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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified / Dissertations / Theses

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2023

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1

Wang, Yu. "The development of a novel on-line system for the monitoring and control of fermentation processes." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/610796.

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This thesis describes the development of a computer controlled on-line system for fermentation monitoring and control. The entire system consists of a laboratory fermenter, flow injection system (four channels), a newly designed on-line filter, biomass analysis channel, pH and oxygen controllers as well as a spectrophotometer. A new design of gas driven flow injection analysis (FIA) allows a large number of reagents to be handled. The computer-controlled four channel PIA system is well suited for sequential analysis, which is important for fermentation on-line mOnitoring. The system can change

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2

Muir, Matthew Stewart. "Proteomics of the ovine cataract." Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/792.

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The lens of the eye needs to be completely transparent in order to allow all light entering the eye to reach the retina. This transparency is maintained by the highly ordered structure of the lens proteins the crystallins. Any disruption to the lens proteins can cause an opacity to develop which is known as cataract. During cortical cataract formation there is increased truncation of the lens crystallins. It is believed that overactivation of calcium-dependent cysteine proteases, the calpains, is responsible for the increased proteolysis of the crystallins seen during cataractogenesis. Within

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3

Hatchell, Hayley. "The relationship between docohexanoic acid (DHA) and L-serine, providing an insight into the biochemistry of meningioma." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2017. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/23985/.

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As far back as the 1920s, Otto Warburg observed that cancerous cells display an altered state of metabolism surrounding lipid biosynthesis. However, only until recently has metabolic reprogramming been a recognised hallmark of the disease. The number of cancer cases diagnosed is set to triple by 2030, demonstrating the need for disease prevention, improved diagnostic testing and personalised treatment therapies. However, with some cancers occurring in the brain and spinal cord, the type of treatment available can become challenging due to their locality. Such cancer types include meningioma an

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4

Mitchell, Anthony Frank. "An investigation into the microbial bioconversion of cellulosic waste." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1986. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/19063/.

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A low technology fermentation system for biodegradation of cellulose based waste material is described. Using a substrate of thermally bonded paper plastic laminate in a defined mineral salts medium the cellulolytic nicrofungus Trichoderma viride XXI 2% 458 was shown to effect the separation of the laminate into its components by enzymic degradation of the paper. This aerobically induced separation occurred within 14 days compared to upto 90 days by purely physical means. Growth of the fungus within the fermentation system was found to provide conditions that control the growth of contaminatin

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5

Benny, Athol Graeme. "An integrated process for the recovery of clinically significant trace proteins from human plasma." 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2157.

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Methods for the preparation of concentrates of factor VIII, factor IX, high purity factor IX, Cl esterase inhibitor, specific immunoglobulin and platelet factor XIII are described. These procedures were developed or modified with the aim of integration into an automated process that would allow sequential recovery of all the clinically significant trace proteins from a single plasma pool. Concomitant recovery of important proteins such as transferrin, alpha-1-antitrypsin and platelet-derived growth factor was considered. A high-purity factor VIII concentrate heat-treated at 80°C for 96 h was p

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6

(11198013), Kevin Wee. "Creation, deconstruction, and evaluation of a biochemistry animation about the role of the actin cytoskeleton in cell motility." Thesis, 2021.

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<p>External representations (ERs) used in science education are multimodal ensembles consisting of design elements to convey educational meanings to the audience. As an example of a dynamic ER, an animation presenting its content features (i.e., scientific concepts) via varying the feature’s depiction over time. A production team invited the dissertation author to inspect their creation of a biochemistry animation about the role of the actin cytoskeleton in cell motility and the animation’s implication on learning. To address this, the author developed a four-step methodology entitled the Mult

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7

(8082788), Ruixin Wang. "A Novel Mechanism for Prostate Cancer Progression: from Polo-like Kinase 1 to Epigenetics." Thesis, 2019.

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<p>Prostate cancer is (PCa) the second leading cause of cancer death in males in the United State, with 174,650 new cases and 31,620 deaths estimated in 2019. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) has been postulated to have a pro-tumorigenesis function, besides its critical role in regulation of cell cycle, and to be overexpressed in various types of human cancer, including prostate cancer (PCa). However, our understanding remains unclear regarding the pro-tumor properties of PLK1 partially due to a lack of proper animal model. Integrating our recently generated prostate-specific PLK1 knock-in geneticall

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8

(9525857), Fabiola Muro Villanueva. "Re-routing the phenylpropanoid pathway and its implications on plant growth." Thesis, 2020.

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<p>The phenylpropanoid pathway gives rise to a wide variety of specialized metabolites, but the majority of carbon flux going through this pathway is directed towards the synthesis of the lignin monomers: <i>p</i>-coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol. Lignin is a major impediment in biomass saccharification, which negatively affects animal feed and biofuel production. In an effort to improve biomass for the latter purposes, researchers have altered the polymer through genetic manipulations and generated biomass with lower recalcitrance to saccharification; however, in many c

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9

(8086712), Lee M. Stunkard. "UNVEILING ENZYMATIC MECHANISMS WITH MALONYL-THIOESTER ISOSTERES." Thesis, 2019.

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Malonyl-thioesters are reactive at the thioester carbonyl and the carboxylate moieties, as seen in acyl transfer or hydrolysis and decarboxylation. Enzymes use these reactive centers to perform different enzyme chemistry throughout metabolism. This enzyme chemistry coupled with the inherent reactivity of malonyl-thioesters makes structure-function studies difficult. When malonyl-thioesters are used for structure-function studies, it usually results in a hydrolyzed or decarboxylated product. There are examples, however, where this is overcome, many of which are discussed throughout this thesis.

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10

(8801354), Monica Leigh Husby. "Mechanisms of deadly and infectious viruses: Learning how lipid enveloped viruses assemble." Thesis, 2020.

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Viruses are pathogenic agents which affect all varieties of organisms, including plants, animals and humans. These microscopic particles are genetically simple organisms which encode a limited number of proteins that undertake a wide range of functions. While structurally distinct, viruses often share common characteristics that have evolved to aid in their infectious life cycles. A commonly underappreciated characteristic of many deadly viruses is a lipid envelope coat that surrounds them. Lipid enveloped viruses comprise a diverse range of pathogenic viruses, known to cause disease in both a

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11

(14250048), Clifford M. Jackson. "Synthesis and pharmacological activity of B3-adrenoceptor ligands." Thesis, 1996. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Synthesis_and_pharmacological_activity_of_B3-adrenoceptor_ligands/21715754.

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<p>The B3-adrenoceptor (B-AR) was first classified in 1984 in rat brown adipose tissue. The classification of this receptor in other tissues and species is hampered by the lack of selective B3-antagonists which, despite the identification of further classes of B3-agonist ligands, remains elusive. In this study, a series of novel B3-AR antagonist drugs were synthesised and their pharmacological profile in rat ileum investigated with the aim of increasing our understanding of the structural requirements of drug-receptor binding in B3-ARs. Analogues of iodocyanopindolol (ICYP) (17) and conformati

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12

(6634556), Longyun Guo. "Mathematical modeling of phenylalanine and lignin biosynthetic networks in plants." Thesis, 2019.

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<div>L-phenylalanine (Phe) is an important amino acid which is the precursor of various plant secondary metabolisms. Its biosynthesis and consumption are governed by different levels of regulatory mechanisms, yet our understanding to them are still far from complete. The plant has evolved a complex regulation over Phe, likely due to the fact that a significant portion of carbon assimilated by photosynthesis is diverted to its downstream products. In particular, lignin as one of them, is among the most abundant polymers in plant secondary cell wall. Studies have unraveled the interconnected met

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13

(9732053), Onyekachi Ebelechukwu Ononye. "DEFINING THE ROLE OF LYSINE ACETYLATION IN REGULATING THE FIDELITY OF DNA SYNTHESIS." Thesis, 2021.

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Accurate DNA replication is vital for maintaining genomic stability. Consequently, the machinery required to drive this process is designed to ensure the meticulous maintenance of information. However, random misincorporation of errors reduce the fidelity of the DNA and lead to pre-mature aging and age-related disorders such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Some of the incorporated errors are the result of the error prone DNA polymerase alpha (Pol a), which initiates synthesis on both the leading and lagging strand. Lagging strand synthesis acquires an increased number of polymerase a

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14

(6714896), Xiangying Mao. "INVESTIGATING THE FUNCTIONAL ROLE OF MED5 AND CDK8 IN ARABIDOPSIS MEDIATOR COMPLEX." Thesis, 2019.

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<p>The Mediator (Med) complex comprises about 30 subunits and is a transcriptional co-regulator in eukaryotic systems. The core Mediator complex, consisting of the head, middle and tail modules, functions as a bridge between transcription factors and basal transcription machinery, whereas the CDK8 kinase module can attenuate Mediator’s ability to function as either a co-activator or co-repressor. Many Arabidopsis Mediator subunit has been functionally characterized, which reveals critical roles of Mediator in many aspects of plant growth and development, responses to biotic and abiotic stimuli

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15

Hewett, Melissa Kim. "Characterisation of bacterial symbionts in amoebae." 2006. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/30130.

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This thesis attempts to broaden what is known about bacterial symbionts within amoebae by the use of a number of different molecular methods. Initially a number of different amoeba strains were screened for bacterial symbionts by 16S rRNA gene PCR, then the symbionts were identified by comparative sequence analysis and phylogenetic analysis. The amoeba strains containing bacterial symbionts were characterised by cell morphology, 18S rRNA gene sequencing, internal transcribed spacer sequencing and allozyme electrophoresis. Amoebae belonging to the genera Acanthamoeba, Naegleria, Ripidomyxa and

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16

(6635906), Erin L. Sorlien. "The Chromatin Remodeler and Tumor Suppress Chd5 Promotes Expression and Processing of Transcripts During Development of the Zebrafish Neural System." Thesis, 2019.

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<div>Vertebrate neurogenesis is a multistep process that coordinates complex signaling pathways and chromatin-based regulatory machinery to generate highly specialized cells (Hsieh and Zhao 2016; Urban and Guillemot 2014; Alunni and Bally-Cuif 2016; Yao and Jin 2014; Schmidt, Strahle, and Scholpp 2013). Epigenetic factors play a fundamental role in underwriting neurogenesis in part by contributing to control of gene expression in differentiating neurons. A mechanistic understanding of the epigenetic machinery underlying neurogenesis in vertebrates is necessary both to fully understand biogene

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17

(9010811), Allison B. Norvil. "Biochemical Investigation of the de novo DNA Methyltransferases DNMT3A and DNMT3B." Thesis, 2020.

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<p>DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that is nearly ubiquitous. Eukaryotic DNA methylation contributes to the regulation of gene expression and maintaining genome integrity. In mammals, DNA methylation occurs primarily on the C5 carbon of cytosine in a CpG dinucleotide context and is catalyzed by the DNA methyltransferases, DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B. While <i>dnmt3a</i> and <i>dnmt3b</i> genes are highly homologous, the enzymes have distinct functions. Some previous reports suggested differences in the enzymatic behavior of DNMT3A and 3B, which could affect their biological roles.

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18

(6554648), Ryan D. Calvert. "DIETARY MODULATION OF MYELOID DERIVED SUPPRESSOR CELL BIOLOGY IN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY." Thesis, 2019.

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T-cells are present in the immune system to fight against invaders. Once their job is done, suppressing their activity is an important step in maintaining a proper immune response. Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immune cells that suppress T-cell activity. Currently, MDSCs are defined as a heterogeneous population of immature cells that are derived in the bone marrow and travel to the site of inflammation or cancer. Two major subtypes of MDSCs have been identified in mice and humans, monocyte-like MDSCs (M-MDSC) and granulocyte MDSCs (G-MDSC). G-MDSCs typically make up the majorit

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19

(10676388), Madeline Sheeley. "Regulation of Energy Metabolism in Extracellular Matrix Detached Breast Cancer Cells." Thesis, 2021.

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<p>Breast cancer is the predominant cancer diagnosed among women, and the second most deadly cancer. The vast majority of cancer-related deaths is caused by the metastatic spread of cancer from the primary tumor to a distant site in the body. Therefore, new strategies which minimize breast cancer metastasis are imperative to improve patient survival. Cancer cells which acquire anchorage independence, or the ability to survive without extracellular matrix attachment, and metabolic flexibility have increased potential to metastasize. In the present studies, the ability to survive detachment and

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20

(6624113), Mingding Wang. "TARGETED DELIVERY OF DASATINIB FOR ACCELERATED BONE FRACTURE REPAIR." Thesis, 2020.

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<p>Approximately 6.3 million bone fractures occur annually in the USA, resulting in considerable morbidity, deterioration in quality of life, loss of productivity and wages, and sometimes death (e.g. hip fractures). Although anabolic and antiresorptive agents have been introduced for treatment of osteoporosis, no systemically-administered drug has been developed to accelerate the fracture healing process. To address this need, we have undertaken to target a bone anabolic agent selectively to fracture surfaces in order to concentrate the drug’s healing power directly on the fracture site. We re

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21

(8786537), Joonyong Lee. "Molecular Regulation of Maternal Hepatic Adaptations to Pregnancy." Thesis, 2020.

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The maternal liver exhibits robust adaptations to pregnancy to accommodate the metabolic needs of developing and growing placenta and fetus by largely unknown mechanisms. We found that achaete-scute homolog 1 (Ascl1), a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor essential for neuronal development, is highly activated in maternal hepatocytes during the second half of gestation in mice. Our aim is to investigate whether and how Ascl1 plays a pregnancy-dependent role. We deleted the Ascl1 gene in the maternal liver using three independent mouse models from mid-gestation until term and identified

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22

(9452786), Elia G. Farah. "IDENTIFYING AND TARGETING PATHWAYS INVOLVED IN ENZALUTAMIDE-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER." Thesis, 2020.

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<p><a>Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among men in the United States. The androgen receptor (AR) antagonist enzalutamide is an FDA-approved drug for treatment of patients with late-stage prostate cancer and is currently under clinical study for early-stage prostate cancer treatment.</a> After a short positive response period to enzalutamide, tumors will develop drug resistance. In these studies, we uncovered that NOTCH signaling and DNA methylation are a deregulated in enzalutamide-resistant cells. <i>NOTCH2</i> and<i> c-MYC </i><a>gene expression<i> </i>positively

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