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Hua, Xia. "Hypoid and Spiral Bevel Gear Dynamics with Emphasis on Gear-Shaft-Bearing Structural Analysis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1289944847.
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Peng, Tao. "Coupled Multi-body Dynamic and Vibration Analysis of Hypoid and Bevel Geared Rotor System." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1282931782.
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Hotait, Mohammad Adel. "A Theoretical and Experimental Investigation on Bending Strength and Fatigue Life of Spiral Bevel and Hypoid Gears." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1296853688.
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Klein, Alexander. "Spiral bevel and hypoid gear tooth cutting with coated carbide tools /." Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015866212&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Wang, Yawen. "Vibration and Sound Radiation Analysis of Vehicle Powertrain Systems with Right-Angle Geared Drive." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1491318542819425.
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Klein, Alexander [Verfasser]. "Spiral Bevel and Hypoid Gear Tooth Cutting with Coated Carbide Tools / Alexander Klein." Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1166510123/34.
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Wang, Jun. "Nonlinear Time-varying Gear Mesh and Dynamic Analysis of Hypoid and Bevel Geared Rotor Systems." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1186604249.
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Al-fozan, Adel. "3-D simulation and optimization of forging of a complex bevel gear using the finite element method." Ohio : Ohio University, 1998. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1177006776.
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Rampilla, Lokamanya Siva Manohar. "A FINITE ELEMENT APPROACH TO STRESS ANALYSIS OF FACE GEARS." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1337095318.
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Bianchi, Kleber Eduardo. "Desenvolvimento de um sistema de transmissão mecânica baseado em engrenagens cônicas e faciais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/17877.
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O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o intuito de propor um sistema de transmissão mecânica baseado em engrenagens cônicas e faciais, de razões de velocidades escalonadas, para uso industrial e no setor da mobilidade. Em virtude do grande desenvolvimento das transmissões compostas por engrenagens faciais nos últimos anos, implementado por centros de pesquisa da área e por indústrias do setor aeronáutico, um dos objetivos deste trabalho foi estender o campo de aplicação dessas engrenagens para outros campos da engenharia. Inicialmente, mostra-se um estudo dos principais tipos de transmissões mecânicas presentes na indústria e, principalmente, no setor da mobilidade; área em que, usualmente, encontram-se os requisitos mais elevados de operação. Além disso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica abordando tópicos importantes relacionados às engrenagens em geral e, mais especificamente, às transmissões cônicas e faciais. Esta revisão serviu de base para a implementação dos algoritmos para modelagem das engrenagens do sistema proposto. Para validar o conceito, um protótipo foi construído e testado, tendo como principal objetivo a comprovação da viabilidade e eficácia do sistema proposto, tanto na transmissão do movimento como na alteração da razão de velocidades. Realizados os testes, observou-se que, efetivamente, o sistema atendeu aos atributos funcionais especificados. Para a construção desse protótipo, as engrenagens envolvidas passaram por um processo de modelagem matemática, seguida pela modelagem sólida em software de CAD e pela fabricação em centro de usinagem. Para complementar o estudo, foi implementada uma rotina baseada nas normas AGMA, com foco na determinação das dimensões do pinhão, componente mais crítico do sistema. Desta forma, este trabalho permitiu avaliar os aspectos funcionais e elaborar um procedimento de projeto das engrenagens que compõem a transmissão proposta, concluindo que esta apresenta características herdadas das engrenagens faciais - facilidade de fabricação com custos competitivos - bem como características que a tornam adequada para operação automática em aplicações com alta taxa de flutuação da carga de trabalho, quais sejam: pequena variação da relação de transmissão e simplicidade do mecanismo de alteração da relação de velocidades.This work was developed with the aim of propose a multi-speed mechanical gear drive based on face and bevel gears, for industrial and mobility field applications. Because of the recent great development of face gears, implemented by gear research centers and by aeronautical industry, one of the present work objectives was the extension of the application of these gears to other areas. The text begins with a brief review of the most used mechanical transmissions in the industry and, mainly, in the mobility field, where usually are found the higher loading and operation requirements. Also, important topics related to all gear transmissions and, more specifically, to bevel and face gears are presented. This review gave support for the algorithms implemented for the gears modeling. In sequence, for concept validation, a prototype was constructed and tested. The main objective of this prototype was proving that the original concept was viable and effective to transmit motion and change the ratio of velocities. After the tests, it was observed that, effectively, the system attended to specified functional attributes. For prototype construction, the related gears have been mathematically modeled, which was followed by the solid modeling in a CAD software and, finally, by the manufacturing process in a CNC milling machine. To extend the knowledge about the proposed transmission, an algorithm based on AGMA standards was implemented to assist in the analysis process related to the pinions, which are the most critical components of the system. As a result, this work allowed to validate the functional aspects and to elaborate a gear design procedure for the proposed system. Such system presents features inherited from face gears - constructive and manufacturing simplicity, meaning competitive costs -as well as features that make it adequate for automatic operation in high working load floating rates, which are: small ratio of velocities variation and mechanical simplicity of gears changing mechanism.
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Österlind, Tomas. "An Analysis of Machining System Capability and Its Link with Machined Component Quality." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Maskin- och processteknologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122144.
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Machining components out of tolerances is of no use in competitiveproduction. The machining system sets the limitations of dimensionalaccuracy and surface quality of a machined component. The capabilityof the machining system describes these limits in terms of specifiedvalues. This thesis deals with machining system capability analysismainly focused on machine tool static and dynamic stiffness.The influence of stiffness and flexibility on machining systemcapability is analytically and experimentally investigated. Theexperimental work presented in the thesis complies with the theoriesand shows the relation between machine tool capability and theoutcome on the machine component.The concept of capability analysis by elastic linked system andthe currently available tools for such an evaluation is presented anddiscussed. The basis of elastic linked system analysis is the use ofmeasurements under loaded condition. The machine tool is loadedwith a known force creating a test condition closer to real machining,compared to current methods of unloaded machine tools. Twomeasurement tools for elastic linked system capability analysis areexplained in the thesis: Loaded Double Ball Bar and ContactlessExcitation and Response System.The thesis consists of an analytical base and an experimental casestudy on spiral bevel gear face milling. The experiments are discussedand compiled with the given theories.QC 20130513
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Marambedu, Karthikeyan Ramesh. "DEVELOPMENT OF A PROCEDURE FOR THE ANALYSIS OF LOAD DISTRIBUTION, STRESSES AND TRANSMISSION ERROR OF STRAIGHT BEVEL GEARS." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1261587529.
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Santos, Maurício dos. "Desenvolvimento de uma engrenagem cônica sinterizada : substituição e tecnologia." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/169341.
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Este trabalho propõe substituir o processo de usinagem que é empregado atualmente na fabricação de uma engrenagem cônica fabricada com material ABNT 8620, pelo processo de metalurgia do pó, gerando uma peça com economia de matéria prima, aumento de valor agregado e diminuição nos custos de produção. Esta peça tem como aplicação em um dispositivo utilizado na agroindústria destinado ao plantio, onde a engrenagem sofre esforços leves não necessitando ser tratada termicamente. A análise realizada neste trabalho tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um ferramental específico para a produção de uma engrenagem cônica sinterizada utilizando uma liga comercial da empresa Höganäs do Brasil denominada Distaloy AB, de composição Fe- Mo-Ni-Cu. As peças foram produzidas pelo processo de sinterização e analisadas em etapas diferentes do processo como: compactação, sinterização e calibragem. Na avaliação compara-se o diâmetro interno da engrenagem compactada, sinterizada e calibrada. Realizou-se um estudo dos valores de mercado entre os processos de usinagem e MP para um lote de produção de duas mil peças. As peças foram compactadas a 600MPa e sinterizadas a 1120oC, durante o tempo de 40min. Os resultados alcançados mostram a viabilidade de substituição do processo de usinagem pelo processo de metalurgia do pó para obtenção da peça de estudo, onde a economia de material e as propriedades mecânicas necessárias foram atingidas pelo componente sinterizado.This work proposes to replace the machining process that is currently employed in the manufacture of a conical gear manufactured with ABNT 8620 material, by the process of powder metallurgy, generating a part with economy of raw material, increase of value added and decrease in production costs. This part is applied in a device used in the agroindustry destined to the planting, where the gear undergoes slight efforts not needing to be treated thermally. The analysis carried out in this work has the objective of developing a specific tooling for the production of a sintered conical gear using a commercial alloy of the company Höganäs do Brasil denominated Distaloy AB, with Fe-Mo-Ni-Cu composition. The pieces were produced by the sintering process and analyzed in different stages of the process as: compression, sintering and calibration. In the evaluation the internal diameter of the compacted, sintered and calibrated gear is compared. A study of the market values between the machining processes and MP for a production lot of two thousand pieces was carried out. The pieces were compacted at 600MPa and sintered at 1120oC for 40min. The results show the feasibility of replacing the machining process by the powder metallurgy process to obtain the study piece, where the material savings and the necessary mechanical properties were reached by the sintered component.
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Wang, Jing. "Contribution à l’analyse du comportement dynamique d’engrenages spiro-coniques." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0056/document.
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Les engrenages spiro-coniques sont utilisés dans les transmissions de puissance nécessitant un renvoi d’angle, par exemple dans le domaine aéronautique ou automobile. Ces engrenages admettent des puissances et des vitesses importantes. La fabrication des engrenages spiro-conique est complexe. De nombreuses études ont été réalisées sur son optimisation pour définir les profils des dents en contacts. Des travaux existent également pour le dimensionnement statique des dentures. L’aspect dynamique est l’objectif du travail de cette thèse. Des approches théoriques et numériques, pour simuler les vibrations d’engrènement dans des couples spiro-coniques, sont présentées et discutées. Plusieurs modèles ont été développés : torsionnel et tridimensionnel, incluant la prise en compte de défauts de position et d’alignement. Un modèle original (tridimensionnel local), est proposé. Il repose sur des analyses quasi-statiques préalables. Il permet de suivre les évolutions des conditions de contact instantanées sur les flancs de denture. Une approche alternative est également présentée, qui conduit à construire des termes d’excitation globaux en termes d’erreurs de transmission et de raideurs d’engrènement, permettant ainsi de s’affranchir d’algorithmes de contact au cours de la résolution dynamique. Des comparaisons ont été menées avec des résultats quasi-statiques et dynamiques issus de la littératureSpiral bevel gears are employed in power transmissions which require motion transfer between crossed axes in aerospace and automotive applications for instance. Such gears can transmit large powers and high speeds. The manufacturing of spiral bevel gears is complex. A number of studies have been conducted in order to optimise the mating tooth flank geometry and the static load distribution on the teeth. The main objective of this work is to tackle the dynamic behaviour of spiral bevel gears. Several theoretical and numerical approaches aimed at simulating mesh vibrations are presented and commented upon. Several models have been developed which comprise torsional and three-dimensional models including the influence of position errors and misalignments. An original three-dimensional local model is set up which is based on prior quasi-static analyses and makes it possible to follow the instant contact conditions on the tooth flanks. An alternative formulation is also introduced which relies on global forcing terms derived from transmission errors together with mesh stiffness and does not necessitate the use of a contact algorithm when integrating the equations of motion. A number of comparisons with quasi-static and dynamic results from the literature are presented which illustrate the interest of the proposed methodology
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Fang, Brian. "CAE Methods on Vibration-based Health Monitoring of Power Transmission Systems." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1143.
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This thesis focuses on different methods to analyze power transmission systems with computer software to aid in detection of faulty or damaged systems. It is split into three sections. The first section involves utilizing finite element software to analyze gear stiffness and stresses. A quasi-static and dynamic analysis are done on two sets of fixed axis spur gears and a planetary gear system using ABAQUS to analyze the stress, strain and gear mesh stiffness variation. In the second section, the vibrational patterns produced by a simple bevel gear system are investigated by an experiment and by dynamic modeling in ADAMS. Using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the dynamic contact forces, a comprehensive frequency-domain analysis will reveal unique vibration spectra at distinct frequencies around the gear mesh frequencies, their super- and sub- harmonics, and their side-band modulations. ADAMS simulation results are then compared with the experimental results. Constraints, bearing resistant torques, and other key parameters are applied as closely as possible to real operating conditions. The third section looks closely at the dynamic contact forces of a practical two-stage planetary gear. Using the same FFT approach in the second section, a frequency-domain analysis will reveal distinct frequencies around both the first-stage and the second-stage gear mesh frequencies, and their harmonics. In addition, joint time-frequency analysis (JTFA) will be applied to damaged and undamaged planetary gear systems with transient start-up conditions to observe how the frequency contents of the contact force evolve over time.
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Astoul, Julien. "Méthodes et outil pour la conception optimale d'une denture spiroconique." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAT0036.
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Le rendement d’un hélicoptère est étroitement lié à son poids. L’allègement des composants profite à la charge utile transportable. Il implique généralement une diminution de leur rigidité, donc une augmentation de leur déformation. Les boites de transmission par engrenages sont particulièrement concernées. Elles doivent assurer la transmission de puissances importantes à masse minimale. Les axes des roues dentées se désalignent alors progressivement au fur et à mesure de l’application du chargement. Les topographies des dentures spiroconiques sont corrigées pour tolérer ce déplacement et optimiser les performances du mécanisme. La portée d’engrènement ne doit pas toucher une arête afin d’éviter toute surpression par effet de bord et une dégradation prématurée des dents. Il faut améliorer la répartition de l’effort transmis et des pressions de contact. L’erreur de transmission induit des vibrations et du bruit. Il faut donc la minimiser. L’étude de la correction à appliquer à la denture est fastidieuse et requiert une longue période d’apprentissage lorsqu’elle est réalisée manuellement. Les travaux présentés s’inscrivent dans le cadre d’une automatisation du processus. L’usinage et l’engrènement des dentures sont simulés numériquement. Les méthodes proposées sont simples et robustes. Trois problèmes d’optimisation différents sont traités et analysésThe performance of a helicopter is closely linked to its weight. The components are lightened to benefit the carried payload. That usually involves a reduction in their stiffness, so an increase in their deformation. The transmission gear boxes are particularly affected. They must ensure the transmission of high powers with a minimal mass. The load makes the axes of the gears misaligned. The topographies of the spiral bevel gear teeth are corrected in order to tolerate the displacement and optimize the mechanism performances. The contact path must not touch tooth edges to avoid any overpressure and premature degradation. The distribution of the transmitted load and of the contact pressures must be improved. The transmission error induces vibrations and noise. Therefore, it must be minimized. The study of the correction to be applied to the teeth is tedious and requires a long learning period when it is done manually. The presented works fit into the scheme of an automated process. The machining and meshing of the teeth are simulated numerically. The proposed methods are simple and robust. Three different optimization problems are discussed and analyzed
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Schumann, Stefan. "Möglichkeiten und Grenzen asymmetrischer Kegelradverzahnungen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-170928.
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Durch neue, hochflexible Fertigungsverfahren wie das Freiformfräsen eröffnet sich für Kegelradverzahnungen ein großes geometrisches Optimierungspotenzial. Diese Arbeit widmet sich daher der Ermittlung einer optimalen Makro-, Mikro- und Zahnfußgeometrie für bogenverzahnte Kegelräder.
Neben dem Zahnprofil und der Zahnfußkurve wird besonderes Augenmerk auf die Ermittlung topologischer Flankenmodifikationen zur Maximierung der Tragfähigkeit gelegt. Gleichzeitig bietet der gezeigte Optimierungsalgorithmus die Möglichkeit zur Minimierung der Geräuschanregung, wodurch der bisher existierende Zielkonflikt zwischen diesen beiden Aspekten aufgehoben werden kann.
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Labský, Jiří. "Konstrukční návrh drtiče větví." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229457.
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The aim of this master's thesis is to design of wood chipper connected to the tractor ZETOR 3011. In the introduction of this thesis it is described the general use of wood chippers. First part of thesis contains recherche from wood chippers' area. Then it is followed with the description of the own chipper design and with the basic design calculations. Part of the thesis is 3D model of the machine and drawing documentation of selected parts. Next part is given economic evaluation. In the last part of thesis is made analysis of risk.
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Kresta, Vojtěch. "Návrh samosvorného diferenciálu závodního automobilu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229132.
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The thesis concentrates on the design of limited slip differential of the racing car. It describes the method of designing the model of space for differential, using the 3D ATOS scanner and Pro/ENGINEER software environment. The next part of the thesis illustrates the process of designing the model of mass-produced open differential. The main attention is paid to the design of both versions of clutch limited slip differential and also to the analysis of problematic issues of each analyzed component. Further on, there is a stress analysis of some selected parts: pressure ring, differential case and their comparison before and after their optimization.
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Webb, Thomas Andrew. "Power losses in spiral bevel gears." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/27950/.
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This dissertation describes a numerical modelling strategy for characterising the windage of a spiral bevel gear rotating within a static shroud. The techniques employed include the use of a parametric solid model, and flow field modelling using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. A number of hypothetical physical alterations are made to a control system consisting of a gear and a shroud, based on those found in a Rolls-Royce aero engine. Windage is a parasitic power loss that occurs when a gear does work on air and oil within a gas turbine internal gearbox. It leads to degradation of the oil, which wears turbo-machinery and bearing components, shortening their lives. Windage power losses also impact upon the fuel consumption of an engine, reducing its environmental credentials. The requirement of the oil is to cool and lubricate the meshing location of a pair of gears and for it to then be removed from the vicinity of the gear - preventing its re-ingestion and recirculation. The best solution to these issues of reducing windage and managing the oil is to shroud the gear effectively. Additional cooling of oil can mitigate the damage of too much heat generation, but this adds weight and expense to an engine. A parametric model of a shrouded spiral bevel gear is created, which allows for changes to be made to single or multiple dimensions of the gear and shroud. A control volume CFD approach is used, with a single tooth of a gear modelled to reduce computational time. Four gear size variables are tested: inner diameter, outer diameter, cone angle and module (number of teeth). Findings for air-only show that windage can be reduced by: increasing the cone angle; increasing the number of teeth; or decreasing the outer diameter. The effect of changing the inner diameter on windage was found to be complex due to the interaction of gear and shroud upon the system results, but far less significant than the outer diameter, as windage was seen to scale by this variable to the power of 4.3. Changes to the design of the shroud are made, with a comparison of five inlet and five outlet designs. It is found that a sudden restriction at the inlet to the shroud is the most effective way of reducing single phase windage, with additional shroud features that make the flow path more tortuous also helping. The outlet of the shroud is shown to increase windage as it is opened up and permitted to be less restrictive. A series of investigations using a Lagrangian discrete particle model (DPM) to simulate the presence of oil droplets within the system are also presented. It is shown that the destination of oil within the domain is predominantly dictated by the source location of the oil, with little sensitivity to initial velocity or size. Film modelling on the surface of the shroud, using the DPM-based film model, allows the motion of a thin layer of oil to be studied. In conjunction with the five shroud outlet designs, it is shown that a less restrictive, more open shroud outlet design will help prevent re-ingestion of oil that is present within the shrouded area of the gear.
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Yousif, Ahmed. "The design of spiral bevel gears." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.577533.
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Spiral bevel gears are used widely in the transmission systems of several mechanical applications. The design of spiral bevel gears is very complicated. This is due to the complexity of the gear tooth geometry. This research concentrates on a special type of spiral bevel gears, the Palloid spiral bevel gears. The design methodology is based on the concepts of the machine kinematics. This delivers a numerical model of the spiral bevel gear tooth surfaces. The concept of a three dimensional vector analysis is applied. In addition, the condition of the tangential contact between the meshing surfaces of the cutting tool and gear blank is utilised. This is performed using the mathematical modelling software package MATLAB. The data points of the gear tooth surfaces obtained from MATLAB are defined as the nodes of the finite element mesh avoiding using a CAD package. In order to achieve high accuracy of gear geometry CAD software has to be avoided as the loss of accuracy is a problem combined with using CAD software. In addition, Hertzian contact problem for spiral bevel gears is studied using traditional Hertzian contact theory. Further more, finite element model is also investigated to compare the stress to that achieved from Hertzian analysis. Finite element analysis is applied in order to determine the response of the structure and bending stresses. Finite element analysis code ABAQUS/Standard is employed.
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Handschuh, Robert Frederick. "Thermal behavior of spiral bevel gears." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1057162219.
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Rapley, Steve. "Computational investigation of torque on spiral bevel gears." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10803/.
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This thesis describes the development of a numerical modelling strategy for simulating the flow around a shrouded spiral bevel gear. The strategy is then applied to a series of parametric variations of key shroud parameters. The shroud and gear in question are generic, although based upon those employed in the internal gear box of a Rolls-Royce aeroengine. The need to shroud the gear comes from the fact that a spiral bevel gear, when rotated, acts like a fan. Work is done by the gear to move the surrounding fluid, usually air with oil particles suspended in it, which creates a parasitic loss, referred to as the windage power loss. The work within this thesis is part of a larger project which has investigated how windage power loss can be affected by geometric features of gears and shrouds. This is important as for large diameter (>200mm) bevel gears running at high speeds (>10,000 RPM) the windage power loss forms a substantial part of the total power loss. The modelling strategy has been developed in this work by studying 4 different fluid flow settings: Taylor-Couette flow, Conical Taylor-Couette flow, an unshrouded spiral bevel gear, and a shrouded spiral bevel gear. Work on Taylor-Couette flow provided a basic setting in which to trial various numerical techniques and gain familiarity with the commercial CFD program which would be used throughout this thesis (FLUENT), along with the meshing program GAMBIT. It gave an understanding of the flow, which was then used to simulate the flow in a modification of Taylor-Couette flow where the cylinders are replaced with cones, called Conical Taylor-Couette flow. Comparisons were made between 4 popular turbulence models, allowing a decision to be made on the `best' turbulence model to use in the modelling of a shrouded gear, and to start to develop the strategy. This strategy was then applied to the more complex geometry of an unshrouded gear, simulating experimental data which had been created on an in-house rig. To confirm the applicability of the strategy to modelling shrouded spiral bevel gears, it was applied to two shrouds for which experimental data was available. It showed that numerical modelling can capture the relative performance of the shrouds well. The work then continued by considering a series of parametric variations, whereby 3 key shroud parameters are each varied in 3 manners, producing 27 variations. Each of these parameters can affect the windage power loss: an assessment of how much each parameter affects windage power loss has been given. A description of the flow field in `good' and `bad' cases has been given, and through approximating the flow by using the compressible form of Bernoulli's equation, reasons for a `bad' shroud being `bad' have been presented.
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NAKHJIRI, MINOO. "Study of running-in of spiral bevel gears." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-143628.
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Hand held power tools have enabled craftsmen and skilled workers in general to increase their productivity while cutting, assembling, and grinding. Atlas Copco Tools has been at the vanguard of ever increasing product performance in hand held power tools. One product module which has been thoroughly studied is the bevel gear transmissions present in Atlas Copco angle head nut runners. For these gears a large variation of service life has been observed due to difference in the running procedures and different service intervals.To extend the service life of nut runners, Atlas Copco Tools has started to investigate the effects from running-in of gears. Running-in is a procedure of reducing the surface roughness which can help to enhance the contact conditions. The impact of running-in can be measured either by the steady state of wear or steady state of friction.In this master thesis, different procedures of running-in have been investigated. The changes in contact pattern, surface roughness values and efficiency losses were measured step-vice during the different running-in setups. In addition, the minimum lubricant film thickness has been calculated analytically and a commercially available gear software provided the contact pattern for perfectly smooth gears which was compared with the real contact situation.The different running-in procedures resulted in one optimized running-in procedure where an increase in gear life was found. The biggest change in surface roughness happens at the very first running-in step. Hence, running the gears for one longer period of time, with low torque and specific speed range, gives the best running-in effects. Moreover, starved lubrication conditions were found which are most likely linked to the present gear design. A redesign is suggested to further increase the gear life.Handhållna eldrivna verktyg har under många år bidragit till att öka produktiviteten inom industrin. Atlas Copco Tools utvecklar sådana verktyg med fokus på produktivitet, ergonomi och kvalitet. En produktmodul som de arbetat med att förbättra är vinkelväxeln som sitter i deras elektriska mutterdragare eftersom livslängdvariationer, beroende på hur de är använda och när service är gjord, noterats.För att få ner variationerna har Atlas Copco Tools börjat undersöka om inkörning av vinkelväxlarna kan förlänga livslängden. Inkörning kan göra ytorna jämnare och därmed förbättra smörjförhållandena i kuggkontakten. Effekten av inkörning kan mätas genom att studera nötning och effektförluster.I detta examensarbete analyseras olika inkörningsförlopp stegvis med avseende på kontaktbild, ytfinhet och effektförluster. Minsta smörjfilmstjocklek beräknades analytiskt och med hjälp av ett kommersiellt datorprogram kunde kuggkontaktbilden för statiskt belastade perfekta kuggväxlar studeras och jämföras med den verkliga kontakten.Av de testade inkörningsförfarandena presenteras en optimal inkörningsmetod som kunde kopplas till en förlängd livslängd. Vidare så bedömdes smörjningen vara otillräcklig. Arbetet visar också att en omkonstruktion av kuggeometrin är nödvändig för att ytterligare förlänga livslängden.
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Bel, Mabrouk Imen. "Etude des effets des charges aérodynamiques sur le comportement dynamique non linéaire des éoliennes à axe vertical." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMIR17.
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Ce sujet de thèse s'intéresse à l'étude des effets des charges aérodynamiques sur le comportement dynamique non linéaire d'une éolienne à axe vertical de type Darrieus. Cette dernière présente, comparativement aux autres éoliennes, des profits très importants à exploiter, notamment dans les milieux urbains. Il s'agit d'une technologie fiable caractérisée surtout par son fonctionnement omnidirectionnel ainsi que son adaptation à tout type de vent. Généralement, ces éoliennes, ayant des phénomènes aérodynamiques complexes, sont affectées par des vibrations au niveau de leur système de transmission de puissance. En fait, ces vibrations commencent à se manifester à partir des pales du rotor jusqu'au génératrice. L'écoulement autour de ses pales présente également un fort caractère instationnaire. Cette caractéristique augmente d'avantage les vibrations aérodynamiques, qui sont automatiquement transmise au système d'engrenage d'éolienne. À ce niveau, nous avons développé un code de calcul numérique permettant de simuler la complexité des aspects aérodynamiques instationnaires tout en gardant un compromis entre la fiabilité des prédictions et la rapidité de calcul. Les simulations sont réalisées suivant une méthode de mécanique des fluides numérique (CFD) instationnaire bidimensionnel. Les résultats de simulation comparés avec ceux disponibles dans la littérature sont en bonne concordance, le rendement aérodynamique étant optimisé, qui présente un apport scientifique notable. Cette étude numérique a été l'objectif de l'analyse de l'impact des charges aérodynamiques vis-à-vis le comportement dynamique du système d'engrenage de l'éolienne en régime non-stationnaire. Dans ce contexte, une étude paramétrique a été développée afin d'établir le fonctionnement optimal de l'éolienne, caractérisé par un couple aérodynamique plus performant associé à des niveaux de vibrations dynamiques acceptables. En général, il est difficile d'identifier précisément la réponse dynamique des éoliennes à cause du caractère turbulent et stochastique des charges aérodynamiques. Par conséquent, il est indispensable de tenir en compte la variabilité des paramètres d'entrée pour assurer la robustesse du système étudié. Adoptons l'objectif de dimensionnement robuste. Une méthode d'évaluation basée sur des approches stochastiques, particulièrement la méthode du Chaos Polynomial, est utilisée pour simuler le comportement dynamique non-linéaire du système d'engrenage d'éolienne, en tenant compte des incertitudes. Ces dernières sont au niveau des charges aérodynamiques, inhérentes au calcul des niveaux vibratoires du système d'engrenage. Ce qui implique un apport scientifique important. Les résultats obtenus par l'approximation par Chaos Polynomial démontrent une forte dispersion des charges aérodynamiques aléatoires dans la réponse dynamique du système d'engrenage, contrairement aux études déterministes. Ce qui prouve l'insuffisance de telles études pour une analyse de robustesse. Les résultats mettent également en évidence la forte corrélation entre les phénomènes aérodynamiques complexes et les vibrations dynamiques. Le couplage établi constitue l'originalité de notre travailThis thesis focuses on the study of the aerodynamic loads effects on the nonlinear dynamic behavior of Darrieus--type vertical axis wind turbine. The latter has received more attention due to its efficiency in urban regions compared to other wind turbines. In fact, the wind flow speed in urban regions continuously changes direction and is extremely turbulent. The inherent characteristics of its omni-directionality make it more suitable to harnessing this kind of flow. It is known that Darrieus wind turbine is characterized by an inherently unsteady aerodynamic behavior and a complex flow around rotor blades. The non-stationary behavior of the mentioned turbine increases vibration. These aerodynamic vibrations are transmitted to the gearing mechanism. We have, firstly, developed a numerical simulation, allowing to simulate the complexity of the unsteady aerodynamic phenomena keeping a compromise between the reliability of prediction and the rapidity of calculation. This numerical simulation has been carried out using a two-dimensional unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method. Simulation results compared to those available in the literature are in good agreement. The Darrieus turbine efficiency is also optimized; thus introducing a significant scientific contribution. The latter is the objective of analyzing the aerodynamic load impact in the dynamic behavior of the Darrieus turbine in non-stationary regime. In this context, a parametric study has been developed in order to find optimal functioning of the studied turbine, which is characterized by the most performing aerodynamic torque associated with acceptable levels of dynamic vibration. In general, it is difficult to predict the dynamic response of the wind turbine with a good level of accuracy due to the aerodynamic loads turbulence and uncertain characteristics. It becomes necessary to take into account the uncertainty in the input parameters to ensure the robustness of the Darrieus turbine geared system. In a robustness study objective, the Polynomial Chaos method is adopted to predict the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the gearing system taking into account uncertainties which are associated to the performance coefficient of the input aerodynamic torque. This leads to an important scientific research contribution. The results have shown a large dispersion of the random parameter in the dynamic response of the gearing system compared to the deterministic study. That proves the insufficiency of that study for a robustness analyses. They have also proved that the Polynomial Chaos method is an efficient probabilistic tool for uncertainty propagation. Finally, the new proposed robust mechanical analysis indicates a good capacity to investigate the dynamic behavior of the Darrieus turbine thanks to its superior predictive capabilities in coupling complex aerodynamic phenomena with a mechanical gearing system vibration. Where the originality of such correlation in our work
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Erkilic, Erdem. "A Model to Predict Pocketing Power Losses in Spiral Bevel and Hypoid Gears." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337616576.
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Sugyarto, Eddy. "The Kinematic Study, Geometry Generation, and Load Distribution Analysis of Spiral Bevel and Hypoid Gears." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392985391.
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Vaidyanathan, Sathyanarayanan. "Application of plate and shell models in the loaded tooth contact analysis of bevel and hypoid gears." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1335540802.
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Huang, Ya-Chuan, and 黃雅絹. "CUTTING METHOD OF FACE-HOBBED STRAIGHT BEVEL GEARS BASED ON A SIX-AXIS CNC BEVEL GEAR CUTTING MACHINE." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99364564922673660716.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
100
Face-hobbing method is a continuous cutting process. It has high productivity, precision, and produced gears with better contact bearing. Nevertheless, this method is implemented in the hypoid gear and spiral bevel gear cutting process, and generates extended epicycloidal flanks. In 2009, the German company Klingelnberg disclosed a new face-hobbing method for manufacturing the straight bevel gears. Klingelnberg introduced a hypocycloidal straight mechanism for cutting straight bevel gears. In this mechanism, setting the radius of the rolling circle equals to half of the radius of the base circle yields straight lines. The mathematical model of the face-hobbed straight bevel gear developed based on a universal cradle-type face-hobbing bevel gear generator is given. We want to make an experiment to verify the correction of the established mathematical model of face-hobbed straight gear. However, this universal cradle-type generator is a virtual machine, which cannot be used in the real manufacture. Instead, we use the six-axis CNC bevel gear cutting machine as the experiment machine. In this thesis, the machine settings of the six-axis CNC bevel gear cutting machine are derived from the universal cradle-type generator. According to the Gleason Works technical report about the face-hobbing cutting system for spiral bevel and hypoid gears, we program the NC codes for manufacturing face-hobbed straight bevel gears. Furthermore, a flank topographic correction method is developed based on the six-axis CNC bevel gear cutting machine. Finally, in order to verify the six-axis machine settings and the NC codes, the cutting experiment is implemented. The flank deviations of finished gears are obtained by the gear measuring center. And according to the proposed correction method, The corrections on the cutter parameters and machine settings are calculated. The results of experiments verify the correction of proposed mathematical models.
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Hsieh, Hsin-yen, and 謝欣諺. "A STUDY ON INTERLOCKING CONIFLEX CUTTING METHOD FOR STRAIGHT BEVEL GEARS BASED ON THE BEVEL GEAR CUTTING MACHINE." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21078210683996109979.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
101
The ConiflexR cutting method developed by Gleason is used to produce straight bevel gear (SBG). This method uses two interlocked cutters to generate a combination of profile and lengthwise crowning in the tooth flanks, and thus achieves the advantages of low assemble sensibility and high precision. However, it is only operated in the dedicated machine. The traditional machine is difficult to be setup as a result of low repeatability. To address this problem, Gleason recently announced that this cutting method can be applied on the modern PHOENIXR CNC machine. However, the details of the ConiflexR cutting method are not provided because of commercial considerations. The main goal of this work is to transform the technology of ConiflexR cutting method to a six-axis CNC bevel gear cutting machine. A mathematical model of ConiflexR SBG is first developed based on the universal bevel gear cutting machine. This model contains three modules: a cutter, an imaginary generating gear, and the relative motion between an imaginary generating gear and the work gear. The correctness of the model is confirmed using the ease-off and tooth contact analysis. Moreover, the cutting NC data is programmed according to the six-axis machine settings which are obtained by the conversion from a universal cradle-type to a six-axis Cartesian-type machine. Finally, the 3D NC simulator developed by our research team is used to verify the correctness of the generated NC data.
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Hung, Yu-Cheng, and 洪煜程. "MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF STRAIGHT BEVEL GEAR CUT BY THE STRAIGHT BEVEL CONIFLEX GENERATOR." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y839pu.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
107
The Coniflex® straight bevel gear (SBG) characteristic is the lengthwise crowning tooth flanks, and thus achieves the advantages of low assemble sensibility and high precision. When the deformation, assembly deviation or manufacturing deviation cause the displacement of assembling position, Coniflex® SBG could preserve the contact situation. This method uses two interlocking disk cutters to generate tooth flanks. The profile of the cutter can generate lengthwise crowning tooth flank. By change the cutter pressure angle, the contact length of gear can be adjusting. Gleason provides No. 102, No. 104, No. 114 and No. 134 straight bevel cutting machine for this gear. Gleason also provides the blank design, cutter design and machine setting calculating instructions. However, the detail of the Coniflex® cutting method is not provided because of commercial considerations. The main goal of this paper is to establish a mathematical model of the tooth surfaces of Coniflex® gears produced by machine No. 104. First, using calculating instructions calculate Coniflex® straight bevel gear blank parameters and tool, mathematical model. Machine settings of the machine are determined from the formulas provided by the machine calculating instructions. The locus of the cutter can be derived using the coordinate transformation method, and their envelope constructs the tooth surface which is solved using the equation of meshing. Two evaluation methods, ease off and tooth contact analysis, are adopted to confirm the correctness of the proposed models. Lastly, to correct the manufacturing deviation. We establish the flank correction method by the optimization method. KlingelnbergP40 export flank deviation report which used for calculating correction of machine setting.
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YANG, YUEH-CHI, and 楊岳卿. "Development of the Precision Straight Bevel Gear Forging Process." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6wttp9.
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碩士逢甲大學
經營管理碩士在職學位學程
106
The bevel gear industry is a high-precision industry. At the present stage, due to the huge investment in high-end machinery and equipment of the industry from the same field of competitors, caused the phenomenon of competition in price cuts. In order to maintain competitive advantages, there must be technological differentiation in the products. It is expected that M-company can control the key technology by manufacturing products through cross-field production to get rid of other competitors. Through the cooperation between industry and universities, to continue to recruit related technical personnel and also the introduction of technology to ensure the continuation of technological advantages. In actual practice, through the preliminary study, we have established the mathematical model of the twin-bevel straight bevel gears, the forging die machining and the machining jig design and manufacturing methods, and established the precise accuracy measurement method of forging straight bevel gears to ensure the die cavity service and the life of mold. Then, by doing the rolling test of the forging straight bevel gears to proof the running performance. Through the above established system, the forged straight bevel gear sets can have the best running performance, strength and maximum allowable installation tolerances for different application field. The cross-field production is able to have the best market competitiveness. The establishment of the SOP measurement system ensures the product with the most stable quality, so that the long-term talent cultivation and the continuation of technology will become the cornerstone of the company's sustainable operation.
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Hung, Cheng Chang, and 洪承昌. "Analysis of Near Net-Shape Helical Bevel Gear Forging." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45mygr.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
創意工程與精密科技研究所在職專班
98
There are several advantages of forging process, such as high yield ratio of material, good accuracy, high strength, short processing time, low cost, long lifetime and mass production. It is valuable in industry applications. If the parameters of the forging process can be simulated in advance, it should be able to effectively improve the practicality of forging. In this paper, the near net shape helical bevel gear warm forging is an example. First, a finite element analysis software is use to simulate the near net shape helical bevel gear warm forging process. To investigate the effects of process parameters such as modulus, number of teeth, temperature of die and temperature of workpiece on the maximum forging force, maximum effective stress, maximum effective strain and maximum gear temperature of near net-shape helical bevel gear. The flow of raw material in the die, DEFORMation and load value is analyzed by simulation, Then a die is made for experiment. Comparison between the results from simulation and experiment is carried out accordingly. Finally, the abductive network was then applied to synthesize the data sets obtained from the numerical simulation. The predicted results of the initial billet’s volume and maximum forging force of near net-shape helical bevel gear warm forging from the prediction model are consistent with the results obtained from FEM simulation quite well . Therefore, the maximum forming force and initial billet’s volume will be predicted when the differ helical bevel gear forging, then choice an amount of ton of machine and initial billet’s volume for saving the time of process.
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Hsieh, Ming-Fu, and 謝明輔. "The Simulation of Cold Forming Process of Spiral Bevel Gear." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57202348484972794060.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
機械與精密工程研究所
99
This thesis aims at the simulation of cold forging process of spiral bevel gear. Based on the Taguchi quality engineering method, the parameters including rotation mode of the die, the size of initial billet, the speed of punch and the friction are arranged according to the orthogonal array. After finishing the simulation, the analysis of variance is carried out with regards to the forming loads to investigate the effect of parameters on the cold forging and the relationship between the parameters and the forming die, and to find out the best combination of cold forging parameters. Because the cold forging die suffers extremely large stress, stress analysis is conducted to compare the effect of traditional and multi-action type die. The loads of pre-stressed rings with the ratio of outside and inside diameter from 1.5 to 2.5 are calculated. From analysis of die wear the difference of die wear resulting from different billet size under the same conditions is compared, so that we can understand the filling of tooth shape, further to lower the die wear and to improve the die life.
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Chan, Tzu-chiang, and 詹自強. "Geometric Design and Tooth Contact Analysis of Spiral Bevel Gear." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31586473475226058110.
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碩士正修科技大學
機電工程研究所
96
In order to comprehend the tooth contact analysis and stress analysis of spiral bevel gear drives, this thesis derives the surface equation of spiral bevel gear based on the differential geometry and homogeneous coordinate transformation. Firstly, the generating surfaces of the head-cutter are formed by rotation of the blade. The derivation of the equations of the generated gear tooth surface is in accordance with the application of two equations: equation of the family of head-cutters surfaces and equation of meshing that have to be considered simultaneously. The surface and solid model are built through CAD/CAM software. The formation of bearing contact during the cycle of meshing and perform the stress analysis are investigated by application of finite element analysis (ANSYS). The design of finite element models and the settings of boundary conditions are automatized.
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Yi-TingChen and 陳怡婷. "Bevel Gear Motion Analysis ─ Using the Ordinary Differential Equation Method." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/m6qma4.
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碩士國立成功大學
數學系應用數學碩博士班
101
Gear mechanisms are indispensable components used in the industrial, the design and level of manufacturing directly affect the quality of industrial products. In this paper, we describe the contact conditions of two gears to derive formulas of ordinary differential equations, use numerical methods for observing their motion, and discuss for the specific tooth shape gear. Suppose that two gears do the rigid body motion in space, the driving gear contact the driven gear and rotate each other, the tooth of two bevel gears could be regarded as the curve of the spherical surface, the two curves could rotate with the different axis, we use the contact condition to derive formulas of ordinary differential equations. We use ordinary differential equations and give a special case of the known solution and input the program to solve it by Euler method and Runge-Kutta method, then we compare it with the analytic solution and analysis results and errors, the results showed that the movement of ordinary differential equations is correct, but the interpolation functions of the curve need to use more advanced methods.
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Lee, Shish-ming, and 李世明. "A study of cold precision forging for the bevel gear." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7dkfn7.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
機械與機電工程研究所
96
The gear is an important part for mechanical transmitting and gear shifting It has been widely applied in the machines. The Bevel gear which produced by die forging is not only helping to save raw material, down the cost, but also having high-effect work and good quality of mechanical property. Therefore, the method and technics to make forging gear are becoming a valuable research thema. We are adopting “Deform” software to analyze the cold closed-die forging numerical simulation of Bevel gear.To simulate the Strain-effective and the loading influence with the different modules, teeth and pitch angle of the bevel gear, we also do the cold closed-die forging experiments .To compare experiment result with the Numerical simulation analysis data. Then we can approve the numerical simulation model is correct. In our study, we find that the of the bigger modules and teeth the greater forging and pressing load is, The distribution of the pitch angle influence strain effective , The more small stress effective of the module contain the trend of the increase
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Lin, Po-yu, and 林伯俞. "A Study of Precision Forging Process for Spiral Bevel Gear." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81992492128709064721.
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碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
機械與自動化工程所
98
In order to develop Spiral Bevel Gear Precision Forging Process, this study uses Spiral Bevel Gear Drive Mower by adopting SCM415 materials and employing Warm Forging with Multi-action to conduct this research. First, AMTEC software is used with Computer Aided Drawing to design the model of Spiral Bevel Gear. Computer-Aided Engineering helps to analyze the models of cone-shape billet and column billet to find out their metal formability, forming load, and die stress. Afterward, the best billet will be chosen to do model analysis with four different temperatures, including 800℃, 850℃, 900℃, and 950℃. The results of model analysis will be further analyzed by forging experiment. After the forging experiment, the result shows that while billet’s temperature is over 800℃, it could finish tooth filling. However, the forming forces of Gear couldn’t finish filled until the temperature is raised up to 900℃. The results of experiment are much similar to the simulation outcomes. Therefore, this research shows that adopting Precision Forging Process to Spiral Bevel Gear Forming will reduce the processing time and improve material using factors.
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ZHANG, QI-ZHEN, and 張其振. "Design of kinematic structure of bevel-gear-type robotic wrist mechanisms." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84467697991506390377.
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Kuo, Hsiu-Ming, and 郭修銘. "A Study on the Bevel Gear with Circular-Arc Tooth Profiles." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80172398672065899713.
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碩士國立中山大學
機械工程學系研究所
89
Nowadays, the bevel gears are widely applied in the industry for the intersected-axial transmission system. But the applications of the bevel gears are mostly limited to the usage of involute bevel gears. In this thesis, the bevel gear with circular-arc tooth profiles is derived by using general theorem of conjugate surfaces, coordinate transformation, constrained meshing equation, and spherical trigonometry. According to the bevel gears with circular-arc tooth profile derived above, the analyses and discussions of the interference are proposed. The interference situation is detected by applying the phase lead-lag concept while circular-arc curve is moving on the spherical cross-section. Furthermore, the ideal conditions to avoid occurrence of interference are proposed. Design charts for the maximum values of tooth profile angle are also constructed as a reference for designers. The 3D solid models of the bevel gear with circular-arc tooth profiles are constructed by using the computer software (Pro/E). Finally, the transmission ability is verified through the computer animation using CAE software (Visual Nastran). It is believed that the mathematical models and design method developed in the thesis will provide a useful foundation for the further studies.
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Wu, Fu-Chuan, and 吳福傳. "TOOTH CONTACT ANALYSIS OF STRAIGHT BEVEL GEAR PAIR WITH CROWNING TEETH." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4aed2j.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
105
The mathematical models for tooth contact analysis (TCA) of a gear pair have been well derived in the literature. TCA includes evaluation of contact path, angle transmission error, and elliptical contact pattern. The existing method is systematic, efficient, and commonly applied in gear industry. However, it has a drawback in unstable solution when the edge contact happens. Normal vectors of tooth surfaces of the pinion and gear at the edge point do not collinear that leads to a divergence in solving nonlinear equations. In addition, an ellipse is adopted to approach the contact pattern according to curvatures of two tooth surfaces. The deviations of contact pattern get larger while their curvatures change greatly. The paper therefore develops a new mathematical model of TCA. Here, the optimization method of Golden ratio is adopted to directly determine the contact points. The proposed method avoids divergences in solving equations due to avoidance of involving the condition of same normal vectors between the mapped tooth surfaces. Moreover, a searching method for the boundary of contact pattern is applied to find the real contact pattern. The paper also establishes the mathematical models of straight bevel gears, cylindrical gears and spiral bevel gears with double crowning tooth surfaces. Their tooth surfaces are based on a spherical involute, standard involute and face-milled surfaces, respectively. Two methods, the existing and proposed methods, are adopted for evaluating the tooth contact analyses of gear pairs. The results confirm the correctness of the proposed mathematical models.
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Liao, Wei-Kai, and 廖韋凱. "A STUDY ON FLANK CORRECTION METHOD FOR FORGING SPIRAL BEVEL GEAR." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73883400191675633728.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
103
Die forging is the most efficient method in the manufacture of parts. Due to its advantages of high strength and high productivity, forging process is frequently applied in manufacturing bevel gears. However, the forged bevel gears has lower accuracy compared to the machined one. The main reason is that it is difficult to control the deformation of blank and molds during forging process. In addition, uneven tooth thickness of bevel gear leads to irregular deformation on gear surface. Therefore, the precision of forged bevel gear cannot be effectively improved. In this study, a flank correction method of forged spiral bevel gear is proposed. First, tooth surface of spiral bevel gears are constructed by Gleason SGDH Method(Generated Spiral Bevel Gears, Duplex-Helical Method). The contact performance of gear pair is evaluated using ease-off and tooth contact analysis. A developed program based on SolidWorks API (Application Programming Interface) is then used to automatically create 3D gear parts for design of molds. The deformation of forged gear under warm forging and cold forging is analyzed using DEFORM-3D software, and the simulated part can be exported to a STL(STereoLithography) file for further investigating on tooth flank from deviations compared with the theoretical tooth surface. The tooth surfaces of mold are appropriately amended based on the tooth surface deviations. According to the experiment results, the flank topographic analysis shows that the maximum deviation of tooth surface of molded gear is about 0.1mm before correction. However, after two corrections, the maximum deviation can be reduced to 0.02mm. It proves that the proposed flank correction method can effectively improve the geometric accuracy of tooth surface of molded gear.
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Lu, Kuan-Hsien, and 呂冠賢. "The Study of Quality Improvement of Forging Straight Bevel Gear Machining." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/d8w76r.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
機械設計工程研究所
102
In order to gain high strength and improve the productionefficiency,making straight bevel gears by forging procedure is already become a trend. However it has been criticizing for the tooth surface finishing and pitch run out accuracy on forging gears.The pitch run out accuracy depends on forging die core manufacturing procedure and machined forging blanks. The process of forgingdie core in this research is using hard engraving which ignores thedeviation effect of pitch run out accuracy caused by the engravingaccuracy.Therefore, this thesis only focus on how to improve thepitch run out accuracy for machined forging blanks procedurestoanalysis.First,using Mathematica software to set up straightbevelgear tooth shape to process tooth face data to calculate and import Pro/E straight bevel gear forging die core 3D model andpitch diameter fixture 3D model.After that, using CAD/CAM toengrave forging die core and pitch diameter fixture directly. Straightbevel gear geometric area is the only part which do not need toprocess of gear blank geometric from mechanical to finishedproducts.Therefore, the design of pitch diameter fixture is that wedo not need the machined tooth face to be the bearing surface todefine the gear axis of rotation, mounting distance, tooth thickness to ensure the pitch run out accuracy. However, the processer inorder to increase the efficiency, often use high feed rate to cut gearblanks,since the contact bearing surface of pitch diameter fixtureand forging blanks is small,the large cutting power will cause the tooth face damaged.To solve the efficiency of process, tooth facedamaged and ensure run out accuracy at the same time, this thesis process in batch by the mechanical bearing design of gear blank core which prove the new design of gear blank core could increasethe processing efficiency,not to damage the tooth face andmaintain the run out accuracy of mechanical by pitch diameter fixture.
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Yang, Zong-Hua, and 楊宗樺. "Application of Neural Network in the Assembly Diagnosis of Bevel Gear." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b2gg67.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
機械與機電工程研究所
101
Due to the variable types of gear faults, the main purpose of this study is to establish a model prototype of diagnostic system applied in the analysis of the setting of bevel gear pair. Firstly, HyperMesh is applied to the mesh of bevel gear. Then, FFT (Fast Fourier Transform), power spectrum, EMD (Empirical Mode Decomposition), and wavelet analysis are used for signal processing obtained from Ls-Dyna. Then the fault characteristic parameters are extracted and regularized. BPN (Back-propagation Network) and PNN (Probabilistic Neural Network) are then applied to develope the diagnosis system. This study consists of simulations and examples validation. The first part of the fault types are generated by the virtual signal generated by Ls-Dyna for the feasibility test of this diagnostic system. Assembly type of bevel gear meshing errors along the X-axis or Y-axis are diagnosticated. The second part is the cases of the verification. The verifications can be used to prove the diagnosis and increase the accuracy of this diagnostic system. If the diagnosis results are inconsistent, the different signal processing are voted to determine the fault type.
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Wu, Wei-Lun, and 吳維倫. "An Analysis of Thermal Differential Orbital Hot Forging for Bevel Gear." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/chr45s.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
創意工程與精密科技研究所
98
Orbital forging is a new process featuring a local contact, which forces the metal material to gradually deform by incremental approach. This process has the advantages of labor-saving, high precision, and low noise, etc., and so is highly valued by many scholars and industry experts and is widely applied too. However, due to the complicated action modes and hard-controlled material flow, its theoretical research has not been mature until now. Because difficulties increase in production design, problems with extended production cycles and product manufacturing appear, and therefore the applications and development of orbital forging are restricted. In general, metal is softened after heating, and at a certain temperature range, the higher temperature enhanced the higher softening effect, and metal flow become easier. Based on this physical phenomenon, a new dieless forging, thermal-differential forging, has been developed, which makes the metal flow in certain regions become easier. If the temperature distribution could be suitably controlled, the complex parts could be initially formed by using simple forging method, thus the near net shape forming will be achieved. To effectively understand the influence of local heating on forming of orbital forging, the three-dimensional rigid-plastic finite element method was applied in the current study to the numerical simulation of differential thermal orbital forging. Namely, to effectively promote the deformation of the billet, the poorly deformed region was locally heated at a high temperature. In addition, the influence of the upper die orbital angle, rotation speed, and lower die feed rate on the thermal differential hot forging for bevel gear were also explored. Results showed that local heating in the lower zone of billet could not only effectively improved the deformation ability of orbital forging, but also generated obvious temperature gradient. Due to the uneven deformation in orbital forging processes, the equivalent strain distributed over the bevel gear was less consistent, but the maximum strain value could be found at the bottom and top of the die/billet contact regions. As for the influence of process parameters, the forming load was greater when the orbital angle was greater and rotation speed higher, but the forming load was lower when the feed rate was slower. The forming effect was better at higher temperature, but the orbital forging was less affected by the friction factor. Temperature and deformation are the major factors in affecting the microstructure of metal, and the grain refinement is more obvious as the temperature gets higher. Because the interface of billet and die in orbital forging is a local contact deformation, the distribution of heat energy transfer is more uneven. Therefore, the distribution of dynamic recrystallization in different regions is not uniform. It requires longer time in phase transformation when it is at higher temperature, and the structural strengths were different when using diverse quenching media.
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Fan, Sih-Ci, and 范斯淇. "Three-Dimensional Dynamic Contact and Impact Analysis of Spiral Bevel Gear." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4e8tvs.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
機械與機電工程研究所
98
Gears are the most important components of the transmission systems that support power carrying out and motion characteristics changing. Many researchers had applied AGMA standards to evaluate the strength of spiral bevel gear, presently. However, the elastic deformation of gear materials, dynamic meshing-in and meshing-out impact, and the surface hardening depth did not considered in AGMA standard. A great portion of research efforts on spiral bevel gear transmission errors is focused on contact stress and V/H values, while only a few investigate into the relations between transmission errors and rotational speeds. In this research, an approach for 3D dynamic contact and impact analysis of spiral bevel gear drives is addressed. The HyperMesh /LS-DYNA software is utilized to calculate the transmission errors, surface contact stresses and root bending stresses of a spiral bevel gear pair. The vibration behavior of actual gear set under dynamic loading conditions has been simulated in the dynamic model. The dynamic responses of the spiral bevel gear drives are obtained under the conditions of initial speed with driver and the resistance with driven. The stiffness and elastic deformation of the gear teeth are calculated by using the finite element method with actual geometry and positions of the gears. The influences of the transmission errors, initial speed, and the surface hardening depth on impact characteristics of the meshing teeth are analyzed. After the impact analysis, the numerical results of transmission errors, contact pressure, and effective stress involve with the transient and steady states that difference AGMA standards.
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LAI, Lee-Hung, and 賴力弘. "Analysis of Near Net-Shape Straight-Toothed Bevel Gear Warm Forging." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wsyyv6.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
創意工程與精密科技研究所在職專班
98
Gear is an important component or part used in mechanical system to transmit power. Bevel gear produced by forging possesses the advantages of material reduction, good accuracy,lower cost,higher efficiency , mass production and better mechanical properties . It is valuable in industry applications .If the parameters of the forging process can be simulated in advance, it should be able to effectively improve the practicality of forging.In this paper, the 3D rigid-plastic finite element simulation technique was used to analyze the plastic forming of Straight toothed bevel gear.First, a finite element analysis software is use to simulate the near net shape warm forging process for the Straight toothed bevel gear .Under different parameters, such as module, number of teeth, etc. The effect on the maximum equivalent stress, the volume of near net shape forging raw material, the maximum forming force, the flow of raw material in the die, deformation and load value is analyzed by simulation, Then a die is made for experiment. Comparison between the results from simulation and experiment is carried out accordingly. The abductive network was then applied to synthesize the data sets obtained from the numerical simulation. The predicted results of the initial billet’s volume and the maximum forming temperature and maximum forging force of near net-shape Straight-Toothed bevel gear warm forging from the prediction model are consistent with the results obtained from FEM simulation quite well . Therefore, the maximum forming force and initial billet’s volume will be predicted when the differ Straight-Toothed bevel gear forging, then choice an amount of ton of machine and initial billet’s volume for saving the time of process.
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Li, Wenjung, and 李文榮. "Study on the Geometry Measurement of Bevel Gear and Its Mold on a Gear Coordinate Measuring Machine." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31907423019429251816.
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碩士國立中正大學
機械工程學系暨研究所
100
Methods for coordinate measuring bevel gear and its mold are studied in this research. First, the mathematical model of the coordinate measuring machine is established and the shortest paths of measuring bevel gear and its mold are planned. Then, the 3D model of the workpiece is imported into the virtual coordinate measuring system in STL format. The STL file of the workpiece is segmented into different arrays with the database partition processing method to increase the speed of simulation. The measured data points are obtained by the better collision rules between the probe head and the tooth profile. Therefore, the simulation program is able to evaluate the possibility of path planning before actual operation. The simulation program is also used to study the compensation method for measuring machine and fixture errors. Finally, the path planning is performed on the real coordinate measuring machine to verify the tooth surface measurement planning. Machining deviations are accumulated in the bevel gear mold manufacturing process. These corrections can be obtained by analyzing the differences between the measurements of mold and molded gear with Ease-off method. The research can be applied to manufacture high precision molded gear. Study on measuring unknown gears without theoretical measuring data are included in this research, too. The flank coordinates can be obtained by minimizing the topographic error between fitting surface and unknown flank. It also can be applied in measuring gear mold and other kinds of gear without theoretical measuring data.
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Yuan, Wu Chung, and 吳崇源. "Simulation of cold forging of spiral bevel gear using finite element method." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72584596131702374489.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
機械與精密工程研究所
98
In this study, On the way of cold forging to make gears. the final spiral bevel gear which used cold forging has more rigidity to resist friction from auto transmission system than cutting. First, Using key word “spiral bevel gear”, on the USPTO database then explore the specified document to realize major technology and process to make spiral bevel gear. After that, Use PRO/ENGINEER to design spiral bevel gear mold and DEFORM to analyze cold forging. Finally, I make the tests of stress、strain、velocity analysis and die stress distribution from forgings. The model of tooth face downward with rotated plan is required less force than others. The model with capability of rotation also make direction of billet to fulfill mold cavity easier. The model of tooth face downward with rotated plan is required less force than others. The model with capability of rotation also make direction of billet to fulfill mold cavity easier.
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Yu, Neng-Chieh, and 游能傑. "Geometric Modeling and Multi-Axis Numerical Control Programming of Spiral Bevel Gear." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71156786314717525576.
Full textAbstract:
碩士正修科技大學
機電工程研究所
96
The spiral bevel gears drives have the characteristics of high transmission efficiency and low level of noise/vibration when compared with other types of gear mechanism. It has been increasingly popular in the industry and transmissions of helicopters, automobiles, etc. In this thesis, the method for design and machining of the spiral bevel gears are established according to the differential geometry and homogeneous coordinate transformation. The surface and solid model are built by CAD/CAM software. The interference-free toolpath and the cutter location of rough, semi-finish and finish machining for multi-axis NC machining are generated. The post-processor of five-axis machine tool with table tilting type is developed according to the kinematics. The post-processor converts the cutter location file into the NC code. The cutting simulations with solid model are performed to verify the toolpaths.