Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Berbères – Maroc – Politique et gouvernement'
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Lehtinen, Terhi. "Nation à la marge de l'Etat : la construction identaire du Mouvement Culturel Amazigh dans l'espace national marocain et au-delà des frontières étatiques." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0133.
Full textArji, Mohamed. "La question berbère, le cas du Maroc." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030063.
Full textThe Berber question in Morocco is the problem of connections between the Moroccan national State and its Berber constituent in its linguistic and cultural dimensions this question and more particularly the Berber demands is impossible to clarify so much that it is the object of misunderstandings and passions … Connections between the two main actors of the Berber question: the Moroccan State and the Berber cultural movement evolved in the time. The attitude of the Moroccan State towards the Berber cultural movement has moved from denial through repression and recently we can talk about concessions and the beginning of the institutionalization … This process corresponds to the evolution of the political existence of the social movements including the three steps: the anti-institutional break then the political confrontation and finally the institutional influence. We wonder about a Berber question? Its contents? Its specificity? connections between the Moroccan State and the cultural Berber movement. How the authoritarian monarchic State manages the question of the Berber demand? How the Berber movement answers the domination of the State? How these connections evolved of the negation till the beginning of its institutionalization at present? To encircle well the Berber question we placed it in the regional context and we analyzed its dynamic transnational
Agrour, Rachid. "Le mouvement hibiste et les tribus berbères de l'Anti-Atlas : une histoire de la périphérie (sud-ouest marocain) face au pouvoir central (1910-1934)." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010566.
Full textDerrouich, Hamid. "Changement politique et politique étrangère : essai sur la continuité et la discontinuité de la politique étrangère marocaine." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF10339.
Full textChihab, Youssef. "Soufisme et politique au Maroc : du nationalisme à la socialisation politique." Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100116.
Full textThrough this work, we tried to identify the role of Sufism in the construction of modern Morocco. Our study aims at socio-political character seeks to entertain thoughts about this form of religious revival and its socio-political contribution in both the colonial and independence periods. We have attempted to define the place of this form of Islamic identity in a society increasingly secularized and where Islam remains a strong reference. Through field investigation, we tried to identify the political socialization of Sufism in Today’s Moroccan society. While it is clear that the religion in Morocco still part of socialization through mosques, universities and even the media, what is the form of the socialization due to Sufism and what is its significance? We discussed the complex and sometimes ambiguous links between the Sufism field and other fields, Islam, clerics, including political parties. We also discussed the role of this institution in the stabilization of the political scene in Morocco. Our study has also highlighted the profound social changes of new Morocco since the colonial period. To answer these questions, our work was structured around the following: We introduced our work by the definition and evolution of Sufism and the different approaches explaining the phenomenon of brotherhoods. The first part of our work is dealing with the role of Sufism in the colonial period taking into account its evolution and the political actions against it. The second part deals with the place and the political role of Sufism in the contemporary period. Afin de répondre à ces questions, notre travail s’est articulé autour des axes suivants : Nous avons introduit notre travail par la définition et l’évolution du soufisme, ainsi que les différentes approches expliquant le phénomène confrérique. La première partie de notre travail traite du rôle du soufisme dans la période coloniale, en tenant compte de l’évolution du soufisme et les politiques menées contre ce foyer social. La deuxième partie aborde la place et le rôle politique du soufisme dans la période contemporaine
Oukssisse, Mohamed. "Anomie institutionelle et politique au Maroc : un essai d'interpretation socio-politique." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H032.
Full textChakib, Ahmed. "Élites religieuses et pouvoir politique : essai sur l'énonciation du politique au Maroc." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR21007.
Full textThis study comes within the scope of historical sociology. Through this methodological orientation, we have tried to examine the modes by which the social and political order was created in Islam (the Arabic east) and its impact on the initial form of politics in morocco and their development. The political history of this country can the better understood if we take into account this impact. Yet, the thing which characterizes best Moroccan history ist the permanency of what C. Geertz calls the "saint warrior" model. Thus, we have tried to bring to the fore this model by stressing the specificities of the religious elites (sacred lineages, zaouia and sharifisme) and their relationships with the political power. These elites who will hold a dominating part until the advent of colonialism and the disappearing of the makhzen whose authority they recognized. But after some uncertainties about the political future of the country during the struggle for independence, the rising power of the monarchy now confirms the continuity of the geertzian model
Lafuente, Gilles. "La politique berbère de la France et le nationalisme marocain, 1912-1937." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10075.
Full textOn 16 may 1930, france proclaimed a decree (dahir) in morocco with a view to adapting the berber justice system to immediate requirements. The reactions provoked by the "dahir berbere", as it was known, led to the assertion and organisation of moroccan nationalism. Intiated in 1912 by lyautey, this policy was intended as an response to problems posed by the hostility of berber tribes (80% of moroccans) towards pacification. It acknowledged these peoples' established rights, notably in the judicial realm, by shielding them from tne koranic law (chraa). To this end, the autorities created judicial assemblies (djemaas) and places the perpetrators of crimes committed on berber soil under french legal jurisdiction (article 6). Thus muslims found themselves subject to non-islamic laws, as ostensible attempt at deislamisation against which the moroccans reacted violently. In morocco, during the summer of 1930, the prayer of the "latif" - an invocation of divine aid against the calamities - was intoned in the mosquees. Faced with measures (including imprisonment) taken by the residence, the nationalists, assisted by chakib arslan and by french liberals such as r. J. Longuet, organised a fierce press campaign abroad (editorials, telegrams etc. . . ). The authorities suppressed article 6 in article 6 in april 1934, but the nationalist movement had established itself via newspapers and political groups and its demands became increasingly political, leading in 1937 toviolent streets demonstrations. The residence and the royal palace responded by exiling the nationalists leaders. The movement was left rudderless, and only after the second world war were moroccans nationalists able to resume their struggle
Ouali, Alami Mohammed. "Les islamistes marocains et la question de la paticipation politique." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0747.
Full textIt is in the western calendar that the Muslims counted their years of modernization, but since they are not the producers of ideological certainties any more, the Moroccan Islamists were forced to voice another point of view: they were hundreds, they are thousands, and they will be millions. In secularism, they hear materialism and atheism and answer spirituality, to the State they compare Umma and in democracy choura. After more than four decades of activism, the Islamic Moroccans could impose their feelings in several domains of social and political life and the state now pays increasingly more attention to their voice and their opinions. The islamists who want to take up the challenge of modernization while preserving their roots, can they not opt for a political system reconciling the institutions of modern democracy and recommendations of Islamic thought? No democracy is even nearly genuine as long as the people do not understand that they are meant to be free
Maroufi, Abdellatif. "Etat et capital au Maroc : du makhzen à l'Etat." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100162.
Full textDarhbar, Abdelkébir. "Islam et démocratie dans la conception de la monarchie marocaine." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H005.
Full textBadri, Karim. "Légitimité religieuse et transition démocratique : le cas du Maroc." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT4015.
Full textThe Moroccan political system is characterized by its complexity and specificity. It is a system that tries to reconcile, on the one hand, religious legitimacy and, on the other hand, modern institutions. Hassan II, dedicated craftsman of a democracy Moroccan-style, used this specificity to refute the accusations of international organizations and Western countries about violations of human rights, considering that a universal system of Government would only be possible if men and morals were similar the world over. At the end of the 1980s, pressed by internal social movements on the one hand and an international environment conducive to a democratic opening and respect for human rights on the other hand, the monarchy had undertaken an institutional and constitutional opening while still attempting to manage the design and the consequences of this process. These controlled openings finally resulted in the undermining of the Moroccan political class. Under the pressure of the protest of February 20, 2011, spurred by the Arab spring, King Mohamed VI launched a new constitutional reform. This initiative raised high hopes of a true democratic transition but disappointment was great when considering the advances and stumbling blocks which it carried with it. Indeed, the new Constitution endorsed, as usual, the primacy of the institution of the Monarchy in the Moroccan political system. Mohamed VI’s Morocco has certainly evolved toward a less authoritarian system, nevertheless, it is far from a constitutional, democratic, parliamentary or social monarchy
Faraj, Abdelwaheb. "Les relations hispano-marocaines depuis l'indépendance du Maroc." Institut du droit de la paix et du développement (Nice), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE0030.
Full textGagou, Ahmed. "La notion d'Etat au Maroc." Paris 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA020006.
Full textSqalli, Houssini Saida. "Contribution à l'étude du discours politico-religieux sous les derniers merinides : les lettres d'Ibn Abbād de Ronda au sultan Abū Fāris et le Nush Mulūk Al-Islam d' Ibn As-Sakkāk." Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX10051.
Full textEL, Alaoui Saïd. "L' alternance et la problématique de la transition démocratique au Maroc." Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP0984.
Full textOn the appointment of alternative government in Morocco in March 1998, political debate has developed among intellectuals, on the country’s democratic transition. If for some Moroccan and foreign observers, said the appointment was a government index of democratic transition, for some others it is not the case. The democratic transition in know that with the new reign of Mohammed VI. In our opinion, this latter current simple sin of pessimism exorbitant. At the theoretical level, this current is the victim of a confusion of concepts, such «democracy» and «democratic transition», them there in a large dissimilarity between the two. On a practical level, said current failed in his study of alternation Moroccan experience in finding a policy that is in compliance with all reforms, « the specificity of the Moroccan political system ». That is to say that is not necessary to see a photo alternating Moroccan consistent with the alternation as it is practiced in western countries. This work aims to demonstrate that the appointment of alternative government has constituted it self a factor in the democratic transition. That is to say, the life of Hassan II. The Moroccan political experience has largely responded to the general rules of rotation, with some minor differences attributable to the nature of power in Morocco. In fact, we can a "alternate government" and not an "alternation of power". In addition, to illustrate the actions taken to promote democratization by that government under the reign of King again, have established a process to strengthen a transition has already begun
Ghazi, Hlima. "Les chefs berbères dans l'histoire des mondes antiques." Bordeaux 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR30025.
Full textWe have tried to demonstrate that the image given to Berber leaders in antique sources, all favorable to Rome and conveyed by contemporary historians, is often a misrepresentation of reality. These very sources, thanks to the information they give, have allowed us to determine different geographical perimeters of these leaders' influence and the constant change of their states frontiers; they also allowed for the understanding of the nature of their relations with external worlds. These relations are essentially conflicting with Carthage and Rome and cultural with the Greek world
Rochdi, Hicham. "La monarchie et le processus de démocratisation au Maroc." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE0040.
Full textBenbounou, Abdellatif. "La doctrine politico-juridique des mouvements islamistes au Maroc à l'épreuve de la participation politique : cas du Mouvement de l'Unicité et de la Réforme, de l'Alternative Civilisationnelle et du Mouvement pour la Oumma (1970-2015)." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUED007.
Full textThis study aims at showing the evolution process and the transformation of doctrines of the Moroccan Islamic movements originating from Islamic youth (the chabiba islamiya). We decided to study the doctrines of three fundamental Islamic movements through the trials of their political participation. Thus, we will discuss the Reform and Uniqueness Movement (RUM) and its political wing the PJD (Party of Justice and Development), the civilizational alternative and the Movement for the Ummah (MFU). These three movements made a substantial effort which resulted in a revision of their political ideology in order to position themselves within the Moroccan political sphere, amongst other political actors. The principles of Islam are taken as a reference for these three movements, to which the Civilizational Alternative added the Human wisdom. The representation of the relationship between politics and religion has evolved. The leaders of these movements draw a theoretical distinction between the religious field and the political one; nonetheless, in practical terms, their political participation is not completely protected from an instrumental use of religion for political purposes. The caliphate institution is considered as a historical experience. Thus, the State is a civil institution in the service of the nation. Choura is a principle not contrary to democracy. The latter ensures political pluralism and respect for Human rights although there are some reservations. The application of the Charia is not the challenge anymore because its purpose is compromised by the rules of the positive law. The RUM and its political wing, the PJD, have already legalized their situation. The PJD is recognized as the official and main party of Morocco’s partisan political landscape. The limit to their political demand and the political context of the country during the Arab spring events, lead the PJD to exercise power by running the government under the guidance of the new constitution of 2011. Despite the recent recognition of the Civilizational Alternative, as an association having the same name, this association has been removed from the list of recognized political parties due to its political position, and the fact that the political parties map does not ensure the existence of this Islamic unifying current. The MPO (Mouvement for Oummah) has developed a reforming political doctrine, but its quest to get an official recognition from the regime did not succeed. The attempt at creating an autonomous political party named “Ummah Party” has been concluded by a ban from the Ministry of the Interior and supported by a judicial decision
Ezzoubir, Mustapha. "Le Mouvement islamique marocain et le pouvoir : étude du projet de société de la mouvance "Justice et spiritualité"." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA1022.
Full textAn objective understanding of the issue Islamism requires a dispassionate definition of the phenomenom and the adoption of a multidisciplinary approach, which takes into consideration the cultural factors of its religious identity, the factors of its economic and social political context and finally its intellectual construction factors and alternatives of its society project. Understanding this complex Islamic phenomenon, it is still remember that it is based on men and women, and not on dogmatic formulas, when even these would be more accessible to outside eyes than millions of people who are claiming to be representative of it. Would be the main question to know what are the intellectual construction and the society project brought by the followers of this phenomenon?
Nadifi, Salah Eddine. "Le Makhzen justicier et administrateur au Maroc." Perpignan, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PERP0634.
Full textSince the IXth century up to now the Makhzen has been one of the most important methods of government in Morocco. The aim of this work is to understand the so-called institution of Makhzen, its functioning and its process so as to be able to understand the country history as well as its political institutions and its characteristics. Literally and etymologically, the word Makhzen means a store, an institution made first to get funds, a permanent money stock, weapons, ammunitions, foods of all sorts gathered in large rooms to be away from inquisitive eyes. If we refer to the Islam encyclopaedia, the word Makhzen comes from Arabic verb “khazana”, which means to shut in, to store. Then its meaning gradually changed and towards the end of the XIXth century became the name of the place where power is concentrated as well as the whole government machinery including the king and the royal family, the government, the army and courtiers, that is to say the royal family's friends and the king representatives locally. Therefore, this work is divided into two parts, the first part deals with the study of the historical evolution of the institution “Makhzen” includig the colonial period. As for the second part it deals with the study of state control institutions (political, administrative, judicial) managed by the Makhzen directly or indirectly
Bousdraoui, Najia. "Les fondements de l'Etat au Maroc (1666-1860)." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010270.
Full textMadani, Mohammed. "Processus politique et processus social au Maroc : contribution à la connaissance d'un dispositif non-démocratique." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON10002.
Full textEl, Harchiche Abdellah. "Le déclin de la gauche au Maghreb : le cas du Maroc." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66333.
Full textThe Moroccan Left has faced the same fate as leftist parties and organizations of other Arab countries. It has failed to respond to the popular aspirations and transform its slogans into a revolution and conquer power. After having been the torchbearer of opposition for decades, the left-wing has gradually lost its anchorage amongst the masses and its role of fighting against despotism and oppression. Moreover, it lost its social role as a representative of the interests of the workers and proletarian class. After being a formidable political force supported by students and union organizations, the left is now fighting for its survival. It failed to resist to the regime wear and tear strategies that forced some members of the current left to abandon their principles and become collaborators of the authoritarianism. The attitude shown by some left-wing political parties during the popular upheaval of 2011 is a signal of the rupture between these left-wing parties and civil society. In addition to its marginal and limited role in the February 20th Movement which claims were close to the program and values defended by leftists, some leaders of left-wing parties manifested strong criticism and opposition to the protesters. They expressed clearly their rejection to support the movement’s demands and described theFebruary 20th Movement as suspicious. These popular uprisings like those that have marked the modern political history of Morocco, have revealed the inability of the parties and groups affiliated to the Left to appeal to popular bases. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the objective and subjective causes of the regression of the Left inMorocco.
Ghazani, Takfur Isabelle. "Acculturation constitutionnelle et résistances socio-politiques au Maroc." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100172.
Full textBouterfas, Ali. "Les idées et la pratique constitutionnelle de Hassan II." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05D003.
Full textThe purpose of this research focuses on the formulation of constitutional ideas of Hassan II, presented firstly through inheritance which underlies the ideological, religious and historical-political context; secondly in a more explicit set of pragmatic nature of discourse in which it is possible to extract legal principles and norms of constitutional law. We showed in the first instance the complex relationship between the Supreme Hassan II and the influence of conventions emanating from Koranic norms on organizing political power, patterns of devolution of royal power and the role of Mohammed V, his predecessor. The conceptualizations of Hassan's ideas on the constitution were influenced by his studies in French public law. Hassan II introduced in Morocco demands for a reorientation of the political destiny of the country towards the creating of a nation-state law derived essentially from Western nations. We have been able to decipher through speech ideas the underlying ideology of royal power against the institutions of a modern state, embodied in a certain vision of democracy. Furthermore, various views of Hassan II with regards to the doctrine of separation of powers, its mode of devolution, and the role of various bodies of power in the state can also be observed. Analysis of the 1962 to 1996 constitutions and its practice by the Moroccan king have also provided guidance on a synchronic approach by Hassan II of gradual constitutionalisation of royal power against the claims of the National Democratic Koutla by raising the relevant issues concerning the parliamentary reforms and governance. Ultimately, the constitutional ideas of Hassan II have matured to establish an original form of organizing power, combining specific features of the tradition and Shereefian Alawite and a reinterpretation of the role of the state and its organs of power in a legal system which favors royal institution
Belhaj, Saif Mohammed Rachid. "La politique scolaire du protectorat français au Maroc (1912-1940)." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H078.
Full textThe colonial school introduced in morocco has been clearly marked by the marechal Lyautey's ideological choice. Three essential principle were defined : - principle of "difference" that consisted to create specific schools for every school public : European school, franco-jewish school and franco-arabic school ; - principle of "differenciation" that distinguished on one hand between schools reserved for the sons of the leading citizens and populars schools and, on the other hand, between barbers and Arabs ; - principle of "lingering evolution" : the schooling of natives has not to confer more values to his public and to turn out soured elements. The analysis and questioning of several data have shown that these principles had been effectively applied
Fassi, Ayoub el. "L'Union socialiste des forces populaires, parti d'opposition marocaine et les limites du "processus de démocratisation" : 1972-1984." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON10043.
Full textMorocco is characterized by the assets that is has at its disposal but also by the obstacles that weight heavy on its will to reach independence. Its assets come with the social conflict that developped in the 1970s and that is fed by the political claims of the middle classes. The socialist party (usfp) has expressed these expectations by promoting democratic ideas. The period that follows is distinguished by the bigger role played by the opposition parties such as the usfp. However the background of this mode towards democracy is not a close look at the political history of the usfp reveals how difficult this process is
Jemaï, Mohamed. "La représentation socio-politique au niveau local au Maroc et la problématique modernité-tradition : terrain d'illustration, la ville d'Oujda." Paris 8, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA081208.
Full textThe traditionnal and socio-political representation of morroco at a local level has been much affected since independance (1956) by the importation of different modern and technical institutions of representation. As wel as society, as a whole, has wittenessed a lot of important changes. . Those tow realities have been understood considered through and whit in the realm of the problematic of modernity and tradition. The aim of this study is not only a descrition but also deals with the evolution of the representative institutions, the elites and their multidimentionnal environment ; in order to demonstrate how and why traditionalism imposed itself to link tradition and modernity, as a socio-cutural system ruling upon reality, but moreover, how it works and links the various fields of social political and economical life
Monjib, Maâti. "L'Istiqlal, l'U. N. F. P. Et le pouvoir au Maroc 1955-1965." Montpellier 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON30016.
Full textFive years after the independance, the national movement was exhausted : party quarrels and molitants' haemorrhage weakene it. In may 1960 the king 7th, 1965 the king proclaimed the state of emergency
Houdaïgui, Rachid El. "Le système décisionnel marocain et la gestion de la politique étrangère sous le règne de Hassan II." Toulouse 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU10019.
Full textAzzouzi, Abdelhak. "Autoritarisme et aléas de la transition politique dans les pays du Maghreb : les trajectoires comparées du Maroc, de l'Algérie et de la Tunisie." Toulouse 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU10062.
Full textThe three Maghreb countries (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia) illustrate the indeterminate perspective of the trajectory of democratization. They present similarities and contrasts whose scientific and academic relevance are immediately visible and generate the curiosity of those who use a comparative approach. The objective of this study is to understand the longevity of Maghrebin authoritarianism whereas, paradoxically, the policies of “democratization” and “liberalization” are initiated and oriented in the three countries sometimes in a similar manner and sometimes in a contradictory manner. The hold of the Maghrebin regimes, as well as the development of the policies of “democratization” and “liberalization,” have largely contributed to the expansion of the powers in place, to increase their legitimacy, whereas “democracy” has become the slogan of the authoritarian rulers and their opponents. The latters end up no longer distancing themselves from the regime and participate in the rules of the political game delineated by those in power. However, these “transitions” appear to be “atypical” cases envisaged by the democratization studies in so far as the impulse to change always originates from the “ancient regime” the authoritarian regimes in place for a long time. Nevertheless, these measures of openness are, at the same time, a process of “institutionalization” and “legitimization” in time as they are “uncertain” in as much as the rulers are called to put in place the “democratic” political process that imposes constraints and so represent risks for the authoritarian regimes themselves
Tazi, Jaouad. "Essai sur l'état et les rapports socio-économiques dans la théorie et l'histoire du Maroc impérial : du XIème au XIVème s." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100066.
Full textMohsen-Finan, Khadija. "Fonctions et enjeux du conflit du Sahara occidental : conflit régional et politiques intérieures." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0010.
Full textThe Western Sahara conflict became, within the past years, a real stake between the North African countries political relationships on the one hand, and inside every concerned country of the region, on another hand. This work, in its two dimensional aspects - regional and national demonstrates how this war interfered and reacted with the regional politics together with major reactions on the national politics of Morocco and Algeria, and to a lesser degree, Mauritania. The Polisario having a specific role in this analysis. One major aspect of this war is also the utilization of the notion of referendum for political reasons by all sides
Bernelas, Jean-Louis. "L'arabisation en Algérie : développement et enjeux." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100109.
Full textFrench colonial politics in Algeria asked the question of arabization, after the departure of Turk ishes milicias ("odgak"). But, what's the mean of arabization: translation or way of life? Nationalists’ parties (a. U. M. A. , p. P. A, m. T. L. D, m. N. A. , f. L. N. ) were opposed about that matter. Politics of arabisation was launched by m. Boumediene, but both Chadli Bendjedid and f. L. N. Developed it. It is 10 years since, the more arabization rises, the more islamisation progresses, control the political life; even the economic life is ruled by Muslims. Actually, berberians are opposed to arabization, because "Tamazight" is-in fact- banned in Algeria
Moujahid, Abdelfettah. "Le "gouvernement" du Grand Casablanca à l'épreuve de la gouvernance urbaine : gouvernance, planification et aménagement urbains du Grand Casablanca." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30009.
Full textThe recent appliance of Governance concept and practices to the territorial field raises the question of whether this Governance may constitute an appropriate solution to the governability crisis of our cities. Despite heavy investment in terms of human resources, infrastructures and urban planning studies, the Grand Casablanca “Government” finds it hard (or: has been unable) to produce a sustainable and coherent urban policy. This is due to Governance mechanisms’ complexity as well as to an unfavourable institutional framework (driven by the Wali) to transversal cooperation co-operation and planning. As a consequence, socio-spatial disequilibrium and improvisation in the implementation of major endeavours still constitute the main obstacles to urban planning and management. Given this context, should the “government” impose upon the territory criteria of good governance with its share of incertitude and reforms, or opt –instead- for the current governability system improvement? Many experiences show that it is possible to optimize the resources available within the present environment
Hassani, Ali. "Le nationalisme marocain : islam et modernité : 1920-1956." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100083.
Full textThe evolution of moroccan nationalism wasachieved in two simultaneous processe: on one hand, by opposition to protectorate; on the other hand, its aron internal evolution. We have preferred to divide the work into two parts: the first one dals with the emergence, the evolution, the organization, the expansion and the formation of the nationalist ideology betwean the two wars. Its question of the opposition of the medina to the colonial orderin parallel with the collaboration that the nationalist elite seeks to heep up with the regime in place, while claining the application of the protectorate as a control and not as a direct administration. The social fondation and the doctrine war constituted throughout this period. The second part discusses the evolution of nationalism after second world war. It is question of the nationalist alliance with the sultan sidi Muhammad ben Yusuf at its the crisis of the regime of the protectorate caracterized by the schisms of cooperation. The sultan, pivot of system, opposes the politics of the protectorate and clains the establishment of a new regime enabling moroccans to assume the management of their society while ensuring the interests of the dethronement of the sultan in order to have the freedam of action for the establishment of a regime of co-souvereignty, but the exile becames asynbol of the emancipation of the moroccan people. Finally, france could only negotiate the return of Sidi Muhammad ben Yusuf,. .
El, Alami Ahmed. "Le Maroc de 1961 à 1971 à travers le discours du roi Hassan II : esquisse d'une thématisation." Toulouse 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU10030.
Full text“Morocco from 1961 until 1971 through the speeches of king Hassan II” is an analytical view on the first decade of the reign of the successor of Mohammed V. In a country where monarchy reigns and governs, the king is at the same time “a constitutional monarch” ; and “god's shadow on earth”, that is to say : “commander of believers” (ameer al-moomeneen). Tradition and modernity, politics and religion are in the heart of the questions concerning political philosophy and development perspectives. From the constitutional abortive plan of 1908 until the ephemeral constitution of 1970 and the attempts of military putsch, we try to situate and understand the essential part of the Moroccan national debate on the following issues : - the constituent power between monarchy and people, from the principle of the constituent assembly to the royal drafting of the constitution, by the way of the designated constitutional council - elections, their regularity - or rather irregularity - the reduced weight of the elected representatives ; and the vicious circle of the permanent contesting of election operations - public freedom - political, trade-unionist and religious - the separation of powers and the beyond separation ; status of monarchy - stability as it is expressed by the management of the democratic margin (types of ballet and of multipartism, state of exception, the constitution of 1970. . . ), of the constitutional principle of authentic frontiers ; (Mauritany, Tindouf, 'Abadia, Ceuta. . . ), of "the relationship with the public force and of the mode of socio-economic development - the cultural dimension of development, the king's philosophy and firm agreements in view to stop the process of pauperization and of more and more unjust sharing of the national loot (agrarian reform, Islamic socialism, arabization. . . Etc). In order to grasp the scope of the royal vision we have surrounded it by the vision of the Moroccan elite represented by : 'a el fassl, h. Ei-Wazzami, m. Ben Barka. . . , without forgetting the fathers of resistance : Ma El-'Aynayn, 'Abd Al-Karim, Al-Khattahi and Moha or Hammou Zayani. . . It's all Morocco in motion, seeking a synthesis and its trajectory towards the heights of the XXIst century. .
Hennani, Norddin. "La protection de la constitution par le conseil constitutionnel au Maroc." Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2009/HENNANI_Norddin_2009.pdf.
Full textThe protection of the Constitution by the constitutional Council in Morocco, possible thanks to the constitutional revision of 1992, joins the reforms started by King Hassan II to strengthen the State under the rule of law. Unlike its predecessor (the constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court which was not in good conditions to control the constitutionality), the constitutional Council seems to be a serious guarantee of the constitutional ascendancy. In addition of having inherited the former Chamber’s contribution, it also has been attributed the role of controlling the constitutionality of the common laws. The purpose of this thesis is to know if the Moroccan constitutional Council, which was based on the French model, can, in the long term, be effective in a political system supported by traditions and religion. The issue will be approached by pointing out the legitimacy and the efficiency of the constitutional Council. This thesis considers that the constitutional Council suffers from a deficit of legitimacy which prevents it from taking root in the legal political compost. It also considers that the High jurisdiction evolves in an environment which prevents it from carrying its mission as guardian of the Constitution
Bouzidi, Rachida. "La Presse du parti de l'Istiqlal : (1946-1986)." Paris 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA020113.
Full textBaita, Abdeslam. "L'État colonial au Maroc : 1912-1956." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100184.
Full textThe colonial state in morocco is a result of the conquest. The reforms of the makhzen took the form of an articulation of the traditional structures of the state and the protectorate institutions. The state function of social control operated through a juridical system, the caidalism and the creation of representative institutions. But the legitimacy of the colonial state was always weak
Setta, El-Houari. "Mohammed Hassan Ouazzani (1910-1978) : l'homme politique, sa pensée et son action. Contribution à létude de la pensée politique marocaine moderne." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX32044.
Full textFelhi, Jamaleddine. "Les partis socialistes marocains depuis 1975." Nancy 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NAN20011.
Full textAbrous, Nacira. "L'enseignement du berbère : analyse comparée Algérie/Maroc." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0181.
Full textOur work consists of a comparative sociolinguistic analysis of the contexts, methods of integration and implementation of Berber language teaching in Algeria (from 1995 to 2015) and Morocco (from 2003 to 2015) following changes to institutional linguistic policies.These changes were brought in, over quite a short period of time (a decade), to regulate and/or anticipate social pressure in favour of the introduction of Berber in state schools. The examination of each of the three contexts consists of : a descriptive and an analytical angles. Departing from the empirical observation of the existence of points of convergence and divergence between the two countries in this “new Berber education policy”, we describe the structuration of teaching, the choices in relation to which language to teach, its standardisation, its graphic codification, as well as the objectives and didactic techniques implemented. This description confirms and discerns the continuities and discontinuities between the two states’ experiences and language policies. Our objective has been to seek out a sociolinguistic signification to this differentiated education. Diverse sources and materials resulting from fieldwork in the two countries are analysed with the aim of creating a transdisciplinary evaluation in light of conceptual work developed in the field of Berber studies, namely “peripheral” sociolinguistics, « language planning » and institutional tools. The interrogation of synchronic and diachronic data allows us to identify the essential points of convergence and divergence between the two States and to affirm the institutionalised nature of the minoration of the Berber language
Anadi-ya, d tazrawt d wesleḍ di tmettsnilest** tasmenyifant ɣef tegnatin d iberdan tuɣ Lezzayer d Lmerruk deg usekcem n uselmed n tmaziɣt ɣer iɣerbazen. Tagnit-a yewwi-tt ubeddel d-imlen tasertit d-iglan s tsertiyin tisnilsanin timaynutin.Tineḍra-ya myezwarent-d s wazal n 10 iseggasen. Usant-d ad semsawint annar n tutlayin neɣ ahat ad sifessent ddeṛk isers fell-asent umennuɣ d usuter isertanen n Imussuyen idlesanen imaziɣen. Ihi ad nessenqed 3 inurar di tezrawt-a. Yal annar ila sin iswiren : Aswir uglim* : seg wayen d yufraren deg wennar n unadi, iban-aɣ d kra n ukanzi d umgirredger snat agi n tmura, deg wayen umi neqqar « Tasertit tasegmant i tmaziɣt»**. Ad d-nessifer : asbeddi n uselmed, abraz n tutlayt, afran ugemmay d wamek ttwafernen isufar d iswiyen n uselmed. Aglam n yal annar isseflali-d ifṛez-d kra seg tmuɣliwin-nneɣ ɣef wayen issemlalen turmilin n uselmed di tmura-ya. Aswir usliḍ : Iswi ameqqran d-yufraren, d asegzi n inumak d lǧeṛṛa n wayen akk uqment tmura-a deg wennar n uselmed n tmaziɣt, ulamma mgarradent di kra n tsetwilin*. Nnnuda anamek imettilesi ila uselmed n tmaziɣt di yal tamurt, acimi d wamek d-myezgant tmura-ya. Isufar d isenfaṛen nesseqdec di tezrawt-nneɣ d ayen d-nhawec, d-nessukkes achal d aseggas aya. Nesbedd tazrawt-agi ɣef tezrawin tismazaɣin d wayen akk d nessmed si tmettsnilest tunnaḍt** akked tafernutlayt**. Nuna daɣen ayen akk d-iwwi umezruy, tasnamta*, tasertit d tantrupulujit akken ad aɣ-d-iban wadeg n tmaziɣt d wayen tt-issawden akka tella deg uselmed.Nessaweḍ, nessafer-d kra n yigmaḍ : tamaziɣt mazal d-teffiɣ seg waddad*-ines, mazal d tarbibt n iduba n tmura-ya. Anekcum is deg wennar uselmed ur yelli d asnerni i as d-yewwi, d asḍerref i tt-isḍerrif. S waya timura nessbent addag adday n tmaziɣt
Houdret, Annabelle. "Konflikte um Wasser in Marokko : ökologische und soziopolitische Ursachen sowie Möglichkeiten der Konflikttransformation." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/145515184#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textWater scarcity increasingly provokes conflicts with often violent tendencies. As water management is determined by socio-political structures, governance plays a key role in the emergence and resolution of these conflicts. Based on a case-study of water conflicts in Morocco, the key objective of the present study is to understand how different political, ecological and socio-economic factors interact in the dynamics of these disputes. The first of the nine chapters introduces the topic by reviewing the possibilities of measuring water scarcity and its impact. This is done by exploring the situation in the MENA-region, and by analysing the security implications at the international level as well as in the context of broader security concepts. The second chapter evaluates the value of three theoretical approaches to the study of water conflicts: common pool resources theories, environmental security approaches, and conflict research. On the basis of this assessment, the third chapter presents a specific analytical and methodological approach by adapting theories of conflict transformation to the study of water conflicts. Four working hypotheses are developed regarding the root causes of water conflicts, the type of farmers most affected and the potential for mediation. Chapters 4 and 5 analyse potential root causes of water conflicts in Morocco. Chapter 4 concludes that the political system with the particular role of the king and his alliances with rural elites is challenged by the lack of legitimacy of democratic institutions, the increasing influence of civil society and religious actors, and the emergence of new economic elites. Chapter 5 analyses water and agricultural policies in Morocco and concludes that water scarcity, the effects of trade liberalisation, and incomplete decentralisation processes contribute to increasing social disparities and may fuel conflict. Chapters 6 and 7 analyse the case of water conflicts in the Souss region in Southern Morocco. The region is highly affected by water scarcity. At the same time, it is of strategic importance to the export-oriented, lucrative citrus fruit production. In this context, the study analyses the increasing marginalisation of small farmers and the problems of public water management, which is challenged by influential private investors and illegal drilling. It also examines the pilot project ElGuerdane for water mobilisation and distribution through a public-private partnership in irrigation. The analysis reviews the project's technical and financial aspects, and its political and environmental implications. Chapter 7 introduces a typology of water conflicts developed on the basis of the author’s field research. It then presents the results of the empirical investigations including a large number of expert interviews, the study of six cases of water conflicts, and about 100 standardised interviews with farmers. The chapter concludes that an important marginalisation process of small farmers takes place in the valley, reveals that these farmers are also more often affected by conflicts over irrigation and drinking water, and examines the success of different mediators in this context. Chapter 8 points to the significance of these results for larger socio-political processes in the country and reveals four key trends characterising the changes in the relationships between society, king and government. Furthermore, the perspectives for water conflict transformation and the need for further research are developed. The last chapter presents a practical concept for enhancing conflict sensitivity in the water sector and for preventing violent escalation of tensions. It proposes three overall objectives in this regard: (a) understanding water conflicts as factors of socio-political (de-)stabilisation; (b) identifying conflict potentials and supporting transformation processes; and (c) dealing constructively with water conflicts. Concrete measures are proposed for the implementation of each of these objectives. Finally, the conclusion reviews the main challenges in the study of water conflicts and summarises the key findings
El, Hassani Abdellatif. "Recherches sur les fondements du Maroc moderne : essai sur les structures sociales, religieuses et politiques précoloniales : crise du système, échec des réformes, 1844-1912." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999IEPP0030.
Full textThis research, founded on Modern Morocco, is a detailed analysis of the development, of social, religious and political structures, mainly at the outset of contacts with Europe. The norms and mechanisms of the functions of institutions that give authority and elect heads and arbitrators of central and peripheral conflicts are examined. The 1st part deals with the specificities of social organisations in the major regions of “traditional” Morocco. Paradigms and theoretical models are used to give an epistemological insight into the plurality of Moroccan society. The study of the tribe, the diversity of its forms, its links with central power and its attachment to the universal nature of Islam allow an understanding of its dynamic and the importance of its reinsertion in historical discourse. The 2nd part deals with the study of religious and cultural fields and their political connections to the understanding of symbolic variation and historical changes. Investigation of the zaouia of Dila illustrates its warlike values, its intellectual and political knowledge, its social prestige and the entrenchment, offering access to the monarchal cycle, of the saints in the Atlas region. The 3rd part identifies specificities of the “traditional” model of government, the sharifien Makhzen : the major patrimonial institution of domination and the supreme level of orthodoxy. The sultan’s court is examined and identified as an anchorage point for the elite and other interested parties as well as the scene of integration into and participation to central power. Foreign pressure since the middle of the 19th century reveals the backwardness and inadequacy, in the face of modern demands, of these structures and institutions. Attempts at reform resulted in failure in failure which lead the way for the protectorat in 1912
Drissi, Nour Badraoui. "Les institutions politico-administratives marocaines et leur restructuration au début du Protectorat Français." Nancy 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN20010.
Full textThrough the study of the spirit of the reforms applied to Moroccan institutions which consequently modified the status of those who were their representatives, this work aims at evaluating what has been done in this field by the French protectorate authorities in morocco between 1912 and 1925. In order to introduce reforms which, for different reasons, seemed necessary to establish 'modern' administration in morocco, the French protectorate authorities had to act according to requirements prevailing in modern administrative organization. In order to give this work a historical and cultural perspective without which the apprehension surrounding these reforms could not be fully grasped, a presentation of the institutional patrimony of the Cherifian Empire has been developed at length. Thus, certain significant aspects rooted in Islamic law and Moroccan tradition have been analysed in relation to their resistance vis-a-vis the hexogeneous political and ideological will. Similarly, the analysis of the institutional heritage whose aim is to facilitate the comprehension of the cherifian administrative system and the functioning of pre-colonial administration, also aims at understanding the perception of the protectorate's reforms in Moroccan society. Finally, the reference to the cherifian kingdom's cultural, political and administrative past aspires to show how the concerned elements of Moroccan society have been influenced in their foundations and identity by the protectorate's undertaking of administrative reforms
Zair, Tarik. "La gestion décentralisée du développement économique au Maroc." Toulouse 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU10001.
Full textAttempt to shapeg a minimal State, the territorial decentralization is considered nowadays as on inevitable way to reach the local development. In Morocco, the option in favour of the local authorities, as economic agents, is the result of an “utilitarian necessity” which imposed itself on the central power. The State aims at hiding its inability to get the country out of its economic crises and to make responsible the decentralized power responsible for possible failures. Decentralized management of the economic development disclose a large amount of legal constraints that the reforms of 2002 were not able to overcome. Decentralized institutional and territorial frameworks turn out to be ill-adapted. The distribution of the economic skills was done at the expense on the local autonomies. The specific character of the economic skill favours the normative constraints which impose themselves on the decentralized powers. The growing politicization of the local development has probably weakened it. The difference of interest involved was done at the expense of the clarity which is necessary to the economic success. Thus, the development has taking a redistributive dimension and has not created wealth. The application of decentralized politic of development, in spite of its variety, resulted in visible shortcomings. The planning of the local development and its management show the difficulties to connect the two. The effectiveness of a decentralized politic of development is dependent on the improvement of the ressources devoted to the local development and on the overcoming of methodological gaps
El, harch Nour-Eddine. "Recherche sur le principe de légitimité au sein de la monarchie marocaine." Thesis, Perpignan, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PERP0031.
Full textTo find the origin of the legitimacy of an Arab constitutional monarchy, it was mandatory to analyse all the processes (temporal, spiritual, legal and political) which made it possible for a coercive government to be accepted by a barely governable people. For this purpose, we had to refer to the institutions (khalifat and sultanat), to the mechanisms (Bay’a and Shura) and to the different protagonists (the well-guided Caliphs, the Oulemas, the jurisconsults and the successive dynasties) which not only allowed this legitimacy to be adopted by the administered, but also helped it replace and reign over all its rivals. The method used here served demonstrate our purpose which was to show the backing of this legitimacy in order to bring to light the grey areas of this power
El, Achouri Mohammed Fouad. "La notion de démocratie au Maroc : essai d'analyse des discours du Trône, 1962-1995." Toulouse 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU10044.
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