Dissertations / Theses on the topic '[Bêta]-adrénergique'
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Lebesgue, Diane. "Anticorps anti-récepteur bêta-2-adrénergique à activité agoniste." Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR3807.
Full textMardon, Karine. "Évaluation des mécanismes de la désensibilisation bêta-adrénergique cardiaque." Paris 12, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA120009.
Full textCommunal, Catherine. "Exploration du système bêta-adrénergique dans différents modèles d'hypertrophie cardiaque chez le rat." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE18002.
Full textBarbe, Pierre. "La microdialyse du tissu adipeux sous-cutané humain : application à l'étude de la lipolyse bêta-adrénergique." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30265.
Full textBouhelal, Mohammed Rochdi. "Contribution à l'étude de la régulation fonctionnelle et métabolique du système récepteur bêta-adrénergique-adénylate-cyclase." Montpellier 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON20054.
Full textBousquet-Mélou, Alain. "Contrôle adrénergique de la lipolyse dans le tissu adipeux : désensibilisation à court-terme des voies bêta-adrénergiques, réceptivité alpha2- et bêta-adrénergiques chez les primates." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30207.
Full textPicard, Frédéric. "Modulation de la lipoprotéine lipase dans l'hypertriglycéridémie, contribution de l'insuline, du système bêta-adrénergique et du monoxyde d'azote." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0016/NQ54028.pdf.
Full textGarnier, Vincent. "Le couplage du récepteur bêta-adrénergique à la protéine Gs dans l'encéphale de rat : mise en évidence d'une modulation physiologique." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA11T014.
Full textThe P-adrenoceptors (βAR) of the central nervous system are relatively less studied than those of the periphery. This work ai ms at characterising the coupling of central βAR with G8 proteins and adenylyl cyclase, to eventually show differences with those of peripheral organs. In the presence of an agonist, βAR display two different states, named low- and highaffinity states. The latter state is responsible for the signal transmission, and it was confirmed by measuring the formation of cAMP in slices of rat cortex and cerebellum which βAR were stimulated. The high-affinity state is due to the direct binding of the G8 protein to the βAR. In the periphery, an excess of GTP or of an analog - like 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate (GppNHp) -induces the separation of G8 proteins from the receptors ; the latters are then ali in the lowaffinity state. However, this conversion was only partial in the cortex and cerebellum synaptosomes, whereas it was total in rat cultured astrocytes. The G8 proteins activities in the basal state as weil as in the activated state were at least twice higher in cultured astrocytes as compared with those of synaptosomes. Subsequently to a mild detergent treatment followed by the extraction of the detergent soluble part, receptors in the high-affinity state - which proportions were clearly increased - became totally sensitive to the excess of GppNHp, and Gs proteins activities were doubled. In contrast, this treatment had no significant effect on cultured astrocytes. In reconstitution experiments with detergent - treated membranes, the detergent - soluble part allowed in a dose dependant manner the restoration - or even the induction in the case of cultured astrocytes - of the GppNHp-insensitivit y to the totality of βAR in the high-affinity state. Taken together, these results suggest the presence of a GppNHp-insensitivity factor in the rat central nervous system, able to bind to G8 proteins. This probably proteic factor could be a transmission regulator, not only for the P-adrenergic signal, but also for other receptor-G protein couples
Langin, Dominique. "Site "imidazoline" et récepteur bêta3-adrénergique du tissu adipeux : caractérisation et discrimination par rapport aux récepteurs alpha2 et bêta-adrénergiques." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30029.
Full textAbu-Helo, Alaa. "Implication de GASP-1 dans la modulation de l’activité des agonistes du récepteur bêta-2 adrénergique dans la fonction respiratoire." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ024/document.
Full textGASP1 have been shown to modulate the postendocytic sorting of different GPCRs.In order to better understand the role of GASP1 in regulating the activity and intracellular traffic king of GPCRs, we have focused our project on the functional consequences of the interaction between GASP1 and beta2-adrenergic receptor (B2AR). B2AR agonists are potent bronchodilators used in the treatment of asthma. With Dr. N. Frossard, we have shown that achronic treatment with a B2AR agonist induces the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in wild-type but not in KO GASP1 mice. Furthermore, we have shown that this phenotype is not related to a difference of B2AR receptor degradation between wild type and KO animals but correlates with an increase in collagen levels in the lungs of wild type mice that is not observed in GASP1KO animals. Altogether, our data suggest thatGASP1 is critically involved in these adaptations, which could be related to a GASP1-dependent modification of lung tissues
Farza, Abderrazak. "Analyse de la vasomotricité artérielle de la main." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112237.
Full textThe main aim of this study is to better state precisely the arterial vasomotor control mechanisms of the hand. This study is effected on healthy volunteers one part at basal state control experience and in the other part after separate administration of vasoactive drugs, and this for different temperatures of the hand: ambient air, ten, twenty, thirty and fourth degrees centigrade. The method used consisted in determination of humeral blood flow (diameter, velocity) with a pulsed ultrasound Doppler velocimeter. Simultaneous the indirect measurement of blood pressure permitted to calculate loco-regional vascular resistances. In ambient air, the vascular resistances of the upper limb are significantly modified in comparison with control experience only with prazosin (eight per cent lowered) and in least measure with nifedipin (four percent lowered). The biggest and the more significant modifications are obtained at twenty degrees temperature of the hand. Then the vascular resistances increased more than fifty per cent under beta blockers and they decreased from twenty per cent under prazosin and enalapril and more than fourth per cent under nifedipin. These results point out that in the case of the circulation of the upper limb, the alpha and beta adrenergic neural control and hormonal control by renin-angiotensin system are very present in physiological conditions at the cutaneous arterial level particularly in the hand, in contrast with muscular arterial level of fore-arm: This explains the great reactivity of the cutaneous arterial circulation of the hand to thermal stimulus which is firstly to the service of the whole body economy
Roul, David. "Étude du système bêta-adrénergique dans deux modèles d'insuffisance cardiaque : la cardiomyopathie du choc septique et l'insuffisance cardiaque à fraction d'éjection préservée." Nantes, 2013. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=5b38e322-2122-4296-8b18-c0951e7deced.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to provide a molecular basis for the mechanisms involved in Three ß-adrenoceptors (ß-AR) are described in the cardiovascular system, ß1-, ß2- and ß3-AR. Alterations of ß-AR are involved in numerous cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, ß-AR are currently identified as efficient therapeutic targets in diseases like heart failure (HF). The septic shock is described as an acute HF. While its therapeutic involved ß-AR agonists, norepinephrine and dobutamine, discrepancies exist concerning the relevance of these agents as very few studies evaluate the cardiovascular ß-AR remodeling in this disease. In this context the first part of this PhD work focus on the cardiovascular ß-AR remodeling in an endotoxemic rat model. We demonstrated both increased ß2-AR vasodilation and ß1-AR cardiac contractility in this model. HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is the predominant form of HF. This disease associated with aging is a growing public health burden. The complex pathophysiology associated with a lack of relevant animal model lead to an absence of efficient treatment for this disease. Pr C. Gauthier's team developed a transgenic rat model overexpressing ß3-AR at the membrane of endothelial cells. In this context the second part of this PhD work focus on the characterization of this transgenic rat model at 30 weeks. We demonstrated a close profile to the human ICFEp in this model i. E. An altered diastolic function associated with a preserved ejection fraction and an increased myocardial fibrosis. This transgenic rat is therefore a relevant model for researches on ICFEp
Mantha, Line. "Modifications de la sécrétion et du catabolisme des lipoprotéines riches en triglycérides par une dépense énergétique augmentée, implication du système bêta-adrénergique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq25665.pdf.
Full textCarillion, Aude. "Physiopathologie de la dysfonction bêta-adrénergique et rôle de la protéine MRP4 au cours du vieillissement, du diabète et du syndrome métabolique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066485/document.
Full textThe studies presented in this report looked for a better understanding of the altered response to stimulation of the β-adrenergic receptors in several physiopathological contexts. The first study confirms the alteration of the β-adrenergic response at the cardiomyocyte level in the senescent cardiomyopathy. The role of MRP4 (multidrug resistance associated protein 4) in the reduced inotropic response to isoproterenol is emphasized. The second study evaluates the response to β-adrenoceptors stimulation in the metabolic syndrome and shows mild dysfunction in this context even in obesity associate with diabetes. These functional results are explained by a reduced expression of β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors but no overexpression of β3-adrenoceptor as observed in type 1 diabetes. The third study analyzes the role of atorvastatin on the β-adrenergic response in the diabetic cardiomyopathy and the mechanisms involved by study of the cardiac transcriptome. The inhibition of nitrite oxide production improves the response to β-adrenoceptors stimulation in diabetic heart. The fourth study explained part of the β-adrenergic dysfunction in the diabetic cardiomyopathy by the overexpression of MRP4. The inhibition of this protein restored the response to isoproterenol during diabetic cardiomyopathy. All together the present results carry on with description of the mechanisms involved in the β-adrenergic dysfunction in aging and diabetes and underline the role of MRP4
Gauthier-Erfanian, Chantal. "Modulation bêta-adrénergique du courant entrant lent calcique et de la contraction phasique de la fibre atriale de grenouille : intervention d'un mécanisme indépendant de l'AMPc." Poitiers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991POIT2259.
Full textParent, Audrey. "Découverte de nouveaux complexes protéiques impliqués dans la synthèse et le transport intracellulaire des récepteurs couplés aux protéines G." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4304.
Full textMichel, Christophe. "Mécanismes d'adaptation du muscle squelettique lors de l'insuffisance cardiaque chronique : étude expérimentale chez le rat." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10342.
Full textDouhard, Romain. "Étude de l'implication du récepteur Beta-3 adrénergique dans le macrophage dans le contexte de pathologies inflammatoires." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCI003.
Full textBackground: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is responsible for 500.000 deaths per year worldwide and represents the 2nd cause of death by cancer in industrialized countries. Despite the progress made, there is a real need for new therapies to increase patients’ survival. Stress is one of the main factors, which contributes to the occurrence and the progression of CRC, by secreting catecholamines that activate β-adrenergic receptors (β1-, β2- and β3-AR) within the tumor. Several studies and observations have showed that the activation of β-ARs could directly increase tumor proliferation (via mechanisms such as cell proliferation), or indirectly (via an action on immune cells). Among immune cells within the tumor, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent up to 50% of the tumor mass where they exhibit their different phenotypes (M1-like anti-tumor and M2-like pro-tumor). Several studies report the presence of β-ARs in macrophages where they seem to favour a pro-tumor polarization. Furthermore, among the three subtypes of β-ARs, most of the studies seem to describe a major implication of the β3-AR compared to β1- and β2-AR. Moreover, only the β3-AR was found to be overexpressed in CRC biopsies. Objectives/Methods: We thus aimed to develop a model to study the β3-AR in macrophages within inflammatory macrophage-dependent conditions. Then, we studied the effects of the β3-AR on colorectal cancer cells’ proliferation and human macrophages and TAMs polarization. Finally, after the study of the signaling pathways of this receptor within M1 and M2 macrophages, we assessed the effects of a pharmacological inhibition of the β3-AR on TAM polarization and tumor progression. Results: We confirmed that the β3-AR is expressed and functional in human macrophages where its activation leads to potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects through NOX2 inhibition and catalase expression. These effects appear to be subsequent to a Gs/PKA/Src/Erk1/2 signaling leading to the activation of PPARγ. In this work, we also saw that the β3-AR does not produce any effect on human CRC cell lines’ proliferation. We also showed that the β3-AR increases macrophage polarization towards the M2 phenotype while it decreases the M1 polarization. The study of β3-AR signaling in M1 and M2 macrophages exhibited Gs/PKA/Src/ERK1/2 and Src/PI3K/ERK1/2 pathways respectively. Finally, a pharmacological inhibition of the β3-AR prevented murine (CT-26) and human (SW480) tumors progression in vivo, through anti-M2-like and pro-M1-like effects on TAM polarization. In conclusion, these results suggest that the inhibition of the β3-AR, through its effects on macrophages polarization, could represent a promising strategy in order to improve CRC patient care
Audigane, Leslie. "Le récepteur β3-adrénergique, nouvelle cible potentielle dans le traitement de l'insuffisance cardiaque." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10312.
Full textUntil recently, studies on β-adrenergic (β-AR) regulation of cardiovascular function concerned global β-AR or β1/β2-AR effects, without considering β3-AR. The aim of this thesis work is to study β3-AR roles in comparison to β1- and β2-AR in the regulation of cardiovascular function in normal or pathological conditions. The β3-AR regulation of cardiac function is not yet completely understood. This is due, at least in part, to the lack of relevant animal model easily used in laboratories. Thus, the aim of the first part of this work is to characterize electrophysiological and contractile effects of cardiac β3-AR stimulation in rabbit heart. β-blocking molecules are largely used in heart failure treatment. Among the 3rd class of β-blockers with vasodilatating properties, nebivolol shows β3-AR agonistic properties. The aim of the second part is double: (1) to determine the adrenergic targets of nebivolol enantiomers using a functional approach and (2) to compare the effects of nebivolol and a 2nd generation β-blocker, bisoprolol, in the treatment of acute and chronic ischemic heart failure in rats. After cardiovascular pathologies, septic choc is the first death cause in intensive unit care and is associated to cardiovascular failure. Present treatments act on β-AR despite that data concerning cardiovascular βAR remodelling in septic choc are limited and contradictory. The aim of the third part is to characterize β-AR cardiovascular remodelling in an endotoxemic rat model
Aboab, Jérôme. "Effet de la modulation Beta adrénergique au cours du sepsis." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VERS0033.
Full textBeta blockers modulate the sympathetic/parasympathetic balance. In sepsis heart failure, they restore cardiovascular variability and improve survival. During septic shock, similar effects related to anti-inflammatory role may exist. In this research, we used a porcine endotoxemic model particularly severe characterized by the occurrence of heart failure during the first hour after LPS injection. Vascular filling was the same in each groups. No vasopressor was used. Given the cons-intuitive to use a beta-blocker in septic shock, we first tested the tolerance of beta-blockers during sepsis. The 20% decrease in heart rate was associated with an increase in stroke volume. Cardiac output remained stable whatever the experimental group. In the second experiment, we try to confirm the anti-inflammatory effects reported during sepsis in mouse models. These effects were not found in our model. In addition, the group of animals treated with esmolol showed a worsening of hepatic and renal function compared to the control group, raising the issue of the optimal dosage. Finally, we showed that blocking β1 was associated with an increase in cardiovascular variability reflecting improved overall functioning of the autonomic nervous system. The spectral analysis has revealed that Esmolol alters the sympathetic/parasympathetic balance in favor of parasympathetic activity
Sèze-Goismier, Camille. "Rôle physiologique du récepteur β3-adrénergique vasculaire dans l’insuffisance cardiaque." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10067.
Full textThis work concerned the study of the involvement of a catecholaminergic receptor, the β3-adrenoceptor, in the cardiovascular physiopathology. There were three steps. First, the expression of a functional β3-adrenoceptor was shown in the human internal mammary artery. This receptor induces the vasodilatation via the NO pathway. Then, the modifications of the expression and the function of the vascular β-adrenoceptor induced by heart failure (HF) were studied in a rat model of coronary artery ligation. At terminal stage of HF, the β3-adrenoceptor is overexpressed and the vasodilatation induced by its stimulation is potentiated. The last part of this work consisted in the study of the consequences of the overexpression of the human β3-adrenoceptor at the endothelial level in a model of transgenic rat developed in our laboratory. The understanding of the involvement of the three β-adrenoceptors subtypes in the development of HF will allow a better adaptation of the β-blocking therapy to the different stages of this pathology
Rouget, Céline. "Le récepteur β3-adrénergique du muscle lisse utérin humain : une cible potentielle d'agents tocolytiques." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05P614.
Full textThe preterm birth represents the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in developed countries. The strategies for medical management remain restricted and relatively inefficient. Amongst different actions undertaken to reduce preterm birth and health problems of preterm neonates, the development of new pharmacological tools to treat uterine contractility dysfunction is essential. We were interested in the b3-adrenoceptor and its agonists known to have myorelaxant properties on the uterus smooth muscle, the myometrium. The aim of our work consisted in the pharmacological characterisation of the b3-adrenoceptor in the human myometrium, on the one hand in studying the influence of pregnancy on the expression of this receptor and on the other hand, by exploring the desensitisation phenomenon which can affect it. Our results give arguments in favour of clinical development of selective b3- adrenoceptor agonists in the pharmacological treatment of preterm labour
Robriquet, Laurent. "Modulation de l'équilibre hydrique pulmonaire au cours de l'agression pulmonaire aiguë infectieuse." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00365175.
Full textVoisin, Pierre-Jean. "Les cultures de cellules cérébelleuses comme modèle d'étude cellulaire de la modulation de l'expression d'un récepteur : le récepteur béta-adrénergique." Bordeaux 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR22018.
Full textRobay, Amal. "Régulation par la stimulation β3-adrénergique et les interactions protéines-protéines : implications putatives dans la mucoviscidose." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2003.
Full textIn the present work, Using pharmacological and biochemical approaches, we demonstrated that the 3-adrenoceptor regulates CFTR protein independently of AMPc/PKA pathway, but this regulation involved the Gi/o-PI3K- ERK 1/2 MAPK pathway. This signalling pathway is able to regulate CFTR independently of 3-adrenoceptor. We have characterized a 3-adrenoceptor expression in human lung and in bronchial human epithelial cells. We have also demonstrates that an overexpression of NHE-RF protein was able to restore the chloride activity of F508-CFTR. Furthermore, we have shown a significant increase in the maturation of F508-CFTR protein. NHE-RF enhanced also the trafficking of F508-CFTR protein towards the apical plasma membrane
Cothenet-Vernoux, Laura. "Influence des récepteurs alpha-et bêta-adrénergiques sur le métabolisme des phosphoïnositides : relation avec les réponses physiologiques cellulaires : modèle d'étude : la plaquette de rat." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066313.
Full textColussi-Mas, Joyce. "La sensibilisation comportementale à l'amphétamine : implication de la transmission β-adrénergique et des afférences à l'aire tegmentale ventrale." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10290.
Full textLeblais, Véronique. "Caractérisation pharmacologique du récepteur β-3-adrénergique dans le système cardio-vasculaire." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA11T047.
Full textA functional β3-adrenoceptor has been recently described in the human heart. The β3- adrenoceptor stimulation, in contrast to that of β1- and β2-adrenoceptors, decreases cardiac contractility through a pertussis toxin (PTX) sensitive Guo protein. We have shown that this negative inotropic effect involves a NO Synthase (NOS) activation and an increase in intracellular cGMP level. For the first time, a channel, CFfR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator), is described as a β3-adrenoceptor effector. Furthermore, we have shown, in a heterologous mammalian expression system, that the regulation of CFfR chloride conductance by the β3-adenoceptor is independent of the cAMP/PKA pathway, but involves a PTX sensitive Giio protein. We also suggest that this regulation is not mediated by NOS and does not imply the cytosolic protein NHE-RF (Na+IH+ Exchanger Regulator Factor). Activation of CFfR could explain in part the decrease in action potential duration induced by the β3-adrenoceptor stimulation. Pharmacological tools allowed us to demonstrate that the β3-adrenoceptor is expressed in the rat aorta. The β3-adrenoceptor stimulation induces a vasorelaxation which depends on the endothelium and is mediated through the activation of a NOS pathway and an increase in intracellular cGMP level. The β3-adrenoceptor characterization in the cardiovascular system provides new cellular coupling pathways for this receptor
Tellez, Stéphane. "Modulation noradrénergique in vivo du système nerveux central cholinergique : rôle du récepteur alpha-2 adrénergique." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30276.
Full textMallem, Mohamed Yassine. "Modification de la relaxation vasculaire beta-adrénergique : étude in vitro d'un modèle de rat hypertendu et d'un modèle expérimental de fourbure chez le cheval." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT07VS.
Full textSeveral studies indicate that β3-adrenoceptors (β3-AR) responsiveness is generally decreased both in human hypertension and in vanous animal models of hypertension. However, β3-AR dysfunction has not yet been thoroughly established. We have shown that functional β3-AR-mediated relaxation was unaffected in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at 12 weeks old in spite of the upregulation of the β3-AR. . . . Our findings suggest that induction of cyclo-oxygenases by endotoxin plays a major role in this alteration. . In SHR rats at 12 weeks old, the maintenance of functional β3-AR-mediated relaxation in hypertensive rats suggests a potential beneficial role of β3-AR in the treatment of hypertension. However, impairment of atypical β3-AR-mediated relaxation may be involved in the pathogenesis of the hypertension. In equine laminitis, endotoxin-induced impairrnent of β3-AR-induced relaxation in equine digital veins, suggests that β3-AR could play a role in vascular disorders associated with the action of endotoxin in equine acute laminitis
Larrouy, Dominique. "Le récepteur A1 de l'adénosine du tissu adipeux : distribution, couplage et régulation, comparaison avec le recepteur alpha2 adrénergique." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30002.
Full textTrochu, Jean-Noël. "Nouvelles cibles pharmacologiques pour le traitement de l'insuffisance cardiaque : régulations de l'inotropisme par le récepteur bêta3-adrénergique et du métabolisme énergétique." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT01VS.
Full textWe characterized two new potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of heart failure: the cardiovascular effects of bêta3-adrenoceptors (bêta3AR) and the regulation of myocardial energetics by nitric oxide (NO). We showed that bêta3AR stimulation induced a negative inotropic effect in human heart through a pertussis toxin Gi sensitive protein and the activation of an endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) pathway. In heart failure, bêta3AR was upregulated and participated to the alteration of systolic function. In rat aorta bêta3AR was mainly located in the endothelial layer and induced an endothelium-dependant vasodilation through the activation of eNOS. During heart failure in dogs, simvastatin upregulated eNOS, improved cardiac metabolism and delayed cardiac decompensation. We hypothesize that bêta3AR can be involved in the regulation of O2 consumption through uncoupling, inotropic and NO mediated metabolic regulations
Tiaho, François. "Le canal calcique de myocytes ventriculaires de rat : mécanismes de transfert ionique, régulation β-adrénergique : modulation par les dihydropyridines." Tours, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOUR4012.
Full textKremer, Mélanie. "Analyse mécanistique des traitements de la douleur neuropathique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ033/document.
Full textNeuropathic pain is caused by a lesion or a disease of the somatosensory nervous system. Pregabalin, an anticonvulsant, and duloxetine, an antidepressant, are the standard treatments, effective in one-third of patients. A better understanding of their mechanisms of action is a crucial point to improve their tolerance and efficiency. By using a murine model of peripheral neuropathy, we have shown that : 1) pregabalin, whose effect is independent from the opioid system, acts on the peripheral neuroimmune component of pain ; 2) duloxetine acts via two independent mechanisms, one central (descending controls) for an acute treatment and the other peripheral (dorsal root ganglia) for a chronic treatment. In this case, transcriptomic analysis hightlights an inhibition of the neurogenic inflammation. Comparison of duloxetine plasmatic levels in humans and mice suggests a peripheral action in humans
Le, Douairon Lahaye Solène. "Effet combiné du diabète insulino-dépendant et de l’entraînement sur la fonction cardiaque : étude du système β-adrénergique et du système de régulation du calcium intracellulaire." Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00472525/fr/.
Full textThe insulin treatment does not avoid long-term development of cardiomyopathy, regular physical activity is now offered as a complement to drug therapy of diabetes. Our primary aim was to determine long term respective effects of exercise training and insulin treatment on cardiac function with a focus on the β-adrenergic system and/or on the calcium intracellular regulatory system. In the long-term insulin treatment and exercise training were not able to decrease the troubles caused by diabetes on myocardial function. Our endurance training did not improve myocardial performance in our model of diabetic rats, furthermore bradycardia and the β-adrenergic desensitization induced by diabetes has been increase. Afterwards, we considered the effects of a possible synergy between long-term insulin treatment and exercise training on myocardial performance. Associated insulin treatment and exercise training are able to normalize contractile function. This additive effect is likely mediated by changes in the signaling pathway involving Ca2+ cycling proteins. Our works show the interest of a major bi-dimensional treatment - insulin treatment, physical activity - in the therapeutic management of patients with diabetes everyday. However, we highlighted importance of adequate physical activity to induce the expected benefits
Laurent, Anne-Coline. "Rôles et mécanismes d’action de la protéine Epac dans l’hypertrophie cardiaque." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA11T044/document.
Full textCatecholamines regulate cardiac function by stimulating β-adrenergic receptors (β-AR), leading to cAMP production and activation of a multiplicity of signaling pathways. Epac proteins are exchange factors for small G proteins which are directly activated by cAMP. Given the importance of the β-adrenergic pathway in cardiac physiopathology, it becomes essential to characterize functions of Epac protein in myocardium. In a first part, this study shows that H-Ras and Rap2B GTPases are involved in Epac-induced neonatal rat cardiac myocytes hypertrophy. Epac induces activation of the PLC/IP3/Ca2+ pathway which is necessary for H-Ras activation. At the transcriptional level, Epac causes HDAC4 nuclear export leading to activation of a hypertrophic gene program. In a second part, this study reveals implication of Epac1 in cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. Deletion of Epac1 in mice protects from cardiac remodeling induced by chronic isoproterenol infusion and enhances cardiac function. Cardiac specific overexpression of Epac1 in mice induces cardiac myocytes hypertrophy. Interestingly, β-AR/Epac1 pathway triggers ubiquitinated proteins accumulation and activation of autophagy both in vitro and in vivo. By eliminating aggregates and by counteracting hypertrophic effects of Epac, autophagy protects from deleterious effects of the β-AR/Epac pathway. These results open news insights into the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure
Simard, Julie. "L'activation de la PI 3-kinase par les récepteurs [bêta]-adrénergiques est dépendante du sous-type." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15475.
Full textGalandrin, Ségolène. "La pluridimensionalité de l'efficacité des ligands des récepteurs couplés aux protéines G : les récepteurs B[bêta]₁- et B[bêta]₂-adrénergiques en tant que modèles d'étude." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15256.
Full textRichard, Chloé. "Modulation du transport des fluides lors de lésions pulmonaires induites par la transplantation pulmonaire : études des mécanismes expliquant l'absence de réponse aux [bêta]-agonistes." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15392.
Full textCharest, Pascale G. "Étude de l'activation des MAPKs ERK1/2 par les récepteurs couplés aux protéines G : rôle de la protéine adaptatrice [bêta]arrestine." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15190.
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