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Journal articles on the topic 'Betel nut Papua New Guinea'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 December 2022

Last updated: 25 January 2023

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1

Thomas, S. J., and R. MacLennan. "Slaked lime and betel nut cancer in Papua New Guinea." Lancet 340, no. 8819 (September 1992): 577–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)92109-s.

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2

Sekkade Kiyingi, K. "Slaked lime and betel nut cancer in Papua New Guinea." Lancet 340, no. 8831 (November 1992): 1357–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)92545-q.

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3

Senn, M., F. Baiwog, J. Winmai, I. Mueller, S. Rogerson, and N. Senn. "Betel nut chewing during pregnancy, Madang province, Papua New Guinea." Drug and Alcohol Dependence 105, no. 1-2 (November 2009): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.06.021.

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4

Dowse, G. K., and B. J. Boucher. "Betel-nut chewing and diabetes in Papua New Guinea and elsewhere." Diabetologia 37, no. 10 (October 1994): 1062–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00400471.

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5

Sharp, Timothy L. M. "Trade's Value: Relational Transactions in the Papua New Guinea Betel Nut Trade." Oceania 86, no. 1 (January 6, 2016): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ocea.5116.

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6

Sharp, Timothy L. M. "Haggling Highlanders: Marketplaces, Middlemen and Moral Economy in the Papua New Guinean Betel Nut Trade." Oceania 89, no. 2 (July 2019): 182–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ocea.5221.

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7

Thomas, Steven J., Christopher J. Bain, Diana Battistutta, Andrew R. Ness, Darius Paissat, and Robert Maclennan. "Betel quid not containing tobacco and oral cancer: A report on a case–control study in Papua New Guinea and a meta-analysis of current evidence." International Journal of Cancer 120, no. 6 (2007): 1318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.22304.

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8

Thomas, Steven J., Ross Harris, Andrew R. Ness, Joachim Taulo, Robert Maclennan, Noah Howes, and Christopher J. Bain. "Betel quid not containing tobacco and oral leukoplakia: A report on a cross-sectional study in Papua New Guinea and a meta-analysis of current evidence." International Journal of Cancer 123, no. 8 (October 15, 2008): 1871–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.23739.

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9

HEATUBUN, CHARLIE D. "Areca jokowi: A New Species of Betel Nut Palm (Arecaceae) from Western New Guinea." Phytotaxa 288, no. 2 (December 14, 2016): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.288.2.8.

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A new species of betel nut palm, Areca jokowi, is described and illustrated here. This is the third species of Areca to have been described recently from New Guinea that is closely related to the widespread, economically important species A. catechu, the cultivated betel nut palm. A discussion of its morphological characters, distribution, ecology, habitat, uses and conservation status is provided, as well as a new identification key for western New Guinean Areca.

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10

Heatubun, Charlie Danny, MARTHINUS P. IWANGGIN, and VICTOR I. SIMBIAK. "A new species of betel nut palm (Areca: Arecaceae) from western New Guinea." Phytotaxa 154, no. 1 (December 17, 2013): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.154.1.4.

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A new species of betel nut palm, Areca unipa, is described and illustrated here for the first time. This is the second species of Areca from New Guinea that is closely related to the widespread, cultivated species A. catechu. A discussion of its morphological characters, distribution, ecology, habitat, uses and conservation status is provided.

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11

Ollivier, J, Akus, W., and X. Bonneau. "COCONUT NUTRITION IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA." CORD 15, no. 02 (June 1, 1999): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v15i02.329.

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Copra yield in Papua New Guinea is estimated at 0.6 tonnes per hectare per year. Several factors may be responsible for this low productivity compared to other Asia Pacific countries. Amongst these, nutrient deficiency is an important limiting factor. In order to evaluate coconut nutrition status in PNG, leaf sample collection was undertaken by examining 23 sites around the country and from a nutrition trial carried out at the Stewart Research Station of the PNG Cocoa & Coconut Research Institute (PNG-CCRI) in the Madang Province. Results of leaf analysis revealed significant widespread nitrogen deficiencies at most of the sampled sites and geographic variations in potash deficiency. Chlorine deficiency varied with geographic sites and was closely related to the prevailing wind pattern. Preliminary results on nut-set and flowering in the trial at Stewart Research Station revealed a positive response to nitrogen and chlorine-based fertilizer applications. This suggests that appropriate fertilizer applications would be benefit future coconut production on this particular site.

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12

Chen, Gene, Ming-Yu Hsieh, Andy Wei-Ge Chen, Nina Hsiao-Ling Kao, and Mu-Kuan Chen. "The effectiveness of school educating program for betel quid chewing: A pilot study in Papua New Guinea." Journal of the Chinese Medical Association 81, no. 4 (April 2018): 352–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcma.2017.10.001.

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13

Fairbairn, Andrew, and Pamela Swadling. "Re-Dating Mid-Holocene Betelnut (Areca Catechu L.) and Other Plant Use at Dongan, Papua New Guinea." Radiocarbon 47, no. 3 (2005): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200035153.

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Direct accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating of anaerobically preserved plant remains from the Dongan site in New Guinea, combined with assessment of preservation condition, confirms earlier doubts about the antiquity of betelnut (Areca catechu L.) found at the site. A possible sago leaf fragment is also identified as a modern contaminant. The mid-Holocene age of other fruit and nut remains is verified using these methods. The utility of AMS dating in combination with detailed archaeobotanical assessment is demonstrated, thus improving chronometric hygiene and with it knowledge of past plant use in Oceania.

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14

Ome-Kaius, Maria, Holger W. Unger, Dupain Singirok, Regina A. Wangnapi, Sarah Hanieh, Alexandra J. Umbers, Julie Elizah, Peter Siba, Ivo Mueller, and Stephen J. Rogerson. "Determining effects of areca (betel) nut chewing in a prospective cohort of pregnant women in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea." BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 15, no. 1 (August 19, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-015-0615-z.

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15

Gheddar, Laurie, François-Xavier Ricaut, Alice Ameline, Nicolas Brucato, Roxanne Tsang, Matthew Leavesley, Jean-Sébastien Raul, and Pascal Kintz. "Testing for Betel Nut Alkaloids in Hair of Papuans Abusers using UPLC–MS/MS and UPLC–Q-Tof-MS." Journal of Analytical Toxicology, June 19, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkz045.

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Abstract Betel nut is the fruit of Areca palm, growing in Papua New Guinea. Mixed with limestone and stick mustard, arecoline and guvacoline, which are present in betel nut, are hydrolyzed into arecaidine and guvacine, respectively. As part of the study on dietary habits of Papuans residents, our laboratory was asked to analyze the four alkaloids in hair to document long-term exposure. Hair samples were collected from 19 adult subjects (males = 11; females = 8), by some of the authors, and were sent to the laboratory for analysis. The four alkaloids have very similar chemical structures. In order to accurately identify the drugs, two methods were developed. First, the compounds were identified using an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography system coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Then, they were quantified by an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography system coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. After decontamination with dichloromethane, hair samples were cut into very small segments and 20 mg were incubated in methanol for 2 h 30 min in an ultrasound bath. After cooling, the methanol was evaporated to dryness in presence of 20-μL octanol to prevent volatilization. Nicotine-d4 was used as an internal standard. Linearity was observed for concentrations ranging from the limit of quantification to 20 ng/mg for arecoline, arecaidine, guvacine and guvacoline. Measured concentrations were in the range 60 pg/mg to 18 ng/mg for arecoline (n = 19), 14 pg/mg to 2.5 ng/mg for guvacoline (n = 11), 63 pg/mg to 3.8 ng/mg for arecaidine (n = 11) and 100 pg/mg to 3.2 ng/mg for guvacine (n = 6). There was no correlation between concentrations of arecoline and arecaidine (ratio from 0.01 to 0.18) and guvacoline and guvacine (ratio from 0.06 to 3.50). However, the identification of these substances in hair is a good marker of consumption of betel nut and allows us to document a local practice that remains difficult to evaluate just by questioning.

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16

Theilmann, Michaela, Julia M. Lemp, Volker Winkler, Jennifer Manne-Goehler, Maja E. Marcus, Charlotte Probst, William A. Lopez-Arboleda, et al. "Patterns of tobacco use in low and middle income countries by tobacco product and sociodemographic characteristics: nationally representative survey data from 82 countries." BMJ, August 30, 2022, e067582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2021-067582.

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Abstract Objectives To determine the prevalence and frequency of using any tobacco product and each of a detailed set of tobacco products, how tobacco use and frequency of use vary across countries, world regions, and World Bank country income groups, and the socioeconomic and demographic gradients of tobacco use and frequency of use within countries. Design Secondary analysis of nationally representative, cross-sectional, household survey data from 82 low and middle income countries collected between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2020. Setting Population based survey data. Participants 1 231 068 individuals aged 15 years and older. Main outcome measures Self-reported current smoking, current daily smoking, current smokeless tobacco use, current daily smokeless tobacco use, pack years, and current use and use frequencies of each tobacco product. Products were any type of cigarette, manufactured cigarette, hand rolled cigarette, water pipe, cigar, oral snuff, nasal snuff, chewing tobacco, and betel nut (with and without tobacco). Results The smoking prevalence in the study sample was 16.5% (95% confidence interval 16.1% to 16.9%) and ranged from 1.1% (0.9% to 1.3%) in Ghana to 50.6% (45.2% to 56.1%) in Kiribati. The user prevalence of smokeless tobacco was 7.7% (7.5% to 8.0%) and prevalence was highest in Papua New Guinea (daily user prevalence of 65.4% (63.3% to 67.5%)). Although variation was wide between countries and by tobacco product, for many low and middle income countries, the highest prevalence and cigarette smoking frequency was reported in men, those with lower education, less household wealth, living in rural areas, and higher age. Conclusions Both smoked and smokeless tobacco use and frequency of use vary widely across tobacco products in low and middle income countries. This study can inform the design and targeting of efforts to reduce tobacco use in low and middle income countries and serve as a benchmark for monitoring progress towards national and international goals.

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17

Lentfer, Carol, Peter J. Matthews, Chris Gosden, Sue Lindsay, and Jim Specht. "Prehistory in a nutshell: a Lapita-age nut-cracking stone from the Arawe Islands, Papua New Guinea." Archaeology in Oceania, July 10, 2013, n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arco.5008.

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