Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bio-acoustics

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Bio-acoustics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Bio-acoustics"

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Holliday, D. V., P. L. Donaghay, C. F. Greenlaw, J. M. Napp, and J. M. Sullivan. "High-frequency acoustics and bio-optics in ecosystems research." ICES Journal of Marine Science 66, no. 6 (May 8, 2009): 974–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp127.

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Abstract Holliday, D. V., Donaghay, P. L., Greenlaw, C. F., Napp, J. M., and Sullivan, J. M. 2009. High-frequency acoustics and bio-optics in ecosystems research. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 974–980. The propagation of light and sound in the ocean’s interior is modified by the presence of phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish, gas bubbles, and dissolved and suspended material. Information is encoded in the levels and spectral characteristics of acoustic and optical scattering and absorption. Using acoustics and optics allows us to study the distribution of marine life and learn about ecosystem-relevant processes. Two studies are highlighted. In the first, multifrequency, upward-looking echosounders deployed near autonomous, bio-optical profilers were used to track vertical migration and the formation and size structure of <1 m thick, zooplankton layers in relation to the biomass and size structure of thin phytoplankton layers. In the second, a multifrequency sonar was used to track the temporal (seasonal) evolution of zooplankton biomass and size structure in the Bering Sea at intervals of 20 min. This paper focuses on how advanced technologies are being used to observe processes, distributions, and behaviour of marine life that have, until now, been hidden, as it were, from biological oceanographers.
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Petersen, Dick, Antoine David, and Darren Jurevicius. "Methodology for environmental impact assessment of underwater noise on marine mammals." APPEA Journal 51, no. 1 (2011): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj10030.

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The oil and gas industry uses some exploration and production technologies that produce high levels of underwater sound, such as seismic surveys, underwater blasting for demolition and construction, and offshore piling. These underwater noise sources have the potential to impact marine species, which are usually reliant on sound instead of light as their primary sense for communication and sensing their environment. Regulatory interest in minimising the impacts of underwater noise on marine fauna is increasing. This paper presents a methodology for assessing these environmental impacts, with particular focus on cetaceans (whales and dolphins) and pinnipeds (seals and sea lions), although it can easily be adapted to other marine mammal species and fishes. It requires input from a variety of fields, such as: underwater acoustics for sound propagation modelling and source noise characterisation; marine bio-acoustics for determining the effects of sound on marine species’ hearing and communication; and marine ecology for identifying the marine species that may be affected and assessing the biological importance of noise-affected marine areas. These inputs are used in a risk assessment to assess the likely impacts of underwater noise on marine species, which is a collaborative effort by specialists in the fields of underwater acoustics, marine bio-acoustics and marine ecology.
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Goncharov, V. V., A. G. Ostrovskii, S. A. Sviridov, A. N. Serebryanyi, E. E. Khimchenko, and T. I. Tsyplakova. "XVII LEONID BREKHOVSKIKH SCHOOL ON OCEAN ACOUSTICS." Journal of Oceanological Research 48, no. 4 (December 18, 2020): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29006/1564-2291.jor-2020.48(4).7.

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The short communication presents the results of the 17th School on Ocean Acoustics known as “L.M. Brekhovskikh School-Seminar” held online from October 19 to 23, 2020. The conference was combined with the XXXIII session of the Russian Acoustic Society. The conference was attended by 138 researchers from 25 research institutes form Russia, Abkhazia, Israel, USA, and Taiwan. Leading scientists gave 6 lectures. 59 oral and poster presentations were presented focusing on topical scientific and technical subjects: acoustic oceanology, sound propagation in the ocean, sound scattering and reflection, engineering, and signal processing, as well as bio-, geo- and atmospheric acoustics.
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Zhang, Sunan, Jianyan Tian, Amit Banerjee, and Jiangli Li. "Automatic Recognition of Porcine Abnormalities Based on a Sound Detection and Recognition System." Transactions of the ASABE 62, no. 6 (2019): 1755–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12975.

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Abstract. With the rapid development of large-scale breeding, manual long-term monitoring of the daily activities and health of livestock is costly and time-consuming. Therefore, the application of bio-acoustics to automatic monitoring has received increasing attention. Although bio-acoustical techniques have been applied to the recognition of animal sounds in many studies, there is a dearth of studies on the automatic recognition of abnormal sounds from farm animals. In this study, an automatic detection and recognition system based on bio-acoustics is proposed to hierarchically recognize abnormal animal states in a large-scale pig breeding environment. In this system, we extracted the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) and subband spectrum centroid (SSC) as composite feature parameters. At the first level, support vector data description (SVDD) is used to detect abnormal sounds in the acoustic data. At the second level, a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) is used to classify five kinds of abnormal sounds in pigs. Furthermore, improved spectral subtraction is developed to reduce the noise interference as much as possible. Experimental results show that the average detection accuracy and the average recognition accuracy of the proposed system are 94.2% and 95.4%, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed sound detection and recognition system was also verified through tests at a pig farm. Keywords: Abnormal sounds, MFCC, SSC, States of pigs, SVDD.
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Hendrych, Tomáš, and Alois Hynek. "The acoustic typology of landscape." Geografie 113, no. 2 (2008): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2008113020183.

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Landscape acoustics is nothing new for zoologists - their research is well known. However, other landscape specialists, including geographers, prefer to visualize landscape both in material and spiritual concepts. At the same time, landscape is a source and a consumer of sound and environmentalists emphasize the role of noise in it from the point of environmental pollution. Landscape acoustics could be intended on diffraction, refraction, reflection, interference and absorption of sound in landscape produced by various agents, e.g. animals, humans, water, electricity etc. Landscape acts as modulator, music body in the style of hard/art/punk rock bands of geo/bio physical anthropogenous origin from a quiet landscape via natural beauty echo to silence in landscape. Maybe silence is the target of many urban residents searching it in rural landscape. The Czech debate on landscape character could include the issue of landscape acoustics. Cultural geographers are welcome.
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Riccobene, Giorgio. "The Positioning system for KM3NeT." EPJ Web of Conferences 207 (2019): 07005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920707005.

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The paper describes the implementation of a hybrid positioning system based on tilt and compass sensors, integrated into an electronic board, and an acoustic positioning system to be installed aboard KM3NeT. The acoustic system will be capable to fulfil detector relative and absolute positioning, to provide data for cross-fertilisation with Earth and Sea science (bio-acoustics and environmental monitoring) and to allow studies for neutrino acoustic detection. Tilt and Compass boards installed in each optical module provide information about the DOM orientation.
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A G, Nibesh, and Jebakani D. "Experimental Analysis on Acoustic, Vibration and Moisture Absorption Properties of Natural Bio-Polymer Composite." Journal of Manufacturing Engineering 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 024–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37255/jme.v16i1pp024-028.

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Composites Materials- Aircraft, Ship, Automobile. Their most attractive properties are the high strength-to-weight ratio. Polymer composites are used because overall properties of the composites are superior to those of the individual polymers. The natural bio-resin are prepared from neem and Thennamarakudi oil with the concept of polyester resin. The reinforcement is screw pine fibre and fish scale fibre. The aim of this experimental study has targeted to investigate the vibration damping, sound absorption and moisture absorption of reinforced polyester resin polymer composites. The specimen fabricated are naturally bio-degradable and eco-friendly to environment because the resin and fibre are natural ingredients. Mainly to avoid all types of pollution. The laminated specimens were fabricate using hand lay-up technique and the specimens are subjected to the investigated as per the ASTM standards. The Moisture absorption test, Vibration test, Acoustics test were carried out on the laminated specimen to determine their properties.
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Zambon, Giovanni, Alessandro Bisceglie, Chiara Confalonieri, Silvia Lavorano, and Roberto Benocci. "Acoustic survey at Genova (Italy) Aquarium aiming at characterizing the acoustic of tropical marine environment." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 3459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2411.

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An acoustics survey has been performed at Genova (Italy) Aquarium aiming at characterizing the acoustic environment of tropical underwater habitats. Mid-term (5-7 days) and short-term measurements (10-20 min) within different fish tanks containing tropical habitats have been chosen for a preliminary analysis. Eco-acoustic indices and statistical-related acoustic indices have been applied to derive information on the population activity and determine the bio-acoustic richness. Such approach will be used to compare environments with different degree of disturbance and derive information on the environmental quality of both artificial and natural habitats
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Rokkonen, Teijo, Pia Willberg-Keyriläinen, Jarmo Ropponen, and Tero Malm. "Foamability of Cellulose Palmitate Using Various Physical Blowing Agents in the Extrusion Process." Polymers 13, no. 15 (July 23, 2021): 2416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13152416.

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Polymer foams are widely used in several fields such as thermal insulation, acoustics, automotive, and packaging. The most widely used polymer foams are made of polyurethane, polystyrene, and polyethylene but environmental awareness is boosting interest towards alternative bio-based materials. In this study, the suitability of bio-based thermoplastic cellulose palmitate for extrusion foaming was studied. Isobutane, carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogen (N2) were tested as blowing agents in different concentrations. Each of them enabled cellulose palmitate foam formation. Isobutane foams exhibited the lowest density with the largest average cell size and nitrogen foams indicated most uniform cell morphology. The effect of die temperature on foamability was further studied with isobutane (3 wt%) as a blowing agent. Die temperature had a relatively low impact on foam density and the differences were mainly encountered with regard to surface quality and cell size distribution. This study demonstrates that cellulose palmitate can be foamed but to produce foams with greater quality, the material homogeneity needs to be improved and researched further.
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Ahmad, Mansoor, Ayhan Bozkurt, and Omid Farhanieh. "Evaluation of acoustic-based particle separation methods." World Journal of Engineering 16, no. 6 (December 2, 2019): 823–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-06-2019-0167.

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Purpose This paper aims to Separation and sorting of biological cells is desirable in many applications for analyzing cell properties, such as disease diagnostics, drugs delivery, chemical processing and therapeutics. Design/methodology/approach Acoustic energy-based bioparticle separation is a simple, viable, bio-compatible and contact-less technique using, which can separate the bioparticles based on their density and size, with-out labeling the sample particles. Findings Conventionally available bioparticle separation techniques as fluorescence and immunomagnetic may cause a serious threat to the life of the cells due to various compatibility issues. Moreover, they also require an extra pre-processing labeling step. Contrarily, label-free separation can be considered as an alternative solution to the traditional bio-particle separation methods, due to their simpler operating principles and lower cost constraints. Acoustic based particle separation methods have captured a lot of attention among the other reported label-free particle separation techniques because of the numerous advantages it offers. Practical implications This study tries to briefly cover the developments of different acoustic-based particle separation techniques over the years. Unlike the conventional surveys on general bioparticles separation, this study is focused particularly on the acoustic-based particle separation. The study would provide a comprehensive guide for the future researchers especially working in the field of the acoustics, in studying and designing the acoustic-based particle separation techniques. Originality/value The study insights a brief theory of different types of acoustic waves and their interaction with the bioparticles is considered, followed by acoustic-based particle separation devices reported till the date. The integration of acoustic-based separation techniques with other methods and with each other is also discussed. Finally, all major aspects like the approach, and productivity, etc., of the adopted acoustic particle separation methods are sketched in this article.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bio-acoustics"

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Dahlheim, Marilyn Elayne. "Bio-acoustics of the gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28660.

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Gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus), while engaged in underwater signalling, circumvent noise in the acoustical channel by the structure and timing of their calls. Data yielding this conclusion were collected during an acoustical study on gray whales and their habitats (1981-1984). Sonographic analyses of tape recordings were used to quantify the acoustical repertoire, the ambient noise characteristics of the area, and the relationship between the animals' calls and the environment. The acoustical responses of whales to artificially increased levels of noise were documented during playback experimentation in Mexico. Nine sound parameters were inspected and compared between control and experimental conditions: calling rates, call types, frequency range of signals (Hz), emphasized frequencies (Hz), received levels of sounds (dB re 1 μPa), call duration (sec), percentage of calls exhibiting frequency modulation, number of pulses per series, and repetition rates of signals. The observed surface behavior of gray whales in response to noise (i.e., dive durations, movements and abundance) was also investigated. Analyses yielded: a description of gray whale call types; a characterization of the acoustical habitats occupied by this species, including a list of sources contributing to the ambient noise and a profile of the propagation characteristics of the study area; a determination of the relationship between whale calls and their habitats; and the acoustical capabilities and strategies of whales in response to noise. The plasticity observed in the overall behavior of this whale is of adaptive significance when considering the dynamic nature of noise in the environment. Typically, the multiple strategies employed by the whales when faced with various noise situations enable them to minimize the detrimental effect that noise has on their underwater signalling. Gray whale responses varied with the sound source and may also differ relative to the geographical range and/or general behavior of the animal. It is concluded that ambient noise (both natural and man-made) has a profound effect on the behavior of this coastal species and that acoustical calling is modified to optimize signal transmission and reception.
Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
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Sturtivant, Christopher R. "Extraction and recognition of tonal sounds produced by small cetaceans and identification of individuals." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1997. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6761.

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The by-catch of small cetaceans in fishing nets has been identified as a widespread problem, but attempts to reduce this require an understanding of the way these animals behave around the nets. One of the problems with assessing changes in behaviour between encounters is the difficulty of identifying individuals. Acoustic identification techniques overcome some of the problems associated with visual ID, and field research has shown that the presence of a sonobuoy and hydrophone have no effect on dolphin behaviour in the field. Dolphins produce whistles that can be used for identification, although current theory suggests these identify small groups rather than individuals. Novel algorithms have been developed to detect and process these tonal whistles, and their characteristic time-frequency-intensity contours extracted from the raw signals. Feature extraction techniques were developed for the contours based on timefrequency 'shape' of the contours, allowing a syntactic pattern recognition approach based around hidden Markov modelling to be employed for classification. The algorithms have enabled the whistles from concurrent whistles to be separated and analysed. Contours of 101 wild bottlenose dolphin whistles were successfully characterised. Analysis of the resulting classes indicated one group occurring only once and two other groups occurred twice but on different days. Another study was conducted of three groups of common dolphin, with a total of 49 recorded whistles analysed. The first group was found to contain whistles significantly different to either of the other two, although neither similarity nor dissimilarity could be inferred on the second and third. Further analysis suggested there were indeed two separate groups of dolphins for the last two groups, but that there was a period of overlap in their recording. A significant difference could be found between them once certain classes were re-assigned. It should be possible to apply these same techniques to a wider range of odontocete species, since most of those studied have been found to exhibit similar whistles. The tasks of whistle detection, isolation, and encoding can be applied automatically by computer with no loss of identity information, and these encoded contours can subsequently be quantitatively classified by their shape.
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Sutlive, Joseph Vinson. "Biomimetic sonar design and the investigation of the role of peripheral dynamics for target classification in bat biosonar." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101531.

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The biosonar system of bats has many unique adaptations which allow for navigation in extremely cluttered environments. One such adaptation is the rapid motion of the pinna and noseleaf observed in certain families of old-world bats (Rhinolophidae and Hipposiderae). Little is known about the physical properties about this adaptation affects emitted pulses or incoming echoes. To explore the physical properties of biosonar systems utilizing dynamic peripheries, biomimetic sonar systems have been devised, which can be used to simulate the structural characteristics of the pinna and noseleaf geometry as well as the motor characteristics. Using this method, it was determined that the changing conformations of the biomimetic baffles were responsible for time-variant signatures in echoes. These signatures could be seen in echoes from a variety of both simple and complex target shapes. Then to further the capabilities of the device, an improved actuation system was devised using pneumatic actuation. This allowed for the baffles to make several unique motions as opposed to being restricted to one previously. It was also shown that the distinct motion profiles of the system led to distinct differences in the received acoustic signal. The features encoded by this system could lead to improvements in the development of improved sensing of smaller autonomous systems. GRANT INFORMATION This work was supported by grants from the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and the Naval Engineering Education Consortium (NEEC). Additional support was provided by an East Asia and Pacific Summer Institutes (EAPSI) fellowship from the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Doctor of Philosophy
Bats are known for using echolocation in addition to sight for hunting and navigating at night. The capabilities of bats and their ``sonar'' systems vary widely, as each species has evolved to survive in its specific environment. Certain species of bats indigenous to Eurasia are observed to perform complex motions of the outer ear and noseleaf (a ridged structure which sits atop the nostrils and acts like a ``megaphone'' of sorts). These bats are noted to be able to live in particularly cluttered environments and could be a particularly useful model organism for improving sonar. This is because since they are able to acquire detailed information about its surroundings with only their nostrils and ears, are able to outperform complicated man-made devices with thousands more sensing elements. To be able to better understand how a fast-moving ear and noseleaf can improve the sonar capabilities of bats, robots which mimic these bats have been devised, with the main purpose being to replicate the sensing elements of the bat. There have been significant changes made to the robotic sonar head in order to allow for us to expand the capabilities of our research. Using CT-scans as reference, the design of the baffles was redesigned to become more realistic and to have more features observed in the bats. A new method was designed in order to move the ``ears'' and ``noseleaf'' of the robot, using pneumatic actuators, which allowed for better control of the system. Finally, prototype sensors were developed to aid in the development of a motion feedback system to ensure a stable system. The robotic sonar has been used in several experiments to study the effects of a fast-moving, flexible anatomy on the physical properties of echoes. This is first illustrated by studying the echoes from various targets with changes in ear and noseleaf shape. Additionally, with the use of the improved actuation system, it was shown that different motion profiles lead to different responses. The continued development of this system and the changes to the signals explored provide new opportunities for furthering the fields of adaptive sensing as they apply to robots and other platforms. Being able to use a few ``smart'' sensors will help reduce the size, power, and weight costs of traditional sensing designs and allow for more robust and efficient technology to be produced.
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Wredh, Simon. "Neural Network Based Model Predictive Control of Turbulent Gas-Solid Corner Flow." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Signaler och system, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-420056.

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Over the past decades, attention has been brought to the importance of indoor air quality and the serious threat of bio-aerosol contamination towards human health. A novel idea to transport hazardous particles away from sensitive areas is to automatically control bio-aerosol concentrations, by utilising airflows from ventilation systems. Regarding this, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) may be employed to investigate the dynamical behaviour of airborne particles, and data-driven methods may be used to estimate and control the complex flow simulations. This thesis presents a methodology for machine-learning based control of particle concentrations in turbulent gas-solid flow. The aim is to reduce concentration levels at a 90 degree corner, through systematic manipulation of underlying two-phase flow dynamics, where an energy constrained inlet airflow rate is used as control variable. A CFD experiment of turbulent gas-solid flow in a two-dimensional corner geometry is simulated using the SST k-omega turbulence model for the gas phase, and drag force based discrete random walk for the solid phase. Validation of the two-phase methodology is performed against a backwards facing step experiment, with a 12.2% error correspondence in maximum negative particle velocity downstream the step. Based on simulation data from the CFD experiment, a linear auto-regressive with exogenous inputs (ARX) model and a non-linear ARX based neural network (NN) is used to identify the temporal relationship between inlet flow rate and corner particle concentration. The results suggest that NN is the preferred approach for output predictions of the two-phase system, with roughly four times higher simulation accuracy compared to ARX. The identified NN model is used in a model predictive control (MPC) framework with linearisation in each time step. It is found that the output concentration can be minimised together with the input energy consumption, by means of tracking specified target trajectories. Control signals from NN-MPC also show good performance in controlling the full CFD model, with improved particle removal capabilities, compared to randomly generated signals. In terms of maximal reduction of particle concentration, the NN-MPC scheme is however outperformed by a manually constructed sine signal. In conclusion, CFD based NN-MPC is a feasible methodology for efficient reduction of particle concentrations in a corner area; particularly, a novel application for removal of indoor bio-aerosols is presented. More generally, the results show that NN-MPC may be a promising approach to turbulent multi-phase flow control.
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Van, Hirtum Annemie. "Moderate Reynolds number flow. Application to the human upper airways." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00747213.

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The study of fluid flow is an amasingly ordinary as well as fascinating subject. During the past few years I had the opportunity to work as a researcher in the field of fluid flow modelling applied to airflow through the human upper airways and related phenomena such as speech production, . . . The current document is a brief report on the research to which I participated aiming a small contribution to this rich and stimulating research area.
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Rosario, Alexander Alvarez. "Sistema para monitoramento e análise de paisagens acústicas submarinas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3151/tde-14062016-103939/.

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O Monitoramento Acústico Passivo (PAM) submarino refere-se ao uso de sistemas de escuta e gravação subaquática, com o intuito de detectar, monitorar e identificar fontes sonoras através das ondas de pressão que elas produzem. Se diz que é passivo já que tais sistemas unicamente ouvem, sem perturbam o meio ambiente acústico existente, diferentemente de ativos, como os sonares. O PAM submarino tem diversas áreas de aplicação, como em sistemas de vigilância militar, seguridade portuária, monitoramento ambiental, desenvolvimento de índices de densidade populacional de espécies, identificação de espécies, etc. Tecnologia nacional nesta área é praticamente inexistente apesar da sua importância. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho visa contribuir com o desenvolvimento de tecnologia nacional no tema através da concepção, construção e operação de equipamento autônomo de PAM e de métodos de processamento de sinais para detecção automatizada de eventos acústicos submarinos. Foi desenvolvido um equipamento, nomeado OceanPod, que possui características como baixo custo de fabrica¸c~ao, flexibilidade e facilidade de configuração e uso, voltado para a pesquisa científica, industrial e para controle ambiental. Vários protótipos desse equipamento foram construídos e utilizados em missões no mar. Essas jornadas de monitoramento permitiram iniciar a criação de um banco de dados acústico, o qual permitiu fornecer a matéria prima para o teste de detectores de eventos acústicos automatizados e em tempo real. Adicionalmente também é proposto um novo método de detecção-identificação de eventos acústicos, baseado em análise estatística da representação tempo-frequência dos sinais acústicos. Este novo método foi testado na detecção de cetáceos, presentes no banco de dados gerado pelas missões de monitoramento.
Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) refers to the use of systems to listen and record underwater soundscape, in order to detect, track and identify sound sources through the pressure waves that they produce. It is said to be passive as these systems only hear, not put noise in the environment, such as sonars. Underwater PAM has various application areas, such as military surveillance systems, port security, environmental monitoring, development of population density rates of species, species identification, etc. National technology in the field is practically nonexistent despite its importance. In this context, this paper aims to contribute to the national technology development in the field by designing, building, and operating a self-contained PAM equipment, also developing signal-processing methods for automated detection of underwater acoustic events. A device, named \"OceanPod\"which has characteristics such as low manufacturing cost, flexibility and ease of setup and use, intended for scientific, industrial research and environmental control was developed. Several prototypes of the equipment were built and used in several missions at seawaters. These missions monitoring, enabled start creating an acoustic database, which provided the raw material for the automated acoustic events detectors and realtime test. Additionally, it is also proposed a new method of detecting, identifying sound events, based on statistical analysis of the time-frequency representation of the acoustic signals. This new method has been tested in the detection of cetaceans present in the database generated by missions monitoring.
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Venter, Petrus Jacobus. "Recording and automatic detection of African elephant (Loxodonta africana) infrasonic rumbles." Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28329.

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The value of studying elephant vocalizations lies in the abundant information that can be retrieved from it. Recordings of elephant rumbles can be used by researchers to determine the size and composition of the herd, the sexual state, as well as the emotional condition of an elephant. It is a difficult task for researchers to obtain large volumes of continuous recordings of elephant vocalizations. Recordings are normally analysed manually to identify the location of rumbles via the tedious and time consuming methods of sped up listening and the visual evaluation of spectrograms. The application of speech processing on elephant vocalizations is a highly unexploited resource. The aim of this study was to contribute to the current body of knowledge and resources of elephant research by developing a tool for recording high volumes of continuous acoustic data in harsh natural conditions as well as examining the possibilities of applying human speech processing techniques to elephant rumbles to achieve automatic detection of these rumbles in recordings. The recording tool was designed and implemented as an elephant recording collar that has an onboard data storage capacity of 128 gigabytes, enough memory to record sound data continuously for a period of nine months. Data is stored in the wave file format and the device has the ability to navigate and control the FAT32 file system so that the files can be read and downloaded to a personal computer. The collar also has the ability to stamp sound files with the time and date, ambient temperature and GPS coordinates. Several different options for microphone placement and protection have been tested experimentally to find an acceptable solution. A relevant voice activity detection algorithm was chosen as a base for the automatic detection of infrasonic elephant rumbles. The chosen algorithm is based on a robust pitch determination algorithm that has been experimentally verified to function correctly under a signal-to-noise ratio as low as -8 dB when more than four harmonic structures exist in a sound. The algorithm was modified to be used for elephant rumbles and was tested with previously recorded elephant vocalization data. The results obtained suggest that the algorithm can accurately detect elephant rumbles from recordings. The number of false alarms and undetected calls increase when recordings are contaminated with unwanted noise that contains harmonic structures or when the harmonic nature of a rumble is lost. Data obtained from the recording collar is less prone to being contaminated than far field recordings and the automatic detection algorithm should provide an accurate tool for detecting any rumbles that appear in the recordings.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering
unrestricted
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Vester, Heike Iris. "Vocal repertoires of two matrilineal social whale species Long-finned Pilot whales (Globicephala melas) & Killer whales (Orcinus orca) in northern Norway." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0023-3E3F-5.

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Books on the topic "Bio-acoustics"

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Ahmed, Al-Jumaily, and Alizad Azra, eds. Biomedical applications of vibration and acoustics in therapy, bio-effects, and modeling. New York: ASME Press, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bio-acoustics"

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Verboom, Willem C. "Bio-Acoustics: Standardization, Reference Levels and Data Notation for Underwater Sound Measurements." In Marine Mammal Sensory Systems, 741–51. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3406-8_46.

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Bansal, Anam, Naveen Aggarwal, Dinesh Vij, and Akashdeep Sharma. "An Off the Shelf CNN Features Based Approach for Vehicle Classification Using Acoustics." In Proceedings of the International Conference on ISMAC in Computational Vision and Bio-Engineering 2018 (ISMAC-CVB), 1163–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00665-5_110.

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Blondel, Ph. "Bio- and Fishery Acoustics." In Applied Underwater Acoustics, 809–55. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-811240-3.00012-6.

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Assous, Said, Mike Lovell, Laurie Linnett, David Gunn, Peter Jackson, and John Rees. "A Novel Bio-Inspired Acoustic Ranging Approach for a Better Resolution Achievement." In Underwater Acoustics. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/32924.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bio-acoustics"

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Kottege, Navinda, Frederieke Kroon, Raja Jurdak, and Dean Jones. "Classification of underwater broadband bio-acoustics using spectro-temporal features." In the Seventh ACM International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2398936.2398961.

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V Exadaktylos, S Ferrari, M D Silva, M Guarino, and D Berckmans. "A tool for labeling individual sounds from continuous recordings: An application to bio-acoustics." In 2009 Reno, Nevada, June 21 - June 24, 2009. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.27142.

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Xiang Li, Qiaofeng Jin, Tan Chen, Baoyue Zhang, Rongqin Zheng, Zhanhui Wang, and Hairong Zheng. "LyP-1 ultrasonic microbubbles targeting to cancer cell as tumor bio-acoustics markers or drug carriers: Targeting efficiency evaluation in, microfluidic channels." In 2009 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2009.5334473.

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Bellur, Ashwin, and Mounya Elhilali. "Bio-Mimetic Attentional Feedback in Music Source Separation." In ICASSP 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9054552.

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Qing, Xin, Donghu Nie, Gang Qiao, and Jiansheng Tang. "Dolphin bio-inspired transmitting waveform design for cognitive sonar and its performance analysis." In 2016 IEEE/OES China Ocean Acoustics (COA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/coa.2016.7535649.

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Qing, Xin, Donghu Nie, Gang Qiao, and Jiansheng Tang. "Classification for underwater small targets with different materials using bio-inspired Dolphin click." In 2016 IEEE/OES China Ocean Acoustics (COA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/coa.2016.7535697.

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Sargin, M. E., A. Altinok, K. Rose, and B. S. Manjunath. "Deformable trellis: open contour tracking in bio-image sequences." In ICASSP 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2008.4517671.

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Chen, Jianshu, and Ali H. Sayed. "Bio-inspired cooperative optimization with application to bacteria motility." In ICASSP 2011 - 2011 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2011.5947676.

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Zheng, Yuanjin, Fei Gao, and Xiaohua Feng. "Electromagnetic acoustics sensing and imaging for biomedical applications." In 2014 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on RF and Wireless Technologies for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications (IMWS-BIO). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imws-bio.2014.7032423.

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Mosanenzadeh, Shahrzad Ghaffari, Hani E. Naguib, Chul B. Park, and Noureddine Atalla. "Development of Bio-Based Foams With Improved Acoustic and Mechanical Performance." In ASME 2012 Noise Control and Acoustics Division Conference at InterNoise 2012. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ncad2012-1262.

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Abstract:
Interest in noise control has been growing in recent years and efforts are under way to improve the acoustic performance of existing sound absorbers and also to replace the non-recyclable ones with environmentally friendly materials. Present study describes the research on fabrication, improvement of acoustic absorption and enhancement of mechanical strength of bio-based open-cell foams. Through this study, highly porous open-cell Polylactide (PLA) foams were fabricated by a new fabrication method combining particulate leaching technique and compression molding. Foamed structures were fabricated with PLA and Polyethylene glycol (PEG) with salt as the particulate. Pore size of the foam was controlled by salt particulates and higher interconnectivity was achieved by the co-continuous blending morphology of PLA matrix with water-soluble PEG. As a result of novel secondary porous structure, acoustic performance of PLA foams was successfully improved. One issue with application of bio-based open-cell foams is the weak structure. To improve mechanical characteristics of PLA foams, different polymer composites of PLA and Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) were foamed and characterized in terms of acoustic performance, mechanical properties and foam morphology. Polymers used in this study are bio-based which is of great importance considering huge amount of foams used as acoustic absorbers in various industries.
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Reports on the topic "Bio-acoustics"

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Clark, Christopher W., and Peter J. Dugan. 2014 Bio-Acoustics Data Challenge for the International Community on Machine Learning and Bioacoustics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada617979.

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