Academic literature on the topic 'Bhatra (Indic people)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bhatra (Indic people)"
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Zubair, Sabah, and Sumit Kumar. "Dantha Bhagya Scheme-A Way Forward for People with Edentulism in India." National Journal of Community Medicine 13, no. 05 (May 31, 2022): 346–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.55489/njcm.13052022686.
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Oral health problems are emerging as one of the major public health concerns. Elderly people have to face many difficulties in utilizing oral health services, especially the below-the-poverty-line population. Taking into Consideration Dantha Bhagya Yojana was launched in Karnataka, for the Below poverty line population as dental services are highly-priced. Databases, media articles, and government official websites providing information regarding Dantha Bhagya Yojana were considered. The scheme aims to provide complete and partial dentures to the senior citizens of Karnataka, belonging to the below poverty line category. The program works under public-private partnership lines and is proving to be helpful to the beneficiaries in Karnataka province. These services are made available in public as well as private dental colleges of Karnataka. The community healthcare workers' role is to identify the edentulous patients and refer them to the nearby dental college for treatment.
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Panda, Taranisen, Nirlipta Mishra, Shaikh Rahimuddin, Bikram K. Pradhan, and Raj B. Mohanty. "An annotated checklist of weed flora in Odisha, India." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 27, no. 1 (June 14, 2020): 85–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v27i1.47571.
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This study consolidated our understanding on the weeds of Bhadrak district, Odisha, India based on both bibliographic sources and field studies. A total of 277species of weed taxa belonging to 198 genera and 65 families are reported from the study area. About 95.7% of these weed taxa are distributed across six major superorders; the Lamids and Malvids constitute 43.3% with 60 species each, followed by Commenilids (56 species), Fabids (48 species), Companulids (23 species) and Monocots (18 species). Asteraceae, Poaceae, and Fabaceae are best represented. Forbs are the most represented (50.5%), followed by shrubs (15.2%), climber (11.2%), grasses (10.8%), sedges (6.5%) and legumes (5.8%). Annuals comprised about 57.5% and the remaining are perennials. As per Raunkiaer classification, the therophytes is the most dominant class with 135 plant species (48.7%).The use of weed for different purposes as indicated by local people is also discussed. This study provides a comprehensive and updated checklist of the weed speciesof Bhadrak district which will serve as a tool for conservation of the local biodiversity.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(1): 85-101, 2020 (June)
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Panda, Taranisen, Nirlipta Mishra, Shaik Rahimuddin, Bikram K. Pradhan, and Raj B. Mohanty. "Bamboo: A Source of Multiple Uses for Adoption as an Alternative Livelihood in Odisha, India." Journal of Tropical Biology & Conservation (JTBC) 19 (October 15, 2022): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.51200/jtbc.v19i.3937.
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Despite becoming one of the most valuable resources, the role of bamboo in livelihoods and rural development is poorly understood. The present study documents the indigenous utilization pattern of bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad ex Wendl.) and its significance in the social, cultural and religious life of the people of Bhadrak district, Odisha, India. An exploratory assessment was made from 71 informants through field surveys, literature consultations and key informant interviews. Plant parts such as culms are used for various purposes including construction, handicraft, fencing, musical instruments, as well as in rituals and ceremonies. Leaves are mostly used as fodder. This plant has been instrumental for indigenous people by providing them substantial livelihood through their own indigenous wisdom, from collection to the processing of products. Proper training with modern technology, financial assistance to develop infrastructure, as well as proper marketing of products will encourage more earning opportunities among rural people of the said district.
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Panda, Taranisen, Nirlipta Mishra, Shaikh Rahimuddin, Bikram Kumar Pradhan, Srusti Dhar Rout, and Raj Ballav Mohanty. "Folk medicine used for the treatment of gynaecological disorders in rural areas of Bhadrak district, Odisha, India." Botanica 24, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2018-0013.
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Abstract Panda T., Mishra N., Rahimuddin S., Pradhan B.K., Rout S.D., Mohanty R.B., 2018: Folk medicine used for the treatment of gynaecological disorders in rural areas of Bhadrak district, Odisha, India. - Botanica, 24(2): 132-142. Folk knowledge of the people in a given community has developed over time and is based on experience often tested over centuries of use, adapted to the local culture and environment and held by individuals or communities. This knowledge on resource utilization by human beings for medicinal purposes might have been established by trial and error, accumulated over thousands of years and often becomes encoded in everyday cultural practices. This study addresses an ethno-medicinal investigation in the interior of Bhadrak district, Odisha, India to explore, document and preserve the traditional knowledge for therapeutic use against gynaecological disorders by local inhabitants. The study is primarily based on field surveys carried out in villages, where traditional healers provided information about plant species used as medicine. Data on the use of medicinal plants were collected using standard procedures. A total of 38 medicinal plant species belonging to 29 families were gathered and documented throughout the study period to cure gynaecological ailments of human being. The predominant families are Fabaceae, Apocynaceae and Amaranthaceae. The most widely accepted plant species for the management of gynaecological ailments are Achyranthes aspera, Adhatoda vasica, Asparagus racemosus, Boerhavia diffusa, Moringa oleifera, Phyllanthus emblica, Piper nigrum, Saraca asoca, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Zingiber officinale.
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Yulistiyanti, Yulistiyanti, Agnes Widyaningrum, Endang Yuliani Rahayu, and Katharina Rustipa. "Hybridity in Jhumpa Lahiri's a Temporary Matter." IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature 10, no. 2 (January 1, 2023): 1837–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v10i2.3145.
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This study aims to reveal hybridity and liminality in Jhumpa Lahiri's short story entitled A Temporary Matter. This research is a qualitative research with a postcolonial approach. The theory used in this research is postcolonialism theory by Homi K. Bhabha. The methods applied in this study include data collection methods and data analysis methods. The data obtained were taken from the speech of the characters and the narrator in the short story A Temporary Matter. Bhabha in The Location of Culture (1994) discusses hybridity in society during the post-colonial era and is applied to diaspora literature. Hybridity is related to human culture and identity. Culture and identity are formed dynamically, they experience development, progress, and decline according to conditions and circumstances. Diaspora literature is produced from the writings of people living outside the country and/or writings that contain diaspora experiences. In the process of hybridity, there is a gap between the two cultures. The gap is called liminality in which there is repression of the (colonial) past that is not revealed. One of the writers included into the category of diaspora writers is Jhumpa Lahiri. In A Temporary Matter, she shows the hybridity experienced by the two main characters of Indian descent living in the United States. They were husband and wife; Shukumar and Shoba. They experienced cultural adaptation to cultures outside India. In their lives, cultural mixing occurs. This mixture is seen in the food, clothing, and language they use. Between these mixtures, several gaps fill the transition. This is found in the main character's utterances.
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Naagarajan, R., and K. Jayavasuki. "Enrolment of Health Insurance by Cardiovascular Disease Affected Informal Industrial Workers in Coimbatore." Shanlax International Journal of Economics 7, no. 2 (March 15, 2019): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v7i2.313.
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Health care costs have risen drastically over few years, and any medical treatment can make a dent on individual’s savings but with the help of these special health insurance plans, an individual can give extra cushion to them and can come out good from these problems. Insurance may be described as a social device to reduce or eliminate the risk of life and property. Under the plan of insurance, a large number of people associate themselves by sharing risk, attached to an individual insurance plan that exclusively covers healthcare costs and is called Health Insurance. One possible solution to the above said problem was to reduce the financial barrier through health insurance. Unfortunately, currently only about 10 percent of the population protected under any health insurance coverage. The most are for employees in the formal (Ellis et al. 2000). The informal workers were unprotected and had to depend on those above poorly financed public sector or the expensive private sector to take care of its needs. The government is keen to increase the insurance coverage and has even introduced special health insurance packages for the poor (Times of India, 2003). Health insurance schemes are one way of guaranteeing access to health care services. Under such schemes ideally, people should apply for membership and be making monthly contributions so that in the event of any sickness; the health insurer will be able to meet the cost of medical care. Health insurance plays important role in healthcare service provision. It should again be noted that the health insurance market depends on policy interventions to balance supply side and demand side forces. Demand-side forces would naturally involve health insurance participation, and for credible policy interventions it may be important that those factors affecting participation be established (Mhere, 2013). Health insurance is the fast emerging as an important mechanism to finance the health care needs of the people. The need for an insurance system that works on the basic principle of pooling risks of unexpected costs of persons falling ill and needing hospitalization by charging a premium from a wider population base of the community (Bhatia and John, 2000). Work-related health problems result in an economic loss of four to six percent of gross domestic product for most countries. About 70 percent of workers does not have any insurance to compensate them in case of occupational disease and injuries.
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Haldar, Jatoveda, Rajesh Kamath, Kramer Stallone D’lima, and Jossil Nazareth. "An Assessment of the Economic Feasibility of Selected Surgeries in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department under Community-Based Health Insurance (CBHI) in a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India." Global Health 2021 (September 25, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1158533.
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Community-Based Health Insurance (CBHI) is a form of micro health insurance targeted at low-income groups that permits for grouping of assets to tackle the expenses of future, uncertain, health-related circumstances. According to the International Labour Organisation, more than 80% of India’s employed nonagricultural population is in the informal sector, implying that they are possibly excluded from receiving health insurance benefits. This is where CBHI comes into play, wherein groups of people belonging to a community define the demand and benefits and pool their resources to provide financial protection to all their members. This study aims to scrutinize the package prices sanctioned by these schemes and compare them with the cost incurred by the hospital. The expense pattern of three surgeries in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology was analysed under three insurance schemes: Arogya Bhagya Yojana, Arogya Karnataka, and Employees’ State Insurance Scheme. Methodology. A retrospective study was conducted in a 2,032-bedded tertiary care hospital in South India. Patients of abdominal hysterectomy, vaginal hysterectomy, and caesarean section surgeries covered by any of the insurance schemes mentioned above were a part of the inclusion criteria. The patient records were examined from the hospital’s Medical Records Department (MRD). The patients’ bills were assembled from the inpatient billing department to scrutinize all the expenses associated with each surgery. The variable costs include consumables, medicine, electricity and AC, diagnostics, blood bank materials, doctor’s fee, package differences, and others. In contrast, fixed costs include bed cost, equipment cost (purchase + annual maintenance cost), manpower cost-OT, manpower cost-nursing, and allocated indirect costs associated with the medical treatment. These were computed and compared with the package price of respective insurance schemes to determine if the schemes are profit-yielding schemes or loss-yielding schemes, using the data from the finance department. Results and Conclusion. It has been observed that the operating loss of the hospital for abdominal hysterectomy, vaginal hysterectomy, and caesarean section under CBHI schemes ranges between 7% and 36%. The highest loss was observed in Arogya Karnataka Scheme for caesarean section surgery (BPL patients). The amount received through these schemes is insufficient to cover the costs acquired by the hospital, let alone make a profit. However, under Arogya Bhagya and ESI Schemes, the hospital has made a profit in covering the variable costs for these surgeries. The study concludes that the hospital is running under loss due to the three Community-Based Health Insurance (CBHI) schemes.
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Baisil, Sharon, Shreyaswi Sathyanath, and Rashmi Kundapur. "Types of health insurance and its utilization in a primary, secondary and tertiary care setting in coastal Karnataka." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 5 (April 24, 2017): 1758. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20171797.
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Background: Health insurance as a tool to finance health care has very recently gained popularity in India. While health insurance has a long history, the upsurge in breadth of coverage can be explained by a serious effort by the Government to introduce health insurance for the poor in last four years. Objective of this study is to determine the types of health insurance prevalent in coastal Karnataka and to study its advantages in decreasing out of pocket expenditure.Methods: A cross sectional study was done among 450 patients by administering a validated questionnaire on health insurance with details, coverage amount, presence of APL or BPL card and utilization pattern with advantages to the patient from scheme.Results: Out of the 450 patients have been surveyed, 57% had availed health insurance. 35% of patients were benefited by sampoorna suraksha and 27.5% patients used KSHEMA health card. ESI and kadamba were least used. Unlimited slab was seen with aarogya bhagya and yashaswini schemes. 65% of APL category and only 35% of BPL had health insurance. 92.5% of the patients with health insurance surveyed used private hospitals for health assistance. In 25% of people, hospital visits increased due to health insurance. In 15% of patients the total expenditure on health has increased after obtaining health insurance.Conclusions: 57% of the patients had some form of health insurance. Sampoorna suraksha was the most commonly used scheme and health insurance was most commonly used for in patient care.
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Haines, Daniel. "Development, Citizenship, and the Bhakra–Nangal Dams in Postcolonial India, 1948–1952." Historical Journal, October 13, 2021, 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x21000625.
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Abstract Historians have done much to unpick the image of development in poor countries after the Second World War as a technocratic phenomenon driven by centralizing planners and advocates of modernization. Yet scholars have done less to ask how development interacted with other major aspects of decolonization, notably the transformation of colonial subjecthood to postcolonial citizenship. Using the case of the Bhakra–Nangal dam complex, constructed in northern India during the late 1940s to early 1950s, this article argues that a major development project impacted not just on economic growth and the extension of state power, but significantly influenced the integration of postcolonial India's diverse political territories. At the same time, ideas about development and citizenship both offered resources that technocrats and dam-displaced people alike could use to make arguments about the relationship between people, territory. and the state. Development was not a rarefied space that escaped politics while extending state power, but was entangled in the broader processes through which subjects of an empire became citizens of a postcolonial state.
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"Geographical Background of the Bhabar-Tarai Belt of Lower Assam District, India." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 5 (January 30, 2020): 1299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.e4983.018520.
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From geo-ecological point of view, the BhabarTarai belt bears immense significance as it considers as shelter belt for diverse species. It may be mentioned as a hub of interaction among all biota that holds life to sustain. Being a rich domain in respect of plant and animal species, the belt is composed by pebbles, sand, and silt with thick forest cover and ranges from dry disappearance river bed topography to wet, marshy land one. With an area of 3994.25 sq.km, Lower Assam district is also flourished by this notable structure of physiography out of which 89.24% are Tarai followed by 10.75% of Bhabar. Most of the area is covered by BTAD areas along withsignified Assam-Bhutan Boarder that support a great number of people with their associated livelihood compositions. For more details, there has made an attempt of analysis this important zone of physical features along with adopted form of belongingness of people to the area as well. The paper is prepared on the basis of both primary and secondary data and findings are represented with the help different digital cartographic techniques.
Books on the topic "Bhatra (Indic people)"
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author, Dhr̥talahare Santosha, and Maurya Sushamā author, eds. Bhatarā janajāti. Dillī: Bī. Āra. Pabliśiṅga Kôrporeśana, 2015.
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India, Anthropological Survey of, ed. Bhūmiyā Janajāti, eka adhyayana. Kolakātā: Bhāratīya Mānavavijñāna Sarvekshaṇa, 2007.
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Sinhā, Raṇajīta Kumāra. Bhūmiyā Janajāti, eka adhyayana. Kolakātā: Bhāratīya Mānavavijñāna Sarvekshaṇa, 2007.
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Mandala, Rāmasvarūpa Prasāda. Bhārata meṁ Bhuīṁyā ādima jāti kā udbhava evaṁ vikāsa kā itihāsa. Naī Dillī: Samyaka Prakāśana, 2015.
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Paramānanda, Paṭela, and Academy of Tribal Dialects & Culture (Orissa, India), eds. Śahīda Ratnā Nāẏaka: Bhūy̐ām svābhimāna prathama jāgrata praharī. Bhubaneśvara: Ādibāsī Bhāshā o Saṃskr̥ti Ekāḍemī, 2009.
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Sinhā, Raṇajīta Kumāra. Bhūmiyā Janajāti, eka adhyayana. Kolakātā: Bhāratīya Mānavavijñāna Sarvekshaṇa, 2007.
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Sinhā, Raṇajīta Kumāra. Bhūmiyā Janajāti, eka adhyayana. Kolakātā: Bhāratīya Mānavavijñāna Sarvekshaṇa, 2007.
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Aruṇa, Nāgendra Prasāda Dhyānī. Uttarākhaṇḍa ke Bhaṛoṃ kī suprasiddha lokagāthāem̐: Lokagāthāoṃ para ādhārita Hindī nāṭya rupāntara. Deharādūna: Vinasara Pabliśiṅga Kampanī, 2012.
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Miśra, Madanamohana. Araṇya humkāra: Aranya hunkar. Bhūbaneśvara: Paścimā Pablikeśansa, 2010.
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Ḍahāke, Vāsudeva. Osa jhālyā diśā. Puṇe: Deśamukha āṇi Kampanī Pabliśarsa, 2000.
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Britnell, Mark. "India—the march of Modicare." In Human: Solving the global workforce crisis in healthcare, 22–27. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198836520.003.0003.
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Ayushman Bharat, popularly referred to as ‘Modicare’, is the Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s plans to extend universal healthcare to half a billion people from the poorest 100 million families in India starting in 2018. Supporting this, India’s finance minister Arun Jaitley said in his Budget speech: ‘India cannot realize its demographic dividend without its citizens being healthy.’ The Indian government is now realizing that one of the biggest challenges among many in delivering Modicare will be to secure a workforce of sufficient scale and quality, which meets the needs of rural as well as urban areas. With a population of 1.3 billion, India is estimated to have a target of 4.6 million skilled healthcare workers. In this chapter, Mark Britnell looks at India as the country is working to make Modicare a reality.
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Anuratha, K., S. Sujeetha, J. M. Nandhini, B. Priya, and M. Paravthy. "#Vaccine: Using Hashtags from Indian Tweets to Capture and Analyse the Sentiments of People on Vaccination for Covid’19 Pandemic." In Recent Trends in Intensive Computing. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/apc210183.
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To prevent the public from pandemic Covid’19 the government of India has started the vaccination from mid of January 2021. The government has approved the two vaccines, Covishield from the university of Oxford and Covaxin from Bharat Biotech.The vaccination started with frontline workers and is further extended to common public prioritizing the elders of above 60 years and people aged 45 years above with co morbidities. Though many people have got benefitted from it there is still a group of people not convinced with the vaccination. We have carried out this work to analyze those Indian people sentiments on the vaccines through the hash tags of tweets. The results show that though majority of the community has a positive belief on the vaccines but some of them still express negative emotions.
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Ghosh, Sadhan Kumar. "Waste Management Under the Legal Framework in India." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 144–65. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0198-6.ch006.
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India, the second biggest country in the world, has nearly 1.25 million people living in 29 states and seven union territories covering an area of 3,287,000 sq. km. India's economy grew at an impressive 8.2% in the first quarter of 2018-19. Traditionally, India has the habit of reuse and recycling the materials wherever possible. As the city agglomeration is increasing the waste generation is increasing. The number of towns/cities have increased from 5,161 in 2001 to 7,935 in 2011, whereas the number of metropolitan cities having million plus population has increased from 35 to 53 number as per 2011 census. It is projected that half of India's population will live in cities by 2050. Waste management in India has been experiencing a paradigm shift through the establishment of Swachh Bharat Mission in urban and rural India in 2014 and the revision and establishment of waste management rules in six types of wastes including transboundary movement in 2016. This study presents the overall waste management scenario and the legal framework in India.
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Petersen, Anne Ring. "The artist as migrant worker." In Migration Into Art. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526121905.003.0004.
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Chapter 3 addresses an issue directly related to the institutional transformation of the art world explored in Chapter 2, namely how globalisation and migration have also changed the role and work of artists by providing many artists with new conditions of possibility for developing cross-cultural artistic practices. The chapter unpacks the issue of artists on the move today and seeks to answer the questions that the title implies: Have artists in demand on the global exhibition circuit become a kind of migrant workers in the international labour market of the global art world? If so, what kind of migrants are they? And what kind of artists? The careers and positions of selected artists from India – Bharti Kher, Rina Banerjee, Ravinder Reddy and Anish Kapoor – are used as examples to substantiate the chapter’s proposition that internationally renowned artists have in fact become a kind of migrant workers. Moreover, this change of conditions delivers a further blow to the myth of the artist as a detached creator, because it invites a more profound exploration of how the artist’s role has been reconfigured as that of a translator, mediator and bridge-builder between people and cultures.
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Dahiya, Surbhi. "The Hindustan Times Limited: Marching Forward with a Mission." In Indian Media Giants, 483–618. Oxford University PressDelhi, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190132620.003.0005.
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Abstract Hindustan Times—the very name itself exudes a subtle hue of intoxicating patriotism, and so has been its journey (quite peculiar, to say the least) on the path of truth telling, all through the 20th-century British Raj up until the political scenario of today. As the author analyses the genesis of this behemoth which began as a Delhi-centric paper by the Akalis in 1924, and recognized the presence of Sikh patriotism, following its trail which leads into 2019, she realizes that the organization has undergone a sea of changes, which are nothing short of revolutionary. The idea behind the start of the paper was to rouse the nationalistic sentiments among the masses through its writing. The Akalis also wanted to propagate the ideals of Sikhism through the paper to draw strength and inspiration from the ideals of Sikhism, so that they stayed motivated to fight for the cause of freedom. To reflect upon this and its subsequent effects, she looks into how the media house worked as a vehicle for change that sought to loosen the iron grip of the colonizers, and how it successfully soldiered on with its rousing words until India gained independence. No one could have predicted at the time that Hindustan Times was to become one of India’s most popular English dailies. The Hindustan Times changed ownership multiple times to finally stabilize under the patronage of the Birlas, who have since been the owners of the HT Group of companies. Post-independence, the chapter chronologically follows the changing patterns the organization undertook, as audience interests became important in a market that was fast moving from a social to a monetary field. Also mentioned at length are the motivations and inspiring stories of the people at HT, who derived from the past, and managed the group’s businesses in information, education, and entertainment in print (both newspapers and magazines), radio, and digital mediums, leading them to exponential growth and multifaceted diversification. The group has grown to establish a longstanding empire that has seen innumerable changes in various segments, and the author decodes this entire process by evaluating these changes in view of including design, layout, content, ownership, distribution, circulation, technology, geo-political launches, pricing strategies, visionary leadership, and changes in ownership. Additionally, the chapter talks about the impact of digitization on Hindustan Times and how they have adapted to it by modifying their growth and business models, making references to their annual reports and financial reviews. The author, in this book, seeks to analyse this roller coaster of a journey that has been undertaken by the HT Group after talking to Shobhana Bhartia, listing down her observations regarding the same. In presenting a holistic development map of Hindustan Times to her readers, the author gives them a glimpse of how India itself has progressed over the years.
Conference papers on the topic "Bhatra (Indic people)"
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Agrawal, Mahak. "A dream of open defecation free India? Decolonize and innovative urban sanitation to reach those left behind." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/nhny2991.
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India, a country now known as one of the world’s fastest-growing economy, continues to be inhabited by 40 per cent of the global population of open defecators. Nearly 536 million people in India defecate in the open every day. To rectify this multifaceted issue, Government of India launched the Clean India Mission, famously known as the Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan, in 2014. Sanitation became a national political priority for the first time in India. The Mission renewed a hope to address a myriad of issues associated with open defecation. But this hope has only been fulfilled partially in the past five years. The paper highlights the issue of open defecation with a case of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCTD), finding answers to one question: what is the role of an urban planner in liberating Indian cities, especially Delhi, from sanitation deprivation and open defecation. National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi is identified as the case area for the project for two prime reasons: one, the extent of sanitation deprivation in the city; and second, the administrative capital of India often forms a precedent for the rest of the nation. The paper is structured into three broad sections: first, the extent of sanitation deprivation in urban India and analysis of policies- planning and non-planning, formulated in response to the issue, is highlighted. Second, the extent of the issue is investigated for the case of Delhi in context of policy frameworks; third, urban narratives of sanitation deprivation captured across select six clusters of jhuggi jhompri1 in the National Capital Territory are highlighted to exhibit differences in access and use of sanitation facilities, in context of the pan-India Clean India Mission. The paper concludes at a note of hope- envisioning a city and a country where no one is deprived of their basic human right to improved sanitation, or has to defecate in the open, and also details out implementable strategies and policies for Delhi and urban India.
Reports on the topic "Bhatra (Indic people)"
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Iyer, R., J. P. Shulka, and A. Verma. Community Leave No One Behind: Lessons from a Pilot. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.014.
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In 2020, WSSCC’s India Support Unit (now UNOPS) piloted a new participatory approach called Community Leave No One Behind (CLNOB) to support the Swachh Bharat Mission Grameen (SBM-G) Phase II. The pilot took place in five districts in India (Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh, Ranchi in Jharkhand, Kamrup in Assam, South 24 Paragnas in West Bengal and Purnea in Bihar). A Prerak (facilitator) was appointed in each district to support this process and work within villages at community level. The Sanitation Learning Hub supported an accompanying learning component of the pilot, facilitating learning sessions between the preraks and the development of a Handbook based on the experience. This learning brief outlines the purpose of CLNOB, the actions generated by the pilot and our reflections of the CLNOB approach. The CLNOB Handbook, a handbook on Community Leave No One Behind, accompanies this Learning Brief. CLNOB was designed to ensure a participatory method to enable sustained access to safely managed sanitation facilities for people who have been ‘left behind’ or left out of the first phase of India’s national sanitation campaign.
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Mehrotra, Santosh. Monitoring India’s National Sanitation Campaign (2014–2020). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.011.
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In 2011, India had more phone users (around 54 per cent of households) and television access (33 per cent) in rural areas than people with access to tap water (31 per cent) and toilet facilities (31 per cent), according to Census 2011. This clearly indicates the failure of government programmes to change the centuries-old practice of defecation in the open. This neglect of safe sanitation has had catastrophic outcomes in terms of human well-being. This case study is an analysis of the latest central government Swachch Bharat Mission - Gramin (Clean India Mission - Rural) (or SBM-G), which has achieved much greater success than any hitherto government effort in providing access to and use of toilets, especially in rural areas where the need is greatest. However, any conception of achieving ODF status, or free of open defecation, in a village (or any limited geography) is more than merely building toilets. The Sanitation Learning Hub commissioned case studies of sanitation campaigns in both India and Nepal, drawing out the lessons learnt for other countries wishing to implement similar initiatives. Both case studies focus on how target setting and feedback and reporting mechanisms can be used to increase the quality of campaigns.
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Pickard, Justin, Shilpi Srivastava, Mihir R. Bhatt, and Lyla Mehta. SSHAP In-Focus: COVID-19, Uncertainty, Vulnerability and Recovery in India. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.011.
Full textAbstract:
This paper addresses COVID-19 in India, looking at how the interplay of inequality, vulnerability, and the pandemic has compounded uncertainties for poor and marginalised groups, leading to insecurity, stigma and a severe loss of livelihoods. A strict government lockdown destroyed the incomes of farmers and urban informal workers and triggered an exodus of migrant workers from Indian cities, a mass movement which placed additional pressures on the country's rural communities. Elsewhere in the country, lockdown restrictions and pandemic response have coincided with heatwaves, floods and cyclones, impeding disaster response and relief. At the same time, the pandemic has been politicised to target minority groups (such as Muslims, Dalits), suppress dissent, and undermine constitutional values. The paper focuses on how COVID-19 has intersected with and multiplied existing uncertainties faced by different vulnerable groups and communities in India who have remained largely invisible in India's development story. With the biggest challenge for government now being to mitigate the further fall of millions of people into extreme poverty, the brief also reflects on pathways for recovery and transformation, including opportunities for rural revival, inclusive welfare, and community response. This brief is based on a review of existing published and grey literature, and 23 interviews with experts and practitioners from 12 states in India, including representation from domestic and international NGOs, and local civil society organisations. It was developed for the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) by Justin Pickard, Shilpi Srivastava, Lyla Mehta (IDS), and Mihir R. Bhatt. Some of the cases draw on ongoing research of the TAPESTRY project, which explores bottom-up transformations in marginal environments across India and Bangladesh.
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Bhatt, Mihir R., Shilpi Srivastava, Megan Schmidt-Sane, and Lyla Mehta. Key Considerations: India's Deadly Second COVID-19 Wave: Addressing Impacts and Building Preparedness Against Future Waves. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.031.
Full textAbstract:
Since February 2021, countless lives have been lost in India, which has compounded the social and economic devastation caused by the second wave of COVID-19. The sharp surge in cases across the country overwhelmed the health infrastructure, with people left scrambling for hospital beds, critical drugs, and oxygen. As of May 2021, infections began to come down in urban areas. However, the effects of the second wave continued to be felt in rural areas. This is the worst humanitarian and public health crisis the country has witnessed since independence; while the continued spread of COVID-19 variants will have regional and global implications. With a slow vaccine rollout and overwhelmed health infrastructure, there is a critical need to examine India's response and recommend measures to further arrest the current spread of infection and to prevent and prepare against future waves. This brief is a rapid social science review and analysis of the second wave of COVID-19 in India. It draws on emerging reports, literature, and regional social science expertise to examine reasons for the second wave, explain its impact, and highlight the systemic issues that hindered the response. This brief puts forth vital considerations for local and national government, civil society, and humanitarian actors at global and national levels, with implications for future waves of COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries. This review is part of the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) series on the COVID-19 response in India. It was developed for SSHAP by Mihir R. Bhatt (AIDMI), Shilpi Srivastava (IDS), Megan Schmidt-Sane (IDS), and Lyla Mehta (IDS) with input and reviews from Deepak Sanan (Former Civil Servant; Senior Visiting Fellow, Centre for Policy Research), Subir Sinha (SOAS), Murad Banaji (Middlesex University London), Delhi Rose Angom (Oxfam India), Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica) and Santiago Ripoll (IDS). It is the responsibility of SSHAP.