Relevant bibliographies by topics / Benthic environment

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Academic literature on the topic 'Benthic environment'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Benthic environment"

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McKindsey, Christopher W., Philippe Archambault, Myriam D. Callier, and Frédéric Olivier. "Influence of suspended and off-bottom mussel culture on the sea bottom and benthic habitats: a review1This review is part of a virtual symposium on current topics in aquaculture of marine fish and shellfish." Canadian Journal of Zoology 89, no. 7 (2011): 622–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z11-037.

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Aquaculture is the fastest growing sector of the food industry, raising concerns about the influence of this activity on the environment. We take a holistic approach to review off-bottom and suspended mussel culture effects on the benthic environment and benthic communities. Both longline and “bouchot” mussel culture add much physical structure (infrastructure and mussels) to the environment, altering hydrosedimentary processes by modifying currents and increasing sedimentation locally, and providing habitat for many benthic organisms. Biodeposition from mussels and these organisms increases benthic organic loading and linked biogeochemical processes to influence O2, pH, redox potentials, dissolved sulphides, and other sediment parameters, benthic respiration and nutrient fluxes, and benthic infaunal communities. Mussel culture may also influence seagrasses and algae, although this has not been well-studied. Far-field effects on the benthos may occur through a number of mechanisms, including aggregation of epibenthic macrofauna in culture sites, alteration of plankton communities, and the enhancement of exotic and indigenous pest species owing to the addition of physical structure to the environment. Quantitative relationships between farming level and benthic influences are lacking, making predictions of effects difficult.
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Chiba, WAC, MD Passerini, and JG Tundisi. "Metal contamination in benthic macroinvertebrates in a sub-basin in the southeast of Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 71, no. 2 (2011): 391–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842011000300008.

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Benthic macroinvertebrates have many useful properties that make possible the use of these organisms as sentinel in biomonitoring programmes in freshwater. Combined with the characteristics of the water and sediment, benthic macroinvertebrates are potential indicators of environmental quality. Thus, the spatial occurrence of potentially toxic metals (Al, Zn, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni) in the water, sediment and benthic macroinvertebrates samples were investigated in a sub-basin in the southeast of Brazil in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo state, with the aim of verifying the metals and environment interaction with benthic communities regarding bioaccumulation. Hypothetically, there can be contamination by metals in the aquatic environment in the city due to lack of industrial effluent treatment. All samples were analysed by the USEPA adapted method and processed in an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The sub-basin studied is contaminated by toxic metals in superficial water, sediment and benthic macroinvertebrates. The Bioaccumulation Factor showed a tendency for metal bioaccumulation by the benthic organisms for almost all the metal species. The results show a potential human and ecosystem health risk, contributing to metal contamination studies in aquatic environments in urban areas.
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Crawford, Christine M., Catriona K. A. Macleod, and Iona M. Mitchell. "Effects of shellfish farming on the benthic environment." Aquaculture 224, no. 1-4 (2003): 117–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0044-8486(03)00210-2.

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Karakassis, Ioanni, and Anastasios Eleftheriou. "The Continental Shelf of Crete: The Benthic Environment." Marine Ecology 19, no. 4 (1998): 263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0485.1998.tb00467.x.

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Minh Phuong, Nguyen Thi. "USING BENTHOS TO EVALUATE THE QUALITY OF MARINE ENVIRONMENT: CASE STUDY FROM CENTRAL VIETNAM AFTER THE INCIDENT CAUSED BY FORMOSA." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 55, no. 4C (2018): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/55/4c/12145.

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In this study, we evaluated the quality of marine environment in central Vietnam after the disaster caused by Formosa Ha Tinh Steel Corporation (Formosa), using both bio-indicators (benthos) and chemical indicators. Results show that using benthic fauna, especially meio-benthos can obtain data on the quality of marine environment faster and more accurate than using chemical indicators. In marine environment, monitoring contaminated areas and contamination sources is difficult since currents are normally strong, contaminants often move fast and far away from the sources. For the reasons, using benthos as indicator to localize the contaminated areas as well as assess the quality of marine environment can be an effective method. However, this indicator cannot help to identify the exact contaminants and using this requires a comprehensive knowledge on sea bottom topography, sedimentary characteristics, sea currents, biological competition, etc.
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Elliott, M., and Paul F. Kingston. "The sublittoral benthic fauna of the estuary and Firth of Forth, Scotland." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 93, no. 3-4 (1987): 449–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000006874.

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SynopsisThe structure of the sublittoral benthic macro-invertebrate populations of the Forth estuary and firth, Scotland, is described, giving the species richness, abundance and biomass for the area from the freshwater tidal limit to the North Sea boundary. Eight faunal associations have been defined, which include classical Petersen communities in the marine area and transition associations within the estuary. The spatial distributions of the associations are predominantly the result of the physical environment, but superimposed on the effects of salinity, sediment type and bathymetry are the effects of urbanisation, industrialisation, dredging and spoil disposal and thermal discharges. The benthos of the major part of the firth has been little affected, although that of the peripheral and estuarine areas does show anthropogenic effects.The water column-benthos and fisheries-benthos interactions are also discussed. Elevated levels of nutrients in the water column may be the cause of enriched benthic populations in the firth and an assessment of the fish-benthos coupling indicates an estuarine functioning similar to other northwestern European areas.
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Xu, Yiwei, Xiumian Hu, Marcelle K. BouDagher-Fadel, et al. "The major Late Albian transgressive event recorded in the epeiric platform of the Langshan Formation in central Tibet." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 498, no. 1 (2019): 211–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp498-2019-8.

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AbstractGlobal sea-level changes strongly impact within-basin depositional patterns and the evolution of palaeoclimate, palaeogeography and palaeoecology. During the long, worldwide ice-free period in the mid-Cretaceous greenhouse time interval, high-frequency global sea-level changes were recorded in sedimentary archives. However, the causes of these global sea-level changes are still debated. In central Tibet, the 1 km-thick Langshan Formation has been dated to the late Aptian to early Cenomanian based on larger benthic foraminifera and accumulated in an epeiric seaway, thus, it provides a good opportunity to reconstruct the sea-level change and their controlling factors. Eleven distinct microfacies corresponding to three sedimentary environments have been identified in the Langshan Formation. Calcispheres marlstone and bioclastic wackestone with calcispheres were deposited in an open marine environment; coral rudstone, rudist rudstone and benthic foraminifera–rudist wackestone characterize were deposited in a rudist bank environment; and orbitolinids floatstone–rudstone, green algae packstone, bioclastic grainstone, orbitolinids wackestone with small benthic foraminifera, spicules wackestone and small benthic foraminifera wackestone–mudstone were deposited in a lagoonal environment. The Langshan Formation accumulated on an epeiric platform. This unit documents a sudden deepening event from a rudist bank to an open marine environment during the late Albian (c. 107 Ma). Integrating these findings with regional data from the literature, we infer that this deepening event was a widespread, roughly synchronous feature across the globe, and was controlled by a global sea-level rise related to the decay of polar ice sheets or the release of water from continental aquifers.
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G L Das, Pramod Kumar, and Atul Garg. "Assessment of marine environment by ABC (abundance biomass comparison) analysis—A case study on western offshore area of Arabian Sea." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 02, no. 01 (2021): 069–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2021.2.1.0027.

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Assessment of the variations in marine ecosystem can be effectively monitored using benthic fauna because pollutants from any source will ultimately end in the seabed. The benthic communities play an important role in the transfer of materials from primary production through detrital pool into higher tropic levels, including commercially exploitable fish. Majority of the benthic fauna are sedentary and sessile in nature and cannot avoid any environmental perturbation, hence are considered sensitive indicator of change in the environment caused by natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Based on the analysis of abundance and biomass of benthic communities, one very important and effective study in analyzing marine environment i.e. ABC (Abundance-Biomass Comparison) has been adopted in this paper.
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Siqueiros-Beltrones, D. A. "Association Structure Of Benthic Diatoms In A Hypersaline Environment." Ciencias Marinas 16, no. 1 (1990): 101–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7773/cm.v16i1.678.

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KUBO, Takashi, Natsumi YUSA, Masahiro SHIMURA, Takashi KAMEYA, and Kohei URANO. "River Environment Evaluation Using Biodiversity Information of Benthic Organisms." Journal of Water and Environment Technology 9, no. 1 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2965/jwet.2011.1.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Benthic environment"

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Duna, Oliver Olwethu. "The influence of the physical environment, topography and time on the inshore distribution of invertebrate larvae : a multi-taxon approach." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017804.

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Coastal hydrodynamics regulate population dynamics through the distribution and dispersal of the meroplankton of many benthic invertebrates. I examined the hydrodynamics at four different sites on the south-east coast of South Africa and coupled them with larval sampling done at high temporal and spatial resolution. Day and night sampling was done at all four sites and a continuous 24 hour study was done in one site, both forms of sampling were carried out in autumn and spring. Samples were taken at two stations, 900 metres offshore and 300 metres apart, within each site. Water properties measured were depth, temperature and current velocity and direction. Plankton samples were collected using a plankton pump at various depths, from the surface, bottom and either side of the thermocline when present. A wide range of taxa (mostly bryozoans, bivalves, barnacles and decapods) was examined. 2-way ANOVAs were used to test the effects of time and depth on each taxon. In addition, multiple regression analyses were performed on each taxon to investigate the effects of hydrodynamics on the distribution of larvae. Bryozoanlarvae proved to be positively phototactic whilst bivalve veligers, barnacle larvae and decapod zoeae performed diel vertical migration. Turbulence and temperature had an effect on the vertical distribution/migration of decapod zoeae. These results highlight the role of taxon-specific responses to flow and the potential differential effects on larval retention and ultimately connectivity of benthic populations.
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Radabaugh, Kara. "Light-Environment Controls and Basal Resource Use of Planktonic and Benthic Primary Production." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4564.

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Consumers in marine and estuarine environments have a strong reliance on planktonic and benthic primary production. These two basal resources form the foundation of aquatic food webs, yet the abundance of phytoplankton and benthic algae are frequently inversely related due to competition for light and nutrients. As a result, optimal habitats for benthic and planktonic consumers vary spatially and temporally. To investigate these trends, three studies were conducted focusing on light attenuation and basal resources in a bay, river, and on a continental shelf. δ13C and δ15N stable isotopes can be used as endogenous tracers to determine both the trophic level and basal resource use of consumers. δ13C values of primary producers are determined by the isotopic values of available CO2 and by the degree of photosynthetic fractionation (εp) that occurs during photosynthesis. εp by aquatic algae is greater in high CO2concentrations, high light, during slow growth rates, and for cells with a small surface area to volume ratio. Interaction among these parameters complicates prediction of algal εp in a natural setting, prompting the investigation as to which factors would impact εp and δ13C in a dynamic estuary. Community-level fractionation of an assemblage of filamentous algae, pennate diatoms, and centric diatoms grown on glass plates was found to be positively correlated with photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), resulting in higher δ13C values for organic matter in low-light conditions. These results support the concept that the low-light benthic environment may contribute to the widely observed phenomenon of ~5 / higher δ13C values in benthic algae compared to phytoplankton. Spatial and temporal variability in the isotopic baseline provides evidence of shifting biogeochemical controls on primary production. The West Florida Shelf in the eastern Gulf of Mexico transitions from a eutrophic ecosystem near the Mississippi River to an oligotrophic ecosystem in offshore continental shelf waters. Spatiotemporal variability in the δ13C and δ15N signatures of primary producers and fish populations were examined along this gradient. Muscle δ15N from three widely distributed fish species exhibited strong longitudinal isotopic gradients that coincided with the principal trophic gradient, whereas δ13C values of fish muscle and benthic algae were correlated with depth. The three fish species had relatively high site fidelity, as isotopic gradients were consistent between seasons and years. Isotopic mixing models showed all three fish species had a significant reliance on benthic algae as a basal resource. Dynamic models of the West Florida Shelf isotopic baseline were created using spatial data and satellite-derived water quality characteristics as predictors. Models were constructed using data from three fish species and tested on four other species to determine if the models could be extrapolated to new taxa. Both dynamic and static δ15N models had similar predictive capabilities, indicating a fairly stable δ15N baseline. The satellite-derived dynamic variables explained more variation in baseline δ13C than static spatial descriptors. Planktonic primary production can directly impact benthic food chains through phytoplankton deposition. A novel phytoplankton deposition detection method that combined water-column and benthic fluorometry with surficial sediment sampling was developed and assessed in a two-year study of the Caloosahatchee River estuary. Classifications based upon this detection method showed phytoplankton deposition dominated the upstream region and deposition was associated with reduced dissolved oxygen concentrations. Benthic algae dominated in downstream regions, particularly during low freshwater flow conditions when light absorption by colored dissolved organic matter was low. This same Caloosahatchee River estuary study was used to determine if zooplankton aggregate in regions with optimal basal resource availability. The isopod Edotia triloba was found to associate with chlorophyll peaks when freshwater velocity was constant. Chlorophyll peaks were offset downstream or upstream from isopod aggregations when freshwater flow was accelerating or decelerating, implying that phytoplankton and isopods have different response times to changes in flow. Temporal and spatial fluctuations in water quality and primary production introduce instability to aquatic consumers that primarily rely on one basal resource. The current global trends in eutrophication and increasing planktonic production are likely to be a liability for benthic consumers due to increased benthic hypoxia and light attenuation. The results of these studies indicate that both the location of consumers and their isotopic signatures can be impacted by factors, such as light attenuation, that control benthic and planktonic primary production.
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Haverson, David Thomas. "Numerical modelling of the interaction between tidal stream turbines and the benthic environment." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/27784.

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The tidal stream industry has seen large growth in recent years, and the number of pre-commercial scale devices currently being tested reflects this development. However, commercialising this technology whilst showing that their environmental impacts is minimal remains a challenge. The impact on benthic communities is not considered to be a key strategic consenting issue, yet it is anticipated that the benthic habitat will change as a result of the presence of tidal turbines. To date, only single tidal turbine devices have been installed to demonstrate the application of tidal stream technology but despite successful tests there are still uncertainties surrounding the quantitative impacts these turbines have on local benthic communities. Unlike the wind industry, where physical effects of wind turbines have been catalogued through deployment of thousands of turbines, the tidal stream industry lacks these array scale quantitative data. Local impacts are known, but understanding the scale of the impacts and their relative significance of large arrays remains unknown. Tidal turbines (both single and arrays) interact with the hydrodynamics by decreasing the near field current flow directly in its wake through energy extraction and the drag caused by the physical structure. However, turbines may also affect the far field hydrodynamics, altering bed characteristics, sediment transport regimes and suspended sediment concentrations. As benthic habitats are closely linked to the physical seabed composition and the hydrodynamic conditions, the benthic environment is affected by to changes in the current flow. This thesis presents a series of studies investigating the interaction between tidal turbines and the benthic environment. Based on the hydrodynamic modelling software, TELEMAC2D, a numerical model has been developed to investigate the hydrodynamic impact of a single tidal array at Ramsey Sound, Pembrokeshire as well as the cumulative impact of multiple tidal developments in the Irish Sea. Based on the results of the models, the hydrodynamic outputs were used as inputs to drive a species distribution model, based on the software MaxEnt, to investigate how the distribution of benthic species altered in the presence of a 10MW tidal array at Ramsey Sound. Results of the study showed the development would have a minimal negative impact on the benthic environment.
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Whomersley, Paul. "Uses of benthic ecology in the assessment of anthropogenic impacts in the marine environment." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2009. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3741.

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The ability to detect and manage anthropogenic disturbances in the marine environment is more important than ever, given increasing pressure from a range of sources and the growing awareness of the sensitivity of some marine habitats. The main aims of this study were to ascertain if intensity and type of disturbance were important factors to consider during the assessment of these disturbances. Throughout, various techniques were used and assessed, e.g. primary, derived, multivariate and biological indices, as tools capable of indicating changes within benthic communities. A methodology of selecting appropriate indices linked to the perturbation of interest was also trialled. Finally, the behaviour of meiofauna and macrofauna towards in situ burial was investigated. The effects of disturbance were found to be type, as well as, site-dependent. In some cases, the intensity of disturbance was found to have non-linear effects. Site and disturbance-specific species and trophic group responses were also observed. The method used to select appropriate indices raised important questions. How can it be ensured that observed changes in indicator values are part of a cause-effect relationship? And, how do we identify / choose which of the potential impacts of the disturbance in question to use as a pressure indicator? Community-specific responses and sensitivities of meiofauna and macrofauna to the physical disturbance associated with in-situ burial highlight the importance of using both faunal types in the assessment of the effects of seabed disturbance in the marine environment. It is clear that no simple method exists for detecting disturbance which is applicable to all sites and situations. Hence, careful consideration, informed by ecological knowledge of sites and species, needs to be given to each case.
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Schuchert, Pia Christiane. "Modelling Large Scale Coral Reef Fish and Benthic Community Structures in a Subsistence Fishing Environment." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.519443.

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Dahl, Joakim. "Detection of human-induced stress in streams : comparison of bioassessment approaches using macroinvertebrates /." Uppsala : Dept. of Environmental Assessment, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/s332.pdf.

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Fallesen, Grethe. "The ecology of macrozoobenthos in Arhus Bay, Denmark." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21608.

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The aim of this thesis has been to: 1) assess the state of pollution in the two study areas and relate them to recent changes found in the Kattegat - Belt Sea area; 2) examine the observed spatial and temporal variability in species composition, abundance and biomass in Arhus Bay and the Formes area and relate the variability to antropogenic and natural causes; 3) discuss and assess methods, particularly for the estimation of secondary production and the use of multivariate analyses as methods for examining changes in macrozoobenthic communities. Macrozoobenthos were sampled at 15 stations in Arhus Bay, Denmark from 1985 to 1991 while data from Formes (reference area) included 55 sampling stations from 1986 to 1990. Monthly sampling took place at one station in Arhus Bay in 1990 and 1991. The two study areas are both situated on the eastcoast of Jutland in the Kattegat - Belt Sea area at 13-17 m depth and both receive waste water from long sea outfalls. Although both areas are Subjected to salinity stratification for most of the year, the exposed position of the Formes area on the open Kattegat coast prevents it from suffering from severe oxygen deficiencies, unlike the Arhus Bay which is a sheltered, semi-enclosed sedimentation area where oxygen concentrations in the bottom water can be very low. At Formes the sediment is sandy while it is silty in Arhus Bay. The spatial and temporal variability in the benthos in Arhus Bay could to a great extent be explained by the variation in 7 important species: Abra alba, Corbula gibba, Mysella bidentata, Nepthys hombergii, N. ciliata, Ophiura albida and Echinocardium cordatum. The fluctuations in the number and biomass of A. alba had a pronounced effect on the total abundance and biomass in Arhus Bay. The severe winter of 1986/87 with low temperatures and oxygen depletion under the ice cover practically eliminated A. alba from the bay. A. alba quickly recolonized the area and was found in high numbers in 1988. Studies of growth of A. alba in 1990 and 1991 showed that by the end of 1990 the population had reached an average length of 10 mm while the average shell length was only 5 mm by the end of 1991. The difference between the two years could be attributed to the difference in sedimentation of phytoplankton from the water column. As in other parts of the Kattegat - Belt Sea area, Arhus Bay has experienced low oxygen concentrations in the bottom water in late summer early autumn throughout the 1980s. Only the oxygen depletion under the ice cover in early spring 1987 and the local oxygen deficiencies south of the outlet in 1989 and 1990 actually killed parts of the benthic fauna. Apart from 1981, the oxygen deficiencies have thus been less severe in Arhus Bay than in other parts of the southern Kattegat in the 1980s. The number of species, abundance and biomass decreased at Fornres from 1980 to 1985 while the discharge of BOD was fairly constant during the same period. From 1986 there was a slight decrease in the discharge of BOD but a considerable increase in the number of species, abundance and biomass. At least for the second half of the 1980s there was no straightforward relation between the organic enrichment from the outlet and species composition, abundance and biomass and suggests that other factors are also important influencing the fluctuations in the benthic fauna. Estimates of total secondary community production were found to be very dependent on the method used. The method described by Brey (1990) was found acceptable for estimating secondary production in Arhus Bay but care should be exercised when comparisons are made with other areas where different methods have been used to estimate production. Secondary production was estimated more accurately for some of the abundant species in Arhus Bay on the basis of monthly samplings by the method described by Crisp (1984). Among the multivariate analyses the Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) and nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) proved to be the most successful with the Arhus Bay and Fornes data sets. Two Way INdicator SPecies ANalysis (TWINSPAN) did not work well with the Fornes data because it imposed discontinuities on data sets with continous variation in distribution of species among samples. As community types existed to a certain degree in Arhus Bay TWINSPAN worked well with these data. DCA and MDS were found to be useful techniques for analysing large data sets because they can summarize the data matrices to a manageable form and find possible patterns in the data sets. The results of the analyses can then be used as starting point for more detailed investigations of single species/samples or groups of species/samples. By using different transformations of the raw data the role of dominant or rare species can be assessed. A major 'problem in the assessment of multivariate techniques is the lack of external standards to compare with. The results of multivariate analyses must therefore be assessed critically on the basis of a careful examination of the species list combined with the knowledge and experience of the investigator. The methods used all had their advantages and limitations but each of the different methods added some important information to the picture of the benthic community in Arhus Bay and Fornes. It was thus an considerable advantage to use several different methods to analyse the spatial and temporal variability in the benthic fauna in relation to antropogenic and natural causes.
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Wai, Ho Yin. "Effects of deployment of artificial reefs on the marine benthic environment, with special reference to sediment physico-chemical characteristics /." access full-text access abstract and table of contents, 2009. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/thesis.pl?mphil-bch-b23750856f.pdf.

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Thesis (M.Phil.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2009.<br>"Submitted to Department of Biology and Chemistry in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-191)
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Hansson, Mattias. "Macroinvertebrate sampling in hydropeaking rivers : Testing Hester-Dendy samplers in a laboratory environment using different flow conditions." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för biologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78552.

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Degraded rivers and streams caused by disturbances have created a need for reliable tools to assess the ecological status of such ecosystems. Numerous methods and programs have been developed to assess ecological status using biological indicators, benthic macroinvertebrates are the most commonly used biotic indicator. The Hester-Dendy multi-plate sampler is a commonly used tool for sampling benthic macroinvertebrates, but its effectiveness under different environmental conditions has not been adequately tested. The aim of this study was to investigate if HD samplers assess the benthic macroinvertebrate community equally under different flow conditions. I investigated if the colonization of BMI in a constant flow differed from that of a variable flow (simulating a hydropeaking flow regime). This was studied using six aquariums, three as control with constant flows and three with variable flow conditions. One Hester-Dendy sampler and 50 benthic macro invertebrates from five different taxonomic orders were place in each aquarium. After five days of colonization the Hester-Dendy samplers were retrieved and benthic macroinvertebrates colonizing the Hester-Dendy samplers and still remaining in the aquariums were collected, preserved and analysed. Results showed that the mean sampling efficiency did not differ between the two treatments. On the other hand species diversity calculated from Shannon-Wiener index was significantly higher in the control treatment than in the variable flow treatment. The lower species diversity in the variable flow treatment is consistent with previous research on benthic macroinvertebrates affected by hydropeaking powerplants. These results can be seen as an indication of how a variable flow regime might affect the samples collected by HD samplers in a natural environment. As the artificial environments created are greatly different from a natural environment, this result might not therefore be representative in a natural environment.<br>Vattendrag kraftigt påverkade av antropogena störningarna har skapat ett behov av tillförlitliga verktyg för att kunna bedöma dessa vattendrags ekologiska status. Många olika metoder och program har utvecklats genom att använda olika biologiska indikatorer. Bentiska makroevertebrater är en av de vanligaste biotiska indikatorerna. En vanlig metod för att prov ta bentiska makroevertebrater är Hester-Dendy provtagaren. Syftet med denna studie var således att testa om provtagningseffektiviteten för Hester-Dendy provtagare påverkas olika av ett variabelt vattenflöde jämfört med ett jämnt vattenflöde. Detta studerades i sex akvarium, där tre akvarium agerade kontroll och utsattes för ett jämt flöde samt tre akvarium med variabelt flöde. En Hester-Dendy provtagare och 50 bentiska makroevertebrater från fem olika taxonomiska ordningar placerades i varje akvarium. Efter fem dagars koloniserings tid hämtades Hester-Dendy provtagarna och de bentiska makroevertebrater som koloniserade provtagaren såväl som akvariet bevarades i etanol och analyserades i labbet. Resultaten visade att den genomsnittliga provtagningseffektiviteten inte skilde sig åt mellan de två behandlingarna. Däremot var artdiversiteten beräknad med Shannon-Wiener-index signifikant högre i kontrollbehandlingen. Den lägre artdiversiteten i behandlingen med variabelt flöde stämmer överens med tidigare forskning om bentiska makroevertebrater påverkade av korttidsreglerande vattenkraftverk. Resultaten i denna studie bör ses som en indikation av hur ett varierande flöde kan påverka provtagnings effektiviteten hos en Hester-Dendy-provtagare. Detta med anledning av att den konstgjorda miljön som försöket utfördes i är vitt skilt från organismernas naturliga miljö vilket kan ha påverkat resultatet.
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Bergamino, Roman Leandro. "Spatial and temporal variations in trophic connectivity within an estuarine environment : benthic-pelagic and terrestrial-aquatic linkages via invertebrates and fishes." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017799.

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Estuarine ecosystems are among the most biologically productive areas and they provide important ecosystem services such as erosion control, habitat and refugia for several species. These environments are characterized by the presence of a variety of organic matter sources due to their transitional position between rivers and the sea. The biotic compositions can undergo spatial and seasonal changes along the estuary due to the spatial and temporal fluctuations of environmental factors such as salinity, temperature and seston loads. Therefore, the different combinations of biotic and abiotic factors make each estuary a unique ecosystem. Because of this spatial and temporal complexity, the understanding of estuarine food web structure and which factors affect the trophic relationships within the ecosystem through space and time represent challenging tasks. Furthermore, estuaries are under an increasing number of anthropogenic perturbations because of the growing concentration of human populations in coastal areas. Knowledge of ecosystem structure and functioning is essential for effective conservation and management planning of coastal areas.In this dissertation, I combine the utilization of biological tracers to examine spatial and temporal variability in the food web structure within a small temperate and microtidal estuary located in South Africa. To this end, fatty acid profiles and stable isotope signatures were measured in several primary organic matter sources and consumers (including zooplankton, fishes and benthic invertebrates) during four consecutive seasons and in three different estuarine regions: upper, middle, and lower reaches. The three reaches had distinct habitat features of vegetation type and morphology, and in particular the lower reaches were colonized by the marsh grass Spartina maritima. Isotopic mixing models were used to estimate the relative contribution of each food source to the diets of invertebrates and fishes within the estuarine food web. The isotopic and fatty acid data showed similar results. In general, the lower reaches of the estuary were characterized by a higher deposition and assimilation by brachyuran crabs of carbon derived from marsh grass detritus, whiletowards the upper reaches a mixture of microphytobenthos and particulate organic matter (phytoplankton and detritus) was deposited and sustained the pelagic and benthic fauna. The highest deposition and assimilation of marsh grass detritus in the lower reaches of the estuary occurred during periods of low freshwater discharge (autumn and winter). In the upper reaches, microphytobenthos and suspended particulate organic matter were dominant basal food resources for the food web during all seasons. These results indicated that benthic consumers incorporated mainly local carbon sources from their local habitat.To clarify isotopic and fatty acid patterns I examined the trophic behaviour of the sesarmid crab Sesarma catenata through laboratory feeding experiments. Results from these experiments validated that decomposed leaves of riparian trees and the salt marsh plant S. maritima were the preferred food of the sesarmid crabs, potentially due to high bacterial loads. The remaining leaf material not assimilated by crabs, together with faecal material, are likely important subsidies for adjacent environments, hence representing an important energy pathway involving the microbial food chain. Furthermore, this dissertation showed the importance of mobile top predators as vectors energetically connecting distinct food chains within the estuary (i.e. littoral, benthic and pelagic). I concluded that a combination of physical (i.e. patterns of freshwater discharge and estuary morphology) and biological factors (i.e. organism feeding behaviour, mobility, primary productivity, the local vegetation type) influence the pattern of dominant primary organic matter sources, and therefore the food web structure along the estuarine environment. In particular, marsh grass detritus contributed substantially to the diets of estuarine fauna during periods of low freshwater discharge. Given the importance of the salt marsh habitat in providing trophic resources, it is important to preserve this environment to sustain the natural biota and ecosystem functioning.
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Books on the topic "Benthic environment"

1

Sutherland, D. Assessment of gold mine impacts on the benthic environment of Yellowknife Bay, N.W.T. Environment Canada, Environmental Protection, Western & Northern Region, 1989.

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Jewett, Stephen Carl. Assessment of the benthic environment following offshore placer gold mining in Norton Sound, northeastern Bering Sea. University of Alaska, 1997.

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Johnson, Korie A. A review of national and international literature on the effects of fishing on benthic habitats. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, 2002.

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Chambers, Douglas B. Benthic invertebrate communities and their responses to selected environmental factors in the Kanawha River basin, West Virginia, Virginia, and North Carolina. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Chambers, Douglas B. Benthic invertebrate communities and their responses to selected environmental factors in the Kanawha River basin, West Virginia, Virginia, and North Carolina. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Chambers, Douglas B. Benthic invertebrate communities and their responses to selected environmental factors in the Kanawha River basin, West Virginia, Virginia, and North Carolina. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Chambers, Douglas B. Benthic invertebrate communities and their responses to selected environmental factors in the Kanawha River basin, West Virginia, Virginia, and North Carolina. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Hill, Mark Forrest. Spatial models of metapopulations and benthic communities in patchy environments. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 2000.

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European Court of Human Rights. Affaire Benthem =: Benthem case. Greffe de la Cour, Conseil de l'Europe, 1990.

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Brunnegård, Jenny. Benthic nitrogen cycling in deep-sea and contrasting continental margin environments. Dept. of Chemistry, Göteborg University, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Benthic environment"

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Meadows, P. S., and J. I. Campbell. "The Benthic Environment." In An Introduction to Marine Science. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3668-0_6.

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Meadows, P. S., and J. I. Campbell. "The Benthic Environment." In An Introduction to Marine Science. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7329-0_6.

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Seibold, Eugen, and Wolfgang Berger. "Benthic Organisms and Environmental Reconstruction." In Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51412-3_8.

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Tessier, A., and P. G. C. Campbell. "Partitioning of Trace Metals in Sediments and its Relationship to their Accumulation in Benthic Organisms." In Metal Speciation in the Environment. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74206-4_29.

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Çamur-Elipek, Belgin, Bülent Şen, Gazel Burcu Aydın, Menekşe Taş-Divrik, and Pınar Yıldırım. "Benthic Macroinvertebrates of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Turkey." In Tigris and Euphrates Rivers: Their Environment from Headwaters to Mouth. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57570-0_78.

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Draredja, Brahim. "Temporal Changes of Benthic Macrofauna of the Mellah Lagoon (Northeast Algeria): Effects of Development Works." In Global Change: Mankind-Marine Environment Interactions. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8630-3_32.

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Zoppini, Annamaria, Stefano Amalfitano, Stefano Fazi, and Alberto Puddu. "Dynamics of a benthic microbial community in a riverine environment subject to hydrological fluctuations (Mulargia River, Italy)." In Global Change and River Ecosystems—Implications for Structure, Function and Ecosystem Services. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0608-8_4.

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Russell, Bayden D., and Sean D. Connell. "Marine Benthic Productivity." In Coastal and Marine Environments. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429441004-22.

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Wicaksono, Pramaditya, and Wahyu Lazuardi. "Assessment of PlanetScope images for benthic habitat and seagrass species mapping in a complex optically shallow water environment." In Fine Resolution Remote Sensing of Species in Terrestrial and Coastal Ecosystems. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003191193-8.

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Scott, J. Thad, and Amy M. Marcarelli. "Cyanobacteria in Freshwater Benthic Environments." In Ecology of Cyanobacteria II. Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3855-3_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Benthic environment"

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Kotta, J., R. Aps, and K. Herkül. "Predicting ecological resilience of marine benthic communities facing a high risk of oil spills." In COASTAL ENVIRONMENT 2008. WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/cenv080091.

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Tabeta, Shigeru, Ken Okamoto, Takayoshi Kato, et al. "Environmental Regeneration for a Small-Scale Beach “Heda-Mihama Project”." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95596.

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Abstract In 1950’s and 1960’s, Mihama beach in Heda Bay located on western coast of Izu peninsular had been famous for the richness in shell fauna, for example, about 400 species including rare ones were collected. In 2000’s, however, the impoverishment of ecosystem function has become considerable, which led us to project the investigation on the origin and restoration. The authors carried out field survey in 2007–2008 and found that the impoverishment of Mihama is derived not from surface water but from the benthic environment. The measured water current at the site was quite small, which indicated the water exchange was very weak. It must be one of the main causes of unfavorable benthic environment. Thus environmental regeneration plans for Mihama was proposed in which the pears blocking the water current be removed. In order to assess the effect of proposed plans, simulation-based habitat evaluation was conducted. A three-dimensional hydrodynamic and sediment transport models were developed to reproduce the characteristics of currents and predict the sediment size around Mihama. For the assessment of the ecological status, HEP (Habitat Evaluation Procedure) was employed, in which one of the typical species of bivalves is chosen as a target species. Water depth, sediment size, friction velocity at the bottom, etc. were considered as the environmental factors for the target species. The suitability indices (SI) for each environmental factors were calculated by using the results of hydrodynamic and sediment transport simulations. By using the developed scheme, total habitat unit was evaluated for the proposed regeneration plans and compared to that without countermeasures. It was predicted that the removal of the piers will improve the habitat condition in the target site. Based on the proposal by the authors, a water pathway under the pier was built in 2009. The authors conducted field survey again in 2014 and confirmed that the benthic environment has been improved.
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Ivanovic´, Ana, Richard Neilson, Chibisi Chima-Okereke, and Jianfeng Zhu. "Influence of a Roller Clump on the Seabed." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-80145.

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The effect of the impact of trawl gears on benthic communities has been of concern during the last couple of decades. Knowledge of the response of benthic habitats to impacts from fishing gear is of great importance to the ecosystem and the management of sustainable fisheries. A European project, DEGREE (DEvelopment of Fishing Gears with Reduced Effects on the Environment), addresses this concern by focusing on quantifying the environmental and ecological impacts of fishing, developing fishing gears with reduced environmental impact, and assessing the socio-economic consequences of these changes. This paper is a preliminary study focusing primarily on the comparison between laboratory and finite element (FE) modelling of the interaction between a gear component, the roller clump of a twin trawl, and the seabed in terms of penetration and disturbance of the sediment. The FE model and experimental rig are described. Initial outputs of penetration depth from the FE calculations show that the model is highly sensitive to the yield stress and that further investigation is required to achieve full parity with laboratory observations on dry sand.
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Rubtsova, Svetlana, Svetlana Rubtsova, Natalya Lyamina, Natalya Lyamina, Aleksey Lyamin, and Aleksey Lyamin. "DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATION FOR SOLVING ENVIRONMENTAL AND HYDROBIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4315769940.

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The work is dedicated to the development of the system of coastal zone environmental assessment, grounding on the principles of integrated approach to the management of resource and environmental safety in the Azov and Black Sea region. The methodological approaches and applied assessments of the quality control analysis of sea water and benthic sediment according to the monitoring data were formed. The methods of the marine environment biomonitoring were offered; its results have a universal basis and can serve both as the index of investigated cenosis structure and its physiological state.
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Rubtsova, Svetlana, Svetlana Rubtsova, Natalya Lyamina, Natalya Lyamina, Aleksey Lyamin, and Aleksey Lyamin. "DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATION FOR SOLVING ENVIRONMENTAL AND HYDROBIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b941f56b7b3.00964002.

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The work is dedicated to the development of the system of coastal zone environmental assessment, grounding on the principles of integrated approach to the management of resource and environmental safety in the Azov and Black Sea region. The methodological approaches and applied assessments of the quality control analysis of sea water and benthic sediment according to the monitoring data were formed. The methods of the marine environment biomonitoring were offered; its results have a universal basis and can serve both as the index of investigated cenosis structure and its physiological state.
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Tait, R. D., C. L. Maxon, T. D. Parr, F. C. Newton, and J. L. Hardin. "Impact Assessment and Benthic Recruitment Following Exploration Drilling in the South Caspian Sea." In SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/86709-ms.

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Zheng, Yizhe, Yizhe Zheng, Kyohei Hayashi, et al. "INTERACTIONS BETWEEN BIOGEOCHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT AND SUSPENDED OYSTER FARMING IN SHIZUGAWA BAY, JAPAN." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4316a2d899.

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The impacts of human-induced changes in coastal environments on shellfish farming need to be mitigated. Suspended farming species, such as oysters, greatly impact planktonic communities and benthic environments via filter feeding and bio-deposition. To more effec-tively manage coastal environments and achieve ecologically sustainable shellfish farming, interactions between coastal marine environments and aquaculture activities need to be properly assessed. We examined interactions between coastal biogeochemical environments and suspended oyster farming in Shizugawa Bay of northeastern Japan. We found that particulate organic matter (POM) produced at the oyster farm (e.g., exfoliated periphyton and/or oyster feces) locally increased the concentrations of chlorophyll a and daytime dis-solved oxygen in the bottom layer. Based on the estimated budget of POM at the bay scale, the oyster feeding rate was a couple of orders of magnitude lower than the net primary production and POM inputs at the bay boundaries (e.g., offshore and in rivers). The rela-tively high exposure of the bay and high seawater mixing rate may explain the lack of mac-roscale environmental impacts of oyster cultures at the bay scale. We also found that despite the oligotrophic environment, the oyster growth rate was higher in the bay, compared with previous estimates in other coastal areas. To understand the mechanisms sustaining the production of phytoplankton and oysters, further examinations from the perspective of nu-trient cycling in the bay are required.
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Zheng, Yizhe, Yizhe Zheng, Kyohei Hayashi, et al. "INTERACTIONS BETWEEN BIOGEOCHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT AND SUSPENDED OYSTER FARMING IN SHIZUGAWA BAY, JAPAN." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9392311d49.71091477.

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The impacts of human-induced changes in coastal environments on shellfish farming need to be mitigated. Suspended farming species, such as oysters, greatly impact planktonic communities and benthic environments via filter feeding and bio-deposition. To more effec-tively manage coastal environments and achieve ecologically sustainable shellfish farming, interactions between coastal marine environments and aquaculture activities need to be properly assessed. We examined interactions between coastal biogeochemical environments and suspended oyster farming in Shizugawa Bay of northeastern Japan. We found that particulate organic matter (POM) produced at the oyster farm (e.g., exfoliated periphyton and/or oyster feces) locally increased the concentrations of chlorophyll a and daytime dis-solved oxygen in the bottom layer. Based on the estimated budget of POM at the bay scale, the oyster feeding rate was a couple of orders of magnitude lower than the net primary production and POM inputs at the bay boundaries (e.g., offshore and in rivers). The rela-tively high exposure of the bay and high seawater mixing rate may explain the lack of mac-roscale environmental impacts of oyster cultures at the bay scale. We also found that despite the oligotrophic environment, the oyster growth rate was higher in the bay, compared with previous estimates in other coastal areas. To understand the mechanisms sustaining the production of phytoplankton and oysters, further examinations from the perspective of nu-trient cycling in the bay are required.
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Durrieu, Josiane, Francois Galgani, Frans Jorissen, Laurent Cazes, and Roger Camps. "A New Monitoring Tool For Assessing Environmental Impact Of Offshore Drilling Activities: Benthic Foraminifera." In SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/111959-ms.

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Ivanovic´, Ana, Jianfeng Zhu, Richard Neilson, and Finbarr O’Neill. "Physical Impact of a Roller Clump on the Seabed." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57978.

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The envionmental impact of towed demersal gears on benthic communities has been of concern for the last couple of decades. Knowledge of the response of benthic habitats to impacts from fishing gears is of great importance to the ecosystem and the long-term management of sustainable fisheries. An on-going EU project, DEGREE (DEvelopment of Fishing Gears with Reduced Effects on the Environment), addresses this concern by focusing on quantifying the environmental and ecological impacts of fishing, developing fishing gears with reduced environmental impact, and assessing the socio-economic consequences of these changes. This paper focuses primarily on the modelling of the interaction between a gear component, the roller clump of a twin trawl, and the seabed in terms of penetration and disturbance of the seabed. A finite element model of this interface has been developed and is able to predict the penetration depth, sediment displacement and the pressure field associated with each gear component. In order to verify these predictions, sea trials have taken place over a range of sediment types at depths accessible to scientific divers using SCUBA diving techniques. This has allowed sampling of the seabed and profiling of the disturbed region for comparison with the model results. Good agreement is found.
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Reports on the topic "Benthic environment"

1

Zaneveld, J. R., and W. S. Pegau. Inherent Optical Properties in the Benthic Environment. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613922.

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Zaneveld, J. R., and Emmanuel S. Boss. Inherent Optical Properties in the Benthic Environment. Defense Technical Information Center, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627854.

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Bravo, F., J. Grant, and J. Barrell. Benthic habitat mapping and sediment nutrient cycling in a shallow coastal environment of Nova Scotia, Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305422.

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Blasco, K. A., S. M. Blasco, R. Bennett, B. MacLean, W A Rainey, and E. H. Davies. Seabed geologic features and processes and their relationship with fluid seeps and the benthic environment in the Northwest Passage. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/287316.

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Webster, T. L., K. McGuigan, N. Crowell, and N. Fee. Using topo-bathymetric LiDAR to map near shore benthic environments. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305941.

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Carder, Kendall L., and David K. Costello. Coastal Benthic Optical Properties of Coral Environments: ROV/AUV Imaging. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629787.

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Pokrzywinski, Kaytee, Kaitlin Volk, Taylor Rycroft, Susie Wood, Tim Davis, and Jim Lazorchak. Aligning research and monitoring priorities for benthic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins : a workshop summary. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41680.

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In 2018, the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center partnered with the US Army Corps of Engineers–Buffalo District, the US Environmental Protection Agency, Bowling Green State University, and the Cawthron Institute to host a workshop focused on benthic and sediment-associated cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, particularly in the context of harmful algal blooms (HAB). Technical sessions on the ecology of benthic cyanobacteria in lakes and rivers; monitoring of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins; detection of benthic and sediment-bound cyanotoxins; and the fate, transport, and health risks of cyanobacteria and their associated toxins were presented. Research summaries included the buoyancy and dispersal of benthic freshwater cyanobacteria mats, the fate and quantification of cyanotoxins in lake sediments, and spatial and temporal variation of toxins in streams. In addition, summaries of remote sensing methods, omic techniques, and field sampling techniques were presented. Critical research gaps identified from this workshop include (1) ecology of benthic cyanobacteria, (2) identity, fate, transport, and risk of cyanotoxins produced by benthic cyanobacteria, (3) standardized sampling and analysis protocols, and (4) increased technical cooperation between government, academia, industry, nonprofit organizations, and other stakeholders. Conclusions from this workshop can inform monitoring and management efforts for benthic cyanobacteria and their associated toxins.
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Voss, Kenneth J. Inelastic Light Scattering in the Coastal Zone and in Benthic Environments. Defense Technical Information Center, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628276.

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Patterson, R. T., S. M. Burbidge, and J. L. Luternauer. Atlas of common benthic foraminiferal species for Quaternary shelf environments of western Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/209575.

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Mazel, Charles. A Multispectral Fluorescence and Reflectance Probe for In Situ Characterization of Benthic Environments. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630464.

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