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Academic literature on the topic 'Béton – Microscopie'
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Journal articles on the topic "Béton – Microscopie"
Guédon, Jeanne-Sylvine, and Jean-Louis Durville. "L’analyse pétrographique : un outil de la géologie de l’ingénieur." Revue Française de Géotechnique, no. 164 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/geotech/2020020.
Full textBoisvert, Jean, Jacques Marchand, Michel Pigeon, and Henri L. Isabelle. "Durabilité au gel-dégel et résistance à l'écaillage des pavés de béton." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 19, no. 6 (1992): 1017–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l92-121.
Full textBérubé, Marc-André, and Benoit Fournier. "Le barrage Sartigan dans la Beauce (Québec), Canada : un cas-type de détérioration du béton par des réactions alcalis–granulats." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 14, no. 3 (1987): 372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l87-057.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Béton – Microscopie"
Youssef, namnoum Carol. "Etude de l'influence des additions minérales sur l'auto-cicatrisation des matériaux cimentaires : caractérisation expérimentale et modélisation des propriétés visco-élastiques." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021ECDN0020.
Full textThe mechanical and environmental loads undergone by concrete can lead to cracking threatening the durability of infrastructure. Self-healing, defined as the ability of a structure to repair itself without human intervention, is increasingly emerging as a promising solution to increase the durability of structures. In this work, the focus was primarily on the physico-chemical process of autogenous self-healing for mixtures composed of cement and mineral additions increasingly used with the objective of reducing the carbon footprint of concrete. The healing potential has been evaluated on different compositions to analyze their mechanical behavior by three-point bending tests. In parallel, the chemical nature of the products formed within the artificially created cracks are monitored by various microscopic analysis and imaging techniques (SEM, XRD, TGA). The detailed interpretation of the results allowed clear conclusions to be drawn on the self-healing capacity of the materials and on the mineralogy of the healing products depending on the initial composition. Secondly, the visco-elastic behavior of healed or healing mortars have been investigated. To our knowledge, this is pioneering work in this field whose objective is to provide additional elements on the interaction between the continuity of hydration of the healing material and the presence of mechanical load. The experimental approach consisted both in monitoring the flexural creep of healed materials as well as their residual mechanical behavior after unloading. By combining the two results, we concluded that the evolutionary aspect of the mechanical properties with the continuity of hydration of cement during healing leads to a relationship between mechanical regains and the rate of creep deformation. Then, a microscopic scale modeling has been established to identify and evaluate the physical mechanisms of the creep-healing coupling. In the proposed approach, the evolution of mechanical regains by self-healing of virtual cement pastes has been simulated and confirmed the experimental hypotheses of the influence of mechanical regains on the creep displacement of healed materials
Kahouadji, Amira. "Analyse et modélisation du retrait des bétons de sable fluides." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0060.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis, compares the behavior of the fluid concrete to the ordinary one with the exactly the same strength of the free strain of concrete. The bibliographical study, presented in this work, had permitted to analyze the tree principal models used to describe the shrinkage The monitoring of the drying process of microscope and the analysis of their porometry, of the mono modal type, were thus shown. The drying shrinkage of sand concrete has a kinetic which does not greatly differ from of ordinary concrete, however the sand concrete amplitude is almost twice that ordinary concrete. The autogenously shrinkage of the two concrete are almost identical. We have study simu1tanemet the shrinkage at different conditions (T= 2 0° and 30°C) and humidity (HR=50, 60, 70, 9(0 %) and their lost of height. Another important result found is that the desiccation of the sand concrete occurs without major cracking. This is explaining by the velocity and essentially by the uniformity
Vallée, Daniel. "Mechanical and chemical characterization of the heterogeneous microstructure of green concrete with mineral additions." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30191/30191.pdf.
Full textOne of the main interests of the cement and concrete industries is to better understand the mechanical properties of green concrete systems. This report provides a nano-investigation approach with a one-to-one coupling of the mechanical and chemical responses of ordinary cement pastes and a cement paste with an addition of blast furnace slag. This is achieved by using the technique of nanoindentation and a quantitative investigation of the chemistry by using the scanning electron microscopy coupled with the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The mechanical analysis includes the measurement of a relaxation coe_cient, an extension of the already known theory of the nanoindentation technique. The results are implemented with a deterministic analysis of the chemistry, a method allowing the determination of the nature of an indented area from the atomic ratios measured by using the SEM-EDS on this spot, and which can be directly linked to the mechanical responses measured by the nanoindentation tests. A statistical analysis based on the maximum likelihood estimation is also performed in order to identify the mechanical responses of the di_erent chemical phases present. It is found that the most of the microvolumes probed by the mechanical and chemical investigation are heterogeneous composites with intermixing. We could also determine the mechanical properties of monosulfoalumite and hydrotalcite combined with C_S_H, important hydration products of cements with slag additions.
Hamoudi, Amine. "Réaction alcali-silice dans le béton : étude de la dégradation structurale comparée de composés SiO2 (silice amorphe, quartz, silex)." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10113/document.
Full textThe relationships between the structure and the physical and chemical properties are very important in materials. In particular, the degree of order, the crystal defects and the structural heterogeneities or chemical parameters appear to play a key role in the reactivity of materials. This work is devoted to the study of the reactivity of silica-based materials, and shows of the influence of ordering and crystallinity on the sensitivity to the alkali silica reaction. In this perspective, the reactivity of three different materials: silica glass, aggregates (Flint) and quartz was followed by various techniques. Quartz reacts very slowly whereas the silica glass reacts very quickly, the aggregate exhibiting an intermediate behavior. A closer analysis shows that the amorphous or poorly crystalline fraction of the aggregate reacts preferentially. The role played by these poorly crystalline fractions suggests the use of techniques sensitive to short and medium range order such as: X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES and EXAFS) and solid state NMR. Chemical maps obtained by electron microscopy (scanning or in transmission) or at the synchrotron, show that the potassium K+ is the first to diffuse and that penetration of calcium Ca++ is more sluggish in crystalline silica. Locally, silicon NMR analysis shows that depolymerization of the crystalline lattice allows further penetration of calcium. The micro-XANES reveals the presence of several environments around silicon atoms. One exhibits four oxygen first neighbours and the other has less than four oxygen atoms around the silicon. On the other hand, the EXAFS shows the absence of Ca or K in the second layer of neighbouring silicon atom absorber. These results help to advance the understanding of reaction mechanisms occurring in the aggregate altered by the reaction
Barbieri-Albert, Blandine. "Altération de matrices cimentaires par des eaux de pluie et des eaux sulfatées. Approche expérimentale et thermodynamique." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00813221.
Full textNozahic, Vincent. "Vers une nouvelle démarche de conception des bétons de végétaux lignocellulosiques basée sur la compréhension et l'amélioration de l'interface liant / végétal : application à des granulats de chenevotte et de tige de tournesol associés à un liant ponce / chaux." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00809816.
Full textFares, Hanaa. "Propriétés mécaniques et physico-chimiques des bétons autoplaçants exposés à une température élevée." Cergy-Pontoise, 2009. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/09CERG0425.pdf.
Full textThe use of Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) has considerably developed during the last years and a growing attention has been brought to the study of its mechanical properties at hardened state. The mixture proportions of SCC (large paste volume, high content of mineral admixtures, coarse to fine aggregates ratio close to 1,. . . ) in relation with its placing conditions could modify its mechanical behaviour, comparatively to traditional vibrated concrete. The behaviour of SCC subjected to high temperature has in particular to be evaluated. The materials tested are 3 concretes which 2 SCC and a TC (Traditional concrete). The characteristic of SCC is the important volume. Mechanical tests (Compressive strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity) were realized. Alongside that, the water porosity, apparent density, loss of mass as well as gas permeability allowed having additional parameters to characterize the behaviour. But, microscopic observations coupled with images analyses and thermal analyses help to have a vision more physical and chemical of the behaviour. The experimental results show significant behaviours between the SCC and TC. The compressive strength allowed distinguishing an increase in compressive strength between 150 and 300°C. This increase is explained by a rehydration of the cement paste due to water migration through the pores for the SCC, and also by the creation of stronger hydrates. The rehydration concerned the anhydrous elements of the cement paste. Alongside this study, a work in collaboration with the University of Alabama concerning the behaviour at high temperature of lightweight self-compacting concrete (LW-SCC). This study allowed characterizing the mechanical properties and the physico-chemical properties of lightweight self-compacting concrete (made in University of Alabama (USA). For that, prismatic and cylindrical specimens underwent two different thermal treatments : a fire ISO-834 and a slow heating to 1°C/min. Through this study, the LW-SCC presented a better thermal stability to a fire ISO-834. About physico-chemical properties, we noted a behaviour similarity between LW-SCC and SCC in water porosity, density, thermal analyses. Nevertheless, a decrease in porosity is observed at 400°C. It can be attributed to a shrinkage due to a decrease in volume. About mechanical properties, LW-SCC present a better residual compressive and residual flexural strength than SCC. Therefore, lightweight aggregates improves the residual mechanical behaviour
Croston, Tania. "Etude expérimentale du comportement d'une poutre en béton armé en flexion trois points réparée par matériaux composites (approche probabiliste)." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002602.
Full textLarive, Catherine. "Apports combinés de l'expérimentation et de la modélisation à la compréhension de l'alcali-réaction et de ses effets mécaniques." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00520676.
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