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Journal articles on the topic 'Betel quid related lesions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Chuang, Hui-Ching, Ming-Hsien Tsai, Yu-Tsai Lin, Ming-Huei Chou, Kun-Lin Yang, and Chih-Yen Chien. "Systemic and Local Effects Among Patients With Betel Quid-Related Oral Cancer." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 21 (January 2022): 153303382211468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15330338221146870.

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The major predisposing factors of developing oral cancer include smoking, alcohol drinking, and betel quid chewing. Betel quid chewing could cause the abrasion and damage of oral mucosa by crude fibers, chemical insults by additive slaked lime, and arecoline from areca nut. These would lead to the local consequence of oral submucosal fibrosis, which is regarded clinically as a precancer lesion and a major cause of trismus. In addition, the components and additives in betel quid contain chemical toxins and carcinogens, which would further affect the oral mucosa and gradually develop a malignanc

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Chow, W. B., D. B. Shieh, and Y. T. Jin. "Studies of mitochondria DNA alterations in microdissected betel quid-related oral cancer and precancerous lesions." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology 96, no. 3 (2003): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1079-2104(03)00409-8.

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Ramli, Rosmaliza, Tng Nur Kamaliah Tng Mohd Salleh, Yuen Wern Tham, Nurhafizah Ghani, Masitah Hayati Harun, and Nik Aloesnisa Nik Mohd Alwi. "Oral Mucosal Lesions in Kelantanese subpopulation: A One-Year Data Review." Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine 5, no. 1 (2021): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2021.5.1.390.

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Purpose – Mucosal lesions of the oral cavity are common findings at dental clinic worldwide. Regardless of the severity and diagnosis, oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) affect an individual’s general health, as the oral cavity serves as the main route for nutrients intake that is crucial for human survival. Data on the prevalence and distribution of OMLs is imperative to aid in the diagnosis and management of OMLs. The aim of the present study was to determine the distribution of OMLs amongst patients attending dental clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (Hospital USM). Design and method

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Tak, J., N. Gupta, and R. Bali. "Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Review Article on Etiopathogenesis." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 12, no. 2 (2015): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v12i2.13666.

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Areca quid chewing related oral mucosal lesions are potential hazard to a large population worldwide. Commercially freeze dried products such as pan masala, guthka and mawa have high concentration of areca nut per chew and appear to cause OSMF more rapidly than by self prepared conventional betel quid that contain smaller amounts of areca nut. The basic constituent of areca nut is either raw or dried or boiled or baked. Diverse agents including lime, tobacco, catechu, cloves, saffron and leaf of piper betel leaves may form a part of formulation. Many of the undesirable aspects of areca nut hav

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Allah Bux Mushtaq, Abdul Waheed, Ghulam Shabir Mahar, Amrat Kumar, Ashok Kumar, and Athar Khan. "Frequency of premalignant lesions of oral cavity in Lyari Town, Karachi." JMMC 12, no. 1 (2022): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.62118/jmmc.v12i1.211.

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Introduction: Usage of tobacco in any form and its related products is the chief avoidable reason of death around the globe based on reports published by WHO. Currently, approximately 6 million fatalities occur each year and majority of these deaths, almost 4 out of every 5 fatalities occur in less developed countries around the world. Objective: To find out the frequency of premalignant lesion in oral cavity in persons consuming betel nuts and tobacco in Lyari town Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: After Institutional ethical committee approval, this cross-sectional survey was carri

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Chang, Kong-Chao, Ih-Jen Su, Sen-Tien Tsai, Dar-Bin Shieh, and Ying-Tai Jin. "Pathological Features of Betel Quid-Related Oral Epithelial Lesions in Taiwan with Special Emphasis on the Tumor Progression and Human Papillomavirus Association." Oncology 63, no. 4 (2002): 362–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000066227.

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Yang, Cheng-Mei, Chien-Chou Chen, Yu-Kai Tseng, et al. "The variant of pri-mir-26a-1 polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of betel quid–related oral premalignant lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology 124, no. 4 (2017): 378–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2017.05.515.

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Anzil, KSA, J. Mathews, AG Sai, M. Kiran, S. Kevin, and S. Sunith. "Prevalence of Deleterious Oral Habits and Oral Mucosal Lesions among Fishermen Population of Mahe, South India." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 17, no. 9 (2016): 745–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1923.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Fishing is an occupation associated with uneven diet, strain, drunkenness, tobacco use, and deleterious habits. The physical state of laborers on a large scale will also be influenced by conditions at their work site. Oral mucosal lesions can occur as a result of infections, local shock or infuriation, systemic diseases, and uncontrolled usage of tobacco, betel quid, and alcohol. The aim of the present study is to assess the prevalence of deleterious oral habits and oral mucosal lesions among fishermen population of Mahe, South India. Materials and methods The study popul

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Rawlani, Sudhir Shivlal, Shobha Shivlal Rawlani, Monika Madhavdas Khubchandani, Shivlal Mihomal Rawlani, and Palak M. Hemrajani. "Prevalence of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders among the Factory Workers of Wardha District." Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University 20, no. 2 (2025): 276–79. https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_289_24.

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Abstract Introduction: India currently being the second largest populated country, India’s contribution to the global burden of tobacco-induced disease such as oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), leukoplakia, and oral lichen planus have the potential for malignant transformation. The objective was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of oral potentially malignant disorders among the factory workers. Materials and Methods: After obtaining the clearance from institutional ethical committee observational descriptive case–control study was conducted at Uttam Galva Steel factory. Group of factory

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Shamloo, Sajjad, Fatemeh Alimoradi, Abdolmehdi Araghizadeh, et al. "Oral Manifestations With Tissue Alterations of Nas or Pan Consumption: A Case Study in Bandar Abbas (Iran) in 2018." Hormozgan Medical Journal 27, no. 2 (2023): 86–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/hmj.2023.3024.

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Background: Smokeless tobacco (ST) refers to tobacco products that are used by a means other than smoking such as snuff, chewing tobacco, nas, and betel quid (pan). There is little understanding of the oral manifestations with tissue alterations of nas or pan consumption. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the oral manifestations in nas and pan consumers in Bandar Abbas, Iran, to raise the awareness of individuals and predict the associated risks and treatment strategies. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out on 160 patients who referred to the dental clinic of the denti

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Barsouk, Adam, John Sukumar Aluru, Prashanth Rawla, Kalyan Saginala, and Alexander Barsouk. "Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma." Medical Sciences 11, no. 2 (2023): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medsci11020042.

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Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a group of malignancies, involving the oral cavity, pharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, nasal cavity, and salivary glands, that together compose the seventh most common cancer diagnosis worldwide. With 890,000 new cases and 450,000 deaths annually per GLOBOCAN estimates, HNSCC accounts for roughly 4.5% of cancer diagnoses and deaths. In the developing world, the incidence of HNSCC is growing with increasing consumption of tobacco (smoked or chewed), alcohol, and areca nut (betel quid). Alcohol and tobacco have a synergistic effect, with the heavy cons

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Uma, A. N., and Dhananjay S. Kotasthane. "A Cytogenetic Study on the Efficacy of Chyawanprash Awaleha as an Antioxidant in Oral Premalignant Cancer." Journal of Oral Oncology 2014 (December 1, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/864230.

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Background. Chyawanprash awaleha (Cp) is an Ayurvedic rasayana formulation and is used as a genoprotective agent. Objective. The present cytogenetic study has been done to investigate the efficacy of Cp against betel quid chewers suffering from oral precancerous lesions through satellite association (SA) assay. Materials and Methods. The frequency of SA was analyzed in 21 betel quid chewing oral precancerous lesions patients and then they were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 15 patients, advised to quit betel quid chewing and fed with 20 gms of Cp, twice a day for three months. Gro

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Chen, Paul Chih-Hsueh, Chin-Chen Pan, Chih Kuo, and Chih-Pei Lin. "Risk of Oral Nonmalignant Lesions Associated With Human Papillomavirus Infection, Betel Quid Chewing, and Cigarette Smoking in Taiwan: An Integrated Molecular and Epidemiologic Study." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 130, no. 1 (2006): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2006-130-57-roonla.

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Abstract Context.—In contrast to previous studies about the association of oral squamous cell carcinoma with human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18, the associations between nonmalignant oral lesions (chronic inflammation, submucous fibrosis, leukoplakia, and squamous papilloma) and HPV are much less well understood. Objective.—We conducted this study using an in situ polymerase chain reaction in situ hybridization assay, which is one of the most sensitive methods for in situ viral detection. Other known oral cancer risk factors, including betel quid chewing and cigarette smoking, were also analyzed

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Vyas, Deepika, Bharath Galra, Rishubh Dagli, Prabhu Prakash Gupta, Ashish Vyas, and Divya Parekh. "Characterization of bacteria in betel quiz chewers and non -chewers and their associated oral health status." Journal of Research in Dentistry 4, no. 4 (2017): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/jrd.v4e42016128-132.

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Aim: To evaluate oral health status, periodontal status, gingival status, oral lesions and bacterial characterization among betel quid chewers and non chewers.Material and Methods: The data was collected regarding socio-demographic characteristic, oral hygiene status, gingival status, periodontal status, bacterial characterization among betel quid chewers and non chewers. The microbiological examination was carried out to assess the micro flora. The statical analysis was done by using SPSS version 21(Chicago ,USA). The p value≤ 0.05 was found to be statistically significant.Results: Aerobic as

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Palliyal, S. "Assessment of Betel Quid Habits and Risk of Precancerous Oral Lesions Among Paniya Tribes of Wayanad, India - A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 12s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.16700.

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Background: Betel quid habits in India is widely prevalent and responsible for increased incidence of head and neck cancer in the country. Head and neck cancer is a major public health problem among Paniya tribes, a marginalized tribal group in Kerala state, India. Previous studies among Paniya tribals in Wayanad have documented a high prevalence of betel quid habit. Oral leukoplakia (OL) and oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) are the most common oral mucosal diseases that have a very high malignant transformation rate. Aim: Aim of this study was to evaluate the risks imposed by betel quid habits i

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Azeem Hussain Soomro, Romeysah Adnan, Tooba Iqbal, et al. "The Role of Predictive Biomarkers, Clinical Features, and Chemoprevention Strategies in the Malignant Transformation of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis." Indus Journal of Bioscience Research 3, no. 2 (2025): 639–46. https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i2.746.

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Background: Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) pose a significant risk for progression into Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), a leading cause of oral cancer-related mortality. Early detection and risk assessment are critical for timely intervention. This meta-analysis evaluates predictive biomarkers, clinical features, and chemoprevention strategies influencing the malignant transformation of OPMDs to OSCC. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases following PRISMA guidelines. Studies evaluating biom

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Lubis, Indri, Ameta Primasari, and Sayuti Hasibuan. "ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH BETEL QUID CHEWING HABIT IN SAMOSIR ISLAND, NORTH SUMATRA INDONESIA." Dentika Dental Journal 20, no. 2 (2017): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/dentika.v20i2.997.

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Oral potentially malignant disorders have been associated with a betel quid chewing habit. To date, betel quid chewing has a major social and cultural role in the society of Samosir Island, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of oral potentially malignant disorders associated with the habit of betel quid chewing in the society of Samosir Island, North Sumatra, Indonesia. This case-control study was conducted on all betel quid chewers in the working area of the Ambarita Public Health Centre in Samosir Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. All s

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Johnson, N. "Quantifying the Immense Burden of OPMDS and of Oral Cancer in South Asia: Time for Action." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 125s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.20600.

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Background: Cancer of head and neck is sixth most common malignancy worldwide https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27245686 . ∼90% are squamous cell carcinomas [HNSCC]. Of H&N sites, mouth is most common [∼300,373 cases pa, cf oropharynx ∼142,387; larynx ∼156,877; nasopharynx 86,691]. Across south Asia, cancer of lip & mouth [oral cancer: OSCC] is a serious public health problem. In many, it is the most common cancer among men, 5th/6th in women, second overall. Five year survival rates are < 50%. Treatment is devastating. It is difficult to get authorities and public to recognize the

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Kister, Mateusz P., Katarzyna Borowska, Karolina A. Kister, Agnieszka Wojtowicz, and Barbara Jodlowska-Jedrych. "Risks associated with betel quid chewing." Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences 30, no. 1 (2017): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cipms-2017-0005.

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Abstract Betel quid is one of the most commonly used psychoactive substances in the world, especially among Asian communities, just after caffeine, nicotine and alcohol. The mixture that is chewed usually contains betel leaves, areca nut and slaked lime, nonetheless, its ingredients and the preparation manner tend to vary. Areca nut contains four main alkaloids - arecoline, arecaidyne, guvacine and guvacoline that are responsible for its psychoactive effects. The act of betel chewing might have a negative impact on an overall health and can cause pathological lesions or diseases to develop and

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Diwan, Prerna, Mohit Nirwan, Mayank Bahuguna, Shashi Prabha Kumari, James Wahlang, and Rakesh Kumar Gupta. "Evaluating Alterations of the Oral Microbiome and Its Link to Oral Cancer among Betel Quid Chewers: Prospecting Reversal through Probiotic Intervention." Pathogens 12, no. 8 (2023): 996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12080996.

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Areca nut and slaked lime, with or without tobacco wrapped in Piper betle leaf, prepared as betel quid, is extensively consumed as a masticatory product in many countries across the world. Betel Quid can promote the malignant transformation of oral lesions as well as trigger benign cellular and molecular changes. In the oral cavity, it causes changes at the compositional level in oral microbiota called dysbiosis. This dysbiosis may play an important role in Oral Cancer in betel quid chewers. The abnormal presence and increase of bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Prev

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Win, Haymar Soe, Win Yu Aung, and Ohn Mar. "Serum Cotinine, Serum F2-isoprostane and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Male Tobacco Users." European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 3, no. 1 (2021): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.1.604.

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Data on risk of metabolic syndrome among various forms of tobacco consumption in Myanmar tobacco users are currently limited. The present study aimed to determine and compare nicotine metabolites serum cotinine, oxidative stress marker serum F2-isoprostane in adult male tobacco users, and to find out relationships between these parameters and risk of metabolic syndrome. This cross-sectional study was done in 30 to 45 years old males: 84 cigarette smokers, 84 cheroot smokers and 84 betel quid with tobacco chewers. Metabolic syndrome was defined by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Tr

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Sadat, S. M. A., Md A. Rahman, S. N. Rita, T. Rahman, F. Tauhid, and A. I. Khan. "Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis: A Study in Dhaka Dental College and Hospital." Journal of Medical Science & Research 18, Number 1 (2012): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47648/jmsr.2012.v1801.04.

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An observational study of 29 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma with cervical lymph node metastasis was done among the patients attended in Dhaka Dental College and Hospital from January 2006 to December 2007. Majority of the patients (34.5%) belonged to the age group of 4049 years. 58.6% of the patients were male, while remaining 41.4% were female. 51.7% of the lesions were located in the alveolar ridge where the other common sites were buccal mucosa (27.6%) and retro molar area (13.8%). Half of the study subjects (51.7%) were habituated to betel quid chewing followed by 37.9% and 10.3% we

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Joshi, Arpita, Chinmay Jani, Kushboo Jain, D. V. Bala, Divyesh Jetpariya, and Harshal Jadav. "Association of oral pre-malignant lesions with the consumption of tobacco." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 8 (2019): 3625. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20193123.

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Background: Tobacco consumption in the form of chewing and smoking is one of the biggest addictions. It causes various oral pre-malignant lesions which mainly include oral sub-mucous fibrosis (OSMF) caused by betel nut consumption and tobacco quid lesion, leukoplakia, erythroplakia and smoker's palate caused by chewing and smoking tobacco.Methods: The data about the past and present consumption of tobacco was collected from 909 individuals. Based on the tobacco habits, the oral cavity findings were assessed and the statistical analysis was carried out to find the significance of associations o

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Zain, RB, PC Gupta, S. Warnakulasuriya, P. Shrestha, N. Ikeda, and T. Axell. "Oral lesions associated with betel quid and tobacco chewing habits." Oral Diseases 3, no. 3 (2008): 204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.1997.tb00039.x.

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Sadat, SM Anwar, Sufia Nasrin Rita, Shoma Banik, Md Nazmul Hasan Khandker, Md Mahfuz Hossain, and Md AI Khan. "Role of Clinical Palpation in Evaluation of Cervical Lymph Node in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma." Update Dental College Journal 1, no. 2 (2013): 02–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v1i2.13978.

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A cross sectional study of 29 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma with or without cervical lymph node metastasis was done among Bangladeshi patients from January 2006 to December 2007. Majority of the study subjects (34.5%) belonged to the age group of 40-49 years. 58.6% of the study subjects were male, while remaining 41.4% of them were female. 51.7% of the lesions were located in the alveolar ridge where the other common sites were buccal mucosa (27.6%) and retro molar area (13.8%). Half of the study subjects (51.7%) were habituated to betel quid chewing followed by 37.9% and 10.3% were ha

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Zain, R. B., N. Ikeda, P. C. Gupta, et al. "Oral mucosal lesions associated with betel quid, areca nut and tobacco chewing habits: Consensus from a workshop held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, November 25-27, 1996." January 1, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811259.

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A variety of betel/areca nut/tobacco habits have been reviewed and categorized because of their possible causal association with oral cancer and various oral precancerous lesions and conditions, and on account of their widespread occurrence in different parts of the world. At a recent workshop in Kuala Lumpur it was recommended that 'quid' be defined as 'a substance, or mixture of substances, placed in the mouth or chewed and remaining in contact with the mucosa, usually containing one or both of the two basic ingredients, tobacco and/or areca nut, in raw or any manufactured or processed form.

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Zain, R. B., H. Fukano, N. Ikeda, et al. "Tenascin-C in betel-quid associated lesions." May 1, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811295.

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The expression of Tenascin-C, an adhesion modulating or anti- adhesive extracellular matrix protein, was evaluated in betel quid associated lesions of oral mucosa showing focal hyperkeratosis (n=15), dysplasia (n=15), oral submucous fibrosis (n=7) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (n=8). All the patients were chewers of betel quid containing betel leaves, areca nuts, lime and tobacco. The results obtained from this study were compared to similar lesions in smokers and non-quid users cited in the literature (Shrestha et al, Oral Oncol, 1994). An enhanced expression of TN-C was observed in epithe

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Ghani, W. M. N., I. A. Razak, Y. H. Yang, et al. "Factors affecting commencement and cessation of betel quid chewing behaviour in Malaysian adults." January 1, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811219.

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Background. Betel quid chewing is a common habit widely practiced in Southern Asian populations. However, variations are seen in the content of a betel quid across the different countries. Factors associated with commencement and cessation of this habit has been numerously studied. Unfortunately, data on Malaysian population is non-existent. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the inception and also cessation of betel quid chewing behaviour among Malaysian adults. Method. This study is part of a nationwide survey on oral mucosal lesions carried out among 11,697 adults in a

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Rahman, Z. A. A., R. B. Zain, Z. Abang, et al. "Oral mucosal lesions in Indigenous people of Sarawak and their related habits." January 1, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811261.

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The Malaysian nationwide survey on oral mucosal lesions (OML) in 1993/94 showed a low prevalence of OML in particular oral cancer and precancer (OPC) among the Malays as compared to the Indians and the Indigenous people of Sabah and Sarawak. A low prevalence of quid chewing habit was also noted in the Malays in that survey. The present study was conducted to investigate whether the low prevalence of OPC in the Malays was attributed to the low prevalence of quid users among the Malays and/or whether the quid contents used were different. Two examiners were trained prior to the survey. The inter

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Raman, R. A., Z. A. A. Rahman, R. B. Zain, et al. "Oral mucosal lesions in Malay quid and non-quid chewers in Kelantan." June 19, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811263.

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The Malaysian nationwide survey on oral mucosal lesions (OML) in 1993/94 showed a low prevalence of OML in particular oral cancer and precancer (OPC) among Malays as compared to the Indians and the Indigenous people of Sabah and Sarawak. A low prevalence of quid chewing habit was also noted in the Malays in that survey. The present study was conducted to investigate whether the low prevalence of OPC in the Malays was attributed to the low prevalence of quid users among the Malays and/or whether the quid contents used were different. Two examiners were trained prior to the survey. The interexam

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Zain, R. B., P. Siwamogstham, T. Axell, J. Thampipit, and D. Tantiniran. "Prevalence of oral soft-tissue lesions in out-patients at 2 Malaysian and Thai dental schools." Blackwell Publishing, April 1, 1990. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811281.

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At the Faculties of Dentistry in Chiang Mai, Thailand (CM), and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (KL), 234 and 233 consecutive out-patients of mean ages 33.8 and 31.0 yr, respectively, were examined for the presence of oral mucosal lesions. Tobacco in some form was regularly used by 31.7% and 27.5% of the study populations in CM and KL, respectively. Cigarette smoking was the predominant habit. In CM three persons chewed betel quids and nine smoked banana leaf cigars daily. In addition, there were 24 habitual chewers of tea leaves (miang). In KL six persons chewed betel quids daily. In CM and KL three c

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Adhikari, Aniket. "Micronuclei (MN), an Important Cancer Biomarker." Edelweiss: Cancer Open Access, November 25, 2019, 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33805/2689-6737.109.

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Micronuclei (MN) formation has been observed (cancer and pre-cancerous lesions) of the oral cavity among betel quid chewers. Micronuclei act as a cancer biomarker which is related with smokeless tobacco associated genetic mutations. Micronuclei are a sensitive indicator of genetic damage. These are small, extra nuclear bodies that are formed during mitosis from lagging chromosomes. The test is used as a tool for genotoxicity and easily detectable without affecting the cancer patients. The present review focuses on the various types of cancer of the human body with micronuclei study.

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Kipli, N.P., S.K.S. Kumar, R. B. Zain, C.Y. Fan, and P.K. Boon. "Expression of p53, pRb, Ki-67 and bcl-2 in betel quid induced oral mucosal lesions." Elsevier, April 1, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811217.

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Introduction: The variability of clinical outcomes in oral cancer patients and the heterogeneity of the disease are the main challenges for the improvement of current treatment modalities. Efforts in our laboratory have focused on the molecular profiling of oral cancer to understand the mechanisms underlying the disease. In a previous microarray study, we found Guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha-12 (GNA12) to be up-regulated in oral cancer. Materials and methods: In this study, we validated the expression of GNA12 at the mRNA level in 47 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and 18 non-mal

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Ali, T. B. Taiyeb, I. A. Razak, R. J. Raja Latifah, and R. B. Zain. "An epidemiological survey of oral mucosal lesions among elderly Malaysians." Blackwell Publishing, July 1, 1995. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811181.

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A house to house random survey on elderly subjects was undertaken in the District of Klang in Malaysia. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OML) among the elderly in this area. The primary units in the sampling frame were the Enumeration Blocks (EBs) as defined under the population census. All households of the selected EBs were considered as sampling units and members aged 60 and above were considered as respondents. There was a slight preponderance of females, with the Malays comprising the majority of the subjects. Of the 486 respondents, m

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Zain, R. B., S. P. Khoo, and J. F. Yeo. "Oral pyogenic granuloma (excluding pregnancy tumour)--a clinical analysis of 304 cases." January 1, 1995. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811265.

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A clinical analysis of 304 cases of pyogenic granuloma (excluding pregnancy tumour) were obtained from the clinical evaluations submitted by clinicians while sending specimens for biopsy. The average age of the patients with pyogenic granuloma was 28.9 years with a peak age incidence in the second decade. More female patients were affected and the lesions present mainly in the Chinese. The majority of the lesions were ulcerated and pedunculated. The lesions had a mean diameter of 10.8 mm with a mean lesion duration of 6.0 months. The gingiva was the prevalent site for these lesions with a grea

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Zain, R. B., and L. S. Koh. "The occurrence of oral-mucosal lesions among employees of a steelmill--a preliminary study." January 1, 1988. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811301.

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A study has been conducted on 198 employees of a steel-mill industry. These participants were examined for mucosal lesions in the oral cavity and including the commissures and vermillion borders of the lips. The prevalences of 16 types of lesions are reported. This record was migrated from the OpenDepot repository service in June, 2017 before shutting down.

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Zaini, Z. M., L. P. Karen-Ng, S. C. Cheong, et al. "Genetic polymorphisms and risk of oral cancer." Blackwell Publishing, January 1, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811225.

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Objectives: This study was done to investigate the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) within genes of phase I (CYP1A1) and phase II (GSTM1, GSTT1,GSTP1) of the xenobiotic metabolism and its association with oral cancer risk.Methods: An unmatched case-control study was conducted using 207 newly diagnosed oral cancer patients and 117 non-cancer subjects selected from the OCRCC database. Peripheral blood was obtained from consented individuals and the CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction enzyme digestion (RFLP).

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Zaidi, Syed Aqib Ali, Nadia Chughtai, Zubair Ahmed Abbassi, et al. "TUSC3, p53 and p21 genetic association with development of oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma among addictive tobacco chewers of Pakistan." BMC Oral Health 24, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-04501-5.

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Abstract Background This study delves into the intricate landscape of oral cancer, a global concern with a high incidence in Asian countries. We focus on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), primarily driven by the consumption of betel nut and its derivatives. OSCC often arises from premalignant lesions like oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). In Pakistan, OSCC is prevalent among men due to various addictive substances, including smokeless tobacco and chewing materials. Mutations in tumor suppressor genes, such as TP53 and p21, play crucial roles in this malignancy’s development. We also explore th

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Chen, M. Y., J. W. Chen, L. W. Wu, et al. "Carcinogenesis of Male Oral Submucous Fibrosis Alters Salivary Microbiomes." Journal of Dental Research, October 22, 2020, 002203452096875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034520968750.

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Most oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tumors arise from oral premalignant lesions. Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), usually occurring in male chewers of betel quid, is a premalignant stromal disease characterized by a high malignant transformation rate and high prevalence. Although a relationship between the inhabited microbiome and carcinogenesis has been proposed, no detailed information regarding the oral microbiome of patients with OSF exists; the changes of the salivary microbiome during cancer formation remain unclear. This study compared the salivary microbiomes of male patients with O

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Abdullah, Al Monajam. "ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: A OVERALL RETROSPECT." February 18, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3723076.

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Aim: The aim of this article is to review the epidemiology, clinical features, and prognosis of oral scc. Purpose: The intent of the present review was to present the histo?logical and molecular characteristics of the common type of oral cancer encountered by oral surgeons. Squamous cell carcinoma reports for 80% of all oral cancers. It might affect any anatomical site in the mouth, but most commonly the tongue and the floor of the mouth. It usually originate from a preexisting potentially malignant lesion, and occasionally de novo but in either case from within a field of precancerized epithe

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Zain, R. B., and I. A. Razak. "ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CIGARETTE-SMOKING AND PREVALENCE OF ORAL MUCOSAL LESIONS AMONG MALAYSIAN ARMY PERSONNEL." Blackwell Publishing, January 1, 1989. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811165.

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The association between cigarette smoking and the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was examined in 495 Malaysian army personnel. No associations between cigarette smoking and recurrent aphthous ulcerations, pre-leukoplakia and frictional keratosis could be obtained in this study. Positive associations were found between cigarette smoking and leukoedema as well as denture stomatitis. There was a negative association between cigarette smoking and the presence of coated tongue. This record was migrated from the OpenDepot repository service in June, 2017 before shutting down.

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Su, Shih-Chi, Lun-Ching Chang, Hsien-Da Huang, et al. "Oral microbial dysbiosis and its performance in predicting oral cancer." Carcinogenesis, July 4, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgaa062.

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Abstract Dysbiosis of oral microbiome may dictate the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Yet, the composition of oral microbiome fluctuates by saliva and distinct sites of oral cavity and is affected by risky behaviors (smoking, drinking and betel quid chewing) and individuals’ oral health condition. To characterize the disturbances in the oral microbial population mainly due to oral tumorigenicity, we profiled the bacteria within the surface of OSCC lesion and its contralateral normal tissue from discovery (n = 74) and validation (n = 42) cohorts of male patients with cancers

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Karen-Ng, L. P., J. Marhazlinda, Z. A. A. Rahman, M. T. Abraham, S. C. Cheong, and R. B. Zain. "Combined effects of isothiocyanates (ITCs) intake, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) polymorphism and risk habits on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) associated with earlier age of disease onset." Elsevier, July 1, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811191.

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Introduction: ITCs found in cruciferous vegetables has been reported to reduce cancer risk by inducing phase II conjugating enzymes, in particular GSTs. Interestingly, these enzymes also metabolize ITCs therefore; the protective effects of ITCs would depend on the activity of GSTs. This study aimed to determine association between dietary ITCs, GSTs polymorphisms and risk habits (cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and betel-quid chewing) with oral cancer.Method: Included in this study were 115 OSCC patients and 116 healthy subjects. Information on ITC intake from cruciferous vegetables was co

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Zain, R. B., R. J. R. Latifah, I. A. Razak, et al. "Oral cancer and precancer research in Malaysia - the database and tissue resource bank." Elsevier, January 1, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811239.

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Introduction: Uncoordinated data collection by different research groups prompted the initiation of Malaysian oral cancer Research Initiative (MOCRI) group. Objectives: To coordinate and standardize data and tissue collection and storage, develop a minimum dataset on risk factors, intervention techniques and quality of life of oral cancer patients. Materials and Methods: A computer software programme is currently being developed to accommodate multi-centre data collection and research activities in eight hospitals. The complete dataset includes parameters on sociodemographic, clinical, patholo

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Karen-Ng, L. P., W. M. N. Ghani, A. Vimmitra, et al. "Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) polymorphisms in relation to oral cancer risk among Malaysians." Elsevier, June 19, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811177.

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Introduction: ALDH2 is an enzyme involved in major oxidative pathway of alcohol metabolism while GSTM1 is a drug-metabolizing enzyme of acetaldehyde. It has been reported that the mutant ALDH2 allele and the absence of GSTM1 contributes to increased oral cancer risk due to reduced acetaldehyde metabolism. This study aims to determine ALDH2 and GSTM1 polymorphisms and its association with oral cancer risk. Method: An unmatched case-control study was conducted using 163 oral cancer patients and 87 non-cancer subjects selected from the OCRCC database. ALDH2 and GSTM1 genotypes were determined usi

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Kipli, N. P., C. S. Cheong, R. B. Zain, et al. "Immunoexpression of pRb and EGFR using tissue microarray (TMA) technique - a preliminary study." Blackwell Publishing, August 1, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811227.

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Purpose: To assess the expression of pRb and EGFR in oral epithelial lesions using TMA technique. Methods: Paraffin embedded specimens were selected from the archives of the Diagnostic Laboratories at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Selected epithelial areas were cored and developed into tissue microarray blocks. A total of 32 samples for pRb and 50 samples for EGFR were analysed using immunohistochemical techniques. Results: Abnormal pRb staining (1+ or less) was seen in 80% (8/10) OSCC, 38.5% (5/13) dysplastic and 22.2% (2/9) normal/hyperpla

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Zain, R. B., and L. S. Ti. "Clinicopathologic presentations of 18 cases of traumatic granulomas." AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH, January 1, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811187.

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A retrospective study of 11 cases of traumatic granulomas was done. The objective of this study is to present the clinicopathological features of traumatic granulomas in some malaysian patients and to compare this data with data from other reported studies, which have been predominantly from Caucasian population. Biopsy records from 1985 to 1998 of 18 cases of traumatic granulomas were obtained. There were 13 male and 5 female patients. The granulomas occured in 38.9 Malay, 38.9 Chinese, 11.1 Indian and 11.1 other ethnic groups. The age of these patients range from 8 to 86 years, with mean of

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Zain, R. B., L. P. Karen-Ng, S. C. Cheong, et al. "Effects of smoking on oral cancer transcriptome." Elsevier, July 1, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811209.

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Introduction: Oral cancer is a debilitating disease and the survival rates for these patients have not improved over the past decades. Tobacco smoking is one of the most common risk factor associated with oral cancer. Objectives: To explore and identify differential genes expression associated with tobacco smoking. Methodology: Next generation sequencing using the Illumina Genome Analyzer was done to sequence five fresh frozen oral cancer tissue samples from smoking patients, two of which were former smoker and an additional 8 samples consisting of normal oral mucosal tissues from the alveolar

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Khor, G. H., R. B. Zain, M.I. Abu Hassan, R. Ahmed, Hbsg Khan, and L.T. Younis. "A simple mouthwash method for genomic DNA isolation in molecular studies." Elsevier, July 1, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811169.

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Background: Application of PCR techniques requiring only minute amounts of Genomic DNA. Thus, a less invasive, simpler to perform, and cheaper method to obtain DNA from exfoliated cells is desirable. We aim to develop a method that can obtain high quality of genomic DNA from one sample that allows for numerous application of PCR analysis. Objective: This study describes a simple, inexpensive and non invasive protocol to isolate a high quality of genomic DNA from exfoliated cells by using swish method. Methodology: Twenty two subjects vigorously swished 10 ml of normal saline in their mouth for

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Schleyer, T., U. Mattsson, R. N. Riordain, et al. "Advancing oral medicine through informatics and information technology: a proposed framework and strategy." Blackwell Publishing, January 1, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.811173.

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The implementation of information technology in healthcare is a significant focus for many nations around the world. However, information technology support for clinical care, research and education in oral medicine is currently poorly developed. This situation hampers our ability to transform oral medicine into a 'learning healthcare discipline' in which the divide between clinical practice and research is diminished and, ultimately, eliminated. This paper reviews the needs of and requirements for information technology support of oral medicine and proposes an agenda designed to meet those ne

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