Journal articles: 'Benthic organisms'

1

Maatuil, Try J., Noldy G. F. Mamangkey, Indri S. Manembu, Farnis B. Boneka, Medy Ompi, and Henneke Pangkey. "FAUNA BENTOS BERUKURAN LEBIH DARI 1MM DI MUARA SUNGAI SARIO, KOTA MANADO." JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 10, no. 2 (June 2, 2022): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.10.2.2022.54980.

Full text

Abstract:

Benthic fauna is a group of benthic organisms that live on the bottom of the water or bottom of sedimentary grounds or among sediments. This study aims to understand the distribution and types of benthic faunal organisms measuring > 1mm in the Sario river at a depth of 1-3 m. Benthos sampling was carried out using a grab sampler with three repetitions. The benthic sediment sample was sieved using a 1000 m (1.0 mm) sieve. The sediment retained in the sieve was identified based on its morphological characters using a stereomicroscope. Furthermore, the number of organisms found was counted and analyzed according to the calculation of the ecological index. The results of the identification of benthic faunal organisms >1mm got a total of 60 individuals from 9 families earning an average density of 222.1 ind/m2, Diversity Index 1.04 (medium category), Uniformity Index 0.47 (medium category), and Dominance Index 0.44 (no one dominates). Keywords: Benthic Fauna, Sario River, Density, Ecological Index Abstrak Fauna bentos merupakan kelompok organisme bentos yang hidup di dasar perairan atau dasar sedimen maupun di antara sedimen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran distribusi dan jenis organisme fauna bentos yang berukuran > 1mm di daerah muara sungai Sario pada kedalaman 1-3 m. Pengambilan sampel bentos dilakukan dengan menggunakan grab sampler dengan pengulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Sampel sedimen bentos diayak menggunakan saringan 1000 µm (1,0 mm). Sedimen yang tertahan di saringan kemudian diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi dengan menggunakan bantuan mikroskop stereo. Selanjutnya jumlah organisme yang ditemukan dihitung dan dianalisis menurut perhitungan indeks ekologi. Hasil identifikasi organisme fauna bentos >1mm mendapatkan total 60 individu dari 9 famili mendapatkan hasil rata-rata kepadatan 222,1 ind/m2, Indeks Keanekaragaman 1,04 (kategori sedang), Indeks Keseragaman 0,47 (kategori sedang) dan Indeks Dominansi 0,44 (tergolong tidak ada yang mendominasi). Kata Kunci: Fauna bentos, Muara Sungai Sari, Kelimpahan, Indeks ekologi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Suryono, Chrisna Adhi. "Akumulasi Logam Berat Cr, Pb dan Cu dalam Sedimen dan Hubungannya dengan Organisme Dasar di Perairan Tugu Semarang." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 19, no. 2 (December 5, 2016): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v19i2.841.

Full text

Abstract:

The concentrations of metals in the marine sediment were found in coatal areas of Tugu Semarang. Three metals (Cr, Pb and, Cu) has found in coastal areas in research area. Shingly significantly those heavy metals have significantly influences on the abundance and diversity of benthic organisms. That has been proved by regression test which number of r= 0,99 on abundance and r= 0,92 on diversity. The increasing of heavy metals concentration will following of the number of abundance and diversity of benthic organisms in that area. Keywords: Metals, sediment,benthick organisms Konsentrasi logam berat telah ditemukan dalam sedimen laut ut di daerah pesisir Tugu Semarang. Tiga logam berat seperti (Cr, Pb, dan Cu) telah ditemukan di lokasi penelitian. Secara nyata terlihat bahwa logam tersebut berpengaruh terhadap kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman organisme dasar perairan. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan regresi berganda antara kelimpahan organisme dengan logam berat dalam sedimen dengan nilai r = 0,99, sedangkan hubungan antara keanekaragaman dengan dengan logam berat dalam sediemen dengan nilai r = 0,92. Peningkatan konsentrasi logam berat dalam sediiemen akan diikuti penurunan kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman organisme dasar perairan. Kata Kunci: Logam berat, sedimen, organisme dasar

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Tasabaramo, I. A., and A. H. Nugraha. "Abundance and Biodiversity of Benthic Infauna at Seagrass Ecosystem in Three Small Islands of Northern Papua, Indonesia: Liki Island, Meossu Island and Befondi Island." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1148, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1148/1/012022.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract One of the ecological roles of seagrass ecosystems is as a habitat for marine organisms. Benthos is a group of marine biota that lives on the bottom of the waters and can be found in seagrass ecosystems. This study aims to inventory the diversity of benthic organisms in seagrass ecosystems in Liki, Befondi and Meossu island. This research is part of the second leg of the Nusa Manggala Expedition which was held in 2018 on Liki Island, Meossu and Befondi, the northern waters of Papua.. Benthos data was collected using cores at 0 m, 50 m and 100 m on the line transect. The results of this study indicate that the highest density of seagrass is on Liki Island. In addition, 33 species of benthic organisms were found on Liki Island, 42 species on Meossu Island and 20 species on Befondi Island. The highest abundance and diversity of benthic organisms was found on Meossu Island. The dominant benthic organisms come from the gastropod class with the species having the highest abundance, Euplica scripta. Based on this research, it is suspected that there is a relationship between the condition of the seagrass ecosystem and the abundance and diversity of benthos.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Hanibe, Jodi J., Noldy G. F. Mamangkey, Indri S. Manembu, Farnis B. Boneka, Medy Ompi, and Novie P. L. Pangemanan. "KEPADATAN DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS FAUNA BENTOS (>1MM) PADA DAERAH PECAHAN KARANG DI PERAIRAN KELURAHAN MOLAS TELUK MANADO." JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 10, no. 2 (June 2, 2022): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.10.2.2022.54983.

Full text

Abstract:

Benthic fauna is a group of benthic organisms that live on the bottom of the water or the bottom of the sediment or between sediments. This study aims to obtain an overview of the distribution and types of benthic faunal organisms measuring > 1mm in the waters of Molas Village at a depth of 1-3 m, especially around coral fragments. Benthos sampling was carried out using a grab sampler with three repetitions. The benthic sediment sample was sieved using a 1000 m (1.0 mm) sieve. The sediment retained in the sieve was then identified based on its morphological characters using a stereo microscope. Furthermore, the number of organisms found was counted and analyzed according to the calculation of the ecological index. The results of the identification of benthic faunal organisms >1mm obtained a total of 36 types of mollusks consisting of 34 species belonging to the class Gastropods and 2 species belonging to the class Bivalvia which were divided into 24 families and obtained an average density of 81.4 ind/m2, Diversity Index 1, 47 (medium category), Uniformity Index 0.97 (high category) and Dominance Index 0.27 (nothing dominates). Keywords: benthic ecology, grab sampling, Manado Bay ABSTRAK Fauna bentos merupakan kelompok organisme bentos yang hidup di dasar perairan atau dasar sedimen maupun di antara sedimen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran distribusi dan jenis organisme fauna bentos yang berukuran > 1mm di daerah perairan Kelurahan Molas padakedalaman 1-3 m khususnya di sekitar pecahan karang. Pengambilan sampel bentos dilakukan dengan menggunakan grab sampler dengan pengulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Sampel sedimen bentos diayak menggunakan saringan 1000 µm (1,0 mm). Sedimen yang tertahan di saringan kemudian diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi dengan menggunakan bantuan mikroskop stereo. Selanjutnya jumlah organisme yang ditemukan dihitung dan dianalisis menurut perhitungan indeks ekologi.Hasil identifikasi organisme fauna bentos >1mm mendapatkan total 36 jenis moluska yang terdiri dari 34 spesies anggota kelas Gastropoda dan 2 spesies anggota kelas Bivalvia yang terbagi dalam 24 famili dan mendapatkan hasil rata-rata kepadatan 81,4 ind/m2, Indeks Keanekaragaman 1,47 (kategori sedang), Indeks Keseragaman 0,97 (kategori tinggi) dan Indeks Dominansi 0,27 (tergolong tidak ada yang mendominasi). Kata Kunci: Ekologi bentos, grab sampling, Teluk Manado

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Walsh, Kevin, J. Matthew Haggerty, Michael P. Doane, John J. Hansen, Megan M. Morris, Ana Paula B. Moreira, Louisi de Oliveira, et al. "Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms." PeerJ 5 (August 15, 2017): e3666. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3666.

Full text

Abstract:

As coral reef habitats decline worldwide, some reefs are transitioning from coral- to algal-dominated benthos with the exact cause for this shift remaining elusive. Increases in the abundance of microbes in the water column has been correlated with an increase in coral disease and reduction in coral cover. Here we investigated how multiple reef organisms influence microbial communities in the surrounding water column. Our study consisted of a field assessment of microbial communities above replicate patches dominated by a single macro-organism. Metagenomes were constructed from 20 L of water above distinct macro-organisms, including (1) the coral Mussismilia braziliensis, (2) fleshy macroalgae (Stypopodium, Dictota and Canistrocarpus), (3) turf algae, and (4) the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum and were compared to the water microbes collected 3 m above the reef. Microbial genera and functional potential were annotated using MG-RAST and showed that the dominant benthic macro-organisms influence the taxa and functions of microbes in the water column surrounding them, developing a specific “aura-biome”. The coral aura-biome reflected the open water column, and was associated with Synechococcus and functions suggesting oligotrophic growth, while the fleshy macroalgae aura-biome was associated with Ruegeria, Pseudomonas, and microbial functions suggesting low oxygen conditions. The turf algae aura-biome was associated with Vibrio, Flavobacterium, and functions suggesting pathogenic activity, while zoanthids were associated with Alteromonas and functions suggesting a stressful environment. Because each benthic organism has a distinct aura-biome, a change in benthic cover will change the microbial community of the water, which may lead to either the stimulation or suppression of the recruitment of benthic organisms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Hudatwi, M., I. A. Syari, E. Utami, M. A. Nugraha, I. Akhrianti, and A. Pamungkas. "Diversity of Benthic Organisms on Artificial Reef Structure." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 926, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/926/1/012033.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract One of the methods of a marine rehabilitation program to accelerate the recovery of damaged coral reefs is to make artificial reefs as a new coral growth substrate. Interestingly, many benthic invertebrates overgrowth the artificial reef structures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the benthic organisms encrusting the artificial reefs including the cement and iron substrates. In June 2018, 10 artificial reef structures were deployed in 7-8m depth around Putri Island, Belinyu, Bangka Regency. The artificial reef structures were made in the form of an iron frame with a cement concrete weight. Colonization of sessile benthic organisms is generally marine invertebrates; Scleractinia corals, sponges, bivalves, hydrozoa, bryozoa, soft corals, gastropoda, crinoid, ascidian, and gorgonian. Natural recruited coral Pocillopora sp. was found in all artificial reef structures with colony sizes 3-8cm and surprisingly only coral pocillopora found adhered in iron frames and sinkers. The other benthic organisms are sponge, crinoid, and bryozoa with the number of densities are 2 organism/m2. Meanwhile, the lowest benthic density are groups of Mollusc and Ascidian with organism/m2. The type of succession that occurs in this research was likely a primary succession. The preference of benthic organisms among reefs appeared to be related to the proximity of natural hard-bottom habitat and type of iron and coating materials.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Taboada, Sergi, Luis Francisco García-Fernández, Santiago Bueno, Jennifer Vázquez, Carmen Cuevas, and Conxita Avila. "Antitumoural activity in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic benthic organisms." Antarctic Science 22, no. 5 (July 19, 2010): 494–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102010000416.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractA prospecting search for antitumoural activity in polar benthic invertebrates was conducted on Antarctic and sub-Antarctic benthos in three different areas: Bouvet Island (sub-Antarctic), eastern Weddell Sea (Antarctica) and the South Shetland Islands (Antarctica). A total of 770 benthic invertebrate samples (corresponding to at least 290 different species) from 12 different phyla were assayed to establish their pharmacological potential against three human tumour cell lines (colorectal adenocarcinoma, lung carcinoma and breast adenocarcinoma). Bioassays resulted in 15 different species showing anticancer activity corresponding to five different phyla: Tunicata (5), Porifera (4), Cnidaria (3), Echinodermata (2) and Annelida (1). This appears to be the largest pharmacological study ever carried out in Antarctica and it shows very promising antitumoural activities in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic benthos.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Keiper, Joe B., and Dale A. Casamatta. "Benthic organisms as forensic indicators." Journal of the North American Benthological Society 20, no. 2 (June 2001): 311–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1468325.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

McKindsey, Christopher W., Philippe Archambault, Myriam D. Callier, and Frédéric Olivier. "Influence of suspended and off-bottom mussel culture on the sea bottom and benthic habitats: a review1This review is part of a virtual symposium on current topics in aquaculture of marine fish and shellfish." Canadian Journal of Zoology 89, no. 7 (July 2011): 622–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z11-037.

Full text

Abstract:

Aquaculture is the fastest growing sector of the food industry, raising concerns about the influence of this activity on the environment. We take a holistic approach to review off-bottom and suspended mussel culture effects on the benthic environment and benthic communities. Both longline and “bouchot” mussel culture add much physical structure (infrastructure and mussels) to the environment, altering hydrosedimentary processes by modifying currents and increasing sedimentation locally, and providing habitat for many benthic organisms. Biodeposition from mussels and these organisms increases benthic organic loading and linked biogeochemical processes to influence O2, pH, redox potentials, dissolved sulphides, and other sediment parameters, benthic respiration and nutrient fluxes, and benthic infaunal communities. Mussel culture may also influence seagrasses and algae, although this has not been well-studied. Far-field effects on the benthos may occur through a number of mechanisms, including aggregation of epibenthic macrofauna in culture sites, alteration of plankton communities, and the enhancement of exotic and indigenous pest species owing to the addition of physical structure to the environment. Quantitative relationships between farming level and benthic influences are lacking, making predictions of effects difficult.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Mansyur, Kasim, Achmad Rizal, Musayyadah Tis'in, Muh Saleh Nurdin, and Nuke Susanti. "Composition of coral species and benthic organism at Tiaka Oilfield, Tolo Bay, Central Sulawesi." Tomini Journal of Aquatic Science 1, no. 1 (May 21, 2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37905/tjas.v1i1.5941.

Full text

Abstract:

This research aims to find out the composition of the coral and benthic organisms at Tiaka Oilfield. This study was conducted in July 2015. Monitoring of coral and benthic organisms used line intercept transect and visual census method. The research results indicated that 16 coral species were consisting of 6 genera. Coral species dominated by the genus Acropora. Benthic organisms that live in symbiosis with coral reef ecosystems in the Tiaka Oil Field were found 11 benthic species consisting of 54 species

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Belfroid, A. C., D. T. H. M. Sijm, and C. A. M. Van Gestel. "Bioavailability and toxicokinetics of hydrophobic aromatic compounds in benthic and terrestrial invertebrates." Environmental Reviews 4, no. 4 (April 1, 1996): 276–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a96-015.

Full text

Abstract:

Uptake and accumulation of persistent hydrophobic chemicals by benthic and terrestrial invertebrates in water, sediment, and soil depends on the hydrophobicity of the compound (log Kow) and the lipid content of the organism. Several methods exist to determine the route of uptake. Their advantages and drawbacks are discussed. The route of uptake of hydrophobic contaminants is mainly via interstitial water, but for compounds with log Kow > 5 uptake from soil and sediment particles becomes important. In the presence of sediment or soil, the bulk of hydrophobic contaminants is sorbed to sediment/soil particles. Accumulation is, therefore, also controlled by sorption-related factors, such as the organic matter content and composition of sediment/soil, the presence of oil, particle size distribution, and the residence time of the contaminant. Other factors may be clay content and the presence of metals. It is shown that organic matter is the most important factor controlling accumulation in benthic and terrestrial organisms, while residence time of the contaminant and composition of organic matter seem to be of next importance. Also animal behaviour influences uptake and accumulation, such as size of the organism, avoidance of highly contaminated sites, burrowing behaviour, biotransformation, density of the organism population, and bioturbation. The influence of above mentioned factors on the equilibrium partitioning theory and related models for estimating accumulation levels was examined. The omittance of uptake from soil and sediment particles, the normalization on lipid content irrespective of other animal characteristics, biotransformation, organic matter composition, residence time of the contaminant, and the presence of oil are major factors interfering. As a result, a discrepancy between equilibrium partitioning theory estimated and actual accumulation levels of persistent hydrophobic compounds in benthic and terrestrial organisms exist.Key words: hydrophobic chemicals, accumulation, bioavailability, terrestrial organisms, benthic organisms, equilibrium partitioning theory.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

S., Vineetha. "Macrobenthic Community Structure During Fallow Season in Kole Paddy Fields, Northern Kerala, India." Journal of Advance Research in Pharmacy & Biological Science (ISSN: 2208-2360) 2, no. 11 (November 30, 2016): 09–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnpbs.v2i11.700.

Full text

Abstract:

Despite the recognized contribution of benthic fauna in nutrient enhancement, very little information is available from Indian paddy fields. This study analyzed the benthic community structure during fallow season in Kole paddy fields, a part of Vembanad Kole wetlands (a Ramsar site), Northern Kerala, India. Study area during fallow season was characterized by isolated water patches amidst of terrestrial vegetation (grass). The macrobenthic fauna belonged to the phyla Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca and families Tubificidae, Naididae, Chironomidae, Ceratopogonida, Chaoboridae, Ceratopogonidae, Gyrinidae and Bithynidae. These organisms possessed various survival mechanisms that ensured their survival against dry periods. Insects were the major benthic organisms; the habitat fragmentation due to isolated distant water patches during fallow season favored insect taxa more due to their active/flight mode of dispersal compared to oligochaetes which are benthic crawlers. Macrobenthic abundance was less (166±60 ind./m2), attributed to reduced habitable area for benthos due to habitat desiccation. A decline in abundance was apparent from January to June 2010, the beginning to end of fallow season except in April where the onset of rain after a dry spell made the dry area wet, thereby making the inactive dormant forms of organisms live, resulting in an increased abundance. Diversity analysis of benthic families revealed that highest richness (d) of 1.235 was in March and diversity (H') of 2.603 was in March. No significant correlation emerged between benthic abundance and the measured environmental parameters, implying that the interaction of biota and physico chemical variables was overridden by someother unmeasured factors.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Bremle, G., and G. Ewald. "Bioconcentration of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in chironomid larvae, oligochaete worms and fish from contaminated lake sediment." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 1 (1995): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9950267.

Full text

Abstract:

Values were determined for PCB bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for fish and BSF (ratio of organism-to-sediment PCB concentration) for fish, oligochaete worms and chironomid larvae, collected in a PCB-contaminated lake in the south of Sweden. Generally, the BCF and BSF increased slightly with increasing PCB lipophilicity. This was not the case for PCBs with a log octanol/water partitioning coefficient of >7, for which the BCF and BSF values levelled off or decreased. The BSF curves for PCBs were similar for the two benthic organisms but different for fish. There was a variation in PCB domain patterns for the benthic organisms between sampling points. This could be an effect of varying bioavailability of the PCBs in the different sediment types. Despite the similarity in BSF patterns for the benthic organisms, the PCB concentration in chironomids was about twice that in oligochaete worms. The chironomid lipids contained more than twice the amount of non-polar lipid components than did the lipids in oligochaete worms, which probably influenced the lipid/sediment equilibrium of PCB.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Berlino, M., G. Sarà, and M. C. Mangano. "Functional Trait-Based Evidence of Microplastic Effects on Aquatic Species." Biology 12, no. 6 (June 2, 2023): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12060811.

Full text

Abstract:

Microplastics represent an ever-increasing threat to aquatic organisms. We merged data from two global scale meta-analyses investigating the effect of microplastics on benthic organisms’ and fishes’ functional traits. Results were compared, allowing differences related to vertebrate and invertebrate habitat, life stage, trophic level, and experimental design to be explored. Functional traits of aquatic organisms were negatively affected. Metabolism, growth, and reproduction of benthic organisms were impacted, and fish behaviour was significantly affected. Responses differed by trophic level, suggesting negative effects on trophic interactions and energy transfer through the trophic web. The experimental design was found to have the most significant impact on results. As microplastics impact an organism’s performance, this causes indirect repercussions further up the ecological hierarchy on the ecosystem’s stability and functioning, and its associated goods and services are at risk. Standardized methods to generate salient targets and indicators are urgently needed to better inform policy makers and guide mitigation plans.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Gaylord, B., B. B. Hale, and M. W. Denny. "Consequences of transient fluid forces for compliant benthic organisms." Journal of Experimental Biology 204, no. 7 (April 1, 2001): 1347–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.7.1347.

Full text

Abstract:

The diversity of form among benthic marine plants and animals on rocky coasts is remarkable. Stiff and strong organisms grow alongside others that are compliant and flimsy. Given the severity of wave action on many shores and thus the potential for the imposition of large hydrodynamic forces, this immediately raises the question of how, from this overall spectrum of designs, flexible and weak organisms survive. A number of explanations have been proposed, most emphasizing one or more of several possible advantages of deformability. Here, we explore quantitatively two of the more common of these explanations: (i) that strength can be traded against extensibility in allowing stretchy organisms to withstand transient wave forces, and (ii) that greater compliance (and thus longer organism response times) allows universally for the amelioration of brief loads. We find that, although these explanations contain kernels of validity and are accurate for a subset of conditions, they are not as general as has often been assumed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Ritson-Williams, Raphael, Valerie J. Paul, and Victor Bonito. "Marine benthic cyanobacteria overgrow coral reef organisms." Coral Reefs 24, no. 4 (November 10, 2005): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-005-0059-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Reynoldson, Trefor B. "Interactions between sediment contaminants and benthic organisms." Hydrobiologia 149, no. 1 (June 1987): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00048646.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Richardson, John S., and Colin D. Levings. "Chlorinated Organic Contaminants in Benthic Organisms of the Lower Fraser River, British Columbia." Water Quality Research Journal 31, no. 1 (February 1, 1996): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1996.009.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Benthic insects, sediments and sculpins were collected from the Fraser River, British Columbia, in winter 1993 to assess concentrations of chlorinated organic contaminants. Concentrations of most chlorinated dioxins/furans and phenolics (phenols, guaiacols and catechols) analyzed were below detection limits. Concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran were 2.5 to 6.5 pg/g wet mass in four different taxonomic groupings of aquatic insects. Other chlorinated dioxins/furans detected were heptachlorodioxins and octachlorodioxin in sediments and detritivorous benthic insects, tetrachlorodibenzofurans (not including 2,3,7,8-TCDF) in insects, and pentachlorodibenzofurans. Some chlorinated phenolics, e.g., 3,4,5-trichloroguaiacol, were found in most taxa. Highest concentrations of phenolics were measured in prickly sculpins (Cottus asper) about an order of magnitude higher than in benthos, but all concentrations were less than 6 ng/g wet mass. Concentrations of the chlorinated organics measured were in the same range as those for juvenile chinook salmon collected at the same sites.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Barnes, David K. A., and Kathleen E. Conlan. "Disturbance, colonization and development of Antarctic benthic communities." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 362, no. 1477 (November 30, 2006): 11–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1951.

Full text

Abstract:

A decade has yielded much progress in understanding polar disturbance and community recovery—mainly through quantifying ice scour rates, other disturbance levels, larval abundance and diversity, colonization rates and response of benthos to predicted climate change. The continental shelf around Antarctica is clearly subject to massive disturbance, but remarkably across so many scales. In summer, millions of icebergs from sizes smaller than cars to larger than countries ground out and gouge the sea floor and crush the benthic communities there, while the highest wind speeds create the highest waves to pound the coast. In winter, the calm associated with the sea surface freezing creates the clearest marine water in the world. But in winter, an ice foot encases coastal life and anchor ice rips benthos from the sea floor. Over tens and hundreds of thousands of years, glaciations have done the same on continental scales—ice sheets have bulldozed the seabed and the zoobenthos to edge of shelves. We detail and rank modern disturbance levels (from most to least): ice; asteroid impacts; sediment instability; wind/wave action; pollution; UV irradiation; volcanism; trawling; non-indigenous species; freshwater inundation; and temperature stress. Benthic organisms have had to recolonize local scourings and continental shelves repeatedly, yet a decade of studies have demonstrated that they have (compared with lower latitudes) slow tempos of reproduction, colonization and growth. Despite massive disturbance levels and slow recolonization potential, the Antarctic shelf has a much richer fauna than would be expected for its area. Now, West Antarctica is among the fastest warming regions and its organisms face new rapid changes. In the next century, temperature stress and non-indigenous species will drastically rise to become dominant disturbances to the Antarctic life. Here, we describe the potential for benthic organisms to respond to disturbance, focusing particularly on what we know now that we did not a decade ago.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Olapoju, O. A., A. O. Osibona, D. N. Olayinka, C. A. Edokpayi, and O. B. Samuel. "GIS in environmental monitoring and assessment of dredging activites in a perturbed estuarine Lagoon." Journal of Aquatic Sciences 35, no. 1 (September 17, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jas.v35i1.1.

Full text

Abstract:

The study aimed at mapping and characterizing the benthic communities of Lagos Lagoon based on how the sediment define the distribution of organisms in response to dredging activity of the area. The hydrographic survey of was carried out with the aid of an echo-sounder and side-scan sonar and plotted in ArcGIS 10.3.1. The benthic macroinvertebrate ecology in relation to human activities was defined and studied in ten selected dredged stations. Habitat suitability maps of dominant species were plotted using spatial analyst tool. The removal of organisms with the sediment resulted into increased turbidity, suspended solids and modified sediment characteristics in the study area. The known venus, pachymelania, mangrove, estuarine-amphioplus and estuarine-rock macroinvertebrate communities were intact. However, there were changes in the composition of the communities with Donax acutangulus going into extinction. Multivariate analysis showed that the observed benthic communities and sediment characteristics were sandy in nature. The observed assemblage of organism was mostly dominated by bivalve - Atactodea striata of the family Mesodesmatidae at Ogun river station which was characterised by sand. The results revealed a patchy distribution of organisms having abundant macroinvertebrates with less diversity which may be as a result of the on-going dredging activities in the area. Keywords: Macrobenthos, bathymetry, sediment, dredging, GIS

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Chaliluddin, Makwiyah A., Shella Yusnita, Thaib Rizwan, Sayyid Afdhal El Rahimi, Ichsan Rusydi, and Roesa Nellyana. "Macrobenthos as an indicator of water quality assessment in Kutaraja Fishing Port, Indonesia." Depik 11, no. 1 (April 27, 2022): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/depik.11.1.25365.

Full text

Abstract:

Water quality is influenced by the high activity in the port area, resulting in decreasing water quality. The biological parameters based on the structure of the aquatic community of organisms that act as bioindicators could be indicated as changes in water quality around the port. Bioindicators are a group of living organisms susceptible to environmental changes due to human activities and natural damage. One of the aquatic organisms that can be used as an indicator of water quality is Benthos because of its sedentary nature. This study aims to determine the quality of the water environment seen from the benthic community structure, namely density, diversity index, uniformity and dominance index, to embody the clean and pollution-free Kutaraja Fishing Port. The research shows that the aquatic environment of Kutaraja Fishing Port is included as the less stable category with a moderate diversity value (H' 1) but has high benthic individual uniformity (E 0.6), which means that individuals are evenly distributed a low dominance value or C is close to 0.Keywords:Water qualityBio-indicatorBenthosKutarajaBanda Aceh

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Hidding, H., and J. S. Bouwhuis. "Soil Contamination, Contaminant Levels in Benthic Organisms and Intake by Oystercatchers on Tidal Flats in the Eastern Scheldt." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 10 (November 1, 1991): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0313.

Full text

Abstract:

In the vicinity of former wrecking sites two tidal flats were investigated for the contents of heavy metals, PCBs and PAHs in both the sediment and in benthic organisms (cockle, mussel and lugworm). In the silt fraction PCB concentrations up to 140 µg/kg.dm were found. PAHs were detectable in all the soil fractions. Contaminant levels in organisms were enhanced. PCBs could only be observed in lugworms. Significant correlations were found between levels of lead, six individual PAHs and five individual PCBs in lugworm and in the silt fraction. The intake of contaminants is not expected to affect short-term hatching results of the oystercatcher feeding on the benthic organisms. Biomass and abundance of benthic species are not affected significantly.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Gili, Josep-Maria, Begoña Vendrell-Simón, Wolf Arntz, Francesc Sabater, and Joandomènec Ros. "The benthos: the ocean’s last boundary?" Scientia Marina 84, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 463–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05091.24a.

Full text

Abstract:

Benthic communities depend on receiving much of their food from the water column. While sinking, particles are transformed in a discontinuous process and are temporally retained in transitional physical structures, which act as boundaries and contribute to their further transformation. Motile organisms are well-acquainted with boundaries. The number, width and placement of boundaries are related to the degree of particle degradation or transformation. Progressively deepening within each boundary, particles are degraded according to their residence time in the discontinuity and the activity of the organisms temporarily inhabiting that boundary. Finally, particles reach the seafloor and represent the main food source for benthic organisms; the quality and quantity of this food have a strong impact on the development of benthic communities. However, benthic communities not only play the role of a sink of matter: they act as an active boundary comparable to other oceanic boundaries, in accordance with the boundary concept proposed by the ecologist Ramon Margalef.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Imam, Noha, and Reda E. Bendary. "Biomonitoring of radioactive contamination using benthic invertebrate communities in Manzala Lake, Egypt." Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies 52, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 147–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/oahs-2023.2.02.

Full text

Abstract:

Manzala Lake, the largest in Egypt’s Nile Delta, has significant human activity. The Lake’s ecological condition has recently been impacted by a significant increase in agricultural, industrial, and urban wastewater discharge. Avaluable tool for monitoring the water quality of Manzal aLake is the sensitivity of invertebrate species to various types of pollution, such as radioactive contamination. Activity concentrations of radionuclides Radium-226 (226Ra),Thorium-232 (232Th), Potassium-40 ( 40K), and Caesium-137(137Cs) were measured in water, sediments and benthic invertebrate samples in 2020. The benthic community’s spatial distribution and the radionuclides’ bioaccumulation were evaluated to determine possible relationships.Thirty taxa of benthic invertebrates were recognised.The data illustrated that the mean activity concentratio nof radionuclides in water was in the order of 40K > 232Th >226Ra > 137Cs, which changed into 40K > 226Ra > 232Th > 137Csin the sediment and benthic invertebrates. Gastropoda and Ostracoda are the dominating groups of benthos in the lake and are related to the highest concentrations of radionuclides. The benthos species with shells dominated at the sites with the highest activity concentration of 226Ra, while soft-bodied organisms dominated in sites with the highest average 137Cs activity in these samples.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Lebedeva, N. V., N. N. Fateev, A. L. Nikulina, O. L. Zimina, and E. A. Garbul. "Mercury in components of ecosystems of Western Spitsbergen fijord in summer, 2017." Arctic and Antarctic Research 64, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 311–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30758/0555-2648-2018-64-3-311-325.

Full text

Abstract:

The total content of mercury was studied in marine water, sediments and benthic organisms in Billefjord, Isfjord and Gronfjord (Western Spitsbergen) in 2017. The samples were collected between 21 and 24 of July 2017 on-board RV “Dalnie Zelentsy” of Murmansk Marine Biological Institute. Total mercury content was measured at chemical-analytical laboratory of the Russian Scientific Center on Spitsbergen in Barentsburg.Total mercury concentration in the water did not exceed 10 ng/l in all fjords. In the surface sediments the highest concentrations of total mercury were found in Isfjord (median 55 ng/g d.w.) while the Billefjord sediments were characterised by the lowest concentrations (median 10.4 ng/g d.w.). This fact might reflect the differences in water circulation and therefore sediment accumulation peculiarities.Total mercury data were obtained for benthic organisms of various feeding modes. Generally mercury levels were comparatively low (median 12.2 ng/g w.w.), however the highest concentrations were measured in the benthic fauna of Isfjord, specifically in polychaetes Maldania sarsi (max. 49.2 ng/g w.w.). Mercury accumulation in benthic organisms predominantly depended on their trophic level in the ecosystem and location in the fjord: benthic detritus feeders accumulate more mercury (median 25.0 ng/gw.w.).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Mahmudin, Mahmudin, Fajria Sari Sakaria, and Veranika Veranika. "Dampak Perluasan Lahan Tambak Terhadap Keanekaragaman Makrozoobenthos Di Ekosistem Mangrove." Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 20, no. 3 (March 11, 2022): 546–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jil.20.3.546-552.

Full text

Abstract:

Pengalihan fungsi lahan mangrove menjadi tambak masyarakat telah menyebabkan proses abrasi dan sedimentasi yang cukup parah, sehingga diduga menyebabkan kontaminasi terhadap keberadaan biota pada lahan tersebut salah satunya yaitu organisme benthos. Berdasarkan kajian literatur terjadi kenaikan luasan tambak di kota Palopo dari 815 ha pada tahun 2005 menjadi 1.566 ha di tahun 2019. Kenaikan luasan tambak tersebut dapat memberikan dampak terhadap kelestarian ekosistem mangrove dan biota-biota yang berasosiasi dengan lahan mangrove khususnya organisme benthos. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kondisi keanekaragaman organisme benthos yang berada pada ekosistem mangrove yang telah diubah menjadi area tambak di Kota Palopo. Lokasi pengamatan terbagi dalam satu kawasan ekosistem mangrove yang telah di konversi menjadi lahan tambak dan satu kawasan ekosistem mangrove yang tidak dikonversi menjadi lahan mangrove (kontrol). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai keanekaragaman lebih tinggi di peroleh pada lokasi kontrol dibandingkan dengan lokasi tambak. Lokasi kontrol memiliki nilai keanekargaman 1,315 dan lokasi tambak nilai 0,223.ABSTRACTThe conversion of the function of mangrove land into community ponds has caused a process of abrasion and sedimentation that is quite severe, so it is suspected that it causes contamination of the presence of biota on the land, one of which is benthic organisms. Based on a literature review, there was an increase in the area of ponds in the city of Palopo from 815 ha in 2005 to 1,566 ha in 2019. The increase in pond area can have an impact on the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem and the biota associated with mangrove land, especially benthic organisms. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of benthos biodiversity in the mangrove ecosystem that has been converted into a pond area in Palopo City. The observation location is divided into one mangrove ecosystem area that has been converted into pond land and one mangrove ecosystem area that has not been converted to mangrove land (control). The results showed that higher diversity values were obtained at the control location compared to the pond location. The control location has a diversity value of 1.315 and the location of the pond has a value of 0.223.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Gilligan, Morgan, Kelli Hunsucker, Sandra Rech, Alyssa Sharma, Rebecca Beltran, Ryan T. White, and Robert Weaver. "Assessing the Biological Performance of Living Docks—A Citizen Science Initiative to Improve Coastal Water Quality through Benthic Recruitment within the Indian River Lagoon, Florida." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 6 (June 16, 2022): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10060823.

Full text

Abstract:

Like many estuaries worldwide, the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), has seen a decline in resources and overall water quality due to human activities. One method to help restore water quality and benthic habitats is to construct and deploy oyster restoration mats on dock pilings, known as the Living Docks program. This community-driven program was founded to promote the growth of filter-feeding benthic organisms and improve local water quality. The purpose of this study was to assess the growth and performance at four of the Living Dock locations and to provide feedback to the citizens who were involved in the initial process and deployments. Four docks were biologically assessed for temporal changes during three-time points throughout the year, as denoted by changes in temperature in October, February, and June. The back of each mat was also analyzed for organism cementation to the piling. The presence of filter-feeding organisms was found to vary both spatially and temporally, especially for the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica), encrusting bryozoan (Schizobrachiella verrilli), sponges (Demospongiae), and barnacles (Amphibalanus amphitrite, Amphibalanus eburneus). A greater diversity in the sessile benthic flora and fauna was seen during the June sampling period. Cementation on the pilings was due to a combination of barnacles and sponge growth. Cementation was observed to increase from October and decrease for all but one dock for the June sampling period. The results demonstrate this restoration project to be successful in promoting the growth of benthic organisms, while also providing understanding into seasonal trends amongst species. Hopefully, the positive output will encourage more community members and citizen scientists to participate in the ongoing effort to help restore water quality in the IRL.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Kändler, Matthias, and Christina Seidler. "Influence of Hydrological Situations on Benthic Organisms in a Small River in Saxony (Germany)." Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johh-2013-0024.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This research was focused on the relationship between river discharge and organism drift. It was carried out for three years in a small heavily modified river in Saxony (Germany). The amount and species composition of drifting invertebrates were observed, depending on discharge and flow velocity. A station was installed where the flow velocity was continually measured and drifting organisms were caught with nets. An inventory of the aquatic community (benthic invertebrates) was taken to determine the species living in the river at the research station. The highest drift density measured was 578 organisms per m3 at a flow velocity of 0.90 m s-1, the mainly drifting organisms were Chironomidae. Different organisms groups started drifting at different flow velocities. Heavy impacts, such as dredging the river and flood waves, affected the aquatic ecosystems and severely changed the aquatic community regarding the number and the diversity. Some of the aquatic invertebrates such as the Anthothecata completely disappeared after dredging. It was found that many different terrestrial organisms were part of the drift. The typical family of soil biota Collembola represented the largest share.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Rech, Sandra, Kelli Z. Hunsucker, and Robert J. Weaver. "Modeling Benthic Community Settlement and Recruitment on Living Dock Restoration Mats." Environments 10, no. 8 (August 3, 2023): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments10080138.

Full text

Abstract:

An increase in population along the Indian River Lagoon has led to eutrophication, a decline in water quality, and overall degradation. The Living Docks program is a citizen–science initiative started at the Florida Institute of Technology for lagoon restoration. Public and private docks are volunteered to become Living Docks, where oyster mats are attached to dock pilings to provide a natural substrate for benthic organism growth. The community development on the oyster mats boosts water filtration to improve overall water quality and combat anthropogenic effects on the lagoon. The purpose of this project was to model benthic settlement and recruitment of prominent organisms on the Living Dock oyster mats at four research sites with specific environmental factors (e.g., temperature, salinity, turbidity, and pH). Beta regression models for recruitment and settlement were created for five of the more dominant organisms observed: oyster, barnacle, sponge, tubeworm, and encrusting bryozoan. The results of the modeling indicated that the settlement was influenced by pH, salinity, dock location, and turbidity, while recruitment was influenced by pH, salinity, dock location, and immersion time. This project provides insight into how lagoon conditions surrounding the Living Docks impact benthic growth and can aid in IRL restoration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Bak, RPM, M. Joenje, I. de Jong, DYM Lambrechts, and G. Nieuwland. "Bacterial suspension feeding by coral reef benthic organisms." Marine Ecology Progress Series 175 (1998): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps175285.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Suo, Rei, Haoqi Li, Kazuaki Yoshinaga, Toshiharu Nagai, Hoyo Mizobe, Koichi Kojima, Koji Nagao, Fumiaki Beppu, and Naohiro Gotoh. "Generation of Tetracosahexaenoic Acid in Benthic Marine Organisms." Journal of Oleo Science 64, no. 7 (2015): 721–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess15079.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Roelandts, I., and C. L. V. Monty. "Rare-earth elements in recent calcareous benthic organisms." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles 112, no. 2 (May 1987): 531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02132384.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Chen, Yu-Chi, Ta-Jen Chu, Ju-Der Wei, and Chun-Han Shih. "Effects of mangrove removal on benthic organisms in the Siangshan Wetland in Hsinchu, Taiwan." PeerJ 6 (October 4, 2018): e5670. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5670.

Full text

Abstract:

Mangrove degradation is a well-documented trend, but the spread of mangroves within the Siangshan Wetland in Hsinchu, Taiwan, runs contrary to that trend. The spread of mangroves changes the structure and functions of habitats for benthic organisms, causes infilling of estuaries and flooding and creates breeding grounds for small black mosquitoes. A large-scale mangrove-removal project was undertaken by the Hsinchu City Government from October 2015 to March 2016. They also investigated the consequences of mangrove removal on benthic organisms and adjacent habitats from October 2015 to September 2016, and the density, species count, Shannon–Wiener index (H′), and Pielou’s evenness index (J′) of the mangrove and non-mangrove regions were compared. In this study, we used satellite telemetry images to monitor fluctuations in mangrove density from 2006 to 2016. The non-mangrove region exhibited more variations than the mangrove region. After mangrove removal, species returned to their original habitats and noteworthy biological values significantly increased in the mangrove regions. This study presents evidence to argue that mangrove removal benefits benthic organisms. The results indicate that mangrove removal can be an appropriate habitat rehabilitation strategy for benthic organisms. The ecological findings of this study can inform coastal managers or other officials who seek to steward mangrove biomass.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Sessa, Jocelyn Anne, Ekaterina Larina, Katja Knoll, Matthew Garb, J. Kirk Cochran, Brian T. Huber, Kenneth G. MacLeod, and Neil H. Landman. "Ammonite habitat revealed via isotopic composition and comparisons with co-occurring benthic and planktonic organisms." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 51 (November 16, 2015): 15562–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1507554112.

Full text

Abstract:

Ammonites are among the best-known fossils of the Phanerozoic, yet their habitat is poorly understood. Three common ammonite families (Baculitidae, Scaphitidae, and Sphenodiscidae) co-occur with well-preserved planktonic and benthic organisms at the type locality of the upper Maastrichtian Owl Creek Formation, offering an excellent opportunity to constrain their depth habitats through isotopic comparisons among taxa. Based on sedimentary evidence and the micro- and macrofauna at this site, we infer that the 9-m-thick sequence was deposited at a paleodepth of 70–150 m. Taxa present throughout the sequence include a diverse assemblage of ammonites, bivalves, and gastropods, abundant benthic foraminifera, and rare planktonic foraminifera. No stratigraphic trends are observed in the isotopic data of any taxon, and thus all of the data from each taxon are considered as replicates. Oxygen isotope-based temperature estimates from the baculites and scaphites overlap with those of the benthos and are distinct from those of the plankton. In contrast, sphenodiscid temperature estimates span a range that includes estimates of the planktonic foraminifera and of the warmer half of the benthic values. These results suggest baculites and scaphites lived close to the seafloor, whereas sphenodiscids sometimes inhabited the upper water column and/or lived closer to shore. In fact, the rarity and poorer preservation of the sphenodiscids relative to the baculites and scaphites suggests that the sphenodiscid shells may have only reached the Owl Creek locality by drifting seaward after death.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Chiasson, Wayne B., David LG Noakes, and F. William H. Beamish. "Habitat, benthic prey, and distribution of juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) in northern Ontario rivers." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54, no. 12 (December 1, 1997): 2866–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f97-194.

Full text

Abstract:

The spatial and temporal distribution and relative abundance of juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) and benthic macroinvertebrates were examined in the Mattagami and Groundhog rivers, tributaries of the Moose River in northern Ontario, Canada. Relative density and diversity of the benthic fauna were low, the most common taxa being Ablabesmyia sp. (Diptera) and Hexagenia sp. (Ephemeroptera). Benthic organisms were most abundant in substrate dominated by sand and clay. An appreciable portion of the riverbed was strewn with wood chips and was particularly depauperate of macrobenthos. Lake sturgeon foraged exclusively on the benthos, especially taxa of Ephemeroptera, Diptera, and Trichoptera. Hexagenia was the only prey species in greater density in sturgeon stomachs than in the benthos. The largest concentration of juvenile lake sturgeon was found adjacent to substrate dominated by sand and clay. Gillnet catches of lake sturgeon suggest that they are more active at night, which may enhance their foraging success. In these northern rivers, the trophic status of juvenile lake sturgeon is marginalized by an impoverished food supply, in part the consequence of habitat loss resulting from anthropogenic activities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Feldmann, Rodney M., Carrie E. Schweitzer, Shixue Hu, Jinyuan Huang, Changyong Zhou, Qiyue Zhang, Wen Wen, Tao Xie, and Evin Maguire. "Spatial distribution of Crustacea and associated organisms in the Luoping Biota (Anisian, Middle Triassic), Yunnan Province, China: evidence of periodic mass kills." Journal of Paleontology 89, no. 6 (November 2015): 1022–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2015.60.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe distribution of all recognized biotic elements was mapped on five extensive surfaces of the Middle Triassic Guanling Formation exposed in quarries near Luoping, Yunnan Province, China. A 0.5 m2 grid was overlain on the surfaces, and all recognizable fossils were located by placing them in one of nine quadrants within the grid. A total of 240 m2 were mapped, and each specimen observed was recorded as one of 15 categories, subsequently grouped as pelagic, benthic, and other (bone, trace fossils, algae). The pelagic component, fish, thylacocephalans, and mysidaceans, dominated all layers. The benthic component was sparse on all surfaces; epifaunal, vagrant organisms were the dominant forms, suggesting that the substrate was unsuitable for infaunal and sessile epifaunal organisms. Shrimp and bivalves dominated the benthic organisms. Two of the surfaces were overwhelmingly dominated by mysidaceans, and one was dominated by thylacocephalans, suggesting that their remains documented periodic mass kills of swarming, pelagic organisms. Scanning electron microscope analysis of the bedding surfaces revealed nothing remarkable about the sediment, suggesting that the cause of death of the organisms was likely due to an event within the water column, possibly an algae bloom, not recorded in the sediment record.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Fujimaru, Teruki, Haruki Hirasawa, Hajime Tachiki, Takumi Asakura, Katsunori Mizuno, and Koji Seike. "Estimation of seafloor burrow length and inclination using underwater ultrasound." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, no. 4 (November 30, 2023): 4272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0603.

Full text

Abstract:

There are many benthic organisms on the seafloor. Then, Some benthic organisms form burrows beneath the seafloor. These burrows have a considerable influence on the surrounding environment providing shelter for symbionts other than the main organisms and promoting water circulation in seafloor sediments. Therefore, the investigation of the burrow morphology of benthic organisms can be valid for marine environment conservation. Several methods already exist that can estimate the burrow shape and the organisms within the burrows. However, there is a need for a method suitable for screening surveys to measure many burrows. In this study, a novel method to estimate the morphology of the burrow interior, such as the total length and slope, using underwater ultrasound was proposed. By using this method, it is expected to enable quick and nondestructive measurement of the internal conditions of a burrow. This paper discusses the feasibility of using the proposed method to estimate the length and inclination of the burrow based on the results of laboratory experiments and field surveys. It was confirmed that the inclination angle and the length of the actual burrow can be accurately estimated on the order of 4 deg. and up to 18 cm, respectively.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Widianingsih, Mastuti. "Pengelompokkan Foraminifera Bentik Di Perairan Teluk Balikpapan Berdasarkan Komposisi Pembentuk Cangkang." Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences 3, no. 1 (January 4, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmas.2017.v3.i01.1-9.

Full text

Abstract:

Balikpapan Bay is one of the bays in Indonesia. One of the organisms in these waters are benthic foraminifera. The objective of this research was to determine the type of benthic foraminifera based composition forming the shells in Balikpapan Bay, East Kalimantan. The sediment samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 meters, then do picking, collection, as well as the identification of the type and composition shells forming of the benthic foraminifera. The results showed the benthic foraminifera Balikpapan Bay waters with sediment samples at a depth of 0-20 meters consists of benthic foraminifera shell of sandy, benthic foraminifera shell of porcelain, and benthic foraminifera shell of hyalin.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Latifa, Gulshan Ara, Mst Mahmuda Parvin, and Md Shahidul Islam. "Monthly Variation of Benthic Fauna in Relation to Water Quality of Rajdhala Beel, Netrokona." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 49, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v49i1.53682.

Full text

Abstract:

The knowledge on benthic fauna is important to know the biological interactions of the ecosystem. Abundance and composition of benthos along with some physico-chemical parameters of water of Rajdhalabeel, Netrokona was carried out from May 1998 to April 1999. The water parameters varied between or within the months but they did not vary from location to location. The benthic organisms had fluctuated both quantitatively and qualitatively. Considerable variation of benthos was detected during the period of the study. The composition of benthos were 38.26%, 29.86% and 25.22% for molluscs, oligochaetes and chironimids respectively. The highest number (1310.98 ind/m2) was recorded in July, 1998 while it was lowest (333.3 ind/m2) in April, 1999.The study revealed the beel as productive one and implementation of a little development work, good management and protect fishes from poaching may turn the beel into a very good fish resource. Bangladesh J. Zool. 49(1): 57-68, 2021

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Bezhenar, Roman, Kyung Tae Jung, Vladimir Maderich, Stefan Willemsen, Govert de With, and Fangli Qiao. "Transfer of radiocaesium from contaminated bottom sediments to marine organisms through benthic food chains in post-Fukushima and post-Chernobyl periods." Biogeosciences 13, no. 10 (May 23, 2016): 3021–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3021-2016.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. After the earthquake and tsunami on 11 March 2011 damaged the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP), an accidental release of a large amount of radioactive isotopes into both the air and the ocean occurred. Measurements provided by the Japanese agencies over the past 5 years show that elevated concentrations of 137Cs still remain in sediments, benthic organisms, and demersal fishes in the coastal zone around the FDNPP. These observations indicate that there are 137Cs transfer pathways from bottom sediments to the marine organisms. To describe the transfer quantitatively, the dynamic food chain biological uptake model of radionuclides (BURN) has been extended to include benthic marine organisms. The extended model takes into account both pelagic and benthic marine organisms grouped into several classes based on their trophic level and type of species: phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fishes (two types: piscivorous and non-piscivorous) for the pelagic food chain; deposit-feeding invertebrates, demersal fishes fed by benthic invertebrates, and bottom omnivorous predators for the benthic food chain; crustaceans, mollusks, and coastal predators feeding on both pelagic and benthic organisms. Bottom invertebrates ingest organic parts of bottom sediments with adsorbed radionuclides which then migrate up through the food chain. All organisms take radionuclides directly from water as well as food. The model was implemented into the compartment model POSEIDON-R and applied to the north-western Pacific for the period of 1945–2010, and then for the period of 2011–2020 to assess the radiological consequences of 137Cs released due to the FDNPP accident. The model simulations for activity concentrations of 137Cs in both pelagic and benthic organisms in the coastal area around the FDNPP agree well with measurements for the period of 2011–2015. The decrease constant in the fitted exponential function of simulated concentration for the deposit-feeding invertebrates (0.45 yr−1) is close to the observed decrease constant in sediments (0.44 yr−1). These results strongly indicate that the gradual decrease of activity in demersal fish (decrease constant is 0.46 yr−1) is caused by the transfer of activity from organic matter deposited in bottom sediment through the deposit-feeding invertebrates. The estimated model transfer coefficient from bulk sediment to demersal fish in the model for 2012–2020 (0.13) is larger than that to the deposit-feeding invertebrates (0.07). In addition, the transfer of 137Cs through food webs for the period of 1945–2020 has been modelled for the Baltic Sea contaminated due to global fallout and from the Chernobyl accident. The model simulation results obtained with generic parameters are also in good agreement with available measurements in the Baltic Sea. Unlike the open coastal system where the FDNPP is located, the dynamics of radionuclide transfer in the Baltic Sea reach a quasi-steady state due to the slow rate in water mass exchange in this semi-enclosed basin. Obtained results indicate a substantial contribution of the benthic food chain in the long-term transfer of 137Cs from contaminated bottom sediments to marine organisms and the potential application of a generic model in different regions of the world's oceans.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Chiba, WAC, MD Passerini, and JG Tundisi. "Metal contamination in benthic macroinvertebrates in a sub-basin in the southeast of Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 71, no. 2 (May 2011): 391–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842011000300008.

Full text

Abstract:

Benthic macroinvertebrates have many useful properties that make possible the use of these organisms as sentinel in biomonitoring programmes in freshwater. Combined with the characteristics of the water and sediment, benthic macroinvertebrates are potential indicators of environmental quality. Thus, the spatial occurrence of potentially toxic metals (Al, Zn, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni) in the water, sediment and benthic macroinvertebrates samples were investigated in a sub-basin in the southeast of Brazil in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo state, with the aim of verifying the metals and environment interaction with benthic communities regarding bioaccumulation. Hypothetically, there can be contamination by metals in the aquatic environment in the city due to lack of industrial effluent treatment. All samples were analysed by the USEPA adapted method and processed in an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The sub-basin studied is contaminated by toxic metals in superficial water, sediment and benthic macroinvertebrates. The Bioaccumulation Factor showed a tendency for metal bioaccumulation by the benthic organisms for almost all the metal species. The results show a potential human and ecosystem health risk, contributing to metal contamination studies in aquatic environments in urban areas.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Kim, Minkyoung, Eun Jin Yang, Hyung Jeek Kim, Dongseon Kim, Tae-Wan Kim, Hyoung Sul La, SangHoon Lee, and Jeomshik Hwang. "Collection of large benthic invertebrates in sediment traps in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica." Biogeosciences 16, no. 13 (July 11, 2019): 2683–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2683-2019.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. To study sinking particle sources and dynamics, sediment traps were deployed at three sites in the Amundsen Sea for 1 year from February–March 2012 and at one site from February 2016 to February 2018. Unexpectedly, large benthic invertebrates were found in three sediment traps deployed 130–567 m above the sea floor. The organisms included long and slender worms, a sea urchin, and juvenile scallops of varying sizes. This is the first reported collection of these benthic invertebrates in sediment traps. The collection of these organisms, predominantly during the austral winter, and their intact bodies suggests they were trapped in anchor ice, incorporated into the overlying sea ice, and subsequently transported by ice rafting. The observations imply that anchor ice forms episodically in the Amundsen Sea and has biological impacts on benthic ecosystems. An alternative hypothesis that these organisms spend their juvenile period underneath the sea ice and subsequently sink to the seafloor is also suggested.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Smith, Jennifer E., Rusty Brainard, Amanda Carter, Saray Grillo, Clinton Edwards, Jill Harris, Levi Lewis, et al. "Re-evaluating the health of coral reef communities: baselines and evidence for human impacts across the central Pacific." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1822 (January 13, 2016): 20151985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1985.

Full text

Abstract:

Numerous studies have documented declines in the abundance of reef-building corals over the last several decades and in some but not all cases, phase shifts to dominance by macroalgae have occurred. These assessments, however, often ignore the remainder of the benthos and thus provide limited information on the present-day structure and function of coral reef communities. Here, using an unprecedentedly large dataset collected within the last 10 years across 56 islands spanning five archipelagos in the central Pacific, we examine how benthic reef communities differ in the presence and absence of human populations. Using islands as replicates, we examine whether benthic community structure is associated with human habitation within and among archipelagos and across latitude. While there was no evidence for coral to macroalgal phase shifts across our dataset we did find that the majority of reefs on inhabited islands were dominated by fleshy non-reef-building organisms (turf algae, fleshy macroalgae and non-calcifying invertebrates). By contrast, benthic communities from uninhabited islands were more variable but in general supported more calcifiers and active reef builders (stony corals and crustose coralline algae). Our results suggest that cumulative human impacts across the central Pacific may be causing a reduction in the abundance of reef builders resulting in island scale phase shifts to dominance by fleshy organisms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Koehl, M. A. "Ecological biomechanics of benthic organisms: life history, mechanical design and temporal patterns of mechanical stress." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 23 (December 1, 1999): 3469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.23.3469.

Full text

Abstract:

We can gain biomechanical insights if we couple knowledge of the environments, ecological roles and life history strategies of organisms with our laboratory analyses of their mechanical function or fluid dynamics, as illustrated by studies of the mechanical design of bottom-dwelling marine organisms. Obviously, measurements of the spatial and temporal distribution of loads on an organism in nature reveal the magnitudes and rates at which biomechanical tests should be performed in the laboratory. Furthermore, knowledge of the population biology and ecological interactions of the organisms being studied is crucial to determine when during the life of an individual particular aspects of mechanical performance should be measured; not only can the size, shape and material properties of an individual change during ontogeny, but so can its habitat, activities and ecological role. Such ecological information is also necessary to determine whether the aspects of mechanical performance being studied are biologically important, i.e. whether they affect the survivorship or fitness of the organisms. My point in raising these examples is to illustrate how ecological studies can enhance or change our understanding of biomechanical function.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Zalewska, Tamara, and Michał Saniewski. "Bioaccumulation of 137Cs by benthic plants and macroinvertebrates." Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies 40, no. 3 (January 1, 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13545-011-0023-6.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract137Cs activity concentrations were determined in macrophytes and macrozoobenthic organisms from the southern Baltic Sea. Cesium isotope content was analysed in macroalgae species (green, red and brown algae representatives) and in some species of vascular plants. The analyzed macroinvertebrate organisms included bivalves and a crustacean.Concentration factors (CF) were calculated using the determined 137Cs concentration in the flora and fauna organisms against that in seawater, and the bioaccumulative properties were compared. The study pointed out that the most important factors in the cesium bioaccumulation process occurring in plants are related to morphology. The highest CF values were obtained in algae Polysiphonia fucoides, Ectocarpus siliculosus and Cladophora glomerata. Decidedly lower CF values were observed in the vascular plants and macrozoobenthos representatives.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

KUBO, Takashi, Natsumi YUSA, Masahiro SHIMURA, Takashi KAMEYA, and Kohei URANO. "River Environment Evaluation Using Biodiversity Information of Benthic Organisms." Journal of Water and Environment Technology 9, no. 1 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2965/jwet.2011.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Bressan, M., R. Brunetti, S. Casellato, G. Fava, P. Giro, M. Marin, P. Negrisolo, et al. "Effects of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS) on Benthic Organisms." Tenside Surfactants Detergents 26, no. 2 (March 1, 1989): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tsd-1989-260218.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

HORI, Masakazu, and Natsuki HASEGAWA. "Consumption of Benthic Organisms by Birds in Coastal Ecosystems." Japanese Journal of Benthology 60 (2005): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5179/benthos.60.12.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Moran, DP, and ML Reaka. "Bioerosion and availability of shelter for benthic reef organisms." Marine Ecology Progress Series 44 (1988): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps044249.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Jo Palmer Locarnini, Sally, and Bobby Joe Presley. "Mercury concentrations in benthic organisms from a contaminated estuary." Marine Environmental Research 41, no. 3 (January 1996): 225–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-1136(95)00008-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Benthic organisms'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles