Journal articles: 'Biochemistry of methanogenesis'

1

Ferry, James G. "Biochemistry of Methanogenesis." Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 27, no. 6 (1992): 473–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10409239209082570.

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Rouvière, P. E., and R. S. Wolfe. "Novel biochemistry of methanogenesis." Journal of Biological Chemistry 263, no. 17 (1988): 7913–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)68417-0.

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Lloyd, David. "Methanogenesis: Ecology, physiology, biochemistry and genetics." Journal of Thermal Biology 21, no. 1 (1996): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-4565(96)90003-0.

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Keltjens, Jan T., Servé W. Kengen, Gerda C. Caerteling, Chris van der Drift, and Godfried D. Vogels. "The biochemistry of methanogenesis from CO2." Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 51, no. 5-6 (1985): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00404566.

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Watson-Craik, Irene. "Methanogenesis: Ecology, Physiology, Biochemistry and Genetics." Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 23, no. 3 (1995): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(95)90001-2.

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WEISS, D. "Methanogenesis and the unity of biochemistry." Cell 72, no. 6 (1993): 819–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(93)90570-g.

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Thauer, Rudolf K. "Methanogenesis: Ecology, physiology, biochemistry and genetics." Trends in Biochemical Sciences 19, no. 6 (1994): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(94)90160-0.

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Battley, Edwin H. "Methanogenesis: Ecology, Physiology, Biochemistry & Genetics.James G. Ferry." Quarterly Review of Biology 70, no. 1 (1995): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/418899.

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Lyu, Zhe, Nana Shao, Taiwo Akinyemi, and William B. Whitman. "Methanogenesis." Current Biology 28, no. 13 (2018): R727—R732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.05.021.

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Chung, King-Thom, and Vincent Varel. "Ralph S. Wolfe (1921–) Pioneer of Biochemistry of Methanogenesis." Anaerobe 4, no. 5 (1998): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anae.1998.0169.

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Kurth, Julia M., Huub J. M. Op den Camp, and Cornelia U. Welte. "Several ways one goal—methanogenesis from unconventional substrates." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 104, no. 16 (2020): 6839–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10724-7.

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Abstract Methane is the second most important greenhouse gas on earth. It is produced by methanogenic archaea, which play an important role in the global carbon cycle. Three main methanogenesis pathways are known: in the hydrogenotrophic pathway H2 and carbon dioxide are used for methane production, whereas in the methylotrophic pathway small methylated carbon compounds like methanol and methylated amines are used. In the aceticlastic pathway, acetate is disproportionated to methane and carbon dioxide. However, next to these conventional substrates, further methanogenic substrates and pathways have been discovered. Several phylogenetically distinct methanogenic lineages (Methanosphaera, Methanimicrococcus, Methanomassiliicoccus, Methanonatronarchaeum) have evolved hydrogen-dependent methylotrophic methanogenesis without the ability to perform either hydrogenotrophic or methylotrophic methanogenesis. Genome analysis of the deep branching Methanonatronarchaeum revealed an interesting membrane-bound hydrogenase complex affiliated with the hardly described class 4 g of multisubunit hydrogenases possibly providing reducing equivalents for anabolism. Furthermore, methylated sulfur compounds such as methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, and methylmercaptopropionate were described to be converted into adapted methylotrophic methanogenesis pathways of Methanosarcinales strains. Moreover, recently it has been shown that the methanogen Methermicoccus shengliensis can use methoxylated aromatic compounds in methanogenesis. Also, tertiary amines like choline (N,N,N-trimethylethanolamine) or betaine (N,N,N-trimethylglycine) have been described as substrates for methane production in Methanococcoides and Methanolobus strains. This review article will provide in-depth information on genome-guided metabolic reconstructions, physiology, and biochemistry of these unusual methanogenesis pathways. Key points • Newly discovered methanogenic substrates and pathways are reviewed for the first time. • The review provides an in-depth analysis of unusual methanogenesis pathways. • The hydrogenase complex of the deep branching Methanonatronarchaeum is analyzed.

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Wolfe, Ralph S. "Unusual coenzymes of methanogenesis." Trends in Biochemical Sciences 10, no. 10 (1985): 396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(85)90068-4.

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DOSORETZ, CARLOS, and RAPHAEL LAMED. "Chicken Manure Methanogenesis." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 506, no. 1 Biochemical E (1987): 676–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb23866.x.

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14

McAllister, T. A., and C. J. Newbold. "Redirecting rumen fermentation to reduce methanogenesis." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 2 (2008): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07218.

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Methane production in ruminants has received global attention in relation to its contribution to the greenhouse gas effect and global warming. In the last two decades, research programs in Europe, Oceania and North America have explored a variety of approaches to redirecting reducing equivalents towards other reductive substrates as a means of decreasing methane production in ruminants. Some approaches such as vaccination, biocontrols (bacteriophage, bacteriocins) and chemical inhibitors directly target methanogens. Other approaches, such as defaunation, diet manipulations including various plant extracts or organic acids, and promotion of acetogenic populations, seek to lower the supply of metabolic hydrogen to methanogens. The microbial ecology of the rumen ecosystem is exceedingly complex and the ability of this system to efficiently convert complex carbohydrates to fermentable sugars is in part due to the effective disposal of H2 through reduction of CO2 to methane by methanogens. Although methane production can be inhibited for short periods, the ecology of the system is such that it frequently reverts back to initial levels of methane production though a variety of adaptive mechanisms. Hydrogen flow in the rumen can be modelled stoichiometrically, but accounting for H2 by direct measurement of reduced substrates often does not concur with the predictions of stoichiometric models. Clearly, substantial gaps remain in our knowledge of the intricacies of hydrogen flow within the ruminal ecosystem. Further characterisation of the fundamental microbial biochemistry of hydrogen generation and methane production in the rumen may provide insight for development of effective strategies for reducing methane emissions from ruminants.

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Ferry, James G., and Daniel J. Lessner. "Methanogenesis in Marine Sediments." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1125, no. 1 (2008): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1419.007.

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Thauer, R. K. "Biochemistry of methanogenesis: a tribute to Marjory Stephenson:1998 Marjory Stephenson Prize Lecture." Microbiology 144, no. 9 (1998): 2377–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-144-9-2377.

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17

Zhu, Wenhong, Claudia I. Reich, Gary J. Olsen, Carol S. Giometti, and John R. Yates. "Shotgun Proteomics ofMethanococcus jannaschiiand Insights into Methanogenesis." Journal of Proteome Research 3, no. 3 (2004): 538–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/pr034109s.

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18

Söllinger, Andrea, and Tim Urich. "Methylotrophic methanogens everywhere — physiology and ecology of novel players in global methane cycling." Biochemical Society Transactions 47, no. 6 (2019): 1895–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20180565.

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Research on methanogenic Archaea has experienced a revival, with many novel lineages of methanogens recently being found through cultivation and suggested via metagenomics approaches, respectively. Most of these lineages comprise Archaea (potentially) capable of methanogenesis from methylated compounds, a pathway that had previously received comparably little attention. In this review, we provide an overview of these new lineages with a focus on the Methanomassiliicoccales. These lack the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway and employ a hydrogen-dependent methylotrophic methanogenesis pathway fundamentally different from traditional methylotrophic methanogens. Several archaeal candidate lineages identified through metagenomics, such as the Ca. Verstraetearchaeota and Ca. Methanofastidiosa, encode genes for a methylotrophic methanogenesis pathway similar to the Methanomassiliicoccales. Thus, the latter are emerging as a model system for physiological, biochemical and ecological studies of hydrogen-dependent methylotrophic methanogens. Methanomassiliicoccales occur in a large variety of anoxic habitats including wetlands and animal intestinal tracts, i.e. in the major natural and anthropogenic sources of methane emissions, respectively. Especially in ruminant animals, they likely are among the major methane producers. Taken together, (hydrogen-dependent) methylotrophic methanogens are much more diverse and widespread than previously thought. Considering the role of methane as potent greenhouse gas, resolving the methanogenic nature of a broad range of putative novel methylotrophic methanogens and assessing their role in methane emitting environments are pressing issues for future research on methanogens.

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Lalitha, K., K. R. Swaminathan, C. M. Vargheese, V. P. Shanthi, and R. Padma Bai. "Methanogenesis mediated by methylotrophic mixed culture." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 49, no. 2 (1994): 113–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02788546.

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20

Ghosh, Abhik, Tebikie Wondimagegn, and Hege Ryeng. "Deconstructing F430: quantum chemical perspectives of biological methanogenesis." Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 5, no. 6 (2001): 744–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1367-5931(01)00274-5.

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21

Hauska, G. "Elucidation of methanogenesis seems well on its way." Trends in Biochemical Sciences 13, no. 1 (1988): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(88)90003-5.

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22

Sánchez-Carrillo, Salvador, Jaime Garatuza-Payan, Raquel Sánchez-Andrés, et al. "Methane Production and Oxidation in Mangrove Soils Assessed by Stable Isotope Mass Balances." Water 13, no. 13 (2021): 1867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131867.

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Considerable variability in methane production and emissions has been reported in mangroves, explained by methane inhibition and oxidation. In this study, soil pore waters were collected from mangrove forests located in the Gulf of California (Mexico) exposed to shrimp farm disturbance. The δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and CH4 were analyzed along with the δ13C of the soil organic matter to assess the proportion of CO2 derived from methanogenesis, its main pathway, and the fraction of methane oxidized. We performed slurry incubation experiments to fit the isotope–mass balance approach. Very low stoichiometric ratios of CH4/CO2 were measured in pore waters, but isotope mass balances revealed that 30–70% of the total CO2 measured was produced by methanogenesis. Mangrove soils receiving effluent discharges shifted the main methanogenesis pathway to CO2 reduction because of an increase in refractory organic matter. Isotope–mass balances of incubations indicated that methane was mainly oxidized by anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) coupled to sulfate reduction, and the increase in recalcitrant organic matter should fuel AOM as humus serves as a terminal electron acceptor. Since methanogenesis in mangrove soils is strongly controlled by the oxygen supply provided by mangrove roots, conservation of the forest plays a crucial role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.

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Varga, Petra, Noémi Vida, Petra Hartmann, et al. "Alternative methanogenesis - Methanogenic potential of organosulfur administration." PLOS ONE 15, no. 7 (2020): e0236578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236578.

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Kalyuzhnyi, S. V., V. P. Gachok, M. A. Davlyatshina, and S. D. Varfolomeyev. "An improved mathematical model of methanogenesis of glucose." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 39-40, no. 1 (1993): 601–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02919021.

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25

Fetzer, Silke, and Ralf Conrad. "Effect of redox potential on methanogenesis by Methanosarcina barkeri." Archives of Microbiology 160, no. 2 (1993): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00288711.

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Efremenko, Elena, Olga Senko, Nikolay Stepanov, Nikita Mareev, Alexander Volikov, and Irina Perminova. "Suppression of Methane Generation during Methanogenesis by Chemically Modified Humic Compounds." Antioxidants 9, no. 11 (2020): 1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111140.

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The introduction of various concentrations of chemically modified humic compounds (HC) with different redox characteristics into the media with free and immobilized anaerobic consortia accumulating landfill gases was studied as approach to their functioning management. For this purpose, quinone (hydroquinone, naphthoquinone or methylhydroquinone) derivatives of HC were synthesized, which made it possible to vary the redox and antioxidant properties of HC as terminal electron acceptors in methanogenic systems. The highest acceptor properties were obtained with potassium humate modified by naphthoquinone. To control possible negative effect of HC on the cells of natural methanogenic consortia, different bioluminescent analytical methods were used. The addition of HC derivatives, enriched with quinonones, to nutrient media at concentrations above 1 g/L decreased the energetic status of cells and the efficiency of the methanogenesis. For the first time, the significant decrease in accumulation of biogas was reached as effect of synthetic HC derivatives, whereas both notable change of biogas composition towards increase in the CO2 content and decrease in CH4 were revealed. Thus, modification with quinones makes it possible to obtain low-potential HC derivatives with strongly pronounced acceptor properties, promising for inhibition of biogas synthesis by methanogenic communities.

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Kaster, Anne-Kristin, Meike Goenrich, Henning Seedorf, et al. "More Than 200 Genes Required for Methane Formation from H2and CO2and Energy Conservation Are Present inMethanothermobacter marburgensisandMethanothermobacter thermautotrophicus." Archaea 2011 (2011): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/973848.

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The hydrogenotrophic methanogensMethanothermobacter marburgensisandMethanothermobacter thermautotrophicuscan easily be mass cultured. They have therefore been used almost exclusively to study the biochemistry of methanogenesis from H2and CO2, and the genomes of these two model organisms have been sequenced. The close relationship of the two organisms is reflected in their genomic architecture and coding potential. Within the 1,607 protein coding sequences (CDS) in common, we identified approximately 200 CDS required for the synthesis of the enzymes, coenzymes, and prosthetic groups involved in CO2reduction to methane and in coupling this process with the phosphorylation of ADP. Approximately 20 additional genes, such as those for the biosynthesis of F430and methanofuran and for the posttranslational modifications of the two methyl-coenzyme M reductases, remain to be identified.

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Kalyuzhnyy, S. V., V. P. Gachok, V. I. Sklyar, and S. D. Varfolomeyev. "Kinetic Investigation and Mathematical Modeling of Methanogenesis of Glucose." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 28-29, no. 1 (1991): 183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02922599.

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Donnelly, M. I., and R. S. Wolfe. "The role of formylmethanofuran: tetrahydromethanopterin formyltransferase in methanogenesis from carbon dioxide." Journal of Biological Chemistry 261, no. 35 (1986): 16653–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)66615-3.

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Blaut, Michael, Volker Müller, and Gerhard Gottschalk. "Proton translocation coupled to methanogenesis from methanol + hydrogen inMethanosarcina barkeri." FEBS Letters 215, no. 1 (1987): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(87)80112-6.

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Fischer, Reinhard, and Rudolf K. Thauer. "Methyltetrahydromethanopterin as an intermediate in methanogenesis from acetate in Methanosarcina barkeri." Archives of Microbiology 151, no. 5 (1989): 459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00416607.

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Schlegel, Katharina, Cornelia Welte, Uwe Deppenmeier, and Volker Müller. "Electron transport during aceticlastic methanogenesis byMethanosarcina acetivoransinvolves a sodium-translocating Rnf complex." FEBS Journal 279, no. 24 (2012): 4444–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/febs.12031.

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Shi-yi, Lun, and Chen Jian. "The contribution of interspecies hydrogen transfer to the substrate removal in methanogenesis." Process Biochemistry 27, no. 5 (1992): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-9592(92)85013-r.

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Wang, Oumei, Shiling Zheng, Bingchen Wang, Wenjing Wang, and Fanghua Liu. "Necessity of electrically conductive pili for methanogenesis with magnetite stimulation." PeerJ 6 (March 21, 2018): e4541. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4541.

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Background Magnetite-mediated direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) between Geobacter and Methanosarcina species is increasingly being invoked to explain magnetite stimulation of methane production in anaerobic soils and sediments. Although magnetite-mediated DIET has been documented in defined co-cultures reducing fumarate or nitrate as the electron acceptor, the effects of magnetite have only been inferred in methanogenic systems. Methods Concentrations of methane and organic acid were analysed with a gas chromatograph and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. The concentration of HCl-extractable Fe(II) was determined by the ferrozine method. The association of the defined co-cultures of G. metallireducens and M. barkeri with magnetite was observed with transmission electron micrographs. Results Magnetite stimulated ethanol metabolism and methane production in defined co-cultures of G. metallireducens and M. barkeri; however, magnetite did not promote methane production in co-cultures initiated with a culture of G. metallireducens that could not produce electrically conductive pili (e-pili), unlike the conductive carbon materials that facilitate DIET in the absence of e-pili. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that G. metallireducens and M. barkeri were closely associated when magnetite was present, as previously observed in G. metallireducens/G. sulfurreducens co-cultures. These results show that magnetite can promote DIET between Geobacter and Methanosarcina species, but not as a substitute for e-pili, and probably functions to facilitate electron transfer from the e-pili to Methanosarcina. Conclusion In summary, the e-pili are necessary for the stimulation of not only G. metallireducens/G. sulfurreducens, but also methanogenic G. metallireducens/M. barkeri co-cultures with magnetite.

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Hu, Andong, Xiaoyuan Cheng, Chao Wang, et al. "Extracellular polymeric substances trigger an increase in redox mediators for enhanced sludge methanogenesis." Environmental Research 191 (December 2020): 110197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110197.

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Kresge, Nicole, Robert D. Simoni, and Robert L. Hill. "Methanogenesis, Fatty Acid Synthesis, and Cobamide Coenzymes: the Work of Horace A. Barker." Journal of Biological Chemistry 280, no. 33 (2005): e30-e31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(20)56434-x.

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Kor-Bicakci, Gokce, Emine Ubay-Cokgor, and Cigdem Eskicioglu. "Comparative Analysis of Bacterial and Archaeal Community Structure in Microwave Pretreated Thermophilic and Mesophilic Anaerobic Digesters Utilizing Mixed Sludge under Organic Overloading." Water 12, no. 3 (2020): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030887.

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The effects of microwave (MW) pretreatment were investigated by six anaerobic digesters operated under thermophilic and mesophilic conditions at high organic loading rates (4.9–5.7 g volatile solids/L/d). The experiments and analyses were mainly designed to reveal the impact of MW pretreatment and digester temperatures on the process stability and microbial community structure by correlating the composition of microbial populations with volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations. A slight shift from biogas production (with a reasonable methane content) to VFA accumulation was observed in the thermophilic digesters, especially in the MW-irradiated reactors. Microbial population structure was assessed using a high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene on the MiSeq platform. Microbial community structure was slightly affected by different MW pretreatment conditions, while substantially affected by the digester temperature. The phylum Bacteroidetes proliferated in the MW-irradiated mesophilic digesters by resisting high-temperature MW (at 160 °C). Hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis (mostly the genus of Methanothermobacter) was found to be a key route of methane production in the thermophilic digesters, whereas aceticlastic methanogenesis (mostly the genus of Methanosaeta) was the main pathway in the mesophilic digesters.

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Lake, James A., Ryan G. Skophammer, Craig W. Herbold, and Jacqueline A. Servin. "Genome beginnings: rooting the tree of life." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1527 (2009): 2177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0035.

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A rooted tree of life provides a framework to answer central questions about the evolution of life. Here we review progress on rooting the tree of life and introduce a new root of life obtained through the analysis of indels, insertions and deletions, found within paralogous gene sets. Through the analysis of indels in eight paralogous gene sets, the root is localized to the branch between the clade consisting of the Actinobacteria and the double-membrane (Gram-negative) prokaryotes and one consisting of the archaebacteria and the firmicutes. This root provides a new perspective on the habitats of early life, including the evolution of methanogenesis, membranes and hyperthermophily, and the speciation of major prokaryotic taxa. Our analyses exclude methanogenesis as a primitive metabolism, in contrast to previous findings. They parsimoniously imply that the ether archaebacterial lipids are not primitive and that the cenancestral prokaryotic population consisted of organisms enclosed by a single, ester-linked lipid membrane, covered by a peptidoglycan layer. These results explain the similarities previously noted by others between the lipid synthesis pathways in eubacteria and archaebacteria. The new root also implies that the last common ancestor was not hyperthermophilic, although moderate thermophily cannot be excluded.

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Faseleh Jahromi, Mohammad, Juan Boo Liang, Rosfarizan Mohamad, Yong Meng Goh, Parisa Shokryazdan, and Yin Wan Ho. "Lovastatin-Enriched Rice Straw Enhances Biomass Quality and Suppresses Ruminal Methanogenesis." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/397934.

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The primary objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that solid state fermentation (SSF) of agro-biomass (using rice straw as model); besides, breaking down its lignocellulose content to improve its nutritive values also produces lovastatin which could be used to suppress methanogenesis in the rumen ecosystem. Fermented rice straw (FRS) containing lovastatin after fermentation withAspergillus terreuswas used as substrate for growth study of rumen microorganisms usingin vitrogas production method. In the first experiment, the extract from the FRS (FRSE) which contained lovastatin was evaluated for its efficacy for reduction in methane (CH4) production, microbial population, and activity in the rumen fluid. FRSE reduced total gas and CH4productions (P<0.01). It also reduced (P<0.01) total methanogens population and increased the cellulolytic bacteria includingRuminococcus albus,Fibrobacter succinogenes(P<0.01), andRuminococcus flavefaciens(P<0.05). Similarly, FRS reduced total gas and CH4productions, methanogens population, but increasedin vitrodry mater digestibility compared to the non-fermented rice straw. Lovastatin in the FRSE and the FRS significantly increased the expression of HMG-CoA reductase gene that produces HMG-CoA reductase, a key enzyme for cell membrane production in methanogenic Archaea.

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Wu, Ming L., Katharina F. Ettwig, Mike S. M. Jetten, Marc Strous, Jan T. Keltjens, and Laura van Niftrik. "A new intra-aerobic metabolism in the nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane-oxidizing bacterium Candidatus ‘Methylomirabilis oxyfera’." Biochemical Society Transactions 39, no. 1 (2011): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0390243.

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Biological methane oxidation proceeds either through aerobic or anaerobic pathways. The newly discovered bacterium Candidatus ‘Methylomirabilis oxyfera’ challenges this dichotomy. This bacterium performs anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification, but does so in a peculiar way. Instead of scavenging oxygen from the environment, like the aerobic methanotrophs, or driving methane oxidation by reverse methanogenesis, like the methanogenic archaea in sulfate-reducing systems, it produces its own supply of oxygen by metabolizing nitrite via nitric oxide into oxygen and dinitrogen gas. The intracellularly produced oxygen is then used for the oxidation of methane by the classical aerobic methane oxidation pathway involving methane mono-oxygenase. The present mini-review summarizes the current knowledge about this process and the micro-organism responsible for it.

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Lira-Silva, Elizabeth, M. Geovanni Santiago-Martínez, Viridiana Hernández-Juárez, Rodolfo García-Contreras, Rafael Moreno-Sánchez, and Ricardo Jasso-Chávez. "Activation of Methanogenesis by Cadmium in the Marine Archaeon Methanosarcina acetivorans." PLoS ONE 7, no. 11 (2012): e48779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048779.

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Martin, William, and Michael J. Russell. "On the origin of biochemistry at an alkaline hydrothermal vent." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 362, no. 1486 (2006): 1887–926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1881.

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A model for the origin of biochemistry at an alkaline hydrothermal vent has been developed that focuses on the acetyl-CoA (Wood–Ljungdahl) pathway of CO 2 fixation and central intermediary metabolism leading to the synthesis of the constituents of purines and pyrimidines. The idea that acetogenesis and methanogenesis were the ancestral forms of energy metabolism among the first free-living eubacteria and archaebacteria, respectively, stands in the foreground. The synthesis of formyl pterins, which are essential intermediates of the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway and purine biosynthesis, is found to confront early metabolic systems with steep bioenergetic demands that would appear to link some, but not all, steps of CO 2 reduction to geochemical processes in or on the Earth's crust. Inorganically catalysed prebiotic analogues of the core biochemical reactions involved in pterin-dependent methyl synthesis of the modern acetyl-CoA pathway are considered. The following compounds appear as probable candidates for central involvement in prebiotic chemistry: metal sulphides, formate, carbon monoxide, methyl sulphide, acetate, formyl phosphate, carboxy phosphate, carbamate, carbamoyl phosphate, acetyl thioesters, acetyl phosphate, possibly carbonyl sulphide and eventually pterins. Carbon might have entered early metabolism via reactions hardly different from those in the modern Wood–Ljungdahl pathway, the pyruvate synthase reaction and the incomplete reverse citric acid cycle. The key energy-rich intermediates were perhaps acetyl thioesters, with acetyl phosphate possibly serving as the universal metabolic energy currency prior to the origin of genes. Nitrogen might have entered metabolism as geochemical NH 3 via two routes: the synthesis of carbamoyl phosphate and reductive transaminations of α-keto acids. Together with intermediates of methyl synthesis, these two routes of nitrogen assimilation would directly supply all intermediates of modern purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis. Thermodynamic considerations related to formyl pterin synthesis suggest that the ability to harness a naturally pre-existing proton gradient at the vent–ocean interface via an ATPase is older than the ability to generate a proton gradient with chemistry that is specified by genes.

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Ueno, Yoshiyuki, and Masahiro Tatara. "Microbial population in a thermophilic packed-bed reactor for methanogenesis from volatile fatty acids." Enzyme and Microbial Technology 43, no. 3 (2008): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2008.04.007.

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Hedderich, R., A. Berkessel, and R. K. Thauer. "Catalytic properties of the heterodisulfide reductase involved in the final step of methanogenesis." FEBS Letters 255, no. 1 (1989): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(89)81062-2.

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France, J., D. E. Beever, and R. C. Siddons. "Compartmental Schemes for Estimating Methanogenesis in Ruminants from Isotope Dilution Data." Journal of Theoretical Biology 164, no. 2 (1993): 207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jtbi.1993.1149.

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Hartzell, P. L., M. I. Donnelly, and R. S. Wolfe. "Incorporation of coenzyme M into component C of methylcoenzyme M methylreductase during in vitro methanogenesis." Journal of Biological Chemistry 262, no. 12 (1987): 5581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)45612-8.

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MULLER, Volker, Christiane WINNER, and Gerhard GOTTSCHALK. "Electron-transport-driven sodium extrusion during methanogenesis from formaldehyde and molecular hydrogen by Methanosarcina barkeri." European Journal of Biochemistry 178, no. 2 (1988): 519–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14478.x.

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Müller, Volker, Gunhild Kozianowski, Michael Blaut, and Gerhard Gottschalk. "Methanogenesis from trimethylamine + H2 by Methanosarcina barkeri is coupled to ATP formation by a chemiosmotic mechanism." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 892, no. 2 (1987): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(87)90176-9.

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Gribaldo, Simonetta, and Celine Brochier-Armanet. "The origin and evolution of Archaea: a state of the art." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, no. 1470 (2006): 1007–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1841.

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Abstract:

Environmental surveys indicate that the Archaea are diverse and abundant not only in extreme environments, but also in soil, oceans and freshwater, where they may fulfil a key role in the biogeochemical cycles of the planet. Archaea display unique capacities, such as methanogenesis and survival at temperatures higher than 90 °C, that make them crucial for understanding the nature of the biota of early Earth. Molecular, genomics and phylogenetics data strengthen Woese's definition of Archaea as a third domain of life in addition to Bacteria and Eukarya. Phylogenomics analyses of the components of different molecular systems are highlighting a core of mainly vertically inherited genes in Archaea. This allows recovering a globally well-resolved picture of archaeal evolution, as opposed to what is observed for Bacteria and Eukarya. This may be due to the fact that no rapid divergence occurred at the emergence of present-day archaeal lineages. This phylogeny supports a hyperthermophilic and non-methanogenic ancestor to present-day archaeal lineages, and a profound divergence between two major phyla, the Crenarchaeota and the Euryarchaeota, that may not have an equivalent in the other two domains of life. Nanoarchaea may not represent a third and ancestral archaeal phylum, but a fast-evolving euryarchaeal lineage. Methanogenesis seems to have appeared only once and early in the evolution of Euryarchaeota. Filling up this picture of archaeal evolution by adding presently uncultivated species, and placing it back in geological time remain two essential goals for the future.

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Li, Jie, Xin Zheng, Xiaopeng Guo, Lei Qi, and Xiuzhu Dong. "Characterization of an Archaeal Two-Component System That Regulates Methanogenesis in Methanosaeta harundinacea." PLoS ONE 9, no. 4 (2014): e95502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095502.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Biochemistry of methanogenesis'

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