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Journal articles on the topic 'Bent wood'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Wilson, Brayton F. "Response to stem bending in forest shrubs: stem or shoot reorientation and shoot release." Canadian Journal of Botany 75, no. 10 (1997): 1643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-876.

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Shrubs in the forest understory may be bent by their own weight or by overstory debris. To maintain height growth they must respond to bending by vertical growth of new shoots, reorientation of older axes, or by releasing preventitious buds to form epicormic shoots. I tested for these responses in Ilex verticillata L., Cornus amomum Mill., Gaylussacia baccata (Wang.) K. Koch, Viburnum cassinoides L., Hamamelis virginiana L., and Kalmia latifolia L. For each species, I removed potentially supporting vegetation adjacent to 20 stems, left 10 stems untreated to test for bending by self weight, and

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2

Lachaud, Suzanne. "Xylogénèse chez les Dicotylédones arborescentes. V. Formation du bois de tension et transport de l'acide indole acétique tritié chez le Hêtre." Canadian Journal of Botany 65, no. 6 (1987): 1253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b87-174.

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Upper stems of young beeches (Fagus silvatica L.) were bent into Jaccard loops in May. If they stayed on the tree, they produced a wide arc of extreme tension wood on the upper side of the loop, which contained numerous gelatinous fibers, few vessels, and little axial parenchyma. On the lower side of these loops, xylogenesis was nearly stopped. If bent stems were removed from the tree, xylogenesis was far less asymmetric: the wood formed on the upper side contained normal vessels and axial parenchyma, but also gelatinous fibers; on the lower side, the wood was normal. Transport and metabolism

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3

Grytsak, S. A., and S. V. Gayda. "Comparative analysis of physical and mechanical characteristics of bent elements from different tree species." Forestry, Forest, Paper and Woodworking Industry 46 (December 30, 2020): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36930/42204602.

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The technology of bending solid wood with preliminary hydrothermal treatment and with the use of production residues as well as consumed wood as raw materials has been developed. The analysis of the equipment for performance of technological operations of research process of reception of curvilinear preparations is carried out. A method was developed and the length of the defect-free arc of bent wood elements of different breeds and ages was investigated using laboratory installations for hydrothermal treatment and bending of samples. The regression equations for wood of ash, pine and oak spec

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4

Demitrova, I., and O. Saveleva. "Production of bent furniture from massive wood." Актуальные направления научных исследований XXI века: теория и практика 3, no. 5 (2015): 456–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/16300.

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5

Boymatov, Fakhridin, and Nikolay Nazarenko. "Working capability of composite wood-rubcon (rubber concrete) reinforced bridge beams under static loads." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 08025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016408025.

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The results of experimental studies of the performance of bent composite wood-rubcon reinforced bridge beams under static loads are presented and the bearing capacity of composite wood-rubcon reinforced bridge beams is determined. A method for calculating wood-rubcon reinforced composite bridge beams is proposed.

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6

Jourez, B., A. Riboux, and A. Leclercq. "Comparison of basic density and longitudinal shrinkage in tension wood and opposite wood in young stems of Populus euramericana cv. Ghoy when subjected to a gravitational stimulus." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, no. 10 (2001): 1676–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-096.

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In a greenhouse, under controlled conditions, young shoots, taken from poplar cuttings (Populus euramericana (Dole) Guinier cv. Ghoy), were artificially bent to quantify the modifications of physical properties induced by a gravitational stimulus. At the end of the growing season, basic density and longitudinal shrinkage were measured on very small samples taken from pure tension wood tissue observed on the upper face of the inclined axis and compared with opposite wood tissue, free of gelatinous fibers, developed on the opposite lower face. In a second step, shoots bent at two different lean

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7

Abedini, Raoufeh, Bruno Clair, Kambiz Pourtahmasi, Françoise Laurans, and Olivier Arnould. "Cell wall thickening in developing tension wood of artificially bent poplar trees." IAWA Journal 36, no. 1 (2015): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-00000084.

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Trees can control their shape and resist gravity thanks to their ability to produce wood under tensile stress. This stress is known to be produced during the maturation of wood fibres but the mechanism of its generation remains unclear. This study focuses on the formation of the secondary wall in tension wood produced in artificially tilted poplar saplings. Thickness of secondary wall layer (SL) and gelatinous layer (GL) were measured from cambium to mature wood in several trees sampled at different times after tilting. Measurements on wood fibres produced before tilting show the progressive i

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8

Li, Xinguo, Robert Evans, Washington Gapare, Xiaohui Yang, and Harry X. Wu. "Characterizing compression wood formed in radiata pine branches." IAWA Journal 35, no. 4 (2014): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-00000073.

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The formation of reaction wood is an adaptive feature of trees in response to various mechanical forces. In gymnosperms, reaction wood consists of compression wood (CW) and opposite wood (OW) that are formed on the underside and upperside of bent trunks and branches. Although reaction wood formed in bent trunks has been extensively investigated, relatively little has been reported from conifer branches. In this study SilviScan® technology was used to characterize radiata pine branches at high resolution. Compared to OW formed in the branches, CW showed greater growth, darker colour, thicker tr

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9

Yeh, Ting-Feng, Jennifer L. Braun, Barry Goldfarb, Hou-min Chang, and John F. Kadla. "Morphological and chemical variations between juvenile wood, mature wood, and compression wood of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.)." Holzforschung 60, no. 1 (2006): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2006.001.

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Abstract To better understand the within-tree variations between juvenile wood, mature wood, and compression wood, wood from a 35-year-old mature bent loblolly pine was separated into seven groups by different positions in the tree. Morphological and chemical structure analyses, including fiber quality, X-ray diffraction, sugar and lignin content analysis, as well as nitrobenzene oxidation, ozonation, and advanced NMR spectroscopy, were performed. Fiber properties were significantly different for tree-top juvenile normal wood and tree-bottom juvenile normal wood, juvenile normal and mature nor

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10

Straže, Aleš, Jure Žigon, Stjepan Pervan, Mislav Mikšik, and Silvana Prekrat. "The Influence of Processing Conditions on the Quality of Bent Solid Wood from European Oak." Forests 14, no. 5 (2023): 1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14051047.

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Bending of solid wood from European oak is one of the most demanding technological processes due to its specific structural and physical properties and variability. We investigated the influence of wood moisture content (MC) and stiffness, determined by NDT, as well as previous drying methods on the bending ability of the wood. The best quality was obtained with bending specimens bent at a moisture content of at least 16% and quarter- or semi-quartersawn. The number of rejected specimens increased slightly when HF bending was used. Single-stage predrying of oak to a final MC of 8% resulted in

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Storodubtseva, Tamara, I. Andreyscheva, and A. Shatalova. "COLOR RANGE OF WOOD AND HUMAN PRODUCTS." Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice 8, no. 1 (2020): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2020-8-1-149-152.

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The article considers the psycho-emotional state of a person, which depends on the surrounding furniture, in this case, on its color scheme. Wood surrounds us everywhere and always, how does it affect us? Which wood is better in structure, in ease of production? What are the qualities of wood? And the main question is, what effect does wood furniture of different species have on us and how does it affect our health? We tried to find out these questions in our article. For the manufacture of furniture, it is necessary to use wood of a thin structure, which can be subjected to processing and app

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12

Wilson, Brayton F., and Barbara L. Gartner. "Lean in red alder (Alnusrubra): growth stress, tension wood, and righting response." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 11 (1996): 1951–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-220.

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Natural stands and a 3-year-old plantation of red alder (Alnusrubra Bong.) trees were used to study the incidence of leaning stems, the level of growth stresses and tension wood formation, and the ability of the stems to right themselves to vertical. Overall, 10% of the 512 trees in 10 natural stands leaned >22°. The largest diameter trees on the steepest slopes leaned most. Most (61%) of the trees curved upward, showing a righting response. For samples without tension wood, growth stress levels on the upper side of leaning stems, but not on the lateral or lower sides, were positively corre

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13

Prasetyo, Rian. "Analisis Postur Kerja Metode Reba pada Pekerja Sentra Industri Perkayuan." Jurnal Jaring SainTek 6, no. 1 (2024): 33–40. https://doi.org/10.31599/4wz4j856.

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Balepanjang is one of the Village in Wonogiri Regency is the center of the wood processing industry. From observations in the field the workers when doing work activities are not very ergonomic. Where standing is too bent, legs too bent, and sitting is not in accordance with the posture. If left unchecked, it can cause work-related injuries and illnesses, then a work posture analysis is carried out to determine the level of risk that workers may experience. This study aims to evaluate the work posture of the workers in the wood industry center in Balepanjang Village, Jatipurno District, Wonogi

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14

Riyanto, Awal, L. Lee Grismer, and Perry L. Wood. "The fourth Bent-toed Gecko of the genus Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Java, Indonesia." Zootaxa 4059, no. 2 (2015): 351–63. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4059.2.6.

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Riyanto, Awal, Grismer, L. Lee, Wood, Perry L. (2015): The fourth Bent-toed Gecko of the genus Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Java, Indonesia. Zootaxa 4059 (2): 351-363, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4059.2.6

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15

Fredericksen, T. S., R. L. Hedden, and S. A. Williams. "Effect of stem bending on hydraulic conductivity and wood strength of loblolly pine." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24, no. 3 (1994): 442–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x94-060.

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Stems of 30-year-old loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) trees were bent with a winch to determine the effect of bending, which might occur from severe wind stress, on the hydraulic conductivity and wood strength of tree stems. Stems were bent to a point of imminent stem failure and then released. After release, stems leaned an average of 6.25° from their original vertical position. Measurements of sapwood permeability and viable conducting area were made on stem sections cut from bent trees and were compared with sections taken from unstressed (control) trees. Dye was used to determine the percenta

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16

Margoth, Atahuachi, Leontien Van Der Bent M., R.I. Wood John, P. Lewis Gwilym, and E. Hughes Colin. "Bolivian Mimosa (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae): three new species and a species checklist." Phytotaxa 260, no. 3 (2016): 201–22. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.260.3.1.

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Margoth Atahuachi, M. Leontien Van Der Bent, John R.I. Wood, Gwilym P. Lewis, Colin E. Hughes (2016): Bolivian Mimosa (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae): three new species and a species checklist. Phytotaxa 260 (3): 201-222, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.260.3.1

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17

Riyanto, Awal, L. Lee Grismer, and Perry L. Wood. "Cyrtodactylus rosichonariefi sp. nov. (Squamata: Gekkonidae), a new swamp-dwelling bent-toed gecko from Bunguran Island (Great Natuna), Indonesia." Zootaxa 3964, no. 1 (2015): 114–24. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3964.1.8.

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Riyanto, Awal, Grismer, L. Lee, Wood, Perry L. (2015): Cyrtodactylus rosichonariefi sp. nov. (Squamata: Gekkonidae), a new swamp-dwelling bent-toed gecko from Bunguran Island (Great Natuna), Indonesia. Zootaxa 3964 (1): 114-124, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3964.1.8

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18

Tri, Ngo Van, L. Lee Grismer, Pham Hong Thai, and P.L. Wood Jr. "A new endemic insular Bent-toed Gecko (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodctylus) from Quang Nam Province, Central Vietnam." Zootaxa 4766, no. 2 (2020): 389–400. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4766.2.7.

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Tri, Ngo Van, Grismer, L. Lee, Thai, Pham Hong, Jr, P.L. Wood (2020): A new endemic insular Bent-toed Gecko (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodctylus) from Quang Nam Province, Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 4766 (2): 389-400, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4766.2.7

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19

Xue, Yingying, Yuewen Gao, Mengjie Hu, Ying Gao, and Xudong Zhu. "Properties of wood shear walls connected by wood nails." BioResources 19, no. 4 (2024): 9673–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.4.9673-9684.

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The performance of a wood wall connected by wood nails and twist nails was tested. It was found that during the monotonic load testing, the wood nails connected to the shear panel and stud at the column bottom broke when the deformation reached 12.1 mm. However, the primary failure mode was that the twist nails bent and the head cap became dented in the shear panel. For reciprocating loads, it was found that the wood nails experienced local fracture on the tensile side. The skeleton curve of the wood wall connected by twist nails showed a good trend of bearing capacity changes in both tension

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20

Grismer, L. Lee, Perry L. Wood, Jr, and Kelvin K. P. Lim. "Cyrtodactylus Majulah, A New Species Of Bent-Toed Gecko (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) From Singapore And The Riau Archipelago." Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 60, no. 2 (2012): 487–99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5350026.

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Grismer, L. Lee, Wood, Perry L., Jr, Lim, Kelvin K. P. (2012): Cyrtodactylus Majulah, A New Species Of Bent-Toed Gecko (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) From Singapore And The Riau Archipelago. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 60 (2): 487-499, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5350026

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21

Bai, Xuejiao, and Minchen Bao. "Structural Analysis and Optimization Design of Laminated Bent-wood Chair." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 242 (March 30, 2019): 062064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/242/6/062064.

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22

Wdowiak, Agnieszka, and Janusz Brol. "Effectiveness of Reinforcing Bent Non-Uniform Pre-Stressed Glulam Beams with Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymers Rods." Materials 12, no. 19 (2019): 3141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12193141.

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The article presents the testing designating the impact of structural non-uniformity on the effectiveness of reinforcing bent wooden beams reinforced with basalt fibre (BFRP—Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymers) rods. The obtained results demonstrate a positive impact of the strengthening in improving the bearing capacity and rigidness of the wooden beams. The article presents the impact of selected physical and chemical properties of wooden elements on the achieved strengthening reliability, increase in bearing capacity and the estimation of the reduction of deflections and stresses of bent beams

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23

Grismer, L. Lee, Jr Perry L. Wood, Evan S. H. Quah, Myint Kyaw Thura, Jamie R. Oaks, and Aung Lin. "A new species of Bent-toed Gecko (Squamata, Gekkonidae, Cyrtodactylus) from the Shan Plateau in eastern Myanmar (Burma)." Zootaxa 4624, no. 3 (2019): 301–21. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4624.3.1.

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Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Quah, Evan S. H., Thura, Myint Kyaw, Oaks, Jamie R., Lin, Aung (2019): A new species of Bent-toed Gecko (Squamata, Gekkonidae, Cyrtodactylus) from the Shan Plateau in eastern Myanmar (Burma). Zootaxa 4624 (3): 301-321, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4624.3.1

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Kawecki, Bartosz, and Andrzej Sumorek. "Study on Profitability of Combining Wood and CFRP into Composite Based on Mechanical Performance of Bent Beams." Applied Sciences 12, no. 20 (2022): 10304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122010304.

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The paper attempts to estimate the profitability of combining wood and CFRP into a composite (BSH-CFRP), intended to be used in load-bearing beams, including mechanical performance and prices of constituent materials. Prices of glue laminated timber (BSH) and CFRP tapes over the years were provided by ABIES Poland Ltd. and S&P Poland Ltd. companies. Referring to the uncertainty of wood prices on the market, two levels of BSH prices were adopted. A prediction of the beams’ mechanical behaviour was made based on the analytical model prepared by the author. The calculated members varied in wi

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Grismer, L. Lee, Perry L. Wood, Chan Kin Onn, Shahrul Anuar, and Mohd Abdul Muin. "Cyrts in the city: A new Bent-toed Gecko (Genus Cyrtodactylus) is the only endemic species of vertebrate from Batu Caves, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia." Zootaxa 3774, no. 4 (2014): 381–94. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3774.4.6.

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Grismer, L. Lee, Wood, Perry L., Onn, Chan Kin, Anuar, Shahrul, Muin, Mohd Abdul (2014): Cyrts in the city: A new Bent-toed Gecko (Genus Cyrtodactylus) is the only endemic species of vertebrate from Batu Caves, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 3774 (4): 381-394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3774.4.6

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Wood, Jr Perry L., L. Lee Grismer, Mohd Abdul Muin, Shahrul Anuar, Jamie R. Oaks, and Jr Jack W. Sites. "A new potentially endangered limestone-associated Bent-toed Gecko of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex from northern Peninsular Malaysia." Zootaxa 4751, no. 3 (2020): 437–60. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4751.3.2.

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Wood Jr, Perry L., Grismer, L. Lee, Muin, Mohd Abdul, Anuar, Shahrul, Oaks, Jamie R., Sites Jr, Jack W. (2020): A new potentially endangered limestone-associated Bent-toed Gecko of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex from northern Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 4751 (3): 437-460, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4751.3.2

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Kawecki, Bartosz, and Jerzy Podgórski. "The Effect of Glue Cohesive Stiffness on the Elastic Performance of Bent Wood–CFRP Beams." Materials 13, no. 22 (2020): 5075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13225075.

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This paper presents experimental, theoretical and numerical studies of wood-CFRP beams bonded with polyurethane (PUR) adhesive. The analyses include two types of CFRP (carbon fibre-reinforced polymer) strengthening configurations and pure glue laminated timber beams as a reference. Through detailed analyses of a double-lap connection on blocks with and without CFRP strips, the authors state that neglecting the cohesive stiffness of adhesive layers may lead to an overestimation of an overall beam’s stiffness. This is significant with wood–CFRP connections, which showed values two times lower th

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Grismer, L. Lee, Shahrul Anuar, Mohd Abdul Muin, Evan S. H. Quah, and Perry L. Wood. "Phylogenetic relationships and description of a new upland species of Bent-toed Gecko (Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827) of the C. sworderi complex from northeastern Peninsular Malaysia." Zootaxa 3616, no. 3 (2013): 239–52. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3616.3.2.

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Grismer, L. Lee, Anuar, Shahrul, Muin, Mohd Abdul, Quah, Evan S. H., Wood, Perry L. (2013): Phylogenetic relationships and description of a new upland species of Bent-toed Gecko (Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827) of the C. sworderi complex from northeastern Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 3616 (3): 239-252, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.3.2

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Quah, Evan S. H., L. Lee Grismer, Perry L. Wood, and Shahrul Anuar Mohd Sah. "The discovery and description of a new species of Bent-toed Gecko of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Langkawi Archipelago, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia." Zootaxa 4668, no. 1 (2019): 51–75. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4668.1.3.

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Quah, Evan S. H., Grismer, L. Lee, Wood, Perry L., Sah, Shahrul Anuar Mohd (2019): The discovery and description of a new species of Bent-toed Gecko of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Langkawi Archipelago, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 4668 (1): 51-75, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4668.1.3

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Grismer, L. Lee, Perry L. Wood, Myint Kyaw Thura, et al. "A new Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Squamata, Gekkonidae) from the Shan Hills and the biogeography of Bent-toed Geckos from eastern Myanmar." Zootaxa 4446, no. 4 (2018): 477–500. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4446.4.4.

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Grismer, L. Lee, Wood, Perry L., Thura, Myint Kyaw, Quah, Evan S. H., Grismer, Marta S., Murdoch, Matthew L., Espinoza, Robert E., Lin, Aung (2018): A new Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Squamata, Gekkonidae) from the Shan Hills and the biogeography of Bent-toed Geckos from eastern Myanmar. Zootaxa 4446 (4): 477-500, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4446.4.4

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Famulyak, Yu, B. Demchyna, and Kh Demchyna. "Investigation of bearing capacity and deformability of bent wood-concrete beams." Vìsnik L’vìvs’kogo nacìonal’nogo agrarnogo unìversitetu. Arhìtektura ì sìl’s’kogospodars’ke budìvnictvo 19 (December 1, 2018): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31734/architecture2018.19.061.

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Kolesnikov, G. N., O. A. Kunitskaya, I. V. Grigorev, M. V. Stepanischeva, and A. O. Bormatenko. "Modeling of stresses and deformations of bark of bent long wood." Systems. Methods. Technologies, no. 2(34) (2017): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18324/2077-5415-2017-2-105-108.

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Grismer, Lee, Perry L. Wood, Evan S. H. Quah, et al. "A phylogeny and taxonomy of the Thai-Malay Peninsula Bent-toed Geckos of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex (Squamata: Gekkonidae): combined morphological and molecular analyses with descriptions of seven new species." Zootaxa 3520 (December 31, 2012): 1–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.211847.

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Grismer, Lee, Wood, Perry L., Quah, Evan S. H., Anuar, Shahrul, Muin, Abdul, Sumontha, Montri, Ahmad, Norhayati, Bauer, Aaron M. (2012): A phylogeny and taxonomy of the Thai-Malay Peninsula Bent-toed Geckos of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex (Squamata: Gekkonidae): combined morphological and molecular analyses with descriptions of seven new species. Zootaxa 3520: 1-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211847

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Grismer, L. Lee, Daicus M. Belabut, Evan S. H. Quah, Chan Kin Onn, Perry L. Wood, and Rosli Hasim. "A new species of karst forest-adapted Bent-toed Gecko (genus Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827) belonging to the C. sworderi complex from a threatened karst forest in Perak, Peninsular Malaysia." Zootaxa 3755, no. 5 (2014): 434–46. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3755.5.3.

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Grismer, L. Lee, Belabut, Daicus M., Quah, Evan S. H., Onn, Chan Kin, Wood, Perry L., Hasim, Rosli (2014): A new species of karst forest-adapted Bent-toed Gecko (genus Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827) belonging to the C. sworderi complex from a threatened karst forest in Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 3755 (5): 434-446, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3755.5.3

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Johnson, Chelséa B., Evan Quah, Shahrul Anuar, et al. "Phylogeography, geographic variation, and taxonomy of the Bent-toed Gecko Cyrtodactylus quadrivirgatus Taylor, 1962 from Peninsular Malaysia with the description of a new swamp dwelling species." Zootaxa 3406 (December 31, 2012): 39–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.281871.

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Johnson, Chelséa B., Quah, Evan, Anuar, Shahrul, Wood, Perry L., Grismer, Jesse L., Greer, Lee F., Onn, Chan Kin, Ahmad, Norhayati (2012): Phylogeography, geographic variation, and taxonomy of the Bent-toed Gecko Cyrtodactylus quadrivirgatus Taylor, 1962 from Peninsular Malaysia with the description of a new swamp dwelling species. Zootaxa 3406: 39-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.281871

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Wang, Yu, Suri Gala, and Jin Tian Huang. "Fabrication of flexible thin veneer for electromagnetic interference shielding and decoration through simple electroless plating." BioResources 15, no. 3 (2020): 5737–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.3.5737-5748.

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A widely applicable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and decorative thin veneer containing copper was prepared with simple electroless technology. Copper was used as the structural and EMI reflection component to reinforce the mechanical strength and EMI shielding effectiveness. Both the texture and structural properties of copper deposited on poplar wood were characterized. The X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the copper deposited on poplar wood had a crystallite size between 7.9 nm and 15.9 nm, and the copper crystallites grew rapidly as the number of electroless runs in

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Tan, Yongjie, Xiaojun Yang, Xinchun Bai, Haoran Dong, Jiamin Liu, and Lu Zhang. "Inspection and evaluation of wood components of ancient buildings in the South-Three Courts of the Forbidden City." BioResources 17, no. 1 (2021): 962–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.1.962-974.

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Ancient architectural wood components were evaluated in terms of mechanical properties, material color expression, ultrasonic shape, chemical components, and deformation of shape and position by comparing them with new red pine materials. The results showed that the deterioration of the surface material properties of wood components was very serious, mainly caused by weathering. The attenuation degree of the inner layer of the wood component was relatively low, and the color change of the wood was obvious, which was mainly caused by fungi. Ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology was used

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Báder, Mátyás, and Róbert Németh. "A Review of Wood Compression along the Grain—After the 100th Anniversary of Pleating." Forests 14, no. 4 (2023): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14040763.

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This study focuses on the compression of wood along the grain (also known as pleating), a modification that improves the pliability of higher-density hardwoods with a moisture content above 20%. Pleated wood can be bent into small curves in any direction. The success of the industrial pleating process in some parts of the world is influenced by many factors, such as wood species, wood quality, moisture content, compression ratio, fixation time, etc. Pleating by 20% causes the modulus of elasticity to decrease to one-third for oak and beech, and the bending ratio can be increased above ½. Bendi

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JOHNSON, CHELSEÁ B., EVAN QUAH, S. H., et al. "Chelséa B. Johnson, Evan Quah, S. H., Shahrul Anuar, M. A. Muin, Perry L. Wood, Jr., Jesse L Grismer, Lee F. Greer, Chan Kin Onn, Norhayati Ahmad, Aaron M. Bauer & L. Lee Grismer (2012) Phylogeography, geographic variation, and taxonomy of the Bent-toed Gecko Cyrtodactylus quadrivirgatus Taylor, 1962 from Peninsular Malaysia with the description of a new swamp dwelling." Zootaxa 3620, no. 3 (2013): 500. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3620.3.10.

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JOHNSON, CHELSEÁ B., QUAH, EVAN, H., S., ANUAR, SHAHRUL, MUIN, M. A., WOOD, PERRY L., GRISMER, JESSE JR. L., GREER, LEE F., ONN, CHAN KIN, AHMAD, NORHAYATI, BAUER, AARON M., GRISMER, L. LEE (2013): Chelséa B. Johnson, Evan Quah, S. H., Shahrul Anuar, M. A. Muin, Perry L. Wood, Jr., Jesse L Grismer, Lee F. Greer, Chan Kin Onn, Norhayati Ahmad, Aaron M. Bauer & L. Lee Grismer (2012) Phylogeography, geographic variation, and taxonomy of the Bent-toed Gecko Cyrtodactylus quadrivirgatus Taylor, 1962 from Peninsular Malaysia with the description of a new swamp dwelling. Zootaxa 3620 (3): 500, DO

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Ratnasingam, Jegatheswaran, Hazirah Ab Latib, Lim Choon Liat, and Saeid Reza Farrokhpayam. "Comparative steam bending characteristics of some planted forest wood species in Malaysia." BioResources 17, no. 3 (2022): 4937–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.3.4937-4951.

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The bending performance of wood is important for its application in furniture, and it is one of the criteria used to assess the suitability of a particular wood species for furniture. In this context, the steam-bending and surface roughness characteristics of four forest plantation wood species were evaluated. One batch of wood specimens were subjected to both surface roughness experiments using the stylus and toluene spread methods, while another batch of the wood specimens were subjected to steaming, clamped, and bent using a circular shape mold. The instantaneous spring-back was measured af

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Mania, Przemysław, and Mateusz Gąsiorek. "Acoustic Properties of Resonant Spruce Wood Modified Using Oil-Heat Treatment (OHT)." Materials 13, no. 8 (2020): 1962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13081962.

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Wedge-shaped boards of spruce wood (Picea abies Karst.) are used to make violin fronts, also known as soundboards. Oil-heat treatment (OHT) can influence the acoustic properties of resonant wood, such as spruce. In this study, the effect of OHT on spruce wood was evaluated, using palm oil as a heating medium, at four different temperatures: 140, 160, 180 and 200 °C. Physical, mechanical and acoustic properties of spruce wood were evaluated before and after OHT and included the following: density, modulus of elasticity in the static bending test, and wood sound velocity. The acoustic parameters

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Li, Xiaoling, and Youke Zhao. "Bending Performance of Water Saturated White Birch and Ash Wood at 20–100 °C." Forests 15, no. 7 (2024): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15071077.

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Bent wood has the advantages of visually appealing and ergonomic shapes and the disadvantage of processing failure. Understanding how water and temperature influence wood bending is critical to avoid processing failure. Compared with softwood, saturated hardwood has been seldom reported in terms of bending performance at various temperature levels. In this paper, white birch and ash wood were studied in bending using a universal testing machine and a program-controlled water bath. White birch wood exhibited lower proportional limit stress, smaller modulus of elasticity (MOE), and lower failure

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As, Nusret, Daniel Hindman, and Ümit Büyüksarı. "The effect of bending parameters on mechanical properties of bent oak wood." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 76, no. 2 (2017): 633–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00107-017-1162-2.

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Büyüksarı, Ümit, and Nusret As. "Non-destructive evaluation of beech and oak wood bent at different radii." Composites Part B: Engineering 48 (May 2013): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.12.006.

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Grismer, L. Lee, Perry L. Wood, Shahrul Anuar, et al. "Two new Bent-toed Geckos of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex from Peninsular Malaysia and multiple instances of convergent adaptation to limestone forest ecosystems." Zootaxa 4105, no. 5 (2016): 401–29. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4105.5.1.

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Grismer, L. Lee, Wood, Perry L., Anuar, Shahrul, Grismer, Marta S., Quah, Evan S. H., Murdoch, Matthew L., Muin, Mohd Abdul, Davis, Hayden R., Aguilar, César, Klabacka, Randy, Cobos, Anthony J., Aowphol, Anchalee, Sites, Jack W. (2016): Two new Bent-toed Geckos of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex from Peninsular Malaysia and multiple instances of convergent adaptation to limestone forest ecosystems. Zootaxa 4105 (5): 401-429, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4105.5.1

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Molinski, Waldemar, Jan Raczkowski, and Lech Muszynski. "Acoustic Emission Generated upon Mechano-Sorptive Creep of Wood Bent Across to the Grain under Asymmetrical Moistening." Holzforschung 54, no. 3 (2000): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2000.051.

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Summary Acoustic emission (AE) generated in pine wood samples upon bending across the grain under simultaneous moistening of the tension zone, was measured. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of external tension load on AE generated during asymmetrical moistening of dry wood samples in water. The cumulative counts of AE signals recorded during simultaneous moistening of the tension zone of sample were proportional to the intensity of the mechano-sorptive strain. AE starts when the mechano-sorptive strain in the tension zone (εT) reaches a value close to 0.8%.

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Xu, Shuwei, Yizhong Cao, Xiaobing Cao, et al. "The Observation of Creep Strain Distribution in Laminated Veneer Lumber Subjected to Different Loading Regimes." Forests 15, no. 1 (2024): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15010179.

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Timber architectures have arisen as sustainable solutions for high-rise and long-span buildings, assisting in implementing a circular economy. The creep strain dissipation of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) was investigated in this work to understand the inherent creep behaviors of LVL derived from natural wood. The results demonstrated a significant loading regime dependency of the creep behaviors of LVL. Coupled creep strain dissipation that transits/is parallel to the wood–adhesive interface was proven in the creep deformation of flat-wise and edge-wise bent LVL. In contrast, the creep strain

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Longui, Eduardo Luiz, Cássia Christine Schmidt Gondo, Israel Luiz de Lima, et al. "Some Properties of Astronium graveolens Wood Along the Stem." Floresta e Ambiente 23, no. 1 (2016): 142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.109714.

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ABSTRACT We investigated the axial variation of specific gravity, shear parallel to the grain and anatomical features of Astronium graveolens wood and related these properties to the anatomy along the stem. We felled five 20-year-old trees and cut discs from four different stem heights, including stem base, 1 meter, 2 meters and 3 meters, for a total of 20 discs, and studied wood samples near the bark and at the base of trunk. Axial variations found appear to provide a balance between mechanical strength of the wood at stem base by the higher density and higher shear by the increase in ray fre

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Salsa, Apriyadi, and Subchan Asy'ari. "ANALISA KELUHAN MUSCULOSKELETAL PADA POSTUR TUBUH PEKERJA PENYERUT KAYU DI MEBEL UD. SETIA USAHA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE RAPID UPPER LIMB ASSESSMENT." JKIE (Journal Knowledge Industrial Engineering) 7, no. 1 (2020): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35891/jkie.v7i1.2100.

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UD.Setia Usaha a business in the field of furniture, during the production process, starting from the activity of the initial raw materials to the process of finished products there is a position that causes interference with the muscular system and needs to improve working posture. Bent position, working with standing, back bent, excessive workload are activities that need to be evaluated gradually. The position of the furniture worker UD. Faithful Business that is not ergonomic. can cause musculoskeletal disorder (MSDs). The purpose of this study was to determine the worker's posture on the

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Ennos, A. R., and A. van Casteren. "Transverse stresses and modes of failure in tree branches and other beams." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277, no. 1685 (2009): 1253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.2093.

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The longitudinal stresses in beams subjected to bending also set up transverse stresses within them; they compress the cross section when the beam's curvature is being increased and stretch it when its curvature is being reduced. Analysis shows that transverse stresses rise to a maximum at the neutral axis and increase with both the bending moment applied and the curvature of the beam. These stresses can qualitatively explain the fracture behaviour of tree branches. Curved ‘hazard beams’ that are being straightened split down the middle because of the low transverse tensile strength of wood. B

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