Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bibliothéconomie'
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Amziane, Mohammed. "Mutation technologique et changement organisationnel : l'impact de l'information sur la gestion des bibliothèques municipales en France." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100173.
Full textFrance is late in comparison with other Europeans countries in public reading matter. This delay is characterized by an inadequate number of public libraries in France, and, also, by the situation of the French network public libraries. Since the end of 60, France is developing a courageous public reading policy. Data processing is going to reveal itself a good solution at the modernization of the public library management. After some first try, in France, at the beginning of 1980, appear new software solutions for the public library management system. Our experience with the software called Tobias and the data point network computer called arcnet, conduct us to think about the problems consequent to the introduction of data processing in the public libraries in France. Our problematic conducts us to analyze the technological mutation and organizational modifications engendered by the utilization of the new communication technologies
Boughachiche, Sebti. "La demande d'informations scientifiques : aspects psychologiques et quantitatifs. Implications pour la gestion des services d'information documentaire en milieu universitaire et de recherche." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR1D001.
Full textKim, Sun Ae. "L'évaluation de l'efficience des bibliothèques universitaires et leur effet sur le travail des étudiants à l'université." Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO33022.
Full textRambhujun, Nardeosingh. "La gestion des ressources d'une bibliothèque universitaire : Un exemple : la bibliothèque interuniversitaire de Bordeaux, section droit et sciences économiques." Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR1D319.
Full textAzzu, Magda Hamed. "État des lieux de la classification et de l’indexation dans les bibliothèques et centres d’informations des pays arabes : cas d’étude, la Libye." Paris 8, 2006. http://octaviana.fr/document/124491596#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe technological development has contributed a lot to develop the libraries and has resulted in the multiplicity of research systems of information, and classification and indexing system’s. We have repaired this study to recognizing the situation of libraries and information centers in the Arabic countries including the implementation of these systems and the extent of its spread and the problem associated with that implementation. The revolts have confirmed the spread of the use of electronic classification and indexing despite the shortage of the Arabic experiments in this field. We have chosen Libya to test the hypothesis. The reasons that have led to the weakness of the use of these systems were logistical, financial and technological. But the use of Arabic language and the technological information have been the most remarkable reason. The librarian’s directions towards the systems have been studied. The information and the data obtained has confirmed the existence of a relation between the experience and the occupational habitation and the technological experience in the field and the choice between the systems, and the dissatisfaction of librarians was due to their education which is updating with the new technological sufficiently. We have proposed a number of proposals and methods to improve the situation
Béquet, Gaëlle. "Innovation et patrimoine numérique dans trois bibliothèques nationales européennes (Bibliothèque nationale de France, British Library, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030169.
Full textThe historical and sociological analysis of the setting up of digital libraries in three heritage institutions (Bibliothèque nationale de France, British Library, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek), from 1990 to 2011, shows how these organisations, which produce and preserve physical cultural heritage, have evolved to produce and preserve digital cultural heritage. The digital library has two aspects: it is a technological innovation and an organisation of its own. As a technological innovation, it is grounded on inventions such as digital photography, web servers, internet, optical character recognition, metadata…These inventions are combined by the action of reference groups (scholars, librarians, computer specialists, public administrations, sponsors, private companies). These groups are either marginal or included in a socio-technical network which creates the digital library. The latter is a technical artefact that evolves from a “suitcase-object” with great interpretive flexibility to a boundary object which satisfies the needs of reference groups taking part in the socio-technical network. A digital library is also an organisation, stemming from the physical library which creates specific departments in charge of controlling major uncertainty zones such as digital technologies and emerging online content providers. The latter compete with national libraries in the diffusion of cultural heritage. Controversies between actors are key moments when actors reveal their opinions concerning the technical artefact: translation is the means to enlist members of the socio-technical network to achieve the temporary closure of the artefact. The socio-technical network evolves with time to create new versions of the artefact
Dahmane, Madjid. "Contribution à l'étude des systèmes d'information scientifique et technique : Approche théorique et étude de cas de l'Algérie." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00597405.
Full textBermes, Emmanuelle. "Le numérique en bibliothèque : naissance d'un patrimoine : l'exemple de la Bibliothèque nationale de France (1997-2019)." Thesis, Paris, Ecole nationale des chartes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ENCP0001.
Full textSince the 1980s, physical and digital objects of increasing diversity have been described as "heritage". The idea of a digital heritage is thus institutionalized today. However, according to the experience of the BnF over the past twenty years, these new heritage objects, which range from video games to web archives, from digitized rare and ancient books to online media, are not yet considered legitimate.With a period of experimentation, until 2003, then a period of industrialization and professionalization, until 2008, the continuity between written heritage and digital heritage first helped to establish the place of digital documents and collections within the missions of the library. However, the digital heritage also bring profound changes, inherent in the nature of the web and the documentary objects it generates. Ubiquity, volatility, destructuring, massification, internationalization, transversality: these characteristics of the web have forced the BnF to adapt its work processes, its tools and its organization.The study of the process towards the creation of a new digital heritage involves observing institutional tools, as well as studying the stages of this process and the emotions it arouses. Thus we reveal two complementary aspects of this new digital heritage, questioning in depth the identity and missions of the BnF, in its relationship to society and the world. On the one hand, digital developments help the dissemination, mediation and enhancement of existing heritage; on the other hand, new digital heritage objects emerge. In the original vision of a "very large library, of an entirely new type", the mission of digitization was to reconcile heritage with the nation, using technology. Twenty years of experimentation and practice have apparently ended up reversing this logic, making digital a new heritage which the nation is committed to preserve
Rey, Coraline. "Archives et bibliothèques à Cîteaux : entreprises d'écritures au Moyen Âge (XIIe siècle - début du XVIe siècle)." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCH023.
Full textThis thesis project deals with the organization of scriptural productions, archival and library practices of Cîteaux Abbey. We consider the multiple forms of these pratices: creation and increase of archival holdings (Abbey archives and cistercian Order documents), filing, preservation of archives, relations with users. This research takes into account the aspects of document materiality and archaeology, studying cartulary and register processes with their bindings, inventory methods of archives and manuscripts, document appraisal and disposal, classification or restoration, shelf-marks and other graphic characters
Gaye, Doudou Sall. "Les impacts des Tics dans la formation aux métiers de l'information en Afrique de l'Ouest." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA080041.
Full textThis research work is based upon the assumption that the ICTEs (Information and Communication Technologies for Education), Internet and other Information systems developments bring about a deep and fundamental change to the approach of the overall context of archive and documentation management in Africa. Our survey concerns the current development of information technologies in general and particularly the use of ICTEs in higher education in Africa, focussing on the mechanisms implemented at the School for Librarians in Dakar, Senegal, “EBAD” (École des bibliothécaires, Archivistes et Documentalistes de Dakar) and the way they are received by the African specialists. Such a significant digital upheaval necessarily implies new methodologies devised for “informational activities”, remote work and new know-hows in the processing, management, research and sharing of information. For that reason, African information and documentation specialists are now led to get involved and adapt to their new role of information mediators, which implies that they acquire and master new educational, informational, documentary and sociotechnical capabilities.This new role of African specialists is all the more necessary as the vast majority of our fellow citizens are illiterate (more than 60%, particularly in languages used by northern countries for the exchange of cultural resources and information).Now these capabilities can admittedly be acquired only by training; this is why we have set our goals through our three empirical studies: firstly, to review the current state of training in the African LIS, secondly by asking the specialists questions, to assess their practice of information and distance learning methods and to identify their own training needs. Thirdly, we are laying the base for the reflection on future prospects of jobs in the field of information / documentation in Africa, in complex and ever-changing environments
Gaye, Doudou Sall. "Les impacts des Tics dans la formation aux métiers de l'information en Afrique de l'Ouest." Thesis, Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA080041.
Full textThis research work is based upon the assumption that the ICTEs (Information and Communication Technologies for Education), Internet and other Information systems developments bring about a deep and fundamental change to the approach of the overall context of archive and documentation management in Africa. Our survey concerns the current development of information technologies in general and particularly the use of ICTEs in higher education in Africa, focussing on the mechanisms implemented at the School for Librarians in Dakar, Senegal, “EBAD” (École des bibliothécaires, Archivistes et Documentalistes de Dakar) and the way they are received by the African specialists. Such a significant digital upheaval necessarily implies new methodologies devised for “informational activities”, remote work and new know-hows in the processing, management, research and sharing of information. For that reason, African information and documentation specialists are now led to get involved and adapt to their new role of information mediators, which implies that they acquire and master new educational, informational, documentary and sociotechnical capabilities.This new role of African specialists is all the more necessary as the vast majority of our fellow citizens are illiterate (more than 60%, particularly in languages used by northern countries for the exchange of cultural resources and information).Now these capabilities can admittedly be acquired only by training; this is why we have set our goals through our three empirical studies: firstly, to review the current state of training in the African LIS, secondly by asking the specialists questions, to assess their practice of information and distance learning methods and to identify their own training needs. Thirdly, we are laying the base for the reflection on future prospects of jobs in the field of information / documentation in Africa, in complex and ever-changing environments
Chapron, Emmanuelle. "Des bibliothèques "A Publica Utilita" : publicité, politique culturelle et pratiques du livre à Florence au XVIIIe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0047.
Full textHtait, Amal. "Sentiment analysis at the service of book search." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0260.
Full textThe web technology is in an on going growth, and a huge volume of data is generated in the social web, where users would exchange a variety of information. In addition to the fact that social web text may be rich of information, the writers are often guided by provoked sentiments reflected in their writings. Based on that concept, locating sentiment in a text can play an important role for information extraction. The purpose of this thesis is to improve the book search and recommendation quality of the Open Edition's multilingual Books platform. The Books plat- form also offers additional information through users generated information (e.g. book reviews) connected to the books and rich in emotions expressed in the users' writings. Therefore, the previous analysis, concerning locating sentiment in a text for information extraction, plays an important role in this thesis, and can serve the purpose of quality improvement concerning book search, using the shared users generated information. Accordingly, we choose to follow a main path in this thesis to combine sentiment analysis (SA) and information retrieval (IR) fields, for the purpose of improving the quality of book search. Two objectives are summarised in the following, which serve the main purpose of the thesis in the IR quality improvement using SA: • An approach for SA prediction, easily applicable on different languages, low cost in time and annotated data. • New approaches for book search quality improvement, based on SA employment in information filtering, retrieving and classifying
Delmas, Jean-François. "Des collections de dom Malachie d’Inguimbert à l’Inguimbertine : transferts et héritages culturels dans le Comtat Venaissin (XVIIIe-XXIe siècle)." Thesis, Paris, Ecole nationale des chartes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENCP0003.
Full textThis research covers a vast period of times. It starts in the 18th century with the founding of L’Inguimbertine, the library-museum of Carpentras, by the bishop of the city, dom Malachie d’Inguimbert (1683-1757). The period of time includes the current project of transferring this atypical establishment into an ancient hospital, a historic monument born out of the conviction of the same prelate. This study evokes the ambitious work of the dignitaries of Carpentras to develop the library-museum in the 19th century, as well as the semi-abandonment of the collections from the 1960s onward. This research intends to show how a population appropriates, or reappropriates, the legacy of a man who imported the Roman style into Comtat Venaissin. It also highlights the mediation needed by the curator in order to preserve the balance between the necessary reappropriation and the respect for Mgr d’Inguimbert’s intention. The organization set in the 19th century is a direct result of the concept of a library-museum developed by the bishop of Carpentras. This original concept itself leads to the way the collections are presented at L’Inguimbertine at the hôtel-Dieu in the 21th century. Today, to ensure continuity, the main driving force of the establishment is to preserve the original intention of the prelate. Finally, this research paper aims at showing how scientific work within the profession is often sacrified for the administrative tasks of the curators
Dillaerts, Hans. "Libre accès à la communication scientifique et contexte français : prospective, développement et enjeux pour la créativité et l'interdisciplinarité ?" Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00768432.
Full textGravel, Hélène. "Analyse et propositions d'action pour améliorer la qualité des services des bibliothèques universitaires québécoises." Thèse, 1995. http://constellation.uqac.ca/1208/1/1514167.pdf.
Full textPage, André. "Ethique de conservation dans trois bibliothèques nationales - Origine et nécessité de renforcement." Phd thesis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348052.
Full textComeau, Lucie. "Qui utilise quoi? : portrait des usages d’une collection de monographies imprimées en contexte de recherche universitaire." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22443.
Full textHébert, Francis. "Analyse documentaire en milieu universitaire : deux approches générales comparées." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11458.
Full textThe topic of this dissertation is subject analysis in a university environment. Two major approaches are studied at first: subject analysis centered on the document (first chapter), historically predominant in librarianship, and subject analysis centered on the user (second chapter), mostly influenced by the development of Web 2.0 technologies. The opposition between those two approaches reflects a dichotomy which is at the very heart of the notion of subject, meaning the objective and subjective aspects of the subject. The outline of the dissertation has the distinct advantage of presenting well established practices in the field of librarianship as well as recent developments that do have an impact on subject analysis in a university environment. Our hypothesis is that both major tendencies must be highlighted to study the question of mapping the terminology (subject metadata) that comes from subject analysis with the terminology that users tend to favor while searching for documents. In the third chapter, we examine more closely particularities of the university environment in an effort to look at distinct possibilities and requirements for subject analysis in such an environment. Reinforced by elements taken from domain and facet analysis, the goal is to accentuate the potential interaction between users and indexers on a terminological level.
Courchesne, Stéphanie. "Compatibilité entre troisième lieu et clientèles difficiles : perceptions professionnelles du rôle social des bibliothèques." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22445.
Full textCadieux, Stéphanie. "Le développement de collections de jeux vidéo dans les bibliothèques universitaires en Amérique du Nord : étude exploratoire." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19282.
Full textVideo games are culturally and socially important; they are part of daily life for most North Americans and were the most profitable leisure industry of 2014. Interest in this document was sparked in the academic community and several disciplines have studied it, such as psychology, sociology and information science. Some universities have created entire departments devoted to the study of video games: Game Studies. This rise in interest sometimes leads to the creation of a video games collection in academic libraries; this issue is not addressed in academic literature, however, only professional. This research aims to bring a scientific and objective viewpoint to an issue many academic libraries may experience. To do so, we conducted a multiple case study and interviewed librarians, members of the libraries’ staff, teachers and students of two universities, one Canadian and the other, American. This qualitative approach was chosen to answer our four research questions: [1] What are the elements influencing the development of video game collections?, [2] How do professionals treat video games in their collection development activities?, [3] How are video games used by patrons of academic libraries?, and [4] What is the impact of video games on the libraries’ employees tasks? The results show that the elements influencing the development of video game collections in academic libraries are mostly organisational and financial and that technological elements have to be taken into account when doing retrospective collection development. The development of video game collections differs from that of traditional documents in academic libraries, because librarians choose titles one by one and the important selection criteria include the users’ demands and the support to access the information in the game. Furthermore, clerks and other employees may have to clean and repair objects that are not working properly. The potential users of these collections – teachers and students using video games for teaching or for research – do not use the library’s resources, mainly because they are unaware of them, but also because they cannot borrow them and bring them home. Finally, other than the tasks related to the development of the video game collection, the impact on the employees is minimal, notably because these resources are isolated in the libraries and because employees do not work with other types of documents.
Allnutt, Vanessa. "Étude qualitative sur les attitudes des bibliothécaires québécois vis-à-vis la liberté intellectuelle et la censure." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8344.
Full textThe objective of this qualitative study is to understand the attitudes of Quebec librarians with respect to intellectual freedom and censorship in the public library arena. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 11 librarians, including six directors. These staff were involved in varying degrees in the development process of their library collections and/or in the management of challenges. Their comments were subjected to a rigorous thematic analysis. Similar to previous studies which have focused on this topic, this research showcases the difference between participants’ attitudes regarding intellectual freedom as a concept, and intellectual freedom as an activity. In other words, the participants were in favor of freedom of expression, while at the same time being supportive, under certain circumstances, of restrictive measures. The analysis of the results shows that librarians, while proponents of intellectual freedom, serve primarly as guardians of societal consensus, continually drawing and redrawing the boundary between individual values and societal values. This research ultimately shows that Quebec librarians are less actively engaged than their Canadian and U.S. counterparts in efforts to defend and promote intellectual freedom. Analysis of the data leads to the hypothesis that this weak commitment is intimately related to cultural variables unique to Quebec. The contemporary absence of religious pressure groups and the tardy development of public libraries in Quebec have in fact been identified as two factors tied to the history of the province influencing the professional work environment and the behavior of librarians in the struggle for the defense and promotion of intellectual freedom.
St-Germain, Marielle. "Le Web de données et le Web sémantique à Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec : constats et recommandations fondés sur l'initiative de la Bibliothèque nationale de France." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18414.
Full textThis dissertation discusses the concepts and implementation of Semantic Web and Linked Data within libraries. Analysis and definition of technologies characterizing these concepts are first presented with the objective to clarify and ensure a good understanding of the various issues arising for actors in the field. Then, the elements demonstrating the relevance and challenges for information professionals are described. The objective is to analyze the implementation process of a Linked Data project with the Bibliothèque nationale de France to propose a possible transposition to the context of Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec, for an application within the latter. A list of thirteen steps for the implementation of a library Linked Data project and the proposal for applying a software development process on these practices are presented. Following this analysis, recommendations regarding these various stages of implementation are proposed.
Desrochers, Pierre. "La théorie sociale de la connaissance et la gestion du patrimoine documentaire à l’ère numérique." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14050.
Full textMemory and knowledge institutions (for example, libraries, archives, museums) face significant challenges in their responsibilities to ensure the long-term preservation of documentary heritage in the digital age. The overabundance of digital information, the potential unrestricted ability to create and produce digital information by individuals and social groups; the lack of storage capacity and ability to disseminate digital information by documentary heritage institutions are only a few of these challenges. Moreover, the approaches and methods used in an analogue environment to identify, manage, preserve and disseminate Canadian documentary heritage have proven to be non-transferable to the digital environment. We suggest that social epistemology can support the development of public policy approach for documentary heritage institutions to identify Canada's documentary heritage in the digital age. We explored this issue and we tried to respond to it through three scientific articles. Our research indicates that existing professional practice and objective knowledge remains persistent and limits the formulation and application of new theoretical frameworks, administrative policies and instruments related to the identification and selection of documentary heritage. To remedy this situation, our research identifies a conceptual framework that can be used to develop public policies on Canada's documentary heritage.
Mongeon, Philippe. "À qui le crédit? Division du travail et du capital dans les collaborations de recherche." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20437.
Full textMakhlouf, Shabou Basma. "Étude sur la définition et la mesure des qualités des archives définitives issues d’une évaluation." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4955.
Full textSome decades ago, interest in studying the archival appraisal function was diversified to deepen theoretical principles (Jenkinson, 1922; Schellenberg, 1956; Samuels, 1992; Cook, 1992b; Eastwood, 1992b; Duranti, 1994; Couture, 1999), strategies (Booms, 1972; Samuels, 1986; Cook, 1992b; Eastwood, 1992b; Couture, 1999) and their implementation process - techniques, instruments and criteria - (Ham, 1984; Boles & Young, 1991; Cook, 2001a, 2001b). However, all these contributions have not yet studied the nature of appraisal results that compose historical archives. The following four elements explain the nature of this problem. First, from the perspective of documentary heritage, the lack of studies on the definition and measurement of the quality of historical archives prevents verification as whether archive materials are significant. Second, at the administrative level, the current practice of appraisal does not yet invest in a meticulous examination of the nature of its results. Third, in economic terms, the lack of methods and tools used to measure the quality of archives, affects whether these records are judged to be worth the material, technical, financial and human investment that their preservation requires. Finally, from a professional standpoint, the absence of methods and instruments to assess the quality of archives prevents professionals from supporting their decisions on archival appraisal. To remedy this situation, our research seeks to define and measure the quality of archives resulting from their appraisal. For the implementation of the research, we use a quantitative descriptive methodology, and apply it to an unexplored topic (Fortin, 2006) as the operationalization of archival quality. Two phases constitute the strategy of research. A conceptual phase, in which four quality dimensions of historical archives have been identified and defined. Then an empirical phase aimed to verify the measurability of variables derived from two quality dimensions in the context of historical archives. The data collection was based on the application of a historical archives measurement grid. The completion of data collection which took place at the Bibliothèque Archives nationales du Québec and their processing has enabled the operationalization of 10 specific indicators out of 13 belonging to two dimensions of quality: "Credible evidence" and "Exploitability" of archives. This means that three specific indicators out of 13 were without measures because of some weakness related to their measurement that we have identified and verified during pre-testing research. These three specific indicators are the "Creator" in the context of the size of the "Credible evidence" and "Comprehensibility" and "Findability" in the dimension of "Exploitability". The measurements were conducted to identify weaknesses and improve several variables related to the creator, the conservation office or the state and the nature of the support. Targeting the improvement of a product or service is, as demonstrated in the literature review, the ultimate goal of a study on the dimensions of quality. Our research promises three significant benefits. In theory, it develops a conceptual framework that offers the definition of the dimensions of the concept of historical archival quality derived from the appraisal process. At the methodological level, it offers a method for measuring the quality of historical archives already tested in the context of a government agency. At the professional level, firstly, it allows the assessment of the results of the exercise of archival appraisal; furthermore, it provides professionals with not only a measurement grid for measuring historical archival qualities already tested, but also the guide that facilitates its application.
Paquette-Bigras, Ève. "Étude comparative du vocabulaire de description de la danse dans les archives et du vocabulaire de représentation de la danse dans la littérature." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9938.
Full textThis research falls within the field of digital humanities; arts and information science engage in dialogue. In the last few decades, dance has become a distinct research subject. Dance description in archives needs to be improved, because the quality of the description impacts access to the documentation. Knowledge extraction seems to offer new opportunities in this regard. The goal of this research is to contribute to the development of information management tools by comparing a vocabulary for describing dance in archives with a vocabulary for representing dance in literature obtained through knowledge extraction. We look for possible complementarity, particularly in regard to the aesthetic experience. First, some tools for describing dance in archives are described, and the Collier Descriptor Thesaurus is analyzed. We observe that this vocabulary for describing dance in archives does not take into account aesthetic experience. Second, a vocabulary for representing dance in literature is analyzed. More specifically, a structured vocabulary of aesthetic experience of modern dance is drawn from a corpus of texts from the French writer Stéphane Mallarmé, and the vocabulary obtained is analyzed. Finally, the two vocabularies are compared to consider their complementarity. We conclude that some vocabularies for describing dance in archives, consisting mainly of factual terms, such as the Collier Descriptor Thesaurus, can be enriched with terms related to aesthetic experience. The vocabulary for representing dance in literature complements to a certain extent the vocabulary for describing dance in archives. Thus this initial experiment supports the relevance of knowledge extraction in information resources maintenance and development for performing arts such as dance.
Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Fachgebiet der Digital Humanities und verbindet dabei Kunst mit informationswissenschaftlichen Methoden. In den letzten Jahrzehnten ist Tanz ein eigenständiges Forschungsgebiet geworden. Da sich die Qualität der Beschreibung direkt auf den Zugang zu Dokumenten im Archiv auswirkt, bedarf die Beschreibung von Tanz in Archiven Verbesserung. Ziel der Forschung ist es zur Entwicklung von Informationsverwaltungs-Tools beizutragen, indem das Vokabular der Beschreibung von Tanz im Archiv mit Vokabular aus der Literatur, extrahiert aus textuellen Datenbanken, verglichen wird. Dabei liegt der Fokus auf der Komplementarität beider Quellen, besonders in Bezug auf die Beschreibung von ästhetischen Erfahrungen. Zunächst werden Tools für die Beschreibung von Tanz in Archiven beschrieben und der Collier Descriptor Thesaurus analysiert. Dabei zeigt sich, dass das Vokabular der Tanz-Beschreibung im Archiv ästhetische Erfahrung generell nicht berücksichtigt. Daraufhin wird das Vokabular der Tanz-Darstellung in der Literatur am Beispiel der Text-Sammlung des franzözischen Dichters Stéphane Mallarmé analysiert. Im Anschluss werden die zwei Wortschätze verglichen, um die Komplementarität beider Quellen zu beschreiben. Die Arbeit kommt zu dem Schluss, dass das Vokabular der Tanz-Beschreibung im Archiv hauptsächlich aus sachbezogenen Begriffen besteht (z.B. der Collier Descriptor Thesaurus), welche um Begriffe zur ästhetischen Erfahrung ergänzt werden können. Die Begriffe für die Tanz-Beschreibung in der Literatur komplementieren bis zu einem gewissen Grad das Vokabular der Tanz-Beschreibung im Archiv. Demzufolge bildet diese Arbeit eine Grundlage für weitere Forschung im Bereich der Wissensextraktion in textuellen Datenbanken im Fachgebiet darstellender Künste wie Tanz.
Crédeville, Aline. "Visualisation des résultats de recherche classifiés en contexte de recherche d’information exploratoire : une évaluation d’utilisabilité." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24762.
Full textConducting exploratory searches on the web presents a number of cognitive difficulties as regards search strategies and tactics. The “question-response” model used by the available search engines does not respond adequately to exploratory searches, which are akin to cognitive learning strategies. Visualising search results involves graphic and interactive properties for presenting information that are pertinent for processing and using information, as well as for remembering and, more broadly, for human cognition. Many studies have been conducted in the area of exploratory searches, but none have focussed specifically on the graphic and interactive features of visualisation in their analysis. The principal objective of this thesis is to confirm whether the visualisation of results in the context of exploratory searches offers the cognitive and interactive advantages predicted by conjectural theory. In order to describe and to determine the added value of visualising search results in the context of exploratory web searches, the study proposes to measure its usability. By comparing it to a parallel text interface, using the same criteria and indicators, the likelihood of better efficiency, efficacy, and satisfaction when using a visual interface can be established. The objective measures of efficiency and efficacy are based mainly on the analysis of user interactions, including the number of these interactions and the time they take. Subjective measures of satisfaction in using the system in this context are based on user perception regarding ease of use and the usefulness of the interface tested, and on broader questions concerning the experience of using the search interface. These data were obtained using a questionnaire and a discussion with each participant. Statistical analysis of the data from twenty-three participants divided into two groups showed slightly significant differences between the two interfaces. Analysis of the metrics used showed that the textual interface is more efficient in terms of recall and pertinence, and more efficacious concerning the time needed to search for information. Regarding user satisfaction, both interfaces were seen positively, so that no differences emerged for the great majority of metrics used. However, as regards interactive behaviour, notable differences emerged. Participants using the visual interface had more exploratory interaction, and went on to select and collect pertinent search results. Statistical and content analysis of the experience itself showed that visualisation invites the user to become more involved in the search process, because of the positive effect of a pleasing visual interface. In addition, the classification function was perceived as ambivalent, dividing the participants no matter which interface was used. Finally, analysis of the verbatim reports of participants classed as “visual” indicated the need for a user feedback mechanism in order to communicate information needs or for weighting results or classes, using the interactive function for manipulating classes within a geographic space.
Bouchard, Éric. "La Bibliothèque du Collège pontifical canadien à Rome (1888-1974) : une bibliothèque québécoise outre-mer." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8683.
Full textThis thesis seeks to establish the history of the library of the Pontifical Canadian College from 1888 to 1974, when the College occupied the building at via Quatro Fontane 117 in Rome. Through this research, we will attempt to determine whether this library, in its origin, its integration in the Catholic world, its directors, its operation, attendance, and the nature of his collection can be viewed as an oversea library of Quebec, that is to say a library an integral part of the French-Canadians libraries at this time. The same way we try to prove if that library was the subject of relations between France and Quebec abroad.
Ayoub, Mathieu. "Entre autonomie et coopération : la construction des bibliothèques universitaires au Québec (1967-1975)." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19071.
Full textIn the late 1960s, at a time when the State was investing heavily in higher education, librarians had to meet a greater need for documentary resources than ever before. To answer this need, they established a cooperative network, thus consolidating the microcosm of Quebec university libraries. This paper is an exploratory study of this microcosm evolution in the academic field, using Pierre Bourdieu's sociological concepts of field, habitus and capital. In this Master's thesis, we analyze the creation of modern Quebec university libraries through the activities of their main consultative body, the Conference of Rectors and Principals of Quebec Universities’ (CREPUQ) Libraries subcommittee, from its creation in 1967 to 1975. We theorize that the symbolic capital of libraries depends on their capacity to support, through their resources and expertise, the universities’ research and teaching mission. In this context, the library subcommittee will adopt a strategy to promote its members’ expertise, to optimize the use of their resources and to increase their budget. It will also defend the libraries autonomy against various policies adopted by the State and the CREPUQ. We conclude by noting the predominance of co-operation in the university libraries microcosm's habitus and by highlighting the fact that, if libraries generally succeed in achieving their objectives when it falls within their competencies, they systematically fail when their strategies require a significant financial investment.
Charbonneau, Olivier. "Émergence de normes dans les systèmes économiques et sociaux d’oeuvres numériques protégées par droit d’auteur." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19977.
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