Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Biochimie clinique'
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ANTHONY, CHRISTIAN. "Dosage de l'alpha-foetoproteine : interet en biochimie clinique." Strasbourg 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR10705.
Full textSaoudi, Hassani Abdelahad. "L'énolase neurone spécifique : propriétés et intérêt en biochimie clinique." Strasbourg 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR10530.
Full textBachmann, Nathalie. "Implication des récepteurs aux estrogènes dans les mécanismes de résistance au tamoxifène : approche in vitro et in vivo." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10348.
Full textCohen, Didier. "Histoire de la biologie médicale." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P058.
Full textJosse, Denis. "Validation du paramètre LP (A) dans l'évaluation biologique du risque coronarien." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1P087.
Full textMarchal, Daniel. "Comparaison de deux voies analytiques : le milieu liquide et le milieu sec : application à l'évaluation clinique d'un nouvel analyseur de biochimie, le cobas mira." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON13510.
Full textVassault, Anne. "Assurance de qualité en biochimie clinique : principes généraux et applications au laboratoire d'analyses médicales." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA114845.
Full textJuniot, Christophe. "A propos de la toxicologie de quelques lauriers (biochimie, pharmacologie, intérêt clinique et thérapeutique)." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2M219.
Full textVialaret, Jerome. "Développement et validation de méthodes de protéomique innovantes pour des applications de biochimie clinique." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT038.
Full textIn recent years, mass spectrometry has been considered in the analytical chemistry field as the reference method. "Proteomics", a concept that emerged in the 2000s, consists in the identification and/or quantification of peptides and proteins in different type of samples (cells, tissues, or biological samples), in various conditions. A more specific field of this concept, the "clinical proteomics" specifically concerns the study of proteome for the research on one hand, diagnostic markers, prognostic and therapeutic follow-up of human pathologies and, on the other hand, of pathophysiological actors that can serve as a therapeutic target.Currently, the technology of choice used for the analysis of proteins in clinical biochemistry is the ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) which has major drawbacks: not a multiplex analysis, high variability, no standardization, and the inability to distinguish proteoforms of one protein. The targeted proteomics by Liquid Chromatography/Multiple Reaction Monitoring (LC-MRM) allows to surpass these disadvantages because is highly multiplexable (> 200 proteins/analysis), robust, compatible to the use of protein/peptide standards, and is able to distinguish a wide variety of post translational modifications.In this thesis project, evaluation and validation of the targeted mass spectrometry (LC-MRM) will be perform for the quantification of proteins with clinical interest. In this context, we will present three clinical proteomics developments: apolipoprotein E phenotyping, considered as the best risk factor for Alzheimer's disease; Monoclonal therapeutic antibody (Bevacizumab) quantification in patient serum; and absolute quantification of hepcidin-25 in the context of diseases related to iron metabolism
Ritouret, Isabelle. "Actualités sur les tests de diagnostic rapides en biologie clinique." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25082.
Full textMenini-Gugliucci, Teresita. "Glycation des immunoglobulines M : recherche de la localisation des sites glyques : application en biochimie clinique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR1A002.
Full textPesnelle, Marie-Françoise. "Enseignement de la biologie clinique aux jeunes techniciens et ses problèmes." Strasbourg 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985STR10511.
Full textJezequel-Cuer, Maryvonne. "Enrichissement et caractéristiques enzymatiques d'une alpha1-3 fucosyltransférase hépatique humaine : étude des variations des activités a1-2, a1-3, a1-3/4 et a1-6 fucosyltransférasiques hépatiques au cours des pathologies hépatobiliaires." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA114815.
Full textWeber, Nicole. "De la légende et de l'histoire de la médecine : l'olivier et l'huile d'olive : biochimie, physiologie, diététique et clinique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR1M214.
Full textMaurice, Estepa Laurence. "Elaboration d'un système expert automatisable appliqué à l'analyse qualitative et semi-quantitative de spectres infrarouges de calculs urinaires." Tours, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOUR3811.
Full textParmentier, Christine. "Métabolisme du glutathion et stress oxydant : implication de la gamma-glutamyltransférase." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10359.
Full textLagacherie, Hervé. "L'analyse des données cliniques et biologiques par les réseaux neuronaux." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2P091.
Full textMichoud, Edouard. "Analyse d'images dynamiques en biologie et médecine : applications à la microcirculation clinique et expérimentale." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990GRE19002.
Full textValentin, François. "Mécanismes intra-cellulaires du processus inflammatoire : conséquences sur l'activation de la MMP-2 artérielle." Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN12007.
Full textChevallier, Martine. "Paramètres biologiques liés à l'hypertension chez la femme enceinte." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P193.
Full textLeblanc, Frédéric. "Compréhension du rôle de la critique par les professionnels en biochimie clinique dans l'adoption de nouveaux marqueurs biochimiques du syndrome coronarien aigu." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2002. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3309.
Full textLeblanc, Frédéric. "Compréhension du rôle de la critique par les professionnels en biochimie clinique dans l'adoption de nouveaux marqueurs biochimiques du syndrome coronarien aigu." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2002.
Find full textFardel, Olivier. "Expression et régulation de la p-glycoprotéine dans l'hépatocyte normal et cancéreux." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN1B024.
Full textPons, Jean-Luc. "Validation par l'antériorité delta-check : expérience de l'hôpital d'Argenteuil." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P185.
Full textMichels, Judith. "Les Inhibiteurs de PARP dans le Traitement des Cancers Chimio-Résistants. Etude pré-clinique sur la Dépendance à PARP." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01063796.
Full textMedeville, Sophie. "Contribution à l'étude analytique et à l'utilisation pratique de quatre paramètres biochimiques d'actualité : HbA1c, fructosamine, microalbuminurie, uricémie." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2P114.
Full textGourmelin, Yves. "Optimisation de l'utilisation des systèmes de traitement des analyses biologiques." Paris 12, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA120012.
Full textZana-Taïeb, Elodie. "Physiopathologie des anomalies du développement alvéolaire dans le RCIU : approche expérimentale et clinique." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01060181.
Full textMichel, Régis. "Contribution à l'étude des Pasteurella d'origine bovine en France." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO11699.
Full textCorcelle, Benjamin. "Mise au point et évaluation d'un test pour le diagnostic des hémoglobinoses S et C par PCR-RFLP." Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT012P.
Full textBouitbir, Jamal. "Étude des effets des statines sur la fonction mitochondriale des muscles cardiaque et squelettique." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA6258.
Full textStatins is very effective drugs in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. However, statins induced deleterious effects including muscular pains. It was clearly established that mitochondria were a privileged target of statins and were the principal source of free radicals. However, no study concerned the effect of statins on this ROS production. The first part of my thesis demonstrated that in vitro, atorvastatin decreased mitochondrial respiration whatever the phenotype and increased the ROS production. On the other hand, a chronically endurance training decreased these deleterious effects in skeletal muscles. Besides, we demonstrated that on treated rats chronically with atorvastatin, the endurance capacities decreased. The second part of my thesis showed that statins acted according to the concept of “mitohormesis”. Indeed, statins induced in glycolytic muscle an important increase of ROS extending beyond the antioxidant system inducing a deactivation of the mitochondrial biogenesis and a decrease of muscular oxidative capacities. On the other hand, in the cardiac muscle where the antioxidant capacities are important, statins induced a moderate increase of ROS which allowed to the activation of the mitochondrial biogenesis. These works allowed understanding why and how statins acted differently in cardiac and skeletal muscles and opening perspectives in the treatment of the muscular pains following a treatment with statins
Awwad, Azzam. "Synthèse d'analogues du mannose-6-Phosphate : activité anti-angiogénique anti-cancéreuse." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20011.
Full textIn 1971, the American Dr. Judah FOLKMAN published the hypothesis : tumor growth depends on angiogenesis. The challenge of current research is to find a way to starve tumors by arresting the angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is a complex physiological process that involves many receptors, among which is the receptor for mannose-6-phosphate / insulin-like growth factor II (RM6P/IGFII). We present during this thesis, the synthesis of analogues of mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) using two different methods, and assessment of their angiogenic activity by the method of "CAM" and their anticancer activity in a model of induced tumor in mice. In order to locate the receptor, fluorescent derivatives of M6P were also synthesized and tested using the model of "CAM". On the other hand, it was shown that the RM6P/IGFII can bind two molecules of M6P or diphosphoryled oligosaccharide molecule per monomer, so bidentate molecules have been synthesized using "Green Chemistry" for evaluation of angiogenic activity
Balderrama, Martínez Sotomayor Raúl. "Développement de ligands de cuivre pour des applications thérapeutiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0449.
Full textCopper is a versatile redox active endogenous metal that is present in many proteins and enzymes critical for life and plays important roles in different biological processes. However, its redox activity also renders Cu potentially toxic because it can promote the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This double-edged sword behavior has interested researchers for long time and its harnessing is crucial to develop Cu complexes with unique biological, catalytic, diagnostic and therapeutic properties. In this Ph.D. thesis different ligands for Cu coordination have been designed and explored in two different contexts: cancer and Alzheimer disease (AD). The first part of this thesis is devoted to providing more insights into the cytotoxic effects produced by the Cu(II) complexes (C1, C2) of two ligands (L1, L2). Although the complexes showed weak interactions with DNA, in vitro studies performed in normal (IMR-90, HUVEC) and cancer cell lines (A2780, MCF-7) indicated that C1 and C2 internalize the cells and promote the production of ROS. While cytotoxic effects were not detected in MCF-7 cells, they were higher in A2780 than in normal cells. L1 and L2 were further modified to improve cytotoxicity. The second part of the thesis evaluates the Cu chelating abilities of L1 and L2 as potential therapeutic agents for AD. Data showed that L1 can arrest efficiently the generation of ROS catalyzed by Cu in presence and absence of Aβ peptide and zinc. Evidence suggests that the ratio L1:Cu plays an important role in the effectiveness of L1 to stop ROS production. L1 was successfully modified without altering its Cu chelating properties to provide blood-brain-barrier permeability
Gutknecht, Lise. "Syndrome autistique et système sérotoninergique : approche génétique, biochimique et clinique." Orléans, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ORLE2031.
Full textSATIER, FRANCE. "Etude clinique et biochimique d'une famille picarde atteinte d'amylose hereditaire." Amiens, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AMIEM056.
Full textGranat, Fanny. "Agrégation plaquettaire in vitro : effets anticoagulants du CTAD et utilisation à des fins diagnostiques dans les espèces sensibles." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INPT0029/document.
Full textThe platelet count is a delicate measurement, which may often be erroneous because of the tendency of platelets from some animal species to aggregate in vitro. This study demonstrated that this effect can be inhibited in cats using CTAD (Citrate, Theophylline, Adenosine and Dipyridamole) composed of an anticoagulant and platelet inhibitors. This association provides reliable platelet counts without affecting other blood populations and also allows hemostasis and biochemical analyses. New hematological reference intervals have been established for some variables with analyzers used in clinical pathology laboratories and veterinary clinics. Furthermore, if the antiplatelet clumping effects of CTAD are less marked in canine species, the CTAD can also serve as "universal" anticoagulant, reducing the number of blood samples and thus improving animal welfare
Carayon, Kévin. "Étude des paramètres structuraux et cinétiques caractérisant les interactions intégrases rétrovirales / ADN et l'étape de 3'-processing." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00363674.
Full textSCHENCK, FRANCOIS. "Carotenes, carotenodermie, etude biochimique et clinique : a propos de quatre cas." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMOO105.
Full textBlanchard, Valentin. "Approches biochimique, épidémiologique et clinique du métabolisme intégré de la Lipoprotéine (a)." Thesis, La Réunion, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LARE0007.
Full textOne in five individuals in the population displays elevated circulating levels of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], a highly atherogenic lipoprotein resembling LDL. Pathophysiological, epidemiological and genetic studies demonstrate that circulating Lp(a) levels above 125 nmol/L are associated with a sharp increase in cardiovascular events rate.The major structural difference between Lp(a) and LDL is that Lp(a) contains a signature protein, apo(a), extremely polymorphic in size as it contains 1 to more than 40 Kringle IV2 (KIV2) domains. The size of apo(a) is inversely correlated with the circulating levels of Lp(a). Besides apo(a), apoE and PCSK9 are the only other plasma proteins known to modulate Lp(a) levels. The aims of my PhD project were to assess how the size of apo(a), the polymorphism of apoE and the pharmacological inhibition of PCSK9 govern Lp(a) plasma concentrations. First, we have developed a robust methodological approach to quantitatively assay apolipoproteins, assess their polymorphisms and evaluate their metabolic fluxes by mass spectrometry. In addition, we have set up a resolutive separation technique allowing the investigation of distinct apo(a) isoforms on agarose gels. We then showed using mass spectrometry that apoE specifically present on VLDL impacts on Lp(a) production, synthesis and/or assembly. In addition, we clearly established that familial hypercholesterolemic patients specifically carrying the apoE2 isoform display reduced Lp(a) plasma levels and are thereby less prone to recurrent cardiovascular events compared with apoE3 or E4 carriers. Finally, we demonstrate that the response to PCSK9 inhibitor treatments of patients at high cardiovascular risk in terms of Lp(a) lowering is proportional to the size of apo(a). We also observed that apheresis procedures performed on a patient with extreme Lp(a) plasma levels reduce his risk of undergoing recurrent myocardial infarction. Taken together, my PhD results allowed us to decipher the physiological modalities by which apo(a) size and apoE polymorphism modulate the circulating levels of this extremely atherogenic lipoprotein species. The therapies currently available (PCSK9 inhibitors, plasmapheresis) remain however clearly insufficient to treat patients with elevated Lp(a)
Aït, Amiri Sabrina. "Identification, caractérisation et évaluations biologiques de nouveaux inhibiteurs synthétiques des kallicréines du système nerveux central à visée thérapeutique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS064.
Full textKLK6 and KLK8 are serine proteases (SP) essential for central nervous system homeostasis and whose activities are deregulated in multiple sclerosis (MS). The development of inhibitors of KLK6 and KLK8 constitutes a promising therapeutic avenue and the objective of this thesis work. The exploration of chemical libraries grouping together 115 molecules in total allowed me to identify new chemical skeletons and hit compounds for the inhibition of these two proteases. These inhibitors have been the subject of in-depth mechanistic studies and structure-activity relationship studies by molecular modeling to clarify the structural bases of the inhibition. The evaluation of the selectivity profile of the best inhibitors was carried out on a large panel of competing SP in the CNS. The best inhibitors have been evaluated in cell models to consider further study in animal models of MS. These also made it possible to identify for the first time effective synthetic inhibitors of low molecular weight of KLK6, which promote the differentiation of oligodendrocytes and which open the way to new strategies of regenerative medicine. These inhibitors also target the proximal KLK6 proteolytic network in MS (KLK1, plasmin) and exhibit a pharmacological profile compatible with further studies in vivo. Also, this work made it possible to identify the first synthetic inhibitors of KLK8, which constitute an interesting and original basis by their mechanism of action for their optimization and their evaluations on biological models
Tredano, Mohammed. "Les détresses respiratoires inexpliquées : vers une classification clinique, biochimique et génétique d'un groupe nosologique hétérogène." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077187.
Full textCampan, Philippe. "Les oméga-3 polyinsaturés dans le traitement de la gingivite expérimentale humaine : évaluation clinique et biochimique." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30171.
Full textChovelon, Benoit. "Utilisation des aptamères pour le dosage des petites molécules d'intérêt biologique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAV043/document.
Full textClinical chemistry is a constantly evolving discipline. The challenge of developing new techniques is to enable high throughput analysis specific and at low cost. Immunoassay techniques respond appropriately to these criteria, but are nevertheless perfectible with regards to the detection of small molecules of biological interest. The aim of this work is to develop innovative assay methods for small molecules of biological interest, using aptamers as alternative molecular recognition tools. They are single-stranded functional nucleic acids that are isolated from a very large library of candidates through an in vitro combinatorial approach (SELEX) for their ability to bind a peculiar species. They compete with antibodies, particularly in the area of diagnosis. First, we focused our work on the design of small molecule dual recognition assay systems that involved the formation of a loop-loop complex. Adenosine and theophylline served as model targets for the heterogeneous phase development of a colorimetric assay with enzymatic signal amplification. Subsequent works were performed by using arginine-vasopressin, an analyte with a real biological interest as target. A homogeneous phase fluorescence anisotropy detection system was constructed. Applications in complex matrix were facilitated by the use of non-natural L-oligonucleotides. Finally, a particularly innovative SYBR Green-based fluorescence anisotropy method, was reported allowing the detection of both small targets and DNA ligands
Nguyen, Vu Khue. "Dosage de la creatinine par voie enzymatique : detection spectrophotometrique et detection electrochimique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13095.
Full textConte, Carmina <1975>. "Studio multicentrico sulla prevalenza e sulle principali caratteristiche cliniche e biochimiche nei pazienti in dialisi paratiroidectomizzati in italia." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6572/1/Conte_C-dottorato.pdf.
Full textCAVE PTX study aims to evaluate, in dialysis patients submitted to PTX, the control and therapies of divalent ions (phase I), and the prevalence of aortic calcifications and vertebral fractures (phase II). We report here the phase I results. Biochemistries and therapies of PTX patients were collected by means of an electronic data sheet from 149 Italian dialysis Units. A control group (C), comparable for age, sex and dialysis duration, was selected from the whole cohort. From a total of 12515 patients (HD = 87.7%;PD = 12.3%), 528(4.22%) had received PTX. Prevalence of PTX was definitely higher in HD(4.5%) compared to PD(1.9%). Respectively in PTX and C, PTH was low(<150) in 64 vs 23%; optimal (150-300) in 17 vs 39%; and high(>300) in 19 vs 38%. Ca, P and PTH values in the three K/DOQI PTH range groups are in table 2. Prescribed drugs, respectively in PTX and C, were: Vitamin D (61 vs 64%); Phosphate binders (88 vs 75%) and Calcimimetic (13 and 35%). Notably, Calcitriol and Ca based binders in PTX, and Paricalcitol and Sevelamer in C, were the most frequently prescribed drugs. PTX has a low prevalence in Italy, and mainly involves relatively young, females and long-term haemodialysis patients. In these patients PTH values are mostly low and therapeutic choices are accordingly different. Different hard outcomes can be hypothesized
Conte, Carmina <1975>. "Studio multicentrico sulla prevalenza e sulle principali caratteristiche cliniche e biochimiche nei pazienti in dialisi paratiroidectomizzati in italia." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6572/.
Full textCAVE PTX study aims to evaluate, in dialysis patients submitted to PTX, the control and therapies of divalent ions (phase I), and the prevalence of aortic calcifications and vertebral fractures (phase II). We report here the phase I results. Biochemistries and therapies of PTX patients were collected by means of an electronic data sheet from 149 Italian dialysis Units. A control group (C), comparable for age, sex and dialysis duration, was selected from the whole cohort. From a total of 12515 patients (HD = 87.7%;PD = 12.3%), 528(4.22%) had received PTX. Prevalence of PTX was definitely higher in HD(4.5%) compared to PD(1.9%). Respectively in PTX and C, PTH was low(<150) in 64 vs 23%; optimal (150-300) in 17 vs 39%; and high(>300) in 19 vs 38%. Ca, P and PTH values in the three K/DOQI PTH range groups are in table 2. Prescribed drugs, respectively in PTX and C, were: Vitamin D (61 vs 64%); Phosphate binders (88 vs 75%) and Calcimimetic (13 and 35%). Notably, Calcitriol and Ca based binders in PTX, and Paricalcitol and Sevelamer in C, were the most frequently prescribed drugs. PTX has a low prevalence in Italy, and mainly involves relatively young, females and long-term haemodialysis patients. In these patients PTH values are mostly low and therapeutic choices are accordingly different. Different hard outcomes can be hypothesized
Crenn, Pascal. "Modélisation clinique et biochimique de l'insuffisance intestinale chronique chez l'homme. La concentration plasmatique veineuse post-absorptive de citrulline, marqueur de la masse entérocytaire absorptive." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924295.
Full textCrenn, Pascal. "Modelisation clinique et biochimique de l'insuffisance intestinale chronique chez l'homme. La concentration plasmatique veineuse post-absorptive de citrulline, marqueur de la masse enterocytaire absorptive." Paris 7, 2000. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924295.
Full textChiriu, Alessia. "Difetti ereditari del fattore V della coagulazione: identificazione di nuove mutazioni ed implicazioni cliniche." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3421773.
Full textIntroduzione. Il fattore V (FV) della coagulazione, presente sia nel plasma che nelle piastrine, è una proteina versatile che svolge funzioni sia pro che anticoagulanti. Il difetto di FV è una malattia emorragica rara conosciuta anche col termine di paraemofilia. E’ caratterizzata da livelli molto bassi, o non misurabili, di FV antigene e attività associati ad un fenotipo clinico di tipo emorragico che varia da moderato a grave, raramente fatale. Sebbene descritto per la prima volta nel 1947 da Owren, le basi molecolari di questo difetto, trasmesso con carattere autosomico recessivo, si sono iniziate a chiarire solo cinquant’anni più tardi. Da allora sono state descritte oltre 80 mutazioni associate ad una riduzione dei livelli plasmatici di FV ma a tutt’oggi le basi molecolari di molti difetti di FV sono poco caratterizzate. Scopo del nostro studio è stato quello di caratterizzare da un punto di vista genetico e molecolare il difetto di fattore V in 6 soggetti paraemofilici. Abbiamo inoltre studiato, in questa coorte di soggetti, la relazione tra genotipo e fenotipo emorragico. Infine abbiamo analizzato la correlazione tra FV plasmatico e piastrinico nei soggetti omozigoti e nei loro familiari. Materiali e metodi. Previo consenso informato abbiamo prelevato 20 ml di sangue periferico da 6 soggetti con difetto omozigote di FV, da 19 soggetti eterozigoti per il deficit di FV e da 42 loro familiari sani. Nei soggetti arruolati abbiamo determinato i livelli di FV nel plasma e nelle Plts. Nei soggetti con difetto omozigote è stato effettuato uno screeneng del gene del fattore V per identificare le mutazioni causative del difetto stesso. Attraverso analisi bioinformatiche e l’allineamento con proteine con una elevata omologia di sequenza per i domini A1, A2, A3 è stato valutato il ruolo e l’importanza nella correlazione genotipo/fenotipo della posizione aminoacidica considerata. Attraverso una tecnica semplificata di “homology modeling” abbiamo studiato la possibile variazione nella struttura del dominio C2 del FV dovuta a una mutazione omozigote presente sull’esone 24 sfruttando la struttura cristallografica depositata per tale dominio. Risultati. Considerando i soggetti omozigoti, i soggetti eterozigoti e i familiari sani abbiamo osservato una correlazione lineare, statisticamente significativa tra i livelli di FV plasmatico e FV piastrinico. In accordo con i dati riportati in letteratura, i soggetti con difetto eterozigote non presentavano un fenotipo clinico di tipo emorragico dissimile dai familiari senza difetto. Attraverso le tecniche di sequenziamento del gene del FV abbiamo identificato 3 nuove mutazioni causative, non ancora riportate nel database curato da Vos e collaboratori, del difetto grave di FV. Conclusioni. Lo studio delle famiglie con difetto di FV ci ha permesso di dimostrare la presenza di una correlazione lineare tra i livelli di FV plasmatici e intrapiastrinici. Lo studio del gene del fattore V e l’analisi bioinformatica del FV nei soggetti con difetto omozigote ci ha permesso di identificare nuove mutazioni del FV e di far luce su nuovi possibili meccanismi molecolari di mutazione genetica associati a fenotipi patologici.
Tamalet, Catherine. "Emergence des résistances multiples aux analogues nucléosides : étude épidémiologique, clinique et biochimique de la résistance du VIH-1 aux inhibiteurs nucléosidiques de la transcriptase inverse." Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX20665.
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