Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bifurcation, Théorie de la'
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Caron, Jean-François. "Phénomène de bifurcation en électro-élasticité." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10120.
Full textKarvouniari, Theodora. "Les ondes rétiniennes : théorie, numérique, expériences." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4014/document.
Full textRetinal waves are spontaneous bursts of activity propagating in the developing retina, playing a fundamental role in shaping the visual system and retinal circuitry. They disappear completely upon maturation. Understanding how retinal waves are initiated and propagate in the retina could enable us to design protocols to trigger such retinal waves in the adult retina, expecting to reintroduce some plasticity in the retinal tissue and the projections in the brain. In my thesis, I have focused on a specific stage of development of waves, called stage II, induced by specific cells (SACs) and mediated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Immature SACs exhibit a spontaneous bursting behavior due to intrinsic cellular mechanisms, which disappears completely upon maturation. Also, immature SACs are connected by excitatory connections, leading to propagating bursts of activity. The general spirit of this thesis work, is to propose a model for retinal waves (i) sufficiently close to biophysics to explain and propose experiments and (ii) suffciently well posed mathematically to analyse its dynamics upon varying biophysical parameters. In this context, we wanted to ellucidate the mechanisms causing immature SACs to burst and how retinal waves start, propagate and stop. We proposed a mathematical model, grounded on biophysics, and through bifurcations theory we explain the possible underlying cellular mechanisms of retinal waves, highlighting the relevant biophysical parameters controlling waves propagation and disparition. On top of that, we analyzed how the evolution of cholinergic conductance due to the maturation of nicotinic receptors dramatically changes the retinal wave characteristics. Especially, there is a very narrow interval of acetylcholine conductance where retinal waves size obey a power law distribution, suggesting a specific (homeostatic) mechanism stabilizing temporarily the SACs network in this specific range. To sum up, this thesis results are mainly theoretical, but they also lead to experimental predictions directly linked to biology
Ouarzazi, Mohamed-Najib. "Bifurcations associées à des imperfections des conditions aux limites pour des problèmes de convection." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10147.
Full textKumeno, Hironori. "Bifurcation and Synchronization in Parametrically Forced Systems." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAT0024/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we propose a N-dimensional coupled discrete-time system whose parameters are forced into periodic varying, the N-dimensional system being constructed of n same one-dimensional subsystems with mutually influencing coupling and also coupled continuous-time system including periodically parameter varying which correspond to the periodic varying in the discrete-time system.Firstly, we introduce the N-dimensional coupled parametrically forced discrete-time system and its general properties. Then, when logistic maps is used as the one-dimensional subsystem constructing the system, bifurcations in the one or two-dimensional parametrically forced logistic map are investigated. Crossroad area centered at fold cusp points regarding several order cycles are confirmed.Next, we investigated behaviors of the coupled Chua's circuit whose parameter is forced into periodic varying associated with the period of an internal state value. From the investigation of bifurcations in the system, non-existence of odd order cycles and coexistence of different attractors are observed. From the investigation of synchronizations coexisting of many attractors whose synchronizations states are different are observed. Observed phenomena in the system is compared with the parametrically forced discrete-time system. Similar phenomena are confirmed between the parametrically forced discrete-time system and the parametrically forced Chua's circuit. It is worth noting that this facilitates to analyze parametrically forced continuous-time systems, because to analyze discrete-time systems is easier than continuous-time systems. Finally, we investigated behaviors of another coupled continuous-time system in which Chua's circuit is used, while, the motion of the switch controlling the parametric varying is different from the above system. Coexisting of many attractors whose synchronizations states are different are observed. Comparing with theabove system, the number of coexisting stable state is increased by the effect of the different switching motion
Mézière, Yves. "Quelques aspects de la stabilité et de la bifurcation élastique." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066525.
Full textCartigny, Pierre. "Bifurcation d'orbites périodiques d'un système hamiltonien au voisinage d'une position d'équilibre." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO11633.
Full textBougherara, Brahim. "Problèmes non-linéaires singuliers et bifurcation." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3012/document.
Full textThis thesis is concerned with the mathematical study of nonlinear partial differential equations. Precisely, we have investigated a class of nonlinear elliptic and parabolic problems with singular coefficients. This lack of regularity involves some difficulties which prevent the straight-orward application of classical methods of nonlinear analysis based on compactness results. In the proofs of the main results, we show how to overcome these difficulties. Precisely we adapt some well-known techniques together with the use of new methods. In this framework, an important step is to estimate accurately the solutions in order to apply the weak comparison principle, to use the regularity theory of parabolic and elliptic equations and to develop in a new context the analytic theory of global bifurcation. The thesis presents two independent parts. 1- In the first part (corresponding to Chapter I), we are interested by a nonlinear and singular parabolic equation involving the p-Laplacian operator. We established for this problem that for any non-negative initial datum chosen in a certain Lebeque space, there exists a local positive weak solution. For that we use some a priori bounds based on logarithmic Sobolev inequalities to get ultracontractivity of the associated semi-group. Additionaly, for a range of values of the singular coefficient, we prove the uniqueness of the solution and further regularity results. 2- In the second part (corresponding to Chapters II, III and IV of the thesis), we are concerned with the study of global bifurcation problems involving singular nonlinearities. We establish the existence of a piecewise analytic global path of solutions to these problems. For that we use crucially the analytic bifurcation theory introduced by Dancer (described in Chapter II of the thesis). In the frame of a class of semilinear elliptic problems involving a critical nonlinearity in two dimensions, we further prove that the piecewise analytic path of solutions admits asymptotically a singular solution (i.e. an unbounded solution), whose Morse index is infinite. As a consequence, this path admits a countable infinitely many “turning points” where the Morse index is increasing
Carcasses, Jean-Pierre. "Sur quelques structures complexes de bifurcations de systèmes dynamiques." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30203.
Full textWallet, Guy. "De la bifurcation retardée à la surstabilité ou du différentiable réel à l'analytique complexe." Poitiers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991POIT2003.
Full textBootz, Philippe. "Modèle à deux niveaux effectifs du laser avec et sans absorbant saturable : instabilités et bifurcations." Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10059.
Full textTri, Abdeljalil. "Méthodes asymptotiques numériques pour les fluides visqueux incompressibles et la détection de la bifurcation de Hopf." Metz, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1996/Tri.Abdeljalil.SMZ9651.pdf.
Full textPerturbation methods (asymptotic expansions) are usually considered as powerful methods for solving many kinds of non-linear problems. However, these methods are very often apllied in a purely analytic framework, and the calculation is limited to the first few terms of the series. Since a few years, we have shown that the combination of perturbation techniques and finite element method can lead to a robust numerical method for some categories of non-linear problems. In this thesis, we aplly these techniques to compute branches of stationary solutions of Navier-Stokes equations and to detect stationary and Hopf bifurcation
Hbid, Moulay Lhassan. "Application de la méthode de Lyapounov à la bifurcation d'équations à retard." Pau, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PAUU3006.
Full textLéger, Alain. "Flambement élastoplastique des poutres." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066118.
Full textMikram, Jilali. "Une méthode numérique pour la recherche de solutions périodiques des systèmes hamiltoniens." Pau, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PAUU1024.
Full textMoutrane, Ennajat. "Interactions de modes sphériques dans le problème de Bénard entre deux sphères." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE4225.
Full textRiera, Christophe. "Structures localiséesEt Dynamique du goutte-à-goutte." Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE5464.
Full textYang, Shiwei. "Etude expérimentale et théorique de l'instabilité de déformation plastique en bandes de cisaillement dans les matériaux métalliques." Paris 13, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA132024.
Full textHammad, Walid Ismail. "Modélisation non linéaire et étude expérimentale des bandes de cisaillement dans les sables." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10029.
Full textLaure, Patrice. "Calcul effectif de bifurcations avec rupture de symétrie en hydrodynamique." Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE4083.
Full textKoulani, Abdelmajid El. "Continuation dans les problèmes à frontières libres de type bifurcations plastiques." Metz, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1996/ElKoulani.Abdelmajid.SMZ9629.pdf.
Full textThis paper deals with the buckling problem of elastic-plastic beams. We first examine a simple model. Then the main part of this work is concerned with the equilibrium states of an elastic-plastic beam. Elastic-plastic are free boundary problems, since the boundary between the elastic zone and the plastic zone is unknown. This problem has become an usual one in the coercive case, for which the computation of the boundary is naturally solved by an incremental procedure. For the non coercive case, we are led to a new formulation of the problem in order to determine this boundary. Then the study of this boundary leads to an analysis of the spectrum and of the bifurcated branches. On the one hand, the set of the points for which there exist at least two initial velocities is made of successive closed intervals whose intersection is not necessarily empty. On the other hand, all these points are actually bifurcated points and we establish the existence and the asymptotic behavior of the corresponding branches. We study also the imperfection sensitivity
GIRARDOT, DOMINIQUE. "Stabilite et bifurcations dynamiques des systemes discrets reguliers et avec chocs." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EPXX0016.
Full textBrandon, Quentin. "Numerical method of bifurcation analysis for piecewise-smooth nonlinear dynamical systems." Toulouse, INSA, 2009. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000312/.
Full textIn the field of dynamical system analysis, piecewise-smooth models have grown in popularity due to there greater flexibility and accuracy in representing some hybrid systems in applications such as electronics or mechanics. Hybrid dynamical systems have two sets of variables, one which evolve in a continuous space, and the other in a discrete one. Most analytical methods require the orbit to be smooth during objective intervals, so that some special treatments are inevitable to study the existence and stability of solutions in hybrid dynamical systems. Based on a piecewise-smooth model, where the orbit of the system is broken down into locally smooth pieces, and a hybrid bifurcation analysis method, using a Poincare map with sections ruled by the switching conditions of the system, we review the analysis process in details. Then we apply it to various extensions of the Alpazur oscillator, originally a nonsmooth 2-dimension switching oscillator. The original Alpazur oscillator, as a simple nonlinear switching system, was a perfect candidate to prove the efficiency of the approach. Each of its extensions shows a new scenario and how it can be handled, in order to illustrate the generality of the model. Finally, and in order to show more of the implementation we used for our own computer-based analysis tool, some of the most relevant numerical methods we used are introduced. It is noteworthy that the emphasis has been put on autonomous systems because the treatment of non-autonomous ones only requires a simplification (no time variation). This study brings a strong and general framework for the bifurcation analysis of nonlinear hybrid dynamical systems, illustrated by some results. Among them, some interesting local and global properties of the Alpazur Oscillator are revealed, such as the presence of a cascade of cusps in the bifurcation diagram. Our work resulted in the implementation of an analysis tool, implemented in C++, using the numerical methods that we chose for this particular purpose, such as the numerical approximation of the second derivative elements in the Jacobian matrix
Chahine, Chakib. "Stabilité et bifurcation des solutions périodiques d'unsystème hamiltonien en dimension deux." Pau, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PAUU3013.
Full textBenbagdad, Kaddour. "Critères de flambage plastique avec lois de comportement complexes sur l'exemple de l'éprouvette cruciforme." Metz, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1992/Benbagdad.Kaddour.SMZ9244.pdf.
Full textOur aim is to account for complex constitutive relations in plastic buckling analysis. This behaviour is defined by monotonic relations of degree one between strees-rate. An example of phenomenological behaviour of this type is the "J2 corner theory" of Christoffersen and Hutchinson. In the first part, after having revisited bifurcation criterions and situated the "paradox", a bifurcation criterion is proposed for the model "J2 corner theory" and for the cruciform column. Under some restrictions on this model, a generic case the tangent bifurcation is presented. In the second part, this criterion is extented to more general behaviours. Under some restrictive assumptions, we establish that this criterion is not only a sufficient condition of bifurcation but also a necessary one. Next, we have studied the postbifurcation path by an asymptotic method
Khechichine, Fatima-Zohra. "Familles génériques à quatre paramètres de champs de vecteurs quadratiques dans le plan : singularité à partie linéaire nulle." Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOS020.
Full textRéocreux, Guillaume. "Bifurcations et propriétés qualitatives de quelques systèmes spatialement étendus." Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE4068.
Full textWe study spatially extended systems, modelized by partial differential equations, in the neighbourhood of bifurcations, whose structure allows to obtain results on the qualitative properties of the systems. In a first part, a spatially homogeneous periodic orbit close to a saddle-node separatrix-loop can exhibit an instability with respect to large wavelength perturbations called selfparametric, characterized by characteristics wavelength and a time period doubling. If the spatial coupling is stabilizing in the neighbourhood of the saddle-node bifurcation, we show the existence of e threshold curve of the selfparametric instability, and by studying the terms in the corresponding amplitude equation, we show the criterium that determines the supercritical or subcritical character of the instability. The results are applied to the dampened pendulum with a constant torque, with a diffusing coupling. In a second part, we develop the study of a partial node bifurcation, unfolded by an inhomogeneous Neumann boundary condition. We show that the system exhibits a type I periodic emission of pulses in the neighbourhood of the bifurcation, for a bounded spatial domain
Gicquel, Nathalie. "Application de l'étude des bifurcations en dynamique chaotique à un système de transmission numérique de signaux." Toulouse, INSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ISAT0025.
Full textSuárez, Almudena. "Application de l'analyse de stabilité par équilibrage harmonique à la conception de diviseurs de fréquence monolithiques, microondes." Limoges, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIMO0212.
Full textLaklach, Mostafa. "Contribution à l'étude des équations aux dérivées partielles à retard et de type neutre." Pau, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PAUU3019.
Full textGambaudo, Jean-Marc. "Ordre, désordre, et frontière des systèmes Morse-Smale." Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE4106.
Full textBoutyour, El-Hassan. "Méthode asymptotique numérique pour le calcul des bifurcations : application aux structures élastiques." Metz, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1994/Boutyour.El_Hassan.SMZ9435.pdf.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to present numerical algorithms for the detection of bifurcation points, in the framework of Asymptotic-Numerical Methods, which were proposed initially by Damil and Potier-Ferry in 1990. The first section is devoted to a brief review of the bifurcation theory. The notions of branches of solution and singular points are introduced with their caracterisations. Also, there is review of some recent studies on the detection of bifurcations within incremental-iterative methods. The second section is devoted to a review of the asymptotic-numerical methods for computing branches of solution of non-linear problems. Applications are shown for non-linear analysis of elastic thin structures, such as beams, plates and shells. In section three, an asymptotic-numerical procedures is developed for detecting bifurcations on a linear branch. A perturbed equilibrium problem is introduced in order to define a bifurcation indicator, that is well adapted with asymptotic-numerical method which involves to solve several linear problems which have the same stiffness matrix. The improvement of the asymptotic series using Padé approximants is discussed. The method is tested for computing the buckling load of the compressed plate. In section four, the procedure of section three is generalised to a non-linear fundamental branche. Also, after the detection of bifurcation point, the computation of the bifurcating branch is also discussed. Finally, an application for a circular arch is presented
Caboche, Émilie. "Contrôle des Solitons de Cavité : étude expérimentale et théorique." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE4102.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the description of pattern formation and localized structures in semi-conductors devices. The first part is a review of the appearance of these kinds of structures in other fields as morphogenesis or vibrated granular media. At the end of the first chapter a simplified model (discretized Swift-Hohenberg equation) is proposed in order to understand one of the theoretical approaches allowing to explain pattern an LS formation : the bifurcation theory. In the following chapter we point out the interest of generating LS in semiconductor devices : theses structures are named Cavity Solitons (CS). The ability to produce them in devices tuned above threshold is demonstrated. The third chapter describes experimentally and numerically the interaction between defects in the device (internal gradients) and an external gradient used to move CS. A CS flow is produced : its frequency depends on two characteristic times : the switch-on time and the unpinning time. In order to better understand these regimes we studied numerically both the switching on a defect and the effects of collision between a CS and a defect side. The predominance of one or the other of these two times leads to different behaviours important for applications. Some technological applications are described
Gauthier, Thomas. "Dimension de Hausdorff de lieux de bifurcations maximales en dynamique des fractions rationnelles." Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1477/.
Full textIn the moduli space Md of degree d rational maps, the bifurcation locus is the support of a closed (1, 1) positive current Tbif called bifurcation current. This current gives rise to a measure µbif := (Tbif)2d-2 whose support is the seat of strong bifurcations. Our main result says that supp(µbif)has maximal Hausdor. Dimension 2(2d-2). It follows that the set of degree d rational maps having 2d-2distinct neutral cycles is dense in a set of full Hausdor. Dimension. Note that previously, only the existence of such rational maps (Shishikura) was known. Let us mention that for our proof, we. Rst establish that the (2d - 2)-Misiurewicz rational maps belong to the support of µbif. The last chapter, which is independent of the rest of the thesis, deals with the space M2. We prove that, in this case, the current Tbif naturally extends to a (1, 1)-closed positive current on P2 which we calculate the Lelong numbers. We also show that the support of µbif is unbounded in M2
Gauthier, Thomas. "Dimension de Hausdorff de lieux de bifurcations maximales en dynamique des fractions rationnelles." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00646407.
Full textPalermo, Alberto. "Essais en théorie de la négociation et gouvernance." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020019.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the effects that information has on incentives. The three papers provide and explore some results when the information is the main variable of interest, it is made endogenous, not homogeneous between actors and evolving over time in a way that is not necessarily rational. The first paper studies hold-up problems in vertical hierarchies with adverse selection showing that as the bargaining power of the worker increases, distortions coming from asymmetric information vanish. Moreover, it studies the effect of schooling and degree of heterogeneity in the workforce on the allocation of bargaining power in regulating markets. The second paper relaxes the common assumption of homogeneous beliefs in principal-agent relationships with adverse selection. In an evolutionary learning set-up, which is imitative, principals can have different beliefs about the distribution of agents’ types in the population. Convergence to a uniform belief depends on the relative size of the bias in beliefs. In addition, the set-up is a version of a stable cobweb model. Our approach offers explanations for alternating periods of oscillating and relatively steady quantity. The third paper studies how the informative content of legal policies as strict-liability and fault-based, in case of moral concerns, influences the optimal design of liability regimes. Many recent cases show that an individual found to have caused harm faces not only the possibility of a legal sanction — e.g., the damages he must pay — but also social boycott, disapproval or stigma. The paper shows that the choice of a policy depends in a complex way on the magnitude of the harm and the “moral cost”.Keywords: Bargaining, Adverse Selection, Hold-up, Evolutionary Game Theory, Heterogeneous Beliefs, Bifurcation Theory, Boycott, Law Enforcement, Strict Liability, Negligence
Sugny, Dominique. "Théorie des Perturbations Canonique et Dynamique Moléculaire Non-Linéaire." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005074.
Full textBarrandon, Matthieu. "Bifurcations dans les systèmes réversibles de dimension infinie en présence d'un spectre essentiel : applications à la théorie des vagues." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE4074.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of bifurcations of a class of infinite dimensional reversible systems. These systems possess a family of equilibrium solutions near the origin. We also assume that the linearized operator at the origin Lε has an essential spectrum filling the entire real line, in addition to a simple eigenvalue at 0. Moreover, for parameter values ε > 0 there is a pair of imaginary eigenvalues which describe the situation. These assumptions are sufficient to prove the existence of a one-parameter family solutions, homoclinic to the equilibrium solutions near the origin. These homoclinic solutions are reversible and their decay rate at infinity is algebraic. They are approximated at main order by the Benjamin-Ono solitary wave. We also prove the existence of a two-parameter family of periodic solutions which are approximated at main order by solutions of the Benjamin-Ono equation for periodic functions. These results apply in the water-wave theory when one is looking for travelling waves for two superposed layers of perfect fluids, the bottom one being infinitely deep, the upper one being bounded by a rigid top or having a free surface with high surface tension. We obtain a family of solitary waves and a two-parameter family of periodic waves
Ben, Saadi My El Hassan. "Méthodes asymptotiques-numériques pour le calcul de bifurcations de Hopf et de solutions périodiques." Metz, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1995/Ben_Saadi.Hassan.SMZ9547.pdf.
Full textIn this work, we have presented a study on the ordinary differential equations which have periodic solutions or Hopf bifurcation points. For this study, we have applied an asymptotic-numerical methods that have been applied up to now only in static. We have started our test on the conservative differential equations or dissipative ones which have one degree of freedom. The domain of validity of the representation by power series is limited by a raduis of convergence. By use of the techniques discuted (approximants of Padé, projection technique and transformation of Euler), we have extended this domain up to a large value. In the second part, we have detected the Hopf bifurcation points by an asymptotic numerical algorithm. So, these points are detected through a perturbed and linear problem which depends on two real parameters. Indeed, we have introduced an Hopf bifurcation index which is expanded firstly into power series of two parameters. Then, we have caracterized the Hopf bifurcation points from this index. Since, we have showed that the index is a rational fraction. So, the series can be replaced by the approximants of Padé which lead to the exact value of the index. We have also showed that the "reduced strategies", i. E, the approximants of Padé which replace the series truncated at inferior orders, permit also to detect the Hopf bifurcation points. The efficiency, of these procedures is tested on the problems with small number of degrees of freedom. The applications on the systems with great number of degrees of freedom are the aim of others thesis in Metz
Kara-Djellit, Ilham. "Etude de l'organisation des bifurcations d'un modèle de laser CO2." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30249.
Full textKolb, Sébastien. "Théorie des bifurcations appliquée à l'analyse de la dynamique du vol des hélicoptères." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00199793.
Full textUn état de l'art permet de montrer en quoi la méthodologie a fait ses preuves dans le cas de la mécanique du vol des avions et présente quelques phénomènes fortement non-linéaires issus du domaine des hélicoptères.
Dans un premier temps, il s'agit de mettre en place la problématique. Des travaux informatiques aboutissent au couplage du code HOST de mécanique du vol des hélicoptères d'EUROCOPTER et du code ASDOBI d'analyse des systèmes dynamiques de l'ONERA. Un modèle analytique d'hélicoptère complètement dédié et adapté à cette application est également développé. Par ailleurs, il est mis en évidence que la bonne formulation mathématique des problèmes évoqués est celle d'un système algébro-différentiel.
Dans un second temps, trois cas illustratifs de la démarche sont étudiés. Tout d'abord, l'instabilité aérodynamique liée à la formation d'anneaux tourbillonnaires à la périphérie du rotor dans certains cas de vol est analysée et des bifurcations de valeur propre réelle sont diagnostiquées. Un nouveau critère pour délimiter la région d'instabilité est donné par le calcul du lieu des points de ces bifurcations. Ensuite, le cas du roulis hollandais est examiné montrant que la bifurcation de Hopf (supercritique) sous-jacente s'avère donner naissance à des cycles limites stables. Enfin, l'étude porte son attention sur le couplage aéronef-pilote. Des oscillations induites par le pilote sont constatées pour la chaîne de commande choisie. Des bifurcations noeuds-selles de cycles limites et des sauts d'orbites périodiques correspondent aux changements brusques de qualités de vol observés.
Busquet, Denis. "Study of a high Reynolds number flow around a two dimensional airfoil at stall : an approach coupling a RANS framework and bifurcation theory." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAX027.
Full textAirfoil stall is commonly described as a sudden drop of lift when increasing the angle of attack. This phenomenon is detrimental to aircrafts and helicopters, since it strongly limits their flight envelope. Past experimental and numerical investigations, specifically dedicated to static stall (i.e. for rigid wings), have clearly identified two phenomena which appear close to the stall angle: low-frequency oscillations and hysteresis of the lift coefficient. The first one is an oscillation of the lift between maximal and minimal values obtained when the instantaneous flow is attached and fully separated, respectively. The corresponding Strouhal number (St ~ 0.02) is usually an order of magnitude lower than the Strouhal number (St ~ 0.2) of the vortex-shedding that may appear for larger angles of attack. The second phenomenon is characterized by the existence of different time-averaged solutions around the stall angle depending on whether the angle of attack is increased or decreased.The objective of this thesis is to better understand the origin of stall and of these two phenomena using numerical simulations of turbulent flows modelled in the RANS (Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) framework. A combination of various numerical and theoretical approaches (unsteady simulations, continuation of steady solutions, linear stability and bifurcation analyses) have been developed and applied to the stall of a 2D helicopter blade airfoil OA209 at low Mach number (M~0.2) and high Reynolds number (Re~1.8x10^6).Steady RANS computations are performed using Spalart-Allmaras model to obtain steady states for several angles of attack taking advantage of continuation methods (naive continuation and pseudo-arclength method). The results highlight one upper branch (of high lift), one lower branch (of low lift) and, in between, a middle branch. Close to stall, for a same angle of attack, solutions coexist on each branch, characterizing a hysteresis phenomenon. Linear stability analyses performed around these equilibrium states reveal the existence of a low-frequency unstable mode associated to stall. The evolution of the corresponding eigenvalues along the branches of steady solutions allows us to establish a first sketch of the bifurcation scenario. Unsteady RANS computations are carried out to complete it. Low-frequency limit-cycle solutions have been identified in a narrow range of angles of attack close stall. These periodic solutions are characterized by maximal and minimal instantaneous values of the lift that are larger and lower than the associated high-lift and low-lift steady solutions, respectively. To clarify the formation and disappearance of this low-frequency limit cycle, and thus improve our knowledge about the bifurcation scenario, a one-equation model reproducing the linear characteristics of the phenomenon is proposed. This nonlinear static-stall model is calibrated on the steady states and their linear behavior obtained with RANS computations. A study of the nonlinear behavior of this model then reveals a possible scenario leading to the appearance and collapsing of the low frequency limit cycle. Finally, the case of a NACA0012 at Re~1.0x10^6 is considered to check the robustness of the scenario identified
Mathon, Cédric. "Flambage sous flexion et pression interne de coques cylindriques minces." Lyon, INSA, 2004. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0097/these.pdf.
Full textThe study deals with the behaviour of thin-walled cylindrical shells (R/t = 400), internally pressurized or not, submitted to a pure bending load. After a short overview allowing us introducing the mechanical concept or stability, we first examine unpressurized structures. Limits of the classical linear theory are investigated, and we scrutinize the various reasons that may explain the statistical gap between experimental results under a bending moment or pure compression. The second part concerns pressurized shells. The action of internal pressure is considered from various points of view. We examine its consequences on geometrical defects through experimental measurements, and then we precise the evolution of bifurcation loads related to the increasing of the pressure. The post-critical behaviour is then studied, and with the help of our experimental results, we show that the collapse load is significantly higher than the buckling load, which is not the case for pressurised shells under pure compression
Signoret, Françoise. "Étude de situations singulières et forçage périodique dans le problème de Couette-Taylor." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE4208.
Full textSanchez, Sanchez Hector A. "Flambage de coques raidies et non raidies sous chargements combinés." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0062.
Full textBuckling stability of thin shells can be dramatically improved upon through stiffening and pressurisation. ·The work presented in this thesis is an attempt to study the effect of these parameters on the overall buckling behaviour of thin cylindrical shells. Essentially, the work is divided into two parts : the first involves the study of stiffened cylindrical shells under combined internal pressure and axial compression. The classical homogenisation technique is used to analyse elastic buckling problems while the new multilayer technique is applied to plastic buckling problems. The second part studies the effect of horizontal shearing in combination with the axial compression and internal pressure for unstiffened cylindrical shells. Here , only the experimental results, on a limited test series, are presented and the concept of bifurcation is correlated whit the phenomenological aspects of the shells
Chehab, Jean-Paul. "Méthode des inconnues incrémentales : application au calcul des bifurcations." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112031.
Full textTaralova-Roux, Ina. "Etude de la transmission MICDIF à caractéristique non différentiable à l'aide de la théorie des systèmes dynamiques non linéaires." Toulouse, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAT0031.
Full textSlimani, Sai͏̈d. "Etude spatiotemporelle des phénomènes non linéaires de propagation : application à la convection d'un fluide binaire." Aix-Marseille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX11032.
Full textMedelfef, Abdessamed. "Transitions d'écoulements en cavité chauffée latéralement : application à la croissance cristalline." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEC018.
Full textHydrodynamic instabilities in laterally heated cavities play an important role in some material processing techniques such as the horizontal Bridgman process. Indeed, the fluid (liquid metal to be solidified) is the seat of a thermoconvective circulation due to the existence of a horizontal temperature gradient which is likely to become unsteady via oscillatory instabilities. The knowledge and the control of these instabilities are thus essential in order to be able to improve the quality of the crystals obtained by this technique. In this thesis, we are first interested in the instabilities of the convective circulation in a three-dimensional cavity of dimensions 4×2×1 (length × width × height). Thanks to the numerical continuation techniques, we were able to obtain the stationary and oscillatory solutions, as well as their stability, until the appearance of the quasi-periodicity according to the Grashof number Gr and for a Prandtl number Pr ranging from 0 to 0.025.Then, the effects induced by a rotation of the cavity around the vertical axis parallel to gravity (for a possible control of the instabilities) are studied and a one-dimensional model developed during this thesis was first considered. This analytical model, although simplified, is in very good agreement with the observations of the atmospheric flows (deviation of the fluid masses towards the right of the component of the dominant velocity and thermal winds). The linear stability of this flow as well as an energy analysis at the thresholds are then performed as a function of the rotation rate given by the Taylor number Ta and the Grashof number Gr for a Prandtl number Pr ranging from 0 to 10. Through this model, we have been able to show that the rotation has a stabilizing effect on this type of flow.We finally focused on the effects of this type of rotation on the steady fully threedimensional flow observed in the cavity 4×2×1 at low Grashof numbers.We have highlighted two flow regimes: a regime dominated by convection where the fluid circulation, deviated by the rotation, occurs in the diagonal of the cavity, and a second regime dominated by rotation where the fluid circulation is concentrated in the so-called Ekman and Stewartson boundary layers. A very good agreement is observed between the simplified analytical model and the three-dimensional numerical simulation
Trochut, Séverin. "Contribution à l'analyse de stabilité des convertisseurs à découpage monolithiques : application à la téléphonie mobile." Lyon, INSA, 2005. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2005ISAL0054/these.pdf.
Full textThe mobile phone market is always very active despite the slow-downs forecasted by the analysts. The technological war is on between phone constructors which do not stop to add functionalities to their platforms. Power supplies relies on batteries. But they are not able to provide a fixed voltage while the device is in use. They also can not guaranty a fixed voltage whatever is the load placed behind. But to ensure a correct behavior of embedded precision electronics, a fixed voltage source must be provided. Autonomy is now a key factor to ensure a given phone success on the market. In this dynamical context, Switch Mode Power Supplies started to appear in the world of mobile phones. They have to be stable, precise and be highly efficient. But the first point (stability) is really complex to master. This PhD thesis proposes a contribution to stability study of step-down DC/DC converters. Classical approaches based on linear methods are explored but given up. The first harmonic method is also quickly investigated to finally concentrate the effort on non-linear approaches and hybrid modeling. These last methods will allow to define a general stability criterion whose validity is also verified for other types of regulator (boost and buck-boost). The criterion is then verified against several simulations : – mathematical simulations based on hybrid models ; – VHDL-AMS based simulations ; – electrical simulations at transistor level ; – prototype based on discrete components. The criterion was each time verified. A tool exploiting those results has been created and will be integrated inside the design flow in STMicroelectronics. Switch-mode power supplies realized during this study were analyzed afterwards and a great concordance has been seen between tool predictions and real converters behaviors
Baz, Omar. "Quelques problèmes de flambement viscoélastique." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20018.
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