Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Biodiversité – France – Collectivités d'outre-mer'
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Stahl, Lucile. "Le droit de la protection de la nature et de la diversité biologique dans les collectivités françaises d'Outre-mer." Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2009_out_stahl_l.pdf.
Full textThanks to its overseas collectivities, France enhances its heritage with a great diversity of species and ecosystems, often rare and sometimes unique. However, there are rather serious threats which weigh on this exceptional heritage. In this context, it is essential to evaluate the accuracy of the law of nature protection and biodiversity. The characteristics and legal status of the protection of nature, as well as its influence on the environmental, overseas and public laws, have been analyzed here. It will be shown that in contact with collectivities’ legal diversity – and a fortiori since the 28 March 2003 revision of the Constitution related to the decentralized organization of the Republic – a specific law on nature’s conservation is emerging. However, the efficiency of the overseas law, whether it is an exact copy of the law in Continental France or elaborated in a more autonomous way, still remains limited for the protection of biodiversity. It therefore appears necessary to strengthen the law on nature protection, both in its conception and enforcement. In this respect, an increase in awareness of certain ecological overseas’ specificities (such as being an island, extreme sensitivity to exotic invasive species, coral reef and endemic species, etc. ) could effectively contribute to this reinforcement
Page, Jeanne. "Du partage des compétences au partage de la souveraineté : des territoires d'outre-mer aux "pays d'outre-mer"." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX32006.
Full textLe, Masson Alix. "La caisse centrale de la France d'outre-mer et le financement public dans la France d'outre-mer 1944-1958." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100106.
Full textThe <> (ccfom) has been a leading player in the economic and financial relations between france and the french territories of africa under the fourth republic as well as in the planning of institutional evolution by managing the relationships between mother country and its territories. These relations were marked by the opposition between increasing financial dependence of territories and growing trends of autonomy with respect to politics. Ccfom sometimes maintained conflicting relations with administrators of home country and territories as well as with ministers in charge of the french union, therefor demonstrating france's difficulties in establishing an imperial policy consistent throughout the years. Through its director, ccfom upheld a belief in development financing and job-sharing between the private and public sectors in africa. Through his actions and speeches, it is clear that the continuity and innovations of french colonial policies are mixed
Fidele, Mickaël Poeaheiau. "L' évolution statutaire des collectivités d'outre-mer : l'exemple de la Polynésie française." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32027.
Full textThe overseas countries (COM) are the only local authorities able to see their status evolve according to their specificities. When their statutory evolution is an objective, it can lead them into two opposite directions: the assimilation, in which case, they will be transformed into French overseas department (DOM), or the independence, which will lead them to the status of State. When the statutory evolution of the COM is a means, it leads to autonomy which, itself, aims at two objectives : on one hand, reach the equality of the rights with the metropolis, and on the other hand, reach the development. The autonomy of the French Polynesia is interesting because it blurs the logics of the statutory evolution. Indeed, the two objectives quoted previously, are far from being reached in the archipelago, the autonomy became in a sense an aim. A statutory overbid follows which began in 1957 and finished in 2004. Nevertheless, the autonomy not corresponding to a project of society, it was inevitable that a more authentic end substitutes itself for it, namely the independence. The project of thesis suggests approaching successively three logics of the statutory evolution followed by the French Polynesia : the equality of the rights (the decentralization of the welfare state’s functions), the economic, social and cultural development (the transfer of the material competences) and the independence (the acknowledgement of a local citizenship, the reinforcement of the local standard power)
Juniel, Aude-Léa. "L' applicabilité des normes outre-mer." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10042.
Full textBoutrin, Louis. "Droit de l’aménagement du territoire et statuts constitutionnels des Outre-Mers français : Contribution à la recherche d’une efficience optimale." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AGUY0593.
Full textIntegral part of the French Republic, communities overseas range from corporate identity with the city and looking for some form of self-identity . This feature is its translation into the various constitutional reforms since their inscription in the constitutions of 1946 and 1958. With the constitutional revision of 28 March 2003 on the decentralized organization of the Republic, a new institutional opens for these overseas communities. The referendums on the status of Martinique held December 7, 2003 , then on 10 and 24 January 2010 were part of this logic is in this context of establishing a unique community with a meeting only appropriate to address land issues. Such an approach requires an analysis of key texts relating to planning and legislative developments in this area. It is important to note the willingness constantly expressed by local elected officials to exercise more responsibility especially with regard to land use policies. However, at this level, the role of the state remains as dominant and , despite the decentralization laws. Hence the need for further study of the relationship between local authorities and the state. The comparative approach to legal status of Martinique , Guadeloupe , Guyana, Saint- Martin, French Polynesia , is therefore needed as an essential step in such an analysis
Detrez-Cambrai, Hélène. "La coopération régionale des départements et des régions d'outre-mer." Thesis, Artois, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ARTO0302/document.
Full textThe external action of French overseas departments and regions in their local environment has a special name - regional cooperation. Cooperation modes specific to the situation of overseas territories are materialised through the exercise of devolved and decentralised regional cooperation. The definition of the law on regional cooperation among French overseas departments and regions is based on a separation of the operation mode between the law required to enter into an agreement or convention and the law applicable. The law applicable is therefore identified following a split between the law for the action and law for the application. The study of the legal environment of regional cooperation is related to legal means which tend to assign powers and authority to French overseas local governments on external issues. The degree of effectiveness of the action of a French overseas department or region with respect to the national and sub-national entities of its regional environment is to be measured in comparison with the international action of the National Government in the region. A review of the legal literature on regional cooperation shows agreements and conventions to be referred to international or internal jurisdictions depending on the partner involved in cooperative efforts and legal rule applied. The variability of the law makes it more difficult to define the law that applies to certain conventions. Observing the law applying to regional cooperation then makes it possible to pinpoint the specificity of these modes of cooperation. This raises the interest of a legal rule adjusted to the reality of a cooperation context for the expansion of overseas entities in ultra-peripheral regions
Lanteri, Monique. "L'organisation hospitalière dans les territoires d'outre-mer, étude d'un exemple : le centre hospitalier territorial de Polynésie française." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE0028.
Full textBoudine, Joël. "Les finances publiques des collectivités territoriales des D. O. M. Et la décentralisation." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010295.
Full textBlanc-Whannou, Marie-Céline. "Le maintien de l'ordre dans les départements d'outre-mer sous la V° République, de 1958 jusqu'en 1974." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON30032.
Full textThis doctorate concerns the maintenance of law and order in the French Overseas departments from the early Fifth Republic until the mid-years 1970. The discovery of new departmental archives revives the history of this burning matter. The study of the political and economic context allows the approach the fragility of a society divided between its colonialism past and its entrance into the departmentalisation. The public opinion is not satisfied with the development programs (considerate as inadequate) proposed by the State, hence many riots in the cities areas. We have studied four true examples of riots which took place in each department, which has allowed us to analyse the methods used by the demonstrators and the authorities’ response. The prefects have called for help the police and security forces so as to restore order. This thesis has also looked into the part played by the intelligence services deeply involved in the prevention of conflicts. Therefore these components have developed their structure and have adapted for two decades according to some national and local safety priorities
Busseuil, Arnaud. "L'autonomie dans la République : bilan politique et juridique de trente années d'autonomie en Polynésie française, 1984-2014." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0008.
Full textFrench Polynesia, an overseas collectivity, has lived under an autonomy regime since 1977. However, it has only been since 1984 that the attributions and the symbols of a true autonomy have started to fall into the collectivity's hands. Yet, autonomy in the Republic is the source of many legal difficulties, between respecting a principle to its paroxysm and the arbitration of fundamental rights and liberties guaranteed by the Republic. Therefore, thirty years after the real start of Polynesian autonomy, it is about time to draw up a report in the most significant way possible. This research work offers an analysis of the main matters which consist of the foundation of the development of a territory, matters which competences have been transferred to the territorial collectivity. Thereby, a legal analysis and an analysis of the public politics issued from the following competences is drawn up : law, economy, tax system, education and public health. Moreover, this research is an opportunity to determine the causes of a failure in regards to Polynesian autonomy : local political governance, legal statuses or even state vacuum. Finally, such an assessment can only be of interest thanks to the projection it can provoke, and it was thus suitable to discuss the future of French Polynesia concerning both its local social and economical development as well as its relationship with the Republic, a relationship that arouses again the problematic of the hypothetical dismantling of the French unitary state
Lise, Manuella. "Le droit universel, européen et français relatif à la non-discrimination liée au travail et ses déclinaisons dans les collectivités territoriales régies par l'article 73 de la Constitution." Thesis, Antilles, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANTI0122/document.
Full textDifferentiated treatment of individuals or groups on the basis of race, religion, or social affiliation may be a form of continuity. There is a recent evolution of discrimination and inequalities in the workplace. The question then arises of the effectiveness of the intercolonial organization of labor in its task of developing converts and monitoring their application
Coudé, Marie. "Les relations politiques et économiques entre la France et ses Établissements de l'Inde de 1947 à 1963." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010585.
Full textRoux, Vincent. "Droit de l'environnement et développement durable dans une collectivité territoriale française d'Outre-Mer : le cas de Mayotte." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1105/document.
Full textIn what measure does the legal status of a region with a measure of autonomy allow a better consideration of the right(law) of the environment and does it favor the sustainable development of a territory? The evolution of the legal status of Mayotte towards the status of department has numerous legal consequences. The passage of the principle of legislative speciality in that of legislative identity obliges Mayotte to adapt its right(law) sometimes in a very important way. Numerous pieces of the right(law) are concerned. Among them the right(law) of the environment holds a place(square) part because it is one of the components fundamental of the sustainable development of the territory. From this point of view, the departmIn what measure does the legal status of a region with a measure of autonomy allow a better consideration of the right(law) of the environment and does it favor the sustainable development of a territory? The evolution of the legal status of Mayotte towards the status of department has numerous legal consequences. The passage of the principle of legislative speciality in that of legislative identity obliges Mayotte to adapt its right(law) sometimes in a very important way. Numerous pieces of the right(law) are concerned. Among them the right(law) of the environment holds a place(square) part because it is one of the components fundamental of the sustainable development of the territory. From this point of view, the departmIn what measure does the legal status of a region with a measure of autonomy allow a better consideration of the right(law) of the environment and does it favor the sustainable development of a territory?
Tonnellier, Christine. "Le processus d'autodetermination de la nouvelle-caledonie." Reims, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REIMD011.
Full textKerdreux, Anne Louise. "L'outre-mer au regard du droit européen et du droit international : evolutions statutaires influencées par le droit européen et le droit international." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGUY0812.
Full textThe Overseas regions, countries and territories present various statuses inherited mainly from the major European Powers which placed them in a relationship of a common interest not only with their mother countries but also with the European Union (EU).However, these territories have continuously re-built between them historical and cultural links, and weaved relationship within the entire Overseas to appear as a constituted whole while negotiating with the EU.The outermost regions (OR) apply Community Law while the Overseas Countries and territories (OCT) situated outside the territory of the Community, have Association Arrangements with the EU.Denmark, France, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and United Kingdom have proceeded to necessary constitutional reforms to allow numerous articles amendments in respect of right to self-determination of peoples.At the light of statutory amendments and of a continuous economic and social development, the Outermost regions (OR) and the Overseas Countries and Territories (OCT), now wish to assert their rights and to defend their interests at European and International level.Globalisation of policies encourages OR and OCT to gather within International bodies. The rule of law of the related countries opens them to well-structured legal systems and to European values. The outermost geopolitical localisation makes them to have access to international relations.The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate the interdependence between these different legal systems and the impact of European and International Law on the statutory amendments of the Overseas towards more autonomy, but also liabilities and involvement on their own development by using their regional environment, inter-regional and transnational cooperation and taking part at the works of international organisations
Louis-Sidney, Marguerite. "Régularisation foncière de l’occupation sans titre de la propriété des personnes publiques dans les collectivités territoriales de l’article 73 de la Constitution." Thesis, Antilles, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANTI0498.
Full textUntitled occupancy infringes the property rights of public persons in their public and private domains. These are recurrent facts in the local authorities of Article 73 of the Constitution: Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyana, Reunion, and Mayotte. To curb this illegal occupation, which is the vector of legal and land insecurity, notwithstanding the infringement of their property rights, these public persons carry out land regularizations focused on the issuance or validation of a title of property for the benefit of untitled people of their public domain, including the fifty geometric steps zone, through legal arrangements, and their private domain, through local arrangements. However, the question is: are these regularization procedures appropriate to definitively respond to Parliament's objective of curbing untitled overseas occupation in local authorities of Article 73 of the Constitution and, on the contrary, do they not constitute the legitimization of an infringement on the property rights of public persons? Given the persistence of untitled occupation overseas, it would be appropriate to move from unequal land regularization to public interest land regularization, better regulated. Land regularization is a necessary limit to the right of ownership, the basis of which is in the will of the owner, in the public interest, or even in the public utility. Backed by respect for human dignity and the right to dignified housing, it leads to an improvement in its tools, and contributes to the emergence of a real right of land regularization overseas
Ellero, Jéremy. "Perspective de coopération régionale dans le Pacifique : quels modèles d'intégration économique pour les territoires français ?" Thesis, Nouvelle Calédonie, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NCAL0001/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to make a significant contribution on the prospects of regional integration of the French Pacific territories in the current international context. As well, it aims at identifying the opportunities for business development to the export market. The emancipation of the French collectivities in Oceania cannot be confined to removing them from United Nations’ list of seventeen territories to be decolonized. More generally, the integration of islands with populations of under one million into international trade flows is the key to the issues of insular development. We will therefore seek to determine whether the MIRAB (Migration, Remittances, Aid, Bureaucracy) reference model of the Pacific economies is still up to the challenges of globalization. The multilateral trading system is undergoing profound change and seems to be seeing a regional fragmentation of its spheres of influence. Since the early 2000’s, the initiative of the Pacific Island Countries Trade Agreement (PICTA) and Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations (PACER) agreements would appear to be the first step towards the construction of a regional single market in the Pacific. Oceania represents a market of seven million consumers scattered over one-third of the surface area of the globe. Geographical isolation, lack of commercial openings and the heterogeneous nature of the Pacific Island economies have a direct influence on commercial policies. Furthermore, in New Caledonia as in French Polynesia 97% are very small businesses employing less than 10 people. As in most islands of Oceania, the economic model is only oriented toward the internal market and is not structured for export. In this context, the French Pacific territories are labeled as one of the 34 «hotspot » of the biodiversity; their ecosystems are amongst the most diversified in the world. Rich of this competitive advantage, the valorization of the endemic fauna and flora can take many forms: agriculture, tourism, extraction of resources, scientific research…We will try to define the most profitable exploitation of the natural heritage for a sustainable development