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Journal articles on the topic 'Binomial number system'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Borysenko, Oleksiy, Svitlana Matsenko, and Vjaceslavs Bobrovs. "Binomial Number System." Applied Sciences 11, no. 23 (2021): 11110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112311110.

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This paper presents and first scientifically substantiates the generalized theory of binomial number systems (BNS) and the method of their formation for reliable digital signal processing (DSP), transmission, and data storage. The method is obtained based on the general theory of positional number systems (PNS) with conditions and number functions for converting BNS with a binary alphabet, also allowing to generate matrix BNS, linear-cyclic, and multivalued number systems. Generated by BNS, binomial numbers possess the error detection property. A characteristic property of binomial numbers is

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OHSUGI, HIDEFUMI, and TAKAYUKI HIBI. "INDISPENSABLE BINOMIALS OF FINITE GRAPHS." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 04, no. 04 (2005): 421–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498805001265.

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A binomial f belonging to a toric ideal I is indispensable if, for any system [Formula: see text] of binomial generators of I, either f or -f belongs to [Formula: see text]. In the present paper, we study indispensable binomials of the toric ideals IG arising from a finite graph G. First, we show that the toric ideal IG arising from a finite graph G whose complementary graph is weakly chordal is generated by the indispensable binomials if and only if no complete graph of order ≥4 is a subgraph of G. Second, we completely classify indispensable binomials of the toric ideal IG arising from a fin

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Igor, Kulyk, Berezhna Olga, and Shevchenko Marina. "Development of data compressing coding methods on basis of binary binomial numbers." Technology audit and production reserves 2, no. 2(46) (2019): 12–18. https://doi.org/10.15587/2312-8372.2019.169897.

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<em>The object of research is the methods of compressive coding, which are used for economical presentation of data in information systems. Compression methods can be used at various stages of data processing, in the transmission of messages and their storage. One of the most problematic places for the application of compression methods are high requirements for computing resources, significant hardware and software costs for their implementation and low coding/decoding speed. In this case, of particular interest are methods, on the results of compression of which computational operations are

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Igor, Kulyk, Berezhna Olga, Novhorodtsev Anatoliy, and Shevchenko Maryna. "Development of binary information compression methods based on the binomial numerical function." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3, no. 4 (111) (2021): 6–13. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.234492.

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The application of data compression methods is an effective means of improving the performance of information systems. At the same time, interest is aroused to the methods of compression without information loss which are distinguished by their versatility, low needs of costs during implementation, and the possibility of self-control. In this regard, the application of binomial numbering systems is promising. The numerical function of the binomial numbering system is used for compression. It makes it possible to put sequences in one-to-one compliance with their numbers. In this case, the

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Kulyk, Igor, Olga Berezhna, Anatoliy Novhorodtsev, and Maryna Shevchenko. "Development of binary information compression methods based on the binomial numerical function." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3, no. 4 (111) (2021): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.234492.

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The application of data compression methods is an effective means of improving the performance of information systems. At the same time, interest is aroused to the methods of compression without information loss which are distinguished by their versatility, low needs of costs during implementation, and the possibility of self-control. In this regard, the application of binomial numbering systems is promising. The numerical function of the binomial numbering system is used for compression. It makes it possible to put sequences in one-to-one compliance with their numbers. In this case, the trans

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Borysenko, Oleksiy, Svitlana Matsenko, Toms Salgals, Sandis Spolitis, and Vjaceslavs Bobrovs. "The Lossless Adaptive Binomial Data Compression Method." Applied Sciences 12, no. 19 (2022): 9676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12199676.

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In this paper, we propose a new method for the binomial adaptive compression of binary sequences of finite length without loss of information. The advantage of the proposed binomial adaptive compression method compared with the binomial compression method previously developed by the authors is an increase in the compression rate. This speed is accompanied in the method by the appearance of a new quality—noise immunity of compression. The novelty of the proposed method, which makes it possible to achieve these positive results, is manifested in the adaptation of the compression ratio of compres

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Almarashi, Abdullah, Sayed Abdel-Khalek, and Debasis Kundu. "Photon statistics and non-local properties of a two-qubit-field system in the excited negative binomial distribution." Thermal Science 26, Spec. issue 1 (2022): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci22s1239a.

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In this paper, a quantum scheme for a two-qubit system (2QS) and field initially prepared in the excited negative binomial distribution is presented. The field photon statistics is detected from the evolution of the Mandel parameter, while the evolution of von Neumann entropy detects the nonlocal correlation between the 2QS and radiation field. The concurrence is used to detect the qubit-qubit entanglement during the time evolution. The dynamical properties of single-qubit and two-qubit quantum Fisher information are investigated. We visualize the number of photon excitations on the field in n

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Gómez, Fidel, and Juan Pablo Bocarejo. "Accident Prediction Models for Bus Rapid Transit Systems." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2512, no. 1 (2015): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2512-05.

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This research sought to model traffic accidents in the bus rapid transit (BRT) system in Bogotá, Colombia. For each BRT station, 35 variables related to system flows, infrastructure, service, surroundings, and socio-economic context were tested. After a selection process, a set of 11 explanatory variables was obtained and used in the development of generalized linear models (Poisson and negative binomial models) and a neural network model. The results showed that the neural network model had better predictability indicators than did those obtained by the Poisson and negative binomial models. A

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Economou, Antonis, and Stella Kapodistria. "q-SERIES IN MARKOV CHAINS WITH BINOMIAL TRANSITIONS." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 23, no. 1 (2008): 75–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964809000084.

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We consider a single-server Markovian queue with synchronized services and setup times. The customers arrive according to a Poisson process and are served simultaneously. The service times are independent and exponentially distributed. At a service completion epoch, every customer remains satisfied with probability p (independently of the others) and departs from the system; otherwise, he stays for a new service. Moreover, the server takes multiple vacations whenever the system is empty.Some of the transition rates of the underlying two-dimensional Markov chain involve binomial coefficients de

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Nam, Bo-Ra, and C. H. Choi. "The Impact of Drug Approval-Patent Linkage System on Patent Applications: Evidence from the KORUS FTA." Journal of Korea Trade 27, no. 6 (2023): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35611/jkt.2023.27.6.65.

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Purpose - This paper empirically investigates the impact of strengthened intellectual property rights (IPRs) within the KORUS Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on patent applications filed by domestic pharmaceutical companies in Korea. Design/methodology - In this study, the distribution of the dependent variable is assumed to follow a Poisson or a negative binomial distribution, given the count nature of the dependent variable. Therefore, it can be estimated through the Panel Count Model. The study utilizes Poisson panel analysis and negative binomial panel analysis. Findings - The resul

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Rosyid, Ilham Asyifa Maulana, Respatiwulan Respatiwulan, and Sri Sulistijowati Handajani. "Model Penyebaran Penyakit SIR Tipe Rantai Binomial dengan Kontak Random dan Waktu Penyembuhan Bernilai Tak Hingga." Indonesian Journal of Applied Statistics 3, no. 2 (2021): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/ijas.v3i2.44307.

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<p>Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) epidemic model is an epidemic model that illustrates the pattern of disease spread with the characteristics of individuals who have recovered cannot be re-infected and have a permanent immune system. The binomial chain type epidemic model assumes that infection spreads in discrete time units and the number of the infected individuals follows a binomial distribution. This research aims to discuss binomial chain type SIR epidemic model by simulating the model. The transition probability depends on the number of infected individuals in the period the

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Dhanure, Rajat. "Enhancing CFS Scheduler Performance through Binomial Heap Integration." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 12 (2024): 60–64. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.65690.

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This paper proposes an enhancement to the Completely Fair Scheduler (CFS) in Linux by replacing the Red-Black Tree (RBT) with a Binomial Heap to improve scheduling efficiency. While CFS provides fair CPU time allocation, its reliance on RBT can lead to inefficiencies as the number of tasks grows, particularly in insertion and extraction operations. The Binomial Heap, with its constant time complexity for insertion operation makes it a suitable alternative. Performance evaluations demonstrate that this modification decreases the time required for insertion by up to 50% and for extraction up to

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Aloafi, Tahani A., Azhari A. Elhag, Taghreed M. Jawa, et al. "Predication and Photon Statistics of a Three-Level System in the Photon Added Negative Binomial Distribution." Symmetry 14, no. 2 (2022): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14020284.

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Statistical and artificial neural network models are applied to forecast the quantum scheme of a three-level atomic system (3LAS) and field, initially following a photon added negative binomial distribution (PANBD). The Mandel parameter is used to detect the photon statistics of a radiation field. Explicit forms of the PANBD are given. The prediction of the Mandel parameter, atomic probability of the 3LAS in the upper state, and von Neumann entropy are obtained using time series and artificial neural network methods. The influence of probability success photons and the number of added photons

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Dillon, Gina E., and Gary P. Fitt. "Reassessment of sampling relationships for Helicoverpa spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Australian cotton." Bulletin of Entomological Research 85, no. 3 (1995): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000748530003604x.

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AbstractHelicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and H. punctigera (Wallengren) are major pests of cotton in Australia. The density of eggs and larvae of these species are sampled regularly throughout the growing season to assess the need for insecticidal control. A sampling system now widely used is based on binomial sampling combined with a series of conversion relationships developed as part of the SIRATAC computer based pest management system established in the early 1980s. A three year study was initiated to reassess the binomial sampling conversion relationship in the light of changed agronomic pra

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Kapodistria, Stella, Tuan Phung-Duc, and Jacques Resing. "LINEAR BIRTH/IMMIGRATION-DEATH PROCESS WITH BINOMIAL CATASTROPHES." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 30, no. 1 (2015): 79–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964815000297.

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In this paper, we study birth/immigration-death processes under mild (binomial) catastrophes. We obtain explicit expressions for both the time-dependent (transient) and the limiting (equilibrium) factorial moments, which are then used to construct the transient and equilibrium distribution of the population size. We demonstrate that our approach is also applicable to multidimensional systems such as stochastic processes operating under a random environment and other variations of the model at hand. We also obtain various stochastic order results for the number of individuals with respect to th

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Meloshnikova, Natalya P., Anatoly A. Nazarov, and Ekaterina A. Fedorova. "Study of the M/M/1 retrial queueing system with disasters." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Upravlenie, vychislitel'naya tekhnika i informatika, no. 68 (2024): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/19988605/68/3.

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This paper studies a single-server retrial queueing system with disasters. Disasters occur in moments of negative call arrivals. Each negative call destroys all “positive” call located in the system: on the server and in the orbit. The random process of the number of calls in the orbit is studied. Using the method of generating functions, a formula is for the generating function of the stationary probability distribution of the number of calls in the orbit obtained. The features of this function are described. The approximation by the modified negative binomial distribution is proposed. A nume

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Astuti, Septiana Widi, Puspita Dewi, Windi Nopriyanto, Ahmad Ependi, and Ilham Satrio Utomo. "Pemodelan Data Kecelakaan pada Perlintasan Sebidang Kereta Api DAOP VII Madiun." Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTRANSLOG) 1, no. 1 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.54324/j.mtl.v1i1.1351.

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The study aims to find the most suitable regression model of railroad level crossings accident data to obtain factors significantly affect the number of fatalities in DAOP VII Madiun. The variables used were road width, right slope, left slope, train frequency, type of crossing, large kilometer angle of view, small kilometer angle of view, Early Warning System, road status, type of crossing gates, left and right caution sign, and rumble band markings. The study used comparing method between the results of the Poisson regression model and the Negative Binomial regression model. It is found that

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Kuo, Li-Yen, and Ming-Syan Chen. "Hierarchical Negative Binomial Factorization for Recommender Systems on Implicit Feedback." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 5 (2021): 4181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i5.16541.

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When exposed to an item in a recommender system, a user may consume it (known as success exposure) or neglect it (known as failure exposure). The recently proposed methods that consider both success and failure exposure merely regard failure exposure as a constant prior, thus being capable of neither modeling various user behavior nor adapting to overdispersed data. In this paper, we propose a novel model, hierarchical negative binomial factorization, which models data dispersion via a hierarchical Bayesian structure, thus alleviating the effect of data overdispersion to help with performance

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Shengwang, Meng, Yuan Wei, and G. A. Whitmore. "Accounting for Individual Over-Dispersion in a Bonus-Malus Automobile Insurance System." ASTIN Bulletin 29, no. 2 (1999): 327–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ast.29.2.504619.

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AbstractIndividual automobile insurance claims are characterized by over-dispersion relative to the Poisson model. In addition, claim propensities vary among individuals in any insurance portfolio. This paper presents a model which takes account of both characteristics. The model employs the negative-binomial distribution as the distribution for individual-level claims and a Pareto distribution as the distribution for claim propensities within the portfolio. The paper shows that the resulting model is tractable and has a number of attractive properties which make it suitable for this applicati

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Jamalian, Marjan, Vahid Shaygannejad, Morteza Sedehi, and Soleiman Kheiri. "Modeling the Number of Attacks in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Using Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Model." International Journal of Epidemiologic Research 7, no. 1 (2020): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijer.2020.03.

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Background and aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. The impact of the number of attacks on the disease is undeniable. The aim of this study was to analyze the number of attacks in these patients. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, the registered data of 1840 MS patients referred to the MS clinic of Ayatollah Kashani hospital in Isfahan were used. The number of attacks during the treatment period was defined as the response variable, age at diagnosis, sex, employment, level of education, marital status, family history, course of dis

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Ciurak, Patryk. "The relationship between the number of statutes coming into force and the number of regulations coming into force: Findings from empirical studies." Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 86, no. 4 (2024): 171–84. https://doi.org/10.14746/rpeis.2024.86.4.10.

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The aim of this paper is to empirically test the opinion, common in legislative practice, that there is a relationship between the number of statutes and the number of regulations, and to measure the strength and nature of this relationship, if it exists. The data used in the study were obtained from the Polish legal database System Informacji Prawnej Lex and were analysed using Spearman’s correlation and negative binomial regression methods. The results confirmed the existence of the abovementioned relationship, which can be described as strong and exponential. An equation was also formulated

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Mattison, Claire P., Laura E. Calderwood, Jordan E. Cates, et al. "Seasonality of medically attended norovirus gastroenteritis and its association with climatic factors within an US integrated healthcare system, 2016–2019." PLOS One 20, no. 5 (2025): e0318077. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318077.

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Background While acute gastroenteritis (AGE) occurs year-round, norovirus has a winter seasonality in the United States. Objective We analyzed norovirus seasonality within a US integrated healthcare delivery system from 2016–2019. Methods Electronic medical records were collected for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) encounters with specific ICD-9/10 codes or clinical stool testing. Norovirus percent positivity was calculated as the 8-week centered rolling average. Temperature and absolute humidity data were measured via weather station. The relationship between these factors and weekly norovirus ep

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Cao, Fei, and Nicholas F. Marshall. "From the binomial reshuffling model to Poisson distribution of money." Networks and Heterogeneous Media 19, no. 1 (2024): 24–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/nhm.2024002.

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<abstract><p>We present a novel reshuffling exchange model and investigate its long time behavior. In this model, two individuals are picked randomly, and their wealth $ X_i $ and $ X_j $ are redistributed by flipping a sequence of fair coins leading to a binomial distribution denoted $ B\circ (X_i+X_j) $. This dynamics can be considered as a natural variant of the so-called uniform reshuffling model in econophysics. May refer to Cao, Jabin and Motsch (2023), Dragulescu and Yakovenko (2000). As the number of individuals goes to infinity, we derive its mean-field limit, which links

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Ho, Jyh-Wen. "Quality Inspection Plan for Imperfect Production System with Assembly Configuration." Processes 8, no. 12 (2020): 1545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8121545.

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In this study, the model concerning a negative binomial sampling inspection plan is proposed and applied to an imperfect production system with assemble-to-order configuration, where the production system is subject to a Weibull deteriorating process and is operated under an in-control or an out-of-control state. The proposed model of this study contributes to developing an approach which can effectively integrate the considerations of the production system status, the defective rate, the working efficiency of employees, and the market demands with an aim to determine the optimal number of con

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Berrada, Kamal, Sayed Abdel-Khalek, Mariam Algarni, and Hichem Eleuch. "Entanglement and Fisher Information for Atoms–Field System in the Presence of Negative Binomial States." Entropy 24, no. 12 (2022): 1817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24121817.

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We developed a quantum scheme of two atoms (TAs) and field initially in a negative binomial state (NBS). We displayed and discussed the physical implications of the obtained results in terms of the physical parameters of the model. By considering that the TAs were initially prepared in a maximally entangled state, and that the single-mode field was in the NBS, the dynamics of quantum phenomena such TAs–field entanglement, TAs entanglement, and parameter estimation were examined. We found that the quantum quantifiers exhibited randomly quasi-periodic and periodic oscillations that depended on t

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Marliana, Reny Rian, and Septiadi Padmadisastra. "POISSON REGRESSION OF DAMAGE PRODUCT SALES USING MCMC." Indonesian Journal of Statistics and Its Applications 2, no. 1 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/ijsa.v2i1.53.

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In this paper a model for the number of “damage” product sales is studied. The product sales are run into underreporting counts, caused by a delay on input process of the system called sales cycle. The goal of the study is to estimate the parameters of the regression model of product sales on an explanatory variable. It is the actual number of product sales. The model used is a mixture of the Poisson and the Binomial distributions. The parameters of the regression model are estimated by a Bayesian approach and Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation using Gibbs sampling algorithm. The results of e

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Khairul Anuar, Nurul Anis Ayuni, Humaida Banu Samsudin, and Noriza Majid. "Impact of Haze Event on Daily Admission of Respiratory System Patients in Peninsular Malaysia." Sains Malaysiana 52, no. 10 (2023): 2985–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5210-19.

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Diseases of the respiratory system, especially in children and the elderly, are significantly related to air pollution. Exposure to air pollution has led to an increase in the number of patients who need hospital treatment. The purpose of this study was to learn about the effects of changes in the levels of major pollutant components on the number of daily hospital admissions of respiratory system patients. The generalised linear lag model is used in this study to demonstrate the lag structure of the exposure-response impacts. The results show that particulate matter (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (

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Kim, Hee-Young. "Applications of the Conway-Maxwell-Poisson Hidden Markov models for analyzing traffic accident." Korean Data Analysis Society 24, no. 5 (2022): 1655–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.37727/jkdas.2022.24.5.1655.

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This paper documents the application of the Conway-Maxwell-Poisson(CMP) hidden Markov model for modelling motor vehicle crashes. The CMP distribution is a twoparameter extension of the Poisson distribution that generalizes some well-known discrete distributions(Poisson, Bernoulli and geometric). Also it leads to the generalizations of distributions derived from theses discrete distributions, that is, the binomial and negative binomial distributions. The advantage of CMP distribution is its ability to handle both under and over-dispersion through controlling one special parameter in the distrib

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Hajek, André, and Hans-Helmut König. "Determinants of Outpatient Physician Visits in the General Adult German Population during Later Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic." Healthcare 10, no. 6 (2022): 1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10061025.

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The goal of this study was to investigate the determinants of outpatient physician visits in Germany during the later stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cross-sectional data were used from the general adult population in Germany with n = 3091 individuals (data collection in mid-March 2022). Determinants were selected based on the extended Andersen model. The number of GP visits as well as the number of specialist visits in the past 12 months were used as outcome measures. Negative binomial regressions showed that the number of GP visits was positively associated with a lower educational level, b

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Litvinov, Anatoliy, Dmytro Chumachenko, Nataliia Dotsenko, Iryna Kadykova, and Igor Chumachenko. "Enhancing Healthcare Provision in Conflict Zones: Queuing System Models for Mobile and Flexible Medical Care Units with a Limited Number of Treatment Stations." International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science 16, no. 4 (2024): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijitcs.2024.04.07.

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We address the challenge of optimizing the interaction between medical personnel and treatment stations within mobile and flexible medical care units (MFMCUs) in conflict zones. For the analysis of such systems, a closed queuing model with a finite number of treatment stations has been developed, which accounts for the possibility of performing multiple tasks for a single medical service request. Under the assumption of Poisson event flows, a system of integro-differential equations for the probability densities of the introduced states has been compiled. To solve it, the method of discrete bi

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Głąbowski, Mariusz, Maciej Stasiak, and Joanna Weissenberg. "Properties of Recurrent Equations for the Full-Availability Group with BPP Traffic." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/547909.

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The paper proposes a formal derivation of recurrent equations describing the occupancy distribution in the full-availability group with multirate Binomial-Poisson-Pascal (BPP) traffic. The paper presents an effective algorithm for determining the occupancy distribution on the basis of derived recurrent equations and for the determination of the blocking probability as well as the loss probability of calls of particular classes of traffic offered to the system. A proof of the convergence of the iterative process of estimating the average number of busy traffic sources of particular classes is a

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Eied, A. A. "Emission spectrum for a multi-photon Ξ-type three-level atom driven by a binomial field with nonlinearities". Canadian Journal of Physics 93, № 11 (2015): 1375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2014-0602.

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A treatment of a multi-photon Ξ-type three-level atom interacting with a single-mode field in a cavity, taking explicitly the existence of forms of nonlinearities of both the field and the intensity-dependent atom–field coupling into account. Analytical expressions of the emission spectrum are presented using the dressed states of the system. The characteristics of the emission spectrum, considering the field to be initially in a binomial state, are exhibited. The effects of the photon multiplicities, mean number of photons, detuning, and the nonlinearities on the spectrum are investigated.

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Sosa, M. A., and J. M. Blagburn. "Competitive interactions between supernumerary and normal sensory neurons in the cockroach are mediated through a change in quantal content and not quantal size." Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 4 (1995): 1573–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.4.1573.

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1. The final steps in synapse formation and stabilization involve the adjustment of strength of connections through competitive interactions between neurons contacting a common target. The mechanisms underlying this competition-driven adjustment of synaptic strength are not well understood. We have studied one aspect of this phenomenon using the cercal sensory system of first instar cockroach nymphs. 2. Quantal analysis of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) recorded at the synapse between the lateral filiform hair sensory neuron (L) and giant interneuron 3 (GI3) was carried out to dete

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Yang, Sa, Suoping Li, Nana Yang, and Ying Lin. "Modelling Analysis of a Novel Frameless Slotted-ALOHA Protocol Based on the Number of Detectable Conflicting Users." Future Internet 14, no. 10 (2022): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi14100279.

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To solve the conflict when multi-user packets are transmitted in a shared wireless link, a novel frameless slotted-ALOHA protocol is proposed. Signature codes are used to help the receiver identify the set of transmitting users, and successive interference cancellation technology is employed to recover conflicting packets. Thus, the information in the conflicting slot can be reused to reduce the number of retransmissions. Taking the number of backlogged users in each slot as a system state, a Markov chain model is established to analyze the protocol, in which the state transition probabilities

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Leslie, Nandi O., Richard E. Harang, Lawrence P. Knachel, and Alexander Kott. "Statistical models for the number of successful cyber intrusions." Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology 15, no. 1 (2017): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548512917715342.

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We propose several generalized linear models (GLMs) to predict the number of successful cyber intrusions (or “intrusions”) into an organization’s computer network, where the rate at which intrusions occur is a function of the following observable characteristics of the organization: (i) domain name system (DNS) traffic classified by their top-level domains (TLDs); (ii) the number of network security policy violations; and (iii) a set of predictors that we collectively call the “cyber footprint” that is comprised of the number of hosts on the organization’s network, the organization’s similarit

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OBADA, A. S. F., A. A. EIED та G. M. ABD AL-KADER. "ENTANGLEMENT OF A GENERAL FORMALISM Ξ-TYPE THREE-LEVEL ATOM INTERACTING WITH A SINGLE-MODE FIELD IN THE PRESENCE OF NONLINEARITIES". International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, № 09 (2009): 2269–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209052224.

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We investigate the evolution of the atomic quantum entropy and the atom-field entanglement in a system of a Ξ-configuration three-level atom interacting with a single-mode field with additional forms of nonlinearities of both the field and the intensity-dependent atom-field coupling. With the derivation of the unitary operator within the frame of the dressed state and the exact results for the state of the system, we perform a careful investigation of the temporal evolution of the entropy. A factorization of the initial density operator is assumed, considering the field to be initially in a sq

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OBADA, A. S. F., A. A. EIED та G. M. ABD AL-KADER. "ENTANGLEMENT OF A GENERAL FORMALISM Λ-TYPE THREE-LEVEL ATOM INTERACTING WITH A SINGLE-MODE FIELD IN THE PRESENCE OF NONLINEARITIES". International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, № 15 (2009): 3241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209052807.

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We investigate the evolution of the atomic quantum entropy and the atom–field entanglement in a system of a Λ-configuration three-level atom interacting with a single-mode field with additional forms of nonlinearities of both the field and the intensity-dependent atom–field coupling. With the derivation of the unitary operator within the frame of the dressed state and the exact results for the state of the system, we perform a careful investigation of the temporal evolution of the entropy. A factorization of the initial density operator is assumed, considering the field to be initially in a sq

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Chen, Chien-Chou, Guo-Jun Lo, and Ta-Chien Chan. "Spatial Analysis on Supply and Demand of Adult Surgical Masks in Taipei Metropolitan Areas in the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11 (2022): 6704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116704.

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This study aimed to assess the gap between the supply and demand of adult surgical masks under limited resources. Owing to the implementation of the real-name mask rationing system, the historical inventory data of aggregated mask consumption in a pharmacy during the early period of the COVID-19 outbreak (April and May 2020) in Taiwan were analyzed for supply-side analysis. We applied the Voronoi diagram and areal interpolation methods to delineate the average supply of customer counts from a pharmacy to a village (administrative level). On the other hand, the expected number of demand counts

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Forster, Yannick, Frederik Naujoks, and Andreas Keinath. "How Many Participants Are Required for Validation of Automated Vehicle Interfaces in User Studies?" Information 12, no. 10 (2021): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12100410.

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Empirical validation and verification procedures require the sophisticated development of research methodology. Therefore, researchers and practitioners in human–machine interaction and the automotive domain have developed standardized test protocols for user studies. These protocols are used to evaluate human–machine interfaces (HMI) for driver distraction or automated driving. A system or HMI is validated in regard to certain criteria that it can either pass or fail. One important aspect is the number of participants to include in the study and the respective number of potential failures con

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Meyer, John S., Eric Cosatto, and Hans Peter Graf. "Mitotic Index of Invasive Breast Carcinoma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 133, no. 11 (2009): 1826–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/133.11.1826.

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Abstract Context.—Mitotic figure counts are related to breast cancer behavior but have not been sufficiently reproducible to be accepted for clinical decision-making. Objective.—To improve reproducibility and accuracy of the mitotic count. Design.—Mitotic index (MI) was defined as the mitotic cell count per 10 high-power fields (HPFs), an area 0.183 mm2. Two to 6 replicate sets of 10 HPFs were counted from 328 invasive breast carcinomas. Standard errors and coefficients of variation for mean MI were compared with expected results predicted by the binomial distribution. Results.—The boundaries

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V., Pekareva, Pechersky D., and Frolovskaya Yu. "Analysis of the Epistemological Potential of Critical Thinking at the Present Stage of the Educational Model." Bulletin of Science and Practice 10, no. 11 (2024): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/108/50.

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The central focus of our study is the issue of the significance of critical thinking in the system of educational paradigm. The primary goal set by the authors within the framework of the article is the definition of critical thinking of the surrounding reality both at the theoretical and practical levels of knowledge approbation. Essential emphasis in the work is made on the directions of integrative education, didactic approach to understanding the educational system, consideration of species and genus segments of critical thinking, designation of interactive technologies in the dynamics of

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Zhang, Gupeng, Libin Xiong, Xiao Wang, Jianing Dong, and Hongbo Duan. "Artificial selection versus natural selection: Which causes the Matthew effect of science funding allocation in China?" Science and Public Policy 47, no. 3 (2020): 434–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scaa024.

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Abstract To investigate either artificial or natural selection leads to the Matthew effect in the science funding allocation and its consequences, this study retrieves 274,732 publications by Chinese scientists from the Web of Science and examines how the disparity of science funding determines scientists’ research performance. We employ the Negative Binomial Model and other models to regress the publication’s citation times, which measures the research performance, on the number of funding grants and their amounts of currency that the publication receives, which measures the disparity of scie

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Sinta Asanah and Aceng Komarudin Mutaqin. "PENERAPAN METODE MULTIVARIATE CREDIBILITY BONUS MALUS PREMIUM PADA DATA ASURANSI KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI INDONESIA." Premium Insurance Business Journal 10, no. 2 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35904/premium.v10i2.52.

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Abstrak: Pada penelitian ini akan dibahas mengenai perhitungan premi berdasarkan sistem bonus malus dengan metode multivariate credibility bonus malus premium menggunakan model trivariat yang membedakan besar klaim menjadi tiga jenis klaim yaitu besar klaim yang tinggi, besar klaim yang sedang, dan besar klaim yang rendah. Parameter model trivariat ditaksir menggunakan metode penaksiran kemungkinan maksimum. Distribusi untuk frekuensi klaim adalah distribusi binomial negatif dengan distribusi dasarnya yaitu distribusi Poisson. Sedangkan, penjumlahan kategori besar klaim untuk satu polis dimode

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Azad, Abdulhafedh. "Incorporating Zero-Inflated Poisson (ZIP) Regression Model in Crash Frequency Analysis." International Journal of Novel Research in Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 1 (2023): 6–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7632596.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> This paper addresses the Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression model as an effective way to handle the excess zeros that usually exist in vehicle crash data and to allow for possible overdispersion in the data. The ZIP model is based on a zero-inflated probability distribution, that allows for frequent zero-valued observations. When the number of zeros is large that the data do not fit standard distributions (e.g., normal, Poisson, binomial, negative-binomial, and beta), the data is referred to as zero inflated. A dual state crash system is assumed in the ZIP model,

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Moumeesri, Adisak, and Tippatai Pongsart. "Bonus-Malus Premiums Based on Claim Frequency and the Size of Claims." Risks 10, no. 9 (2022): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks10090181.

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The bonus-malus system (BMS) is one of the most widely used tools in merit-rating automobile insurance, with the primary goal of ensuring that fair premiums are paid by all policyholders. The traditional BMS is dependent only on the claim frequency. Thus, an insured person who makes a claim with a small severity is penalized unfairly compared to an individual who makes a large severity claim. This study proposes a model for estimating the bonus-malus premium by employing a limit value (monetary unit) which distinguishes claim size into small and large based on claim frequency and claim severit

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Nadanovsky, Paulo, Roger Keller Celeste, Margo Wilson, and Martin Daly. "Homicide and impunity: an ecological analysis at state level in Brazil." Revista de Saúde Pública 43, no. 5 (2009): 733–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102009000500001.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess a new impunity index and variables that have been found to predict variation in homicide rates in other geographical levels as predictive of state-level homicide rates in Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional ecological study. Data from the mortality information system relating to the 27 Brazilian states for the years 1996 to 2005 were analyzed. The outcome variables were taken to be homicide victim rates in 2005, for the entire population and for men aged 20-29 years. Measurements of economic and social development, economic inequality, demographic structure and lif

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Khan, Inam Ullah, Asrin Abdollahi, Ryan Alturki, et al. "Intelligent Detection System Enabled Attack Probability Using Markov Chain in Aerial Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (September 9, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1542657.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) plays an important role to connect people, data, processes, and things. From linked supply chains to big data produced by a large number of IoT devices to industrial control systems where cybersecurity has become a critical problem in IoT-powered systems. Denial of Service (DoS), distributed denial of service (DDoS), and ping of death attacks are significant threats to flying networks. This paper presents an intrusion detection system (IDS) based on attack probability using the Markov chain to detect flooding attacks. While the paper includes buffer queue length by

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Savonik, O. M. "Interval estimation of reliability indices from the results of complex system component tests." Technical mechanics 2023, no. 1 (2023): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/itm2023.01.105.

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The goal of this work is to find the lower estimate of the no-failure probability (NFP) of a complex monotonic nonrecoverable system from the results of independent binomial tests of its components. Using the general-and-probabilistic method, the NFP is considered as a probability function polynomial, which is a linear homogeneous polynomial in each of the S variables where S is the number of system component types. Based on the method of confidence sets, the NFP lower estimate is found as the minimum of a function of an unknown multidimensional parameter at a probability of the aggregate test

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Blackwell, Melanie, Angelos Pagoulatos, Wuyang Hu, and Katharine Auchter. "Recreational Demand for Equestrian Trail-Riding." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 38, no. 2 (2009): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500003221.

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Using data collected from a combination of on-site and on-line surveys, this study examines recreational demand for equestrian trail-riding in Kentucky. A truncated, negative binomial regression is applied to analyze individuals’ visitation behavior consistent with a travel cost model. Results suggest that distance is the most significant determinant of average annual visits to a particular site. Various trail site characteristics, such as trail length, scenic overlooks, and trail markers, affect the number of visits an individual takes. Geographic information system (GIS) analysis permits the

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Utomo, Djoko Prijo, Prasetyaning Diah Rizky Lestari, Sucipto Sucipto, and Asep Yayat Nurhidayat. "IMPACT OF THE JAKARTA - SURABAYA HIGH - SPEED TRAIN ON PASSENGERS OF THE JAKARTA - SURABAYA EXECUTIVE TRAIN CORRIDOR." Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri 14, no. 1 (2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/mipi.v14i1.3897.

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Due to the increasing demand for travel by train in recent years, the large potential number of passengers in Jakarta - Surabaya corridor needs to be anticipated with adequate transportation system planning so that the bottlenecks on available transportation network system can be minimized. This paper analyses the potential competition between the demand of executive passenger train and Jakarta-Surabaya high-speed train which will be built by the Government as planned. This study only use travel time variables and ticket rates as independent variables between executive passenger train and high

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