Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bénoué'
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Benkhelil, Jean. "Structure et évolution géodynamique du bassin intracontinental de la Bénoué (Nigeria)." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE4055.
Full textMfewou, Abdoulay. "Migrations, dynamiques agricoles et problèmes fonciers dans le bassin de la Bénoué (Nord Cameroun)." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070073.
Full textFrom 1970s, migratory currents come from Extreme-Nord region, at first organized and supervised by the administration, then free, made the population triple in certain zones of the North-Cameroon region. The density of populating exceeds 20 hab. / km2 today. The migrants had to fill a demographic space and make progress the cotton speculation and the cultures of cereal. However, the space was only visible, because these spaces belonged economically to the breeders and politically to the Fulani lamidats which had conquered them at the beginning of the XIXth century. The migrants, by their massive arrival, questioned the first usage of these spaces, dedicated in breedings, as well as the areas protected from the region of the North. The Lagdo zone, downstream to a dam realized from 1977 till 1982, summarizes all the history of these migrants and the stakes which puts the migratory phenomenon, both on the plan technical and land and political. Through this study of the Migrations, the agricultural dynamics and the land problems in the valley of Benoue ( North-Cameroon), this region served as laboratory to elaborate a local history of the development. The led of investigations was based on knowledge pulled by a population census of Lagdo made by the Mission of Study for the Development of the Superior Valley of the Benoue ( MEAVSB) in 2001. This census had been realized from a sample of 1 507 leaders farms chosen among a population bordering 10 000 inhabitants and located around four villages of the perimeter irrigated by Lagdo (Gounougou, Ouro Doukouje, Bessoum, and Dingale). Our inquiries concerned the same sample of peasant population and were made by three investigators working under our supervision. The data were collected by means of an individual questionnaire concerning the agricultural productions, the migrations and the stakes in the land question. The questionnaire addressed the leaders of exploitation and was thus interested in the social changes during the last four decades. The data analysis was treated with the software SAS (SAS Institute 2004) for the size of the studied population and the quantitative data. It emerges from our results that the creation of the Agro-industrial Society of Benoue (SAIB), in a neuralgic place of the North Cameroon, woke several land conflicts which were in sleep, setting various actors of development (migrants, SAIB, lamido, breeders). This installation of the society provoked the departure of 36 % of the farmers of the zone who found refuge in the nearby villages (Ouro-Labo I and II, Bame, Ngon, Rabinga, Gouna, Mayo Rey). Even after several attempts of mediations driven by the administration through a signed draft agreement and after the mediation brought by convent schools (Moslem, Catholic and Protestant), the SAIB entered in crisis from the first year of its existence and thus knows from its arrival of the difficulties of functioning, driving to a total abandonment of its activities. Agronomically, if these conflicts do not affect the returns on the cultures in field (rice, corn, muskuwari, cotton groundnut, they causes a social turnover among the farmers. The agricultural results are a function of the quantity of registered rains (1 000 mm in 2005), of the earth quality and the factor of productions (seeds, fertilizers, weed-killers, hand of work). The migratory phenomenon provoked mathematically the increase of the surface in the whole of the cotton zone, either 203 020 ha for a production of 220 300 ton cotton-grain and 422 150 ha for a production of dry seeds (sorghum S. P, muskuwari, sorghum with long cycle, corn, groundnut, rice, bean / niebe, vaondzou, soya), or 390 720 tons in the cotton zone. Surfaces cultivated in four studied villages divide up into main cultures (375 ha of rice in rainy season, 265 ha of rice in dry season with 3 500 kg / ha in means, 630 ha of sorghum with 1 200 kg / ha, 475 ha of muskuwari 1 500 kg / ha, 380 ha of corn with 1 500 kg / ha, 310 ha of cotton with 1 600 kg / ha, 125 ha of groundnut with 1 200 kg / ha). The secondary cultures (niebe, sesame, manioc, onion, sweet potato, eggplant) and fruit trees represent only 2 % of the cultivated surfaces. The majority of these products become enlightened in rainy season (from April till October). As a result the production of cereal (600 kg / person / year) is three times superior to the food needs of the populations (200 kg / person / year approximately according to the standards FAO), what explains that a major part of the production rizicole is marketed. It is however far from satisfying the food needs of the region. The prizes of the speculations vary according to the request on the market, that is 16 000 Fcfa for 100 kg of sorghum, 12 000 Fcfa for 100 kg of corn, 32 000 Fcfa for 90 kg of rice, 13 000 Fcfa for 90 kg of muskuwari, 16 000 Fcfa for 100 kg of bean / niebe, 14 000 Fcfa for 100 kg of groundnut. The installation of the migrants in the valley of Benoue shows results of agricultural productions (muskuwari, corn, rice, cotton) very fluctuating from one year to the next, who can be positive or negative. However, the recurring land conflict due to the lack of reassurance in rural zone leaves the farmers in a situation of precariousness and requires one re-form agrarian. But, the hostage taking of the children of breeders and the insecurity of the persons take it on the land problems in the North-Cameroon. This insecurity risks to suffocate economically the region and to become a plague to be eradicated before speaking again development
Ndembou, Samuel. "Le développement rural dans la plaine de la Bénoué (Cameroun) : changements géographiques et permanence sociale." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010625.
Full textBaudin, Philippe. "Le magmatisme mésozoi͏̈que a cénozoi͏̈que du fossé de la Bénoué (Nigéria) : géochronologie, pétrogénèse, cadre géodynamique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX30049.
Full textPiron, Pascale. "Classification interne du groupe bantoïde." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212340.
Full textOriyomi, Abimbola. "Sédimentologie des formations crétacées de la région de Gombé (bassin de la Bénoué, Nigeria Nord-oriental)." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE4202.
Full textOjoh, Kingsley Antony. "Evolution géodynamique des bassins albo-santoniens du sud-ouest du fossé de la Bénoué (Nigéria) : apports à la connaissance du domaine équatorial de l'Atlantique Sud." Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX3A005.
Full textNgounouno, Ismaïla. "Pétrologie du magmatisme cénozoïque de la Vallée de la Bénoué et du Plateau Kapsiki (nord du Cameroun)." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA060093.
Full textMengue-Mbom, Alex. "Projet et réalisation d'un aménagement en région soudano-sahélienne : le cas de Lagdo (Nord-Cameroun)." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040098.
Full textSaleh, Adam. "Un modèle et son revers : la cogestion des réserves de biosphère de Waza et de la Bénoué dans le Nord-Cameroun." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808569.
Full textBessong, Moïse. "Paléoenvironnements et diagénèse dans un réservoir gréseux d'âge crétacé du Fossé de la Bénoué au Nord Cameroun : les grès de Garoua." Poitiers, 2012. http://theses.univ-poitiers.fr/16862/2012-Bessong-Moise-These.pdf.
Full textThe Benue Basin is the northern bifurcated extremity of the Golf of Guinea. The Gongola arm extends into Niger, while the Yola arm prolongs into the Cameroonian Territory aligned with present existing sedimentary buttes (Garoua sandstones) protruding on either side of the Benue River. Little work has previously as been carried out with regards to its reservoir importance. Meanwhile, neither lithological, diagenetic nor deformation of these sandstones been studied. Faciological study, petrography, mineralogy and geochemistry have led on one hand in order to rebuild paleoenvironments of deposits based on information derived from the lithological succession, to characterize the different terrigenous sources with the aim to evaluate the intensity of chemical weathering processes that have affected these sandstones since their sedimentation, and finally, on the other hand to develop an inventory of events and major diagenetic processes. These include well consolidated, planar cross-stratified wacke, arkosic wacke and mudstone coming from mature and immature continental blocks and recycled orogenic formations. These facies are consolidated to cross-bedding and / or oblique with alternating coarse and fine levels often interspersed by thicker beds of conglomerates in channels. Thin argillaceous beds are found interbedded with coarsed-grained sandstones. The most frequent sediment clasts constitute quartz, feldspars and basement fragments within conglomerates. The phenocrysts are quite often sub-rounded, while smaller clasts are often angular to subangular (heteroclastic). Quartz and potassic feldspars (microcline with polysynthetic twins is still visible in some cases) are widespread in some sedimentary butte vestiges, while feldspars in other cases exist as traces. The series is cross-cut by volcanic rocks and magmatic intrusions. These sandstones are deposited unconformably on a granitic basement that is visible at ‘Hossere’ Tinguelin found in the northern part of the basin. The lithofacies described here depict fluviatile-type of palaeoenvironments. The diagenetic events diagnosed from petrographic studies incorporate compaction, cementation (authigenic carbonate and silica), dissolution of feldspars, transformation and neoformation of some clay minerals (Kaolin and Illite) and fracturing. The presence of iron oxy-hydroxides within some facies and along microfractures, quartz overgrowth and hematite attests the circulation of palaeofluids within the sediments during diagenesis. Analysis of major, minor and trace elements show that Garoua sandstones were fueled by acidic or felsic rocks products coming vi from granite and gneissic basement belonging to a passive margin and have given wackes, arkoses, litharénites and ferruginous sandstone passed through by hot fluids during diagenesis The occurrence of interstitial calcite, silica and hematite has greatly contributed in the reduction of primary porosity. The dissolution of feldspars, corrosion of quartz and fractures has enhanced secondary porosity and neo-formation of kaolinite. The occurrence of smectite within the volcanic areas shows a possible link with volcanism. Neoformation of illites from kaolinites and the appearance of dickite reveal a higher diagenetic intensity. More of quartz with planar, convexo-concave to more or less stylolithic grain contacts compared to the absence of feldspars that have totally been dissolved or transformed in some formations shows that the Garoua Sandstones have attained a higher stage of diagenesis prior to a new diagenetic phase of exhumation with the phenomenon of oxidation and generalized kaolintisation. These observations support the hypothesis of a considerable burial depth with an average geothermal gradient at temperatures close to 1000C
Ntsama, Atangana Jacqueline. "Magnétostratigraphie et sédimentologie des formations crétacées des bassins sédimentaires d'Hamakoussou et du Mayo Oulo-Léré au Nord-Cameroun (Fossé de la Bénoué)." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2297/document.
Full textHamakoussou and Mayo Oulo-Léré sedimentary basins are extension of the executive branch of East-West Yola Benue Trough, whose formation is related to the opening of the South Atlantic from the dislocation of Gondwana, in the Cameroonian territory. An age range of lower Cretaceous to Barremian-Hauterivian limit has been assigned based on biochronological studies. The sedimentary sequence in both basins is composed upward finnings fluivial to fluviolacustrine deposits. The deposits present an alternation of fine grained sandstone, siltstone and mudstone overlying coarse sandstone which is underlain by micro-conglomerate to conglomerate facies at the base.A magnetostratigraphic study has been carried out on a fine sediments in the upper part of each sections. 50 samples from about 69.03 m thickness, were collected from 11 sites at Djallou and 78 samples, about 511.03 m thickness, were collected from 20 sites at Ourokessoum localities in the Hamakoussou basin ; and 116 samples, about 478.19 m thickness, collected from 45 sites at Tchontchi locality in the Mayo Oulo-Lere basin.Specimens subjected to progressive alternating field and thermal demagnetization show that the sedimentary sequences have a primary magnetization. The directions of magnetization indicate a regional tectonic marked by a rotation and translation block. Rock magnetic investigations reveal the presence of both high and low coercivity minerals. A sequence of three polarities was determined along each section of the Hamakoussou basin: one reversal polarity and two normal polarities, whereas two polarities: (normal and a reversal) were determined along Mayo section in the Mayo Oulo-Lere basin The three polarities sequences from the two sections from Hamakoussou basin are correlated with M1 and M3 Chrons and suggest an age between 125 and 128, 11 My. While the two polarities sequences from the Mayo Oulo-Lere basin are correlated with M1 Chron, and suggest an age between 125 and 127.61 My. The sedimentation rates of Hamakoussou basin deposits vary between 5.5 cm/kyr and 40.88 cm/kyr and 38.26 cm/kyr in the section of Mayo Oulo-Lere basin
Popoff, Michel. "Déformation intracontinentale Gondwanienne : rifting mézoique en Afrique : évolution meso-cénozoique du fossé de la Bénoué, Nigéria : relations avec l'ouverture de l'Océan Atlantique Sud." Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX3A002.
Full textOmanda, Rosa. "Elements morphosyntaxiques du galwa langue bantoue du Gabon et éléments pour un dictionnaire bilingue." Nancy 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN21006.
Full textThis thesis studies a bantu language of Gabon, Central Africa, the galwa (B. 11 c) which is a part of the B. 10 language family. This African language belongs to the bantu group of the Benoué-Congo nib family which is itself a part of the Niger-Congo language grouping. This report first establishes the phonological base system and briefly introduces the morphophonology of the language. The syntaxmorphology characteristics of the language are covered as well as the processes of word formation (derivation and composition) and various grammatical categories and their place in the structure of noun and verb phrasing. Finally, this thesis covers the complexity of language wording and introduces a lexical model
Courville, Philippe. "Les formations marines et les faunes d'ammonites cénomaniennes et turoniennes (crétacé supérieur) dans le fossé de la Bénoué (Nigeria). Impact des facteurs locaux et globaux sur les échanges fauniques a l'interface Téthys-atlantique sud." Dijon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DIJOS071.
Full textTriboulet, Christine. "Les transformations des paysages du diamare et du bassin de la benoue (nord-cameroun) etude a l'aide de l'imagerie spot." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0341.
Full textThe diamare and the benoue basin in north-cameroon are two areas,where landscapes show the considerable anthopic pressur supported by natural environments. Therefore, this study aims at identifying these landscapes and at following their evo eventually check the processes of plant destruction or soil degradation. The satellite imagery was chosen as a method of and completed with field observations. Physical features and human activities are detalled in order to reveal the region concening crops, landscapes or patterns of soil degradation. . . The data analysis is used to sort out the information, to landscapes and to read the most relevant descriptors for remote sensing studies. The images processings are made up of classifications, which suggest a regional distribution, and a diachronic analysis whose results are interesting concerni of seasonal phenomena. Sketches synthetise informations, localize and show the most dynamic landscapes. The results give adequate estimate of harde soils and wams against their actual increasing number. They also allow to realize the spread o mouskouari fields. From a wider point of view,the images prove their validity for regional observation of wooded and cult and to supervise the degraded soils. The knowledge acquired allowed to try extrapolation to the benoue basin, where they images ability to give rapidly information needed by development projects, particularly in areas without mapping data. Th allowed to acquire a good knowledge of north-cameroon, at different scales. Simultaneously,the data analysis led to the d processing and the selection of relevant descriptors for further studies with similar objectives. Remote sensing proved environmental knowledge,information updating and therefore to be used as part of projets conceming the supervision of de the environlental protection,the renewal of resources in developing countries
Mezop, Temgoua Alice Lucie. "Archéologie, traditions orales et ethnographie au nord du Cameroun: histoire du peuplement de la région du Faro durant le dernier millénaire." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209940.
Full textDans ce travail, j’apporte par le biais d'une approche historique et comparative des éléments susceptible d’expliquer, d’une part la complexité qui caractérise le peuplement du Faro et, d’autre part, la façon dont le peuplement de cette région a évolué au cours du dernier millénaire. Il est également question de faire progresser la réflexion méthodologique, en évaluant la façon dont les modèles obtenus par l’archéologie peuvent être confrontés avec ceux qui se basent sur les traditions orales, les éléments de la culture matérielle actuelle et la linguistique.
L’étude des traditions orales a permis de classer par ordre chronologique les éléments historiques importants et d’établir une histoire du peuplement durant ces derniers siècles. Elle confirme qu’il est possible de reconnaître des racines remontant au delà du 19ème siècle à la plupart des groupes qui peuplent encore la région aujourd’hui, ainsi que de nombreuses ruptures dans l’histoire du peuplement du Faro. Contrairement aux travaux antérieurs, la plus importante de ces fractures date du début du 19ème siècle, avec l’occupation des conquérants foulbé, qui ont provoqué l’insécurité généralisée, la division de la région en deux et les plus importantes déportations de populations des plaines vers les montagnes refuges.
L’approche archéologique a permis d’établir la première séquence chrono-culturelle du Faro au cours du dernier millénaire. Si la présence d’un peuplement ancien dans la plaine était envisagée, l’étude archéologique apporte la preuve que des communautés humaines vivent dans le Faro depuis environ 1000 ans. A partir du 15ème siècle, des modifications surviennent. Celles-ci se manifestent surtout par l’apparition d’une nouvelle poterie ornée au Blepharis sp. Lorsque l’on compare la carte de distribution des sites associés à cette céramique, au trajet suivi par les Bata, qui remontent le cours du Faro en implantant des villages et à l’aire d’extension des langues tchadiques au Faro, il semble plausible que de nouvelles populations occupent la région vers le milieu du dernier millénaire de notre ère. Pour le 19ème siècle bien documenté par les traditions orales, les données archéologiques viennent renforcer l’idée d’une profonde rupture durant cette période.
En abordant l’histoire du peuplement du Faro, il était nécessaire d’examiner le concept de l’ethnicité comme il est classiquement employé dans la région. D’une manière générale, l’étude conforte l’idée qu’il est très difficile d’aborder la profondeur historique des identités des groupes actuels.
La confrontation entre les faits des cultures vivantes et les résultats archéologiques a permis d’évaluer les potentialités de raisonnements historique et comparatif. On ne peut que constater, dans cet exemple concret, le grand intérêt qu’il y a à fonder la reconstitution du passé sur de multiples sources.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Granados, Alys. "Local attitudes and elephant spatial distribution in the Bénoué region, Cameroon: implications for human-elephant conflict and conservation." Thesis, 2011. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/15183/1/Granados_MSc_F2011.pdf.
Full textTremblay, Emmanuel. "Développement des voies visuelles primaires au cours de la première année de vie chez le bébé prématuré et le béné né à terme : une étude en électrophysiologie à haute densité." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6361.
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