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1

Eren, Tuncay, and Aydin Akan. "Null Subcarrier Index Modulation in OFDM Systems for 6G and Beyond." Sensors 21, no. 21 (2021): 7263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21217263.

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Computational complexity is one of the drawbacks of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-index modulation (IM) systems. In this study, a novel IM technique is proposed for OFDM systems by considering the null subcarrier locations (NSC-OFDM-IM) within a predetermined group in the frequency domain. So far, a variety of index modulation techniques have been proposed for OFDM systems. However, they are almost always based on modulating the active subcarrier indices. We propose a novel index modulation technique by employing the part of the transmitted bit group into the null subcarrie
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Shalini, Ms, and Anoop Tiwari. "Overview of Beyond 4G-LTE Wireless Transmission Technologies." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 7, no. 6 (2019): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v7i6.5334.

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Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a promising applicant innovation for 5G cell systems. By and by MIMO-OFDM remote innovations are utilizing in 4G LTE development remote correspondence. This paper examine about the job of MIMO-OFDM and NOMA as principal contributing execution factors in past 4G LTE Remote Transmission Innovation from a specialized point of view. Long Term Evolution (LTE) utilizes Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) along with MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) reception apparatus innovation standard to accomplish high radio spectral efficiency and multi
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Sarker, Sohag, Laila Arzuman Ara, Tahsin Alam, and Tarun Debnath. "Design and Analysis of MIMO F-OFDM Systems for 5G and Beyond Wireless Communications." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 10, no. 2 (2021): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.b6274.0710221.

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F-OFDM (Filtered-OFDM) is a flexible waveform that has been considered suitable for 5G and beyond systems for its improved spectrum utilization, moderates PAPR, low OOB emission, multiple asynchronous sub-band transmission, and high robustness to frequency selectivity. It can attain a desirable balance between frequency and time localizations for narrow bandwidths. It is also MIMO friendly. In this paper, a comprehensive design and analysis have been made to evaluate the performance of MIMO (4×4) CP-OFDM and F-OFDM systems for message bits transmission using several digital modulation techniqu
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Sohag, Sarker, Arzuman Ara Laila, Alam Tahsin, and Debnath Tarun. "Design and Analysis of MIMO F-OFDM Systems for 5G and Beyond Wireless Communications." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 10, no. 2 (2021): 203–10. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.B6274.0710221.

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F-OFDM (Filtered-OFDM) is a flexible waveform that has been considered suitable for 5G and beyond systems for its improved spectrum utilization, moderates PAPR, low OOB emission, multiple asynchronous sub-band transmission, and high robustness to frequency selectivity. It can attain a desirable balance between frequency and time localizations for narrow bandwidths. It is also MIMO friendly. In this paper, a comprehensive design and analysis have been made to evaluate the performance of MIMO (4×4) CP-OFDM and F-OFDM systems for message bits transmission using several digital modulation te
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Arslan, Huseyin, Kwang-Cheng Chen, and Petri Mähönen. "Radio Access Beyond OFDM(A)." Physical Communication 11 (June 2014): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phycom.2014.04.002.

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Diniz, Paulo S. R., Wallace A. Martins, and Markus V. S. Lima. "Block Transceivers: OFDM and Beyond." Synthesis Lectures on Communications 5, no. 1 (2012): 1–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2200/s00424ed1v01y201206com007.

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7

Wang, Chunyan. "Beyond 3G Techniques of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing and Performance Analysis via Simulation." International Journal of Advanced Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing 3, no. 3 (2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/japuc.2011070101.

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As one of the techniques beyond 3G, because of the effective performance of high spectrum utilization and anti-fading for frequency selecting and adopted multi-carrier modulation technique that meets the requirement of the explosive traffic capacity, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has carried great weight in wireless communications. This paper expounds OFDM technical characteristics and performs computer simulation on the OFDM system based on Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) by means MATLAB. During the course of simulation, comparison between OFDM and traditional single
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8

Yang, Xianzhen, Siyuan Yan, Xiao Li, and Fu Li. "A Unified Spectrum Formulation for OFDM, FBMC, and F-OFDM." Electronics 9, no. 8 (2020): 1285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081285.

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Although orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been standardized for 5G, filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC) and filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (F-OFDM) remain competitive as candidates for future generations of wireless technologies beyond 5G, due to their reduced spectrum leakage and thus enhanced spectrum efficiency. In this article, we developed a unified spectrum expression for OFDM, FBMC, and F-OFDM, which provides comparative insights into those techniques. A representative sideband quantification is included at the end of this article.
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K., Sangeetha, Vishnuvardhan Reddy Goli, Jahnavi Korasiga, and Navya Medi. "Comparative BER Analysis of 5G and Beyond-5G Modulations for High-Speed Vehicular Communication." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) 9, no. 2 (2024): 5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10725560.

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The orthogonal time-frequency-space modulation technique proves to be a promising modulation scheme for beyond-5G communication systems. Its notable advantage lies in achieving a low bit error rate in the delay Doppler region, which is a significant improvement over traditional 5G OFDM systems that are prone to problems such as high BER and multipath fading. Our research focuses on modeling BER for OFDM and OTFS with the aim of conducting a comprehensive comparison of their performance. Our results show that OTFS consistently exhibits reduced BER in contrast to standard OFDM systems. This show
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10

H. Ali, Mohammed, and Noora H. Sherif. "Design and Implementation of Adaptive Universal Filtered Multi Carrier for 5G and Beyond." International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security 14, no. 6 (2022): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijcnis.2022.06.02.

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The current generation (5G) mobile communication system promises to accommodate a wide range of new applications and use scenarios, resulting in more flexible and unified connection. To satisfy the required criteria, the current waveform was replaced with new UF-OFDM, which combines the advantages of OFDM with enhanced spectral characteristics and greater resilience against time-frequency misalignments. However, its biggest disadvantage is the transmitter's computational complexity, which may be up to two hundred times that of OFDM if there is no reduction in complexity. The majority of curren
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Mohamed, Hussien Mohamed Nerma, and Mohamed Ahmed Abdo Adam. "The integration of discrete contourlet transform in OFDM framework for future wireless communication." International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology 14, no. 1 (2025): 182–94. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijict.v14i1.pp182-194.

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In the upcoming era, the forthcoming sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication network will demand highly efficient technology to support extensive capacity, ultra-high speeds, low latency, scalability, and adaptability. While the current fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication system relies on OFDM technology, the evolution towards a beyond 5G wireless communication system necessitates a new OFDM framework. This study introduces a novel OFDM system that integrates the discrete Contourlet transform. A comparative analysis has been conducted among the proposed system, conventional OFDM,
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12

Juwono, Filbert H., and Regina Reine. "Future OFDM-based Communication Systems Towards 6G and Beyond: Machine Learning Approaches." Green Intelligent Systems and Applications 1, no. 1 (2021): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53623/gisa.v1i1.34.

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The vision towards 6G and beyond communication systems demands higher rate transmission, massive amount of data processing, and low latency communication. Orthogonal Frequency Division Modulation (OFDM) has been adopted in the current 5G networks and has become one of the potential candidates for the future communication systems. Although OFDM offers many benefits including high spectrum efficiency and high robustness against the multipath fading channels, it has major challenges such as frequency offset and high Peak to Power Ratio (PAPR). In 5G communication network, there is a significant i
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Mohamed Nerma, Mohamed Hussien, and Adam Mohamed Ahmed Abdo. "The integration of discrete contourlet transform in OFDM framework for future wireless communication." International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT) 14, no. 1 (2025): 182. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijict.v14i1.pp182-194.

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<p>In the upcoming era, the forthcoming sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication network will demand highly efficient technology to support extensive capacity, ultra-high speeds, low latency, scalability, and adaptability. While the current fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication system relies on OFDM technology, the evolution towards a beyond 5G wireless communication system necessitates a new OFDM framework. This study introduces a novel OFDM system that integrates the discrete Contourlet transform. A comparative analysis has been conducted among the proposed system, conventio
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14

Dumari, Hise Teferi, Demissie Jobir Gelmecha, Rajeev K. Shakya, and Ram Sewak Singh. "BER and PSD Improvement of FBMC with Higher Order QAM Using Hermite Filter for 5G Wireless Communication and beyond." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2023 (January 9, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/7232488.

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Nowadays, multicarrier modulation schemes are being widely used in wireless communication system than single-carrier modulation techniques. Single-carrier modulation schemes are less capable of dealing with multipath fading channels than multicarrier modulation schemes, which results in lower spectral efficiency. Multicarrier modulation schemes have the ability to overcome multipath fading channels. Multicarrier modulation technique currently used in 4G technology in many countries is OFDM and it is easy for implementation, immune to interference, and provide fast data rate. However, the risin
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15

Okoyeigbo, Obinna, Xutao Deng, Agbotiname Lucky Imoize, and Olamilekan Shobayo. "OTFS: A Potential Waveform for Space–Air–Ground Integrated Networks in 6G and Beyond." Telecom 6, no. 1 (2025): 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/telecom6010019.

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6G is expected to provide ubiquitous connectivity, particularly in remote and inaccessible environments, by integrating satellite and aerial networks with existing terrestrial networks, forming Space–Air–Ground Integrated Networks (SAGINs). These networks, comprising satellites, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and high-speed terrestrial networks, introduce severe Doppler effects due to high mobility. Traditional modulation techniques like Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) struggle to maintain reliable communication under such conditions. This paper investigates Orthogonal Time
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16

Schmogrow, R., M. Winter, D. Hillerkuss, et al. "Real-time OFDM transmitter beyond 100 Gbit/s." Optics Express 19, no. 13 (2011): 12740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.012740.

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17

Tusha, Armed, Seda Dogan, and Huseyin Arslan. "A Hybrid Downlink NOMA With OFDM and OFDM-IM for Beyond 5G Wireless Networks." IEEE Signal Processing Letters 27 (2020): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2020.2979059.

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18

Martins, João, Filipe Conceição, Marco Gomes, Vitor Silva, and Rui Dinis. "Joint Channel Estimation and Synchronization Techniques for Time-Interleaved Block-Windowed Burst OFDM." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (2021): 4403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104403.

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From a conceptual perspective, beyond-5G technologies promise to deliver very low latency, even higher data rates, and ultrareliable connections for future generations of communication systems. Modulation schemes based on orthogonal frequency-domain multiplexing (OFDM) can accommodate these requirements for wireless systems. Several hybrid OFDM-based systems, such as the time-interleaved block-windowed burst–OFDM (TIBWB–OFDM), are capable of achieving even better spectral confinement and power efficiency. This paper addresses the implementation of the TIBWB–OFDM system in more realistic and pr
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19

Luo, Jian, Wilhelm Keusgen, and Andreas Kortke. "Efficient Joint Estimation and Compensation of CFO, Tx/Rx Frequency-Selective I/Q Imbalance, and the MIMO Radio Channel in OFDM Systems." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/679032.

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MIMO OFDM is a very promising technique for future wireless communication systems. By applying direct conversion architecture, low-cost, low-power, small size, and flexible implementation of MIMO OFDM systems can be realized. However, the performance of direct conversion architecture-based MIMO OFDM systems can be seriously affected by RF impairments incling carrier frequency offset (CFO) and I/Q-imbalance. While OFDM is sensitive to CFO, direct conversion architecture is sensitive to I/Q imbalance. Such RF impairments aggravate as the carrier frequency becomes higher for example, beyond 60 GH
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20

Mounir, Mohamed, Mohamed Bakry El Mashade, Ashraf Mohamed Aboshosha, and Mohamed Ibrahim Youssef. "Impact of HPA nonlinearity on the performance of power domain OFDM-NOMA system." Engineering Research Express 4, no. 2 (2022): 025004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ac5aa2.

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Abstract Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is expected to be used in beyond fifth-generation (B5G) and sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks to support ultra-massive connectivity. Since the two preceding mobile networks generations used orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), NOMA is expected to be combined with OFDM. Unfortunately, the OFDM signal suffers from a high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) that limits its performance as it passes through the nonlinear high power amplifier (HPA). In literature, few works have studied the effect of nonlinear distortion on OFDM-NOMA. F
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21

Baig, Imran, Umer Farooq, Najam Ul Hasan, Manaf Zghaibeh, and Varun Jeoti. "A Multi-Carrier Waveform Design for 5G and beyond Communication Systems." Mathematics 8, no. 9 (2020): 1466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8091466.

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The next generation communication network (NGCN) is expected to provide higher spectral efficiency, low latency, large throughput and massive machine-to-machine type communications. In this regard, the design of the multi-carrier waveform (MCW) is posing a major research problem for the NGCN. To overcome the stated problem, a lot of state-of-the-art work exists that proposes various MCW alternative to the standard orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform. It is true that OFDM was used in a number of real-time communication systems of fourth generation (4G) networks. However,
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22

K. Mohammed, Raya, and Nasser N. Khamiss. "Hybrid Multiple Access Techniques Performance Analysis Of Dynamic Resource Allocation." Iraqi Journal of Information and Communication Technology 7, no. 1 (2024): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31987/ijict.7.1.243.

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The Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) and the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) are promising techniques for next-generation wireless systems. Although much attention in the literature considered these techniques, an effective combination between such systems as hybrid multiple access (HMA) needs more attention. For this reason, this paper devotes to proposing two different scenarios of HMA using multi-user OFDM (MU-OFDM) and power domain (PD) NOMA for downlink transmission to overcome the limitations of both Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) and NOMA. Due to the randomn
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23

Mounir, Mohamed, Mohamed B. El_Mashade, Salah Berra, Gurjot Singh Gaba, and Mehedi Masud. "A Novel Hybrid Precoding-Companding Technique for Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction in 5G and beyond." Sensors 21, no. 4 (2021): 1410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041410.

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Several high-speed wireless systems use Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) due to its advantages. 5G has adopted OFDM and is expected to be considered beyond 5G (B5G). Meanwhile, OFDM has a high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) problem. Hybridization between two PAPR reduction techniques gains the two techniques’ advantages. Hybrid precoding-companding techniques are attractive as they require small computational complexity to achieve high PAPR reduction gain. Many precoding-companding techniques were introduced to increasing the PAPR reduction gain. However, reducing Bit Erro
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Essai Ali, Mohamed Hassan, Ali R. Abdellah, Hany A. Atallah, Gehad Safwat Ahmed, Ammar Muthanna, and Andrey Koucheryavy. "Deep Learning Peephole LSTM Neural Network-Based Channel State Estimators for OFDM 5G and Beyond Networks." Mathematics 11, no. 15 (2023): 3386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11153386.

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This study uses deep learning (DL) techniques for pilot-based channel estimation in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Conventional channel estimators in pilot-symbol-aided OFDM systems suffer from performance degradation, especially in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regions, due to noise amplification in the estimation process, intercarrier interference, a lack of primary channel data, and poor performance with few pilots, although they exhibit lower complexity and require implicit knowledge of the channel statistics. A new method for estimating channels using DL with peephol
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Farhang-Boroujeny, Behrouz. "Filter Bank Multicarrier Modulation: A Waveform Candidate for 5G and Beyond." Advances in Electrical Engineering 2014 (December 21, 2014): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/482805.

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Recent discussions on viable technologies for 5G emphasize on the need for waveforms with better spectral containment per subcarrier than the celebrated orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) is an alternative technology that can serve this need. Subcarrier waveforms are built based on a prototype filter that is designed with this emphasis in mind. This paper presents a broad review of the research work done in the wireless laboratory of the University of Utah in the past 15 years. It also relates this research to the works done by other researchers.
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Zhang, Ying, Wenwen Wang, Huan Xie, Shu Du, Mei Ma, and Qi Zeng. "Wireless Multi-Node uRLLc B5G/6G Networks for Critical Services in Electrical Power Systems." Energies 15, no. 24 (2022): 9437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249437.

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The successful operations of power system require the support of communication networks with massive nodes access and two-way reliable and latency-critical transmission, which is the most-important use case of ultra-reliable low-latency communications (uRLLc) in the Fifth-Generation and Beyond and Sixth-Generation (B5G/6G) networks. In this paper, based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal in 5G, a new OFDM employing the hopped subcarrier technique (OFDM/FH) is proposed to attain the multiple nodes connectivity and the enhancement of transmission reliability. Conside
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Premnath, Sriram N., Daryl Wasden, Sneha K. Kasera, Neal Patwari, and Behrouz Farhang-Boroujeny. "Beyond OFDM: Best-Effort Dynamic Spectrum Access Using Filterbank Multicarrier." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 21, no. 3 (2013): 869–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2012.2213344.

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Pekoz, Berker, Zekeriyya Esat Ankarali, Selcuk Kose, and Huseyin Arslan. "Non-Redundant OFDM Receiver Windowing for 5G Frames and Beyond." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 69, no. 1 (2020): 676–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2019.2953233.

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Van Nee, Richard, V. K. Jones, Geert Awater, Allert Van Zelst, James Gardner, and Greg Steele. "The 802.11n MIMO-OFDM Standard for Wireless LAN and Beyond." Wireless Personal Communications 37, no. 3-4 (2006): 445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-006-9073-2.

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Idrees, Nazar Muhammad, Zijie Lu, Muhammad Saqlain, et al. "A W-Band Communication and Sensing Convergence System Enabled by Single OFDM Waveform." Micromachines 13, no. 2 (2022): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13020312.

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Convergence of communication and sensing is highly desirable for future wireless systems. This paper presents a converged millimeter-wave system using a single orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform and proposes a novel method, based on the zero-delay shift for the received echoes, to extend the sensing range beyond the cyclic prefix interval (CPI). Both simulation and proof-of-concept experiments evaluate the performance of the proposed system at 97 GHz. The experiment uses a W-band heterodyne structure to transmit/receive an OFDM waveform featuring 3.9 GHz bandwidth with
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Oyegoke, M. A., and Y. O. Olasoji. "PAPR Reduction in OFDM Systems Using Hybrid Zadoff-Chu Transform Precoding and Partial Transmit Sequence." European Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 5, no. 5 (2021): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejece.2021.5.5.362.

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Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a multicarrier modulation (MCM) scheme that plays a significant role in digital wireless communication. As a result of its high data rate capability and immunity to multipath fading effect, among others, OFDM remains an ideal technology for 5G communication systems and beyond. Unfortunately, a major drawback of this technology is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Nevertheless, many techniques for reducing PAPR have been proposed in the past to address this problem. However, all the techniques previously used have limitations such
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Muslim, Bin, Muntazir Hussain, Usman Hashmi, A. Aneesullah, Muhammad Aamir, and Ali Zahir. "Performance evaluation of a multicarrier MIMO system based on DFT-precoding and subcarrier mapping." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 35, no. 2 (2022): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee2202253m.

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The ever-increasing end user demands are instigating the development of innovative methods targeting not only data rate enhancement but additionally better service quality in each subsequent wireless communication standard. This quest to achieve higher data rates has compelled the next generation communication technologies to use multicarrier systems e.g. orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), while also relying on the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. This paper is focused on implementing a MIMO-OFDM system and on using various techniques to optimize it in terms of
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Otsuka, Hiroyuki, Ruxiao Tian, and Koki Senda. "Transmission Performance of an OFDM-Based Higher-Order Modulation Scheme in Multipath Fading Channels." Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 8, no. 2 (2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jsan8020019.

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Fifth-generation (5G) mobile systems are a necessary step toward successfully achieving further increases in data rates. As the use of higher-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is expected to increase data rates within a limited bandwidth, we propose a method for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based 1024- and 4096-QAM transmission with soft-decision Viterbi decoding for use in 5G mobile systems. Through evaluation of the transmission performance of the proposed method over multipath fading channels using link-level simulations, we determine the bit error rate (BER)
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Qasaymeh, Mahmoud M. "A Novel Machine Learning Approach for Blind Carrier Offset Estimation in OFDM Systems." International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering & Telecommunications 13, no. 4 (2024): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijeetc.13.4.286-292.

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As wireless networks continue to evolve with the emergence of sixth-generation networks and beyond, OFDM technology is expected to be an essential system component for providing reliable connectivity in an increasingly complex environment. Its high spectrum efficiency, efficiency against impulse noise, and resilience against frequency-selective multipath fading channels make it an invaluable component. Although OFDM technology has various capabilities and uses and is widely used, it has some issues and challenges, and one of these challenges is Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO). The CFO destroys
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Zhang, Lei, Ayesha Ijaz, Pei Xiao, Mehdi M. Molu, and Rahim Tafazolli. "Filtered OFDM Systems, Algorithms, and Performance Analysis for 5G and Beyond." IEEE Transactions on Communications 66, no. 3 (2018): 1205–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2017.2771242.

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N, Sharan, Suma V. Shetty, and Dr H. C. Sateesh Kumar. "Digital Modulation in Modern Communication Systems." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 04 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem43721.

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Digital modulation is a fundamental technology in modern communication systems, enabling efficient and reliable data transmission over wired and wireless networks. Compared to analog modulation, digital techniques such as Phase Shift Keying (PSK), Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) offer higher data rates, superior noise immunity, and better spectral efficiency. These advantages make digital modulation essential for applications in mobile communication, satellite systems, and the Internet of Things (IoT). Additionally, digital modulatio
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Hammed, Zainab Sh, and Siddeeq Y. Ameen. "Performance Evaluation of mm-Wave Based System in GFDM- 5G and Beyond Channel Model with Dust Storm Scenario." EMITTER International Journal of Engineering Technology 12, no. 1 (2024): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24003/emitter.v12i1.839.

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Telecommunication has made tremendous improvements in terms of bandwidth, requiring good frequency location, high data rates, and wideband spectrum availability. One solution to these requirements is the millimeter wave frequency band of 30 GHz. However, communication in this band is facing new challenges due to climate effects such as humidity, dust storms, and temperature. For fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks and beyond, Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM) has been proposed as a compelling candidate to substitute Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). The GFDM
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Padmavathil, T., Kusma Kumari Cheepurupalli, and R. Madhu. "Evaluation of FBMC Channel Estimation using multiple Auxiliary symbols for high throughput and low BER 5G and beyond communications." Infocommunications journal 16, no. 2 (2024): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36244/icj.2024.2.4.

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Filter Bank Multi-Carrier (FBMC) modulation has been recognized as a consistent contender and a possible successor for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) in 5G and beyond because of its outstanding spectral properties. The channel is assessed in FBMC using pilot-symbol aided channel estimation that provides robust estimates even for severe channel conditions. In the present work, neutraliz ing the imaginary interference at the pilot positions is focused while estimating the channel. To neutralize the imaginary in terference, multiple auxiliary symbols have been proposed to enhan
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Sârbu, Annamaria, Dorin Alexandrescu, and Cornelia Galben. "Prospects of Troposcatter Systems in Military Communication Networks." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 31, no. 3 (2025): 142–48. https://doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2025-0090.

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Abstract In modern military operations, ensuring resilient and secure communications in contested or infrastructure-deficient environments remains a strategic priority. Tropospheric scatter systems (troposcatter) are regaining attention due to their ability to provide beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) connectivity without relying on satellites or terrestrial infrastructure. This paper explores the role of troposcatter systems in military communication networks, presents the current capabilities of troposcatter systems and provides insights into advancements of this technology such as adaptive beamfo
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Kwame S Ibwe. "Noise Subspace Channel Estimation Algorithm for OFDM Systems." Tanzania Journal of Science 51, no. 1 (2025): 152–68. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjs.v51i1.11.

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In this paper, a novel blind channel estimator for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) affected by unknown impulsive interference is proposed. Unlike conventional subspace-based methods, this approach combines noise subspace decomposition with eigenvalue filtering to enhance interference suppression and improve channel estimation accuracy. The proposed technique ensures precise estimation of the covariance matrix, which is critical for reliable channel state information (CSI) retrieval. Moreover, by incorporating the presence of virtual subcarriers, the method further refines the
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Le, Ha An, Trinh Van Chien, Tien Hoa Nguyen, Hyunseung Choo, and Van Duc Nguyen. "Machine Learning-Based 5G-and-Beyond Channel Estimation for MIMO-OFDM Communication Systems." Sensors 21, no. 14 (2021): 4861. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144861.

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Channel estimation plays a critical role in the system performance of wireless networks. In addition, deep learning has demonstrated significant improvements in enhancing the communication reliability and reducing the computational complexity of 5G-and-beyond networks. Even though least squares (LS) estimation is popularly used to obtain channel estimates due to its low cost without any prior statistical information regarding the channel, this method has relatively high estimation error. This paper proposes a new channel estimation architecture with the assistance of deep learning in order to
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Arslan, Huseyin, and Mustafa E. Scahin. "Cognitive UWB-OFDM: Pushing ultra-wideband beyond its limit via opportunistic spectrum usage." Journal of Communications and Networks 8, no. 2 (2006): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jcn.2006.6182741.

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Jo, Han-Shin, Hyun-Goo Yoon, Jaewoo Lim, Woo-Ghee Chung, Jong-Gwan Yook, and Han-Kyu Park. "The coexistence of OFDM-based systems beyond 3G with fixed service microwave systems." Journal of Communications and Networks 8, no. 2 (2006): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jcn.2006.6182747.

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Djordjevic, Ivan, Hussam G. Batshon, Lei Xu, and Ting Wang. "Four-dimensional optical multiband-OFDM for beyond 14 Tb/s serial optical transmission." Optics Express 19, no. 2 (2011): 876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.000876.

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Chuang, J., and N. Sollenberger. "Beyond 3G: wideband wireless data access based on OFDM and dynamic packet assignment." IEEE Communications Magazine 38, no. 7 (2000): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/35.852035.

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Liu, Y., T. Weber, and W. Zirwas. "Uplink performance investigations of the service area based beyond 3G system JOINT." Advances in Radio Science 3 (May 12, 2005): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-3-253-2005.

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Abstract. The joint transmission and detection integrated network (JOINT) is a novel OFDM-based vNP00 air interface solution for beyond 3G (B3G) mobile radio communications systems WMSL02. JOINT aims at eliminating the multiple access interference (MAI) and improving the system capacity by the application of MIMO techniques applied in the service area (SA) based system architecture. In a SA based structure the intra-SA multiple access interference (MAI) can be easily combated by algorithms like, e.g., joint detection (JD) Kle96,Ver98 in the uplink. The parameters like, e.g., the SA size, the s
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Yadav, Shatrughna Prasad. "Filter Bank Multicarrier Modulation Techniques for 5G and Beyond Wireless Communication Systems." European Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6, no. 2 (2022): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejece.2022.6.2.423.

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Higher data rates, higher mobility, lower latency, and better quality of service are the prime requirements for future communication systems. It is expected to provide connectivity to the Internet of everything, time-sensitive/time-engineered application, and service to high-fidelity holographic society. Its performance in terms of data rate, latency, synchronization, security, and reliability will be much better compared to 4G and 5G mobile communication systems. This paper investigates the performance of the pulse shaping-based filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) modulation technique used in 5G
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Ahmad, Hasan, Motakabber Sam, Hadi Habaebi Mohamed, and Anwar Farhat. "An adaptive channel estimation scheme based on redundancy minimization for filtered OFDM networks." TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control) 21, no. 1 (2023): 70–76. https://doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v21i1.24258.

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Filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (F-OFDM), a technology which is being considered as a promising platform for beyond 4G era is expected to help deliver the new features at millimeter wave in the new 5<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;generation of cellular communication. Some of its key features notably better spectral utilization, enhanced throughput and immunity to interference can be enabling for the new cellular standards. These features of filtered OFDM comes with strict requirements of filter design, guard tone managements, and efficient channel state information harness. This paper
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Mohammady, Somayeh, Ronan Farrell, David Malone, and John Dooley. "Performance Investigation of Peak Shrinking and Interpolating the PAPR Reduction Technique for LTE-Advance and 5G Signals." Information 11, no. 1 (2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11010020.

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Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has become an indispensable part of waveform generation in wideband digital communication since its first appearance in digital audio broadcasting (DAB) in Europe in 1980s, and it is indeed in use. As has been seen, the OFDM based waveforms work well with time division duplex operation in new radio (NR) systems in 5G systems, supporting delay-sensitive applications, high spectral efficiency, massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) compatibility, and ever-larger bandwidth signals, which has demonstrated successful commercial implementation
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Schmogrow, R., M. Winter, M. Meyer, et al. "Real-time Nyquist pulse generation beyond 100 Gbit/s and its relation to OFDM." Optics Express 20, no. 1 (2011): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.000317.

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