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Journal articles on the topic 'Bilateral obstacle problem'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 22 February 2023

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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Addou, A., A. Lidouh, and B. Seddoug. "A projection algorithm for bilateral obstacle problem." Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 77, no. 2-3 (2008): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2007.08.003.

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Bouchlaghem, Mohammed, El Bekkay Mermri, and Zhor Mellah. "Regularization method and a posteriori error estimates for the bilateral obstacle problem." Gulf Journal of Mathematics 17, no. 2 (2024): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.56947/gjom.v17i2.2162.

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In this paper, we present a relatively complete analysis of the regularization method for of the bilateral obstacle problem with a non-homogeneous condition on the boundary. We provide both the convergence result and a priori estimates. Then by the duality theory from the convex analysis, we determine the dual problem associated with the of the bilateral obstacle problem. Based on this dual problem, we provide a posteriori error estimates for the continuous and the discrete problems. The a posteriori error estimates are desired for the practical implementation of the regularized problem.

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Chen, Qihong, Delin Chu, and Roger C. E. Tan. "Bilateral Obstacle Control Problem of Parabolic Variational Inequalities." SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 46, no. 4 (2007): 1518–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/050638047.

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Bouchlaghem, Mohammed, and El Bekkaye Mermri. "Analysis of a mixed formulation of a bilateral obstacle problem." Applied Mathematics and Computation 320 (March 2018): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2017.09.016.

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Chen, Qihong. "Optimal obstacle control problem for semilinear evolutionary bilateral variational inequalities." Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 307, no. 2 (2005): 677–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2005.01.058.

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Bouchlaghem, Mohammed, and El Bekkaye Mermri. "A Uzawa algorithm with multigrid solver for a bilateral obstacle problem." Applied Mathematics and Computation 389 (January 2021): 125553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2020.125553.

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Barboteu, Mikaël, Krzysztof Bartosz, and Piotr Kalita. "An analytical and numerical approach to a bilateral contact problem with nonmonotone friction." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 23, no. 2 (2013): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amcs-2013-0020.

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We consider a mathematical model which describes the contact between a linearly elastic body and an obstacle, the so-called foundation. The process is static and the contact is bilateral, i.e., there is no loss of contact. The friction is modeled with a nonmotonone law. The purpose of this work is to provide an error estimate for the Galerkin method as well as to present and compare two numerical methods for solving the resulting nonsmooth and nonconvex frictional contact problem. The first approach is based on the nonconvex proximal bundle method, whereas the second one deals with the approximation of a nonconvex problem by a sequence of nonsmooth convex programming problems. Some numerical experiments are realized to compare the two numerical approaches.

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Rauls, Anne-Therese, and Stefan Ulbrich. "On the Characterization of Generalized Derivatives for the Solution Operator of the Bilateral Obstacle Problem." SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 59, no. 5 (2021): 3683–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/20m135916x.

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Bachmar, Aziza. "A Problem with Wear Involving Thermo-Electro-viscoelastic Materials." Journal of Siberian Federal University. Mathematics & Physics 15, no. 2 (2022): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17516/1997-1397-2022-15-2-239-252.

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In this paper, we consider a mathematical model of a contact problem in thermo-electro- viscoelasticity. The body is in contact with an obstacle. The contact is frictional and bilateral with a moving rigid foundation which results in the wear of the contacting surface. We establish a variational formulation for the model and we prove the existence of a unique weak solution to the problem. The proof is based on a classical existence and uniqueness result on parabolic inequalities, differential equations and fixed point arguments. We present a variational formulation of the problem, and we prove the existence and uniqueness of the weak solution

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Lévi, Laurent. "The singular limit of a bilateral obstacle problem for a class of degenerate parabolic–hyperbolic operators." Advances in Applied Mathematics 35, no. 1 (2005): 34–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aam.2004.10.001.

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Amassad, Amina, and Caroline Fabre. "Existence for viscoplastic contact with Coulomb friction problems." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 32, no. 7 (2002): 411–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171202110179.

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We present existence results in the study of nonlinear problem of frictional contact between an elastic-viscoplastic body and a rigid obstacle. We model the frictional contact both by a Tresca's friction law and a regularized Coulomb's law. We assume, in a first part, that the contact is bilateral and that no separation takes place. In a second part, we consider the Signorini unilateral contact conditions. Proofs are based on a time-discretization method, Banach and Schauder fixed point theorems.

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G., Alferov, Efimova P., Shymanchuk D., Kadry S., and N. Meqdad M. "Bilateral control system of the space robot with large delays." TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control) 19, no. 6 (2021): 1962–74. https://doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v19i6.18837.

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The main obstacle of the construction of efficient remote-control systems for space robots is a significant delay in transmissions of control signals to robots from the earth-based control center and receiving feedback signals. This significantly complicates the solution of control problem, especially if robot’s manipulators move objects that have mechanical constraints. Our work describes a method for bilateral control of a space robot with large delays. The uniqueness of this method lies in the special structure of the control algorithm. Bilateral control implies force feedback necessary for the interaction of a space robot with objects that have holonomic connections. We present a new mathematical model of the elements of the bilateral control system and their computer implementation using specific examples.

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Chougui, Nadhir. "Analysis of quasistatic viscoelastic viscoplastic piezoelectric contact problem with friction and adhesion." Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Matematica 67, no. 4 (2022): 871–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbmath.2022.4.15.

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"In this paper we study the process of bilateral contact with adhesion and friction between a piezoelectric body and an insulator obstacle, the socalled foundation. The material's behavior is assumed to be electro-viscoelastic- viscoplastic; the process is quasistatic, the contact is modeled by a general non-local friction law with adhesion. The adhesion process is modeled by a bonding field on the contact surface. We derive a variational formulation for the problem and then, under a smallness assumption on the coe cient of friction, we prove the existence of a unique weak solution to the model. The proofs are based on a general results on elliptic variational inequalities and fixed point arguments."

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Orsina, L., and A. Prignet. "Non-existence of solutions for some nonlinear elliptic equations involving measures." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 130, no. 1 (2000): 167–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308210500000093.

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In this paper, we study the non-existence of solutions for the following (model) problem in a bounded open subset Ω of RN: with Dirichlet boundary conditions, where p > 1, q > 1 and μ is a bounded Radon measure. We prove that if λ is a measure which is concentrated on a set of zero r capacity (p < r ≤ N), and if q > r (p − 1)/(r − p), then there is no solution to the above problem, in the sense that if one approximates the measure λ with a sequence of regular functions fn, and if un is the sequence of solutions of the corresponding problems, then un converges to zero.We also study the non-existence of solutions for the bilateral obstacle problem with datum a measure λ concentrated on a set of zero p capacity, with u in for every υ in K, finding again that the only solution obtained by approximation is u = 0.

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Bachmar, Aziza, and Souraya Boutechebak. "A dynamic problem with wear involving electro-elastic-viscoplastic materials with damage." Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Matematica 67, no. 3 (2022): 653–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbmath.2022.3.16.

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"A dynamic contact problem is considered in the paper. The material behavior is described by electro-elastic-viscoplastic law with piezoelectric effects. The body is in contact with damage and an obstacle. The contact is frictional and bilateral with a moving rigid foundation which results in the wear of the contacting surface. The damage of the material caused by elastic deformations. The evolution of the damage is described by an inclusion of parabolic type. The problem is formulated as a coupled system of an elliptic variational inequality for the displacement, variational equation for the electric potential and a parabolic variational inequality for the damage. We establish a variational formulation for the model and we prove the existence of a unique weak solution to the problem. The proof is based on a classical existence and uniqueness result on parabolic inequalities, differential equations and fixed point arguments."

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Kalashnikov, Nikolay. "Cuba – EU: the difficult way to cooperation." Contemporary Europe, no. 100 (December 31, 2020): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope72020173183.

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The article analyzes the development of relations between Cuba and European countries during past soviet period. The main characteristic of this process was its unevenness. Having lost the markets of the USSR and European socialist countries Cuba objectively was interested in finding new partners both for replacement of the sources of industrial goods delivery and for exporting its own products. European countries seemed to be adequate substitution of Russia (except petroleum deliveries). The article describes how the economic interests of the EU to enter the capacious Cuban market contradicted with principals of democracy and human rights. That was the reason of freezing periodically the progress in the economic links. The problem was partly resolved when the decisions taken for political reasons did not apply to “EU-Cuba” relations. The main obstacle for the bilateral economic cooperation was the EU’ Common Position, approved in 1996 which didn’t permit for both sides to subscribe the agreement of cooperation. The cancellation of the EU’ Common Position, together with developing of bilateral relations of individual countries with Cuba gives the EU possibilities to become a strategic economic partner of the Island. The analysis of the development EU – Cuba partnership helps to understand better how Cuban leaders act on the international scene.

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Lisiakiewicz, Rafał. "Poland’s conception of European security and Russia." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 51, no. 2 (2018): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2018.04.001.

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This article examines the problem of contemporary bilateral relations between Poland and Russia. Its thesis largely attributes the rivalry of these two states in Eastern Europe to conceptions relating to the balancing and bandwagoning of power. This rivalry can be put down to the fact that Polish-Russian relations are being developed within broader global processes such as Russia’s relations with NATO, the USA and European Union. The greatest obstacle to the maintenance of mutually beneficial relations is the sensitive issue of security. In recent years Poland has consistently underlined its willingness to reinforce NATO’s mutual defense mechanisms by supporting the organization’s continued presence in Central-Eastern Europe. This issue has been compounded by Poland’s striving to bring the countries of Eastern Europe (especially Ukraine) into closer affiliation with Western institutions favoring European integration, which is evidently perceived as interference in what is regarded by Moscow to be a sphere of Russian influence. This has provoked a number of serious crises in bilateral relations between Poland and Russia since the Euro-Maidan Revolution in Ukraine. Russian plans to install new (Iskander) missile systems close to the Polish border and Poland’s effective attempts post-2014 to extend NATO presence within its own country testify to the scale of conflicts of interest between the two states and the lack of trust afforded by both sides. The issues highlighted in this paper are of great importance, since they not only enable the complexity of Central European issues to be more fully comprehended but also help to elucidate other global actors’ conceptions relating to cooperation with Europe.

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Bergounioux, Maïtine, and Suzanne Lenhart. "Optimal Control of Bilateral Obstacle Problems." SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 43, no. 1 (2004): 240–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/s0363012902416912.

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Liu, Jinjie, Xinmin Yang, and Shengda Zeng. "Optimal control and approximation for elliptic bilateral obstacle problems." Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 102 (November 2021): 105938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2021.105938.

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Barkovska, Olesia, Oleksandr Holovchenko, Denis Storchai, Anton Kostin, and Nikita Lehezin. "Investigation of computer vision techniques for indoor navigation systems." INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS FOR INDUSTRIES, no. 2(32) (June 30, 2025): 5–15. https://doi.org/10.30837/2522-9818.2025.2.005.

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The subject of this article is the development and implementation of computer vision methods that can be integrated into an indoor navigation system designed for individuals with visual impairments. The goal of the study is to enhance such a system with advanced object recognition capabilities in enclosed environments by combining modern technologies, including artificial intelligence, spatial analysis, voice control, and Bluetooth-based localization. To achieve this, a number of tasks were carried out. These included an analysis of the problem domain and justification of the study’s relevance, a comparison of existing solutions, and the development of a generalized model of the navigation system with a voice interface, enabling real-time search for locations and items. A specialized dataset was prepared, containing images of key obstacle classes typically encountered in indoor environments – such as shopping carts, barrier tape, forklifts, and people. A new two-stage object recognition method was proposed to detect these classes in complex scenes. Additionally, a comparative analysis of deep learning architectures for object detection was conducted, followed by experimental studies to assess training quality and system robustness. The research employed various image preprocessing methods – bilateral filtering, Gaussian blurring, enhancement of specific color channels, motion blur removal, and noise reduction using averaging filters – as well as neural network-based methods for data analysis and statistical evaluation approaches. The results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves object detection performance on real-world images, achieving an average intersection-over-union (IoU) of 68% and a confidence level of 69%, which is 79% and 89% higher, respectively, compared to baseline recognition results on noisy inputs. However, the findings also revealed the necessity of integrating additional sensors, such as LiDAR, to reliably detect low-contrast or reflective obstacles like glass storefronts, which are difficult to identify using computer vision alone. Conclusions. The study confirms that the proposed two-stage preprocessing, and recognition pipeline significantly enhances navigation system performance for users with visual impairments, while also highlighting the importance of combining vision-based methods with complementary sensing technologies to ensure safe and reliable operation in complex indoor environments.

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Chen, Qihong, Delin Chu, and Roger C. E. Tan. "Optimal Control of Obstacle for Quasi-linear Elliptic Variational Bilateral Problems." SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 44, no. 3 (2005): 1067–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/s0363012904443075.

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Mermri, B., and X. Chen. "On characterizations and regularity of the solution of bilateral obstacle problems." Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 152, no. 1-2 (2003): 333–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0427(02)00715-x.

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Tateyama, Shota. "On L-viscosity solutions of parabolic bilateral obstacle problems with unbounded ingredients." Journal of Differential Equations 296 (September 2021): 724–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2021.06.015.

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Koike, Shigeaki, and Shota Tateyama. "On $$L^p$$-viscosity solutions of bilateral obstacle problems with unbounded ingredients." Mathematische Annalen 377, no. 3-4 (2019): 883–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00208-019-01854-z.

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Christof, Constantin, and Gerd Wachsmuth. "Energy Space Newton Differentiability for Solution Maps of Unilateral and Bilateral Obstacle Problems." SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization 63, no. 1 (2025): 292–320. https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1597332.

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Yuan, DaMing, and XiaoLiang Cheng. "An iterative algorithm based on the piecewise linear system for solving bilateral obstacle problems." International Journal of Computer Mathematics 89, no. 17 (2012): 2374–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207160.2012.709624.

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Orsina, Luigi. "Nonlinear Elliptic Equations with L1 Data as Limit of Bilateral Problems." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 07, no. 02 (1997): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202597000104.

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In this paper we prove that entropy solutions for nonlinear elliptic equations with L1 data can be obtained as limit as n tends to infinity of the sequence {un} of solutions of the bilateral problems with obstacles n and -n associated to the same equations.

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Kovalevsky, A. A. "On the convergence of solutions of variational problems with bilateral obstacles in variable domains." Proceedings of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics 296, S1 (2017): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0081543817020146.

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Kashin, Vasiliy. "Cross-border Cooperation between Russia and China: Deep Obstacles to Development." Problemy dalnego vostoka, no. 4 (2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013128120021444-9.

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Cross-border cooperation between Russia and China is not only an important part of bilateral cooperation, but also an incentive for the accelerated development of border territories. The study of its results over the past 30 years let us to track institutional changes in both countries, overall dynamics of their foreign trade and investment activity. The gradual fading of interest in Russian Chinese cross-border cooperation is its current state main feature, that contradicts the growing number of state programs, framework agreements and with serious political support. China is increasingly restrained in assessing the transit benefits and prospects of industrial cooperation at the local level due to the small capacity of the Russian Far East market and their infrastructural underdevelopment. Both countries demonstrate an increased level of mutual distrust, bilateral projects become increasingly inconsistent, their implementation is delayed, its results contradict the expectations placed on them. To understand the reasons for this imbalance, this article consistently analyzes the main dimensions and indicators of Russian Chinese cross-border cooperation, the features of the currently existing regulatory framework and institutional framework, as well as the results of the implementation of several government programs and major bilateral projects. On the example of successful and unsuccessful cases, an attempt is made to identify obstacles to the development of interregional cooperation at different levels, including such deep problems as resistance of local elites and underestimation of the real foreign economic features and capabilities of the regions, and compare them with the problems identified by Chinese experts.

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Yuan, Jingdong. "Sino–Indian Economic Ties since 1988: Progress, Problems, and Prospects for Future Development." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 45, no. 3 (2016): 31–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810261604500302.

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This article takes stock of the evolution of bilateral economic ties between China and India since the early 1990s. It analyses the factors that have contributed to the expansion of this important aspect of their relationship, but also highlights the obstacles, in particular the politico-strategic variables, to further expansion of economic ties, including investments. It argues that while both Beijing and New Delhi recognise the importance of trade and investment in their relationship, future growth in bilateral economic ties depends on how the two countries can successfully deal with issues such as trade imbalance, market access, infrastructure, and regulatory environment. But more importantly, Beijing and New Delhi must seriously address each other's security concerns, including those areas that affect their perceptions of economic security and consequently their policies towards bilateral and regional cooperation.

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Choi, Wooik. "Research of mutual perception of the Republic of Korea and Russia in the period 2016-2021." Vestnik instituta sotziologii 14, no. 2 (2023): 136–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/vis.2023.14.2.9.

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The study of the mutual perception of Korea and Russia can be considered an important form of cultural exchange for understanding the perception of the people and culture of another country. In addition, this project explores obstacles to the development of bilateral relations and possible points of contact for cooperation, that helps to determine the direction for strengthening the strategic partnership. This article is based on the results of the 2021 study, with particular attention to the differences in perceptions of the peoples of both countries and its changes since 2016. Koreans still associate Russia with images of the past - the Soviet Union, a communist country, and communism. Russians associate South Korea with modern concepts such as the development of industry and technology and Korean culture. Both peoples express a desire to visit another country, while the interest in culture is slightly higher among Russians. There are no significant changes in the perception of Koreans in bilateral relations. The proportion of Korean respondents expressing a positive attitude towards political cooperation has slightly decreased, positive sentiments can also be observed in relation to cooperation in the economic sphere. There are also no significant changes in Russians' perception of relations between the two countries. The proportion of those who positively assess the prospects for current bilateral relations has slightly decreased, just like the Koreans, the Russians have a positive attitude towards economic cooperation. As the analysis of the survey results showed, cooperation between South Korea and the United States as allies and confrontation between Russia and the United States is the main obstacle to the development of relations between Russia and Korea. Foreign policy problems remain a decisive factor in the development of cooperation. Thus, in public opinion, a practical and effective way to develop bilateral relations can be an exchange in the field of economy, medicine, tourism and culture at the level of the private sector and local authorities, rather than political and diplomatic cooperation at the state level.

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Khoirunnisa, Ani, and Mayasari Basri. "UPAYA PEMERINTAH INDONESIA DALAM MENGATASI MASALAH HUMAN TRAFFICKING PADA TAHUN 2006-2018 TERHADAP PEKERJA MIGRAN INDONESIA DI MALAYSIA." JURNAL POLINTER : KAJIAN POLITIK DAN HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL 6, no. 1 (2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52447/polinter.v6i1.4140.

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This research takes the theme of the efforts made by the Government of Indonesia in overcoming the problem of Human Trafficking in 2006-2018 against Indonesian Migrant Workers in Malaysia through multi track diplomacy. These efforts were carried out both on the basis of initiatives from the Government of Indonesia itself and the wishes of both parties manifested in the form of bilateral cooperation. However, in the process of its realization, several obstacles were encountered that impeded the efforts made, the obstacles encountered were both from within Indonesia and also inseparable from its collaborative partner, namely Malaysia. In this paper the writer question about how the efforts made by the Government of Indonesia in overcoming the problem of Human Trafficking in 2006-2018 against Migrant Workers who are in Malaysia. In answering the research questions the writer used the theory of Human Security, Human Trafficking, Bilateral Cooperation and also Multi Track Diplomacy. In the process of proving and also analyzing the writer used qualitative research methods and explanatory data presentation. For the hypothesis proposed by the writer is that the Government has made several efforts through Multi Track Diplomacy using track one namely G to G in this case carried out by the Government of Indonesia with the Government of Malaysia, then by using the method of Track Two, in this case carried out by BNP2TKI, then Track Five by conducting socialization and education in schools. However, the independent efforts undertaken by Indonesia and also bilateral cooperation carried out with Malaysia have not yet gotten maximum results, this is because of the obstacles faced. In general, constraints originating from within the country come from the weakness of the law enforcement process that applies in Indonesia concerning human trafficking. Then the obstacles that come from Malaysia are generally because it is difficult to reach an agreement in an effort to protect Migrant Workers who come from Indonesia, this is because of differences in the interests of the two countries in looking at the Migrant Workers issue

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Fiala-Butora, János. "Hungarians in Slovakia and the Evolution of Hungarian–Slovakian Bilateral Relations—Improvement or Stalemate?" European Yearbook of Minority Issues Online 12, no. 1 (2015): 158–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004306134_007.

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This article analyses developments in Hungarian–Slovakian bilateral relations since the new Slovak government took office in 2012 and the countries’ governments developed friendly relations. Analysis shows it is too early to discuss a turning point in bilateral relations. Underlying problems can erupt into conflict. An overview of serious issues shows they are almost exclusively related to minority rights. Improvement cannot be expected without eliminating the sources of minorities’ dissatisfaction. Analysis of meetings, especially of the Slovakian–Hungarian Joint Commission for the Issues of Minorities, shows that despite the parties’ intentions to improve their relationship they were unable to solve issues requiring policy change. To some extent, the approach to preventing conflicts is part of the obstacle to harmonious Slovakian–Hungarian relations. Not all conflicts are the same: those that result in solving contentious issues are necessary to achieve long-term stability. The bilateral approach’s usefulness should be evaluated considering this differentiation.

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Yakovleva, K. D., E. A. Kantemirova, and D. V. Dmitrenko. "Problems of diagnosing focal cortical dysplasia." Epilepsy and paroxysmal conditions 13, no. 1 (2021): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.047.

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Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is one of the most common causes in developing pharmacoresistant epilepsy. We present the clinical case of the patient with generalized seizures. Routine electroencephalography (EEG) data registered diffuse epileptiform activity that allowed to diagnose genetic eneralized epilepsy and pharmacoresistant course of seizures.After performing magnetic resonance imaging using the epileptological program and video-EEG-monitoring, the diagnosis was revised: structural focal epilepsy with seizures with focal onset with oroalimentary, gesture automatisms in the right hand, bilateral tonic-clonic, uncompensated by levetiracetam monotherapy (1500 mg/day). Background disease: congenital malformation of the brain: FCD in the basal parts of the left temporal lobe. Lacosamide was added to the therapy in the drug dose 300 mg/day, and the frequency of epileptic seizures decreased. Differential diagnosis between genetic generalized epilepsy and structural epilepsy with FCD usually poses no obstacles. However, in some cases, structural epilepsy occurs under the “mask” of generalized epilepsy. Hence, this clinical case demonstrates the importance of diagnostic measures in the differential diagnostics of various forms of epilepsy to determine further tactics of patient management.

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Kacmaz, K. S., B. Unver, and V. Karatosun. "AB1000 Reliability and Validity of the Cone Evasion Walk Test in Patients With Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Pilot Study." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 1624.2–1624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.5197.

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BackgroundTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the gold-standard procedure for end-stage knee osteoarthritis, however, some residuel problems may still continue and cause a variety of dysfunctions, such as impaired strength, proprioception, gait, balance, postural instability, and, impaired ability to avoid obstacles while walking. Tripping over an obstacle is the most frequent cause of falls 1 and falls can limit daily activities and induce post-fall syndromes, such as dependence, loss of autonomy, immobilization, and depression 2. The Cone Evasion Walk test (CEW) to assess fall risk by the ability to evade obstacles, (ICF-code d455), which requires attentional, perceptual, and several neuromusculoskeletal and movement related functions 3. However, there is no study investigating the reliability and validity of the CEW in TKA patients.ObjectivesThe aim of the study is to investigate the reliability and validity of the CEW in patients with TKA.MethodsTwenty patients with TKA included in the study. The CEW, the Timed Up And Go Test (TUG) and the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) Knee Score administered to the patients. Patients rested between the tests for an hour.ResultsMean age was 68.1 ± 2.59 years and the mean HSS Knee Score was 85.43± 3.47. The relative (ICC coefficient) and absolute (SEM and SRD95) reliability values were 0.98, 1.01, and 2.75 respectively. The Spearman correlation coefficient of the CEW with the TUG was 0.72.ConclusionBased on the current findings, the CEW has excellent reliability, high validity and responsiveness in evaluating dynamic balance and obstacle avoidance in patients with TKA. The minimal clinically important difference of CEW in TKA patients is 2.75 and it may be concluded that the fact that this value is low, indicates the sensitivity of the test. Therefore, the CEW can identify even small alterations in the functional status, can be reliably used for post-operative surveillance of TKA to observe patient results, and the usage of the CEW for assessing the fall risk and mobility in the community may be a better predictor of the patients’ current condition.References[1]Mauer AC, Draganich LF, Pandya N, Hofer J, Piotrowski GA. Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty Increases the Propensity to Trip on an Obstacle. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 2005;NA;(433):160-165. doi:10.1097/01.blo.0000150569.93262.64[2]Park SH. Tools for assessing fall risk in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2018;30(1):1-16. doi:10.1007/s40520-017-0749-0[3]Sjöholm H, Hägg S, Nyberg L, Rolander B, Kammerlind AS. The Cone Evasion Walk test: Reliability and validity in acute stroke. Physiotherapy Research International. 2019;24(1):e1744. doi:10.1002/pri.1744Disclosure of InterestsNone declared

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Uryupina, Alisa Eduardovna. "Problems of Implementing the EU's Inter-regional Policy in the Asian Direction." Мировая политика, no. 4 (April 2022): 16–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8671.2022.4.38967.

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Interregionalism occupies an important place in the foreign policy of the European Union, because through it the EU seeks to expand its presence in various regions of the world and export its norms, views and values. The promising, rapidly developing Asian region is no exception. This article is devoted to the study of the process of building an inter–regional policy by the European Union in the Asian direction, namely with the largest regional association in the region - the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The purpose of this study is to identify the main factors hindering the building of effective cooperation between the regions, as well as the creation of a free trade zone (FTA). The main conclusion of this study is that there are a number of obstacles to the creation of the EU-ASEAN intercontinental free trade area, which significantly affect the relations between regional groupings. Firstly, it is the practice of concluding bilateral agreements, used as a springboard for the future FTA. Bilateral agreements have already been successfully signed with individual countries, namely Singapore and Vietnam, but contradictions of both an economic and political nature arise with other ASEAN member countries. Secondly, the existing competition with China and the United States for influence in the region hinders the EU's attempts to pursue its inter-regional policy.

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Sihotang, Angreina Larose, Siti Mahmudah, Aisyah Ayu Musyafa, and Mira Novana Ardani. "Analisis Yuridis Komparasi Penyelesaian Kepailitan Transnasional di Singapura dan Malaysia dengan Penyelesaian di Indonesia." Law, Development and Justice Review 6, no. 3 (2023): 276–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ldjr.6.2023.276-291.

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Transnational bankruptcy resolution is still a legal problem in ASEAN. This problem arises because there is no harmonization of legal regulations regarding transnational bankruptcy in ASEAN. Several countries in ASEAN are taking other ways to overcome this problem. This is done by entering into bilateral agreements or by adopting the UNCITRAL Model Law. Indonesia still does not strictly regulate transnational bankruptcy. Looking at the problems above, in this journal a comparison will be made regarding the resolution of transnational bankruptcy in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia as well as the application of international law in Indonesia in resolving transnational bankruptcy. This research was prepared with the aim of knowing and analyzing the legal regulations regarding transnational bankruptcy in ASEAN as well as identifying and analyzing the roots of obstacles to transnational bankruptcy in Indonesia. normative and comparative juridical approach methods, namely research that is focused on reviewing and comparing library materials or secondary data such as statutory regulations, international regulations, legal works using analytical descriptive research specifications and studied using qualitative data analysis methods. Based on the results of research and discussions carried out by analyzing decision Number 138/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2016/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst, it was found that Indonesia has not regulated the mechanism for resolving transnational bankruptcy, so it is necessary to apply international law in resolving it by resorting to petition efforts. recognition and implementation of the bankruptcy decision in the country concerned.

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Strel’tsov, D. "Japan: New Security Paradigm in Light of Aggravation of Territorial Dispute with China." World Economy and International Relations, no. 1 (2014): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2014-1-53-62.

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The article is devoted to the current situation in the Sino-Japanese dispute over Senkaku/Diaoyutai Islands, as well as to its implications for the policy of Tokyo in the national security field. The paper analyzes historical and legal arguments of the parties and shows that one of the main obstacles in resolving the conflict lies in the sphere of national prestige. Possible responses to the challenges Japan faces in connection with the aggravation of the Senkaku problem are observed in three areas: strengthening the security treaty with the United States, the resolution of the conflict within the bilateral framework with China and the diversification of Japan’s own security policy.

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KG Sagara Dhananjaya Perera and Xiaojuan Yang. "Analysis of bilateral trade between Sri Lanka and China." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 14, no. 3 (2025): 1156–66. https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2025.14.3.0721.

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Focusing on Sri Lanka's opportunities and challenges, this study examines the expanding commercial ties between Sri Lanka and China. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were used for the analysis that follows. Critical discourse analysis and description statistical approaches were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. Texts, tables, and illustrations were used for conveying the facts. According to the study, Sri Lanka has benefited greatly from its deep economic ties with China. As a hub of China's Maritime Silk Road, Sri Lanka has also prospered strategically through the 'Pearl of Pearls' strategy. China has emerged as a Sri Lankan export market, a source of foreign investment, a country of origin for goods at reasonable prices, and a country that provides livelihood for the tourism sector. When Sri Lanka faced overwhelming needs, China stepped in with exceptional military and diplomatic support. Opportunities and obstacles are beautifully balanced in their business relationship. China's growing influence in Sri Lanka has proven problematic, leading Sri Lanka to forge strategic alliances with an aggressive India. Burning problems in the economy include trade imbalances, high debt loads, and the pointless search for Chinese capital.

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Fatic, Aleksandar. "NATO enlargement and relations between Serbia and Montenegro and Bulgaria and Romania." Medjunarodni problemi 55, no. 2 (2003): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp0302223f.

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The discussion of bilateral relations in modern international relations is usually in the shadow of the new character of global international politics, which is mediated through the large international relations. Bilateral diplomacy is slowly giving way to multilateral diplomacy in the solving of most international issues, including those that have been traditionally perceived as belonging exclusively to the domain of state sovereignty. However, bilateral relations remain crucial in situations where integration processes into large international bodies encounter obstacles and problems. The current development of bilateral diplomacy between Serbia and Montenegro on the one, and Bulgaria and Romania, on the other hand, serves predominantly the purposes of regional harmonisation that will eventually lead to NATO and EU accession, and this process also serves to iron out not so infrequent problems and dissonances in the recent history of bilateral relations, especially between Bulgaria and the former FRY, and particularly during the NATO bombing of FRY in the Spring of 1999. Today, however, all three countries have proclaimed the EU and NATO accession projects as the top priorities of their foreign policies. In the course of pursuit of their accession policies, Bulgaria and Romania have realised that the so-called ?beauty contest? approach, namely the countries' insistence on their own qualifications for membership in the EU and NATO, as opposed to the qualifications of the other countries of the region, is largely futile, and they have opted instead for a regional cooperation approach. The latter approach is consistent with the founding principle of regionalism in the internal organisation of the European Union, and this principle includes, among others, the sub-principle of subsidiarity, whereby all decisions are made on the lowest hierarchical level possible, preferably on the level of European regions. This approach implies that countries that are candidates for membership in the EU must first demonstrate the ability to cooperate and integrate regionally, and this is why Romania and Bulgaria, as well as Serbia and Montenegro, have now refocused their efforts on mutual bilateral relations within the context of NATO (and EU) accession.

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Azis, Aswin Ariyanto, and Alifia Nur Azarine. "Gender Mainstreaming in Indonesia’s Bilateral International Development Cooperation." European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 6 (2023): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejsocial.2023.3.6.516.

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Gender mainstreaming is an important subject to be mindful of in the Indonesian government’s development cooperation with bilateral development partners. Gender conflict is one of the obstacles that countries face when executing national and international development programs. Indonesia is one of the countries that uses a gender mainstreaming technique to incorporate gender problems into development initiatives. The establishment of a gender mainstreaming strategy (PUG) is vital in developing policies, particularly in carrying out bilateral development cooperation. This is significant for Indonesia as an endeavor to decrease inequality in the country, but Indonesia’s weak PUG is one of the country’s impediments to fulfilling national interests. One of the strategies undertaken by Indonesia to integrate gender mainstreaming into international development is through the Triangular South-South Cooperation Forum in order to form a strategic partnership with Afghanistan and Germany. Afghanistan is seen as a potential bilateral partner with aligned interests in promoting women’s empowerment and gender equality. Given that it is not only Indonesia that has national interests, the second-party countries must also have interests and conditions that are not always mutually agreed upon and might be detrimental to Indonesia. Therefore, the dynamics of bilateral cooperation between Indonesia and Afghanistan are interesting to identify, considering that GIZ, as the German representative, is present as a mediator bridging the partnership. Thus, this study aims to explain the strategy for gender mainstreaming in Indonesia’s international development cooperation with bilateral partners, which is also equipped with an analysis of the constraints that affect the outcome of the cooperation.

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Hermanrud, Kristine, and Indra de Soysa. "Lazy thinking, lazy giving? Examining the effects of Norwegian aid on forests in developing countries." International Area Studies Review 20, no. 1 (2016): 19–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2233865916682430.

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The Norwegian government enthusiastically supports the protection of forests, which are important CO2 sinks. Given all the difficulty surrounding the reduction of greenhouse gases, funding the protection of forests is a sound proposition. Up to the present time, how well has Norwegian aid to forests and Norwegian bilateral aid affected the health of forests? Using World Bank data on forest degradation and change in forest area for roughly 130 developing countries from 1999 to 2013, we find that higher levels of Norwegian forest aid among recipient countries has generally had no effect on reducing degradation, while total Norwegian bilateral aid is associated with increased degradation, results that might very well be causal because they are robust to estimations using instrumental variable techniques. Two-step selection models show that forest aid also increases forest degradation, result that are quite unflattering of Norwegian aid. These results are robust to several alternative specifications of our models and to alternative estimation techniques including country fixed effects. Two clear lessons emerge from our findings; firstly, that Norwegian aid does not seem to be coordinated for addressing the problem of forest degradation; and secondly, aid as a means to solve the climate problem likely faces steep obstacles if even a non-strategic, aid-giving country, such as Norway, is capable of more harm than good.

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Saraswati, Pipit, Rahtami Susanti, and Bayu Setiawan. "Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers (Pekerja Migran Indonesia, PMI) in Problems Abroad." UMPurwokerto Law Review 2, no. 2 (2021): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/umplr.v2i2.8677.

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The lack of job opportunities in the country has pushed thousands of Indonesian citizens to seek work abroad. The Indonesian Migrant Workers Protection Agency (Badan Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia, BP2MI) released the placement of Indonesian Migrant Workers (Pekerja Migran Indonesia, PMI) in 2018 (April) period as many as 23,431 people and 2019 as many as 25,489 people. Meanwhile, the Central Statistics Agency (Badan Pusat Statistik, BPS) stated that 520 Indonesian Migrant Workers had problems in 2018 (April) period and 846 people in 2019. This study aims to determine the protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers who have problems abroad and the government's obstacles in protecting Indonesian Migrant Workers who have problems abroad. This study uses a normative juridical approach. That is the approach taken to legal materials, both primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials by examining theories, concepts, legal principles, and laws and regulations related to this research. The results of this study are first, protection for Indonesian Migrant Workers who have problems abroad, namely technical protection in the form of providing shelter, juridical protection in the form of legal assistance to PMI who are in a legal process, and political protection in the form of bilateral agreements. between Indonesia and recipient countries regarding the placement and protection of PMIs. Second, the obstacles faced by the government in protecting PMIs are the lack of legal awareness of PMI candidates, the weakness of the supervisory system, the difficulty of registering PMIs in the destination country, and the difficulty of providing lawyers to assist PMIs who conflict with the law. To reduce problematic PMI cases abroad, local governments must realize the existence of a Migrant Workers Care Village (Desa Peduli Migrant Workers, DESBUMI) in every village.Keywords: Protection, Migrant Workers, Problems

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HUTH, PAUL K., SARAH E. CROCO, and BENJAMIN J. APPEL. "Does International Law Promote the Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes? Evidence from the Study of Territorial Conflicts since 1945." American Political Science Review 105, no. 2 (2011): 415–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055411000062.

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In this article, we explain the role of international law in the resolution of territorial disputes from 1945 to 2000. In doing so, we focus on three outcomes of interest. First, when do states choose to revise the territorial status quo through negotiations instead of force? Second, when are states able to reach a final settlement? Third, when do states prefer a process of legal dispute resolution (i.e., adjudication or arbitration) to bilateral negotiations? To answer these questions, we argue that when the legal principles relevant to the dispute are unambiguous and clearly favor one side, a law-based focal point will emerge. This focal point, in turn, facilitates the settlement process by helping leaders overcome distribution problems, a central obstacle in reaching a final agreement. We find strong and consistent empirical support for our hypotheses regarding international law and peaceful dispute resolution.

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Kim, Joy A., and Barbara Fliess. "Non–tariff Barriers Facing Trade in Selected Environmental Goods and Associated Services." Journal of World Trade 42, Issue 3 (2008): 535–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2008023.

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Surveying 136 exporting firms from ten Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and non–OECD countries, this article documents the incidence, and impact of, non–tariff measures that are perceived to act as barriers to trade in seven sectors of environmental goods and associated services. Although the DDA has a mandate to address, inter alia, such trade barriers, information shedding light on the specific problems that firms encounter in their export activities has been scarce. Accounts by exporting firms in Austria, Brazil, Canada, Chile, France, Germany, India, Japan, Korea and the United States suggest that environmental goods indeed face a variety of obstacles when traded abroad. Firms participating in the survey mentioned relatively often problems associated with product testing and certification requirements, customs procedures, regulations on payment, problems with intellectual property protection, government procurement procedures and technical regulations and standards. Certain types of reported barriers appear to be more prevalent in certain markets. For example, customs procedures reportedly pose a problem predominantly in developing and transition economies and problems with intellectual property rights are associated especially with China. The non–tariff barriers reported by the firms appear to be generic and not specific to the environmental sector. The article shows that in many countries the environmental industry consists mostly of SMEs, for whom cost–raising barriers pose disproportionately greater problems due to their limited resources. The survey helps to better understand the effects that NTBs have at the firm level, and what firms do when they encounter barriers of various types. It appears that the firms participating in this study mostly seek to devise ways of coping with the difficulties that they encounter, rather than seeking help from governments. Since these measures are ad hoc and do not address problems at their source, they cannot substitute for governments taking action. The study points out that many of the concerns voiced by firms in the environment sector can be addressed at the WTO but that more can be done also at the bilateral and regional levels.

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Abbass, Zaffar, and Sher Bano. "Deficit of Trust in Pakistan-Afghanistan Bilateral Relations: An Evaluation from a Security and Economic Perspective from 2001 to 2021." Open Access Organization and Management Review 2, no. 2 (2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.59644/oagmr.2(2).61.

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At the crossroads of Central and Southern Asia lie two Muslim neighbors i.e., Pakistan and Afghanistan. Similarities in religion, culture, ethnicity, race, and history were predicted to cement the harmonious bilateral connection between the two countries. There have been a lot of obstacles to the development of positive relations between the two republics ever since they were established. Afghanistan's alone neighbor and a key commercial partner, Pakistan and the two countries have a difficult history despite Afghanistan's reliance on Pakistan's seaports and international trade. Tense relations began with the conflicts over the Durand line and Pakhtunistan stunt supported by Afghan government and were exacerbated by subsequent events like the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 and the American involvement in the country after September 11, 2001. A large number of refugees fled to Pakistan as a result of these invasions, shaking up the country's politics and economy. India's involvement in Afghan politics has had a major effect on Pakistan's interests in the country and the surrounding region, especially after September 11th, when the United States attempted to offset Chinese influence in the area. India's engagement in Afghanistan and Pakistan's support in the US invasion of Afghanistan are at the root of the current state of bilateral ties. Normalizing bilateral relations between Afghanistan and Pakistan may require the involvement of a third party or agreement on confidence-building measures to enhance the welfare of persons living on the other side of the Durand line and encourage amicable interactions between the two countries. Using a qualitative approach, this article investigates the causes and consequences of the current mistrust in bilateral ties, with a particular emphasis on economic and security problems in the wake of 9/11.

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Cheong, Inkyo. "Regionalism and Free Trade Agreements in East Asia." Asian Economic Papers 2, no. 2 (2003): 145–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/153535103772624853.

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This paper gives an overview of the progress of regionalism in East Asia and examines the background of the recent embrace of trade agreements by China, Japan, and South Korea. It discusses the progress toward free trade agreements (FTAs) within East Asia and offers reasons for their slow development. The impacts of eight hypothetical East Asian FTAs are estimated using a computable generalized equilibrium model. The model predicts that countries will benefit from both bilateral FTAs and regional FTAs (such as a Northeast Asian FTA and an East Asian FTA); however, greater economic benefits would be gained under regional FTAs than under bilateral FTAs. Although the simulation used in the study estimates that a Northeast Asian FTA and an East Asian FTA would bring a similar level of economic benefits, results indicate that greater benefits would accrue under an East Asian FTA. Discussions of a Japan–ASEAN FTA are under way, after talks of an FTA between ASEAN and China blossomed in late 2000. China and Japan are competitively promoting bilateral FTAs with ASEAN. As discussions of an FTA with ASEAN heat up in China and Japan, South Korea has also begun reviewing the economic feasibility of an FTA with ASEAN. If China, Japan, and South Korea competitively pursue bilateral FTAs with ASEAN, this may result in several important problems, including spaghetti bowl effects, a hub-and-spoke dilemma, or struggles for regional leadership. This paper tries to show that an East Asian FTA covering the whole region is economically desirable and stresses that East Asian countries should introduce a regionwide FTA, rather than multiple bilateral or subregional FTAs. An East Asian FTA can be realized only in the long term because of economic, political, and social obstacles. East Asia, which already lags behind other regions in terms of regionalism, should not passively wait for the establishment of an East Asian FTA, which is likely to take some time to be established.

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Hossain, Shahadat. "Understanding the Challenges: Prospects and Realities of Regional Integration in South Asia." Journal of Governance, Security & Development 5, no. 1 (2024): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52823/oely2526.

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From a regional integration perspective, South Asia is a complicated region. Because of its closeness in terms of geography, history, and society, it can integrate, yet it still confronts many obstacles. The first regional endeavor in South Asia was the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, or SAARC. However, SAARC has not significantly achieved regional integration, in contrast to the successful regional projects of the European Union (EU) in Europe and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in Southeast Asia. In addition to political factors and the ongoing conflict between India and Pakistan, there are a number of additional problems that have impeded South Asia's regional integration and contributed to this lack of success. This article offers a thorough examination of these problems, concentrating mostly on the ways in which bilateral disputes between South Asian countries impact regional integration. A comparative analysis is also included, looking at why regional integration has worked well in Southeast Asia and Europe but not in South Asia. This article concludes by giving a realistic perspective of the regional scene and discussing the potential, problems, and complexities of regional integration in South Asia.

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Djukanovic, Dragan. "The Western Balkans: The fate of an European periphery." Medjunarodni problemi 67, no. 4 (2015): 349–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1504349d.

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The paper analyzes what is the current position of the Western Balkans in the context of contemporary European trends and events. The author considers the European and Euro-Atlantic integration a certain attempt to ?relocate? the whole region of the Western Balkans from an obvious periphery to a semi-periphery position. The focus of analysis is on numerous problems such as continued revitalization of the local ethno-nationalisms, structural economic crisis, the presence of high levels of organized crime and corruption. The author points out that, so far, numerous attempts of the most influential members of the international community primarily the United States and the European Union have failed to promote the improvement of the relations between new-formed countries and to establish a sort of regional identity. The author argues that the creation of the antagonistic identities of the states and nations of the Western Balkans during the breakup of the former Yugoslav federation was the main obstacle to the creation of the common identity. The author concludes that, in view of the new growing trends of ethnic nationalisms and certain forms of extremism and radicalism, the ?relocation? of the Western Balkans from European periphery to the semi-periphery will not be short-term or easy, as evidenced by numerous internal problems and problems in bilateral relations.

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Osipov, Evgenii Anatol'evich. "Development of trade relations between Russia and India under international sanctions on the basis of the North-South transport corridor." Теоретическая и прикладная экономика, no. 3 (March 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8647.2023.3.43822.

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The object of the study is trade relations between Russia and India in the context of modern economic and political conditions, including the impact of the international North-South transport corridor and international sanctions. The subject of the study is a detailed analysis of the dynamics, problems and prospects of these relations, with an emphasis on recent changes in the global political situation and their impact on bilateral trade. The author examines in detail various aspects of trade relations, such as imbalance, diversification and strategic cooperation. Particular attention is paid to the role of the North-South ITC in strengthening economic ties. The study also addresses the issues of parallel imports and the possibility of expanding cooperation in the field of high technologies. The novelty of the study lies in a comprehensive analysis of the existing conditions and prospects for the development of trade between the two countries. This analysis includes exploring opportunities for further strengthening and expanding cooperation, as well as providing valuable insights and strategic recommendations. In conclusion, the study highlights that despite existing obstacles such as infrastructure restrictions and sanctions, there is significant potential for strengthening trade relations between Russia and India, which can contribute to sustainable economic growth and cooperation between the two countries, opening up new horizons for bilateral trade and investment.

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