Academic literature on the topic 'Biblical references'

The present thesis examines the rhetorical interaction of the narrative (5.21-43; 7.24-30; 9.14-29) and discursive (9.33-37; 10.13-16) instances of child language in Mark, and analyzes how and to what effect Markan child language is figured rhetorically to address distinctly the elite and non-elite tiers of the Gospel's double audience, according to Henderson's dual audience theory. It argues that the narrative child healings construct an inscribed conception of the child and the parent-child relationship that exerts a controlling influence over the reading/hearing experience of the more explicitly argumentative child discourses. This approach seeks to clarify Mark's persuasive project of advancing, on the one hand, a self-sacrificial form of community leadership addressed to proto-Christian elites, and, on the other, an intimate form of personal devotion to Christ, addressed to non-elites. In doing so, I hope to contribute to the growing discussions concerning the nature and understanding of children and childhood in the ancient world and in early Christianity, the make-up of the Markan audience, and the power dynamics and differentials of the proto-Christian community projected by the Gospel.<br>La présente thèse examine la rhétorique qui sous-tend les cas narratifs (de 5,21 à 43; de 7,24 à 30; de 9,14 à 29) et discursifs (9,33 à 37; de 10,13 à 16) dans la langue de Marc portant sur les enfants, et analyse comment et dans quelle mesure la langue Marcan relative aux enfants est présentée comme rhétorique pour s'adresser clairement aux niveaux élites et non-élites de la double audience à laquelle s'adresse l'Évangile, en se fondant sur la théorie développée par Henderson. La thèse soutient que les récits de guérisons d'enfants favorisent la construction d'une conception inscrite de l'enfant et de la relation parent-enfant, et que cette conception exerce une influence déterminante sur la lecture / l'audition des discours formellement argumentatifs. Cette approche cherche à clarifier le projet persuasif de Marc visant à promouvoir, d'une part, une forme de leadership communautaire fondé sur le sacrifice de soi qui cible les élites proto-chrétiennes, et d'une autre part, une forme intime de dévotion personnelle au Christ s'adressant aux non-élites. J'espère, de cette façon, contribuer au débat d'idées croissant sur la nature et la compréhension des enfants et de l'enfance dans le monde ancien et à l'aube du christianisme, sur la formation de l'audience Marcan, puis sur les dynamiques du pouvoir et des clivages au sein de la communauté proto-chrétienne projetée par l'Évangile.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>Esta tese tem como objetivo definir referenciais bíblico-teológicos, visando ampliar as competências práticas do cuidado pastoral num Centro de Tratamento Intensivo adulto, mais precisamente, numa unidade de internação voltada a pacientes em estado grave de saúde. A fragilidade humana, neste contexto, representa um grande desafio para a teologia e, de forma especial, para a teologia pastoral. Dentre estes referenciais teológicos são enfatizadas tanto a dimensão da solidariedade divina em meio ao sofrimento humano quanto a da graça e da paixão reveladas na pessoa em Jesus Cristo, as quais alicerçam tanto a perspectiva da resistência quanto a da submissão humanas frente à realidade da morte. A partir dos conteúdos alcançados, a pesquisa se propõe a mapear as competências do agente pastoral junto ao paciente (e de sua família) que nortearão a prática da visitação numa perspectiva ecumênica, o estabelecimento de uma comunicação eficaz, o testemunho sensível e responsável da Palavra de Deus, o uso da oração e dos ritos religiosos e uma interação adequada com a equipe assistencial.<br>This thesis aims to define biblical and theological references in order to extend the pastoral care practical skills in an adult Intensive Care Unit, more precisely in an inpatient unit dedicated to patients in critical health conditions. In this context, human frailty represents a great challenge to theology and, in a particular way, to pastoral theology. Among these theological references, both the theological dimension of the divine solidarity in the midst of the human suffering and the theological dimension of the grace and of the passion revealed in the person of Jesus Christ are emphasized, which underpin both the perspective of the human resistance and of the human submission against the reality of death. Based on the contents achieved, the research aims to map the skills of the pastoral agent when with the patient (and with family members), which will guide the visiting practice in an ecumenical perspective, the establishment of an effective communication, the sensitive and responsible testimony of the Word of God, the use of prayer and religious rituals and of an appropriate interaction with the care team.

This thesis is concerned with the 'problem of hermeneutics', particularly as it applies to the interpretation of the Bible. A number of different approaches have been employed in order to try to bridge the distance between the past and the present. Hans-Georg Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics, which describes understanding as a 'fusion of horizons', has been influential. However, Gadamer has been criticized by a number of thinkers, particularly Emilio Betti and E.D. Hirsch, for not giving an adequate account of how a measure of objectivity or validity is possible in interpretation. This thesis presents a description of interpretation which resolves some of the apparent conflicts between these schools by presenting them as accounts of two, complementary levels of one interpretative process, levels related in a type of hermeneutical circle relation. Nevertheless, Betti and Hirsch's concerns for objectivity and validity could still not be satisfied without grounding this hermeneutical circle relation in an adequate ontology. To do this, the thesis turns to the work of Wolfhart Pannenberg. This thesis argues that Pannenberg, while accepting much of Gadamer's hermeneutics, goes beyond Gadamer and provides many helpful insights critical both for general hermeneutics and for biblical interpretation. Pannenberg grounds Gadamer's fusion of the two horizons, the past and the present, in universal history, conceived as an eschatologically orientated ontology, rather than in an ontology of language. The thesis argues that this is the third horizon necessary for interpretation. Pannenberg asserts that characteristics of universal history are made known proleptically in Jesus Christ. Consequently, this thesis argues for the use of a Christological principle in biblical interpretation and illustrates the use of such a principle in Paul (e.g., in I Cor. 8-10).

Although the biblical data presented can be properly assessed only by a Hebraist/Old Testament exegete, I have attempted to make the work a little more accessible to linguistic scientists without specialization in Hebrew through provision of English glosses of Hebrew passages (rarely of more than a biblical verse in length). Typically these glosses are from NEB, although where NEB's rendering does not closely match the Hebrew sequence (e.g., if NEB omits certain Hebrew phrases because they would be redundant or cumbersome in English, or adopts substantial emendations of NT, or is, in my opinion, erroneous in respect of a particular translation) I have utilized JB, or, occasionally, AV. Italicized sequences (narking expressions not directly expressed in the Hebrew original) in AV (and in the translation of Rash!) are not thus distinguished in my quotations, and I have used 'Lord' for AV and NEB 'LORD'. NEB has been chosen as the primary source because at a semantic, if not a stylistic, level it provides an 'idiomatic' translation, and because its emendations are easy to trace (through Brockington's work). The few tines that I wish to make a translation point particularly strongly or where I feel none of the forementioned translations to be adequate I provide my own glosses. Such renderings, unlike those quoted from other sources, are not accompanied by a citation of source. Within glosses words representing a collocation or other expression being discussed are capitalized. BHK/S is used as the source of quotations from the Hebrew Bible, although its division of cola is not displayed; the caesura (athnach) is sometimes indicated by the use of a new line, or, if only one line of text is displayed, by a double space within this line. In 'citation-forms' of Hebrew text, we utilize a 'plene' orthography. Chapter and verse references are always to the Hebrew Bible. ...