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Journal articles on the topic 'Bio-based polyols'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 16 July 2025

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1

Kirpluks, Mikelis, Edgars Vanags, Arnis Abolins, Slawomir Michalowski, Anda Fridrihsone, and Ugis Cabulis. "High Functionality Bio-Polyols from Tall Oil and Rigid Polyurethane Foams Formulated Solely Using Bio-Polyols." Materials 13, no. 8 (2020): 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13081985.

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High-quality rigid polyurethane (PU) foam thermal insulation material has been developed solely using bio-polyols synthesized from second-generation bio-based feedstock. High functionality bio-polyols were synthesized from cellulose production side stream—tall oil fatty acids by oxirane ring-opening as well as esterification reactions with different polyfunctional alcohols, such as diethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, triethanolamine, and diethanolamine. Four different high functionality bio-polyols were combined with bio-polyol obtained from tall oil esterification with triethanolamine to d

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Prociak, Aleksander, Michał Kucała, Maria Kurańska, and Mateusz Barczewski. "Effect of Selected Bio-Components on the Cell Structure and Properties of Rigid Polyurethane Foams." Polymers 15, no. 18 (2023): 3660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15183660.

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New rigid polyurethane foams (RPURFs) modified with two types of bio-polyols based on rapeseed oil were elaborated and characterized. The effect of the bio-polyols with different functionality, synthesized by the epoxidation and oxirane ring-opening method, on the cell structure and selected properties of modified foams was evaluated. As oxirane ring-opening agents, 1-hexanol and 1.6-hexanediol were used to obtain bio-polyols with different functionality and hydroxyl numbers. Bio-polyols in different ratios were used to modify the polyurethane (PUR) composition, replacing 40 wt.% petrochemical

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3

Lee, Joo Hyung, Seong Hun Kim, and Kyung Wha Oh. "Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams with Castor Oil Based Multifunctional Polyols for Improved Compressive Properties." Polymers 13, no. 4 (2021): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13040576.

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Currently, most commercial polyols used in the production of polyurethane (PU) foam are derived from petrochemicals. To address concerns relating to environmental pollution, a sustainable resource, namely, castor oil (CO), was used in this study. To improve the production efficiency, sustainability, and compressive strength of PU foam, which is widely used as an impact-absorbing material for protective equipment, PU foam was synthesized with CO-based multifunctional polyols. CO-based polyols with high functionalities were synthesized via a facile thiol-ene click reaction method and their chemi

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Fridrihsone, Anda, Arnis Abolins, and Mikelis Kirpluks. "Screening Life Cycle Assessment of Tall Oil-Based Polyols Suitable for Rigid Polyurethane Foams." Energies 13, no. 20 (2020): 5249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205249.

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A screening Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of tall oil-based bio-polyols suitable for rigid polyurethane (PU) foams has been carried out. The goal was to identify the hot-spots and data gaps. The system under investigation is three different tall oil fatty acids (TOFA)-based bio-polyol synthesis with a cradle-to-gate approach, from the production of raw materials to the synthesis of TOFA based bio-polyols at a pilot-scale reactor. The synthesis steps that give the most significant environmental footprint hot-spots were identified. The results showed the bio-based feedstock was the main environmen

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Emeka-Chioke, Eucharia Agborma, Prisca Ifeoma Udeozo, Okechukwu Paul Nsude, Theresa Orieiji Uchechukwu, Kingsley John Orie, and Okoro Ogbobe. "Synthesis of Bio-based Polyol Via Epoxidation and Hydroxylation of Shea Butter Fats." Journal of Applied Chemical Science International 14, no. 2 (2023): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/jacsi/2023/v14i28487.

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Polyols are mostly made from petroleum and other non-biodegradable fossil fuels, and as such, they are not environmentally benign. This study presents the process of making bio-based polyols from shea butter fats (SBF) by epoxidation and hydroxylation. Wet analysis, gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (GC-FID), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were all used to characterize the bio-based polyols. The acid number (13.92 mg KOH/g), iodine value (19.54 mg I2/100 g), saponification value (218.03 mg KOH/g), and viscosity (107.98 poise) suggest a good quality of synth

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Gosz, Kamila, Agnieszka Tercjak, Adam Olszewski, Józef Haponiuk, and Łukasz Piszczyk. "Bio-Based Polyurethane Networks Derived from Liquefied Sawdust." Materials 14, no. 11 (2021): 3138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14113138.

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The utilization of forestry waste resources in the production of polyurethane resins is a promising green alternative to the use of unsustainable resources. Liquefaction of wood-based biomass gives polyols with properties depending on the reagents used. In this article, the liquefaction of forestry wastes, including sawdust, in solvents such as glycerol and polyethylene glycol was investigated. The liquefaction process was carried out at temperatures of 120, 150, and 170 °C. The resulting bio-polyols were analyzed for process efficiency, hydroxyl number, water content, viscosity, and structura

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Staccioli, Leo, dos Santos Andreia Maria Rodrigues, Jose Gallego, et al. "A life cycle assessment model to evaluate the environmental sustainability of lignin-based polyols." Sustainable Production and Consumption 52 (November 28, 2024): 624–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2025.01.002.

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Lignin-based polyols are expected to provide significant environmental benefits by offering new synthetic routes to various types of bio-resins for coating applications. Currently, no models evaluating lignin-based polyols are available in the literature, therefore, the present study introduces a new model to assess environmental impacts associated with the synthesis of lignin-based polyols and to evaluate their potential environmental advantages in bio-product manufacturing. The model follows the life cycle assessment methodology and is based on lignin-based polyols production at a pilot scal

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8

Moyano-Vallejo, Alejandra, María Pilar Carbonell-Blasco, Carlota Hernández-Fernández, Francisca Arán-Aís, María Dolores Romero-Sánchez, and Elena Orgilés-Calpena. "Enhanced Green Strength in a Polycarbonate Polyol-Based Reactive Polyurethane Hot-Melt Adhesive." Polymers 16, no. 23 (2024): 3356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16233356.

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This study aimed to enhance the initial adhesion performance of reactive polyurethane hot-melt adhesives by using a bio-based polycarbonate polyol instead of traditional polyester or polyether polyols and by incorporating thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) in varied proportions. Adhesives synthesized from bio-based polycarbonate polyols and polypropylene glycol with MDI as the isocyanate were characterized chemically, thermally, and mechanically (FTIR, DSC, plate–plate rheology, DMA, and T-peel strength test). Adding 10–15 wt.% TPU significantly improved green strength and initial adhesion at ro

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Ivdre, Aiga, Mikelis Kirpluks, Arnis Abolins, et al. "Rigid Polyurethane Foams’ Development and Optimization from Polyols Based on Depolymerized Suberin and Tall Oil Fatty Acids." Polymers 16, no. 7 (2024): 942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16070942.

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The utilization of polyols derived from renewable sources presents an opportunity to enhance the sustainability of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams, thereby contributing to the advancement of a circular bioeconomy. This study explores the development of PUR rigid foams exclusively using polyols sourced from second-generation renewable biomass feedstocks, specifically depolymerized birch bark suberin (suberinic acids) and tall oil fatty acids. The polyols achieved a total renewable material content as high as 74%, with a suberinic acid content of 37%. Response surface modeling was employed to det

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Kurańska, Maria, Milena Leszczyńska, Elżbieta Malewska, Aleksander Prociak, and Joanna Ryszkowska. "Implementation of Circular Economy Principles in the Synthesis of Polyurethane Foams." Polymers 12, no. 9 (2020): 2068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12092068.

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The main strategy of the European Commission in the field of the building industry assumes a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by up to 20% by 2020 and by up to 80% by 2050. In order to meet these conditions, it is necessary to develop not only efficient thermal insulation materials, but also more environmentally friendly ones. This paper describes an experiment in which two types of bio-polyols were obtained using transesterification of used cooking oil with triethanolamine (UCO_TEA) and diethylene glycol (UCO_DEG). The bio-polyols were next used to prepare low-density rigid polyurethane

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11

Čuk, Nataša, Miha Steinbücher, Nejc Vidmar, Martin Ocepek, and Peter Venturini. "Fully Bio-Based and Solvent-Free Polyester Polyol for Two-Component Polyurethane Coatings." Coatings 13, no. 10 (2023): 1779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13101779.

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In recent years, many efforts are being devoted to the development of new materials that originate from renewable resources. Polyesters are one of the most important classes of such materials and several bio-based monomers are available for their synthesis. In this work, the development of fully bio-based and solvent-free polyester polyol used for two-component polyurethane coatings on industrial scale is presented. Fossil-based raw materials were substituted with bio-based alternatives that are commercially available on a large scale. Properties of polyols and coatings were determined and mea

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Rizikovs, Janis, Daniela Godina, Raimonds Makars, et al. "Suberinic Acids as a Potential Feedstock for Polyol Synthesis: Separation and Characterization." Polymers 13, no. 24 (2021): 4380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13244380.

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Global sustainability challenges prompt the world to modify its strategies and shift from a fossil-fuel-based economy to a bio-resources-based one and to the production of renewable biomass chemicals. Depolymerized suberinic acids (SA) were considered as an alternative resource to develop bio-polyols that can be further used in polyurethane (PU) material production. Birch (Betula pendula) outer bark was used as a raw material to obtain the SA, extracted with ethanol, and depolymerized with potassium hydroxide ethanol solution. By acidifying the filtrate to pH 5.0, 3.0, and 1.0 and drying it at

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13

Borowicz, Marcin, Marek Isbrandt, Joanna Paciorek-Sadowska, and Paweł Sander. "Comparing the Properties of Bio-Polyols Based on White Mustard (Sinapis alba) Oil Containing Boron and Sulfur Atoms Obtained by Various Methods and Checking Their Influence on the Flammability of Rigid Polyurethane/Polyisocyanurate Foams." Materials 16, no. 9 (2023): 3401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16093401.

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The article compares the properties of bio-polyols obtained from white mustard (Sinapis alba) seed oil, which contain boron and sulfur atoms. Each of the bio-polyols was prepared by a different method of testing the efficiency of the incorporation of boron and sulfur atoms. All synthesis methods were based on the epoxidation of unsaturated bonds followed by the opening of epoxy rings by compounds containing heteroatoms. Two of the bio-polyols were subjected to additional esterification reactions of hydroxyl groups with boric acid or its ester. Three new bio-polyols were obtained as a result of

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14

Ji, Dong, Zheng Fang, Zhi Dong Wan, et al. "Rigid Polyurethane Foam Based on Modified Soybean Oil." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 1681–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.1681.

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Two bio-based polyols (Polyol-r and Polyol-t) were synthesized from commercially available epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO). Polyol-r was obtained from ring opening of ESBO in the presence of fluoboric acid, while Polyol-t from a transesterification of Polyol-r with glycerol through a litharge catalyst. A rigid polyurethane foam was prepared by mixed polyols (Polyol-t and commercial 635 polyether polyol) with 4,4'-methylene-bis (phenyl isocyanate). The hydroxyl value of Polyol-t was higher than that of Polyol-r, which was also backed up by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Scanning electro

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15

Yao, Lyu, Azizah Baharum, Lih Jiun Yu, Zibo Yan, and Khairiah Haji Badri. "A Vegetable-Oil-Based Polyurethane Coating for Controlled Nutrient Release: A Review." Coatings 15, no. 6 (2025): 665. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15060665.

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Bio-based polyurethane (PU) is synthesized either via the prepolymerization or addition polymerization of bio-based polyols and isocyanates. PU synthesized from vegetable-oil-based polyols has excellent properties for various application needs. Bio-based PU coatings from renewable vegetable oil show good degradability in soil while controlling the nutrient release process. Castor oil, soybean oil, palm oil, olive oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, and recycled oil have been explored in the study of bio-based PU coatings for controlled nutrient release. Castor oil as a natural poly

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16

Ionescu, Mihail, Xianmei Wan, and Zoran S. Petrović. "Bio‐Based, Self‐Condensed Polyols." European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 122, no. 7 (2020): 2000033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.202000033.

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17

Coccia, Francesca, Liudmyla Gryshchuk, Pierluigi Moimare, et al. "Chemically Functionalized Cellulose Nanocrystals as Reactive Filler in Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams." Polymers 13, no. 15 (2021): 2556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13152556.

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Cellulose Nanocrystals, CNC, opportunely functionalized are proposed as reactive fillers in bio-based flexible polyurethane foams to improve, mainly, their mechanical properties. To overcome the cellulose hydrophilicity, CNC was functionalized on its surface by linking covalently a suitable bio-based polyol to obtain a grafted-CNC. The polyols grafted with CNC will react with the isocyanate in the preparation of the polyurethane foams. An attractive way to introduce functionalities on cellulose surfaces in aqueous media is silane chemistry by using functional trialkoxy silanes, X-Si (OR)3. Her

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18

Cifarelli, Angelica, Laura Boggioni, Adriano Vignali, Incoronata Tritto, Fabio Bertini, and Simona Losio. "Flexible Polyurethane Foams from Epoxidized Vegetable Oils and a Bio-Based Diisocyanate." Polymers 13, no. 4 (2021): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13040612.

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Bio-polyols from epoxidized soybean and linseed oils and caprylic acid or 3-phenyl butyric acid were prepared using an environmentally friendly, solvent-free method evaluating the presence of triethylamine as catalyst. Side reactions, leading to a cross-linking structure with high density, were reduced, introducing the catalyst and properly tuning the reaction conditions. A medium functionality value of around 3 along with a hydroxyl number up to around 90 mg KOH/g, narrow polydispersity index, and relatively low molecular mass up to 2400 g/mol were the experimental targets. From selected bio-

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Sonnabend, Maresa, Suzanne G. Aubin, Annette M. Schmidt, and Marc C. Leimenstoll. "Sophorolipid-Based Oligomers as Polyol Components for Polyurethane Systems." Polymers 13, no. 12 (2021): 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13122001.

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Due to reasons of sustainability and conservation of resources, polyurethane (PU)-based systems with preferably neutral carbon footprints are in increased focus of research and development. The proper design and development of bio-based polyols are of particular interest since such polyols may have special property profiles that allow the novel products to enter new applications. Sophorolipids (SL) represent a bio-based toolbox for polyol building blocks to yield diverse chemical products. For a reasonable evaluation of the potential for PU chemistry, however, further investigations in terms o

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Santos, Marta, Marcos Mariz, Igor Tiago, Susana Alarico, and Paula Ferreira. "Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams: Feedstocks, Synthesis, and Applications." Biomolecules 15, no. 5 (2025): 680. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15050680.

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Polyurethanes (PUs) are extremely versatile materials used across different industries. Traditionally, they are synthesized by reacting polyols and isocyanates, both of which are petroleum-derived reagents. In response to the demand for more eco-friendly materials, research has increasingly focused on developing new routes for PU synthesis using renewable feedstocks. While substituting isocyanates remains a greater challenge, replacing fossil-based polyols with bio-based alternatives is now a promising strategy. This review explores the main natural sources and their transformations into bio-p

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Rajput, Bhausaheb S., Thien An Phung Hai, and Michael D. Burkart. "High Bio-Content Thermoplastic Polyurethanes from Azelaic Acid." Molecules 27, no. 15 (2022): 4885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154885.

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To realize the commercialization of sustainable materials, new polymers must be generated and systematically evaluated for material characteristics and end-of-life treatment. Polyester polyols made from renewable monomers have found limited adoption in thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) applications, and their broad adoption in manufacturing may be possible with a more detailed understanding of their structure and properties. To this end, we prepared a series of bio-based crystalline and amorphous polyester polyols utilizing azelaic acid and varying branched or non-branched diols. The prepared p

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Morales-Cerrada, Roberto, Romain Tavernier, and Sylvain Caillol. "Fully Bio-Based Thermosetting Polyurethanes from Bio-Based Polyols and Isocyanates." Polymers 13, no. 8 (2021): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081255.

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The trend towards the utilization of bioresources for the manufacturing of polymers has led industry players to bring to the market new monomers. In this work, we studied 3 polyisocyanates and 2 polyols with high renewable carbon contents, namely L-lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate (LDI), pentamethylene-diisocyanate (PDI) isocyanurate trimer, and hexamethylene-diisocyanate (HDI) allophanate as the isocyanates, as well as castor oil and polypropanediol as the polyols. These monomers are commercially available at a large scale and were used in direct formulations or used as prepolymers. Thermosett

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Fontana, Dario, Federica Recupido, Giuseppe Cesare Lama, et al. "Effect of Different Methods to Synthesize Polyol-Grafted-Cellulose Nanocrystals as Inter-Active Filler in Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams." Polymers 15, no. 4 (2023): 923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15040923.

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Currently, the scientific community has spent a lot of effort in developing “green” and environmentally friendly processes and products, due the contemporary problems connected to pollution and climate change. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are at the forefront of current research due to their multifunctional characteristics of biocompatibility, high mechanical properties, specific surface area, tunable surface chemistry and renewability. However, despite these many advantages, their inherent hydrophilicity poses a substantial challenge for the application of CNCs as a reinforcing filler in pol

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Niesiobędzka, Joanna, Ewa Głowińska, and Janusz Datta. "Eco-Friendly Ether and Ester-Urethane Prepolymer: Structure, Processing and Properties." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 22 (2021): 12207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212207.

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This study concerns bio-based urethane prepolymers. The relationship between the chemical structure and the thermal and processing parameters of bio-based isocyanate-terminated ether and ester-urethane prepolymers was investigated. Bio-based prepolymers were obtained with the use of bio-monomers such as bio-based diisocyanate, bio-based polyether polyol or polyester polyols. In addition to their composition, the bio-based prepolymers were different in the content of iso-cyanate groups content (ca. 6 and 8%). The process of pre-polymerization and the obtained bio-based prepolymers were analyzed

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Kurańska, Maria, Hynek Beneš, Kamila Sałasińska, Aleksander Prociak, Elżbieta Malewska, and Krzysztof Polaczek. "Development and Characterization of “Green Open-Cell Polyurethane Foams” with Reduced Flammability." Materials 13, no. 23 (2020): 5459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13235459.

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This work presents the cell structure and selected properties of polyurethane (PUR) foams, based on two types of hydroxylated used cooking oil and additionally modified with three different flame retardants. Bio-polyols from municipal waste oil with different chemical structures were obtained by transesterification with triethanolamine (UCO_TEA) and diethylene glycol (UCO_DEG). Next, these bio-polyols were used to prepare open-cell polyurethane foams of very low apparent densities for thermal insulation applications. In order to obtain foams with reduced flammability, the PUR systems were modi

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Paciorek-Sadowska, Joanna, Marcin Borowicz, and Marek Isbrandt. "New Poly(lactide-urethane-isocyanurate) Foams Based on Bio-Polylactide Waste." Polymers 11, no. 3 (2019): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030481.

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The article presents the results of research on the synthesis of a new eco-polyol based on polylactide (PLA) waste and its use for the production of rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate (RPU/PIR) foams. The obtained recycling-based polyol was subjected to analytical, physicochemical and spectroscopic tests (FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR) to confirm its suitability for the synthesis of polyurethane materials. Then, it was used to partially replace petrochemical polyol in polyurethane formulation. The obtained RPU/PIR foams were characterized by lower apparent density, brittleness, and water absorption.

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Kitisatorn, Wanlop, and Pornlada Pongmuksuwan. "Development of Palm Oil-Based Polyol for the Environmentally Sustainable Production of Polyurethane Foam." Materials Science Forum 1142 (December 23, 2024): 11–16. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-xy3fld.

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This study synthesized bio-polyols from epoxidized palm oil (EPO) and polysorbate (Tween20), and developed polyurethane foams using these bio-polyols. FT-IR confirmed the formation of urethane linkages, with increased EPO ratios enhancing urethane content. SEM showed that the PU foams exhibited a spherical open-cell structure, with cell sizes increasing at higher EPO ratios. The compressive modulus decreased with higher EPO ratios at an NCO/OH molar ratio of 0.8, whereas compressive strength increased at an NCO/OH molar ratio of 1.0 due to thicker cell walls and enhanced urethane linkages. Res

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Uram, Katarzyna, Milena Leszczyńska, Aleksander Prociak, et al. "Polyurethane Composite Foams Synthesized Using Bio-Polyols and Cellulose Filler." Materials 14, no. 13 (2021): 3474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133474.

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Rigid polyurethane foams were obtained using two types of renewable raw materials: bio-polyols and a cellulose filler (ARBOCEL® P 4000 X, JRS Rettenmaier, Rosenberg, Germany). A polyurethane system containing 40 wt.% of rapeseed oil-based polyols was modified with the cellulose filler in amounts of 1, 2, and 3 php (per hundred polyols). The cellulose was incorporated into the polyol premix as filler dispersion in a petrochemical polyol made using calenders. The cellulose filler was examined in terms of the degree of crystallinity using the powder X-ray diffraction PXRD -and the presence of bon

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Mendis, S. Sameera D. "Synthesis, Characterization of Bio-based Polyol and Assess the Effectiveness of Bio-based Polyurethane Direct-to-metal Coating System." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science VIII, no. VI (2023): 243–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.51584/ijrias.2023.8625.

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Crude oil is neither a long-lasting energy source nor a raw material source, has a high consumption rate relative to a low regeneration rate and creates massive environmental disorders. Polyurethane is well known and is the most popular film forming material in the coating industry because of its better performance. A coconut oil-based polyol (biobased polyol) was synthesized and acid value, viscosity, reaction water release, oil length, FTIR spectrum, differential scanning calorimetry and colourimetric index were assessed during the synthesis. A series of pigmented wet paint samples were prep

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Ekkaphan, Paweena, Sarintip Sooksai, Nuanphun Chantarasiri, and Amorn Petsom. "Bio-Based Polyols from Seed Oils for Water-Blown Rigid Polyurethane Foam Preparation." International Journal of Polymer Science 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4909857.

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The preparation of water-blown rigid polyurethane (RPUR) foams using bio-based polyols from sesame seed oil and pumpkin seed oil has been reported. Polyols synthesis involved two steps, namely, hydroxylation and alcoholysis reaction. FTIR, NMR, and ESI-MS were used to monitor the process of the synthesized polyols and their physicochemical properties were determined. The resulting polyols have OH number in the range of 340–351 mg KOH/g. RPUR foams blown with water were produced from the reaction of biopolyols with commercial polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI). The proper PUR form

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Wang, Qingyue, and Nuerjiamali Tuohedi. "Polyurethane Foams and Bio-Polyols from Liquefied Cotton Stalk Agricultural Waste." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (2020): 4214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104214.

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Cotton is planted on a large scale in China, especially in the Xinjiang Region. A large amount of agricultural waste from cotton plants is produced annually, and currently poses a disposal problem. In this study the product after liquefaction of cotton stalk powder was mixed with diphenylmethane diisocyanate to prepare polyurethane foams. The effects of the liquefaction conditions on the properties of the polyols and polyurethane foams produced using cotton stalk were investigated. The optimal processing conditions for the liquefied product, considering the quality of the polyurethane foams, w

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Jabber, Lady Jaharah Y., Jessalyn C. Grumo, Arnold C. Alguno, Arnold A. Lubguban, and Rey Y. Capangpangan. "The Effect of Cellulose Fibers on the Formation of Petroleum-Based and Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams." Key Engineering Materials 803 (May 2019): 371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.803.371.

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We report on the effect of cellulose fibers on the formation of petroleum-based and bio-based polyurethane foams. The fabricated polyurethane foams (PUF) were done by reacting isocyanate with petroleum-based polyol and epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO)-based polyols via hand mixing. The addition of cellulose fibers extracted from pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaf was done to enhance the properties of the fabricated PUF. Experimental results revealed that surface morphology of the fabricated polyurethane foams with addition of cellulose fibers remain the well-defined cell structures as shown in the s

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Alfeche, Fortia Louise Adeliene M., Roger G. Dingcong, Leanne Christie C. Mendija, et al. "In Silico Investigation of the Impact of Reaction Kinetics on the Physico-Mechanical Properties of Coconut-Oil-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam." Sustainability 15, no. 9 (2023): 7148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15097148.

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Conventionally, designing rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) with improved physico-mechanical properties from new, bio-based polyols is performed by modifying foam formulations via experimentation. However, experimental endeavors are very resource-dependent, costly, cumbersome, time-intensive, waste-producing, and present higher health risks. In this study, an RPUF formulation utilizing a coconut-oil (CO)-based polyol with improved physico-mechanical properties was approximated through a computational alternative in the lens of the gel time of the RPUF formation. In the RPUF formation of most bi

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Sonjui, Tatcha, and Nantana Jiratumnukul. "Physical Properties of Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams from Bio-Based Succinate Polyols." Cellular Polymers 34, no. 6 (2015): 353–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026248931503400604.

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Pang, Minhui, Shuqi Dong, Jianguo Zhao, Hongyan Li, Dongsheng Liu, and Lixia Li. "Preparation of High Bio-Content Polyurethane Coatings from Co-Liquefaction of Cellulosic Biomass and Starch for Controlled Release Fertilizers." Coatings 13, no. 1 (2023): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010148.

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To manufacture high bio-content degradable polyurethane-coated fertilizer, the co-liquefaction of corn straw and starch was carried out to convert more biomass into bio-polyol so as to substitute petroleum-based polyol. The effect of the corn straw to starch ratio on liquefaction behavior was mainly investigated by monitoring acid value, hydroxyl value, and liquefaction rate. Both chemical structures and properties of bio-polyols and their coatings were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), etc. The results indicated that adding a

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Mendija, Leanne Christie C., Roger G. Dingcong, Fortia Louise Adeliene M. Alfeche, et al. "Elucidating the Impact of Polyol Functional Moieties on Exothermic Poly(urethane-urea) Polymerization: A Thermo-Kinetic Simulation Approach." Sustainability 16, no. 11 (2024): 4587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16114587.

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The pursuit of sustainable polyurethane (PU) product development necessitates a profound understanding of precursor materials. Particularly, polyol plays a crucial role, since PU properties are heavily influenced by the type of polyol employed during production. While traditional PUs are solely derived from hydroxyl functionalized polyols, the emergence of amine-hydroxyl hybrid polyols has garnered significant attention due to their potential for enhancing PU product properties. These hybrid polyols are characterized by the presence of both amine and hydroxyl functional groups. However, charac

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Shin, Se-Ra, and Dai-Soo Lee. "Thermally Healable Polyurethane Elastomers Based on Biomass Polyester Polyol from Isosorbide and Dimer Fatty Acid." Polymers 16, no. 24 (2024): 3571. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16243571.

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A fully bio-based polyester polyol based on isosorbide (ISB) and dimer fatty acid (DA) was synthesized through esterification. An ISB-based polyester polyol (DIS) was developed to synthesize a bio-based polyurethane elastomer (PUE) with enhanced mechanical and self-healing properties. The rigid bicyclic structure of ISB improved tensile properties, while the urethane bonds formed between the hydroxyl groups in ISB and isocyanate exhibited reversible characteristics at elevated temperatures, significantly enhancing the self-healing performance of DIS-based PUE compared to the control PUE (self-

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Czifrák, Katalin, Csilla Lakatos, Csaba Cserháti, Gergő Vecsei, Miklós Zsuga, and Sándor Kéki. "Bio-Based Polyurethane Networks Containing Sunflower Oil Based Polyols." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 13 (2024): 7300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137300.

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This work focused on the preparation and investigation of polyurethane (SO-PU)-containing sunflower oil glycerides. By transesterification of sunflower oil with glycerol, we synthesized a glyceride mixture with an equilibrium composition, which was used as a new diol component in polyurethanes in addition to poly(ε-caprolactone)diol (PCLD2000). The structure of the glyceride mixture was characterized by physicochemical methods, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and size exclusion chromatog

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Andrade Breves, Rodolfo, Daniel Ajiola, Roseany de Vasconcelos Vieira Lopes, et al. "Bio-Based Polyurethane Composites from Macauba Kernel Oil: Part 1, Matrix Synthesis from Glycerol-Based Polyol." Journal of Composites Science 8, no. 9 (2024): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs8090363.

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Polyurethanes are the result of a reaction between an isocyanate and a polyol. The large variety of possible reagents creates many possible polyurethanes to be made, such as soft foams, rigid foams, coatings, and adhesives. This polymer is one of the most produced and consumed polymers in the world with an ever-increasing demand. Despite its usual petrochemical nature, research on bio-based polyurethanes flourishes due to the ease in creating bio-based polyols. This work covers the synthesis of a novel macauba kernel oil polyol by the epoxidation of the oil, followed by a ring-opening reaction

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Pomilovskis, Ralfs, Inese Mierina, Hynek Beneš, et al. "The Synthesis of Bio-Based Michael Donors from Tall Oil Fatty Acids for Polymer Development." Polymers 14, no. 19 (2022): 4107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14194107.

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In this study, the synthesis of a Michael donor compound from cellulose production by-products—tall oil fatty acids—was developed. The developed Michael donor compounds can be further used to obtain polymeric materials after nucleophilic polymerization through the Michael reaction. It can be a promising alternative method for conventional polyurethane materials, and the Michael addition polymerization reaction takes place under milder conditions than non-isocyanate polyurethane production technology, which requires high pressure, high temperature and a long reaction time. Different polyols, th

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Cappello, Miriam, Sara Filippi, Damiano Rossi, et al. "Waste-Cooking-Oil-Derived Polyols to Produce New Sustainable Rigid Polyurethane Foams." Sustainability 16, no. 21 (2024): 9456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16219456.

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Polyurethanes (PUs) are one of the most versatile polymeric materials, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. Currently, petroleum is still the main source of polyols and isocyanates, the two primary feedstocks used in the PU industry. However, due to future petroleum price uncertainties and the need for eco-friendly alternatives, recent efforts have focused on replacing petrol-based polyols and isocyanates with counterparts derived from renewable resources. In this study, waste cooking oil was used as feedstock to obtain polyols (POs) for new sustainable polyurethane foams (PU

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Dingcong, Roger G., Daryl B. Radjac, Fortia Louise Adeliene M. Alfeche, et al. "An Iterative Method for the Simulation of Rice Straw-Based Polyol Hydroxyl Moieties." Sustainability 15, no. 15 (2023): 12082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151512082.

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Bio-derived polyol products have gained global interest as a green and sustainable substitute for fossil-based polyols in a diverse range of polyurethane (PU) applications. According to previous studies, PU properties are highly influenced by the reaction kinetics during their formation. One major factor affecting this is the reactivity of their polyol’s functional hydroxyl moieties that are classified as primary, secondary, and hindered-secondary. However, experimental quantitative characterization of these polyol hydroxyl moieties remains a challenge in the field due to various factors affec

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Sarim, Muntajab, Mir Mohammad Alavi Nikje, and Maryam Dargahi. "Preparation and Characterization of Polyurethane Rigid Foam Nanocomposites from Used Cooking Oil and Perlite." International Journal of Polymer Science 2023 (April 11, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/7185367.

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Modern chemical industries trend towards industrial ecology to achieve a circular economy, because of increasing environmental and economic awareness jointly. One of the most important of these industries is polyurethane, accompanied by more and more interest in using renewable polyols. The study focuses on synthesizing and characterizing polyurethane rigid foams formulated by replacing 40%, 60%, and 100% of a petrochemical polyol with a bio-polyol derived from used cooking oil, and introducing perlite and modified perlite nanoparticles into the bio-polyol. The products were evidenced by trans

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Arshanitsa, Alexandr, Matiss Pals, Laima Vevere, Lilija Jashina, and Oskars Bikovens. "The Complex Valorization of Black Alder Bark Biomass in Compositions of Rigid Polyurethane Foam." Materials 18, no. 1 (2024): 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18010050.

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The use of black alder (BA) bark biomass in rigid polyurethane (PUR) foam compositions was the main task of investigation. Extractive compounds isolated from the bark through hot water extraction were used as precursors for bio-polyol synthesis via acid-free liquefaction with the polyether polyol Lupranol 3300 and through oxypropylation with propylene carbonate. The OH functionality and composition of the polyols were analyzed via wet chemistry and FTIR spectroscopy. The solid remaining after the isolation of extractive compounds was also utilized as a natural filler in PUR foams. The effects

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Venkatesh, D., and V. Jaisankar. "Synthesis and characterization of bio-polyurethanes prepared using certain bio-based polyols." Materials Today: Proceedings 14 (2019): 482–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.04.171.

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Xue, Bai-Liang, Pan-Li Huang, Yong-Chang Sun, Xin-Ping Li, and Run-Cang Sun. "Hydrolytic depolymerization of corncob lignin in the view of a bio-based rigid polyurethane foam synthesis." RSC Advances 7, no. 10 (2017): 6123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra26318f.

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Corncob lignin was efficiently depolymerized in an isopropanol–water mixture with NaOH as catalyst into bio-polyols with low molecular weight and suitable hydroxyl number in view of the preparation of a bio-based rigid polyurethane foam.

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Tshibalonza, Nelly Ntumba, and Jean-Christophe M. Monbaliu. "The deoxydehydration (DODH) reaction: a versatile technology for accessing olefins from bio-based polyols." Green Chemistry 22, no. 15 (2020): 4801–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0gc00689k.

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GOPALAKRISHNAN, S., and T. LINDA FERNANDO. "Influence of polyols on properties of bio-based polyurethanes." Bulletin of Materials Science 35, no. 2 (2012): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12034-012-0279-5.

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Pals, Matiss, Jevgenija Ponomarenko, Maris Lauberts, Lilija Jashina, Vilhelmine Jurkjane, and Alexandr Arshanitsa. "Unveiling the Potential of Plant-Derived Diarylheptanoids and Their Derivatives in Bio-Based Polyurethane Compositions." Plants 14, no. 5 (2025): 775. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14050775.

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The key challenge in polymer science is developing sustainable synthesis methods using renewable feedstocks. This study explores plant-derived diarylheptanoids with various structures as the building blocks for polyurethane (PU) materials. Diarylheptanoid glucosides isolated from black alder (Alnus glutinosa) bark were hydrolyzed and fractionated to remove sugar moieties. The resulting diarylheptanoids, along with unhydrolyzed analogues and curcumin, were used as biomass-based polyols to synthesize model PU films. Incorporating diarylheptanoids enhanced the mechanical strength and reduced the

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Han, Biao, Yongming Xing, and Chao Li. "Investigation on Dynamic and Static Modulus and Creep of Bio-Based Polyurethane-Modified Asphalt Mixture." Polymers 17, no. 3 (2025): 359. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17030359.

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The superior mechanical qualities of polyurethane have garnered increasing attention for its application in modifying asphalt mixtures. However, polyurethane needs to use polyols to cure, and polyols need to be produced by petroleum refining. As we all know, petroleum is a non-renewable energy source. In order to reduce oil consumption and conform to the trend of a green economy, lignin and chitin were used instead of polyols as curing agents. In this paper, a biological polyurethane-modified asphalt mixture (BPA-16) was designed and compared with a polyurethane-modified asphalt mixture (PA-16

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