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Journal articles on the topic 'Biochemical markers ; Breast – Cancer – Molecular diagnosis'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

El-Assal. "Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer using Molecular, Biochemical and Pathological Markers." American Journal of Applied Sciences 8, no. 1 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2011.1.8.

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2

Lee, Ahwon, Yonggoo Kim, Kyungja Han, Chang Suk Kang, Hae Myung Jeon, and Sang In Shim. "Detection of Tumor Markers Including Carcinoembryonic Antigen, APC, and Cyclin D2 in Fine-Needle Aspiration Fluid of Breast." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 128, no. 11 (2004): 1251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2004-128-1251-dotmic.

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Abstract Context.—The traditional triple test for breast cancer diagnosis is physical examination, mammography, and aspiration cytology. However, the accuracy of mammography on young women with nonatrophied breasts is poor compared with that for women older than 50 years, and additional methods for diagnosis of breast cancer are needed. Objective.—To investigate whether carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA 15-3, and CA 125 concentrations in breast aspiration fluid are useful as breast cancer biochemical markers and whether APC and cyclin D2 gene promoter hypermethylation could be regarded as a b

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3

He, Qiuhong, Ray Z. Xu, Pavel Shkarin, et al. "Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging of Tumor Metabolic Markers for Cancer Diagnosis, Metabolic Phenotyping, and Characterization of Tumor Microenvironment." Disease Markers 19, no. 2-3 (2004): 69–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/424395.

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Cancer cells display heterogeneous genetic characteristics, depending on the tumor dynamic microenvironment. Abnormal tumor vasculature and poor tissue oxygenation generate a fraction of hypoxic tumor cells that have selective advantages in metastasis and invasion and often resist chemo- and radiation therapies. The genetic alterations acquired by tumors modify their biochemical pathways, which results in abnormal tumor metabolism. An elevation in glycolysis known as the “Warburg effect” and changes in lipid synthesis and oxidation occur. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been used to

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Yazdani, Akram, and Hossein Akbari. "Association of CA 15-3 and CEA with Liver Metastases in Patients with Breast Cancer." Current Cancer Therapy Reviews 16, no. 4 (2020): 332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573394716666191216112938.

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Objective: The liver is the second most common site of distant metastasis from breast cancer that is usually associated with poor prognosis and low quality of life in breast cancer patients. Therefore, the primary diagnosis of liver metastatic lesions in breast cancer patients is very important. In this study, the ability of biochemical markers CA153, CEA, and ALP to be used for prognostic liver metastasis in women with breast cancer was investigated. Methods: 306 women with breast cancer recorded between 2008 and 2012 were included. Serum concentrations of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), carcinog

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Kumar, Aniket, Ashis Kumar Ghosh, Sudhanshu Kumar Bharti, et al. "MALDI-TOF based Proteomics Analysis of Breast Cancer in Clinical Pathology: A Valuable Tool for Biomarker Identification." Science & Technology Journal 8, no. 1 (2020): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22232/stj.2020.08.01.02.

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This study analyse the performance of tissue-based proteomics for early diagnosis of breast cancer for reducing its risk by identifying the causal factors. Breast cancer was induced by 7, 12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in female albino mice followed by blood and tissue sample collection for biochemical and histological analysis. Total protein was isolated and quantified and peptides were detected by SDS-PAGE. For proteomics analysis and generation of peptide peaks, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight-Mass Spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF-MS) was used and identification of un

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Hosseini Mojahed, Fatemeh, Amir Hossein Aalami, Vahid Pouresmaeil, Amir Amirabadi, Mahdi Qasemi Rad, and Amirhossein Sahebkar. "Clinical Evaluation of the Diagnostic Role of MicroRNA-155 in Breast Cancer." International Journal of Genomics 2020 (September 8, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9514831.

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Aim. Biochemical markers, including microRNAs (miRs), may facilitate the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer. This study was aimed at assessing serum miR-155 expression in patients with breast cancer and receptors. Methods. This case-control study was conducted on 36 patients with breast cancer and 36 healthy individuals. After RNA extraction from the patient’s serum, cDNA was synthesized. The expression of miR-155 was measured using RT-qPCR. Demographic and histochemical data were extracted from patient documents. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (

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Zhang, Yuzhu, Huachao Li, Hongyan Zhang та ін. "A small molecule LN435a targeting TGFβR1 exerts promising antitumor effects on breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, № 15_suppl (2021): e15069-e15069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e15069.

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e15069 Background: Breast cancer has overtaken lung cancer as the most diagnosed cancer. Despite conventional treatment, metastases occur in 20-30% of patients, resulting in death. This study aims to screen of effective drugs by metastatic patient-derived organoid and the potential molecular mechanism. Methods: Breast Cancer patient-derived organoid (PDO) model was established from the patient who have multiple drug resistance, multiple visceral and contralateral breast metastases. The organoid morphologies was tested by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Then, pha

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Jafari, Seyed Hamed, Zahra Saadatpour, Arash Salmaninejad, et al. "Breast cancer diagnosis: Imaging techniques and biochemical markers." Journal of Cellular Physiology 233, no. 7 (2018): 5200–5213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.26379.

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9

Al-Jassani, Mohammed J., Wasan K. Alwan, Ayad M. J. Almamoori, Maher M. Khadairi, and Saadi Mohammad Salh. "BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR MARKERS IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS." Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 22, no. 05 (2019): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36295/asro.2019.22055.

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10

Palma, M. A., and J. J. Body. "Usefulness of Bone Formation Markers in Breast Cancer." International Journal of Biological Markers 20, no. 3 (2005): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460080502000302.

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The skeleton is the main site affected by metastases and breast cancer is the most frequent tumor to invade bone. The assessment of bone metastases is difficult and biochemical markers of bone formation (BFMs) could be a promising alternative. Although the essential role of osteoblasts in the metastatic process of bone destruction is now well established, little attention has been paid to BFMs. We conducted a Medline search for studies about BFMs in breast cancer. Our review allows us to conclude that BFMs have high specificity but low sensitivity for the diagnosis of bone metastases. The avai

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11

Dillon, Deborah A. "Molecular markers in the diagnosis and staging of breast cancer." Seminars in Radiation Oncology 12, no. 4 (2002): 305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/srao.2002.35249.

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12

Lang, Julie E., Julie S. Wecsler, Michael F. Press, and Debasish Tripathy. "Molecular markers for breast cancer diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy." Journal of Surgical Oncology 111, no. 1 (2014): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jso.23732.

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13

Laguens, Graciela, Silvia Coronato, and Wanda Girolamo. "Biomarkers in breast cancer." Open Medicine 1, no. 4 (2006): 330–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-006-0032-9.

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AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers among women in the western world. Due to the aggressive behaviour of some specific types and the possibility of an early diagnosis, breast cancer has been constantly studied. Tumour size, histological type, cellular and nuclear characteristics, mitotic index, vascular invasion, hormonal receptors and axillary lymph node status are biomarkers routinely used. However, these parameters are not enough to predict the course of this disease. Molecular biology advances have made it possible to find new markers, which have already b

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Safonov, N., O. Drobotun, E. Tuz, V. Vovk, and N. Kolotilov. "Identification of metastasis in the skeleton bones in patients with breast and prostate cancer: markers of bone metabolism and MRI diagnostics." Radiation Diagnostics, Radiation Therapy, no. 3 (2020): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37336/2707-0700-2020-3-2.

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The purpose of the investigation is to study biochemical markers of bone metabolism in patients with breast cancer and prostate cancer during periods of stable remission and recurrence/metastasis and to assess their informative value in the diagnosis and monitoring of skeletal lesions. The study included 21 female patients with breast cancer and 18 male patients with prostate cancer. The start of monitoring is at least 3 years after complete tumor regression as a result of treatment: breast cancer – radical mastectomy, prostate cancer – radical prostatectomy. Markers of bone resorption (urine

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Iovanna, Juan, and José Luis Neira. "Pancreatic Cancer: Molecular, Biochemical, Chemopreventive, and Therapeutic Aspects." Scientific World JOURNAL 10 (2010): 1967–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2010.184.

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Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer death, with a median survival of 6 months and a dismal 5-year survival rate of 35%, a figure which has remained relatively unchanged over the past 25 years. PC is one of the most difficult diseases to treat due to late initial diagnosis and to resistance to the usual treatments. The presence of occult or clinical metastases at the time of diagnosis, together with the lack of effective chemotherapies, contributes to the high mortality in patients with PC. Its lethal nature stems from its propensity to disseminate rapidly to the lymph

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AHMAD, MUKHTAR, MUHAMMAD TAHIR MAJEED, MOHAMMAD JAWAID SABZWARI, Muhammad Riaz, and Muhammad Umair. "BREAST CANCER." Professional Medical Journal 14, no. 01 (2007): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2007.14.01.3632.

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Cancer is a group of diseases with uncontrolled cellular proliferation. Breast cancer accounts for 25% of all cancer deaths in females worldwide. Monoclonal antibodies are used for the detection of tumor markers in order for rapid diagnosis and understanding of the nature of cancer at molecular level. On co-fetal antigens like carcinoembryonic antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) are a new generation of clinically useful tumor markers. Elevated levels of CA 15-3 are related to stages in primary breast cancer, tumor size and nodal status. Significantly elevated sialic acid concentrations havebeen found in br

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Orujova, Ilaha Nadir, G. I. Azizova, I. A. Gafarov, and A. H. Orujov. "Study of correlation between biochemical indicators and radiological diagnostic parameters of breast cancer." Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 65, no. 12 (2020): 738–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0869-2084-2020-65-12-738-743.

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The aim of this work was to study the correlation between some biochemical parameters and parameters of radiological diagnostics for early diagnosis of breast cancer. 76 patients with breast cancer were examined. In 48 of them was diagnosed breast cancer, in 28 of them was diagnosed benign breast neoplasms. The age of patients ranged from 18 to 79 years. The control group consisted of 16 healthy women. Oncological markers (CEA, CA 15-3), some pro-inflammatory and inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α) and lactoferrin were determined in serum by using enzyme-linked immunosor

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18

Yadav, G. C., A. Rao, M. M. Motawy, N. Safadi, and M. Jameel Ahmed. "CA 15.3 with Urinary Calcium Excretion is Useful in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Bone Metastases from Breast Cancer." International Journal of Biological Markers 8, no. 4 (1993): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460089300800402.

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Serum levels of breast carcinoma antigen (CA 15.3) and urinary calcium excretion (UCa) were determined in 73 patients with breast cancer: 36 without bone metastases (stage I-IV) and 37 with bone metastases. The patients in the latter group were further investigated at 2,4 and 6 months from the start of treatment. Both markers showed significant elevations in the group with bone metastases (CA 15.3: P = 1.0×10–6, UCa: P = 8.6×10–9). The bone metastasis index (BMI), which represents the combination of the markers, had better diagnostic efficacy (90%) than CA 15.3 alone (84%) or UCa alone (82%).

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Turgimbayeva, Aigerim, Assel Issabekova, Assylbek Zhylkibayev, and Saule Eskendirova. "Monoclonal Antibodies for Immunohistochemical Diagnosis of Breast Cancer." Open Biotechnology Journal 15, no. 1 (2021): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874070702115010157.

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Breast cancer is a leading malignant disease in women worldwide, although its pathology is visually localised. Currently, it has been proven that the parameters of molecular genetic biomarkers, including oncoprotein HER2, proliferation markers Ki-67, oestrogen receptors ER, and progesterone receptors PgR, are associated with breast carcinogenesis and are a reflection of the biological aggression of the tumour. The significance of these biomarkers in signalling pathways and genetic mechanisms of carcinogenesis has been described, as well as the relationship between the expression levels of each

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Simboli-Campbell, Maura, Carmen J. Narvaez, Martin Tenniswood, and JoEllen Welsh. "1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 induces morphological and biochemical markers of apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells." Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 58, no. 4 (1996): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-0760(96)00055-6.

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21

Braun, Stephan, and Nadia Harbeck. "Molecular markers of metastasis in breast cancer: current understanding and prospects for novel diagnosis and prevention." Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine 3, no. 22 (2001): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1462399401003520.

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The early and clinically occult spread of viable tumour cells throughout the body is increasingly considered as a hallmark of cancer progression, because recent data suggest that these cells are precursors of subsequent distant relapse. Using monoclonal antibodies to epithelial cytokeratins or tumour-associated cell-membrane glycoproteins, individual carcinoma cells can be detected in cytological bone marrow preparations at frequencies of 10-5 to 10-6. Prospective clinical studies have shown that the presence of these immunostained micrometastatic cells in bone marrow, as a frequent site of ov

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22

Long, Dustin R., Adam Waalkes, Varun P. Panicker, Ronald J. Hause, and Stephen J. Salipante. "Identifying Optimal Loci for the Molecular Diagnosis of Microsatellite Instability." Clinical Chemistry 66, no. 10 (2020): 1310–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/hvaa177.

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Abstract Background Microsatellite instability (MSI) predicts oncological response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapies. Although microsatellite mutation is pathognomonic for the condition, loci have unequal diagnostic value for predicting MSI within and across cancer types. Methods To better inform molecular diagnosis of MSI, we examined 9438 tumor-normal exome pairs and 901 whole genome sequence pairs from 32 different cancer types and cataloged genome-wide microsatellite instability events. Using a statistical framework, we identified microsatellite mutations that were predictive of MSI w

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Usoro, A. J., A. E. Udoh, C. A. O. Usoro, E. B. Etuk, and A. S. Obot. "Evaluation of Serum Levels of Mammaglobin, Carcinoembryonic Antigen, Prolactin, Estradiol and Free Prostate Specific Antigen As Biomarkers of Breast Cancer." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 34s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.14300.

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Background: Breast cancer is a major health concern worldwide and a leading cause of cancer deaths among women. Successful treatment of this disease lies in early diagnosis. The need for an easier method of diagnosis using serum markers prompted this study. Aim: To estimate the serum levels of mammaglobin-A, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), free PSA, 17β-estradiol and prolactin of 130 subjects consisting of 80 breast cancer patients and 50 age-matched controls and evaluate their usefulness as markers of breast cancer. Methods: The samples were estimated using ELISA methods. The breast cancer pa

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Santos, Lúcio Lara, Fernando Miguel, Lygia Vieira Lopes, Julio Oliveira, Eduardo Ferreira, and Carlos Lopes. "Breast cancer in Angola, molecular subtypes: The first preliminary study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (2017): e13075-e13075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e13075.

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e13075 Background: Women in sub-Saharan African countries, as Angola, are experiencing an increasing burden of aggressive breast cancer. Breast cancer molecular subtypes may enable more accurate diagnoses and support therapeutic decisions, however several studies have suggested that African breast cancers are predominantly hormone receptor poor. We conduct a study, to correlate the clinical pathological profiles and molecular subtypes, according its surrogate immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers, of breast cancer in Luanda, Angola. Methods: From Jan. 2011 to Dec. 30, 2014, 179 consecutive cases

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Keyvani, Saeideh, Nasrin Karimi, Zahra Orafa, Saeid Bouzari, and Mana Oloomi. "Assessment of Cytokeratin-19 Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood of Breast Cancer Patients and Breast Cancer Cell Lines." Biomarkers in Cancer 8 (January 2016): BIC.S38229. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/bic.s38229.

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Detection of cytokeratin-19 (CK19) expression as an epithelial-specific marker in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of breast cancer patients can be important for diagnostic purposes. Comparison of CK19 expression in breast cancer cell lines can indicate that expression of this marker is different in various breast cancer cell lines based on their category. Thirty-five breast cancer patients were evaluated for detection of CK19 mRNA in their peripheral blood using CK19-specific primers and a nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. CK19 expression levels were det

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Bilecova-Rabajdova, Miroslava, Peter Urban, Kristina Gregova, et al. "Breast Carcinoma Progression and Tumour Vascular Markers Related to Apoptotic Mechanisms." Disease Markers 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/156034.

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Background. In the last few years, the cancer research had tried to identify and characterize new biochemical and molecular pathways in which the inhibition induces prosurvival mechanisms. Our work describes the expression of two different members of apoptotic regulatory pathway and their relationship with a progression of breast carcinoma.Materials and Methods. We compared expression of genes related to apoptosis (DR6andGpm6B) in the blood of patients suffering from stage I of breast cancer in different grades (I–IV), with healthy controls. After isolation of mRNA, transcription of mRNA into

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Chang, J. "Enhanced diagnosis in suggested malignant pleural effusion using combined modality of genetic and biochemical tumor markers." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (2006): 17137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.17137.

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17137 Background: Cancer is influenced by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Several tumor markers have been applied clinically in malignancy. A malignant pleural effusion may be an initial presentation of cancer and the presence of malignancy is confirmed by pleural cytology and biopsy. However, other diagnostic modalities are limited and not defined clearly, especially in cases of negative results from traditional diagnostic tool. Here, I investigated p53 and FHIT mutations and microsatellite alterations(MA) in the pleural effusion associated with malignancy(ME). Also, the diagnostic valu

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Jitariu, Adriana Andreea, Amalia Raluca Ceausu, Adriana Meche, Cristian Nica, Amelia Burlea, and Marius Raica. "Microvessel Density and Mammaglobin A Expression as Prognostic Markers in Molecular Types of Breast Cancer." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 7 (2019): 2671–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.7.7403.

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Increased microvessel density (MVD) values in breast cancer correlate with tumor growth and progression while mammaglobin (MGB) expression in tumor cells is associated with a favorable prognosis. We aim to evaluate and correlate MVD values with MGB expression in molecular types of breast cancer specimens and to determine their utility as prognostic biological markers. A number of 52 breast cancer specimens were included in the study. Specimens were processed for routine histopathological diagnosis followed by the molecular classification by means of estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) and HER2 im

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Hao, Yi, Guanghui Ren, Wei Yang, et al. "Combination diagnosis with elastography strain ratio and molecular markers effectively improves the diagnosis rate of small breast cancer and lymph node metastasis." Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery 10, no. 3 (2020): 678–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/qims.2020.02.14.

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Lacroix, M., N. Zammatteo, J. Remacle, and G. Leclercq. "A Low-Density DNA Microarray for Analysis of Markers in Breast Cancer." International Journal of Biological Markers 17, no. 1 (2002): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460080201700102.

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Breast cancer remains a major cause of death in women from Western countries. In the near future, advances in both nucleic acids technology and tumor biology should be widely exploited to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and outcome prediction of this disease. The DNA microarray, also called biochip, is a promising tool for performing massive, simultaneous, fast, and standardized analyses of multiple molecular markers in tumor samples. However, most currently available microarrays are expensive, which is mainly due to the amount (several thousands) of different DNA capture sequences that they

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Paweletz, Cloud P., Bruce Trock, Marie Pennanen, et al. "Proteomic Patterns of Nipple Aspirate Fluids Obtained by SELDI-TOF: Potential for New Biomarkers to Aid in the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer." Disease Markers 17, no. 4 (2001): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2001/674959.

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Nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) has been used for many years as a potential non-invasive method to identify markers for breast cancer risk or early detection. Because individual markers have not been optimal, we are exploring the use of surface enhanced laser desorption and ionization time of flight (SELDI-TOF) mass spectrometry to identify patterns of proteins that might define a proteomic signature for breast cancer. SELDI-TOF was used to analyze a study set of NAF samples that included 12 women with breast cancer and 15 healthy controls (the latter included three women with an abnormal mammogra

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Ruocco, Maria Rosaria, Angelica Avagliano, Giuseppina Granato, et al. "Involvement of Breast Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Tumor Development, Therapy Resistance and Evaluation of Potential Therapeutic Strategies." Current Medicinal Chemistry 25, no. 29 (2018): 3414–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666180309120746.

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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, which incidence has increased in recent years. It is constituted by very heterogeneous tissue characterized by an abnormal microenvironment regulating tumor progression and providing evasion from cancer therapies. Breast cancer-associated fibroblasts (BCAFs) are the main cell type of breast cancer microenvironment and can represent up to 80% of the tumor mass. In particular, BCAFs induce cancer initiation, proliferation, invasion and metastasis by undergoing an activation process associated with the secretion of growth factors, cytokines, and p

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Tudoran, Oana Mihaela, Ovidiu Balacescu, and Ioana Berindan-Neagoe. "Breast cancer stem-like cells: Clinical implications and therapeutic strategies." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 89, no. 2 (2016): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-559.

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Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women, being also the leading cause of cancer death among female population, including in Romania. Resistance to therapy represents a major problem for cancer treatment. Current cancer treatments are both expensive and induce serious side effects; therefore ineffective therapies are both traumatic and pricy. Characterizing predictive markers that can identify high-risk patients could contribute to dedicated/personalized therapy to improve the life quality and expectancy of cancer patients. Moreover, there are some markers that govern sp

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Lacombe, Jérôme, Alain Mangé, and Jérôme Solassol. "Use of Autoantibodies to Detect the Onset of Breast Cancer." Journal of Immunology Research 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/574981.

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The widespread use of screening mammography has resulted in increased detection of early-stage breast disease, particularly forin situcarcinoma and early-stage breast cancer. However, the majority of women with abnormalities noted on screening mammograms are not diagnosed with cancer because of several factors, including radiologist assessment, patient age, breast density, malpractice concerns, and quality control procedures. Although magnetic resonance imaging is a highly sensitive detection tool that has become standard for women at very high risk of developing breast cancer, it lacks suffic

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Fridrichova, Ivana, and Iveta Zmetakova. "MicroRNAs Contribute to Breast Cancer Invasiveness." Cells 8, no. 11 (2019): 1361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8111361.

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Cancer statistics in 2018 highlight an 8.6 million incidence in female cancers, and 4.2 million cancer deaths globally. Moreover, breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in females and twenty percent of these develop metastasis. This provides only a small chance for successful therapy, and identification of new molecular markers for the diagnosis and prognostic prediction of metastatic disease and development of innovative therapeutic molecules are therefore urgently required. Differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancers cause multiple changes in the expression of the tumorigen

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Bhattacharyya, Gouri Shankar, Dinesh C. Doval, Chirag J. Desai, Harit Chaturvedi, Sanjay Sharma, and S. P. Somashekhar. "Overview of Breast Cancer and Implications of Overtreatment of Early-Stage Breast Cancer: An Indian Perspective." JCO Global Oncology, no. 6 (September 2020): 789–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go.20.00033.

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The prevalence and mortality of breast cancer is increasing in Asian countries, including India. With advances in medical technology leading to better detection and characterization of the disease, it has been possible to classify breast cancer into various subtypes using markers, which helps predict the risk of distant recurrence, response to therapy, and prognosis using a combination of molecular and clinical parameters. Breast cancer and its therapy, mainly surgery, systemic therapy (anticancer chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy), and radiation therapy, are

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Bast, R. C. "Perspectives on the future of cancer markers." Clinical Chemistry 39, no. 11 (1993): 2444–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.11.2444.

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Abstract More fundamental understanding of cell growth regulation will provide novel approaches for detecting, preventing, and treating different cancers. Activation of protooncogenes or loss of tumor-suppressor genes can have both prognostic and therapeutic importance. In epithelial ovarian cancer, poor prognosis is associated with continued expression or overexpression of tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors p170EGFR, p165fms, and p185erbB-2. Over-expression of erbB-2 (HER-2/neu) by breast and ovarian cancers already permits effective targeting of antibodies and immunotoxins. Ultimately,

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Hao, Xiaoke, Huiyan Luo, Michal Krawczyk, et al. "DNA methylation markers for diagnosis and prognosis of common cancers." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 28 (2017): 7414–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1703577114.

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The ability to identify a specific cancer using minimally invasive biopsy holds great promise for improving the diagnosis, treatment selection, and prediction of prognosis in cancer. Using whole-genome methylation data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and machine learning methods, we evaluated the utility of DNA methylation for differentiating tumor tissue and normal tissue for four common cancers (breast, colon, liver, and lung). We identified cancer markers in a training cohort of 1,619 tumor samples and 173 matched adjacent normal tissue samples. We replicated our findings in a separate

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Kristiansen, Søren, Lars M. Jørgensen, Per Guldberg, and György Sölétormos. "Aberrantly Methylated DNA as a Biomarker in Breast Cancer." International Journal of Biological Markers 28, no. 2 (2013): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jbm.5000009.

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Aberrant DNA hypermethylation at gene promoters is a frequent event in human breast cancer. Recent genome-wide studies have identified hundreds of genes that exhibit differential methylation between breast cancer cells and normal breast tissue. Due to the tumor-specific nature of DNA hypermethylation events, their use as tumor biomarkers is usually not hampered by analytical signals from normal cells, which is a general problem for existing protein tumor markers used for clinical assessment of breast cancer. There is accumulating evidence that DNA-methylation changes in breast cancer patients

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Johnson, Philip J., and YM Dennis Lo. "Plasma Nucleic Acids in the Diagnosis and Management of Malignant Disease." Clinical Chemistry 48, no. 8 (2002): 1186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/48.8.1186.

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Abstract Background: There is a need for development of molecular markers of cancer that can be used clinically for the detection, prognostication, and monitoring of cancer. Recently, there has been much interest in the potential use of nucleic acid markers in plasma and serum for this purpose. Approach: We reviewed published literature up to 2002 on the topic, with a particular emphasis on reports published between 1996 and 2002. Content: The nucleic acid markers described in plasma and serum include oncogene mutations/amplifications, microsatellite alterations, and gene rearrangements. Such

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Zaletaev, D. V., V. V. Strel'nikov, M. V. Nemtsova, et al. "STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF TUMOR GENOMES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF TEST SYSTEMS FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS, PROGNOSIS AND CANCER THERAPY OPTIMIZATION." Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences 68, no. 9 (2013): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vramn.v68i9.772.

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The article discusses results of the structural and functional analysis of molecular genetic abnormalities in various malignant tumors. Investigations have discovered more than 20 new markers for sporadic breast cancer. Several of them formed the test system, allowing the diagnosis with a specificity of 100%. Appearance of TMPRSS2/ERG4 chimeric gene is a frequent tumor-specific event, its expression is correlated with more aggressive forms of prostate cancer, may serve as a molecular marker for tumor cells and androgen assessment of tumor response to hormonal therapy. The effective systems for

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Ashfaq, R., and E. Fong. "Molecular profiling of metastatic breast cancer in body cavity fluids." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 27_suppl (2011): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.27_suppl.61.

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61 Background: The diagnosis of malignant effusion signifies disease progression and is associated with a worse prognosis regardless of tumor origin. The cancer cells in fluids have unique genotypic and phenotypic characteristics that are uniquely different from the primary tumor. Therapeutic guidance should be based on the evaluation of tumor cells in effusions. This study reports the feasibility of molecular profiling for breast cancer metastasis in pleural and peritoneal fluids. Methods: A computer search was conducted to retrospectively identify malignant fluid samples or cell blocks for m

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Häberle, Lothar, Alexander Hein, Matthias Rübner, et al. "Predicting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Subtype Using Multiple Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms for Breast Cancer Risk and Several Variable Selection Methods." Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde 77, no. 06 (2017): 667–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-111602.

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Abstract Introduction Studies of triple-negative breast cancer have recently been extending the inclusion criteria and incorporating additional molecular markers into the selection criteria, opening up scope for targeted therapies. The screening phases required for studies of this type are often prolonged, since the process of determining the molecular subtype and carrying out additional biomarker assessment is time-consuming. Parameters such as germline genotypes capable of predicting the molecular subtype before it becomes available from pathology might be helpful for treatment planning and

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Vermassen, Tijl, Sander De Bruyne, Jonas Himpe, et al. "N-Linked Glycosylation and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 7 (2019): 1592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20071592.

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Background: Performing a prostate biopsy is the most robust and reliable way to diagnose prostate cancer (PCa), and to determine the disease grading. As little to no biochemical markers for prostate tissue exist, we explored the possibilities of tissue N-glycosylation and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) in PCa diagnosis. Methods: Tissue specimens from 100 patients (benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), n = 50; and PCa, n = 50) were obtained. The fresh-frozen tissue was dispersed and a tissue N-glycosylation profile was determined. Consequently, the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded slides were an

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Alexe, Gabriela, James Monaco, Scott Doyle, et al. "Towards Improved Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis Using Analysis of Gene Expression Data and Computer Aided Imaging." Experimental Biology and Medicine 234, no. 8 (2009): 860–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3181/0902-mr-89.

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With the increasing cost effectiveness of whole slide digital scanners, gene expression microarray and SNP technologies, tissue specimens can now be analyzed using sophisticated computer aided image and data analysis techniques for accurate diagnoses and identification of prognostic markers and potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Microarray analysis is routinely able to identify biomarkers correlated with survival and reveal pathways underlying pathogenesis and invasion. In this paper we describe how microarray profiling of tumor samples combined with simple but powerful methods of

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Incoronato, Mariarosaria, Peppino Mirabelli, Anna Maria Grimaldi, Andrea Soricelli, and Marco Salvatore. "Correlating imaging parameters with molecular data: An integrated approach to improve the management of breast cancer patients." International Journal of Biological Markers 35, no. 1_suppl (2020): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1724600819899665.

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The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the studies aimed at integrating imaging parameters with molecular biomarkers for improving breast cancer patient’s diagnosis and prognosis. The use of diagnostic imaging to extract quantitative parameters related to the morphology, metabolism, and functionality of tumors, as well as their correlation with cancer tissue biomarkers is an emerging research topic. Thanks to the development of imaging biobanks and the technological tools required for extraction of imaging parameters including radiomic features, it is possible to integrate imagin

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Jin, Yin-Hua, Qi-Feng Hua, Jian-Jun Zheng, et al. "Diagnostic Value of ER, PR, FR and HER-2-Targeted Molecular Probes for Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Breast Cancer." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 49, no. 1 (2018): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000492877.

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Background/Aims: Smart molecular probes are required in the application of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for biochemical and clinical research. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic values of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), folate receptor (FR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2)-targeted molecular probes in the MRI diagnosis of breast cancer. Methods: Initially, a total of 508 female breast cancer patients were selected for breast cancer subtype classification by immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, the tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and hist

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Weigel, Marion T., and Mitch Dowsett. "Current and emerging biomarkers in breast cancer: prognosis and prediction." Endocrine-Related Cancer 17, no. 4 (2010): R245—R262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/erc-10-0136.

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Breast cancer treatment has experienced several changes in the past decades due to the discovery of specific prognostic and predictive biomarkers that enable the application of more individualized therapies to different molecular subgroups. These subgroups show specific differences regarding biological clinical behavior. In addition to the classical clinical prognostic factors of breast cancer, established molecular biomarkers such as estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor have played a significant role in the selection of patients benefiting from endocrine therapy for many years. More re

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Cetani, Filomena, Claudio Marcocci, Liborio Torregrossa, and Elena Pardi. "Atypical parathyroid adenomas: challenging lesions in the differential diagnosis of endocrine tumors." Endocrine-Related Cancer 26, no. 7 (2019): R441—R464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-19-0135.

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Atypical parathyroid adenomas represent a group of intermediate form of parathyroid neoplasms of uncertain malignant potential which show some atypical histological features that represent a challenge for the differential diagnosis with parathyroid carcinomas. They may occur as sporadic or as a part of hereditary syndromes. The molecular signature of these neoplasms is still unknown and the germline CDC73 mutations appears to be the most common anomaly in this setting suggesting that these cases might represent variants of the hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome. The identification of marke

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Vasiliev, Aleksei, Grigorii Ianus, Evgenii Suspitsyn та ін. "А case of breast cancer in pms2 mutation carrier". Problems in oncology 67, № 4 (2021): 579–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2021-67-4-579-583.

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Breast cancer (BC) is not a typical manifestation of Lynch syndrome. The existence and extent of excessive breast cancer risk in carriers of pathogenic mutations in the Lynch syndrome-associated genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) remains an open question. In addition, it is known that some of the breast neoplasms in patients with this syndrome are causally linked to the hereditary mutation, and some arise completely independently of the hereditary defect in the gene of the DNA mismatch repair system. In the case of accidental detection of such germline mutations in breast cancer patients, a thorou

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