Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bicyclo[2

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Bicyclo[2'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Bicyclo[2"

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Werstiuk, N. H., S. Yeroushalmi, and Hong Guan-Lin. "Synthesis of bicyclic diones and thiones. Facile methylation of the enolates of bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,5-dione and bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5-dione. An AM1 computational study of bicyclic enolates." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 70, no. 3 (March 1, 1992): 974–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v92-130.

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A group of bicyclic ketones and thiones have been synthesized for homenolization studies. Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,5-dione (6) undergoes unusually rapid tetramethylation giving 3,3,6,6-tetramethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,5-dione (1) in good yield. Treatment of 1 with P2S5 in xylene gave 3,3,6,6-tetramethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,5-dithione (2) and 3,3,6,6-tetramethyl 15-oxo-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-thione (3), which was converted into 4 with Raney nickel. Bicyclo[2,2,2]octane-2,5-dione (7), prepared via a Diels–Alder reaction between 2-trimethylsilyloxy-1,3-cyclohexadiene and and α-acetoxyacrylonitrile followed by a one-step desilylation/hydrolysis, also undergoes facile tetramethylation giving 3,3,6,6-tetramethylbicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5-dione (5) in good yield. AM1 calculations were carried out on the α-enolates of bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, 6, 5-methylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, and 4-acetylbicyclo[2.2.1]-heptan-2-one in an attempt to gain information on the source of the enhanced acidity of the C-3 hydrogens of 6 and 7. Keywords: bicyclic ketones, thiones, synthesis.
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Tabuchi, Toshiki, Daisuke Urabe, and Masayuki Inoue. "Asymmetric synthesis of a highly functionalized bicyclo[3.2.2]nonene derivative." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 9 (April 4, 2013): 655–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.9.74.

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The stereoselective Diels–Alder reaction between an optically active 1,4-dimethylcycloheptadiene and acrolein was effectively promoted by TBSOTf to produce a bicyclo[3.2.2]nonene derivative bearing two quaternary carbons. Seven additional transformations from the obtained bicycle delivered the C 2-symmetric bicyclo[3.3.2]decene derivative, a key intermediate in our synthetic study of ryanodine.
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Smith, William B. "Nature of the 2-Bicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl and 2-Bicyclo[3.2.2]nonanyl Cations." Journal of Organic Chemistry 66, no. 2 (January 2001): 376–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo0006167.

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Piers, Edward, and Hoi Lun Allan Tse. "A new annulation method. Total syntheses of the sesquiterpenoids (±)-chiloscyphone and (±)-6-epi-chiloscyphone." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 71, no. 7 (July 1, 1993): 983–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v93-131.

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The efficacy of a new annulation method, developed for the construction of functionalized bicyclic compounds, is illustrated by conversion of the β-keto esters 18 and 19 into the bicyclo[4.3.0]non-1-enes 33 and 34, respectively, and by transformation of 2-methoxycarbonylcyclopentanone (20) into the bicyclo[4.3.0]non-6-ene 38 and the bicyclo[5.3.0]dec-7-enes 48 and 51. Application of the method to total syntheses of the structurally unusual sesquiterpenoids (±)-chiloscyphone (16) and (±)-6-epi-chiloscyphone (17) is described.
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Wiberg, Kenneth B., Brenda S. Ross, John J. Isbell, and Neil McMurdie. "2-Substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes." Journal of Organic Chemistry 58, no. 6 (March 1993): 1372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00058a015.

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Carrupt, Pierre-Alain, and Pierre Vogel. "Double bond pyramidalization in bicyclic alkanes. Ab initio mo calculations on bicyclo[2.2.1] hept-2-ene, bicyclo[2.2.1] hex-2-ene and bicyclo[3.2.1] oct-6-ene derivatives." Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 124, no. 1-2 (January 1985): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-1280(85)87017-2.

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Gilbert, John C., and Jiandong Yin. "Interconversion of Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yne and 5-Bicyclo[2.1.1]hexylidenecarbene." Journal of Organic Chemistry 71, no. 15 (July 2006): 5658–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo060652r.

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Eberle, Marcel K., Reinhart Keese, and Helen Stoeckli-Evans. "A bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-2-ylcyclopentanone." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 57, no. 5 (April 30, 2001): o461—o462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536801006808.

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9

Hřebabecký, Hubert, Martin Dračínský, and Antonín Holý. "Synthesis of Novel Carbocyclic Nucleoside Analogues Containing Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-2-methanol." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 73, no. 1 (2008): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20080044.

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Starting ethyl (1R*,2R*,3R*,4S*)-3-bromobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylate (9) was reduced with LiAlH4and benzoylated giving [(1R*,2R*,3R*,4S*)-3-bromobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl]methyl benzoate (11). Treatment of11with NaN3and CrO3in acetic acid afforded [(1R*,2S*,3R*,4R*,5S*,6R*)-6-azido-3-bromo-5-hydroxybicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]methyl benzoate (12a) and [(1R*,2S*,3S*,4R*,5S*,6R*)-5-azido-3-bromo-6-hydroxybicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl]-methyl benzoate (12b). These key intermediates were separated and converted in five reaction steps to (1R*,2R*,3S*,4S*)-3-[(5-amino-6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino]-5-(hydroxymethyl)- bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-ol (17a) and (1R*,2R*,3S*,4S*)-3-[(5-amino-6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)- amino]-6-(hydroxymethyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-ol (17b). Ring closure with triethyl orthoformate led to (1R*,2R*,3S*,4S*)-5-(chloromethyl)-3-(6-chloro-9H-purin-9-yl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-ol (18a) and (1R*,2R*,3S*,4S*)-6-(chloromethyl)-3-(6-chloro-9H-purin-9-yl)- bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-ol (18b) using hydrochloric acid as a catalyst or (1R*,2R*,3S*,4S*)-3-(6-chloro-9H-purin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-ol (19a) and (1R*,2R*,3S*,4S*)- 3-(6-chloro-9H-purin-9-yl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-ol (19b) using trifluoro- acetic acid as a catalyst. From19aand19b, 6-amino- and 6-(cyclopropylamino)purine derivatives20and21were prepared.
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Ishibashi, Osamu, Mami Nishiyama, Eunsang Kwon, Masaru Hashimoto, Shigefumi Kuwahara, and Masaru Enomoto. "Semipinacol rearrangement of a bicyclo[7.2.0]undecane framework into a bicyclo[6.3.0]undecane skeleton: a model study on the biosynthesis of seiridiasteriscane A." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 85, no. 7 (May 7, 2021): 1621–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbab083.

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ABSTRACT Seiridiasteriscane A is an asteriscane-type sesquiterpenoid bearing a trans-fused bicyclo[6.3.0]undecane skeleton. Although its biosynthesis has been proposed to involve a semipinacol rearrangement of a putative intermediary acetate bearing a bicyclo[7.2.0]undecane ring system (presumably derived from coisolated pestalotiopsin M) followed by epimerization of the resulting cis-fused seiridiasteriscane B, such a type of semipinacol rearrangement has never been reported so far. Our model study revealed that a 1-hydroxybicyclo[7.2.0]undecan-2-yl acetate underwent a smooth and stereospecific semipinacol rearrangement with the assistance of Et2AlCl to give the corresponding bicyclo[6.3.0]undecane-9-one. In addition, the resulting cis-fused 5,8-bicyclic ketone was partially epimerized to the corresponding trans-fused ketone by prolonged adsorption onto a silica gel plate. These results may support a recently proposed biosynthetic pathway of seiridiasteriscane A.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bicyclo[2"

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Michaut, Antoine. "Construction et réactivité de dérivés bicyclo [4. 2. 1] et bicyclo [4. 2. 0] : application à la préparation stéréosélective de cyclooctanes fonctionnalisés." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX30043.

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L'étude porte sur la synthèse de bicyclo[4. 2. 1]nonanes ou de bicyclo[4. 2. 0]octanes à partir de composés 1,3-dicarbonylés. Des β-cétoesters bicycliques sont impliqués dans une séquence domino de cis-[alpha],γ-dialkylation et cyclisés par métathèse. La fragmentation de ces intermédiaires permet de libérer des bicyclo[6. 3. 0] proches du squelette des astériscanolides. Un effet de solvant inattendu a été observé lors de la réduction de dérivés 1,3-dicarbonylés par des hydrures métalliques. En effet le DCM à la place du THF conduit à une réduction contrastérique ou une nette amélioration de la stéréosélectivité ce qui nous a permis de corriger des résultats erronés de la littérature. Enfin nous avons étudié la formation et la fragmentation de bicyclo[4. 2. 0]octanes générés par le clivage d'allylsilanes obtenus par métathèse croisée. L'intervention de ces intermédiaires a pu être mise en évidence dans le cas des -cétosulfones qui ont permis d'isoler le produit d'extension de cycle attendu
We developed a new methodology form 1,3-dicarbonyls for the selective synthesis of bicyclo[4. 2. 1]nonanes or bicyclo[4. 2. 0]octanes which upon fragmentation leads to functionalised cyclooctanes. Using bicyclicβ-ketoesters we proposed a 3-carbon ring expansion involving a domino cis-[alpha],γ-dialkylation followed by a ring closing metathesis. The corresponding bridged bicyclic compounds can be cleaved to fused bicyclo[6. 3. 0] found in naturally occuring asteriscanolide. We also found a unexpected solvent effect in the reduction of the 1,3-dicarbonyls with metal hydrides. The selectivity could be improved or reversed using DCM instead of THF, allowing to correct erroneous results from the literature. Finally, we studied a new 2-carbon ring expansion via a bicyclo[4. 2. 0]octanes generated by cleavage of allylsilanes obtained by cross metathesis. These intermediates were highlighted with -cétosulfones by isolation of the expected product arising from a new anionic domino ring expansion
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Gregg, Timothy Morgan. "Diastereoselective manipulations and conformational calculations of enantiomerically pure bicyclo(M.1.0)alkan-2-ones and bicyclo(M.1.0)alk-3-en-2-ones." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187294.

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Medium- and large-sized cycloalkanones with adjacent fused cyclopropyl rings are excellent substrates for highly diastereoselective reactions. We attribute the high selectivity of these reactions to local conformational rigidity around the stereo genic cyclopropane ring in these otherwise flexible systems. Addition of a variety of nucleophiles to these compounds, where the large ring ranged from eight- to 16-membered, gave cyclopropyl carbinols with >20:1 stereoselectivity. Crystallographic analysis of the products in several cases confirmed that the favored approach of the nucleophile is anti to the geometry of the ring fusion. This ability of the cyclopropyl ring to direct stereoselective reactions at carbonyl was extended to carbon atoms further around the parent ring. In initial studies, alkylations of bicyclo[6.1.0]nonan-2-one lithium enolate gave single a-alkyl ketone diastereomers. These and other bicyclic ketones have been converted to the respective α,β-unsaturated ketones and extremely high diastereoselectivity in 1,2-additions to these compounds was observed, giving the respective allylic cyclopropyl carbinols. Additionally, Michael and cuprate additions to these enones gave 1,4-adducts in good yield, with diastereoselectivity dependent on the specific reaction and the ring size. Molecular mechanics calculations were performed to model the ground state conformations of the starting ketones and enones in these reactions. In the large ensemble of conformers found in each ring size, conformers lowest in energy all tended to expose one face of the carbonyl to the surroundings. For enones, anchoring of the olefin resulted in conformers exhibiting both s-cis and s-trans configurations. For reactions where assumption of early transition states is appropriate, ground state conformers can be used as general, predictive models for diastereoselection. The generalization of these computational results makes our approach to medium and large ring functionalization a powerful tool for the synthesis of medium and large carbocyclic natural products.
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Stahl, Matthew Timothy. "Conformational analysis and nucleophilic addition transition state modeling of bicyclo(m.1.0)alkan-2-ones and bicyclo(m.1.0)alk-3-en-2-ones." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187429.

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Medium and large ring bicyclo (m.1.0) alkan-2-ones and bicyclo (m.1.0) alk-3-en-2-ones are ideal starting materials for stereoselective organic synthesis. Readily available in many ring sizes and in enantiomerically pure form, such carbocyclic skeleta provide entry into numerous natural products. Reactions such as 1,2-addition, α-alkylation, and 1,4-addition have been shown to proceed with high diastereoselectivity due to local conformational anchoring of the cyclopropyl ketone function. In an effort to elucidate the mechanisms of diastereoselectivity and to augment the synthetic utility, computer modeling studies have been performed. The present work began with development of molecular mechanics parameters for the cyclopropyl ketone torsion potential. Cyclopropanes are uniquely composed of sigma bonds containing high p orbital character that are capable of conjugation with α,β pi bonds. Appropriate treatment of cyclopropyl ketone conjugation was derived from ab initio torsion driving studies. The updated force field was then coupled with Monte Carlo conformation searches to explore the three dimensional shapes available to medium and large ring cyclopropyl ketones. Rationale for the observed diastereoselectivity was developed from the starting material conformational preferences, but a more direct probe of the diastereoselectivity of 1,2-asymmetric induction was desired. An empirical force field based on ab initio transition state studies has been developed to describe kinetically controlled nucleophilic additions of methyllithium to cyclopropyl ketones. The developed molecular mechanics model was then applied to transition states constructed from starting material conformations and transition state geometries identified in the ab initio calculations. Computer modeling studies of starting material and transition state conformations are presented, and diastereoselectivity predictions based on the empirical model are compared to experimental results.
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LAKODEY, ALINE. "Synthese de systemes bicyclo(5. 1. 0) octeniques fonctionnalises. Thermolyses de systemes 1-carbethoxy bicyclo(5. 1. 0) oct-2-eniques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR13111.

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Ce memoire decrit une nouvelle synthese de systemes bicyclo(5. 1. 0) octeniques fonctionnalises au depart d'esters cycloheptadieniques eux-memes obtenus par cycloaddition (2+2) formelle de propiolate d'ethyle sur des enamines de cyclopentanone et d'indanone suivie d'une ouverture de cycle des cyclobutenes formes et d'une desamination reductive. Ces esters cycloheptadieniques reagissent avec divers diazoalcanes (2-diazo propane, diazomethane) pour conduire aux delta-1 pyrazolines correspondantes dont les traitements thermiques ou photochimiques fournissent les systemes bicyclo(5. 1. 0) octeniques attendus. L'elimination du groupe ester situe a la jonction de cycle de ces systemes bicycliques, critique a priori, a ete realisee avec succes, ce qui permet d'envisager l'application de cette nouvelle methode a la synthese de produits naturels. Par ailleurs, une nouvelle transposition cationique permettant de passer d'un systeme bicyclo(5. 1. 0) octenique a un systeme bicyclo(3. 2. 1) octenique a pu etre mise en evidence au cours de ce travail. L'action d'un exces de dioxyde de selenium sur un systeme benzobicyclo(5. 1. 0) octenique nous a egalement permis de decouvrir une nouvelle voie d'acces aux derives benzoheptafulveniques. Enfin, la thermolyse eclair des differents systeme bicyclo(5. 1. 0) octeniques nous a conduit a des migrations sigmatropiques homo(1,5) d'hydrogene plutot qu'au rearrangement des structures vinylcyclopropaniques en cyclopentenes
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GANDOLFI, ISABELLE. "Rearrangements acido-catalyses de systemes 2-oxa-bicyclo(4. 2. 0) octanes. Contribution a la synthese d'analogues des trichothecenes." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112027.

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Ce travail decrit les rearrangements acido-catalyses des systemes 2-oxa-bicyclo(4. 2. 0) octanes: contribution a la synthese des cycles pontes b/c des mycotoxines de type trichothecene telles que l'anguidine: 1) voie lactone: l'addition photochimique de l'acetylene sur la lactone 15 n'est pas stereospecifique. De ce fait, aucun rearrangement n'a ete tente sur le cyclobutenyl carbinol b; 2) voie enone: differents alcools tertiaires 48 et 49, possedant le systeme 2-oxa-bicyclo(4. 2. 0)octane ont ete synthetises. Leur stabilite en presence de bf#3-et#2o ou d'acide formique ne conduit pas, dans les conditions douces etudiees, a la formation du systeme ponte (3. 2. 1) octane cible; 3) la stabilite de ces unites 2-oxa-bicyclo(4. 2. 0)octanes a ete confirmee dans le cas du compose 69 en presence de bf#3-et#2o. La formation de l'isomere 73 a partir de 69 implique la rupture de la liaison centrale par un mecanisme de type retroaldolisation; 4) l'etude des effets conformationnels des differents composes synthetises en r. M. N. #1#3c montre que ce squelette 2-oxa-bicyclo(4. 2. 0) octene est flexible. A l'inverse, la stabilite du systeme sature correspondant est a associer aux plus faibles variations relevees des deplacements chimiques
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Clissold, Cole. "Synthesis of substituted #delta#-lactones from cis-bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-one." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296601.

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Aziz, Mostafa. "Synthèse de produits naturels et des racémiques correspondants comportant le squelette du trimethyl-1,3,3 oxa-7 bicyclo (2. 2. 1) heptane." Le Mans, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LEMA1030.

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On examine deux approches synthetiques. La premiere voie met a profit le rearrangement en milieu acide de derives selenies obtenus au depart du geraniol. Les seleno-alcools obtenus sont transformes en bicycloethers cherche par deux voies distinctes. Cependant cette voie mene aux derives de type endo qui ne sont pas de type naturel. La seconde approche se rapporte au rearrangement des epoxydes terminaux par emploi des acides de lewis, tel sncl::(4) le plus adapte aux isomerisations souhaitees. Apres avoir mis au point cette sequence, le travail se divise en deux directions: recherche d'une voie d'homologation pour passer aux derives sesquiterpeniques par addition, d'une unite isoprenique (synthese convergente), preparation directe de l'epoxy-3'6' auraptene soit en serie racemique, soit en serie optiquement active par l'intermediaire d'un epoxyde de configuration 3r. Dans ce dernier cas on obtient le compose nature. Un diagramme ortep issu d'une etude par rayons x d'un monocristal de ce compose permet de definir la stereochimie sans ambiguite, ce qui n'avait jamais ete realise a ce jour dans cette serie dont la configuration absolue du centre d'asymetrie est 3r. Enfin par conversion enantiomerique et passage par la (+)-marmine, on accede a la serie de chiralite inverse. Les principaux objectifs ont donc ete atteints
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Benchikh-Le-Hocine, Mohamed El Ouard. "Contribution à la synthèse totale des diterpènes tricycliques de type taxane." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112177.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est de mettre au point une nouvelle méthode de synthèse de sous-structures du taxane, groupe des diterpènes dont certains possèdent des activités antileucémique et antitumorale prononcées. La première partie de ce travail décrit la préparation du triméthyl-4, 10, 10 bicyclo [5, 2, 1] décèn-3 dione-2,6, modèle simplifié comportant les cycles A et 8 convenablement fonctionnalisés. Une étude systématique del'addition photochimique [2 + 2] de l'allène sur les dicétones-1,3 et leurs dérivés, a permis de mettre en évidence l'effet du substituant sur la régiosélectivité de la réaction. Le réarrangement moléculaire (acido-catalysé ou basique) de ces adduits photochimiques conduit à la formation du triméthyl-4, 10, 10 bicyclo [5, 2, 1] décèn-3 dione-2,6. La deuxième partie décrit la préparation de l'hydroxy-2 triméthyl-1, 4, 4 dioxalan-7 bicyclo [6,4,0]dodécadione-3,11 comportant les cycles 8 et C du squelette taxane, par une réaction de photocycloaddition [2 + 2]de l'acétoxy-1 méthyl-2 dioxal n-5 hexène. Au cours de ce travail, nous avons pu montrer la complexité des réactions de photo cyclo addition [2 + 2] et les réactions d'alkylation appliquées à des systèmes possédant des cycles à 8 chaînons.
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Bonfantini, Edia. "Synthèse et réactivité des complexes carbonylfer du (dimethoxymethyl)-1 dimethylidène-5,6 oxa-7 bicyclo(2.2.1)heptène-2 /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1990. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=827.

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Barbe, Guillaume. "Étude de la formation de composés bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-1(7)-én-6-one via une réaction de cycloaddition [2+2] intramoléculaire implicant la fonction cétène." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4632.

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Le présent mémoire est divisé en quatre chapitres traitant de l’étude de la formation de composés de type bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-l(7)-én-6-one. Cette étude prend son origine dans une méthodologie que le professeur Bélanger veut éventuellement mettre sur pied et qui met en valeur une fonction relativement peu utilisée en synthèse organique, le cétène. Le premier chapitre traite de la première méthode imaginée pour la formation des composés bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-l(7)-én-6-one. Celle-ci consiste en la cycloaddition [2+2] entre un cétène et un alcyne menant à une cyclobuténone. Une particularité de cette réaction est que celle-ci est connue de façon intermoléculaire, mais la version intramoléculaire est à ce jour encore sans précédent. Afin de pouvoir appliquer cette réaction pour la formation du type de composé visé, la version intramoléculaire devait être étudiée et les résultats de cette étude sont présentés dans ce chapitre. Dans le chapitre 2, les résultats d’une étude sur des équivalents d’alcyne sont présentés. Par équivalent d’alcyne, il est entendu que les groupements fonctionnels utilisés pourraient permettre d’obtenir la cyclobuténone fusionnée non plus en une seule étape, mais bien en une séquence de réactions. Ces différentes alternatives à la fonction alcyne sont présentées selon deux perspectives. Tout d’abord, trois méthodes ont été étudiées pouvant permettre la séquence réactionnelle en cascade et ainsi avoir accès aux composés cibles dans un seul ballon de réaction et dans les mêmes conditions. Ensuite, une autre méthode est présentée consistant cette fois en une séquence de deux réactions devant, dans ce cas-ci, être effectuée en deux temps. Le troisième chapitre présente les résultats obtenus lors de l’étude de la formation d’un composé modèle de type bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-l(7)-én-6-one à partir d ’un composé de type bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-6-one. Cette méthode consiste alors en l’oxydation d’une cyclobutanone en cyclobuténone correspondante et implique ainsi une transformation chimique formant une structure moléculaire très tendue. Enfin, il est discuté dans le dernier chapitre d’autres alternatives aux méthodes présentées dans les chapitres précédents et prenant toujours avantage de la fonction cétène. Certains résultats sommaires y sont présentés en guise d’introduction à des études éventuelles sur ces différentes méthodes.
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Books on the topic "Bicyclo[2"

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Ryus, Paul, Andrew Butsick, Frank R. Proulx, Robert J. Schneider, and Tony Hull. Methods and Technologies for Pedestrian and Bicycle Volume Data Collection: Phase 2. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/24732.

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10 temples on 2 wheels: Exploring Kamakura by bicycle or on foot. Mudgeeraba, Qld: Scribblers Publishing, 2008.

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Thomas, L. C. 'Taking a tandem to pieces and ending up with a bicycle' (John Caird): A consideration to John Caird's approach to his television adaptation of Henry IV part 1 and 2. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1996.

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Lawrie, Robin. Fear 3.1. Minneapolis: Stone Arch Books, 2007.

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Lawrie, Robin. Radar riders. Minneapolis: Stone Arch Books, 2007.

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Lawrie, Robin. First among losers. Minneapolis: Stone Arch Books, 2007.

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Pato va en bici. Barcelona: Ed. Juventud, 2002.

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Ya zi qi che ji. Taibei Shi: Xiao lu wen hua shi ye gu fen you xian gong si, 2003.

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Duck on a bike. New York: Blue Sky Press, 2002.

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Shannon, David. Duck on a bike. New York: Blue Sky Press, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bicyclo[2"

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Winkelmann, J. "Diffusion of 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane (1); carbon dioxide (2)." In Gases in Gases, Liquids and their Mixtures, 1729. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49718-9_1308.

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Roberts, Stanley M. "Use of Microorganisms for the Resolution of Synthetically Useful Bicyclo[3.2.0]Hept-2-En-6-Ones." In Enzymes as Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, 55–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4686-6_5.

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Winkelmann, Jochen. "Diffusion coefficient of 1,7,7-trimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dione in 2-hydroxy-benzoic acid phenyl ester." In Diffusion in Gases, Liquids and Electrolytes, 1339. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54089-3_903.

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Piers, Edward. "The Preparation and Thermal Rearrangement of Functionalized 6-(1-Alkenyl)Bicyclo[3.1.0]Hex-2-Enes. Applications to synthesis." In Strain and Its Implications in Organic Chemistry, 39–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0929-8_3.

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Torborg, C., C. Samojłowicz, and K. Grela. "Polymerization of Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene." In Water in Organic Synthesis, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-206-00196.

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"Bicyclo[3.3.0]octa-1(5),2-diene to Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-7-ium." In Substance Index, edited by Backes, Fröhlich, and Padeken. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0035-114013.

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Salan, J. "Of a Bicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-one Tosylhydrazone." In Ketones, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-026-00440.

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Kostikov, R., and M. S. Baird. "Rearrangement of Bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-ene Derivatives." In Alkanes, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-048-00353.

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Tidwell, T. T. "Bicyclo[n.2.0]alkanones by Intramolecular [2+2] Cycloaddition with Alkenyl Groups." In Three Carbon-Heteroatom Bonds: Thio-, Seleno-, and Tellurocarboxylic Acids and Derivatives; Imidic Acids and Derivatives; Ortho Acid Derivatives, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-023-00603.

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Eames, J. "Resolution of 2-[(-Butoxycarbonyl)amino]-3-(hydroxymethyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane." In Alcohols, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-036-00314.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bicyclo[2"

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Kraus, W., Jochen Temper, and B. Vogler. "Synthesis of Substituted 2-Oxa-bicyclo[3.3.]octanes and -[4.3.0]nonanes." In The 1st International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-1-02057.

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Machado, Shirley Muniz, Felipe César Sousa e. Silva, and Gil Valdo José da Silva. "A preparation of bicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-one by sequential Michael reactions." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0099-2.

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Layton, Bradley, Lauren Jablonowski, Ryan Kirby, and Nicholas Lampe. "Bicycle Infrastructure Development Strategy for Suburban Commuting." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42233.

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We present a “Bicycle Highway” transportation alternative to automobile commuting by exploring avenues for reducing perceived impediments to bicycle commuting. The three primary goals of the project are: 1) Address the American diabetes and obesity epidemics by making exercising on a daily basis a more desirable and viable alternative. 2) Address the problem of greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants by partially replacing combustion engines with human-powered transportation. 3) Address the problem of the United States’ dependence on foreign oil by diminishing energy demand for short-range transportation. The primary variables we will consider are N, the number of people being transported, d, the distance being traveled, C, the energy cost required to travel the distance, and t, the time required to travel the distance. The Bicycle Highway was found to have a poorer throughput rating when only construction costs were considered, but a better throughput rating when vehicle and fuel costs are introduced. The Bicycle Highway offers a timely and economical solution to the numerous side-effects of the century-long success of the gasoline-powered automobile. A transportation corridor that is designated solely for bicyclists, human-electric hybrid and zero-emission vehicles, would allow for a greater volume of commuter traffic with minimal energetic and entropic impact. This proposed roadway promises to make bicycle travel much safer and will alleviate frustration felt by motorists sharing the road with bicycles. We expect cost-effectiveness of our design to be enhanced further if reductions in obesity, asthma, and lung-disease related costs are considered in future case studies.
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Doria, Alberto, and Edoardo Marconi. "A Testing Method for the Prediction of Comfort of City Bicycles." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85128.

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An experimental/numerical method for predicting bicycle comfort from laboratory tests is presented. The frequency response functions of the seat post and of the handlebar stem are measured by means of impulsive excitation applied on vibrating tables placed under the front and rear wheel. The interference between front and rear excitation, which occurs on the road, is taken into account by numerically calculating the correlated frequency response function. Numerical calculations based on the concept of vehicle mission make it possible to manage the dependence of acceleration on forward speed and to calculate acceleration indexes. Results obtained with 2 bicycles and 3 levels of inflation pressure show the validity of the method.
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Sooraksa, Pitikhate, T. Uthairat, S. Kaopratum, U. Sritheerawirojana, and V. Monyakul. "A Bicycle Robot: Part 2 System Implementation." In 17th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc2000/0061.

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Aphiratsakun, Narong, and Kittiphan Techakittiroj. "Autonomous AU Bicycle: Self-Balancing and tracking control (AUSB2)." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robio.2013.6739505.

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Dressel, Andrew E., and Adeeb Rahman. "Benchmarking Bicycle and Motorcycle Equations of Motion." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47344.

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In 2007, Meijaard, et al. [1] presented the canonical linearized equations of motion for the Whipple bicycle model along with test cases for checking alternative formulations of the equations of motion or alternative numerical solutions. This paper describes benchmarking three other implementations of bike equations of motion: the linearized equations for bicycles written by Papadopoulos and Schwab [2] in JBike6, the non-linear equations for bicycles outlined by Schwab [3] and implemented in MATLAB as a Cornell University class project, and the non-linear equations for motorcycles implemented in FastBike from the Motorcycle Dynamics Research Group at the University of Padua. [4] Some implementations are easier to benchmark than others. For example, JBike6 is designed to produce eigenvalues and easily exposes the coefficients of its linearized equations of motion. At the other extreme, the class project non-linear equations were not originally intended to generate eigenvalues and are implemented in a single 48×48 matrix. Finally, while FastBike does generate eigenvalues, its equations of motion incorporate tire and frame compliance, which cannot be completely disabled. Instead, the tire stiffness parameters must be increased, but not so much as to cause convergence errors in FastBike. In the end, all three implementations generate eigenvalues that match the published benchmark values to varying degrees. JBike6 comes the closest, with agreement of 12 digits or more. The class project is second, with agreement of 12 digits for most forward speeds, but with a loss of measurable agreement near the capsize speed due to a peak in the eigenvalue condition number. Unfortunately, FastBike is limited at this time to exporting eigenvalues with no more than two decimal places, and so agreement can only be found to ±0.005.
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Kooijman, J. D. G., and A. L. Schwab. "Experimental Validation of the Lateral Dynamics of a Bicycle on a Treadmill." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86965.

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In this paper, an experimental validation of the lateral dynamics of a bicycle running on a treadmill is presented. From a theoretical point of view, bicycling straight ahead on a treadmill with constant belt velocity should be identical to bicycling on flat level ground with constant forward speed. However, two major differences remain: first, stiffnesses of the contact of the tire with the belt compared to the contact on flat level ground; second, the belt velocity is fixed with respect to the world, irrespective of the change in heading of the bicycle on the treadmill. The admissibility of these two differences is checked by comparing experimental results with numerical simulation results. The numerical simulations are performed on a three-degree-of-freedom benchmarked bicycle model [1]. For the validation we consider the linearized equations of motion for small perturbations of the upright steady forward motion. This model has been validated experimentally in a previous work [2]. The experimental system consists of an instrumented bicycle without a rider on a large treadmill. Sensors are present for measuring the roll rate, yaw rate, steering angle, and rear wheel rotation. Measurements are recorded for the case in which the laterally perturbed bicycle coasts freely on the treadmill. From these measured data, eigenvalues are extracted by means of curve fitting. These eigenvalues are then compared with the results from the linearized equations of motion of the model. As a result, the model appeared to be accurate within the normal bicycling speed range, and in particular the transition from stable to unstable weave motion was very well predicted.
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Jia-Hui, Ji, and Xu Guang-Hui. "Oriented bicyclic graphs whose skew spectral radius does not exceed 2." In 3rd International Conference on Multimedia Technology(ICMT-13). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmt-13.2013.10.

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Koll, Liliana, Julio Podestá, and Flavia Zacconi. "Synthesis of Optically Active Derivatives of Bicyclic Chiral Diols with C2 Symmetry." In The 14th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-14-00382.

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Reports on the topic "Bicyclo[2"

1

Gable, Carl Walter, Lisa Marie Dougherty, Charlene Beth Brown, Cristina Olds, William Raymond Mairson, Grant Lorenz Stewart, Brett Michael Kettering, et al. LANL Bicycle Safety Committee - November 2018 Survey Results (Rev. 2). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1501763.

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Krogmeier, J., and Darcy Bullock. Statewide Wireless Communications Project, Volume 2: Inductive Loop Detection of Bicycles and Inductive Loop Signature Processing for Travel Time Estimation. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284314219.

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