Journal articles: 'Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis Bb12'

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Solano-Aguilar, Gloria, Harry Dawson, Marta Restrepo, Kate Andrews, Bryan Vinyard, and Joseph F. Urban. "Detection of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (Bb12) in the Intestine after Feeding of Sows and Their Piglets." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 20 (August 8, 2008): 6338–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00309-08.

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ABSTRACT A real-time PCR method has been developed to distinguish Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies in the gastrointestinal tracts of pigs. Identification of a highly conserved single-copy tuf gene encoding the elongation factor Tu involved in bacterial protein biosynthesis was used as a marker to differentiate homologous Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (strain Bb12) from Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis, as well as Bifidobacterium suis, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium longum, several species of Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus faecium. Real-time PCR detection of serially diluted DNA extracted from a pure culture of Bb12 was linear for bacterial numbers ranging from 10 to 10,000 tuf gene copies per PCR (r 2 = 0.99). Relative differences in Bb12 bacterial numbers in pigs fed daily with Bb12 were determined after detection of Bb12 tuf gene copies in DNA extracted from the intestinal contents. Piglets treated with Bb12 immediately after birth maintained a high level of Bb12 in their large intestines with continuous daily administration of Bb12. Piglets born to Bb12-treated sows during the last third of their gestation and also treated with Bb12 at birth (T/T group) had a higher number of Bb12 organisms per gram of intestinal contents compared to placebo-treated piglets born to placebo-treated sows (C/C group), Bb12-treated sows (T/C group), or piglets born to placebo sows but treated with Bb12 immediately after birth (C/T group). In addition, there was a significant increase in gene expression for Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in piglets from the T/T group, with no change in TLR2 and TLR4. These findings suggest that the tuf gene represents a specific and functional marker for detecting Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain Bb12 within the microbiota of the intestine.

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Lisová, I., Š. Horáčková, R. Kováčová, V. Rada, and M. Plocková. "Emulsion encapsulation of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 with the addition of lecithin." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 31, No. 3 (May 22, 2013): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/188/2012-cjfs.

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The commercial probiotic strain Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 was encapsulated using emulsion encapsulation into milk protein matrix without and with the addition of 0.5% w/w lecithin into the oil. Different agitation speeds were used during the encapsulation process. The examination of microcapsules was carried out by optical microscope and fluorescence in situ hybridisation. The particle size distribution as volume based median d0.5 was evaluated by the laser diffraction method. In the case of no lecithin addition, the agitation speed did not influence significantly the size of the microcapsules. The addition of 0.5% (w/w) of lecithin into the oil caused a decrease of d0.5 value from 196 ± 37 µm to 79 ± 3 µm at an agitation speed of 500 rpm, and from 193 ± 24 µm to 39 ± 3 µm at 1200 rpm. It can improve the sensory properties of the products with the added microcapsules.

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Kumherová, Monika, Kristina Veselá, Kateřina Jokešová, Iveta Klojdová, and Šárka Horáčková. "Influence of co-encapsulation of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 with inulin and ascorbic acid on its viability." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 38, No. 1 (February 29, 2020): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/292/2019-cjfs.

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Eight types of capsules containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 with addition of inulin and/or ascorbic acid were prepared by emulsion method with milk protein matrix or by extrusion method with alginate matrix. The size of protein and alginate capsules containing only Bb12 was 204 ± 18 µm and 1.7 ± 0.1 mm, respectively. Addition of both inulin (1% w/w) and ascorbic acid (0.5% w/w) increased the size of alginate capsules. Both methods of encapsulation prevented efficiently the manifestation of Bb12 cell metabolic activity. All types of encapsulation provided higher resistance of Bb12 cells to the conditions of a model gastrointestinal tract (GIT) compared to free cells. The influence of co-encapsulation with inulin (1% w/w) and ascorbic acid (0.5% w/w) on viability in model GIT was not demonstrable in alginate capsules but it was significant in protein capsules. The most efficient was co-encapsulation in a protein matrix with 1% w/w inulin and 0.5% w/w ascorbic acid.

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Alhaj, Omar A., Ara D. Kanekanian, Adrian C. Peters, and Arthur S. Tatham. "Hypocholesterolaemic effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (Bb12) and trypsin casein hydrolysate." Food Chemistry 123, no. 2 (November 2010): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.04.061.

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Šárka, Horáčková, Rokytová Kristýna, Bialasová Kristina, Klojdová Iveta, and Sluková Marcela. "Fruit juices with probiotics – new type of functional foods." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 36, No. 4 (September 3, 2018): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/39/2018-cjfs.

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The cells of commercial strain Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 were encapsulated using emulsion encapsulation in a milk protein matrix. The volume based median of the microcapsules was 52.1 ± 6.2 µm. The stability of free and encapsulated cells was compared during 28 day-storage in pineapple juice and in strawberry-apple juice at 8 ± 1°C and 22 ± 1°C. Encapsulation ensured a higher number of cells compared to the free cells only at 8 ± 1°C. Strawberry-apple juice was found to be not suitable as probiotic vehicle. Both free and encapsulated cells lost their viability after 14 days at 22 ± 1°C. The number of bifidobacteria cells, pH and lactic and acetic acid content did not change in pineapple and strawberry-apple juice after 24 h cultivation at 37°C.

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Yahla, Imene, Hasnia Ziar, Mohamed Benali, and Ali Riazi. "Bacterial Conjugated Linoleic Acid Effect on Hepatic and Adipose Tis-sues of High-Fat diet-Induced Obese Rats." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 6, no. 4 (December 23, 2016): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.6(4).p143-149.

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The aim of the present study is to background the effect of conjugated lino-leic acid isomers (CLA) produced by two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus rham-nosus LBRE-LSAS (a human originated bacterium) and Bifidobacterium ani-malis subsp lactis Bb12, on both hepatic and adipose tissues of high-fat diet fed Wistar rats. Five-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n=6) fed a high-fat diet for three of them (control and supplemented with 1x109 CFU per rat of LBRE-LSAS or Bb12 strain and 1.4% of free linoleic acid; designed as treated rats) and a standard diet for the fourth group. After 8 weeks of experimental period, rats were sacrificed after chloroform anesthe-sia; livers and adipose tissues of each group were excised for biochemical and histological analyses. Obtained results showed that livers of treated high-fat diet fed rats did not exhibit a hepatic steatosis like those of untreated high-fat diet fed rats (control group) did. Lipid profile (triglycerides and total cholesterol) of the liver and the adipose tissue was markedly improved in treated rat groups, especially in LBRE-LSAS strain given high-fat diet rats. Such results strongly support the occurrence of the bacterial power of Lacto-bacillus rhamnosus LBRE-LSAS and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis Bb12 to modulate lipid metabolism and to avoid steatosis in diet-induced model of obesity in rat.

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Splichalova, Alla, Sharon M. Donovan, Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova, Zbynek Stranak, Zdislava Splichalova, and Igor Splichal. "Monoassociation of Preterm Germ-Free Piglets with Bifidobacterium animalis Subsp. lactis BB-12 and Its Impact on Infection with Salmonella Typhimurium." Biomedicines 9, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9020183.

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Preterm germ-free piglets were monoassociated with probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 (BB12) to verify its safety and to investigate possible protection against subsequent infection with Salmonella Typhimurium strain LT2 (LT2). Clinical signs of salmonellosis, bacterial colonization in the intestine, bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), blood, liver, spleen, and lungs, histopathological changes in the ileum, claudin-1 and occludin mRNA expression in the ileum and colon, intestinal and plasma concentrations of IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-10 were evaluated. Both BB12 and LT2 colonized the intestine of the monoassociated piglets. BB12 did not translocate in the BB12-monoassociated piglets. BB12 was detected in some cases in the MLN of piglets, consequently infected with LT2, but reduced LT2 counts in the ileum and liver of these piglets. LT2 damaged the luminal structure of the ileum, but a previous association with BB12 mildly alleviated these changes. LT2 infection upregulated claudin-1 mRNA in the ileum and colon and downregulated occludin mRNA in the colon. Infection with LT2 increased levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the intestine and plasma, and BB12 mildly downregulated them compared to LT2 alone. Despite reductions in bacterial translocation and inflammatory cytokines, clinical signs of LT2 infection were not significantly affected by the probiotic BB12. Thus, we hypothesize that multistrain bacterial colonization of preterm gnotobiotic piglets may be needed to enhance the protective effect against the infection with S. Typhimurium LT2.

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Anania, Caterina, Vincenza Patrizia Di Marino, Francesca Olivero, Daniela De Canditiis, Giulia Brindisi, Federico Iannilli, Giovanna De Castro, Anna Maria Zicari, and Marzia Duse. "Treatment with a Probiotic Mixture Containing Bifidobacterium animalis Subsp. Lactis BB12 and Enterococcus faecium L3 for the Prevention of Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Nutrients 13, no. 4 (April 16, 2021): 1315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13041315.

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Background: Probiotics may prevent the allergic response development due to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. The aim of this study is to determine if the prophylactic treatment with a mixture of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis BB12 and Enterococcus faecium L3 would reduce symptoms and need for drug use in children with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: The study included 250 children aged from 6 to 17 years, affected by AR. Patients were randomly assigned to the intervention group (150) or to the placebo group (100). Patients in the intervention group, in addition to conventional therapy (local corticosteroids and/or oral antihistamines), were treated in the 3 months preceding the onset of symptoms related to the presence of the allergen to which the children were most sensitized, with a daily oral administration of a probiotic mixture containing the Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis BB12 DSM 15954 and the Enterococcus faecium L3 LMG P-27496 strain. We used Nasal Symptoms Score (NSS) to evaluate AR severity before and after the treatment with probiotics or placebo. Results: the patients in the intervention group had a significant reduction in their NSS after probiotic treatment (p-value = 2.2 × 10−10. Moreover, for the same group of patients, we obtained a significant reduction in the intake of pharmacological therapy. In particular, we obtained a reduction in the use of oral antihistamines (p-value = 2.2 × 10−16), local corticosteroids (p-value = 2.2 × 10−13), and of both drugs (p-value 1.5 × 10−15). Conclusions: When administered as a prophylactic treatment, a mixture of BB12 and L3 statistically decreased signs and symptoms of AR and reduced significantly the need of conventional therapy.

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Hyrslova, Ivana, Gabriela Krausova, Jana Smolova, Barbora Stankova, Tomas Branyik, Hana Malinska, Martina Huttl, Antonin Kana, Ladislav Curda, and Ivo Doskocil. "Functional Properties of Chlorella vulgaris, Colostrum, and Bifidobacteria, and Their Potential for Application in Functional Foods." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (June 6, 2021): 5264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115264.

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The market for new functional foods and food supplements is rapidly evolving, with a current emphasis on using natural sources. Algae, probiotics, and colostrum are rich sources of nutrients and bioactive compounds with positive effects on human and animal health. To determine the potential for developing new functional foods combining these components, we evaluated their synergistic effects. We assessed the growth of selected bifidobacteria in a medium supplemented with Chlorella vulgaris and its immunomodulatory and cytotoxic effects on the human peripheral mononuclear cells and colon cancer cell lines Caco-2 and HT29. The hypocholesterolemic effects of Chlorella powder and bovine colostrum fermented by Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB12® on lipid metabolism in rats fed a high-fat diet were also determined. Chlorella addition promoted Bifidobacteria growth, with significantly increased inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α and IL-6) levels following 1.0% (w/v) Chlorella stimulation. Rats fed diets containing fermented colostrum with 0.5% (w/v) added Chlorella powder exhibited significantly decreased triglyceride, very low-density lipoprotein, and alanine and aspartate aminotransferase levels, compared to those of the control group. These results support that C. vulgaris is not cytotoxic in intestinal cell models and affords prebiotic and immunomodulatory effects, as well as synergistic triglyceride-lowering effects with bovine colostrum and B. animalis subsp. lactis BB-12.

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Harata, Gaku, Kazutoyo Yoda, Ruipeng Wang, Kenji Miyazawa, Masayuki Sato, Fang He, and Akihito Endo. "Species- and Age/Generation-Dependent Adherence of Bifidobacterium bifidum to Human Intestinal Mucus In Vitro." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030542.

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Adhesion to intestinal mucus is the first event in the process by which intestinal microbes colonize the intestine. It plays a critical role in the initiation of interactions between gut microbes and host animals. Despite the importance, the adhesion properties of probiotics are generally characterized using porcine mucin; adhesion to human mucus has been poorly characterized. In the present study, human intestinal mucus samples were isolated from 114 fecal samples collected from healthy infants and adults. In initial screening, four out of the 13 beneficial microbes tested, including the type strain of Bifidobacterium bifidum, B. bifidum TMC3115, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12, showed strong adhesion abilities to human mucus. The type strain of B. bifidum and TMC3115 adhered more strongly to neonatal and infant mucus than to adult mucus, while L. rhamnosus GG and B. lactis Bb12 adhered more strongly to adult mucus than to infant mucus. Similar results were obtained for ten additional strains of B. bifidum. In conclusion, age/generation-related differences were observed in the adhesion properties of B. bifidum and other strains. A deeper symbiotic relationship may exist between infants, particularly neonates, and B. bifidum based on its enhanced adhesion to neonatal intestinal mucus.

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Chaves, Fernanda M., Igor L. Baptista, Fernando M. Simabuco, Paula G. F. Quaresma, Fabiola L. Pena, Rosangela M. N. Bezerra, Jose R. Pauli, Diogo T. da Cunha, Patricia L. Campos-Ferraz, and Adriane E. C. Antunes. "High-intensity-exercise-induced intestinal damage is protected by fermented milk supplemented with whey protein, probiotic and pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)." British Journal of Nutrition 119, no. 8 (April 12, 2018): 896–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114518000594.

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AbstractHere we evaluated the effect of fermented milk supplemented with whey protein (approximately 80 % protein), probiotic (Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB12) and pomegranate juice (Punica granatum L.) on the physical performance, intestinal motility and villi structure, inflammatory markers and intestinal microbiota of rats under high-intensity acute exercise. In all, twenty-four Wistar rats were separated into groups: control (Ctrl), supplemented (Supp), exercised (Exe) and exercised and supplemented (Exe+Supp). Rats in the Supp groups received fermented milk during 6 weeks by oral administration. At the end of the supplementation period, the Exe groups were submitted to high-intensity acute exercise on a treadmill. We found that intense acute exercise caused changes in the intestinal villi interspace, changes in the proportion of Lactobacillus species and an increase in Clostridium species, as well as a decrease in intestinal motility. Supplementation increased intestinal motility, and maintained the intestinal villi interspace and the natural microbiota proportions of the exercised rats. Physical performance was not improved by fermented milk supplementation. We conclude that the fermented milk containing whey protein, B. animalis (BB12) and pomegranate juice can re-establish intestinal microbiota and protect the animals from the undesirable effects of intense acute exercise.

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Skenderidis, Prodromos, Chrysanthi Mitsagga, Dimitrios Lampakis, Konstantinos Petrotos, and Ioannis Giavasis. "The Effect of Encapsulated Powder of Goji Berry (Lycium barbarum) on Growth and Survival of Probiotic Bacteria." Microorganisms 8, no. 1 (December 28, 2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010057.

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The aim of the present work was to investigate the potential prebiotic action of Goji berry powder on selected probiotic bacteria grown in a nutritive synthetic substrate and in simulated gastric and intestinal juices. Different probiotic strains of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were grown in these substrates with or without the addition of encapsulated goji berry extracts of different polysaccharide and polyphenol contents. The results proved that the addition of the extracts promoted the proliferation of probiotic strains and, in particular, increased the number of bacterial colonies of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (Bb12), Bifidobacterium longum (Bb46), and Lactobacillus casei by 2, 0.26, and 1.34 (log cfu/mL), respectively. Furthermore, the prebiotic effect seems to be correlated to Goji berry polysaccharides and/or polyphenols, higher contents of which (under the tested concentrations) could increase the stress tolerance of B. lactis and B. longum in a simulated gastrointestinal environment. According to the findings of the present research, it can be suggested that the Goji berry encapsulated extracts could be used as prebiotic additives in food or nutraceuticals, in order to stimulate growth or protect the viability of probiotic strains of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus.

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Božanić, R., S. Lovković, and I. Jeličić. "Optimising fermentation of soymilk with probiotic bacteria." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 29, No. 1 (February 14, 2011): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/97/2010-cjfs.

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Soymilk was fermented with probiotic culture ABT5 and yoghurt culture with the addition of bifidobacteria at different temperatures (37°C and 42°C) with the aim of shortening the fermentation time and producing a probiotic fermented soymilk. During the fermentation and storage of the fermented soymilk (28 days at +4°C), the changes in pH-value and viable cells count were observed. Incubation temperature did not affect significantly fermentation time (7 h at 42°C and 8 h at 37°C, respectively), with ABT5 culture (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium spp., and Streptococcus thermophilus). However, Lactobacillus acidophilus survived poorly during cold storage and the viable cells count was under the probiotic minimum as soon as after the first week of storage. Therefore in the consequent phase of the experiment, soymilk was fermented at 42°C with yoghurt culture YCX11 enriched with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12. Consequently, the fermentation time was shortened to 4 hours whereby the viable cells count of bifidobacteria increased during fermentation for the half of the logarithm scale approximately. During 28 days of cold storage, bacterial count remained constant and above 107 CFU/ml.

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Keddari, Soumia, Iyas Aldib, and Ali Riazi. "In vivo stimulatory effects of wheat bran on intestinal microbial ecosystem of mice." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 4, no. 1 (March 16, 2014): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.4(1).p24-32.

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The prebiotic effect in vivo of wheat bran on growth and colonization of both strains bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis Bb12 and B. bifi-dum Bb 443) and two lactic strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus LbA - CEC-T4529; L.rhamnosus LBRE - LSAS) was investigated. Conventional Swiss mice received a daily dose of orogastric monocultures of different strains tested for 4 weeks. These mice were fed a diet supplemented with or without wheat bran by weight. Changes in weight, implantation of strains and modifi-cation of microflora were monitored throughout the study. At the end of the experiment, after 4 weeks of observation, the sample of blood, various or-gans, and tissues of the digestive tract were collected to determine the he-matological parameters and biochemical parameters, blood and various or-gans were used in the study of bacterial translocation and gut tissue in the histological study. The results show the prebiotic effect of wheat bran on the location of the strains studied. This colonization by beneficial bacteria con-tributes significantly to the modification of the intestinal microbiota. Indeed, a reduction rate of the germ Bacteroides was recorded. The results of hema-tological and biochemical parameters showed no significant difference be-tween mice of different lots. In general, the values were within the stand-ards. According to the histological study of vital tissues, administration of lactic three strains (Bb12, Bb443 and LBRE- LSAS) has revealed no expression of inflammation or necrosis. In contrast, inflammatory effects and tissue ne-crosis were detected during the administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain.

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Chae, Jung Min, Wan Heo, Hyung Taek Cho, Dong Hun Lee, Jun Ho Kim, Min Suk Rhee, Tae-Sik Park, Yong Ki Kim, Jin Hyup Lee, and Young Jun Kim. "Effects of Orally-Administered Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Strain BB12 on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Mice." Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 28, no. 11 (November 28, 2018): 1800–1805. http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1805.05072.

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Du, Xue, Jessica Rodriguez, and Josephine Wee. "Dietary Postbiotics Reduce Cytotoxicity and Inflammation Induced by Crystalline Silica in an In Vitro RAW 264.7 Macrophage Model." Foods 11, no. 6 (March 19, 2022): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11060877.

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Crystalline silica (cSiO2) particles are naturally existing environmental toxicants. Exposure to cSiO2 could cause local or systemic inflammation and aggregate inflammation-associated diseases. Dietary postbiotics are reported to possess anti-inflammatory activities; however, their effects on cSiO2-triggered inflammation are unknown. Here, we investigate the impact of postbiotics from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (LGG), Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L.reu), and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 (BB12) on cSiO2-induced cytotoxicity and IL-1 cytokines in vitro using macrophages. The postbiotics used in this study were cell-free fractions of a probiotic growth medium collected at different time points. The in vitro model used was the wild-type murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line stably transfected with the inflammasome adapter protein, ASC. Our results indicate that all the postbiotics could reduce cSiO2-induced cytotoxicity in the wild-type and ASC macrophages and the effects were OD-dependent. Following priming with a lipopolysaccharide, cSiO2 treatment resulted in robust inflammasome activation in ASC, as reflected by the IL-1β release. These responses were minimal or absent in the wild-type RAW cells. All the postbiotics decreased the release of IL-1β from ASC; however, only LGG and BB12 reduced the IL-1β secretion from wild-type cells. Only the L.reu postbiotics reduced the IL-1α release from ASC. We conclude that the postbiotics from LGG, BB12, and L.reu can protect macrophages against cSiO2-induced cytotoxicity and suppress IL-1β activation.

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Lesniewska, Violetta, Ian Rowland, Patrice D. Cani, Audrey M. Neyrinck, Nathalie M. Delzenne, and Patrick J. Naughton. "Effect on Components of the Intestinal Microflora and Plasma Neuropeptide Levels of Feeding Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Inulin to Adult and Elderly Rats." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 10 (October 2006): 6533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00915-06.

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ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to compare the effects of the mixture of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. rhamnosus strain GG, Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12, and inulin on intestinal populations of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and enterobacteria in adult and elderly rats fed the same (in quality and quantity) diet. The portal plasma levels of two neuropeptides, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and peptide YY (PYY), were also evaluated to assess the physiological consequences of the synbiotic treatment for the gastrointestinal (GI) tracts of rats of different ages. Adult (n = 24) and elderly (n = 24) male rats were fed the AIN-93 M maintenance diet. After 2 weeks of adaptation, the diet of 12 rats of each age group was supplemented with 8% inulin and with strains GG and Bb12 to provide 2.2 × 109 CFU of each strain g−1 of the diet. Blood and different regions of the GI tract were sampled from all rats after 21 days of the treatment. Treatment with the mixture of strain GG, strain BB12, and inulin induced significantly different changes in the numbers of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and enterobacteria of the stomach, small intestine, cecum, and colon microflora. Moreover, the GG, BB12, and inulin mixture increased the concentrations of NPY and PYY for adult rats. For the elderly animals, the PYY concentration was not changed, while the NPY concentration was decreased by treatment with the GG, BB12, and inulin mixture. The results of the present study indicate that the physiological status of the GI tract, and not just diet, has a major role in the regulation of important groups of the GI bacteria community, since even the outcome of the dietary modification with synbiotics depends on the ages of the animals.

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Yuliani, Kartika, Nyoman Kertia, and Lily Arsanti Lestari. "Efek konsumsi yoghurt probiotik terhadap kadar low density lipoprotein pada penyandang diabetes mellitus tipe 2." Jurnal Gizi Indonesia 8, no. 1 (February 6, 2020): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jgi.8.1.69-74.

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Background : As one of important markers of cardiovascular complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, low density lipoprotein (LDL) shall be maintained to be in normal range. Based on previous research, consumption of probiotic yogurt contains Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis is presumed can improve LDL in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus but the scientific evidence is still few.Objectives: To investigate the effect of probiotic yogurt on LDL in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods: This study was double blinded randomized controlled trial which was conducted on 32 patientss with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects were divided randomly into 2 groups and given 4 weeks intervention. Subjects in control group were given conventional yogurt while subjects in intervention group were given probiotic yogurt contains L. acidophilus LA5 and B. animalis subsp. Lactis Bb12. Food intake data was collected 4 times using 24-hour recall method during intervention period. LDL of subjects was measured before and after intervention.Results: There was no significant difference between LDL before and after intervention in control group (128 – 148.5 mg/dL) and intervention group (130 – 120.5 mg/dL). Meanwhile, LDL after intervention in control group and intervention group were significantly different (p<0.05). LDL between energy and macronutrients intake categories were not significantly different.Conclusion: Probiotic yogurt has a better LDL reduction effect in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus than conventional yogurt, although the reduction is not significant.

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Gómez, E., F. Martín, A. M. Nogacka, N. Salazar, L. Aláez, E. Alcorta, M. Gueimonde, and C. G. De los Reyes-Gavilán. "Impact of probiotics on development and behaviour in Drosophila melanogaster – a potential in vivo model to assess probiotics." Beneficial Microbes 10, no. 2 (March 13, 2019): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2018.0012.

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In vitro models are frequently used in probiotic research. However, such models often fail to predict in vivo functionality and efficacy. This fact complicates the screening process for selecting the most suitable strains, prior to accomplish expensive animal studies and clinical intervention trials. Therefore, additional sensitive, discriminating and cost-effective models are needed to conduct preliminary assays before undertaking human intervention studies definitely proving efficacy. With this purpose in mind, we explored the potential of axenic Drosophila melanogaster populations as well as of these axenic flies treated with probiotic microbial strains as a model to test the effects of probiotics on a subset of developmental and behavioural traits. An axenic D. melanogaster progeny from the wild-type Canton S strain was obtained and its eggs were further developed until pupae eclosion occurred in growth medium containing either of two probiotic strains: Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 or Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Whereas B. animalis Bb12 colonised the flies, the capacity of L. rhamnosus LGG to colonise was considerably lower in our experimental conditions. Regarding the influence of microbial load on the flies’ development, the axenic condition caused a decrease in egg survival, and lowered adults’ average weight with respect to wild-type flies. Both probiotics were able to counteract these effects. An earlier emergence of adults was observed from eggs treated with L. rhamnosus GG in comparison to the other fly populations. The axenic condition did not influence negative geotaxis behaviour in Drosophila; however, flies mono-associated with B. animalis Bb12 moved faster than wild-type. Our results suggest that the use of axenic/probiotic-treated D. melanogaster populations may be an affordable model for preliminary testing of the effects of probiotics on developmental or behavioural aspects.

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Mantziari, Anastasia, Juhani Aakko, Himanshu Kumar, Satu Tölkkö, Elloise du Toit, Seppo Salminen, Erika Isolauri, and Samuli Rautava. "The Impact of Storage Conditions on the Stability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 in Human Milk." Breastfeeding Medicine 12, no. 9 (November 2017): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2017.0051.

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Amiri, Saber, Reza Rezaei Mokarram, Mahmoud Sowti Khiabani, Mahmoud Rezazadeh Bari, and Mohammad Alizadeh Khaledabad. "Exopolysaccharides production by Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB12: Optimization of fermentation variables and characterization of structure and bioactivities." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 123 (February 2019): 752–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.084.

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Tomasik, Jakub, Robert H. Yolken, Sabine Bahn, and Faith B. Dickerson. "Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotic Supplementation in Schizophrenia Patients: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial." Biomarker Insights 10 (January 2015): BMI.S22007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/bmi.s22007.

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Although peripheral immune system abnormalities have been linked to schizophrenia pathophysiology, standard antipsychotic drugs show limited immunological effects. Thus, more effective treatment approaches are required. Probiotics are microorganisms that modulate the immune response of the host and, therefore, may be beneficial to schizophrenia patients. The aim of this study was to examine the possible immunomodulatory effects of probiotic supplementation in chronic schizophrenia patients. The concentrations of 47 immune–related serum proteins were measured using multiplexed immunoassays in samples collected from patients before and after 14 weeks of adjuvant treatment with probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain Bb12; n = 31) or placebo ( n = 27). Probiotic add–on treatment significantly reduced levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and increased levels of monocyte chemotactic protein–1 (MCP–1), brain–derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), RANTES, and macrophage inflammatory protein–1 beta (MIP–1) beta with borderline significance (P ≤ 0.08). In silico pathway analysis revealed that probiotic–induced alterations are related to regulation of immune and intestinal epithelial cells through the IL–17 family of cytokines. We hypothesize that supplementation of probiotics to schizophrenia patients may improve control of gastrointestinal leakage.

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Mantziari, Anastasia, Enni Mannila, Maria Carmen Collado, Seppo Salminen, and Carlos Gómez-Gallego. "Exogenous Polyamines Influence In Vitro Microbial Adhesion to Human Mucus according to the Age of Mucus Donor." Microorganisms 9, no. 6 (June 7, 2021): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061239.

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Adhesion to intestinal mucus is the first step for microbiota colonization in early life. Polyamines are polycations with important physiological functions in both procaryotic and eucaryotic cells. However, their role in intestinal mucus adhesion is not known. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether exogenous polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine, and their combination) would alter the adhesive properties of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), Bifidobacterium animalis subs. lactis Bb12, Cronobacter sakazakii, and Escherichia coli. Human intestinal mucus was isolated from healthy infants (0–6-month-old and 6–12-month-old) and healthy adults (25–52 years old). Spermidine significantly increased Bb12 adhesion (p < 0.05) in the mucus of infants (0–6 months) but reduced the adhesion of LGG in adult mucus (p < 0.05) with no significant effect in any of the infant groups. Spermine was more effective than polyamine combinations in reducing C. sakazakii (p < 0.05) adhesion in early infant mucus (0–6 months). The adhesion ability of E. coli remained unaffected by exogenous polyamines at any age in the concentrations tested. Our data suggest that polyamines may modulate the bacterial adhesion to mucus depending on the bacterial strain and depending at what age the mucus has been generated.

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Ziar, Hasnia, Imène Yahla, Meryem Sadoud, Kawtar Keddar, Abdelkader Dilmi-Bouras, Ali Riazi, and Philippe Gérard. "Association of carob galactomannans with probiotic bacteria in synbiotic fermented milk and colon targeted-release carrier." International Food Research Journal 29, no. 4 (August 19, 2022): 879–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/ifrj.29.4.15.

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For the first time, this study presented the use of raw locust bean gum (LBG) as a prebiotic, with one probiotic strain in synbiotic fermented milk or combined with Na-alginate as a biopolymer, for a targeted release of bacteria under colon-like conditions. For this purpose, the fermentative characteristics (biomass, pH), bacterial survival, and developed viscosities of the stored fermented milks were determined. The survival rates of microencapsulated bacteria using the emulsion technique under simulated gastrointestinal conditions (stomach: pH 2 + 0.3% pepsin; colon: pH 6.5 + 1% pancreatin + 0.3% bile) were also evaluated. Results showed that all the tested bacteria maintained better biomass and acidifying activities in the presence of LBG, especially at 2%. During cold storage, the viscosities of the LBG-fermented milks were regulated and better appreciated, especially at 2%. Lactobacillus rhamnosus LbRE-LSAS and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 microencapsulated separately in Ca-alginate-raw carob gum maintained good survival rates (51 - 66%) as compared to free cells (21 - 59%) under simulated digestive conditions, and were released under colon-like conditions. Therefore, the formulation of LBG-enriched fermented milks containing probiotic bacteria could represent a very good candidate for industrial application. Ca-alginate-raw LBG beads for the specific release of probiotics in the colon could benefit consumers with celiac disease or other digestive disorders because LBG is naturally gluten-free.

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Fino, Luciana Carvalho, Fabíola Lima Pena, Maria Carolina Pelatieri Valle, Thais Ramos Silva, Vivian Cristina Cruz Rodrigues, and Adriane Costa Antunes. "Digestão Simulada de Bebida Esportiva Contendo Diferentes Probióticos." Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde 24, no. 1 (May 27, 2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2020v24n1p47-53.

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O exercício físico de alta intensidade está relacionado com diversas alterações sistêmicas que podem prejudicar a performance do indivíduo, tais como: a queda da imunidade, a perda de massa muscular, a insônia, entre outros. Os probióticos, quando administrados regularmente para esse público, podem reduzir os sintomas relacionados ao overtraining. O presente estudo buscou selecionar uma cepa probiótica para empregar em uma bebida esportiva (a base de leite fermentado), contendo elevada quantidade de compostos fenólicos e adicionada de cepas probióticas, sendo utilizadas como principal critério de escolha a sobrevivência da mesma após digestão simulada. Foram avaliados os probióticos Lactobacillus casei (BGP93), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (SP1) e Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA3) e Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BB12), utilizando-se como cultura starter o Streptococcus thermophilus (TA072). Em paralelo foi realizada avaliação da resistência das culturas probióticas em solução adicionada de suco de romã, tendo em vista a potencial atividade antimicrobiana desta fruta. Neste teste foi observado que as culturas probióticas não foram inibidas pelo suco de romã, com exceção do L. acidophilus LA3. Para digestão in vitro foi utilizado protocolo validado composto pelas fases gástrica e entérica, a viabilidade dos probióticos na bebida esportiva foi acompanhada durante armazenamento refrigerado a 6 °C por 28 dias e a sobrevivência foi avaliada, por meio de contagem seletiva em DeMan, Rogosa & Sharpe (MRS) ágar acidificado e incubação em anaerobiose. Os resultados demonstraram que o Lactobacillus casei cepa BGP93 apresentou adequada viabilidade durante o armazenamento e maior taxa de sobrevivência à digestão, quando comparado aos demais probióticos, representando um bom candidato para a elaboração da bebida esportiva. Palavras chave: Leite Fermentado. Compostos Fenólicos. Alimento Funcional. Viabilidade de Probióticos. Abstract High-intensity physical exercise is related to several systemic alterations that may impair the individual's performance, such as immunity depletion, muscle mass loss, insomnia, among others. Probiotics, when given regularly to this public, may reduce symptoms related to overtraining. The present study aimed to select a probiotic strain for use in a sports drink (based on fermented milk) containing a high amount of phenolic compounds, and added probiotic strains, being the main criterion of choice the survival of the strain after simulated digestion. The probiotics Lactobacillus casei (BGP93), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (SP1) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA3) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BB12), using as starter culture Streptococcus thermophilus (TA072). At the same time, resistance evaluation of probiotic cultures in pomegranate juice solution was carried out, considering the potential antimicrobial activity of this fruit. In this test, it was observed that probiotic cultures were not inhibited by pomegranate juice, except for L. acidophilus LA3. For in vitro digestion a validated protocol consisting of gastric and enteric phases was used, the viability of probiotics in the sports drink was monitored during cold storage at 6 ° C for 28 days and survival was evaluated by selective counting in acidified DeMan, Rogosa & Sharpe (MRS) agar and incubation in anaerobiosis. The results showed that Lactobacillus casei strain BGP93 showed adequate viability during storage and higher survival rate to digestion when compared to other probiotics, representing a good candidate for the sport drink preparation Keywords: Fermented Milk. Phenolic Compounds. Functional Food. Probiotics Viability.

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Leong, Andrea, Zhiqian Liu, Hala Almshawit, Bogdan Zisu, Christopher Pillidge, Simone Rochfort, and Harsharn Gill. "Oligosaccharides in goats’ milk-based infant formula and their prebiotic and anti-infection properties." British Journal of Nutrition 122, no. 04 (June 14, 2019): 441–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000711451900134x.

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AbstractHuman milk contains an abundant supply and diverse array of oligosaccharides that are known to impart significant health benefits to the nursing infant including establishment and maintenance of a healthy gut microflora, immune development and protection against gastrointestinal infections. When breastfeeding is not possible or insufficient, infant formulas are commonly used as an alternative. However, limited information is available about the presence of naturally occurring oligosaccharides in these infant formulas and their likely health benefits. The present study examined the presence of naturally occurring oligosaccharides in commercial goats’ milk-based stage 1 and stage 2 infant formulas and their prebiotic and anti-infection properties. LC/MS was used to detect and quantify oligosaccharides and their prebiotic potential was assessed by their ability, at concentrations present in reconstituted ready-to-use infant formula, to promote the growth of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB12, B. longum BB536, Lactobacillus acidophilus 4461 and L. casei 2607 in vitro. For anti-infection properties, the ability of goat milk oligosaccharides to prevent the adhesion of Escherichia coli NCTC 10418 and a Salmonella typhimurium isolate to Caco-2 cells was investigated. The results showed the presence of fourteen quantifiable oligosaccharides in stage 1 and stage 2 goats’ milk-based infant formula. This was similar to the number of oligosaccharides detected in the fresh goats’ milk. Of these, five were structurally similar to those found in human milk. These oligosaccharides were shown to significantly enhance the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli and reduce the adhesion of E. coli NCTC 10418 and S. typhimurium to Caco-2 cells. Together, these results suggest that oligosaccharides naturally present in goats’ milk-based infant formula exhibit strong prebiotic and anti-pathogen adhesion properties and may confer gut health benefits to infants.

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Ventura, Marco, and Ralf Zink. "Comparative Sequence Analysis of the tuf and recA Genes and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region Sequences Supply Additional Tools for Discriminating Bifidobacterium lactis from Bifidobacterium animalis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 12 (December 2003): 7517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.12.7517-7522.2003.

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ABSTRACT The relationship between Bifidobacterium lactis and Bifidobacterium animalis was examined by comparative analysis of tuf and recA gene sequences and by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of their internal 16S-23S transcribed spacer region sequences. The bifidobacterial strains investigated could be divided into two distinct groups within a single species based on the tuf, recA, and 16S-23S spacer region sequence analysis. Therefore, all strains of B. lactis and B. animalis could be unified as the species B. animalis and divided into two subspecies, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis.

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Masco, Liesbeth, Marco Ventura, Ralf Zink, Geert Huys, and Jean Swings. "Polyphasic taxonomic analysis of Bifidobacterium animalis and Bifidobacterium lactis reveals relatedness at the subspecies level: reclassification of Bifidobacterium animalis as Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis subsp. nov. and Bifidobacterium lactis as Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis subsp. nov." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54, no. 4 (July 1, 2004): 1137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.03011-0.

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Janer, C., F. Arigoni, B. H. Lee, C. Peláez, and T. Requena. "Enzymatic Ability of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis To Hydrolyze Milk Proteins: Identification and Characterization of Endopeptidase O." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 12 (December 2005): 8460–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.12.8460-8465.2005.

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ABSTRACT The proteolytic system of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis was analyzed, and an intracellular endopeptidase (PepO) was identified and characterized. This work reports the first complete cloning, purification, and characterization of a proteolytic enzyme in Bifidobacterium spp. Aminopeptidase activities (general aminopeptidases, proline iminopeptidase, X-prolyl dipeptidylaminopeptidase) found in cell extracts of B. animalis subsp. lactis were higher for cells that had been grown in a milk-based medium than for those grown in MRS. A high specific proline iminopeptidase activity was observed in B. animalis subsp. lactis. Whole cells and cell wall-bound protein fractions showed no caseinolytic activity; however, the combined action of intracellular proteolytic enzymes could hydrolyze casein fractions rapidly. The endopeptidase activity of B. animalis subsp. lactis was examined in more detail, and the gene encoding an endopeptidase O in B. animalis subsp. lactis was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The deduced amino acid sequence for B. animalis subsp. lactis PepO indicated that it is a member of the M13 peptidase family of zinc metallopeptidases and displays 67.4% sequence homology with the predicted PepO protein from Bifidobacterium longum. The recombinant enzyme was shown to be a 74-kDa monomer. Activity of B. animalis subsp. lactis PepO was found with oligopeptide substrates of at least 5 amino acid residues, such as met-enkephalin, and with larger substrates, such as the 23-amino-acid peptide αs1-casein(f1-23). The predominant peptide bond cleaved by B. animalis subsp. lactis PepO was on the N-terminal side of phenylalanine residues. The enzyme also showed a post-proline secondary cleavage site.

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Bottacini, Francesca, Fabio Dal Bello, Francesca Turroni, Christian Milani, Sabrina Duranti, Elena Foroni, Alice Viappiani, et al. "Complete Genome Sequence of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLC1." Journal of Bacteriology 193, no. 22 (October 28, 2011): 6387–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.06079-11.

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Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLC1 is a probiotic bacterium that is widely exploited by food industries as the active ingredient of various functional foods. Here we report the complete genome sequence of B. animalis subsp. lactis BLC1, which is expected to provide insights into the biology of this health-promoting microorganism and improve our understanding of its phylogenetic relatedness with other members of the B. animalis subsp. lactis taxon.

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Borshchev, Yury Y., Inessa Y. Burovenko, Alena B. Karaseva, Sarkis M. Minasian, Egor S. Protsak, Victor Y. Borshchev, Natalia Y. Semenova, Olga V. Borshcheva, Alexander N. Suvorov, and Michael M. Galagudza. "Probiotic Therapy with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Results in Infarct Size Limitation in Rats with Obesity and Chemically Induced Colitis." Microorganisms 10, no. 11 (November 18, 2022): 2293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112293.

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In this study, we investigated the effect of three different probiotics, namely, a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA–5) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BB–12), Saccharomyces boulardii, and Enterococcus faecium L3 on myocardial infarct size in rats with diet-induced obesity (DIO) and chemically-induced colitis (CIC). Potential associations between the effects of probiotics on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and gut microbiome patterns as well as the serum levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, lipopolysaccharide, and short chain fatty acids were also studied. Intragastric administration of lyophilized Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis at a dose of 1.2 × 108 CFU/mL for 15 days resulted in myocardial infarct size reduction in rats with DIO, CIC, and antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. This cardioprotective effect was associated with specific changes in cytokine concentrations, namely reduced levels of IL–1β, TNF–α, IL–2, and IL–8. At the same time, the use of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis was accompanied by a significant reduction in lipopolysaccharide level, suggesting normalization of intestinal epithelial barrier permeability. However, the cardioprotective effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis is not secondary to improved healing of the intestinal mucosa in CIC, as evidenced by the lack of difference in histopathological scores.

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Candela, Marco, Manuela Centanni, Jessica Fiori, Elena Biagi, Silvia Turroni, Catia Orrico, Simone Bergmann, Sven Hammerschmidt, and Patrizia Brigidi. "DnaK from Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis is a surface-exposed human plasminogen receptor upregulated in response to bile salts." Microbiology 156, no. 6 (June 1, 2010): 1609–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.038307-0.

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Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis lives in the gastrointestinal tract of most mammals, including humans. Recently, for the probiotic strain B. animalis subsp. lactis BI07, a dose-dependent plasminogen-binding activity was demonstrated and five putative plasminogen-binding proteins were identified. Here we investigated the role of surface DnaK as a B. animalis subsp. lactis BI07 plasminogen receptor. DnaK was visualized on the bacterial cell surface by transmission electron microscopy. The His-tagged recombinant DnaK protein showed a high affinity for human plasminogen, with an equilibrium dissociation constant in the nanomolar range. The capability to tolerate physiological concentrations of bile salts is a crucial feature for an intestinal symbiont micro-organism. By proteome analysis we demonstrated that the long-term exposure of B. animalis subsp. lactis BI07 to bile salts results in the upregulation of important surface plasminogen receptors such as DnaK and enolase. Moreover, adaptation of B. animalis subsp. lactis BI07 to physiological concentrations of bile salts significantly increased its capacity to interact with the host plasminogen system. By enhancing the bacterial capacity to interact with the host plasminogen, the gut bile environment may facilitate the colonization of the human host by B. animalis subsp. lactis BI07.

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Bozkurt, Hüseyin. "A NEW BACTERIAL TRANSFER THERAPY FOR IBD: ENDOSCOPIC BIFIDOBACTERIUM AND XYLOGLUCAN ADMINISTRATION." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 27, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2021): S37—S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izaa347.091.

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Abstract Ulcerative colitis (UC) pathogenesis includes the altered gut microbiota, environmental factors, and human immune and genetic predisposition. Recently, its association with reduced bifidobacteria quantity in the microbiota is reported.Xyloglucan, a plant based prebiotic oligosaccharide, causes increase in bifidobacteria quantity. In this article we share the results of our UC cases treated by intracolonic single dose administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis and xyloglucan combination. Intracolonic single dose administration of 200 billion CFUs of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and 4 gr of xyloglucan combination was administrated to ten severe UC patients, who were either unresponsive or had inadequate response to treatment. All patients continued treatment after the procedure. Treatment responses were evaluated by colonoscopic, laboratory and clinical examination after 6 weeks. Intracolonic single dose administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan was found effective in the mucosal healing and resolution of colonic symptoms in ulcerative colitis patients. Intracolonic administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan in UC is a new single strain and strain specific prebiotic combination method. It is easy to apply and has no observable side effect. Its effectiveness on mucosal healing could be attributed to the enhancement of non-stimulatory status and biodiversity in colonic mucosa. Nonetheless, it is still necessary to develop diagnostic strategies to determine the patients to whom this method would be the most applicable.

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SÃ¯Â¿Â½nchez, Borja, Marie-Christine Champomier-VergÃ¯Â¿Â½s, Birgitte Stuer-Lauridsen, Patricia Ruas-Madiedo, Patricia Anglade, Fabienne Baraige, Clara G. de los Reyes-GavilÃ¯Â¿Â½n, Eric Johansen, Monique Zagorec, and Abelardo Margolles. "Adaptation and Response of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis to Bile: a Proteomic and Physiological Approach." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 21 (September 7, 2007): 6757–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00637-07.

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ABSTRACT Bile salts are natural detergents that facilitate the digestion and absorption of the hydrophobic components of the diet. However, their amphiphilic nature makes them very inhibitory for bacteria and strongly influences bacterial survival in the gastrointestinal tract. Adaptation to and tolerance of bile stress is therefore crucial for the persistence of bacteria in the human colonic niche. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, a probiotic bacterium with documented health benefits, is applied largely in fermented dairy products. In this study, the effect of bile salts on proteomes of B. animalis subsp. lactis IPLA 4549 and its bile-resistant derivative B. animalis subsp. lactis 4549dOx was analyzed, leading to the identification of proteins which may represent the targets of bile salt response and adaptation in B. animalis subsp. lactis. The comparison of the wild-type and the bile-resistant strain responses allowed us to hypothesize about the resistance mechanisms acquired by the derivative resistant strain and about the bile salt response in B. animalis subsp. lactis. In addition, significant differences in the levels of metabolic end products of the bifid shunt and in the redox status of the cells were also detected, which correlate with some differences observed between the proteomes. These results indicate that adaptation and response to bile in B. animalis subsp. lactis involve several physiological mechanisms that are jointly dedicated to reduce the deleterious impact of bile on the cell's physiology.

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Sun, Zhihong, Xia Chen, Jicheng Wang, Pengfei Gao, Zhemin Zhou, Yi Ren, Tiansong Sun, et al. "Complete Genome Sequence of Probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Strain V9." Journal of Bacteriology 192, no. 15 (May 28, 2010): 4080–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00369-10.

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ABSTRACT Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain V9 is a Chinese commercial bifidobacteria with several probiotic functions. It was isolated from a healthy Mongolian child in China. We present here the complete genome sequence of V9 and compare it to 3 other published genome sequences of B. animalis subsp. lactis strains. The result indicates the lack of polymorphism among strains of this subspecies from different continents.

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Sidarenka, Anastasiya, Leonid Valentovich, and Galina Novik. "Evaluation of probiotic potential of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strains: an in vitro study." EuroBiotech Journal 1, no. 2 (May 9, 2017): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24190/issn2564-615x/2017/02.12.

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Abstract Probiotic potential of two bifidobacterial strains isolated from feces of healthy adults and identified as Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis was evaluated using in vitro testing. The analyzed strains were able to ferment a broad spectrum of carbohydrates, produced bioactive exopolysaccharides, demonstrated high survival rate in model GIT conditions, under heat and oxidative stresses, inhibited growth of a wide range of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria, and proved to be safe for biotechnological application. Based on the complex phenotypic characteristics tested, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis may be regarded as prospective probiotic cultures.

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Carreras, N. López, P. Martorell, E. Chenoll, S. Genovés, D. Ramón, and A. Aleixandre. "Anti-obesity properties of the strain Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145 in Zücker fatty rats." Beneficial Microbes 9, no. 4 (June 15, 2018): 629–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2017.0141.

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We evaluated the effect of oral administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145 strain in Zücker fatty rats. The Zücker fatty rats were randomly divided into two groups (n=10 each) and administered either B. animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145 (1010 cfu/day) suspended in skim milk, or skim milk alone (control group). Each treatment was administered in drinking bottles from week 5 until week 17 of age. A lean Zücker rat group (standard group) was included to provide normal values for the Zücker strain. This group was administered skim milk in the drinking bottle for the same experimental period as Zücker fatty rats. Body weight gain was greater in the fatty control group than in the fatty rats treated daily with B. animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145. Furthermore, dry and liquid food intake significantly decreased in the treated Zücker fatty group and these rats also showed decreased plasma ghrelin levels as compared with the Zücker fatty control group. B. animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145 intake also decreased plasma tumour necrosis factor-α (a proinflammatory cytokine) and plasma malondialdehyde (a biomarker of oxidative stress). Moreover, the ratio plasma total cholesterol/plasma cholesterol transported by high-density lipoproteins, considered as an index for cardiovascular disease, also significantly decreased in the Zücker fatty rats treated with B. animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145. By contrast, this bacterial strain significantly increased plasma adiponectin (an insulin-sensitising adipokine), but did not produce significant effects on triglyceride levels or glucose metabolism biomarkers. Although further research is required to confirm B. animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145 is an efficient anti-obesity treatment in humans, the results obtained in this study are promising and point to the health and anti-obesity properties of this bacterial strain.

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Bozkurt, Huseyin Sancar, and Banu Kara. "A new treatment for ulcerative colitis: Intracolonic Bifidobacterium and xyloglucan application." European Journal of Inflammation 18 (January 2020): 205873922094262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2058739220942626.

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Ulcerative colitis (UC) pathogenesis includes the altered gut microbiota, environmental factors, and human immune and genetic predisposition. Recently, its association with reduced bifidobacteria quantity in the microbiota is reported. Xyloglucan, a plant-based prebiotic oligosaccharide, causes increase in bifidobacteria quantity. In this article, we share the results of our UC cases treated by intracolonic single-dose administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan combination. Intracolonic single-dose administration of 200 billion colony-forming units (CFUs) of B. animalis subsp. lactis and 4 g of xyloglucan combination was administrated to 10 severe UC patients, who were either unresponsive or had inadequate response to treatment. All patients continued treatment after the procedure. Treatment responses were evaluated by colonoscopic, laboratory, and clinical examination after 6 weeks. Intracolonic single-dose administration of B. animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan was found effective in the mucosal healing and resolution of colonic symptoms in UC patients. Intracolonic administration of B. animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan in UC is a new single-strain and strain-specific prebiotic combination method. It is easy to apply and has no observable side effect. Its effectiveness on mucosal healing could be attributed to the enhancement of non-stimulatory status and biodiversity in colonic mucosa. Nonetheless, it is still necessary to develop diagnostic strategies to determine the patients to whom this method would be the most applicable.

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Bunesova, Vera, Jiri Killer, Barbora Javurkova, Eva Vlkova, Vaclav Tejnecky, Sarka Musilova, and Vojtech Rada. "Diversity of the subspecies Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis." Anaerobe 44 (April 2017): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.01.006.

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Kim, Jihyun F., Haeyoung Jeong, Dong Su Yu, Sang-Haeng Choi, Cheol-Goo Hur, Myeong-Soo Park, Sung Ho Yoon, et al. "Genome Sequence of the Probiotic Bacterium Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis AD011." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 2 (November 14, 2008): 678–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01515-08.

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ABSTRACT Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis is a probiotic bacterium that naturally inhabits the guts of most mammals, including humans. Here we report the complete genome sequence of B. animalis subsp. lactis AD011 that was isolated from an infant fecal sample. Biological functions encoded in a single circular chromosome of 1,933,695 bp, smallest among the completely sequenced bifidobacterial genomes, are suggestive of their probiotic functions, such as utilization of bifidogenic factors and a variety of glycosidic enzymes and biosynthesis of polysaccharides.

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Bozkurt, Hüseyin. "P077 A NEW TREATMENT APPROACH FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: INTRACOLONIC BIFIDOBACTERIUM AND XYLOGLUCAN APPLICATION." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 26, Supplement_1 (January 2020): S35—S36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/zaa010.090.

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Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis includes the altered gut microbiota, environmental factors, human immune responses and genetic. Reduced bifidobacteria level is associated with IBD. Xyloglucan is a plant based prebiotic oligosaccharide. Bifidobacteria level is increased in the presence of xyloglucan. In this article we aim to share the results of our cases; Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients treated by intracolonic single administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and Xyloglucan combination. Methods Ten UC patients were evaluated; before and after intracolonic single administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and Xyloglucan combination with colonoscopic laboratory and clinical examination. Results Age, sex, diagnosis, disease location, previous medications are summarized in Table 1. All the patients had active ulcerative colitis disease before the administration. The Mayo Score was used to assess the severity of UC. 2 cases had extensive colitis and 8 patients had left-sided colitis. After 6 weeks of the administration mucosal healing and resolution of colonic symptoms were seen. These results are summarized in Table 2. Of the 10 cases, 7 were undertaken 5-ASA +Azathiopurine and three were undertaken vedolizumab treatment. Intracolonic single Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan administration was found effective in the mucosal healing and resolution of colonic symptoms in ulcerative colitis patients. Conclusions Herein we reported the importance of Bifidobacterium and xylooligosaccharide combination in IBD. Colonoscopic single Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and xyloglucan administration is a new method that has no side effect and easy to apply for treatment of IBD.This application might provide enhancement of non-stimulatory status and higher biodiversity in colonic mucosa so mucosal healing may be improved rapidly. However, it would be necessary to develop diagnostic strategies in order to discriminate which patients would benefit from this strategy.

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Liang, Xi, Zhe Zhang, Xiaohong Zhou, Youyou Lu, Rui Li, Zhuang Yu, Lingjun Tong, et al. "Probiotics improved hyperlipidemia in mice induced by a high cholesterol diet via downregulating FXR." Food & Function 11, no. 11 (2020): 9903–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0fo02255a.

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Alireza Shahab, Lavasani. "Biochemical changes of Iranian probiotic Lighvan cheese." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 36, No. 2 (May 7, 2018): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/453/2016-cjfs.

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Lighvan cheese from ewe and goat milk was produced according to a traditional protocol, and with the addition of 9 log10 cfu/g fresh cells of Bifidobacterium lactis subsp. animalis. Probiotic Lighvan cheese was studied to determine the survival of B. lactis subsp. animalis and biochemical changes during 60 days of ripening of probiotic Lighvan cheese. Lipolysis level and organoleptic assessments were analysed. B. lactis subsp. animalis cells survived in cheese samples at concentrations up to 6.84 log10 cfu/g for at least 60 days of storage time. The lipolysis level increased continuously until the end of the ripening period.The ripening stage was the main factor affecting the cheese sensory properties.

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Chen, Po-Wen, Trista Tingyun Jheng, Ching-Ling Shyu, and Frank Chiahung Mao. "Synergistic antibacterial efficacies of the combination of bovine lactoferrin or its hydrolysate with probiotic secretion in curbing the growth of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus." Journal of Medical Microbiology 62, no. 12 (December 1, 2013): 1845–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.052639-0.

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The occurrence of multidrug-resistant or meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become an important issue in clinics. This study evaluated a combinatorial treatment approach by using the well-documented antibacterial protein apo-bovine lactoferrin (apo-bLf) or its hydrolysate and specific probiotic supernatants for controlling MRSA infection. Clinical MRSA strains were isolated from different patient specimens. Apo-bLf-hydrolysate possessed stronger anti-MRSA activity than complete bLf in that it inhibited the growth of most MRSA strains tested in vitro. Otherwise, the supernatants produced by Lactobacillus fermentum (ATCC 11739), Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum (ATCC 15707) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BCRC 17394) inhibited the growth of various MRSA strains. Further, L. fermentum or B. animalis subsp. lactis supernatant plus apo-bLf or bLf-hydrolysate led to partially synergistic to synergistic growth-inhibitory activity against MRSA strains. However, L. fermentum and not B. animalis subsp. lactis or B. longum subsp. longum was observed to resist the antibacterial activity of both apo-Lf and bLf-hydrolysate. Therefore, it is suggested that L. fermentum could be the best candidate to be used with apo-bLf or bLf-hydrolysate as a live supplement against MRSA infections.

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Gueimonde, Miguel, Ana Belén Flórez, Angela H. A. M. van Hoek, Birgitte Stuer-Lauridsen, Per Strøman, Clara G. de los Reyes-Gavilán, and Abelardo Margolles. "Genetic Basis of Tetracycline Resistance in Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 10 (March 26, 2010): 3364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03096-09.

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ABSTRACT All strains of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis described to date show medium level resistance to tetracycline. Screening of 26 strains from a variety of sources revealed the presence of tet(W) in all isolates. A transposase gene upstream of tet(W) was found in all strains, and both genes were cotranscribed in strain IPLAIC4. Mutants with increased tetracycline resistance as well as tetracycline-sensitive mutants of IPLAIC4 were isolated and genetically characterized. The native tet(W) gene was able to restore the resistance phenotype to a mutant with an alteration in tet(W) by functional complementation, indicating that tet(W) is necessary and sufficient for the tetracycline resistance seen in B. animalis subsp. lactis.

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Bunešová, Věra, Eva Vlková, Vojtěch Rada, Šárka Ročková, Ivona Svobodová, Lukáš Jebavý, and Vladimír Kmeť. "Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strains isolated from dog faeces." Veterinary Microbiology 160, no. 3-4 (December 2012): 501–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.06.005.

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Yuan, Fahu, Yufei Liu, Qian Gui, Qiuyi Huang, Qianyu Li, Xuping Yang, Lixin Qiu, Jinmei Feng, and Xiji Shu. "Efficacy of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 against Giardia duodenalis trophozoites: an experimental study." E3S Web of Conferences 233 (2021): 02048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123302048.

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Giardia duodenalis, formerly known as Giardia lamblia, is an important zoonotic protozoan parasite. It mainly infects the intestines of humans, dogs, cats and domestic animals, causing diarrhea, abdominal pain, indigestion and weight loss. At present, all the clinical drugs for the treatment of Giardia have problems such as side effects and drug resistance to varying degrees, and the development of new drugs for the treatment of Giardia is still a hot issue. There is growing interest in using probiotics as an anti-intestinal parasite strategy. The present study aimed to assess the effect of supernatants of Bifidobacterium Animalis Subsp. lactis BB-12 on giardia the growth of giardia trophozoites. In this study, the Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 were cultured in BBL liquid medium, and the effects of the supernatants on the growth and adhesion of trophozoites of Giardia were observed. The results showed that the growth of Giardia flagellate was significantly inhibited by the supernatant. The influence of the supernatant on the morphology of the trophozoites was observed by microscope, and it was found that the surface of the trophozoites was uneven, the shape was atrophied, the surface cell membrane was broken to some extent, and the contents were spilt. In summary, the results of this study suggest that the fresh-cultured supernatants of the probiotic Bifidobacterium Animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 have anti-Giardia effects.

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Camargo, Vitoria Polli, Nayara Catanio, Annecler Rech de Marins, Rita de Cassia Bergamasco, Raquel Guttierres Gomes, and Andresa Carla Feihrmann. "The Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Coppa with Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. Lactis (BB12) probiotic." Acta Scientiarum. Technology 43 (September 23, 2021): e55119. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v43i1.55119.

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Motivated by the growing demand for functional foods, probiotics added to food products is a reality in the market. Its application in fermented sausages is considered promising, as its processing does not use heat treatment and with that there is no considerable loss of these microorganisms. In this study, the application of microencapsulated Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis (BB12) was carried out in coppa. Three treatments were developed, consisting of control (C) without probiotic, BB1 with the addition of probiotic and 0.02% curing salt, and BB2 with probiotic and 50% reduction in curing salt (0.01%). Subsequently, possible changes in the physicochemical and sensory characteristics were analyzed, as well as the viability of the culture in the fermented product. All samples were presented according to the Brazilian legislation for the attributes of moisture, protein, and lipids. Probiotics showed a positive influence on the stabilization of lipid oxidation and microencapsulated probiotics proved to be viable after the ripening period of 30 days in treatment BB2. There was no significant difference between the samples for sensory analysis, so it is possible to state that the addition of BB12 is an alternative to obtain a product with all the benefits of functional foods.

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Briczinski, Elizabeth P., Joseph R. Loquasto, Rodolphe Barrangou, Edward G. Dudley, Anastasia M. Roberts, and Robert F. Roberts. "Strain-Specific Genotyping of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis by Using Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms, Insertions, and Deletions." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 23 (October 2, 2009): 7501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01430-09.

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ABSTRACT Several probiotic strains of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis are widely supplemented into food products and dietary supplements due to their documented health benefits and ability to survive within the mammalian gastrointestinal tract and acidified dairy products. The strain specificity of these characteristics demands techniques with high discriminatory power to differentiate among strains. However, to date, molecular approaches, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR, have been ineffective at achieving strain separation due to the monomorphic nature of this subspecies. Previously, sequencing and comparison of two B. animalis subsp. lactis genomes (DSMZ 10140 and Bl-04) confirmed this high level of sequence similarity, identifying only 47 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and four insertions and/or deletions (INDELs) between them. In this study, we hypothesized that a sequence-based typing method targeting these loci would permit greater discrimination between strains than previously attempted methods. Sequencing 50 of these loci in 24 strains of B. animalis subsp. lactis revealed that a combination of nine SNPs/INDELs could be used to differentiate strains into 14 distinct genotypic groups. In addition, the presence of a nonsynonymous SNP within the gene encoding a putative glucose uptake protein was found to correlate with the ability of certain strains to transport glucose and to grow rapidly in a medium containing glucose as the sole carbon source. The method reported here can be used in clinical, regulatory, and commercial applications requiring identification of B. animalis subsp. lactis at the strain level.

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Ahn, Hyung Jin, Hyun Ju You, Myeong Soo Park, Zhipeng Li, Deokyeong Choe, Tony Vaughn Johnston, Seockmo Ku, and Geun Eog Ji. "Microbial biocatalysis of quercetin-3-glucoside and isorhamnetin-3-glucoside in Salicornia herbacea and their contribution to improved anti-inflammatory activity." RSC Advances 10, no. 9 (2020): 5339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra08059g.

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Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis AD011 catalyzed >85% of quercetin-3-glucoside and isorhamnetin-3-glucoside into quercetin (Q) and isorhamnetin (IR), respectively, in 2 h. These Q and IR showed improved anti-inflammatory activity.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis Bb12'

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