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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bioavailability'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Fresen, John Lawrence. "Statistical aspects of bioavailability." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17004.

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Includes bibliography.<br>In 1984 it became legal for pharmacists to offer customers a cheaper generic alternative for a given prescription. The motivation for this was the excessively high cost of brand name drugs. The substitution of a generic alternative for a brand name drug is based on the assumption that drugs with a comparable chemical composition will have a similar therapeutic effect. The fact that this supposition is not always true has been demonstrated by a number of particular drugs, digoxon being perhaps the most vivid example. The objective of this thesis is to review the statis
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2

Menjoge, A. R. "Enhancing bioavailability of drugs." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2006. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2512.

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3

Montaseri, Hashem. "Taxol, solubility, stability, and bioavailability." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq21604.pdf.

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4

Stroud, Jacqueline L. "Bioavailability of hydrocarbons in soils." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441365.

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5

Jaganath, Indu Bala. "Dietary flavonoids : bioavailability and biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418903.

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6

Jugdaohsingh, Ravin. "Soluble silica and aluminium bioavailability." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312026.

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7

Re, Roberta. "Lycopene : antioxidant properties and bioavailability." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248044.

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8

Muchow, Marc. "Nanocarriers for oral bioavailability enhancement." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10073/document.

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Le but général de ce travail correspond à l’amélioration de la biodisponibilité de principes actifs connus pour leur faible biodisponibilité (testostérone) ou pour leur caractère lipidique (acides gras oméga 3). Des systèmes nanoparticulaires à base de lipides et des systèmes nanocristaux ont été développés notamment dans le cas de la testostérone, afin d’obtenir une biodisponibilité supérieure au système oral actuellement commercialisé, Andriol Testocaps®. L’autre partie de ce travail consistait en la conception d’une formule d’acides gras omega -3 dans des nanoparticules lipidiques, suscepti
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9

Koprivnjak, Jean-François. "Natural Organic Matter: Isolation and Bioavailability." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14564.

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Electrodialysis (ED) experiments were conducted on reverse osmosis (RO)-concentrated solutions of NOM from six rivers. The ED processes successfully recovered 88 11% of TOC, and removed 83% 19% of SO42- and 67% 18% of H4SiO4. More importantly, the molar ratios of SO42- /TOC and H4SiO4 /TOC were reduced to a mean value of 0.0046 and 0.032, respectively, surpassing the goal for removal of SO42- (0.008) and almost achieving the goal for removal of H4SiO4 (0.021). The ED process can lower the SO42- /TOC ratio in samples whose initial SO42- /TOC ratios are already far below the limit of 0.008
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Koprivnjak, Jean-Franȯis. "Natural organic matter isolation and bioavailability /." Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007, 2007. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04082007-154052/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.<br>Perdue, E. Michael, Committee Chair ; Ingall, Ellery, Committee Member ; Stack, Andrew, Committee Member ; Nenes, Athanasios, Committee Member ; Pfromm, Peter, Committee Member.
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11

Voigt, Astrid. "Bioavailability of trace metals to plants." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19561.

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Soil quality guidelines are currently based on total trace metal loads. There is a need to define indices of bioavailability to allow reasonable predictions for plant metal uptake and toxicity in soils. Trace metal toxicities to plants often correlate best with free metal ion activities. The first objective was to develop a plant bioassay that is sensitive to trace metals at concentrations realistic for soils. The root elongation of lettuce Lactuca sativa 'Buttercrunch' was used as toxicological endpoint. This endpoint was sensitive and reproducible to environmentally relevant concentrations o
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12

Yates, Kyari. "Bioavailability of organic contaminants in sediments." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/588.

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The bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and chlorobiphenyls (CBs) in sediments is largely dependent on the freely dissolved concentration of these pollutants. However, measuring these is challenging, due to the low concentrations of lipophilic contaminants in the environment and their strong affinity for particles and for traditional sampling (filtration and centrifugation) equipment. An equilibrium passive sampling device made of silicone rubber was developed in this research to measure the freely dissolved concentrations of lipophilic contaminants and other parameters
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13

Niwat, Chutamat. "Bioavailability and nutritional effects of phyochemicals." Thesis, University of Reading, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553070.

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Recent epidemiological studies have shown that consuming a diet rich in fruits and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. The hypothesis of this thesis is that increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables in the form of soups and drinks will increase the plasma phytochemical concentrations, antioxidant status and improve the oxidative stability of LDL ex vivo. The thesis describes two intervention studies. The first was a chronic study, which investigated the bioavailability of carotenoids and beneficial effects of carotenoid-rich foods in the
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14

Keaveney, Edel M. "Bioavailability and bioactivity of wholegrain components." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.554199.

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Epidemiological evidence suggests that a diet rich in whole grains protects against the development of chronic diseases such as vascular disease. Whole grain fractions bran and aleurone are relatively good sources of to cop hero Is, trace minerals and methyl donors: folate, choline and betaine; components which may confer benefit through improving antioxidant status and lowering plasma homocysteine. The aim of this work was to evaluate the uptake of to cop hero Is and methyl donors from wheat bran and aleurone fractions, and to assess the effects of longer-term consumption of aleurone-enriched
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15

Rogers-Boss, S. M. "Intestinal metabolism and bioavailability of ethinyloestradiol." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382118.

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16

Osmundsen, Sugrunn Anne. "Particulate strategies for improving oral bioavailability." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417335.

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17

McCullough, Fiona S. W. "Vitamin A - gut integrity and bioavailability." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326129.

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18

Attanayake, Chammi. "Bioavailability of contaminants in urban soils." Diss., Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17601.

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Doctor of Philosophy<br>Department of Agronomy<br>Ganga M. Hettiarachchi<br>Urban soils may contain harmful levels of potentially toxic contaminants. These contaminants transfer to humans via two exposure pathways: direct transfer (soil-humans by soil ingestion, dermal exposure and inhalation) and food chain transfer (soil-plant-humans). Soil amendments alter the speciation of the contaminants in soils and thereby modify their bioavailability. The objectives of this research were to access the plant availability of lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); bioaccess
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19

Onogbosele, Cyril Oziegbe. "Bioavailability of organic contaminants in rivers." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/11050.

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In rivers, association of organic contaminants with dissolved organic carbon may limit freely dissolved or bioavailable fractions and toxicity of organic contaminants. Consequently, assessment of toxicity of organic contaminants on the basis of their total chemical concentrations may lead to overestimation of risks to organic contaminants. Therefore, to achieve reliable and accurate risks assessment for organic contaminants, determination of bioavailability is important. The influence of humic acid on the bioavailability of organic contaminants in rivers was studied, using three chemicals with
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20

Lau, Yeuk Tin. "Bioavailability and bioactivity enhancement by nanomization /." View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?BIEN%202009%20LAU.

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21

Gustavsson, Jenny. "Cobalt and Nickel Bioavailability for Biogas Formation." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema vatten i natur och samhälle, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-73113.

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Supplementation of trace metals such as Co and Ni may improve anaerobic digestion of organic material for biogas formation. Which trace metals that are needed and the quantity to apply are, at least partly, related to metal speciation and bioavailability. According to the common perception, metals have to be dissolved to be available for microbial uptake. However, the impact of trace metal speciation on bioavailability is still unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of Fe-, Co- and Ni-addition on the biogas process performance of stillage-fed lab-scale biogas t
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22

Mohteshamzadeh, Mobin. "Hypertension, insulin resistance and vitric oxide bioavailability." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270768.

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23

Bramwell, Debbie-Ann. "Surfactant solubilization and subsequent bioavailability of phenanthrene." FIU Digital Commons, 1997. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1787.

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Contamination of soil, sediment and groundwater by hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) is a matter of growing concern because groundwater is a valuable and limited resource, and because such contamination is difficult to address. This investigation involved an experimental evaluation of the addition of several surfactant solutions to aqueous and soil-water systems contaminated with phenanthrene, a selected HOC. The results are presented in terms of: * phenanthrene solubilization achieved through surfactant addition * observed effects of surfactant addition on the mineralization of phenanthren
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24

Mereish, Kulthoum A. "Alteration of cyclosporin : a bioavailability through complexation /." Ann Arbor : University Microfilms International, 1985. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/01641747x.pdf.

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25

Knight, Bruce Philip. "Heavy metal speciation and bioavailability to microbes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243803.

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26

Judy, Jonathan D. "Bioavailability of Manufactured Nanomaterials in Terrestrial Ecosystems." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_etds/18.

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Manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) from the rapidly increasing number of consumer products that contain MNMs are being discharged into waste streams. Increasing evidence suggests that several classes of MNMs may accumulate in sludge derived from wastewater treatment and ultimately in soil following land application as biosolids. Little research has been conducted to evaluate the impact of MNMs on terrestrial ecosystems, despite the fact that land application of biosolids from wastewater treatment will be a major pathway for the introduction of MNMs to the environment. To begin addressing this k
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27

Dingle, Pope Nicholas. "The bioavailability of sediment-bound tributyltin (TBT)." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2606.

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Tributyltin is arguably the most toxic compound ever to be deliberately introduced into the marine environment as an ingredient of antifouling paints. It has had widespread toxic effects on a range of marine organisms, with some gastropod species being particularly sensitive. Effects of TBT on non-target species have resulted in partial bans on its use in many countries, so that new inputs to the water column have decreased in most areas. One of the physicochemical features of TBT is that it is readily sequestered by suspended particulates due to its low solubility and its hydrophobicity, ther
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28

Bryce, Steven Alan. "Regulation of the bioavailability of CCR7 ligands." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5904/.

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The efficient functioning of the immune system is dependent on the coordinated movement and positioning of immune cells. These cells patrol the body and facilitate the clearance of pathogens, whilst maintaining self-tolerance and inducing adaptive immunity. The coordinated migration of cells into and within tissues is mediated by chemokines, a family of small chemotactic cytokines that are potent inducers of cellular movement. Chemokines and their cognate receptors have been shown to play key roles in health, and in a broad spectrum of diseases. After their secretion, chemokines can be control
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29

Jing, Jung. "Bioavailability of cadmium in municipal sewage sludge /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487683049375578.

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30

Winstanley, Henry Fletcher. "Mathematical modelling of biofilm growth and bioavailability." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589760.

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This thesis relates to the mathematical modelling of biofilm in two primary areas: biofilm growth, and the effect of microbial immobilisation in biofilm on environmen- tal contaminant transport in the Earth's subsurface. For biofilm growth we construct a model based on polymer solution theory. Parameter estimates motivate a very different model from two published biofilm models also based on polymer solution theory. Analysis of ID solutions provides an expression for growth rate suitable for comparison with experiment. Stability analysis of spatial perturbations to a growing planar front revea
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31

GIANNINO, VALENTINA. "BIOAVAILABILITY ENHANCEMENT OF POORLY WATER SOLUBLE DRUGS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1321847.

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32

CORRIAS, FRANCESCO. "Nanocarriers for drug targeting and improved bioavailability." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266439.

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This PhD thesis debates, mostly, on two main topics: - Drug delivery to brain - Nanosuspensions for different applications The objective of the first topic was the development of liposomes to which anti-TfR-monoclonal antibodies (Ox26) or lactoferrin was bounded to transport the selective NK3 receptor agonist senktide to CNS across the BBB. NK3 receptors are widely expressed in the CNS and their stimulation by senktide (ICV) increase extracellular DA. Liposomes were prepared using the film hydration method. In vivo microdialysis studies were performed to estimate the responsiveness of NAc s
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33

Cooney, Rita A. "Speciation and identification of selenium compounds in biological matrices." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30258.

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34

Young, Riki G. "Effect of organic matter and contact time on the sorption and bioavailability of chlorophenols." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12042009-020047/.

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35

Lønborg, Christian. "Bioavailability of dissolved organic matter in coastal waters." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=59094.

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36

Quattrini, Federico. "Emerging Techniques for Inorganic Metal Speciation and Bioavailability." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664422.

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El coneixement profund de la especiació dels metalls pesants és clau per a determinar la seva biodisponibilitat. Per això cal complementar la informació sobre les concentracions amb la informació sobre els fluxos d’internalització. Diverses tècniques analítiques han estat desenvolupades amb aquesta fi, i algunes d’elles aprofiten les propietats de les resines d’intercanvi iònic o quelants. D’una banda, aquesta tesi investiga la velocitat d’acumulació d’ions metàl·lics a la resina Chelex 100, sigui experimentalment o a través d’un model teòric. Aquesta interpretació permet descriure els efec
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37

Cook, Nicola. "Bioavailability of trace metals in urban contaminated soils." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0007/NQ44391.pdf.

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38

Proulx, Amy Katheryn. "Diversified strategies for improving iron bioavailability of maize." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.

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39

Cook, Nicola. "Bioavailability of trace metals in urban contaminated soils." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34934.

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There are two main components to the research: the theoretical and the experimental. Chapter 2 contains an analysis of the state of soil quality guidelines and the scientific methods used to determine them. A number of recommendations to improve soil quality criteria for trace metals are offered including the importance of considering bioavailability and the need to use realistic conditions, trace metal sources and organisms.<br>A critical review of the literature dealing with predicting the availability of trace metals to plants is presented in Chapter 3. We found little agreement among hundr
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40

Hills, Elizabeth Eileen. "The prediction of human oral bioavailability of drugs." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444302/.

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The aim of this project was to develop a model for prediction of bioavailability of drug compounds from structural features. Literature bioavailability data was gathered for over 700 compounds. This data was evaluated and assigned a quality score. Prodrugs and drugs known to be actively transported were excluded from the dataset. The factors that affect bioavailability include solubility, permeability and first-pass metabolism. Each of these factors was considered. The first stage was to develop a model to predict solubility and to study the effects of pH on solubility. Solubility was measured
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41

Hamill, Lesley L. "Whole grain components : bioavailability and bioactivity in humans." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.554200.

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Epidemiological evidence indicates that increased consumption of whole grain foods is associated with decreased incidence of chronic diseases. The mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood but may be due to the antioxidant effects of phenolics or other components. The first postprandial study assessed the effects of consumption of minimally processed wheat bran and aleurone fractions on ferulic acid responses and antioxidant measures in humans. Results showed that both fractions significantly increased urinary total phenolics and plasma and urinary ferulic acid, and that plasma
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42

Fenlon, Katie Alexandra. "Fate, Behaviour and Bioavailability of Pesticides in Soils." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504165.

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43

Rinze, Ruth E. "Regulation of endothelial cell growth by tetrahydrobiopterin bioavailability." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555298.

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The vascular endothelium plays a critical role in the regulation of vascular homeostasis. Endothelial cell injury, loss, survival and regeneration are important aspects in the response to vascular injury and pathogenesis of vascular disease. Re- endothelialization has been shown to be a key event in vascular repair after injury. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eN OS) is a key regulator of endothelial cell biology. Loss of NO bioavailability in endothelial dysfunction states is an early step in the development of atherosclerosis. The cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin
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44

Ripszam, Matyas. "Bioavailability of organic contaminants in a changing climate." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-98828.

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The effects of predicted future climate change was investigated with special emphasis on the association of organic contaminants with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Baltic Sea. An automated method was developed for the measurements of DOC - water distribution constants at realistic DOC concentrations in brackish water. The method proved to be valid for 30 organic contaminants with different structural elements in the 5 – 100 mg car bon/L DOC concentration range. There were limitations of this method. Firstly, its applicability is limited towards contaminants with lower affinity to DOC.
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45

Russell, Lisa Maria. "Dermatopharmacokinetics : an approach to evaluate topical drug bioavailability." Thesis, University of Bath, 2008. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512306.

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Skin, more specifically the outermost skin layer, the stratum corneum (SC), forms an extremely effective barrier, preventing both the loss of heat and water, and the ingress of micro-organisms and chemicals. Assessing the rate and extent of drug permeation into or through the skin is important both to evaluate the usefulness of a drug for topical or transdermal delivery, and to compare different formulations to assess their bioequivalence. Prediction of drug permeation is logistically, ethically and economically preferable to in vivo measurements. The recent progress that has been made with em
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46

Lim, Jina. "EVALUATION OF L-METHIONINE BIOAVAILABILITY IN NURSERY PIGS." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/54.

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DL-Methionine (Met) has been conventionally used in swine diets with assumption of similar bioefficacy with L-Met. However, because L-Met is the form that is utilized by animals for protein synthesis, L-Met could, theoretically, be more available. Four experiments were conducted to evaluate L-Met bioavailability in nursery pigs with 21-day growth trials. A total of 105,105,112 and 84 crossbred pigs were used in Exp. 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Each experiment had a low Met basal diet and 3 levels of the Met sources (DL-Met and L-Met). In addition to the basal diet, supplementation levels were
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47

Magnus, Ashley Denis. "Aspects of the bioavailability of topical corticosteroid formulations." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009516.

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Two possible variables of the McKenzie/Stoughton blanching assay, namely amount applied to the test site and occlusion time have been investigated. Subsequently, two topical steroid preparations, Synalar cream (0,025% fluocinolone acetonide) and Betnovate cream (0,1% betamethasone 17-valer ate) were extemporaneously diluted with five and six placebo bases respectively. Taking cognizance of the two possible variables, these diluted preparations were assessed in vivo using a modified version of the McKenzie/Stoughton blanching assay for blanching activity over a 14 month period. It was found tha
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48

Conder, Jason M. "Bioavailability and toxicity of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in sediment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5549/.

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TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) is a persistent contaminant at many military installations and poses a threat to aquatic ecosystems. Data from environmental fate and toxicity studies with TNT revealed that sediment toxicity test procedures required modification to accurately assess sediment TNT toxicity. Key modifications included aging TNT-spiked sediments 8-14 d, basing lethal dose on measured sediment concentrations of the molar sum of TNT and its main nitroaromatic (NA) transformation products (SNA), basing sublethal dose on average sediment SNA concentrations obtained from integration of se
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49

Meyer, Eric. "Comparative bioavailability and ranking of topical corticosteroid formulations." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001471.

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Numerous experiments in recent years have indicated differences in the bioavailability of corticosteroids from seemingly identical topical dosage forms. The human blanching assay was utilized in this study to assess the comparative blanching activities of various locally manufactured proprietary corticosteroid preparations. The first experiment was performed to assess the relative blanching activities of six semi - solid preparations containing the same concentration of betamethasone 17-valerate. The preparations used were Betnovate cream and ointment, Persivate cream and ointment and Celestod
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50

Öhrvik, Veronica. "Folate bioavailability in vitro experiments and human trials /." Uppsala : Dept. of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://epsilon.slu.se/200963.pdf.

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