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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biliaire, sel

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Academic literature on the topic 'Biliaire, sel'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Biliaire, sel"

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Lindheimer, M., J. C. Montet, J. Molenat, A. M. Montet, and B. Brun. "Solubilité micellaire et diffusion de l’acide oléique dans des mélanges sel biliaire-phospholipide." Journal de Chimie Physique 84 (1987): 947–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jcp/1987840947.

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Guerra Herbas, Daniel, Daniel Jaldin Alvarez, and Anahi Canedo Bermudez. "Manejo endoscópico de la estenosis biliar postoperatoria a propósito de un caso." Gaceta Medica Boliviana 41, no. 1 (October 22, 2020): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47993/gmb.v41i1.154.

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Las estenosis biliares postoperatorias principalmente las post colecistectomía representan la causa más frecuente de estenosis biliares benignas. Presentamos el caso de una paciente del sexo femenino que acude por presentar ictericia, coluria, alzas térmicas y dolor abdominal con el único antecedente de una colecistectomía laparoscópica. Los exámenes de laboratorio presentan un patrón obstructivo colestásico se procede a realizar colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (ERCP), observando estenosis de la vía biliar en relación a los clips metálicos. Se realizó dilataciones mecánicas e hidrostáticas de vía biliar además de la colocación, secuencial de dos prótesis biliares de plástico. A los 6 meses se retira las prótesis biliares no evidenciando estenosis en la colangiografía de control. El manejo de las estenosis benignas representa un reto ya sea para el endoscopista, como para el cirujano, la colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica juega un papel muy importante diagnóstico y terapéutico principalmente con la colocación de prótesis biliares.

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Huang, Ping, Hao Zhang, Xiao-Feng Zhang, Wen Lv, and Zhen Fan. "Application and Value of Endoscopic Ultrasonography Guided Biliary Interventional Therapy in Patients With Biliary Obstruction and Surgically Altered Anatomy." Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques 30, no. 5 (June 1, 2020): 454–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sle.0000000000000813.

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Katsinelos, Panagiotis, Jannis Kountouras, George Paroutoglou, Grigoris Chatzimavroudis, Dimitris Paikos, Christos Zavos, Konstantinos Karakousis, George Gelas, and Dimitris Tzilves. "Migration of Plastic Biliary Stents and Endoscopic Retrieval." Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques 19, no. 3 (June 2009): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sle.0b013e3181a031f5.

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Aswad, Mayar G., Ashley R. Dennison, Christopher P. Neal, Matthew S. Metcalfe, and Giuseppe Garcea. "Biliary Stenting for Benign and Malignant Obstructive Jaundice." Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques 24, no. 4 (August 2014): 385–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sle.0b013e3182a50e59.

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Zang, Jinfeng, Chi Zhang, and Junye Gao. "Guidewire-assisted Transpancreatic Sphincterotomy for Difficult Biliary Cannulation." Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques 24, no. 5 (October 2014): 429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sle.0000000000000062.

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Audouy, Cyril, Jérémie Thereaux, Gaby Kansou, Geoffroy Leroux, Bogdan Badic, and Jean P. Bail. "Primary Closure Versus Biliary Drainage After Laparoscopic Choledocotomy." Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques 26, no. 1 (February 2016): e32-e36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sle.0000000000000242.

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Lyons, Hernando, Karen H. Hagglund, and Yamen Smadi. "Outcomes After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Children With Biliary Dyskinesia." Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques 21, no. 3 (June 2011): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sle.0b013e31821db7b2.

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Kim, Bum-Soo, Sun-Hyung Joo, Sung-Jig Lim, and Kwang-Ro Joo. "Intrahepatic Biliary Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm With Gallbladder Agenesis." Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques 23, no. 2 (April 2013): e61-e64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sle.0b013e31824a7e6c.

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Polydorou, Andreas, Konstantinos Karapanos, Antonios Vezakis, Aikaterini Melemeni, Vasilios Koutoulidis, Georgios Polymeneas, and Georgios Fragulidis. "A Multimodal Approach to Acute Biliary Pancreatitis During Pregnancy." Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques 22, no. 5 (October 2012): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sle.0b013e31825e38bb.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biliaire, sel"

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Olivier, Jean-François. "Influence du pH dans la capacité d'adsorption des sels biliaires et des lysolécithines "in vitro" par les antiacides contenant de l'argile et/ou de l'aluminium." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P110.

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Aignasse, Marie-France. "Etude des mécanismes d'absorption digestive de la ciclosporine "in vitro" et "in vivo"." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P070.

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Fontbonne, Hervé. "Etude de la lipase sel biliaire dépendante du lait humain : spécificité de substrat et activation par le taurocholate de sodium et par les phospholipides et PAF." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX30044.

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La lipase sels biliaires dépendante (BSDL) est une enzyme à large spécificité de substrats (phospholipides, lysophospholipides mono-, di- et triglycérides, esters de cholestérol et de vitamines A, Ds, et E. . . ). Elle est sécrétée principalement par les cellules acineuses du pancréas et par les glandes mammaires, mais elle est retrouvée aussi dans des tissus tel que le foie les tissus stéroïdogéniques, le plasma, les monocytes-macrophages, les cellules endothéliales et éosinophiles. Dans ce travail, nous avons purifié à l'homogénéité la BSDL à partir du lait humain et caractérisé son comportement cinétique en l'absence ou en présence de différentes concentration du taurocholate de sodium (NaTC) avec comme substrats des esters de para-nitrophénol dont l'acide gras estérifiant varie de 2 à 16 carbones. L'étude a montré que l'activité moléculaire de la BSDL est maximale avec le substrat contenant 8 atomes de carbone dans la chaîne acylée avec un kcat d'environ 3500 s-1, ce qui est du même ordre de grandeur que les activités moléculaires de la lipase et de l'a-amylase pancréatiques. Le sel biliaire active l'enzyme suivant deux phases successives de saturation. La constante de Michaelis est minimale (4 à 30 [micro]M) avec les substrats de taille moyenne (10 et 12 carbones dans la chaîne acylée), tandis qu'elle est de l'ordre du mM avec les substrats courts. L'efficacité catalytique (kcat/km) est maximale (jusqu'à 140. 10° M-1. S-1) avec les substrats de taille moyenne (8 à 12 carbones) en présence de NaTC, mais en son absence, le maximum d'efficacité catalytique n'est observé qu'avec le substrat à 8 carbones. D'un autre côté, l'étude a montré que les acides phosphatidique et lysophosphatidique, ainsi que PAF sont de puissants activateurs de cette enzyme à des concentrations proches des concentrations physiologiques de ces composés. Les phospholipides neutres phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine et phosphatidyléthanolamine n'ont que peu d'influence sur l'activité de cette enzyme
The bile salt dependent lipase (BSDL) is an enzyme with large specificity of substrate (lysophospholipids, phospholipids, mono-, di- and triglycerides, esters of cholesterol and vitamins A D3 and E. . . ). It is secreted principally by the acinar cells of the pancreas and mammary glands, but it is found also in the liver, the steroidogenic tissue, the plasma, the monocyte-macrophage and the endothelial and eosinophil cells. In this work, we have purified the BSDL from human milk and characterized its kinetic behavior with different concentrations of sodium taurocholate (NaTC) using as substrates the esters of para-nitrophenol whose esterifying fatty acid vary of 2 to 16 carbons length. This study has shown that turn over for BSDL is maximal with substrate containing 8 carbons on acyi chain, with a kcu approximately 3500 s-1, value in range of catalytic constants of lipase and a-amylase pancreatic. The bile salt activated enzyme, follows 2 successive saturation phases. The Michaelis constant is minimal (4 to 30 [micro]M) with medium size substrates (8 to 12 carbons) whereas it is in millimolar range. The maximal catalytic efficiency is maximal (140. 10[6]M-1. S-1) with medium tall substrate, with NaTC, but in its absence, the maximal catalytic efficiency is observed with substrate with acyi length of 8 carbons. Furthermore, the study has shown that phosphatidic and lysophosphatidic acids as well as PAF are strong activators of the enzyme at concentrations close to physiological concentration of these compounds. The neutral phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine have no impact on the enzyme activity

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Legrand-Defretin, Véronique. "Dynamique du recyclage enterohepatique des acides biliaires totaux et individuels chez le porc." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077101.

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Pean, Noémie. "Récepteur TGR5 des acides biliaires : impact sur la régénération du foie et l'homéostasie biliaire." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077055.

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La composition en AB était plus hydrophobe chez les souris TGR5-K0 par rapport aux souris WT Après HP, une importante nécrose hépatique, une cholestase prolongée, une réponse inflammatoire excessive et un retard de régénération hépatique ont été observés chez les souriE TGR5-KO. La réponse adaptative rénale et biliaire à la surcharge en AB après HP ont fortement été détériorées chez les souris TGR5-K0 par rapport aux souris WT. Le traitement par la cholestyramine et la déplétion en Kupffer, ont significativement amélioré le phénotype des souris TGR5-K0 après HP. Après une ligature de la voie biliaire principale ou un régime enrichi en CA, les TGR5-K0 avaient des lésions hépatiques plus importantes que les souris WT, ainsi qu'une altération de l'élimination urinaire des AB. Chez les souris TGR5-KO, la synthèse hépatocytaire des AB et le shunt cholécystohépatique n'étaient pas altérés, en revanche, un déficit de relaxation vésiculaire et une hyperperméabilité paracellulaire de l'épithélium biliaire étaient observés par rapport aux WT. Le récepteur TGR5 est crucial pour protéger le foie contre la surcharge en AB après HP, principalement par le contrôle de l'hydrophobicité du pool d'AB et de la sécrétion de cytokines. En absence du récepteur TGR5, la stagnation de bile anormalement hydrophobe et l'excès d'inflammation, associés à l'altération du flux biliaire et de l'élimination urinaire des AB, mènent à une surcharge en AB, à l'origine des lésions hépatiques et du retard de régénération. Le récepteur TGR5 contrôlerait l'hydrophobicité du pool d'AB via le contrôle de la fonction motrice de la vésicule biliaire et régulerait la perméabilité de l'épithélium biliaire
BA composition (plasma, liver, bile, urine, stools) was more hydrophobic in TGR5-KO than in W1 mice. After PH, severe hepatocyte necrosis, prolonged cholestasis, exacerbated inflammatory response and delayed regeneration were observed in TGR5-KO mice. Hepatocyte adaptive response to post-PH BA overload was similar in WT and TGR5-KO mice. However, kidney and biliary adaptive responses to post-PH BA overload were strongly impaired in TGR5-KO as compared with WT mice. Cholestyramine treatment, as well as Kupffer cell depletion, significantly improved the post-PH TGR5 KO mice phenotype. After bile duct ligation or upon a cholic acid-enriched diet, TGR5 KO mice exhibited more severe liver injury than WT as well as impaired BA elimination in urine. In TGR5-KO mice, hepatic bile acid synthesis and cholecystohepatic shunt were not altered, but gallbladder relaxation and biliary epithelium hyperpermeability were observed as compared to WT mice. TGR5 is crucial for liver protection against BA overload after PH, primarily through the control of bile hydrophobicity and cytokine secretion. In the absence of TGR5, intrahepatic stasis of abnormally hydrophobic bile and excessive inflammation, in association with impaired bile flow adaptation and deficient urinary BA efflux, lead to BA overload-induced liver injury and delayed regeneration. TGR5 may control both bile acid pool hydrophobicity via the control of gallbladder motor function, and epithelial permeability in the biliary tract

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Grill, Jean-Pierre. "Étude du potentiel probiotique de bactéries du genre Bifidobacterium : purification et caractérisation de la fructose 6 phosphate phosphocetolase de Bifidobacterium longum et Bifidobacterium animalis." Nancy 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN10050.

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Cette étude a permis de montrer les effets de certaines souches de bactéries appartenant au genre Bifidobacterium sur la flore intestinale, les nitrites, les nitrosamines et les sels biliaires. L’enzyme impliquée dans la déconjugaison des sels biliaires a été purifiée et caractérisée pour la souche de Bifidobacterium longum BB536. La fructose 6 phosphate phosphocétolase a été purifiée et caractérisée chez différentes souches de bifidobactéries. Des séquences en acides aminés de cette protéine ont ainsi été obtenues pour Bifidobacterium longum et Bifidobacterium animalis

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Aubert-Jousset, Emeline. "Etudes structurales et fonctionnelles de la lipase sels biliaires-dépendante." Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX20687.

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La Lipase sels biliaires dépendante (BSDL) est une enzyme sécrétée par les cellules acineuses du pancréas. Elle hydrolyse des esters du cholestérol en présence de sels biliaires au niveau duodénal. Lors de cette étude, nous avons caractérisé le rôle des deux aires chargées positivement à la surface de l'enzyme. L'aire basique N-terminale, constituée des résidus K32/K56/K61/K62/R63, correspond au site spécifique de liaison des sels biliaires primaires associé avec l'activation de l'enzyme. L'aire basique distale, constituée des résidus R423/K429/R454/R458/K462, correspond au site non-spécifique ou pré-micellaire de fixation des sels biliaires, qui est impliqué dans la fixation de l'enzyme aux micelles. Nous avons aussi mis en évidence la présence d'une séquence sur la BSDL présentant une homologie de structure avec la boucle V3 de la gp120 du VIH-1 et montré son implication dans la fixation de l'enzyme aux radeaux lipidiques membranaires durant son processus de sécrétion
The Bile salt-dependent lipase (BSDL) is an enzyme secreted by the acinar pancreatic cell. It hydrolyses esters of cholesterol in the presence of bile salts in the duodenum. During this study, we have characterized the role of two positively charged clusters at the surface of the enzyme. The basic N-terminal cluster, consisting of positive residues K32/K56/K61/K62/R63, corresponds to the specific binding site of primary bile salts, which is associated to the activation of the enzyme. The basic distal cluster, consisting of positive residues R423/K429/R454/R458/K462 corresponds to the non-specific or pre-micellar bile salt-binding site which is involved in the binding of the enzyme to micelles. We have also highlighted the presence of a domain on the BSDL which shows a structure homology with the V3 loop of the glycoprotein gp120 of the HIV-1 and shown its implication in the binding of the enzyme to the rafts of the membrane during its process towards secretion

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Nganga, Alain. "Implication de la Grp94 dans la sécrétion de la lipase sels biliaires dépendante." Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2001AIX20667.pdf.

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ALa lipase sels biliaires dépendante (BSDL, EC 3. 1. 1. 13) est une enzyme pancréatique qui catalyse l'hydrolyse les esters de cholestérol. Elle est synthétisée et stockée dans les granules de zymogènes des cellules acineuses puis sécrétée dans le suc pancréatique avant d'être deversée dans le duodénum où elle va exercer sa fonction physiologique. Au cours de sa sécrétion, et contrairement aux autres enzymes pancréatiques, la BSDL se lie aux membranes intracellulaires depuis le RE jusqu'au trans-Golgi. Cette liaison se fait via la Grp94, une protéine chaperonne faisant partie d'un complexe membranaire de structuration. Au cours de notre étude, nous nous sommes d'abord intéressés au rôle de la 0-glycosylation dans la sécrétion de la BSDL. A partir de deux lignées cellulaires CHO transfectées et exprimant la BSDL, une lignée CHO KI sauvage et une lignée CHO-ldlD défective pour la 0-glycosylation, nous avons montré que le taux de sécrétion de la BSDL dépendait de la capacité de la cellule à 0-glycosyler les protéines, alors que le déficit sécrétoire de la BSDL constaté avec les cellules CHO-ldlD se traduisait par une dégradation de l'enzyme. Nous nous sommes ensuite intéressés au rôle joué par la Grp94 dans la sécrétion de la BSDL en utilisant deux approches, une affectant le taux de traduction de la Grp94 par l'utilisation d'un ribozyme spécifique de l' ARNm de la Grp94 et l'autre utilisant la geldanamycine, une drogue qui empêche l'interaction entre la Grp94 et ses substrats. Avec ces deux approches, nous avons montré d'une part que la sécrétion de la BSDL était dépendante de l'intégrité de la fonction de la Grp94 et d'autre part que les molécules de BSDL qui ne peuvent pas s'associer à la Grp94 sont instables et seraient dégradées. L'utilisation d'inhibiteurs du protéasome (MG 132, LLnL et la lactacystine) et des anticorps anti-BSDL et anti-ubiquitine, nous a permis de mettre en évidence un variant ubiquitinylé de la BSDL et _de suggérer que l'élimination de la protéine non compétente pour la sécrétion se impliquait une dégradation par le protéasome après une étape d'ubiquitinylation
Bile salt-dependent lipase (BSDL, EC 3. 1. 1. 13) is a pancreatic enzyme which catalyses the hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters. This enzyme is synthesized and stocked within zymogen granules then secreted as a pancreatic juice component before to be diverted to the duodenum where it exerts it physiological function. During secretion and opposite to other pancreatic enzymes, BSDL is associated with intracellular membranes from the ER up to the trans-Golgi. This association implicates a folding complex involving the chaperone Grp94. In this study we first were interested in the role of the 0-glycosylation in BSDL secretion. Two cells lignes, the wild-type CHO-KI and the 0-glycosylation deficient CHO-ldlD lignes were transfected with full-length cDNA of the rat BSDL. Results suggested that the secretion of BSDL was depending upon the cell capacity to 0-glycosylate BSDL, and that BSDL deficient for the 0-glycosylation was likely degraded. We then attempted to delineate the role of the Grp94 in the BSDL secretion. For this purpose we use (i) a ribozyme that specifically decreases the expression of the chaperone and (ii) geldanamycine, a drug that affects the binding of the Grp94 to its substrate. Data indicated that the BSDL secretion is depending on its interaction with the chaperone and that BSDL molecules that are not structurated or associated with Grp94 during cell transport are unstable and degraded. Further results using proteasome inhibitors and antibodies to ubiquitin suggested that BSDL molecules uncompetent for the secretion are ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome

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Aloulou, Ahmed. "Etude biochimique de la lipase LIP2 de Yarrowia lipolytica, candidat pour le traitement de l'insuffisance pancréatique exocrine." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX22043.

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Les échecs thérapeutiques des préparations de pancréatine dans certains cas d’insuffisance pancréatique exocrine (IPE), en particulier quand le pH du tractus gastro-intestinal est très bas, seraient dus aux différents potentiels de dissolution des microsphères gastro-protégées et/ou à l’inactivation des enzymes pancre��atiques par l’acidité. Des enzymes, notamment des lipases, de différentes origines, surexprimées par génie génétique sont activement recherchées pour l’enzymothérapie de substitution. Néanmoins, ces lipases cibles devraient répondre à certains critères, garantissant leur efficacité au niveau du tractus digestif des patients. La caractérisation biochimique de la lipase LIP2 de la levure Y. Lipolytica (YLLIP2) montre qu’elle n’est pas inhibée par les sels biliaires et présente une assez bonne stabilité aux pH acides. Sa régiosélectivité (1,3) est comparable à celle des lipases pancréatiques. YLLIP2 est la lipase qui présente l’activité la plus élevée connue à ce jour sur les triglycérides à chaines longues notamment à pH acide. YLLIP2 semble être alors un bon candidat pour le développement d’un médicament pour le traitement de l’IPE. La structure 3D fermée d’YLLIP2 montre une forte homologie structurale avec la lipase de T. Lanuginosus (TLL). Les différences structurales les plus prononcées se situent au niveau des boucles de surface, régions d’insertions et de délétions, incluant le volet
Therapeutic failures of pancreatin preparations in certain cases of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (Bonini, et al. ), in particular when gastro-intestinal pH is very low, would be due to the enteric-coated microspheres dissolution potentials and/or to the inactivation of pancreatic enzymes by acidity. Genetic engineering overexpressed enzymes, in particular lipases, from various origins, are actively required for the enzyme replacement therapy. Nevertheless, these target lipases should provide certain criteria, guaranteeing their effectiveness in the digestive tract of patients. The biochemical characterization of LIP2 lipase from the yeast Y. Lipolytica (YLLIP2) shows that it is not inhibited by bile salts and has a rather good stability at the acidic pH. Its regioselectivity (1,3) is comparable with that of pancreatic lipases. YLLIP2 is the lipase which, to date, presents the highest known activity on long-chain triglycerides in particular at acid pH. YLLIP2 seems to be then a good candidate for the development of a drug for the treatment of PEI. The closed 3D structure of YLLIP2 shows a strong structural homology with the lipase of T. Lanuginosus (TLL). The most pronounced structural differences occur, as expected, in the regions of insertions and deletions, all of which are found in surface loops, which include the lid

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Ploton, Maheul. "Impact de la phosphorylation de FXR par la PKA sur son activité transcriptionnelle et sur la régulation de la néoglucogenèse hépatique." Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2S032/document.

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L’homéostasie glucidique est, durant un jeûne normal, maintenue grâce à un réseau de régulation complexe contrôlé principalement par le glucagon, produit par le pancréas. S’opposant aux effets de l’insuline, celui-ci orchestre notamment l'utilisation, le stockage et la synthèse du glucose par le foie, principal organe de production du glucose au cours du jeûne. Cette dernière s’effectue d’abord suite à la dégradation du glycogène ou glycogénolyse puis par la synthèse de novo de glucose ou néoglucogenèse. La néoglucogenèse hépatique est contrôlée par la modulation de l’activité et/ou de l’expression de différentes enzymes-clefs selon des mécanismes allostériques ou transcriptionnels.De multiples facteurs de transcription sont impliqués dans la régulation, au niveau transcriptionnel, de la néoglucogenèse hépatique. Le récepteur nucléaire des acides biliaires FXR est exprimé dans le foie et dans plusieurs organes impliqués dans le maintien de l’homéostasie glucidique. FXR participe à la régulation de nombreuses fonctions hépatiques essentielles, en contrôlant notamment les métabolismes des acides biliaires et lipidique. Le rôle exact de FXR sur la néoglucogenèse reste toujours débattu. L’objectif de cette thèse a donc été d’étudier le rôle de FXR dans le contrôle de la néoglucogenèse hépatique dans des conditions expérimentales reflétant certains aspects du jeûne. Nous avons démontré que FXR, en présence de glucagon, régulait positivement la néoglucogenèse selon deux mécanismes.Le premier mécanisme implique la phosphorylation de FXR par la PKA, une kinase activée par le glucagon. Cette modification post-traductionnelle de FXR permet une induction synergique de l’expression des enzymes-clefs de la néoglucogenèse par FXR et le facteur de transcription CREB. L’identification de ce mécanisme constitue la majeure partie des travaux présentés dans cette thèse. Ceux-ci ont été intégrés à des travaux menés précédemment dans le laboratoire qui nous ont permis d’identifier un mécanisme additionnel de régulation de la gluconéogenèse. L’interaction directe de FXR avec le facteur de transcription FOXA2, lui-même activé par le glucagon, inhibe la capacité de FXR à induire l’expression de SHP, un récepteur nucléaire inhibiteur de la néoglucogenèse.Ce travail a donc permis d’identifier pour la première fois que la néoglucogenèse hépatique est régulée positivement par FXR dans le cadre de la voie de signalisation du glucagon. Pour cela, FXR intègre le signal « glucagon » par deux mécanismes distincts: via une modification post-traductionnelle, sa phosphorylation par la PKA sur les sérines S325 et S357 et via une interaction protéine-protéine avec FOXA2
Glucose homeostasis is maintained during normal fasting through a complex regulatory network controlled mainly by glucagon, a pancreatic hormone. Opposing the effects of insulin, it orchestrates the glucose use, storage and synthesis by the liver, the main organ that produces glucose during fasting. The latter is carried out first by the degradation of glycogen or glycogenolysis and then by de novo glucose synthesis or gluconeogenesis. Hepatic gluconeogenesis is controlled by modulation of various key enzymes activity and/or expression according to allosteric or transcriptional mechanisms.Multiple transcription factors are involved in the transcriptional regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis. The nuclear bile acid receptor FXR is expressed in the liver and in several organs involved in glucose homeostasis. FXR regulates many essential liver functions, including controlling bile acid and lipid metabolism. The exact role of FXR on gluconeogenesis is still debated. The objective of this work was therefore to study the role of FXR in the control of hepatic gluconeogenesis under experimental conditions reflecting certain aspects of fasting. We demonstrated that FXR, in the presence of glucagon, positively regulated gluconeogenesis according to two mechanisms.The first mechanism involves phosphorylation of FXR by PKA, a glucagon-activated kinase. This FXR post-translational modification allows synergistic induction of key gluconeogenic enzymes expression by FXR and the CREB transcription factor. This mechanism identification constitutes the major part of the work presented in this thesis. These were integrated with work previously conducted in the laboratory that allowed us to identify an additional mechanism for regulating gluconeogenesis. The FXR direct interaction with the transcription factor FOXA2, itself activated by glucagon, inhibits the ability of FXR to induce the expression of SHP, a gluconeogenesis inhibitory nuclear receptor.This work has therefore identified for the first time that hepatic gluconeogenesis is positively regulated by FXR in the glucagon signalling pathway. For this, FXR integrates the "glucagon" signal by two distinct mechanisms: via post-translational modification, its phosphorylation by PKA on S325 and S357 serines and via protein-protein interaction with FOXA2

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Books on the topic "Biliaire, sel"

1

Chapman, R., and Henry Bodenheimer. Self-assessment Colour Review of Hepatobiliary Medicine. Manson Publishing Ltd, 2003.

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(Editor), T. C. Northfield, P. Zentler-Munro (Editor), and R. Jazwari (Editor), eds. Bile Acids in Health and Disease: Update on Cholesterol Gallstones and Bile Acid Diarrhoea. Springer, 1988.

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Riadh, Jazrawi, Northfield Tim, and Zentler-Munro Patrick, eds. Bile acids in health and disease: Update on cholesterol gallstones and bile acid diarrhoea. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1988.

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Beattie, R. Mark, Anil Dhawan, and John W.L. Puntis. Cystic fibrosis-associated liver disease. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569862.003.0022.

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Pathophysiology 162Clinical features 162Diagnosis 163Management 164Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease resulting from mutations in the gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) (see Chapter 21). CFTR functions as a transmembrane chloride channel in the apical membrane of most secretory epithelia and the disease thus affects lungs, pancreas, exocrine glands, gut, and liver. In CF-associated liver disease the biliary tract is most commonly involved in a spectrum from asymptomatic to biliary cirrhosis. The liver disease runs from mild and subclinical to severe cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Clinical disease is seen in 4–6% of cases, but there are biochemical abnormalities in 20–50%. At autopsy, fibrosis is present in 20% and steatosis in 50%....

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Larrea Villacís, María Julia, Víctor Enrique Vallejo Romero, Bryan Paul Molina Molina, Víctor Fernando Carvajal Barahona, Jorge Fernando Borbor Sánchez, Pablo Emilio Saltos Arteaga, Fernando Javier Ayón Vélez, Gema Magdalena Morales Loor, Edison César Hermida Menéndez, and Edwin Adrián Quijije Párraga. Cirugía Laparoscópica: ciencia y clínica. Mawil Publicaciones de Ecuador, 2020, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26820/978-9942-826-39-8.

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Cirugía Laparoscópica: ciencia y clínica El libro CIRUGÍA LAPAROSCÓPICA, de manera simple pero directa, desarrolla temáticas que contribuyen al conocimiento y comprensión de los principios básicos del procedimiento quirúrgico por laparoscópica, que se lleva a cabo dentro de la especialidad de Cirugía General, según indicaciones precisas y de los aspectos que rodea el acto quirúrgico. La Cirugía General, es una disciplina científica en la que se utilizan las manos, o instrumentos manejados por éstas, para curar enfermedades o mejorar la salud. De manera general, se entiende como una ciencia que abarca el tratamiento total de la enfermedad e incluye la intervención quirúrgica para la corrección de deformidades, reparación de defectos, reparación de lesiones, diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades, mitigación del sufrimiento y prolongación de la vida. La Cirugía General descansa sobre dos bases: la base científica donde se incluye la técnica manual y la humanista encaminada a buscar el bien del enfermo. En el marco de estas reflexiones, se explana en el libro, aspectos importantes sobre la Laparoscopia, la cual ha sido definida inicialmente y de manera general como un procedimiento o técnica diagnóstica y terapéutica basada en sistemas de visión y manipulación especiales introducidos en la cavidad abdominal a través de incisiones puntiformes las cuales permiten que el cirujano observe los órganos del abdomen, como intestinos, estómago y vesícula biliar, y en mujeres los órganos pélvicos, como los ovarios y en algunos casos practique una intervención quirúrgica en dichos órganos.

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Book chapters on the topic "Biliaire, sel"

1

Lee, Dong Ki. "Biliary Malignancy: Distal." In Self-Expandable Stents in the Gastrointestinal Tract, 235–48. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3746-8_16.

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Cunningham, John T. "Benign Biliary Diseases." In Self-Expandable Stents in the Gastrointestinal Tract, 249–58. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3746-8_17.

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Andronikou, Savvas. "Biliary Tree and Pancreatic Duct System." In See Right Through Me, 479–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23893-2_19.

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Ramchandani, Mohan, and D. Nageshwar Reddy. "Biliary Self-Expandable Metal Stents." In Self-Expandable Stents in the Gastrointestinal Tract, 89–101. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3746-8_6.

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Leung, Wesley, Mariano Gonzalez-Haba Ruiz, and Irving Waxman. "Biliary and Pancreatic Stents: Indications and Placement Techniques." In Self-Expandable Stents in the Gastrointestinal Tract, 141–57. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3746-8_10.

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Tiewala, Mustafa A., and Martin L. Freeman. "Self-Expanding Metallic Stents for Malignant Hilar Biliary Obstruction." In Self-Expandable Stents in the Gastrointestinal Tract, 217–33. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3746-8_15.

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Kozarek, Richard A., and Todd H. Baron. "Self-Expanding Stents: Present and Future." In Gastrointestinal and Pancreatico-Biliary Diseases: Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29964-4_49-1.

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Gkolfakis, Paraskevas, Ioannis S. Papanikolaou, and Peter Siersema. "Biodegradable Self-Expandable Stents for Benign Strictures: Indications and Outcomes." In Gastrointestinal and Pancreatico-Biliary Diseases: Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29964-4_53-1.

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Fujisawa, Toshio, Hiroyuki Isayama, Shigeto Ishii, Mako Ushio, Sho Takahashi, Wataru Yamagata, Yusuke Takasaki, et al. "Development of Biliary Self-Expandable Metal Stents for Pancreatic Cancer and Cholangiocarcinoma." In Management of Pancreatic Cancer and Cholangiocarcinoma, 313–24. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2870-2_24.

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Dunn, Stephen P. "Biliary Atresia and Biliary Hypoplasia." In Shackelford's Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, 2 Volume Set, 1361–66. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-40232-3.00115-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Biliaire, sel"

1

Seixas, João Alfredo, Filomena Aste Silveira, Juliana Monteiro Ramos Coelho, Júlia Garcia do Espírito Santo, Stefanie Larrhiuo Viana, and Bruna Shiguemi Saito. "Colestase intra-hepática da gravidez, um desafio clínico." In 44° Congresso da SGORJ - XXIII Trocando Ideias. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/jbg-0368-1416-2020130252.

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Introdução: A colestase intra-hepática da gravidez (CIHG) é uma forma reversível de colestase (fluxo biliar prejudicado) que aparece principalmente no final do segundo ou terceiro trimestre da gestação, caracterizada por prurido de leve a grave e testes de função hepática alterados, que tendem a diminuir rapidamente após o parto, sendo significativamente mais frequente na América do Sul (9,2‒15,6%). Está associada a resultados perinatais insatisfatórios e maior risco de trabalho de parto prematuro, sofrimento fetal e morte fetal intrauterina súbita. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de CIHG para lembrar aos pré-natalistas a necessidade do diagnóstico imediato e correto, com intervenção médica apropriada para melhorar o prognóstico fetal. Relato de Caso: Paciente com 29 anos, primigesta, com idade gestacional de 32 semanas e 2 dias pela ultrassonografia (USG) de 1º trimestre, deu entrada na maternidade com queixa de epigastralgia e prurido generalizado com início há 1 dia. Ao exame físico, apresentava leve icterícia 1+/4+. Entre os exames laboratoriais solicitados, apresentava bilirrubina total (BT)=0,94 mg/dL e bilirrubina direta (BD)=0,79 mg/dL. Durante a internação, foram realizados exames diariamente, sendo observado padrão progressivo: BT=1,3 mg/dL e BD=0,7 mg/dL. BT=1,7 mg/dL. A USG evidenciou evolução com diminuição de volume do líquido amniótico e doppler limítrofe. Foi indicada interrupção da gestação por parto cesáreo, com nascimento de recém-nascido (RN) único, vivo e banhado em mecônio. Na consulta puerperal paciente apresentou melhora progressiva da função hepática: BT=0,7 mg/dL, BD=0,4 mg/dL e bilirrubina indireta (BI)=0,3 mg/dL. Foi orientada quanto à necessidade de acompanhamento ambulatorial em razão do risco de novo quadro em futura gestação. Conclusão: Embora a etiologia da CIHG ainda permaneça obscura, fatores genéticos, hormonais e ambientais parecem interagir em sua etiopatogenia. A CIHG geralmente se apresenta com início súbito de prurido grave que rapidamente se generaliza, podendo ser atormentador, porém a principal consideração nessa patologia não é o prurido materno, mas o prognóstico fetal, significativamente prejudicado. Como há um defeito na excreção de sais biliares, resultando em ácidos biliares elevados (de até 10 a 25 vezes) no soro materno, esses ácidos podem passar para a circulação fetal, podendo ter efeitos deletérios no feto em razão da anóxia placentária aguda e da depressão cardíaca fetal. Apesar de algumas diretrizes recomendarem o tratamento com o ácido ursodeoxicólico, que tem demonstrado não apenas reduzir o prurido materno, mas também melhorar o prognóstico fetal, seu uso ainda necessita de pesquisas in vivo que comprovem seus benefícios. Uma vigilância obstétrica rigorosa e o parto logo que a maturidade pulmonar é alcançada, é ainda a diretriz mais recomendada. Em mulheres com história pregressa de CIHG, o uso de anticoncepcionais orais combinados não é contraindicado quando da normalização dos exames bioquímicos após o parto. A amamentação não é contraindicada.

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Araújo, Indianna Lua Mendes, Luane De Macêdo E. Silva, Thaís Raylla Laurindo Sena Barros, Maria José Lima Do Nascimento, and Francisco Lima Silva. "COLECISTECTOMIA EM CADELA DA RAÇA SPITZ ALEMÃO: RELATO DE CASO." In I Congresso On-line Nacional de Clínica Veterinária de Pequenos Animais. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1904.

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Introdução: A colecistectomia se trata da retirada cirúrgica da vesícula biliar quando esta apresenta inflamação ou formação de cálculos, podendo ser causada por obstrução do trato biliar extra-hepático, neoplasia, infecção ou trauma. Objetivo: O relato tem por objetivo reportar o tratamento cirúrgico para correção de colecistite em cadela. Materiais e Métodos: Uma cadela da raça Spitz Alemão, 10 anos e 3 meses, 3 kg, deu entrada em um hospital veterinário da cidade de Teresina - PI. A tutora relatou que há dois dias o animal vinha apresentando hiporexia e vômito. Foram solicitados exames laboratoriais e de imagem. Resultados: No hemograma observou-se anemia normocítica normocrômica, neutrofilia absoluta, linfopenia e eosinopenia absolutas, trombocitopenia severa e plasma ictérico. No bioquímico identificou-se os valores: Fosfatase Alcalina: 3.332,0 U/L; T.G.O./AST.: 60,0 U/L; T.G.P/ALT.: 361,0 U/L; Creatinina: 0,4 mg/dL; Ureia: 26,0 mg/dL. Na ultrassonografia encontrou-se o fígado com aumento da ecogenicidade hepática; vesícula biliar aumentada de volume, com conteúdo denso e com ecogenicidade mista, sugerindo colecistite com ruptura de órgão; baço com lesão edemaciada e anecogênica na parte cranial do órgão. Solicitou-se então eletrocardiograma e ecocardiograma. Após verificar ausência de alteração cardíaca, encaminhou-se o animal para cirurgia. Foi realizada uma laparotomia exploratória onde constatou-se que houve o extravasamento do conteúdo da vesícula biliar. Realizou-se então a exposição do órgão rompido e fez-se uma incisão no peritônio visceral ao longo da junção da vesícula biliar e do fígado para desprender a vesícula do fígado. Em seguida, fez-se a liberação do ducto cístico até sua junção com o ducto biliar comum. Clampeou-se e realizou-se uma dupla ligadura da artéria cística e ducto cístico com fio não absorvível (náilon 2-0). Seccionou-se o ducto distal às ligaduras e realizou-se a remoção da vesícula biliar. Conclusão: A colecistectomia é o tratamento de escolha para casos de colecistite em que não há resposta ou em que ocorrem recidivas após antibioticoterapia, ruptura espontânea ou colelitíase. Dessa forma, fica evidente a importância dos exames de rotina para tratar a tempo qualquer complicação que venha a surgir, principalmente em animais sêniores.

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3

Richardson, Mark T., Scott R. Green, and Yogesh B. Gianchandani. "Magnetoelastic wireless sensing of tissue growth for self-expanding biliary stents." In 2007 IEEE 20th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memsys.2007.4433073.

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4

Lee, HW, JH Moon, HJ Choi, YN Lee, TH Lee, MH Choi, SW Cha, YD Cho, and SH Park. "MODIFIED FULLY COVERED SELF-EXPANDABLE METAL STENT VERSUS PLASTIC STENT FOR PREOPERATIVE BILIARY DRAINAGE IN PATIENTS WITH RESECTABLE MALIGNANT BILIARY OBSTRUCTION." In ESGE Days 2018 accepted abstracts. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1637159.

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5

Leung, Solomon W., Arya Ebrahimpour, Marco P. Schoen, and James C. K. Lai. "Self-Cleansing Flexible Stent for Prevention of Clogging of Blood Vessels." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42118.

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Different types of stents are available to be implanted into blood-vessels (e.g., cardiovascular stent) or organs to maintain unobstructed blood flow or flow of tissue fluid through ducts (e.g., biliary and uretic stents and others). On the one hand, it is imperative to use smart material such that its mechanical and elastic properties meet those of the ideal stent. A smart stent can change the orientation of the material(s) either by sensing control, temperature, or blood pressure, thus alter the overall shape of the stent (wiggling). These wiggling motions can prevent or reduce the deposit of cholesterol inside the stent’s lumen. On the other hand, there is a need for a better physiological model of how the tensile and shear stresses of a blood vessel are altered as the blood pressure changes along a defined length of that vessel and how the shape changes of the blood vessel could prevent the deposits of lipid material on the vessel wall thereby possibly decrease the likelihood of stenosis. However, the design of an ideal stent is complicated by the lack of proper materials and modeling studies, and difficulties to have an optimized design because of complexities of environmental factors. In this literature review, we therefore propose that an optimal stents design should incorporate the use of highly biocompatible material(s) of well characterized properties and with an adequately modeled mechanical design. We have discussed the importance and relevance of these issues for future stent design and fabrication.

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Bie, Like. "IDDF2019-ABS-0150 Therapeutic effect of fully covered self-expandable metal stents on benign biliary stricture." In International Digestive Disease Forum (IDDF) 2019, Hong Kong, 8–9 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-iddfabstracts.95.

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Bezerra, Daniel Dias, Gabriele Batista Ferreira Pacheco, and Izabel Maria Braz Oliveira. "A SISTEMATIZAÇÃO DA ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM AO PACIENTE COM PANCREATITE AGUDA POR HIPERTRIGLICERIDEMIA - UM RELATO DE CASO." In II Congresso Brasileiro de Saúde On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1476.

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Introdução: A Pancreatite é um distúrbio grave no qual ocorre um processo inflamatório no pâncreas, podendo ser dividida em pancreatite aguda e crônica. A aguda costuma ser uma emergência médica associada a um elevado risco de complicações potencialmente fatais e mortalidade. Já a crônica, muitas vezes não é detectada, visto que suas manifestações clínicas e diagnósticos clássicos não aparecem nos estágios iniciais da doença e, quando aparecem, cerca de 90% das células acinares foram perdidas. Objetivos: Diante do exposto o presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever os meios de atuação e cuidados da equipe de enfermagem junto com a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem frente ao paciente com Pancreatite Aguda por hipertrigliceridemia. Metodologia: O presente trabalho trata-se de um estudo do tipo relato de caso, direcionado ao paciente com pancreatite aguda por hipertrigliceridemia admitido no Hospital Regional da Asa Norte – HRAN. A coleta dos dados foi realizada através do Instrumento de Coleta de dados, entrevista e exame físico com o paciente e utilização Prontuário eletrônico do paciente na base de dados Tackcare. Resultados: Paciente admitido no Pronto Socorro com história de dor em abdome superior em barra com início há 4 dias associado a náuseas, vômitos, pirose, hiporexia e saciedade precoce. Ao Prontuário Eletrônico do paciente apresenta-se lesões na pele, puntiforme em antebraços decorrentes de mordidas e arranhões de cão, sem informações quanto a vacina Antirrábica, e formação de bolha com aspecto seroso em região maleolar medial de MIE, foi solicitado parecer da psiquiatria constando paciente com humor ansioso e com resistência ao tratamento do etilismo, encaminhado a clínica médica. Conclusão: O Presente Estudo de Caso possibilitou a abordagem ao paciente com pancreatite aguda por hipertrigliceridemia observou-se que diante da elaboração do trabalho que a pancreatite é um distúrbio grave, no qual ocorre um processo inflamatório no pâncreas, com uma incidência elevada no Brasil, com um elevado número de internações por ano, que vem sido causado principalmente pelo uso excessivo de álcool e a formação de cálculos biliares, ainda podendo ser causada por outros motivos, como uso de alguns tipos de medicamentos, a hiperlipidemia, a hipercalcemia, entre outros fatores.

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8

Katzarov, A., Z. Dunkov, I. Popadiin, and K. Katzarov. "COMBINED ENDOSCOPIC AND PERCUTANEOUS SELF EXPANDABLE METAL STENT PLACEMENT FOR MALIGNANT HILAR STENOSIS OF THE BILIARY TREE." In ESGE Days 2018 accepted abstracts. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1637642.

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Lau, Su Yin, and Ghassan El Sayed. "PTH-037 High stent migration rates despite anchoring: a bournemouth experience in biliary self-expandable metal stents." In British Society of Gastroenterology, Annual General Meeting, 4–7 June 2018, Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-bsgabstracts.58.

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Sandru, V., M. Ilie, O. Plotogea, C. Diaconu, B. Ungureanu, A. Constantinescu, and G. Constantinescu. "TREATMENT OF BILIARY STRICTURES AFTER ORTHOTOPIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION – A COMPARISON BETWEEN SELF-EXPANDABLE METAL STENTS AND PLASTIC STENTS." In ESGE Days 2018 accepted abstracts. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1637645.

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