Academic literature on the topic 'Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN)'

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Journal articles on the topic "Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN)"

1

Schramm, D. N. "Big Bang Nucleosynthesis." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 187 (2002): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900113695.

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Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) is on the verge of undergoing a transformation now that extragalactic deuterium is being measured. Previously, the emphasis was on demonstrating the concordance of the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis model with the abundances of the light isotopes extrapolated back to their primordial values using stellar and Galactic evolution theories. Once the primordial deuterium abundance is converged upon, the nature of the field will shift to using the much more precise primordial D/H to constrain the more flexible stellar and Galactic evolution models (although the question of p
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2

Steigman, Gary. "Neutrinos and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis." Advances in High Energy Physics 2012 (2012): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/268321.

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According to the standard models of particle physics and cosmology, there should be a background of cosmic neutrinos in the present Universe, similar to the cosmic microwave photon background. The weakness of the weak interactions renders this neutrino background undetectable with current technology. The cosmic neutrino background can, however, be probed indirectly through its cosmological effects on big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. In this BBN review, focused on neutrinos and more generally on dark radiation, the BBN constraints on the number
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3

Foley, M., N. Sasankan, M. Kusakabe, and G. J. Mathews. "Revised uncertainties in Big Bang Nucleosynthesis." International Journal of Modern Physics E 26, no. 08 (2017): 1741008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301317410087.

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Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) explores the first few minutes of nuclei formation during the Big Bang. We present updated 2[Formula: see text] for the abundances of the four primary light nuclides — D, 3He, 4He, and 7Li — in BBN. A modified standard BBN code was used in a Monte Carlo analysis of the nucleosynthesis uncertainties as a function of the baryon-to-photon ratio. Reaction rates were updated to those of NACRE, REACLIB, and [Formula: see text]-Matrix calculations. The results were then used to derive a new constraint on the effective number of neutrinos.
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4

Pospelov, M. "Catalyzed Big-Bang nucleosynthesis." Canadian Journal of Physics 86, no. 4 (2008): 611–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p07-206.

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We point out that the existence of metastable, τ >103 s, negatively charged electroweak-scale particles (X–) alters the predictions for lithium and other primordial elemental abundances for A > 4 via the formation of bound states with nuclei during Big-Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). In particular, we show that the bound states of X– with helium, formed at temperatures of about T = 108 K, lead to the catalytic enhancement of 6Li production, which is eight orders of magnitude more efficient than the standard channel. In particle physics models, where subsequent decay of X– does not lead to la
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5

Coc, Alain, and Elisabeth Vangioni. "Primordial nucleosynthesis." International Journal of Modern Physics E 26, no. 08 (2017): 1741002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301317410026.

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Primordial nucleosynthesis, or big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), is one of the three evidences for the big bang model, together with the expansion of the universe and the cosmic microwave background. There is a good global agreement over a range of nine orders of magnitude between abundances of 4He, D, 3He and 7Li deduced from observations, and calculated in primordial nucleosynthesis. However, there remains a yet-unexplained discrepancy of a factor [Formula: see text], between the calculated and observed lithium primordial abundances, that has not been reduced, neither by recent nuclear physics
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6

Yeh, Tsung-Han, Keith A. Olive, and Brian D. Fields. "The Neutron Mean Life and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis." Universe 9, no. 4 (2023): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe9040183.

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We explore the effect of neutron lifetime and its uncertainty on standard big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). BBN describes the cosmic production of the light nuclides, 1H, D, 3H+3He, 4He, and 7Li+7Be, in the first minutes of cosmic time. The neutron mean life τn has two roles in modern BBN calculations: (1) it normalizes the matrix element for weak n↔p interconversions, and (2) it sets the rate of free neutron decay after the weak interactions freeze-out. We review the history of the interplay between τn measurements and BBN, and present a study of the sensitivity of the light element abundances
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7

Hwang, Eunseok, Dukjae Jang, Kiwan Park, et al. "Dynamical screening effects on big bang nucleosynthesis." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2021, no. 11 (2021): 017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2021/11/017.

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Abstract A moving ion in plasma creates a deformed electric potential depending on the ion velocity, which leads to the distinct screening effect compared to the standard static Salpeter formula. In this paper, adopting the test charge method, we explore the dynamical screening effects on big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). We find that the high temperature in the early universe causes the ion velocity to be faster than the solar condition so that the electric potential is effectively polarized. However, the low density of background plasma components significantly suppresses the dynamical screeni
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8

VILLANTE, F. L. "BBN AND NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE: A BRIEF REVIEW." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 11 (2005): 2431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05024729.

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9

KAMIMURA, M., Y. KINO, and E. HIYAMA. "STAU-CATALYZED BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS AND NUCLEAR CLUSTER MODEL." International Journal of Modern Physics A 24, no. 11 (2009): 2076–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x09045649.

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Three-body cluster-model calculations are performed for the new types of big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) reactions that are calalyzed by a supersymmetric (SUSY) particle stau, a scalar partner of the tau lepton. If a stau has a lifetime ≳ 103s, it would capture a light element previously synthesized in standard BBN and form a Coulombic bound state. The bound state, an exotic atom, is expected to induce various reactions, such as (αX-) + d → 6 Li + X-, in which a negatively charged stau (denoted as X-) works as a catalyzer. Recent literature papers have claimed that some of these stau-catalyzed
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10

Makki, Tahani, and Mounib El Eid. "Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) and Non-Standard Physics." EPJ Web of Conferences 184 (2018): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818402009.

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A brief overview on standard big bang nucleosynthesis (shortly, SBBN) is presented. First, we describe the outcome of the SBBN concerning the abundances of the light elements up to 7Li. A comparison with observations reveals a Lithium overproduction, which is not understood yet and is termed as “Cosmological Lithium Problem”. Resolving that problem is not easy, since many aspects are involved whichnuclear, astrophysical and even a non-standard scenario may be invoked. These items are described in some details owing to the limited available space.
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