement des périmètres intermédiaires de la moyenne vallée du fleuve Sénégal (rive gauche) : bilan et perspectives." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20085.
Full textMbow, Thierno Idrissa. "Représentations sociales et construction de l'identité paysanne : Dynamique des représentations de la richesse et de la pauvreté chez les paysans du Delta du fleuve Sénégal." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA111004.
Full textCoudart, Anick. "Architecture et société : uniformité et variabilité, fonction et style de l'architecture du néolithique danubien." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010521.
Full textLe, Drezen Yann. "Dynamiques des paysages de la vallée du Yamé depuis 4 000 ans : Contribution à la compréhension d'un géosystème soudano-sahélien (Ounjougou, Pays dogon, Mali)." Caen, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348161.
Full textWazi, Nandefo. "Le crétacé du Roumois (Vallée de l'Oison) et le tertiaire-quaternaire des régions voisines de la basse vallée de la Seine : stratigraphie et tectonique." Rouen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ROUES030.
Full textBrunel, Christine. "Etude entomocoenotique le long d'un transect culture - coteau calcaire - vallée humide à la chaussée-Tirancourt (Vallée de la Somme) : répartition spatio-temporelle du peuplement." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10074.
Full textNtsama, Atangana Jacqueline. "Magnétostratigraphie et sédimentologie des formations crétacées des bassins sédimentaires d'Hamakoussou et du Mayo Oulo-Léré au Nord-Cameroun (Fossé de la Bénoué)." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2297/document.
Full textHamakoussou and Mayo Oulo-Léré sedimentary basins are extension of the executive branch of East-West Yola Benue Trough, whose formation is related to the opening of the South Atlantic from the dislocation of Gondwana, in the Cameroonian territory. An age range of lower Cretaceous to Barremian-Hauterivian limit has been assigned based on biochronological studies. The sedimentary sequence in both basins is composed upward finnings fluivial to fluviolacustrine deposits. The deposits present an alternation of fine grained sandstone, siltstone and mudstone overlying coarse sandstone which is underlain by micro-conglomerate to conglomerate facies at the base.A magnetostratigraphic study has been carried out on a fine sediments in the upper part of each sections. 50 samples from about 69.03 m thickness, were collected from 11 sites at Djallou and 78 samples, about 511.03 m thickness, were collected from 20 sites at Ourokessoum localities in the Hamakoussou basin ; and 116 samples, about 478.19 m thickness, collected from 45 sites at Tchontchi locality in the Mayo Oulo-Lere basin.Specimens subjected to progressive alternating field and thermal demagnetization show that the sedimentary sequences have a primary magnetization. The directions of magnetization indicate a regional tectonic marked by a rotation and translation block. Rock magnetic investigations reveal the presence of both high and low coercivity minerals. A sequence of three polarities was determined along each section of the Hamakoussou basin: one reversal polarity and two normal polarities, whereas two polarities: (normal and a reversal) were determined along Mayo section in the Mayo Oulo-Lere basin The three polarities sequences from the two sections from Hamakoussou basin are correlated with M1 and M3 Chrons and suggest an age between 125 and 128, 11 My. While the two polarities sequences from the Mayo Oulo-Lere basin are correlated with M1 Chron, and suggest an age between 125 and 127.61 My. The sedimentation rates of Hamakoussou basin deposits vary between 5.5 cm/kyr and 40.88 cm/kyr and 38.26 cm/kyr in the section of Mayo Oulo-Lere basin
Cupillard, Christophe. "Le Mésolithique et le début du Néolithique dans la haute Vallée du Doubs : contextes, mouvement des recherches et bilan stratigraphique." Besançon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BESA1013.
Full textThe drainage basin of the upper Doubs valley stretches over 910 km2 in central Jura, between Switzerland and France. The area is clearly karstic, and comprises many lacustrine and palustrine formations whose fillings provided essential data to assess the environmental conditions and the evolution of prehistoric societies during Tardiglacial and the beginning of Holocene. We present here a revision of the prehistoric peopling based on the study of pollen evidences gathered on 18 references sites and on the data provided by the archaeological excavations of « la Roche aux Pêcheurs » and « les Prés Mourey » (Villers-le-Lac, France) and « le Col des Roches » (Le Locle, Switzerland). The earlier human settlements following the würm glacier melt can be dated to the Azilian, at the beginning of the Alleröd 12000 to 11500 cal BC. The peopling of the area starts again around 7500 cal CB. Five stages were mainly recognised between 7500 to 3900 cal BC, they document the end of the Mesolithic and the beginning of the Neolithic : Stage 1 is middle Mesolithic, end of the VIIIth millenium cal BC ; Stage 2 is late Mesolithic, 6700 to 6500 cal BC ; Stage 3 is final Mesolithic 1 between 6000 to 5300 cal BC ; Stage 4 is final Mesolithic 2 or early Neolithic, 5300 to 4900 cal BC ; Stage 5 is middle Neolithic (Saint-Uze Style) between 4900 and 3900 cal BC
Ali, Mahamadou. "Irrigation et développement agricole : les périmètres irrigués rizicoles de la vallée du fleuve Niger (au Niger)." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON10036.
Full textThe recent droughts in niger have demonstrated the fragility of the traditional productive system. That is why an hydro-agricultural realizations policy has been set up to allow the lands development of the river niger valley by irrigation and exclusively for the needs of the rice graving practised in bi-annual production. This hydro-agricultural realization policy has been accompanies, ont the beginning of the eighties by a disengagement of the state, by the transfer of a certain number of fonctions first headed up by the managerial staff (the uncc), then the onaha, to the producers, farmers organized in cooperatives. This rice-output cooperatives have played a very important part in the success of these irrigated perimeters, organizing brillianthy the ploughing and the primary commercialization of the production. The agronomical results are also excellent (around 9 tons ha yearly). Moreover there is an impetus effect on the traditional production system facilitating the access to several factors of production (fertilizers, animal husbandry, motor driven pumps) but all these good results do not hide a certain number of problems particularly linked to the commercialization of the production, to the lack of agricultural credit and the training of producers and their cooperatives
Popoff, Michel. "Déformation intracontinentale Gondwanienne : rifting mézoique en Afrique : évolution meso-cénozoique du fossé de la Bénoué, Nigéria : relations avec l'ouverture de l'Océan Atlantique Sud." Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX3A002.
Full textJacquemond, Joseph. "La révolution industrielle dans la vallée de l'Ondaine, 1815-1914." Saint-Etienne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STET2018.
Full textDue to presence of coal, water power, skilled plentiful workmen, this valley, located in the south west of Saint-Etienne and expanding on about 100 km2, became in the early vanguard of French metallurgy and mining. In 1815 an Englishman Jackson and few years later, an Alsacian born Holtzer introduce steel making in the valley. But during the first half of the 19th century, general development is slow and the valley remains mainly an agricultural area. The second half of the 19th century is the period of mushrooming expansion. Coal mining remains the most important activity of the valley. But metallurgy is practically so important with three plants, featuring, among the leading. French companies of steel production, also manufacturing heavy mecanic speciallly war material. Bolt making and file making become another caracterical production of the valley. This expansion has been made possible thanks to the development of rail road. To this economical growth corresponds fundamental transformation in minds and standards of life. Legalization of trade union allows the working class to promote coalition, while the employeers attempt to limit
Chartier, Michèle. "Étude des paléoenvironnements de la vallée de l'Aisne à l'holocène." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070132.
Full textThis study comes as the contribution to pluridisciplinary. The project vhom subject is the natural surrounding of middle valley in oceanic conditions at holocene period. We intend to represent the inter-relations between protohistorical communauties and their environment through investigations within and without archeological sites. We aim to show that this area has remained very stable since the begining of the holocene period : the aisne river -a majeur hydrological axe- rapidly flowed back into its present talweg and no digressing channel or over flowing silt has been observed beyond the present inondation zone. However, important modifications of the sand sediments at the late weichselien, hamper the legibility of archeological structures. The balance -erosion sedimentation- in secondary valleys shows that the first records of anthropic impact date from the chalcolitic age and preceed period of intense landclearing at the iron age and the roman and medieval periods. This finding collaborate hypothesis of archeologues. The micromorphological studies of anthropogenic sediments leads of to distinguisch certains caracteristics of ancient anthropological pratices on neolitic sites such the frequent burning of land which gives sediments its black hue, for a long time, attributed to the pedological evolution. At the end of this investigations, microaeras of work and pattern have been defined. Middling time, data will be integrate into a regional geographical information system
Bouzou, Moussa Ibrahim. "L'Erosion dans la vallée de Keita (Adar Niger) : contribution géomorphologique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE19028.
Full textAdar is a sahelian region with a semi-arid climate. Situated in the iulliminden basin, this region is also a plateau covered by a ferruginous cuirass. The population is concentraded in the valleys. The result of demographic pression and natural constraints is ecological instability. This dissertation studies erosion in the keita valley and aims to ameliorate traditional antierosive fight methods ; in order to engage the peasants in the fight against the degradation of the environment
Faga, Murilo Tadeu Werneck. "Rayonnement solaire et turbidité atmosphérique dans une vallée alpine industrielle." Grenoble INPG, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPG0106.
Full textBernard, Roigt Martine. "La fabrique des territoires productifs, l’exemple du SPL Mecanic Vallée." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10044/document.
Full textThis PhD dissertation analyses the links between the Mecanic Vallée actors and its territory. This territory developed thanks to the policy of the DATAR Local Productive Systems in the late 90s. It was supported by the incitement and developement public policies granted by the state in the 80s in the institutional context of decentralization.The territory is a restricted area extending over three French Departments (Lot, Aveyron, Corrèze).The actors the analysis is concerned with are the ones who took part in the creation of the Mecanic Vallée SPL (local politicians, industrialists) and those who broke into the political arena (CGT local unionists).First, the dissertation analyses the making of the Mecanic Vallée territory through the prism of the tranformations of public policies. Through a historical perspective, it highlights the evolution of land-use public policies at the centre of which industry has a structural impact . It examines the effects of the territorialization of the economy and the state which made possible the creation of a new productive configuration for disadvantaged rural territories, either endowed with little industry or which experienced major industrial crises and a deep social history. This approach allows us to look at a public policy implementation from below. It highlights the role of not only the grassroots but also the local political leadership. The dissertation draws upon research in Sociology of public action and public policies. Then, the dissertation follows an approach focused on the actors and, to be specific, on the way CGT unionists see this new economic and social reality in the Mecanic Vallée steel factories. We may therefore wonder if it represents a change in the social reality as well as in future social relationships within the territory. Scrutinizing not only this new productive configuration but also the union practices reveals the roots, challenges, and limits of a unionist attempt to adapt and build an appropriate response to a new situation. This dissertation questions CGT unionists' roles and motivations through their personal experience and their trajectories as activists. This dissertation finally highlights how these unionists’ approach actually challenges the way the CGT Union addresses the economic territorialization and state issues
Giunta, Alexandre. "Les francos dans la vallée de l'Ebre ( XIeme-XIIe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040101/document.
Full textIn the 11th and 12th centuries, populations from the other side of the Pyrenees came to settle down in the north Iberian peninsula. The Ebro valley was welcoming area for these men whose sources and historiography called francos. This topic has been studied by Marcelin Défourneaux in a famous book: Les Français en Espagne aux XIe-XIIe siècles (1949). Sixty years later, the evolution of the ressearch justifies this work. The first difficulty will be to define francos. With regard to sources, this terme denotes as well the free person as that the one coming from the north of the Pyrenees. The dynamics of exchange were determined to a large extent, though informally, by knights, churchmen, merchants, craftsmen, pilgrims and others travellers. The kings of Aragon and Navarre entrusted some migrants with the running of territories and goods. We will discuss this migration and analyze the steps of this process and the conditions on which it had been achieved. Migration from the North intensified in the eleventh and the twelfth centuries, when pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela became a mass movement. We shall emphasize its role before discussing what was at stake in the transpyrenean relationships, the settlement ofterritories conquered by Christians and the war against the Muslims. Thanks to onomastics, we will consider the presence of foreigners in the towns and its relations with the local communities. With the migration of francos to Aragon and Navarre, a change took place in that region’s approach to architectural and artistic tradition
Faleh, Ali. "Les Pays du Sebou prérifain (Maroc) : étude géomorphologique." Tours, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOUR4506.
Full textThe geomorphologic study of prerifain lands of sebou consists of analysing the characteristic of forms and of quaternary formations and the actual morphodynamic manifestations. Three generations of settlings rise in tiers or encase above the actual level of sebou river. The ancient siliceous quaternary is put in place by the ancient channel of ouerrha. The middle quaternary is characterised by an encrusting and deformation of level 5 materials. The originality of the recent quaternary resides in the absence of the "rubefaction" of settlings of level 2 and the strong altering of materials of level 1. The predominance of soft rocks, the irregularity of climatic risks and the intensity of the use of earth over the excessive down grounds, favor the releasing of certain erosive process and accelarate others
Challet, Virginie. "Les techniques ornementales des artisans-bijoutiers celtes du cours supérieur et moyen du Rhin aux IVe et IIIe siècles av. J. -C. : les bijoux émaillés celtes, signe d'excellence ?" Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010566.
Full textCeltic craftsmen were the first in europe ot master enamel-workings ; from about the IVth century B. C. , they developped and perfected this art. This study, devoted to all decorative techniques used at that time, aims to give a better understanding of celtic craftsmenship. From a close study of the jewels (exclusively found in cemeteries), the results seem evident : decorative arts were changings. During the IVth century B. C. , materials requiring the use of fire as iron, bronze and glass are considerably increasing while the use of natural materials as amber, jet and coral are definitely falling down. At the same time, new typs of torcs and fibulae appeared ; some of them are enameled and all these objects are well decorated with special patterns, coming partly from the mediterranean world. These jewels are worn by the upper class of the celtic society. Finaly, the main result concerns the expansion of these finds. Most of them were found along the upper part of the rhine valley, up to the Tessin region, opening the way to north Italy. Some of them were discovered further, in austria and in the Carpathian basin. At the beginning of the ivth century B. C. , the celts were invading italy, moving to cisalpine region with their own craftsmen and technics and mixing with italic people. They were also beginning to move to east : in both cases, materials and techniques identifie cultural groups, showing their capacity of innovation
Roitel, V. "Végétation et action de l'homme du Natoufien au Néolithique acéramique dans le Haut-Euphrate syrien." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20145.
Full textSilva, Newton José Rodrigues da. "Dynamiques de développement de la pisciculture et politiques publiques dans la Vallée du Riberia (Sao Paulo) et la Haute vallée de l'Itajai (Santa Catarina), Brésil." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NSARH060.
Full textOur study aims at understantind the relationships between public policies and freshwater fish aquaculture within the Ribeira watershed and the higher watershed of Itaja (Brazil). The theoretical framework lies on public policies evaluation, local innovative system and sociology of translation. The methodology takes advantage of official documents, newspapers, intervews of key stakeholders and surveys through questionnaires; Trajectories of aquaculture together with territories occupation ard described and analysed synchronically. Aquaculture dynamics are described by referring to a local innovative system integrating four poles of competency (production , traingin, science and financing) that can be assimilated to a socio-technical network. This tudy confirms our assuption : the ability of fish aquaculture is determined by the interaction between the four poles and public policies. The on-going dynamics of these interactions is crucial to make these activites sustainable
Baudouin, Harry. "La céramique de Yagul, Oaxaca, Mexique : relecture d'un site "postclassique"." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010660.
Full textBastos, Lage Lorène. "Analyse de la déforestation par télédétection spatiale dans l'Etat de Rondonia (Brésil)." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30040.
Full textTayab, Yassamine. "Les associations d'habitants dans la gestion et l'aménagement de l'espace : cas du val-Maubuée." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010626.
Full textFollowing the development of the new town Marne-la-Vallée, the population of the rural districts of its second sector Val-Maubuée has undergone significant changes. The arrival of the newcomers has largely changed the social balance of these districts and consequently has brought changes to the municipal team. However, the role of the inhabitants to determine the spatial policies go far beyond their participation in the elections. The local associations come into existance increasingly in order to ameliorate the conditions of living for the inhabitants of the new town. The present research looks at the role of these associations in the spatial organisation and development. Three types of associations can be identified in val-maubuee according to their themes and actions : associations for the defence of inhabitants and their living conditions, the associations of local sociability and integration and finally the managerial associations. (the paramunicipal and the self responsible citizens associations). A comparative and contrasting study of these associations allows one to define their role in the management and development of the space within the six districts of Val-Maubuée
Briand, Bernard. "Caractérisation des métamagmatites en domaine profond et reconnaissance des sites géotectoniques : exemple du complexe leptyno-amphibolique de la vallée du Lot (Massif Central français)." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO19039.
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