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Journal articles on the topic 'Bihar'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 April 2022

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1

KUMAR, AISHWARJ. "A Marginalized Voice in the History of ‘Hindi’." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 5 (March 14, 2013): 1706–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000492.

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AbstractThis paper examines the history of ‘Hindi’1 as a modern Indian language in Bihar between 1850 and 1900. It looks beyond the North-Western Provinces, hitherto the focus of most studies of Hindi, and issues that were important here but not in Bihar like, for example, the ‘Hindi’-Urdu conflict. Instead, it looks at how the ways in which the history of ‘Hindi’ unfolded in Bihar and was distinct from that in other parts of North India. It demonstrates how the regional languages of Bihar were more crucial to the development of ‘Hindi’ in this region than standardized ‘Hindi’, at least until the early twentieth century. A prime focus in this paper is Sir George Abraham Grierson who postulated the theory of an independent ‘Bihari’ language and collected materials to support it. These materials reflect the continuing popularity of Bihari cultural traditions throughout the nineteenth century despite the avowed support for a standardized ‘Hindi’ by the colonial government and the intelligentsia of Bihar. They add a dimension to the historical development of ‘Hindi’ that was distinctive to Bihar. Focussing on this, this paper stresses the part played in the history of ‘Hindi’ by an agent whose voice was marginalized and later ignored or suppressed in canonical accounts of its development as a modern Indian language.

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2

Ranjan, Priya. "AGRICULTURE SCENARIO AND STRATEGIES FOR BIHARS DEVELOPMENT." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 10 (October 31, 2020): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/11827.

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Agriculture is at the core of Bihars economy, employing 77 % of the work force and generating 35 % of the state domestic product. With 88 % of the states poor living in rural areas, improving agricultural performance and related rural non-farm activity is critical for improving livelihoods and reducing poverty. Major crops grown in Bihar are rice, wheat, maize, gram, red gram, sugarcane, potato & other vegetables. However, the agricultural sector in Bihar is plagued with numerous, and well known, constraints and problems. Bihars agricultural development in the latest 15 years between 2005-06 and 2019-20, presents a mixed picture. Agriculture growth was around 4.7 per cent, which was above the national average of 3.6 per cent and in the latest five years, its performance was even more commendable, with an average annual growth rate of 7.1 per cent. However, agriculture productivity of two of its major crops, rice and wheat, is lower than the national average, despite the relatively high private investment in yield augmenting inputs such as fertilizers, certified seeds, tube wells and farm machines.

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3

Nemes, Robert. "Obstacles to Nationalization on the Hungarian-Romanian Language Frontier." Austrian History Yearbook 43 (April 2012): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237811000579.

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In 1863, the geologist Adolf Schmidl published a thick book on the Bihar/Bihor Mountains, a highland region on the border between the Hungarian Kingdom and Transylvania. Calling the Bihar/Bihor Mountains one of the “least known regions in the Austrian Monarchy,” Schmidl offered his work as small contribution to Vaterlandskunde and one, he hoped, that would inspire others to follow him into the region. The book provided a detailed analysis of the mountains' hydrography, topography, flora, and fauna. The biological diversity of the region especially excited Schmidl, and his discoveries included four new species of plants and a new species of animal (a leech found only in thermal waters). Schmidl was no less impressed by the ethnographic diversity of this region. Although Romanians belonging to the Greek Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches comprised the vast majority of the population, Schmidl counted six ethnic groups and as many religions in the mountains. According to Schmidl, “national agitation” was “entirely foreign” to the region, whose inhabitants enjoyed peaceful and fraternal relations with one another. The Romanians, he underlined, “are among the most loyal in the Austrian monarchy and their devotion to the dynasty is unfeigned and unshakeable.”

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4

Konrád, György. "Bihar County Homecoming." Common Knowledge 25, no. 1-3 (April 1, 2019): 480–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/0961754x-7299582.

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5

Nagy, Egon. "A román-magyar határ menti együttműködések megítélése a román oldali településvezetők szemszögéből." Tér és Társadalom 24, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 221–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17649/tet.24.4.1800.

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A jelen kutatás során alkalmazott kérdőív az együttműködés jelenlegi állapotára és kilátásaira, a határ térbeli közelségének érzékelésére, valamint a saját község fejlődési lehetőségeinek értékelésére tér ki. A kérdőívet a romániai Szatmár (Satu Mare) és Bihar (Bihor) megyék településeinek polgármesterei vagy alpolgármesterei töltötték ki. A tanulmány ennek a kérdőívnek a kiértékelésén keresztül mutatja be a romániai települési vezetők viszonyulását a magyar–román határon átnyúló együttműködésekhez.

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6

Chandra B P Singh. "Educational Development Index of Bihar: Towards Better Tomorrow." Issues and Ideas in Education 6, no. 2 (September 3, 2018): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/iie.2018.62009.

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The study was designed to compute district wise Educational Development Index of Bihar. At the same time, an attempt was made to assess the trend of improvement in elementary education for the last few years. U-DISE data for the last two years (2014-15 and 2015-16) was analyzed and compared with the baseline data. Bihar showed significant improvement on many parameters of elementary education. Despite the fact that Bihar is yet to achieve the desirable level but the progress is evident. Other than learning achievement in terms of quality Bihar has shown her firm determination to change the gloomy picture of elementary education. The findings reflect a positive trend of upward movement. Right from access to teachers in school Bihar has made progress in the light of RTE act, 2009.

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7

Singh, C. P. "Communicating Bihar NEE Hope." Mass Communicator: International Journal of Communication Studies 7, no. 2 (2013): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/j.0973-967x.7.2.005.

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8

Shroff, Sangeeta. "Bihar Agriculture - A Perspective." Artha Vijnana: Journal of The Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics 53, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.21648/arthavij/2011/v53/i3/117569.

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9

Pati, Biswamoy, and Vinita Damodaran. "Nationalist Movement in Bihar." Social Scientist 24, no. 9/10 (September 1996): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3520145.

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10

Chaudhary, R. B., Kaushal Kishore Sharma, Prabhakar Prasad Singh, and Ranjan Kumar. "Peasant Movement in Bihar." Social Scientist 27, no. 5/6 (May 1999): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3518144.

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11

Singh, Kavaljit. "Ravaging India's Bihar Plateau." Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 26, no. 4 (December 1994): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14672715.1994.10416176.

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12

Kállai, Krisztina. "Bihar megye turizmusának jellemzése." Acta Carolus Robertus 9, no. 1 (2019): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.33032/acr.2019.9.1.97.

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13

Menon, Radhika. "Common School System, Bihar." Contemporary Education Dialogue 6, no. 1 (July 2008): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973184913411181.

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14

Prasad, L. S. N. "Kala-azar in Bihar." Indian Journal of Pediatrics 54, no. 1 (January 1987): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02751248.

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15

thakur, Pappu, and Dr Narad singh. "Naxalism collapse in Bihar." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Configuration 1, no. 2 (April 28, 2021): 09–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.52984/ijomrc1203.

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नक्सलीय समस्या हमारे देश के लिए बड़ा आंतरिक खतरा बन गया है। खासकर 2007 में प्रधानमंत्री मनमोहन सिंह की टिप्पणियों के बाद, यह एक चिंता का विषय बन गया है और साथ ही अकादमिक बहस का विषय भी है। इस मुद्दे को बड़े पैमाने पर और गहनता से संबोधित करने के लिए नवीन विचार और नए सिरे से योजना बनाई गई है। इस पृष्ठभूमि में, मध्य बिहार का एक मामला अध्ययन इस मुद्दे पर प्रकाश को केंद्रित करने के लिए प्रासंगिक हो जाता है। यह एक स्थापित तथ्य है कि बिहार में नक्सलवाद ने मध्य बिहार के माध्यम से अपना रास्ता बनाया था। जब काउंटरिंसर्जेंसी तंत्र ने पश्चिम बंगाल और आंध्र प्रदेश में नक्सलवाद के पहले बुलबुले को कुचल दिया, तो उसे मध्य बिहार में अपना प्रजनन क्षेत्र मिला। मध्य बिहार में बार-बार नरसंहार और नक्सल आतंक देश के लिए 1980 और 1990 के दशक में चिंता का विषय बन गया। यह तर्क देता है कि बदलती सामाजिक-आर्थिक परिस्थितियों के साथ-साथ अन्य कारकों ने मध्य बिहार में माओवादी लोकप्रियता और ताकत को व्यापक रूप से प्रतिबंधित कर दिया।

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16

Krishna, Gopal, Anant Kumar, P. Lakshminarasimhan, and Anand Kumar. "Distributional Note on Fernandoa adenophylla (Wall. ex G.Don) Steenis (Bignoniaceae)." Indian Journal of Forestry 39, no. 2 (January 6, 2016): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2016-624w4y.

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During the botanical exploration tour to Aurangabad and Nawada districts of Bihar in 2014-15, authors collected Fernandoa adenophylla (Wall. ex G.Don) Steenis (Bignoniaceae), a species not recorded from Bihar so far. The present collection is reported as new generic record from Bihar as naturalised. Detailed morphological description, habitat and distribution in India are presented here.

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17

Dubey, Shobharam. "Buddhist Art Center of Bihar." RESEARCH HUB International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 9, no. 2 (February 20, 2022): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.53573/rhimrj.2022.v09i02.003.

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Mahatma Buddha took birth in Lumbini, Nepal and spread Buddhism in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The remains of Buddhist architecture in the form of stupas, chaityas and Bihar are spread over the states of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh in the form of Buddhist art centers of India. The state of Bihar has been the abode of Buddha. Bodh Gaya situated here is famous for the Buddha's enlightenment. Among the famous Buddhist art centers of Vihara state, Laurianandangarh, Rajgir, Nalanda, Bodh Gaya and Vaishali are the main ones. Abstract in Hindi Language: लौरियानन्दनगढ़, राजगीर, नालन्दा, बोधगया, वैशाली।

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18

CHAKRAVARTTY, ARYENDRA. "Provincial Pasts and National Histories: Territorial self-fashioning in twentieth-century Bihar." Modern Asian Studies 52, no. 4 (April 2, 2018): 1347–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x16000561.

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AbstractThis article explores how local lived experiences and nationalist sentiments converged to shape a regional literati's conception of the province of Bihar in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century colonial India. Following the formation of the separate province of Bihar in 1912, certain very powerful Indian-nationalist and cultural-historical factors were deployed to create a much-needed cultural-historical past for Bihar. In this project of territorial self-fashioning, institutions such as the Bihar and Orissa Research Society (1915) and the Patna Museum (1917) became crucial to the new political-cultural configuration of the region. Additionally, they also made Bihar's ancient past visible in a deliberately nationalist narrative. Projecting its rich ancient past onto a national framework provided Bihar with the possibility of overcoming its characterization as ‘backward’ and provincial. This article therefore moves beyond analytic frameworks of nationalism which emphasize particularities of regional identity by framing them in perpetual antagonism to the efforts of Indian national integration. By looking at the construction of narratives of an ancient past that straddled the region and the nation, I argue that the emergence of an entity called Bihar was braided into India's nationalist imagination.

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19

Singh, Jayakant, and Enu Anand. "The Nexus between Child Marriage and Women Empowerment with Physical Violence in Two Culturally Distinct States of India." International Journal of Population Research 2015 (December 7, 2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/458654.

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Summary. We investigated the relationship between child marriage among young women and their level of empowerment with spousal physical violence in two culturally distinct states of India (Bihar and Tamil Nadu) using nationally representative survey data. Empowerment index was calculated taking into account parameters such as mobility, economic independence, and decision-making power of a woman using Principal Component Analysis method. Lower level of women empowerment was significantly associated with physical violence in Tamil Nadu (OR = 2.38, p<0.01) whereas marriage before the age of 15 was associated with physical violence in Bihar (OR = 3.27, p<0.001). The mean age at marriage was low among women who reported physical violence as compared to those who did not report physical violence across Bihar and Tamil Nadu and at all India level. Although the majority of the women in Tamil Nadu justified wife beating and witnessed father beating mother as compared to the women from Bihar, however, they were less likely to report physical violence than women from Bihar. Factors contributing to physical violence are distinct in Bihar and Tamil Nadu. Culture specific intervention may be considered while planning intervention strategies to curb spousal violence against women.

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20

Sharma, Sanjiv Kumar. "A signature dish of Bihar: Litti and Chokha." MOJ Food Processing & Technology 7, no. 1 (January 11, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojfpt.2019.07.00210.

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Bihar is a land locked state lying in the eastern part of India. The word Bihar comes from the Sanskrit word Vihara meaning Buddhist Monasteries. The Mauryan Empire rose from Magadha. Buddhism, which is one of the biggest religions in the world, originated in Bihar and it is also home to the ancient Nalanda University, which was a centre of learning established during the 5th century. Litti Chokha a remarkable dish which comes from the state of Bihar is not only popular in India today, but has also made a special mark globally. Litti and Chokha are absolutely delicious and is the rustic way of cooking.

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21

Sharma, Sanjiv Kumar. "A signature dish of Bihar: Litti and Chokha." MOJ Food Processing & Technology 7, no. 1 (January 11, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojfpt.2019.07.00210.

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Bihar is a land locked state lying in the eastern part of India. The word Bihar comes from the Sanskrit word Vihara meaning Buddhist Monasteries. The Mauryan Empire rose from Magadha. Buddhism, which is one of the biggest religions in the world, originated in Bihar and it is also home to the ancient Nalanda University, which was a centre of learning established during the 5th century. Litti Chokha a remarkable dish which comes from the state of Bihar is not only popular in India today, but has also made a special mark globally. Litti and Chokha are absolutely delicious and is the rustic way of cooking.

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22

Husain, Akhlaq, and Wajid Hasan. "Review and Updating: Anurans (Amphibia) of Bihar and Jharkhand, India, with some new records from Jehanabad (Bihar) and their role as potential biological controllers." International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2021.211.

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Present review is meant to update and bring the scattered records of anuran species from Bihar and Jharkhand at one place. A total of 22 valid species (19 from Bihar and 15 from Jharkhand) have been recorded from the existing literature and present new records from Jehanabad (Bihar) are dealt herewith in detail (relevant synonyms, common names, diagnostic features, size, altitudinal records, distribution in Bihar (including new records from Jahanabad), Jharkhand, rest of India and elsewhere and conservation status of each species and their role as potential biological controllers). Variations found in some morphological characters of species studied by various workers from different locations have been recorded.

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23

Kumar, Anjani, Amrendra Kumar, Sudeepa Kumari Jha, and Sumit Kumar Singh. "Appraisal of Cluster Front Line Demonstration on Rapeseed and Mustard in Biharand Jharkhand." Indian Journal of Extension Education 58, no. 1 (2022): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2022.58107.

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Performance of ten varieties of rapeseed and mustard were assessed through cluster frontline demonstration (CFLD) under different agro-climatic condition of Bihar and Jharkhandcontinuously for four years (2017-18 to 2020-21) by the KVKs of Bihar and Jharkhand.Among the agro-climatic zones of Bihar, highest yield was recorded in the demonstratedplot from zone III (B) i.e. South-West alluvial plain in case of variety RH 0749 (15.29 q/ha) and in Jharkhand state from zone I (Central and North astern plateau) with varietyNRCHB 101 (13.31 q/ha). Lowest technology index was observed for variety RajendraSufalam in all the zone (-4.96, 5.53, 7.18 and 22.92 % in zone I, III (B), III (A) & II) ofBihar and NRCHB 101 (23.15% in zone I) in Jharkhand. The range of extension gapwas1.38 to 4.37 and 1.13 to 4.86 q/ha under the agro-climatic zone of Bihar and Jharkhand,respectively. Pooled data shows that in Bihar, maximum net return (Rs. 46986 /ha) wasobtained in variety Rajendra Sufalam in agro-climatic zone III A of Bihar with benefit costratio 3.85:1 whereas under agro-climatic condition of Jharkhand maximum net return (Rs.39598 /ha) was recoded from variety NRCHB 101 with benefit cost ratio 2.80:1

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24

TĂTAR, Corina-Florina, Tomasz STUDZIENIECKI, Klara CZIMRE, and Janos PENZES. "MARKETING AWARENESS OF CROSSBORDER DESTINATION - THE CASE STUDY OF BIHOR- HAJDU/BIHAR EUROREGION." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 28 (March 31, 2020): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.28107-454.

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25

Kumar, Anand, Shyam Biswa, and Gopal Krishna. "Acmella radicans (Jacq.) R.K. Jansen (Asteraceae): An addition to the flora of Bihar." Indian Journal of Forestry 42, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 181–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2019-f923u6.

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26

Sahay, Sarita. "The Folk Tales of Bihar: an Anthropological Perspective." Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore 13 (2000): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/fejf2000.13.bihar.

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27

Srikanth, Raghavachari. "Access, monitoring and intervention challenges in the provision of safe drinking water in rural Bihar, India." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.033.

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This practical paper addresses the vital gap in water quality monitoring in Bihar. The study addresses an institutional weakness in the area of water quality management in rural Bihar, India. The study focuses on the role of access as a vital component in addressing water quality monitoring and interventions that has a huge impact on protecting community health in areas severely contaminated with arsenic and fluoride. The study calls for a drastic shift in the monitoring and intervention strategy to address safe water provision for rural Bihar.

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28

Najmuddin, Omaid, Golam Rasul, Abid Hussain, David Molden, Shahriar Wahid, and Bijan Debnath. "Low Water Productivity for Rice in Bihar, India—A Critical Analysis." Water 10, no. 8 (August 14, 2018): 1082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10081082.

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Rice is the most important crop for food security and livelihoods of the rural population in Bihar, India. In spite of good soil and water resources, rice water productivity (WP) is very low in Bihar. Trends in WP and key factors influencing WP over 20 years (1991–2010) in 11 Bihar districts were analysed using panel data to help elucidate reasons for low WP values. The annual average rice yield of 938 kg/ha, WP of 0.22 kg/m3, and marginal physical productivity (MPP) of 249 g/m3 are very low in Bihar compared to both the national average for India and other rice growing areas in the world. Rice WP and MPP were higher for the garma (dry) season than for the kharif (monsoon) season. Temporal analysis showed that WP was slowly declining in most districts, while spatial analysis showed a significant variation in WP across the districts. Regression analysis showed that the availability of irrigation facilities, occurrence of flood and drought, and cropping intensity had significant influence on rice WP. Causes for temporal and spatial changes in WP are highlighted and actions to improve rice WP in Bihar are suggested.

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Hasker, Epco, Shri Prakash Singh, Paritosh Malaviya, Albert Picado, Kamlesh Gidwani, Rudra Pratap Singh, Joris Menten, Marleen Boelaert, and Shyam Sundar. "Visceral Leishmaniasis, Rural Bihar, India." Emerging Infectious Diseases 18, no. 10 (October 2012): 1662–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1810.111083.

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30

Mohan, Anand. "Geology of Bihar and Jharkhand." Gondwana Research 6, no. 2 (April 2003): 339–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1342-937x(05)70986-2.

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31

Rani, Asha. "Women Empowerment in Rural Bihar." Indian Journal of Public Administration 60, no. 3 (July 2014): 720–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556120140327.

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32

Sahay, Sarita. "Traditional Children’s Games of Bihar." Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore 54 (September 2013): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/fejf2013.54.sahay.

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33

Jha, Hetukar. "Bihar: Blurred Vision, Mounting Aspirations." Social Change 43, no. 3 (September 2013): 461–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049085713494304.

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34

Rákó, Erzsébet, and Veronika Bocsi. "ROMA SZAKKOLLÉGISTÁK HAJDÚ-BIHAR MEGYÉBEN." Különleges Bánásmód - Interdiszciplináris folyóirat 6, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18458/kb.2020.4.41.

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A tanulmány fő célja, hogy a debreceni székhellyel működő roma szakkollégiumokban tanuló diákokat bemutassa. Ennek keretét egy 2019-es kutatás adja, amely a három szakkollégium 62 hallgatóját érte el. A téma aktualitását az adja, hogy a roma és nem roma fiatalok továbbtanulását összevetve még mindig kevés a felsőoktatásba bekerülő roma fiatalok száma. Arra a kérdésre kerestük a választ, hogy milyen tényezők segítették a roma szakkollégistákat az iskolai sikerek elérésben. A kutatás kérdőíve a diákok szociokulturális hátterét, tanulási motivációit, középiskolai tapasztalatait, illetve a kapcsolathálók etnikai mintázatait mérte fel. Az empirikus eredmények elméleti kereteit a magyarországi roma gyermekek és fiatalok oktatásszociológiai kutatásainak eredményei jelentik, amelyeket a felzárkóztató programok ismertetésével egészítünk ki. Az elemzés során a kapott adatokat a Magyar Ifjúság 2016 adatbázisához viszonyítjuk, így képet kapunk arról, hogy a roma fiatalok milyen csoportjai számára vált elérhetővé a felsőoktatás. Vizsgálatunk egy szála a roma identitással bíró, illetve roma identitással nem bíró szakkollégisták összehasonlítását tartalmazza.

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Choudhary, Renu. "Subalternity, Development Initiatives and Empowerment of Dalit Women in Bihar." Contemporary Voice of Dalit 10, no. 2 (July 30, 2018): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455328x18785302.

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Women from Dalit community face multiple subalternity—that is, they are subaltern with various levels of subalternity (as Dalits, as poor and as women). Dalit women face systematic oppression, social exclusion, direct and structural violence within their own community as well as from ‘upper’ castes. Women from Dalit community in Bihar suffer the same trauma. However, Bihar government has taken many steps to empower Dalit women in the state. Several schemes have been floated which are primarily centred on monetary benefits to this section of population. More interestingly, reservation of Dalits in panchayat three-tier systems in the state has made a significant dent in the power relations in which one finds convenient route to empower Dalit women. This background article tries to delve into how far marginalized women of Bihar have been able to gain empowerment as a result of the various development initiatives taken by the Bihar government.

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Badulescu, Alina, Daniel Badulescu, and Afrodita Borma. "Enhancing Cross-Border Cooperation through Local Actors’ Involvement. The Case of Tourism Cooperation in Bihor (Romania) – Hajdú-Bihar (Hungary) Euroregion." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 12, no. 3 (May 9, 2014): 349–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/12.3.349-371(2014).

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For centuries, borders have been considered as firm lines legitimating and defending the essence of the nation-state. However, present times report a redefinition of the role and importance of the border and of the border regions. At European level, the emergence and development of a common European policy have fostered cross-border cooperation (CBC) and self-governance through an increased involvement of local authorities and communities. The paper investigates, both theoretically and based on an empirical quantitative and qualitative research, the role and effectiveness of CBC cooperation in tourism sector in Bihor – Hajdú-Bihar Euroregion.

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Badulescu, Daniel, Alina Badulescu, Ramona Simut, and Dorin Bac. "Considerations on the Effects of Cross-border Cooperation on Fostering Local Public Administration. Study-case: Hungarian – Romanian Border Area." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 15, no. 3 (June 28, 2017): 583–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/15.3.582-604(2017).

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Local administration is a major actor, both stakeholder and beneficiary, in the cross-border cooperation actions. However, there are very few references in the literature investigating the opinion of public managers and employees involved in implementing cross-border cooperation programs regarding the effectiveness of CBC projects. In this paper we address this issue, by reviewing the relevant literature and mostly by presenting the results of own survey-based researches conducted on field. This article captures the opinion of managers and staff regarding the transformations generated by involvement in cross-border actions in Bihor – Hajdú-Bihar Euroregion.

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Richards, Laura A., Arun Kumar, Prabhat Shankar, Aman Gaurav, Ashok Ghosh, and David A. Polya. "Distribution and Geochemical Controls of Arsenic and Uranium in Groundwater-Derived Drinking Water in Bihar, India." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (April 6, 2020): 2500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072500.

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Chronic exposure to groundwater containing elevated concentrations of geogenic contaminants such as arsenic (As) and uranium (U) can lead to detrimental health impacts. In this study, we have undertaken a groundwater survey of representative sites across all districts of the State of Bihar, in the Middle Gangetic Plain of north-eastern India. The aim is to characterize the inorganic major and trace element aqueous geochemistry in groundwater sources widely used for drinking in Bihar, with a particular focus on the spatial distribution and associated geochemical controls on groundwater As and U. Concentrations of As and U are highly heterogeneous across Bihar, exceeding (provisional) guideline values in ~16% and 7% of samples (n = 273), respectively. The strongly inverse correlation between As and U is consistent with the contrasting redox controls on As and U mobility. High As is associated with Fe, Mn, lower Eh and is depth-dependent; in contrast, high U is associated with HCO3−, NO3− and higher Eh. The improved understanding of the distribution and geochemical controls on As and U in Bihar has important implications on remediation priorities and selection, and may contribute to informing further monitoring and/or representative characterization efforts in Bihar and elsewhere in India.

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Ankit, Rakesh. "Caste Politics in Bihar: In Historical Continuum." History and Sociology of South Asia 12, no. 2 (May 15, 2018): 115–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2230807518767968.

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This article provides a long-term narrative of movements for social change in Bihar, precipitated by the steady rise to political power by the Backward Classes/Castes in the state, since 1989. Locating this moment in a longer momentum of struggle since the 1920s, it probes the antecedents of recent social change in Bihar politics. Contextualising this process within a long recessional, it traces a larger democratic cycle of empowerment going back to the early twentieth century. The article attempts the historicisation of Bihar politics by drawing upon a variety of sources—from official records to newspapers—and supplementing them with relevant secondary literature.

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Thoroczkay, Gábor. "Megjegyzések az egri és bihari (váradi) püspökségek esetleges korai kapcsolatáról." Egyházmegyék – királyság – Szent Korona 33, no. 1 (2021): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/belv.2021.1.2.

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The present study disputes the opinion that in the middle of the eleventh century the bishoprics of Bihar (today Biharea, Romania) and Eger formed the same diocese (this is the thesis of Gergely Buzás). The reality, on the other hand, is that Eger was a separate diocese, and the early diocese of Bihar was transferred to Várad (today Oradea, Romania) at the end of the eleventh century. Nevertheless, some data about Bishops Leodvin and Coloman suggest that in the middle and second half of the eleventh century, the dioceses of Eger and Bihar were under the jurisdiction of a single bishop (this was the opinion of László Koszta).

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Sinha, Rajiv, Peter F. Friend, and V. R. Switsur. "Radiocarbon dating and sedimentation rates in the Holocene alluvial sediments of the northern Bihar plains, India." Geological Magazine 133, no. 1 (January 1996): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800007263.

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AbstractSeven radiocarbon dates of carbonate shells and charcoal from the upper two metres of sediment in the Indo-Gangetic plains of northern Bihar, eastern India, can be divided into three groups, with the following approximate ages: 2400±45 a BP (two samples), 1100±45 a BP (four samples) and 765±45 a BP (one sample). This evidence for at least three episodes of sedimentation in the last 2400 a contrasts with evidence of greater ages from similarly near-surface sediments in the middle Gangetic plains of Uttar Pradesh, further west. In these more westerly areas, greater ages and well-developed river terraces point to much more restricted late Holocene sedimentation. Rates of net sediment accumulation calculated using our Bihar ages, spanning a period of the order of 103–104 a, are similar to those calculated for periods of the order of 105–106 a for the Himalayan foreland basin. This suggests that, in the whole basin case, short-period rates higher than the Bihar rates have been compensated by longer than Bihar periods of non-deposition or erosion.

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Sajjad, Mohammad. "Muslim resistance to communal separatism and colonialism in Bihar: nationalist politics of the Bihar Muslims." South Asian History and Culture 2, no. 1 (December 10, 2010): 16–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2011.531601.

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Howard, Veena. "Divine Light and Melodies Lead the Way: The Santmat Tradition of Bihar." Religions 10, no. 4 (March 27, 2019): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10040230.

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This paper focuses on the branch of Santmat (thus far, unstudied by scholars of Indian religions), prevalent in the rural areas of Bihar, India. Santmat—literally meaning “the Path of Sants” or “Point of View of the Sants”—of Bihar represents a unique synthesis of the elements of the Vedic traditions, rural Hindu practices, and esoteric experiences, as recorded in the poetry of the medieval Sant Tradition. I characterize this tradition as “Santmat of Bihar” to differentiate it from the other branches of Santmat. The tradition has spread to all parts of India, but its highest concentration remains in Bihar. Maharishi Mehi, a twentieth-century Sant from Bihar State, identifies Santmat’s goal as śānti. Maharishi Mehi defines Śānti as the state of deep stillness, equilibrium, and the unity with the Divine. He considers those individuals sants who are established in this state. The state of sublime peace is equally available to all human beings, irrespective of gender, religion, ethnicity, or status. However, it requires a systematic path. Drawing on the writings of the texts of Sanātana Dharma, teachings of the Sants and personal experiences, Maharishi Mehi lays out a systematic path that encompasses the moral observances and detailed esoteric experiences. He also provides an in-depth description of the esoteric practices of divine light (dṛṣti yoga) and sound (surat śabda yoga) in the inner meditation. After providing a brief overview of the history and distinctive features of Santmat of Bihar, this paper will focus on the specifics and unique interpretations of the four structural principles of the tradition: Guru (spiritual teacher), dhyān (inner path of mediation), satsaṅg (spiritual discourses or congregating practitioners for meditation or study), and sadācār (moral conduct). Through a close analysis of textual sources, Sants’ oral discourses that I translated, as well as insights from my participant-observant experiences, I will examine how the four elements reorient the practitioner from the mundane world to the sacred inner experience of śānti.

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Kumar, Sanjay. "History of Electoral Violence in Bihar." Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 6, no. 4 (2015): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-5828.2015.00037.6.

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Subba, SonuH, and SudhaSankar Ray. "An ANM's success story from Bihar." Indian Journal of Community and Family Medicine 1, no. 1 (2015): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2395-2113.251614.

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Jain, S. P., S. C. Singh, and H. S. Puri. "Medicinal Plants of Neterhat, Bihar, India." International Journal of Pharmacognosy 32, no. 1 (January 1994): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880209409082971.

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Brown, Carolyn Henning. "Raja and Rank in North Bihar." Modern Asian Studies 22, no. 4 (October 1988): 757–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00015730.

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The Maithil Brahmans of Bihar and the Bengali Brahmans of Bengal, two of the five great North Indian Brahman castes, had, as of the early nineteenth century, closely similar systems of ranked grades and hypergamously marrying lineages. In addition, fundamental concepts—of purity and pollution, of coded substance, of sattva, rajas, and tamas (Dumont 1970; Inden 1976; Davis 1983)—form a shared construction of reality for both groups of Hindus. Yet despite a common ideation and similar patterns of organization up to that point, the ‘Kulin system’ of Bengal virtually disappeared in the middle of the last century, while among the Brahmans to the east in Bihar, the system faltered during the same period, then corrected itself, grew more complex with greater refinements of rank than at any time in the past, and has survived into the present.

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Babita, Babita, Sanjeev Suman, and Shankar Prakash. "EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEASLES IN BIHAR." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental sciences 2, no. 26 (June 27, 2013): 4695–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/900.

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Gorcsa, Oszkár. "Szerb hadifoglyok Bihar vármegyében, 1914–1920." Belvedere Meridionale 32, no. 2 (2020): 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/belv.2020.2.2.

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The World War can be justifiably called the great seminal catastrophe of the 20th century, because the war that should have ended every further war, just disseminated the seeds of another cataclysm. From this point of view it is comprehensible why lots of historians deal with the named period. Numerous monographies and articles that deal with the destructing and stimulating eff ect of the Great War have seen the light of day. However, the mentioned works usually have serious defi cenceis, as most of them deal only with the battlefi elds, and a small proportion deals with the question of everyday life and hinterland, and the ordeals of the POWs are superfi cially described. In case of Hungary, the more serious researches related to POWs only started at the time of the centenary. This is why we can still read in some Serbian literatures about the people annihilating endeavors of the „huns” of Austria–Hungary. My choice of subject was therefore justified by the reasons outlined above. In my presentation I expound on briefly introducing the situations in the austro–hungarian POW camps. Furthermore, the presentation depicts in detail the everyday life, the medical and general treatment, clothing supply, the question of the minimal wages and working time of the prisoner labour forces. Lastly, I am depicting the problem of escapes and issues dealing POWs marriage and citizenship requests.

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Diaz de Cerio, Oihane, and Eider Bilbao. "Deskodetutako arrainak: atzo, gaur eta bihar." EKAIA Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Zientzi eta Teknologi Aldizkaria, no. 28 (December 9, 2015): 151–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/ekaia.13266.

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Nahiz eta genomak eta transkriptomak sekuentziatzeko metodo berriak garatu diren, ingurune urtarreko organismo askoren sekuentzia ez dugu ezagutzen oraindik. Teleosteoen kasuan, kladoaren dibertsitate handia kontuan harturik, ezagutzen ditugun arrainen %0.2aren genoma besterik ez da sekuentziatu edo sekuentziatze asmotan dago. Artikulu honen helburua, beraz, gaur egun teleosteoen sekuentzia genomikoei/transkriptomikoei buruz DNA-RNA datubaseetan dagoena laburbiltzea da, bai eta informazio honen jakintzak dakartzan onurak indartzea ere.

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