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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bent’s rule

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Academic literature on the topic 'Bent’s rule'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Bent’s rule"

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Grabowski, Sławomir J. "Halogen Bond and Its Counterparts: Bent’s Rule Explains the Formation of Nonbonding Interactions." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 115, no. 44 (2011): 12340–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp205019s.

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Alabugin, Igor V., Stefan Bresch, and Mariappan Manoharan. "Hybridization Trends for Main Group Elements and Expanding the Bent’s Rule Beyond Carbon: More than Electronegativity." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 118, no. 20 (2014): 3663–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp502472u.

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Jonas, V., C. Boehme, and G. Frenking. "Bent's Rule and the Structure of Transition Metal Compounds." Inorganic Chemistry 35, no. 7 (1996): 2097–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic951397o.

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FENG, JIACHENG, FENGYU LI, PENG JIN, YUNLONG LIAO, and ZHONGFANG CHEN. "SEARCHING FOR NEW MEMBERS OF C70 HOMOFULLERENES BY FIRST-PRINCIPLES COMPUTATIONS: BENT'S RULE AT WORK ON C70 SURFACE." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 12, no. 01 (2013): 1250097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633612500976.

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We carried out systematic density functional theory computations to search for new members of C70 homofullerenes inspired by the Bent's rule. By substituting CH2 by CF2 , we identified five experimentally accessible C70 homofullerenes, among which one member has different bonding character as its CH2 counterpart (where the closed three-membered ring is formed by CH2 addition). This unique C70 homofullerene is expected to be synthesized very smoothly using the standard solution phase chemistry, due to its high thermodynamic stability and the rather high local reactivity of the carbon bond attac

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Knauer, Lena, Christopher Golz, Ulrike Kroesen, Stephan G. Koller, and Carsten Strohmann. "Crystal structure of dibenzyldimethylsilane." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 6 (2015): o391—o392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015008713.

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In the title compound, C16H20Si, a geometry different from an ideal tetrahedron can be observed at the Si atom. The bonds from Si to the benzylic C atoms [Si—C = 1.884 (1) and 1.883 (1) Å] are slightly elongated compared to the Si—Cmethylbonds [Si—C = 1.856 (1) and 1.853 (1) Å]. The Cbenzyl—Si—Cbenzylbond angle [C—Si—C = 107.60 (6)°] is decreased from the ideal tetrahedral angle by 1.9°. These distortions can be explained easily by Bent's rule. In the crystal, molecules interact only by van der Waals forces.

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Angelucci, Malcolm, and Stephen Kolsky. "Vladimir Mayakovsky as Exemplary Character: Two Interpretations by Dario Fo and Carmelo Bene." Quaderni d'italianistica 38, no. 1 (2018): 195–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/q.i..v38i1.31161.

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This article contributes to the mapping of the role played by the Russian poet, playwright, artist and performer Vladimir Mayakovsky (1893-1930) in the Italian context of the 60s and 70s, concentrating on Dario Fo’s L’operaio conosce 300 parole, il padrone 1000, per questo lui è il padrone (1969), and Carmelo Bene’s TV production of Bene! Quattro modi di morire in versi (1974, broadcast in 1978). Mayakovsky appears here as a character, constructed as an exemplary figure for the role of the artist. After framing exemplarity theoretically as a strategy that effaces the intrinsic discrepancy betw

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Kandemirli, Fatma, Meral Hoscan, Anatoly Dimoglo, and Seval Esen. "Theoretical Study and Comparasion of Bent's Rule with Hardness and Polarizibility for SF4, SF4O, PCl4F, PCl3F2, PCl2F3, PCl2F4 Molecules." Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements 183, no. 8 (2008): 1954–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426500701839577.

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Clauss, Allen D., Stephen F. Nelsen, Mohamed Ayoub, John W. Moore, Clark R. Landis, and Frank Weinhold. "Rabbit-ears hybrids, VSEPR sterics, and other orbital anachronisms." Chem. Educ. Res. Pract. 15, no. 4 (2014): 417–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4rp00057a.

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We describe the logical flaws, experimental contradictions, and unfortunate educational repercussions of common student misconceptions regarding the shapes and properties of lone pairs, inspired by overemphasis on “valence shell electron pair repulsion” (VSEPR) rationalizations in current freshman-level chemistry textbooks. VSEPR-style representations of orbital shape and size are shown to be fundamentally inconsistent with numerous lines of experimental and theoretical evidence, including quantum mechanical “symmetry” principles that are sometimes invoked in their defense. VSEPR-style concept

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Volkova, Marina, Petr Chmelar, and Lukas Sobotka. "Machine Learning Blunts the Needle of Advanced SQL Injections." MENDEL 25, no. 1 (2019): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.13164/mendel.2019.1.023.

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SQL injection is one of the most popular and serious information security threats. By exploiting database vulnerabilities, attackers may get access to sensitive data or enable compromised computers to conduct further network attacks. Our research is focused on applying machine learning approaches for identication of injection characteristics in the HTTP query string. We compare results from Rule-based Intrusion Detection System, Support Vector Machines, Multilayer Perceptron, Neural Network with Dropout layers, and Deep Sequential Models (Long Short-Term Memory, and Gated Recurrent Units) usin

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Wang, Xuerui, Ying Huang, Ke An, Jinglan Fan, and Jun Zhu. "Theoretical study on the interconversion of silabenzenes and their monocyclic non-aromatic isomers via the [1,3]-substituent shift: Interplay of aromaticity and Bent's rule." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 770 (November 2014): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.08.018.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bent’s rule"

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El, hellani Ahmad. "Evaluation of The Electronic Properties of Carbon(0)-Based Compounds Through Gold Catalysis and X-Ray Structure Analysis." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112252.

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La plupart des composés organiques ont un atome de carbone tétravalent, où tous les électrons de valence sont utilisés pour former des liaisons covalentes. En parallèle, la chimie des composés divalents ayant un carbone(II) s’est développée après l’isolement de carbènes stables par Bertrand en 1985. Auparavant, en 1961, Ramirez a rapporté l’isolement de l’hexaphénylcarbodiphosphorane, que l’on peut considérer comme un composé présentant un carbone(0) avec ses deux doublets libres, lui permettant de coordiner jusqu’à deux acides de Lewis. A partir de 2006, les propriétés électroniques de ces li

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Stojadinovic, Strahinja. "Light Scattering Studies of Dynamics of Bent-Core Liquid Crystals." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1105330884.

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Prado, Clayton Eduardo. "O imposto sobre transmissão causa mortis de quaisquer bens ou direitos: regra-matriz de incidência, isenção, lançamento, decadência e prescrição." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/7711.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:26:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clayton Eduardo Prado.pdf: 531979 bytes, checksum: e2b1fd0112e75ea983f01de2f00c951a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-25<br>The study concerns about the inheritance taxation and intends to construct its basic rule of incidence, from the examination of the constitutional rules that discipline this tax, identifying the two equations that compose it: the antecedent (hypothesis tax), describing its material, spatial and temporal criteria; and the consequence (legal relationship tax), identifying its personal (active an

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Ganem, Bruna Ribeiro. "Incid??ncia do IPTU sobre bens im??veis p??blicos ocupados por empresas privadas: uma an??lise cr??tica da materialidade constitucional do imposto e suas rela????es com a imunidade tribut??ria rec??proca (Tema 437 da Repercuss??o Geral do STF)." Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia, 2015. https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2004.

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Submitted by Kelson Anthony de Menezes (kelson@ucb.br) on 2017-01-09T11:10:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunaRibeiroGanemDissertacaoParcial2015.pdf: 952390 bytes, checksum: b9f45d5295e02005f556c040f27bb147 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-09T11:10:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunaRibeiroGanemDissertacaoParcial2015.pdf: 952390 bytes, checksum: b9f45d5295e02005f556c040f27bb147 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15<br>This is a critical paper about the incidence of Real State Tax, a municipal tax, in cases where immovable properties and assets held by Federal or States Government ar

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Bessa, Ana Catarina Gomes. "Melhoria do cumprimento das datas de entrega num sistema de produção de componentes para o mercado de bens de luxo." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/92525.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia<br>Com este trabalho procurou-se aumentar a fiabilidade na definição de datas de entrega numa empresa de produção de componentes de bens de luxo pessoais, o atelier da Atepeli em Penafiel. Muitas organizações usam a fiabilidade das datas de entrega como medida de performance de toda a organização, pela importância e custos que podem incorrer das falhas na definição e cumprimento das datas de entrega. A particularidade associada ao mercado de luxo é a qualidade exigida aos produtos fabric

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Books on the topic "Bent’s rule"

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McFarland, Ben. A World From Dust. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190275013.001.0001.

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A World From Dust describes how a set of chemical rules combined with the principles of evolution in order to create an environment in which life as we know it could unfold. Beginning with simple mathematics, these predictable rules led to the advent of the planet itself, as well as cells, organs and organelles, ecosystems, and increasingly complex life forms. McFarland provides an accessible discussion of a geological history as well, describing how the inorganic matter on Earth underwent chemical reactions with air and water, allowing for life to emerge from the world's first rocks. He trace

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Kollmann, Karl, Calum E. Douglas, and S. Can Gülen. Turbo/Supercharger Compressors and Turbines for Aircraft Propulsion in WWII: Theory, History and Practice—Guidance from the Past for Modern Engineers and Students. ASME, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.884676.

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This book is a unique blend of history, technology review, theoretical fundamentals, and design guide. The subject matter is primarily piston aeroengine superchargers – developed in Germany during the Second World War (WWII) – which are centrifugal compressors driven either by the main engine crankshaft or by an exhaust gas turbine. The core of the book is an unpublished manuscript by Karl Kollmann, who was a prominent engineer at Daimler-Benz before and during the war. Dr. Kollmann’s manuscript was discovered by Calum Douglas during his extensive research for his earlier book on piston aeroen

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Book chapters on the topic "Bent’s rule"

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Poey, Delia. "No Se Parece a Nada/Not Like Anything Else: Albita Rodríguez Bends the Rules." In Cuban Women and Salsa. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137382825_6.

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Fuller-Seeley, Kathryn H. "Masculine Gender Identity in Jack Benny’s Humor." In Jack Benny and the Golden Age of American Radio Comedy. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520295049.003.0004.

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Jack Benny’s comedy frequently upended the idea of heterosexual white masculine domination. Jack was portrayed as a struggling employer and a failure as a patriarch whose radio cast constantly get the better of him. The long-lasting comic feud with fellow radio comic Fred Allen demonstrated a playful camaraderie through insult-throwing. As a second-generation immigrant, Benny’s Midwestern Jewish identity seemed much assimilated, although his humorous themes were deeply rooted in Jewish traditions. Benny greatly enjoyed blurring the sharp divides between masculine and feminine presentation, and his role in the cross-dressing farce Charley’s Aunt, the occasional risqué humor of his radio shows, and his uncannily close imitations of Gracie Allen, discomfited an American culture becoming increasingly anxious about rules of gender identity.

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Tacoma, Laurens E. "The Economy of Favours." In Roman Political Culture. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850809.003.0006.

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This chapter discusses the fifth characteristic of Roman political culture; the fact that competition for honour between cities became locked in expectations about the mutual behaviour of its participants. It analyses this on the basis of the rescript of Constantine to the Umbrian city of Hispellum. In the Roman period under single rule competition between cities continued unabated, but the direction and nature of it changed. What might be regarded as a form of ‘horizontal’ competition or ‘peer polity interaction’ between communities that were in principle of equal status was now increasingly conducted along vertical lines: communities tried to enhance their status by obtaining privileges and honours from the ruler that affected their ranking in the urban network. In this way the ruler became not only the external arbiter in the competition for status, but at the same time actively shaped that competition. The symbolic exchange with the ruler was structured by petitions which were presented by embassies sent by communities. The relation between emperor and subject was construed in their interaction, and both the requests and their answers could therefore be bent and subtly manipulated to fit their writers’ wishes. However, as both parties became locked in expectations of each other’s behaviour, in the honorific exchanges exactly what was perceived as a gift obtained from the ruler and what was perceived as an honour given to the ruler became obfuscated. An economy of favours emerged in which benefactor and beneficiary played leapfrog.

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Skowronek, Stephen, John A. Dearborn, and Desmond King. "Depth in Knowledge." In Phantoms of a Beleaguered Republic. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197543085.003.0008.

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This chapter considers depth in knowledge, focusing on rules-based protections for knowledge-based authority in the executive branch. Rules provide firmer footing for depth than norms do, but even rules strain under presidents bent on political control. With the so-called war on science ramping up again in the Trump administration, questions about whether and to what extent rules protect government research and expertise from the unitary executive have been pushed front and center. Here we consider four cases in which knowledge-based authority was besieged, focusing on the National Weather Service, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Agriculture, and the executive branch’s response to the coronavirus pandemic.

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Rose, Richard. "2. Democratic and Undemocratic States." In Democratization. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199233021.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses the distinction between democratic and undemocratic states, noting that it is not only about whether there are elections: it is about whether or not it there is the rule of law. When both conditions are met, elections are free and fair and the government is accountable to the electorate. When laws can be bent or broken, unfair elections represent the will of governors more than that of the governed. The chapter first defines democratic states and outlines the characteristics of a democratic state before assessing the state of states today. It then considers three kinds of undemocratic states, namely: constitutional oligarchy, plebiscitarian autocracy, and unaccountable autocracy. It also examines how democratization has more often come about by trial and error rather than through gradual evolution and concludes by analysing the dynamics of democratic and undemocratic states.

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Rose, Richard. "3. Democratic and Undemocratic States." In Democratization. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198732280.003.0003.

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This chapter discusses the distinction between democratic and undemocratic states, noting that it is not only about whether there are elections: it is about whether or not it there is the rule of law. When both conditions are met, elections are free and fair and the government is accountable to the electorate. When laws can be bent or broken, unfair elections represent the will of governors more than that of the governed. The chapter first defines democratic states and outlines the characteristics of a democratic state before assessing the state of states today. It then considers three kinds of undemocratic states, namely: constitutional oligarchy, plebiscitarian autocracy, and unaccountable autocracy. It also examines how democratization has more often come about by trial and error rather than through gradual evolution and concludes by analysing the dynamics of democratic and undemocratic states.

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Marks, Shula. "‘Bending the rules’: South African Refugees in the UK, 1960–1980." In In Defence of Learning. British Academy, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264812.003.0017.

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In this chapter, the author reflects on her long personal association with the Society for the Protection of Science and Learning (SPSL)/Council for Assisting Refugee Academics and many of its South African grantees. The academic refugees who came to the SPSL's notice in the 1960s, specially the South Africans, bent the ‘rules’ and signalled the new ways in which the SPSL was going to have to work in a very changed social and educational environment in Britain, and equally great changes in the nature of the academic refugees. Before the rise of Hitler, German scholars had advanced the frontiers of knowledge in the sciences, the social sciences, and the humanities. And in many of these fields the Jews of Central Europe had played a crucial role. Increasingly from the 1960s, however, many of the refugee academics to the UK were from the so-called ‘third world’, especially Latin America and countries just emerging from colonialism in Africa. Academic refugees from South Africa formed something of a bridge between the old and the new. While most of the South African grantees were white and from institutions modelled on British universities, they were on the whole younger and less highly qualified than the earlier generation of grantees. The very small number of Africans assisted at this time were in fact far more eminent; significantly, however, they were the very first Africans to be assisted by the Society.

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McDonald, Andrew T., and Verlaine Stoner McDonald. "Introduction." In Paul Rusch in Postwar Japan. University Press of Kentucky, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813176079.003.0001.

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The introduction portrays the scene at the Paul Rusch Festival Yatsugatake County Fair. Initially, it appears to be like any other American harvest festival, but the event takes place in the highlands 120 miles northwest of Tokyo. It explains why the Japanese would honor the Kentuckian Rusch, someone they called the “red-headed foreigner,” outlining the arc of Rusch’s life, from an altar boy in Louisville, Kentucky, to a military intelligence officer who walked the halls of the Imperial Palace and interacted with royalty, prime ministers, captains of industry, and the rich and powerful in both America and Japan. Rusch took stands on racial injustice and worked to uplift the poor people of rural Japan, but at some points he compromised his religious principles as he became involved in the dark intrigue of America’s Cold War policy. Rusch was also something of a con man, a kind of Robin Hood who bent and broke the rules to forward the cause of helping people or promoting his own pet projects. Rusch was instrumental in the rebuilding of the postwar Episcopal Church in Japan.

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McDonald, Andrew T., and Verlaine Stoner McDonald. "Faith and Compromise." In Paul Rusch in Postwar Japan. University Press of Kentucky, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813176079.003.0007.

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Chapter 6 follows Rusch’s work in army intelligence, where he was in close contact with a number of Japanese prime ministers and high officials. Many officials were cooperating with the American effort to ferret out Communists, and Rusch was part of an administration that bent the rules of democracy by supporting pro-American Japanese candidates while hindering their opponents. At the same time, Rusch was working to restore institutions of the Nippon Seikokai, the Episcopal Church of Japan, and he used his authority as an army officer to forward his various projects, including the rebuilding of Seisen-Ryo. He was accused by his superiors of abusing his power to help the church and rebuild the lodge. Rusch covertly aided the heiress Miki Sawada in caring for mixed-race children born of sexual liaisons between Japanese women and Allied personnel, and he routinely raided American supplies to help Sawada feed the displaced children. Rusch also played a minor role in ushering in the McCarthy era in America, providing anti-Communist intelligence to his superiors and helping defend the army and his boss, General Charles A. Willoughby, against charges that Willoughby’s operatives smeared an American citizen as a Communist agent.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bent’s rule"

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Kandemirli, Fatma, Meral Hoscan, Adil Ozturk, and Esra Uluadaoglu. "Bent Rule: Theoretical Studies of Nonmetal Fluorides." In SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE BALKAN PHYSICAL UNION. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2733304.

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Rosenfeld, M. J., James D. Hart, Nasir Zulfiqar, and Richard W. Gailing. "Development of Acceptance Criteria for Mild Ripples in Pipeline Field Bends." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27124.

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Field bends in large diameter pipe are routinely used in the construction of oil and gas pipelines. Mild ripples along the intrados are often unavoidable where such bends have a high D/t or high yield strength. Present regulations and industry standards differ in their treatment of mild ripples, consequently, the acceptance of such features has been heretofore inconsistent. A review of prior work on the subject was undertaken. Shell finite element analysis was then used to estimate the effect of ripple magnitude and spacing on stresses due to pressure and bending. Stress concentration effects

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Hokazono, Mitch, and Clayton T. Smith. "Parametric Study of External Pressure on Steam Generator Tube Bends." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78592.

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Integral light-water reactor designs propose the use of steam generators located within the reactor vessel. Steam generator tubes in these designs must withstand external pressure loadings to prevent buckling, which is affected by material strength, fabrication techniques, chemical environment and tube geometry. Experience with fired tube boilers has shown that buckling in boiler tubes is greatly alleviated by controlling ovality in bends when the tubes are fabricated. Light water reactor steam generator pressures will not cause a buckling problem in steam generators with reasonable fabricatio

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Asadkarami, Ali, Wolf Reinhardt, and Nima Zobeiry. "Effect of Ovality on Shakedown of Pipe Bends." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25761.

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This paper investigates the effect of pipe bend ovality on the shakedown boundary utilizing the cyclic elastic-plastic analysis method. The ASME Code, Section III NB-3653.2 recognizes the effect of the bend ovality on the peak stress only. The manufacturing rules of ASME NB-4223.2 limit the maximum bend cross sectional ovality to 8%. The effect of the bend ovality on the ratcheting boundary has not been well established in the literature. The current study compares the effect of primary mean stress (i.e. pressure) combined with expansion (secondary) cyclic bending on the shakedown boundary of

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Abdalla, Hany F., Mohammad M. Megahed, and Maher Y. A. Younan. "Shakedown Limit Loads for 90-Degree Scheduled Pipe Bends Subjected to Constant Internal Pressure and Cyclic Bending Moments." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61692.

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A simplified technique for determining the shakedown limit load for a long radius 90-degree pipe bend was previously developed [1, 2]. The simplified technique utilizes the finite element method and employs the small displacement formulation to determine the shakedown limit load (moment) without performing lengthy time consuming full cyclic loading finite element simulations or utilizing conventional iterative elastic techniques. The shakedown limit load is determined through the calculation of residual stresses developed within the pipe bend structure. In the current paper, a parametric study

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Abdelsalam, Usama, and Dk Vijay. "ASME Code Qualification of Pipe Bends With Localized Wall Thinning." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25178.

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This paper addresses the application of the design by analysis rules of the ASME B&PV Code SEC III Division 1 NB-3200 criteria on degraded Class 1 piping. A tight radius pipe bend with a local thin area (LTA) located on the inner surface and super imposed on general thinning region is considered using a detailed FEA model implementing idealized smooth axial and circumferential thickness profiles. A location dependent thinning rate function is developed (based on the smoothed profiles and the assumed original thickness distribution) to predict the wall thickness distribution at the end of a

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Booth, Steven E., and Willem J. J. Vorster. "Assessment of Bend Fatigue Tests Using RSE-M Stress Analysis Techniques and the ASME Section III Fatigue Design Rules." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45633.

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Preparing the scope and extent of components requiring inspections in industrial plant demands careful consideration given the commercial implications. Stress analysis can usefully be employed to ascertain whether pipework components should be inspected. This can be achieved by interpreting pipework loads whilst giving consideration to all relevant failure mechanisms. Moreover, due to the size of the components the use of stress analysis can provide a means of targeted inspections by identifying areas of high stress where material damage is most likely to be observed. This paper compares the f

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Dong, P., J. K. Hong, D. Osage, and M. Prager. "Fatigue of Piping and Vessel Welds: ASME’s FSRF Rules Revisited." In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1234.

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Fatigue design rules for welds in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code are based on the use of Fatigue Strength Reduction Factors (FSRF) against a Code-specified fatigue design curve generated from smooth base metal specimens without the presence of welds. Similarly, Stress Intensification Factors (SIF) that are used in the ASME B31 Piping Codes are based on component S-N curves with a reference fatigue strength based on straight pipe girth welds conducted by Markl et al in 1950s. Typically, the determination of either the FSRF or SIF requires extensive fatigue testing to take into account

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Starishko, I. N. "The technology of experimental researches of the strength of bent reinforced concrete elements in the zone of action of transverse forces." In General question of world science. Наука России, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/gq-31-03-2021-28.

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Extensive experimental researches of the author of the article showed that in T-profile beams, despite the fact that with an increase in the length of the shear span, the bearing capacity along inclined sections significantly decreases, the effect of overhangs of compressed flanges on the bearing capacity of these beams, on the contrary, increases, and when, with an increase in the length of the shear span, the beam becomes equal in strength in normal and inclined sections, the effect of overhangs, as a rule, becomes the same in both the strength of normal and the strength of inclined sections

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Abdalla, Hany F., Mohammad M. Megahed, and Maher Y. A. Younan. "Comparison of Pipe Bend Ratchetting/Shakedown Test Results With the Shakedown Boundary Determined via a Simplified Technique." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77403.

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Abstract:

Scarce experimental verification exits in the open literature concerning determination of the shakedown boundary for pipe bends subjected to steady internal pressure and cyclic bending loading. The objective of the present paper is to test the capability of a simplified technique presented by the authors in recent ASME JPVT publications and PVP conferences [1–4] in adequately predicting the shakedown boundary obtained through experimental testing. Recently, Chen et al. [5] published experimental and finite element (FE) simulation results on ratchetting of low-carbon steel pressurized 90-degree

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