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Journal articles on the topic 'Bioactive Glass, Bone Cement, Antibacterial'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Verné, Enrica, Filippo Foroni, Giovanni Lucchetta, and Marta Miola. "Antibacterial and Bioactive Composite Bone Cements." Current Materials Science 12, no. 2 (March 3, 2020): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874464812666190819143740.

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Background:: Peri-prosthetic infections are characterized by high resistance to systemic antibiotic therapy. In this work, commercial PMMA-based bone cement has been loaded with a bioactive glass doped with silver ions, with the purpose to prepare composite bone cement containing a single inorganic phase with both bioactive and antibacterial properties, able to prevent bacterial contamination. Methods:: The glass distribution in the polymeric matrix, the composites radio-opacity, the bending strength and modulus, the morphology of the fracture surfaces, the bioactivity in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) and the antibacterial effect were evaluated. The glass particles dispersion in the polymeric matrix and their exposition on the polymer surface have been assessed by morphological and compositional characterizations via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS). Results:: The introduction of the silver-doped bioactive glass allowed imparting an intrinsic radio-opacity to the cement. The bending strength and modulus were influenced by the glass preparation, amount and grain-size. The polymeric matrix did not affect the composite ability to induce hydroxyapatite precipitation on its surface (bioactivity). Moreover, antibacterial test (inhibition halo evaluation) revealed a significant antibacterial effect toward S. aureus, Bacillus, E. coli and C. albicans strains. Conclusion:: The obtained results motivate further investigations and future in vivo tests.

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Russo, Teresa, Roberto De Santis, Antonio Gloria, Katia Barbaro, Annalisa Altigeri, Inna V. Fadeeva, and Julietta V. Rau. "Modification of PMMA Cements for Cranioplasty with Bioactive Glass and Copper Doped Tricalcium Phosphate Particles." Polymers 12, no. 1 (December 25, 2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12010037.

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Cranioplasty represents the surgical repair of bone defects or deformities in the cranium arising from traumatic skull bone fracture, cranial bone deformities, bone cancer, and infections. The actual gold standard in surgery procedures for cranioplasty involves the use of biocompatible materials, and repair or regeneration of large cranial defects is particularly challenging from both a functional and aesthetic point of view. PMMA-based bone cement are the most widely biomaterials adopted in the field, with at least four different surgical approaches. Modifications for improving biological and mechanical functions of PMMA-based bone cement have been suggested. To this aim, the inclusion of antibiotics to prevent infection has been shown to provide a reduction of mechanical properties in bending. Therefore, the development of novel antibacterial active agents to overcome issues related to mechanical properties and bacterial resistance to antibiotics is still encouraged. In this context, mechanical, biological, and antibacterial feature against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus bacterial strains of surgical PMMA cement modified with BG and recently developed Cu-TCP bioactive particles have been highlighted.

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3

Miola, Marta, Giacomo Fucale, Giovanni Maina, and Enrica Verné. "Antibacterial and bioactive composite bone cements containing surface silver-doped glass particles." Biomedical Materials 10, no. 5 (October 20, 2015): 055014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-6041/10/5/055014.

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4

Miola, Marta, Giacomo Fucale, Giovanni Maina, and Enrica Verné. "Composites bone cements with different viscosities loaded with a bioactive and antibacterial glass." Journal of Materials Science 52, no. 9 (January 17, 2017): 5133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-0750-1.

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5

Miola, Marta, Andrea Cochis, Ajay Kumar, Carla Arciola, Lia Rimondini, and Enrica Verné. "Copper-Doped Bioactive Glass as Filler for PMMA-Based Bone Cements: Morphological, Mechanical, Reactivity, and Preliminary Antibacterial Characterization." Materials 11, no. 6 (June 6, 2018): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11060961.

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6

Hasan, Raquib, Kambri Schaner, Pranothi Mulinti, and Amanda Brooks. "A Bioglass-Based Antibiotic (Vancomycin) Releasing Bone Void Filling Putty to Treat Osteomyelitis and Aid Bone Healing." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 14 (July 20, 2021): 7736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22147736.

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While the infection rate after primary total joint replacements (TJR) sits at 1–2%, for trauma-related surgery, it can be as high as 3.6 to 21.2% based on the type of trauma; the risk of reinfection after revision surgery is even higher. Current treatments with antibiotic-releasing PMMA-based bone cement/ beads and/or systemic antibiotic after surgical debridement do not provide effective treatment due to fluctuating antibiotic levels at the site of infection, leading to insufficient local antibiotic concentration. In addition, non-biodegradable PMMA does not support bone regrowth in the debrided void spaces and often must be removed in an additional surgery. Here, we report a bioactive glass or bioglass (BG) substrate-based biodegradable, easy to fabricate “press fitting” antibiotic-releasing bone void filling (ABVF-BG) putty to provide effective local antibiotic release at the site of infection along with support for bone regeneration. The ABVF-BG putty formulation had homogenously distributed BG particles, a porous structure, and showed putty-like ease of handling. Furthermore, the ABVF-BG putty demonstrated in vitro antibacterial activity for up to 6 weeks. Finally, the ABVF-BG putty was biodegradable in vivo and showed 100% bacterial eradication (as shown by bacterial cell counts) in the treatment group, which received ABVF-BG putty, compared to the infection control group, where all the rats had a high bacterial load (4.63 × 106 ± 7.9 × 105 CFU/gram bone) and sustained osteomyelitis. The ABVF-BG putty also supported bone growth in the void space as indicated by a combination of histology, µCT, and X-ray imaging. The potential for simultaneous infection treatment and bone healing using the developed BG-based ABVF-BG putty is promising as an alternative treatment option for osteomyelitis.

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Kokubo, Tadashi, Satoru Yoshihara, Naomi Nishimura, Takao Yamamuro, and Takashi Nakamura. "Bioactive Bone Cement Based on CaOSiO2P2O5 Glass." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 74, no. 7 (July 1991): 1739–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1991.tb07176.x.

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8

Kontonasaki, Eleana, Lambrini Papadopoulou, T. Zorba, E. Siarampi, K. Papazisis, A. Kortsaris, Konstantinos M. Paraskevopoulos, and Petros Koidis. "Effect of Bioactive Glass/Cement Weight Ratio on Bioactivity and Biocompatibility of a Bioactive Glass Modified Glass Ionomer Cement." Key Engineering Materials 309-311 (May 2006): 877–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.309-311.877.

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The bioactivity of a glass ionomer luting cement (Ketac®-cem, ESPE, Germany), which was modified by Bioglass® (PerioGlas® Synthetic Bone Graft Particulate, US Biomaterials) in different bioglass/powder weight ratios, and the biocompatibility of the produced mixtures were evaluated in this study using different cell lines. The incorporation of Bioglass® in the cement structure resulted in the formation of sparsely located biological apatite aggregations. However, although Bioglass® incorporation seemed to enhance cell proliferation, the materials became eventually brittle and highly soluble depending on Bioglass® amount.

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9

Lim, Hyoung-Bong, and Cheol-Young Kim. "Setting and Hydroxyapatite Formation of Bioactive Glass Bone Cement." Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society 42, no. 11 (November 1, 2005): 770–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4191/kcers.2005.42.11.770.

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10

Fu, Qiang, Nai Zhou, Wenhai Huang, Deping Wang, Liying Zhang, and Haifeng Li. "Preparation and characterization of a novel bioactive bone cement: Glass based nanoscale hydroxyapatite bone cement." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 15, no. 12 (December 2004): 1333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10856-004-5742-4.

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11

Kamimura, M., Jiro Tamura, S. Shinzato, Keiichi Kawanabe, Masashi Neo, Tadashi Kokubo, and Takashi Nakamura. "Bone-Bonding Strength of Two Kinds of Polymethylmethacrylate-Based Bioactive Bone Cement Containing Bioactive Glass Beads or Glass-Ceramic Powder." Key Engineering Materials 218-220 (November 2001): 369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.218-220.369.

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12

Funk, Grahmm A., Jonathan C. Burkes, Kimberly A. Cole, Mohamed N. Rahaman, and Terence E. McIff. "Antibiotic Elution and Mechanical Strength of PMMA Bone Cement Loaded With Borate Bioactive Glass." Journal of Bone and Joint Infection 3, no. 4 (September 7, 2018): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/jbji.27348.

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Abstract. Introduction: Local delivery of antibiotics using bone cement as the delivery vehicle is an established method of managing implant-associated orthopedic infections. Various fillers have been added to cement to increase antibiotic elution, but they often do so at the expense of strength. This study evaluated the effect of adding a borate bioactive glass, previously shown to promote bone formation, on vancomycin elution from PMMA bone cement.Methods: Five cement composites were made: three loaded with borate bioactive glass along with 0, 1, and 5 grams of vancomycin and two without any glass but with 1 and 5 grams vancomycin to serve as controls. The specimens were soaked in PBS. Eluate of vancomycin was collected every 24 hours and analyzed by HPLC. Orthopedic-relevant mechanical properties of each composite were tested over time.Results: The addition of borate bioactive glass provided an increase in vancomycin release at Day 1 and an increase in sustained vancomycin release throughout the treatment period. An 87.6% and 21.1% increase in cumulative vancomycin release was seen for both 1g and 5g loading groups, respectively. Compressive strength of all composites remained above the weight-bearing threshold of 70 MPa throughout the duration of the study with the glass-containing composites showing comparable strength to their respective controls.Conclusion: The incorporation of borate bioactive glass into commercial PMMA bone cement can significantly increase the elution of vancomycin. The mechanical strength of the cement-glass composites remained above 70 MPa even after soaking for 8 weeks, suggesting their suitability for orthopedic weight-bearing applications.

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Bistolfi, Ferracini, Albanese, Vernè, and Miola. "PMMA-Based Bone Cements and the Problem of Joint Arthroplasty Infections: Status and New Perspectives." Materials 12, no. 23 (December 2, 2019): 4002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12234002.

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Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based bone cement is a biomaterial that has been used over the last 50 years to stabilize hip and knee implants or as a bone filler. Although PMMA-based bone cement is widely used and allows a fast-primary fixation to the bone, it does not guarantee a mechanically and biologically stable interface with bone, and most of all it is prone to bacteria adhesion and infection development. In the 1970s, antibiotic-loaded bone cements were introduced to reduce the infection rate in arthroplasty; however, the efficiency of antibiotic-containing bone cement is still a debated issue. For these reasons, in recent years, the scientific community has investigated new approaches to impart antibacterial properties to PMMA bone cement. The aim of this review is to summarize the current status regarding antibiotic-loaded PMMA-based bone cements, fill the gap regarding the lack of data on antibacterial bone cement, and explore the progress of antibacterial bone cement formulations, focusing attention on the new perspectives. In particular, this review highlights the innovative study of composite bone cements containing inorganic antibacterial and bioactive phases, which are a fascinating alternative that can impart both osteointegration and antibacterial properties to PMMA-based bone cement.

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Kawanabe, Keiichi, Jiro Tamura, Takao Yamamuro, Takashi Nakamura, Tadashi Kokubo, and Satoru Yoshihara. "A new bioactive bone cement consisting of BIS-GMA resin and bioactive glass powder." Journal of Applied Biomaterials 4, no. 2 (1993): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jab.770040204.

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15

Wang, Haiyang, Toshinari Maeda, and Toshiki Miyazaki. "Preparation of bioactive and antibacterial PMMA-based bone cement by modification with quaternary ammonium and alkoxysilane." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 36, no. 2 (March 24, 2021): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08853282211004413.

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Bone cement based on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) powder and methyl methacrylate (MMA) liquid is a very popular biomaterial used for the fixation of artificial joints. However, there is a risk of this cement loosening from bone because of a lack of bone-bonding bioactivity. Apatite formation in the body environment is a prerequisite for cement bioactivity. Additionally, suppression of infection during implantation is required for bone cements to be successfully introduced into the human body. In this study, we modified PMMA cement with γ-methacryloxypropyltrimetoxysilane and calcium acetate to introduce bioactive properties and 2-( tert-butylamino)ethyl methacrylate (TBAEMA) to provide antibacterial properties. The long-term antibacterial activity is attributed to the copolymerization of TBAEMA and MMA. As the TBAEMA content increased, the setting time increased and the compressive strength decreased. After soaking in simulated body fluid, an apatite layer was detected within 7 days, irrespective of the TBAEMA content. The cement showed better antibacterial activity against Gram-negative E. Coli than Gram-positive bacteria; however, of the Gram-positive bacteria investigated, B. subtilis was more susceptible than S. aureus.

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Muhammad Ikram, Shabbir Hussain, and Mohsin Javed. "Nature and Therapeutic Potential of Silica-based Mesoporous Bioactive Glass." Scientific Inquiry and Review 3, no. 2 (June 5, 2019): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/sir.32.03.

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Bioactive materials have received much consideration in the last couple of years because of their astounding properties in various fields. Bioactive Glasses (BGs) are utilized as part of biomedical applications, such as antibacterial materials. BGs can be delivered by means of dissolve extinguishing strategy or sol-gel technique. Bactericidal silver-doped sol-gel inferred mesoporous silica-based bioactive glasses were accounted for the first time in 2000, having the synthesis 76SiO2-19CaO-2P2O5-3Ag2O (wt%) and a mean pore width of 28 nm. Bioactive glasses doped with metallic elements such as silver, copper, zinc, cerium and gallium are the focus of this audit in which SiO2, SiO2-CaO and SiO2-CaO-P2O5 frameworks are incorporated as the parent glass creations. Run of the mill uses of mesoporous BGs doped with antibacterial particles incorporate bone tissue recovery, multifunctional earthenware coatings for orthopedic gadgets and orbital inserts, scaffolds with upgraded angiogenesis potential, osteostimulation and antibacterial properties for the treatment of various bone imperfections and also in wound recuperating.

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17

Wekwejt, M., S. Chen, B. Kaczmarek-Szczepańska, M. Nadolska, K. Łukowicz, A. Pałubicka, A. Michno, A. M. Osyczka, M. Michálek, and A. Zieliński. "Nanosilver-loaded PMMA bone cement doped with different bioactive glasses – evaluation of cytocompatibility, antibacterial activity, and mechanical properties." Biomaterials Science 9, no. 8 (2021): 3112–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1bm00079a.

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18

Dadkhah, Mehran, Lucia Pontiroli, Sonia Fiorilli, Antonio Manca, Francesca Tallia, Ion Tcacencu, and Chiara Vitale-Brovarone. "Preparation and characterisation of an innovative injectable calcium sulphate based bone cement for vertebroplasty application." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 5, no. 1 (2017): 102–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tb02139e.

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19

Cui, Xu, Chengcheng Huang, Meng Zhang, Changshun Ruan, Songlin Peng, Li Li, Wenlong Liu, et al. "Enhanced osteointegration of poly(methylmethacrylate) bone cements by incorporating strontium-containing borate bioactive glass." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 14, no. 131 (June 2017): 20161057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.1057.

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Although poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) cements are widely used in orthopaedics, they have numerous drawbacks. This study aimed to improve their bioactivity and osseointegration by incorporating strontium-containing borate bioactive glass (SrBG) as the reinforcement phase and bioactive filler of PMMA cement. The prepared SrBG/PMMA composite cements showed significantly decreased polymerization temperature when compared with PMMA and retained properties of appropriate setting time and high mechanical strength. The bioactivity of SrBG/PMMA composite cements was confirmed in vitro , evidenced by ion release (Ca, P, B and Sr) from SrBG particles. The cellular responses of MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro demonstrated that SrBG incorporation could promote adhesion, migration, proliferation and collagen secretion of cells. Furthermore, our in vivo investigation revealed that SrBG/PMMA composite cements presented better osseointegration than PMMA bone cement. SrBG in the composite cement could stimulate new-bone formation around the interface between the composite cement and host bone at eight and 12 weeks post-implantation, whereas PMMA bone cement only stimulated development of an intervening connective tissue layer. Consequently, the SrBG/PMMA composite cement may be a better alternative to PMMA cement in clinical applications and has promising orthopaedic applications by minimal invasive surgery.

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20

Trambitas, Cristian, Tudor Sorin Pop, Alina Dia Trambitas Miron, Dorin Constantin Dorobantu, and Klara Brinzaniuc. "S53P4 Bioactive Glass - an Alternative Treatment of Bone Defects." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 2 (March 15, 2017): 387–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.2.5459.

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A challenging problem in orthopedic practice is represented by bone defects may they occur from trauma, malignancy, infection or congenital disease. Bioactive Glasses have a widely recognized ability to foster the growth of bone cells, and to bond strongly with both hard and soft tissues. Upon implantation, Bioactive Glasses undergoes specific reactions, leading to the formation of an amorphous calcium phosphate or crystalline hydroxyapatite phase on the surface of the glass, which is responsible for its strong bonding with the surrounding tissue. This phenomenon sustains a more rapid healing of bone defects and presents great antibacterial properties. In this paper we report on a clinical study that uses S53P4 Bioactive Glass to successfully treat bone defects and testify of the good compatibility of this material with human tissues.

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Kankare, J., and N. C. Lindfors. "Reconstruction of Vertebral Bone Defects using an Expandable Replacement Device and Bioactive Glass S53P4 in the Treatment of Vertebral Osteomyelitis: Three Patients and Three Pathogens." Scandinavian Journal of Surgery 105, no. 4 (June 23, 2016): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1457496915626834.

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Background and Aims: Bioactive glass S53P4 is an antibacterial bone substitute with bone-bonding and osteostimulative properties. The bone substitute has been successfully used clinically in spine; trauma; orthopedic; ear, nose, and throat; and cranio-maxillofacial surgeries. Bioactive glass S53P4 significantly reduces the amount of bacteria in vitro and possesses the capacity to kill both planktonic bacteria and bacteria in biofilm. Three patients with severe spondylodiscitis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Candida tropicalis, or Staphylococcus aureus were operatively treated due to failed conservative treatment. The vertebral defects were reconstructed using bioactive glass S53P4 and an expandable replacement device. Material and Methods: Decompression and a posterolateral spondylodesis, using transpedicular fixation, were performed posteriorly in combination with an anterior decompression and reconstruction using an expandable vertebral body replacement device. For patients 1 and 2, the expander was covered with bioactive glass S53P4 only, and for patient 3, the glass was mixed with autograft bone. Results: The patients healed well with complete neurological recovery. Fusion was observed for all patients. The total follow-up was 4 years for patient 1, 1 year and 8 months for patient 2, and 2 years and 2 months for patient 3. No relapses or complications were observed. Conclusion: The antibacterial properties of bioactive glass S53P4 also make it a suitable bone substitute in the treatment of severe spondylodiscitis.

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22

Ducheyne, Paul. "Stimulation of Biological Function With Bioactive Glass." MRS Bulletin 23, no. 11 (November 1998): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400030992.

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An estimated 11 million people in the United States have at least one medical-device implant. Orthopedic implants account for 51.3% of all implants. They include fixation devices (usually fracture fixation) and artificial joints, used in 77% and 23% of the cases, respectively. Among the joint-replacement procedures, hip and knee surgeries represent 90% of the total and in 1988 were performed 310,000 times in this country. Currently more than half the joint-reconstruction devices are used with bone cement, which is a polymer grout that keeps the prosthesis components in place in the bone. The fixation in the other cases depends on the bone's ability to grow in contact with the device. This can be achieved by making the prosthesis surface porous such that bone grows into interstices or by making the surface chemically reactive with bone tissue such that a continuous, uninterrupted transition is formed from tissue to device. Bioactive glasses (BGs) and ceramics are the materials of choice to achieve this effect on bone-tissue bonding. Bone-growth stimulation is also sought in the treatment of difficult fractures. In the United States alone, there are 1.23 million fractures that require a bone plate. Of that total, approximately 1 million require between 10 cm3 and 100 cm3 of graft material to stimulate bone repair. At this time, autogenous bone graft represents the gold standard: This graft is typically bone tissue taken from the patient's own pelvic bone. Given the morbidity associated with this procedure and the frequently insufficient quantities available, extensive efforts for suitable alternatives are currently under way. Calcium phosphate ceramics and glasses, either by themselves or as carriers for bone (or “osteogenic”) cells or various bone-growth factors, are also prime candidates for these applications.

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Samad, Hamizah Abd, Mariatti Jaafar, Radzali Othman, Masakazu Kawashita, and Noor Hayati Abdul Razak. "New bioactive glass-ceramic: Synthesis and application in PMMA bone cement composites." Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering 21, no. 4 (2011): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bme-2011-0673.

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24

Chang, Yuchen, Renliang Zhao, Hui Wang, Libin Pang, Jingxin Ding, Yifan Shen, Yanjie Guo, and Deping Wang. "A novel injectable whitlockite-containing borosilicate bioactive glass cement for bone repair." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 547 (November 2020): 120291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2020.120291.

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25

Yuchen, CHANG, LIN Ziyang, XIE Xin, WU Zhangfan, YAO Aihua, YE Song, LIN Jian, WANG Deping, and CUI Xu. "An Injectable Composite Bone Cement Based on Mesoporous Borosilicate Bioactive Glass Spheres." Journal of Inorganic Materials 35, no. 12 (2020): 1398. http://dx.doi.org/10.15541/jim20200140.

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26

Yu, Long, Yang Li, Kang Zhao, Yufei Tang, Zhe Cheng, Jun Chen, Yuan Zang, et al. "A Novel Injectable Calcium Phosphate Cement-Bioactive Glass Composite for Bone Regeneration." PLoS ONE 8, no. 4 (April 25, 2013): e62570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062570.

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27

Kobayashi, Masahiko, Takashi Nakamura, Jiro Tamura, Hirokazu Iida, Hiroshi Fujita, Tadashi Kokubo, and Takemi Kikutani. "Mechanical and biological properties of bioactive bone cement containing silica glass powder." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 37, no. 1 (October 1997): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199710)37:1<68::aid-jbm9>3.0.co;2-h.

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Cole, Kimberly A., Grahmm A. Funk, Mohamed N. Rahaman, and Terence E. McIff. "Characterization of the conversion of bone cement and borate bioactive glass composites." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials 108, no. 4 (May 2020): 1580–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.34505.

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Schumacher, M., L. Reither, J. Thomas, M. Kampschulte, U. Gbureck, A. Lode, and M. Gelinsky. "Calcium phosphate bone cement/mesoporous bioactive glass composites for controlled growth factor delivery." Biomaterials Science 5, no. 3 (2017): 578–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6bm00903d.

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The composites of calcium phosphate bone cements and mesoporous bioactive glass allow the controlled, local delivery of growth factors into specific bone defects while maintaining their biologic activity.

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Kastrin, Matevž, Vilma Urbančič Rovan, and Igor Frangež. "Possible Advantages of S53P4 Bioactive Glass in the Treatment of Septic Osteoarthritis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint in the Diabetic Foot." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 6 (March 15, 2021): 1208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10061208.

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Biomechanically, the great toe with its metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint plays a key role in standing and walking, making the first MTP joint one of the main predilection sites for ulcer formation, and consequently for bone and joint infection and even amputation. If conservative treatment fails, the main goal of surgery is to remove all infected tissue and preserve the first ray. To improve surgical outcomes, development of new biomaterials like Bioactive Glass S53P4 has begun. Bioactive Glass is useful because of its antibacterial properties; furthermore, its osteostimulative and osteoconductive qualities make the bone substitute particularly suitable as a bone defect filler for the treatment of osteomyelitis. The aim of our retrospective observational study was to compare the outcomes following ulcerectomy with segmental resection of the infected joint and bone and temporary stabilization with an external fixator, both with and without added Bioactive Glass. A comparison of added Bioactive Glass with the traditional surgical treatment in septic osteoarthritis of the first MTP joint showed Bioactive Glass to be effective. During a one-year follow-up, patients with Bioactive Glass required no additional antibiotic therapy or surgical intervention. Bioactive Glass, when applied to the diabetic foot, showed itself to be a safe bone substitute biomaterial.

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Fujita, H., T. Nakamura, J. Tamura, M. Kobayashi, Y. Katsura, T. Kokubo, and T. Kikutani. "Bioactive bone cement: Effect of the amount of glass-ceramic powder on bone-bonding strength." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 40, no. 1 (April 1998): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199804)40:1<145::aid-jbm17>3.0.co;2-n.

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Xie, Xin, Libin Pang, Aihua Yao, Song Ye, and Deping Wang. "Nanocement Produced from Borosilicate Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles Composited with Alginate." Australian Journal of Chemistry 72, no. 5 (2019): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch18410.

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A novel injectable bone cement was prepared using sol–gel derived borosilicate bioactive glass nanoparticles as a solid phase and sodium alginate solution as a liquid phase. The gelation reaction of the alginate was modulated by Ca2+ ions released from the borosilicate glass phase, which in turn greatly depended on the boron content of the borosilicate glass phase. Such a gelation reaction not only significantly enhanced the anti-washout property of the bone cements, but also allowed control of the setting, handling properties, and compressive strength of the composite bone cements. Consequently, bone cements with controllable performances can be developed by simply adjusting the B2O3/SiO2 ratio of the borosilicate glass phase. Borosilicate bioactive glass with 20–30 mol-% borate contents exhibit a short setting time, good compressive strength, injectability, and anti-washout properties. With controllable performances and excellent bioactivity, the borosilicate bioactive glass/sodium alginate (BSBG/SA) composite bone cements are highly attractive for bone filling and regeneration applications.

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Valencia Zapata, Mayra Eliana, José Herminsul Mina Hernandez, Carlos David Grande Tovar, Carlos Humberto Valencia Llano, José Alfredo Diaz Escobar, Blanca Vázquez-Lasa, Julio San Román, and Luis Rojo. "Novel Bioactive and Antibacterial Acrylic Bone Cement Nanocomposites Modified with Graphene Oxide and Chitosan." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 12 (June 15, 2019): 2938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122938.

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Acrylic bone cements (ABCs) have played a key role in orthopedic surgery mainly in arthroplasties, but their use is increasingly extending to other applications, such as remodeling of cancerous bones, cranioplasties, and vertebroplasties. However, these materials present some limitations related to their inert behavior and the risk of infection after implantation, which leads to a lack of attachment and makes necessary new surgical interventions. In this research, the physicochemical, thermal, mechanical, and biological properties of ABCs modified with chitosan (CS) and graphene oxide (GO) were studied. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman mapping, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), compression resistance, mechanical dynamic analysis (DMA), hydrolytic degradation, cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity with human osteoblasts (HOb), and antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli were used to characterize the ABCs. The results revealed good dispersion of GO nanosheets in the ABCs. GO provided an increase in antibacterial activity, roughness, and flexural behavior, while CS generated porosity, increased the rate of degradation, and decreased compression properties. All ABCs were not cytotoxic and support good cell viability of HOb. The novel formulation of ABCs containing GO and CS simultaneously, increased the thermal stability, flexural modulus, antibacterial behavior, and osteogenic activity, which gives it a high potential for its uses in orthopedic applications.

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Echezarreta-López, María Magdalena, Trinidad de Miguel, Félix Quintero, Juan Pou, and Mariana Landín. "Fabrication of Zn-Sr–doped laser-spinning glass nanofibers with antibacterial properties." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 31, no. 6 (December 20, 2016): 819–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885328216684652.

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The morphology and dimensions of bioactive materials are essential attributes to promote tissue culture. Bioactive materials with nanofibrous structure have excellent potential to be used as bone-defect fillers, since they mimic the collagen in the extracellular matrix. On the other hand, bioactive glasses with applications in regenerative medicine may present antibacterial properties, which depend on glass composition, concentration and the microorganisms tested. Likewise, their morphology may influence their antibacterial activity too. In the present work, the laser-spinning technique was used to produce bioactive glass nanofibers of two different compositions: 45S5 Bioglass® and ICIE16M, bioactive glass doped with zinc and strontium. Their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was tested by culturing them in dynamic conditions. Bacterial growth index profiles during the first days of experiment can be explained by the variations in the pH values of the media. The bactericidal effect of the doped nanofibers at longer times is justified by the release of zinc and strontium ions. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by means of cell viability tests performed with BALB/3T3 cell line.

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Goñi, I., R. Rodríguez, I. García‐Arnáez, J. Parra, and M. Gurruchaga. "Preparation and characterization of injectable PMMA‐strontium‐substituted bioactive glass bone cement composites." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials 106, no. 3 (June 5, 2017): 1245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.33935.

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Otsuka, M. "Antibiotic delivery system using bioactive bone cement consisting of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA resin and bioactive glass ceramics." Biomaterials 18, no. 21 (1997): 1559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-9612(97)00097-5.

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37

Otsuka, M., M. Sawada, Y. Matsuda, T. Nakamura, and T. Kokubo. "Antibiotic delivery system using bioactive bone cement consisting of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA resin and bioactive glass ceramics." Biomaterials 18, no. 23 (December 1997): 1559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-9612(97)80008-7.

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38

Seyedmajidi, Seyedali, Ramazan Rajabnia, and Maryam Seyedmajidi. "Evaluation of antibacterial properties of hydroxyapatite/bioactive glass and fluorapatite/bioactive glass nanocomposite foams as a cellular scaffold of bone tissue." Journal of Laboratory Physicians 10, no. 03 (July 2018): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jlp.jlp_167_17.

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ABSTRACT AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Infection is a serious problem for patients after implantation surgery, which is difficult to treat with antibiotic therapy. The present study was developed to evaluate and compare the antibacterial properties of hydroxyapatite/bioactive glass (HA/BG) and fluorapatite/bioactive glass (FA/ BG) nanocomposite foams as a cellular scaffold for use in bone defects by two macrodilution and disk diffusion methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Streptococcus mutans were cultured in brain heart infusion broth medium with nanocomposite powder for 5 days, and their bioactivity levels were evaluated by daily culturing on solid agar medium plates. To carry out the disk diffusion test, a disc form of nanocomposite foams was used on agar medium with 48 h incubation. Results: None of two nanocomposites even at their highest concentration (200 mg/mL) did not prevent the growth of two Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis microorganisms. However, HA/BG nanocomposite on the 3rd day at a concentration of 200 mg/mL and on 4th and 5th day at a concentration of 100 mg/mL and FA/BG nanocomposite on the 4th day at a concentration of 100 mg/mL and on the 5th day at a concentration of 50 mg/mL could be able to kill Streptococcus mutans microorganism. In the disc diffusion test, none of the nanocomposites could create a nongrowth zone. Both tested biomaterials showed increased antibacterial properties over time and concentration increase. Conclusions: HA/BG and FA/BG nanocomposites, due to their biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties, are good choices for implantation instead of damaged bone tissue in tissue engineering.

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Riaz, Madeeha, Rehana Zia, and Farhat Saleemi. "Synthesis and evaluation of factors affecting the in vitro bioactivity and antibacterial activity of bioactive glass ceramics." International Journal of Modern Physics B 31, no. 01 (January 10, 2017): 1650246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979216502465.

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In the present study, two novel silicate glass-ceramics having chemical composition 38SiO2–41CaO–6P2O5–([Formula: see text])Na2O–[Formula: see text]CaF2 ([Formula: see text], 0.43 mol%) were synthesized. These glass derivatives were subjected to stimulated body fluid for 24 days in SBF under static condition at [Formula: see text]C in order to evaluate the bioactive properties of specimens. The antibacterial activity of glass ceramics against three pathogenic bacteria was determined using the modified Kirby Bauer method. It was found that the antibacterial activity primarily depends on the dissolution rate; faster release of ions caused rapid increase in the pH of the solution. Antibacterial properties were found to be strongly affected by changes in the pH of supernatant. The in vitro bioactivity assays showed that both glass derivatives were capable of bonding with bone and secondly effectively inhibit bacteria. However, the glass ceramic without CaF2 (B2) showed high dissolution rate, better bioactive ability and stronger antibacterial efficacy.

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Pei, Peng, Xin Qi, Xiaoyu Du, Min Zhu, Shichang Zhao, and Yufang Zhu. "Three-dimensional printing of tricalcium silicate/mesoporous bioactive glass cement scaffolds for bone regeneration." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 4, no. 46 (2016): 7452–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tb02055k.

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Tricalcium silicate/mesoporous bioactive glass (C3S/MBG) cement scaffolds were successfully fabricated for the first time by 3D printing with a curing process, which combined the hydraulicity of C3S with the excellent biological property of MBG together.

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Testa, Gianluca, Andrea Vescio, Domenico Costantino Aloj, Danilo Costa, Giacomo Papotto, Luca Gurrieri, Giuseppe Sessa, and Vito Pavone. "Treatment of Infected Tibial Non-Unions with Ilizarov Technique: A Case Series." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 5 (May 5, 2020): 1352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051352.

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Background: The Ilizarov external fixation technique has been widely used for the treatment of long-bone infected non-unions. After surgical infected bone resection, to allow filling of the remaining bone gap, biomaterials with antibacterial properties could be used. The aim of this study was to report outcomes of infected tibial non-unions treated using the Ilizarov technique and antibacterial bioactive glass. Methods: Between April 2009 and December 2014, 26 patients with infected tibial non-unions were treated with the Ilizarov technique and possible use of the bioactive glass, S53P4. The Association for the Study and Application of Methods of Ilizarov (ASAMI) criteria, a clinical and radiographic evaluating tool, was used for assessing the sample. Results: The average age at the start of treatment was 51 years. The mean follow-up time was 113 weeks. According to the ASAMI Functional Scoring System, 10 excellent (38.5%) cases and 12 good (46.1%) values were recorded. According to the ASAMI Radiological System, they were excellent in 16 (61.5%) cases and good in nine (34.6%). Conclusions: Treatment of infected tibial non-unions using the Ilizarov technique was effective in bone segment regeneration. To fill the remaining bone gap, additional bioactive glass S53P4 could be used, allowing a decrease in re-interventions and minimizing complications.

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El-Fiqi, Ahmed, Joong-Hyun Kim, Roman A. Perez, and Hae-Won Kim. "Novel bioactive nanocomposite cement formulations with potential properties: incorporation of the nanoparticle form of mesoporous bioactive glass into calcium phosphate cements." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 3, no. 7 (2015): 1321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tb01634c.

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Vitale-Brovarone, Chiara, Lucia Pontiroli, Giorgia Novajra, Ion Tcacencu, J. C. Reis, and Antonio Manca. "Spine-Ghost: A New Bioactive Cement for Vertebroplasty." Key Engineering Materials 631 (November 2014): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.631.43.

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An innovative, resorbable and injectable composite cement (Spine-Ghost) to be used for augmentation and restoration of fractured vertebrae was developed. Type III α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) was selected as the bioresorbable matrix, while spray-dried mesoporous bioactive particles (SD-MBP, composition 80/20% mol SiO2/CaO), were added to impart high bioactive properties to the cement; a glass-ceramic containing zirconia was chosen as a second dispersed phase, in order to increase the radiopacity of the material. After mixing with water, an injectable paste was obtained. The developed cement proved to be mechanically compatible with healthy cancellous bone, resorbable and bioactive by soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF), cytocompatible through in-vitro cell cultures and it could be injected in ex-vivo sheep vertebra. Comparisons with a commercial control were carried out.

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Bano, Shaher, Memoona Akhtar, Muhammad Yasir, Muhammad Salman Maqbool, Akbar Niaz, Abdul Wadood, and Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman. "Synthesis and Characterization of Silver–Strontium (Ag-Sr)-Doped Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles." Gels 7, no. 2 (March 24, 2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7020034.

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Biomedical implants are the need of this era due to the increase in number of accidents and follow-up surgeries. Different types of bone diseases such as osteoarthritis, osteomalacia, bone cancer, etc., are increasing globally. Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs) are used in biomedical devices due to their osteointegration and bioactive properties. In this study, silver (Ag)- and strontium (Sr)-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Ag-Sr MBGNs) were prepared by a modified Stöber process. In this method, Ag+ and Sr2+ were co-substituted in pure MBGNs to harvest the antibacterial properties of Ag ions, as well as pro-osteogenic potential of Sr2 ions. The effect of the two-ion concentration on morphology, surface charge, composition, antibacterial ability, and in-vitro bioactivity was studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the doping of Sr and Ag in MBGNs. SEM and EDX analysis confirmed the spherical morphology and typical composition of MBGNs, respectively. The Ag-Sr MBGNs showed a strong antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus carnosus and Escherichia coli bacteria determined via turbidity and disc diffusion method. Moreover, the synthesized Ag-Sr MBGNs develop apatite-like crystals upon immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF), which suggested that the addition of Sr improved in vitro bioactivity. The Ag-Sr MBGNs synthesized in this study can be used for the preparation of scaffolds or as a filler material in the composite coatings for bone tissue engineering.

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Fernandes, João S., Piergiorgio Gentile, Ricardo A. Pires, Rui L. Reis, and Paul V. Hatton. "Multifunctional bioactive glass and glass-ceramic biomaterials with antibacterial properties for repair and regeneration of bone tissue." Acta Biomaterialia 59 (September 2017): 2–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2017.06.046.

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46

Cui, Xu, Yadong Zhang, Hui Wang, Yifei Gu, Le Li, Jie Zhou, Shichang Zhao, et al. "An injectable borate bioactive glass cement for bone repair: Preparation, bioactivity and setting mechanism." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 432 (January 2016): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2015.06.001.

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Ranga, Narender, Suman Gahlyan, and Surender Duhan. "Antibacterial Efficiency of Zn, Mg and Sr Doped Bioactive Glass for Bone Tissue Engineering." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 2465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17336.

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Baino, Francesco. "Copper-Doped Ordered Mesoporous Bioactive Glass: A Promising Multifunctional Platform for Bone Tissue Engineering." Bioengineering 7, no. 2 (May 21, 2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering7020045.

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The design and development of biomaterials with multifunctional properties is highly attractive in the context of bone tissue engineering due to the potential of providing multiple therapies and, thus, better treatment of diseases. In order to tackle this challenge, copper-doped silicate mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) were synthesized via a sol-gel route coupled with an evaporation-induced self-assembly process by using a non-ionic block co-polymer as a structure directing agent. The structure and textural properties of calcined materials were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning-transmission electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements. In vitro bioactivity was assessed by immersion tests in simulated body fluid (SBF). Preliminary antibacterial tests using Staphylococcus aureus were also carried out. Copper-doped glasses revealed an ordered arrangement of mesopores (diameter around 5 nm) and exhibited apatite-forming ability in SBF along with promising antibacterial properties. These results suggest the potential suitability of copper-doped MBG powder for use as a multifunctional biomaterial to promote bone regeneration (bioactivity) and prevent/combat microbial infection at the implantation site, thereby promoting tissue healing.

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Otsuka, Makoto, Yoshinori Nakahigashi, Yoshihisa Matsuda, Tadashi Kokubo, Satoru Yoshihara, Hiroshi Fujita, and Takashi Nakamura. "The in vitro and in vivo indomethacin release from self-setting bioactive glass bone cement." Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering 7, no. 5 (1997): 291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bme-1997-7502.

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Tamura, Jiro, Keiichi Kawanabe, Takao Yamamuro, Takashi Nakamura, Tadashi Kokubo, Satoru Yoshihara, and Takehiro Shibuya. "Bioactive bone cement: The effect of amounts of glass powder and histologic changes with time." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 29, no. 5 (May 1995): 551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820290502.

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