Journal articles: 'Biodiversity hotspots'

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Reid, Walter V. "Biodiversity hotspots." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 13, no. 7 (July 1998): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01363-9.

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Huang, Jihong, Canran Liu, Zhongjun Guo, Keping Ma, Runguo Zang, Yi Ding, Xinghui Lu, Jiping Wang, and Ruoyun Yu. "Seed plant features, distribution patterns, diversity hotspots, and conservation gaps in Xinjiang, China." Nature Conservation 27 (June 7, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.27.23728.

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The flora in Xinjiang is unique. Decisions about biodiversity conservation and management based on seed plant diversity hotspots and conservation gaps in Xinjiang are essential to maintain this unique flora. Based on a species distribution dataset of seed plants, we measured seed plant diversity using species richness and phylogenetic diversity indices. Five percent of Xinjiang’s total land area with the highest biodiversity was used to identify hotspots for each index. In total, eight hotspots were identified. Most hotspots were located in mountainous areas, mainly in the Tianshan Mountains and Altai Mountains. Furthermore, we detected conservation gaps for Xinjiang’s seed flora hotspots by overlaying nature reserve maps on to maps of identified hotspots and we designated priority conservation gaps for hotspots by overlaying global biodiversity hotspot maps on to hotspot conservation gaps maps. Most of Xinjiang’s seed plant hotspots are poorly protected; only 10.45% of these hotspots were covered by nature reserves. We suggest that it is essential to promote network function of nature reserves within these hotspots in Xinjiang to conserve this unique flora.

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NORMAN, MYERS. "Biodiversity Hotspots Revisited." BioScience 53, no. 10 (2003): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0916:bhr]2.0.co;2.

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Sundaram, Mekala, Michael J. Donoghue, Aljos Farjon, Denis Filer, Sarah Mathews, Walter Jetz, and Andrew B. Leslie. "Accumulation over evolutionary time as a major cause of biodiversity hotspots in conifers." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1912 (October 9, 2019): 20191887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1887.

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Biodiversity hotspots are important for understanding how areas of high species richness form, but disentangling the processes that produce them is difficult. We combine geographical ranges, phylogenetic relationships and trait data for 606 conifer species in order to explore the mechanisms underlying richness hotspot formation. We identify eight richness hotspots that overlap known centres of plant endemism and diversity, and find that conifer richness hotspots occur in mountainous areas within broader regions of long-term climate stability. Conifer hotspots are not unique in their species composition, traits or phylogenetic structure; however, a large percentage of their species are not restricted to hotspots and they rarely show either a preponderance of new radiating lineages or old relictual lineages. We suggest that conifer hotspots have primarily formed as a result of lineages accumulating over evolutionary time scales in stable mountainous areas rather than through high origination, preferential retention of relictual lineages or radiation of species with unique traits, although such processes may contribute to nuanced differences among hotspots. Conifers suggest that a simple accumulation of regional diversity can generate high species richness without additional processes and that geography rather than biology may play a primary role in hotspot formation.

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Cunningham, Caitlin, and Karen Beazley. "Changes in Human Population Density and Protected Areas in Terrestrial Global Biodiversity Hotspots, 1995–2015." Land 7, no. 4 (November 15, 2018): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land7040136.

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Biodiversity hotspots are rich in endemic species and threatened by anthropogenic influences and, thus, considered priorities for conservation. In this study, conservation achievements in 36 global biodiversity hotspots (25 identified in 1988, 10 added in 2011, and one in 2016) were evaluated in relation to changes in human population density and protected area coverage between 1995 and 2015. Population densities were compared against 1995 global averages, and percentages of protected area coverage were compared against area-based targets outlined in Aichi target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity (17% by 2020) and calls for half Earth (50%). The two factors (average population density and percent protected area coverage) for each hotspot were then plotted to evaluate relative levels of threat to biodiversity conservation. Average population densities in biodiversity hotspots increased by 36% over the 20-year period, and were double the global average. The protected area target of 17% is achieved in 19 of the 36 hotspots; the 17 hotspots where this target has not been met are economically disadvantaged areas as defined by Gross Domestic Product. In 2015, there are seven fewer hotspots (22 in 1995; 15 in 2015) in the highest threat category (i.e., population density exceeding global average, and protected area coverage less than 17%). In the lowest threat category (i.e., population density below the global average, and a protected area coverage of 17% or more), there are two additional hotspots in 2015 as compared to 1995, attributable to gains in protected area. Only two hotspots achieve a target of 50% protection. Although conservation progress has been made in most global biodiversity hotspots, additional efforts are needed to slow and/or reduce population density and achieve protected area targets. Such conservation efforts are likely to require more coordinated and collaborative initiatives, attention to biodiversity objectives beyond protected areas, and support from the global community.

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Mihaljević, Morana, Chelsea Korpanty, Willem Renema, Kevin Welsh, and John M. Pandolfi. "Identifying patterns and drivers of coral diversity in the Central Indo-Pacific marine biodiversity hotspot." Paleobiology 43, no. 3 (April 18, 2017): 343–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2017.1.

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AbstractBiodiversity hotspots are increasingly recognized as areas of high taxonomic and functional diversity. These hotspots are dynamic and shift geographically over time in response to environmental change. To identify drivers of the origin, evolution, and persistence of diversity hotspots, we investigated the diversity patterns of reef-building corals (Scleractinia) in the Central Indo-Pacific, a marine biodiversity hotspot for the last 25 Myr. We used the scleractinian fossil record (based on literature and a newly acquired fossil collection) to examine the taxonomic and functional diversity of corals from the Eocene to Pliocene. Our data identify potential drivers of coral diversity through time (and space) in the Central Indo-Pacific by constraining the timing of taxonomic turnover events and correlating them with known environmental changes. Increases in taxonomic diversity, high origination rates, and changes in abundance of functional character states indicate that the origin of the Central Indo-Pacific hotspot occurred during the Oligocene, initially through proliferation of pre-existing taxa and then by origination of new taxa. In contrast to taxonomic diversity, overall functional diversity of Central Indo-Pacific reef-building corals remained constant from the Eocene to the Pliocene. Our results identify global sea level as a main driver of diversity increase that, together with local tectonics, regulates availability of suitable habitats. Moreover, marine biodiversity hotspots develop from both the accumulation of taxa from older biodiversity hotspots and origination of new taxa. Our study demonstrates the utility of a combined literature-based and new collection approach for gaining new insights into the timing, drivers, and development of tropical biodiversity hotspots.

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Pipan, Tanja, Louis Deharveng, and David C. Culver. "Hotspots of Subterranean Biodiversity." Diversity 12, no. 5 (May 25, 2020): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12050209.

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Worldwide, caves and groundwater habitats harbor thousands of species modified and limited to subterranean habitats in karst. Data are concentrated in Europe and USA, where a number of detailed analyses have been performed. Much less is known with respect to global patterns due to a lack of data. This special issue will focus on and discuss the global patterns of individual hotspot caves and groundwater habitats.

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HANSON, THOR, THOMAS M. BROOKS, GUSTAVO A. B. DA FONSECA, MICHAEL HOFFMANN, JOHN F. LAMOREUX, GARY MACHLIS, CRISTINA G. MITTERMEIER, RUSSELL A. MITTERMEIER, and JOHN D. PILGRIM. "Warfare in Biodiversity Hotspots." Conservation Biology 23, no. 3 (June 2009): 578–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01166.x.

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Kitching, Roger. "Biodiversity, hotspots and defiance." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 15, no. 12 (December 2000): 484–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(00)02001-2.

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Xu, Si-Yuan, Tian-Ci Yi, Jian-Jun Guo, and Dao-Chao Jin. "Four New Species of Larval Charletonia and Leptus (Acari: Trombidiformes: Erythraeidae), with a Checklist of the Two Genera and Their Hosts from China." Insects 13, no. 12 (December 14, 2022): 1154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13121154.

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Four new species, Charletonia rectangia Xu and Jin sp. nov., Leptus (Leptus) bomiensis Xu and Jin sp. nov., Leptus (Leptus) longisolenidionus Xu and Jin sp. nov., and Leptus (Leptus) striatus Xu and Jin sp. nov. are described and illustrated based on larvae. All four new species are from biodiversity hotspots, L. (L.) bomiensissp. nov. from the Eastern Himalayas biodiversity hotspot, while the other three species from the Indo–Burma biodiversity hotspot.

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Amori, Giovanni, Spartaco Gippoliti, and Luca Luiselli. "Do biodiversity hotspots match with rodent conservation hotspots?" Biodiversity and Conservation 20, no. 14 (August 12, 2011): 3693–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0131-z.

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Gavish, Yoni. "Questioning Israel's Great Biodiversity—Relative to Whom? A Comment on Roll et al., 2009." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 57, no. 3 (May 6, 2011): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/ijee.57.3.183.

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Each evolutionary-independent province has its own mainland species area relationship (SPAR). When using the power law SPAR (S = cAz), separate mainland SPARs are parallel in a log-log space (similar z value), yet they differ in species density per unit area (c value). This implies that there are two main SPAR-based strategies to identify biodiversity hotspots. The first treats all mainland SPARs of all provinces as if they form one global SPAR. This is the strategy employed by Roll et al. (2009) when questioning Israel's high biodiversity. They concluded that Israel is not a global biodiversity hotspot. Their results may arise from the fact that Israel's province, the Palaearctic, is relatively poor. Therefore, countries from richer provinces, whose mainland SPAR lies above the Palaearctic SPAR, are identified as global hotspots. The second strategy is to construct different mainland SPARs for each province and identify the provincial hotspots. In this manuscript I ask whether Israel's biodiversity is high relative to other countries within its province. For six different taxa, I analyzed data for Palaearctic countries. For each taxon, I conducted a linear regression of species richness against the country's area, both log transformed. The studentized residuals were used to explore Israel's rank relative to all other Palaearctic countries. I found that Israel lies above the 95th percentile for reptiles and mammals and above the 90th percentile for birds. Therefore, within the Palaearctic province, Israel is indeed a biodiversity hotspot.

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Deharveng, Louis, Tanja Pipan, Anne Bedos, and David C. Culver. "Hotspots of Subterranean Biodiversity Redux." Diversity 14, no. 10 (September 24, 2022): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14100794.

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Jepson, Paul, and Susan Canney. "Biodiversity hotspots: hot for what?" Global Ecology and Biogeography 10, no. 3 (May 2001): 225–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822x.2001.00255.x.

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Cyranoski, David. "Calls to conserve biodiversity hotspots." Nature 439, no. 7078 (February 2006): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/439774a.

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Vamosi, J. C., T. M. Knight, J. A. Steets, S. J. Mazer, M. Burd, and T. L. Ashman. "Pollination decays in biodiversity hotspots." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103, no. 4 (January 17, 2006): 956–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507165103.

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Hopper, Stephen D., Fernando A. O. Silveira, and Peggy L. Fiedler. "Biodiversity hotspots and Ocbil theory." Plant and Soil 403, no. 1-2 (December 21, 2015): 167–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2764-2.

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Myers, Norman, Russell A. Mittermeier, Cristina G. Mittermeier, Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca, and Jennifer Kent. "Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities." Nature 403, no. 6772 (February 2000): 853–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35002501.

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Dalton, Rex. "Biodiversity cash aimed at hotspots." Nature 406, no. 6798 (August 2000): 818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35022730.

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Weinzettel, Jan, David Vačkář, and Helena Medková. "Human footprint in biodiversity hotspots." Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 16, no. 8 (July 3, 2018): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fee.1825.

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Kong, Xuesong, Zhengzi Zhou, and Limin Jiao. "Hotspots of land-use change in global biodiversity hotspots." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 174 (November 2021): 105770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105770.

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Bao, Wenhui, Xingyu Zeng, Chunyu Luo, Hongqiang Zhang, Yi Qu, and Nan Xu. "The Relationship between Hydrological Connectivity Changes Inside and Outside Biodiversity Hotspots and Its Implication for Sustainable Environmental Management." Sustainability 14, no. 11 (May 29, 2022): 6654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14116654.

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The conservation management of biodiversity hotspots is of vital significance for biological conservation. For wetlands, which are a special type of ecosystems that are based on water as their main medium, a decline in external hydrological connectivity often leads to wetland degradation inside biodiversity hotspots. In this context, the relationship between hydrological connectivity changes inside and outside hotspots is worth exploring. Based on the wetland biodiversity hotspots identified using systematic conservation planning, this study selected eight representative biodiversity hotspots with concentrated area. Integral index of connectivity, probability of connectivity (representing structural connectivity), and morphological spatial pattern analysis (representing functional connectivity) were used to analyze the hydrological connectivity changes inside various hotspots for 1995–2015. By taking the catchment area involved as the minimum basin perimeter, this study calculated the external hydrological connectivity changes of various hotspots during this period and analyzed the relationship between hydrological connectivity changes inside and outside of hotspots. The internal and external hydrological connectivity of wetland biodiversity hotspots were found to be significantly correlated. Moreover, the internal hydrological connectivity of hotspots not only declined with declining external structural connectivity, but also changed with the proportion of core wetlands, the proportion of edge wetlands, and the proportion of branch corridors. In addition, hotspots located at intersections of high-grade rivers were more significantly affected by climate change than by human activities and their hydrological connectivity increased with increasing rainfall. The internal hydrological connectivity of hotspots near low-grade rivers presented a declining trend, mainly because of human activities. This study clarified the relationship between internal and external hydrological connectivity of wetland biodiversity hotspots. Targeted internal and external control strategies are proposed, with the aim to offer references for the conservation of wetland biodiversity.

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Vincent, Holly, David Hole, and Nigel Maxted. "Congruence between global crop wild relative hotspots and biodiversity hotspots." Biological Conservation 265 (January 2022): 109432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109432.

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Moghanloo, Leila, Farrokh Ghahremaninejad, Mahmoud Bidarlord, and Akbar Norastehnia. "Diversity and distribution of endemic and threatened plant species in the Sorkhabad Protected Area, Zanjan, NW Iran and identification of the biodiversity hotspots in the area." Natura Croatica 32, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20302/nc.2023.32.2.

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Protected areas are a mainstay of biodiversity conservation. All over the world, plant biodiversity is at risk and every year the number of threatened species increases dramatically. Many of these species are endemic. Sorkhabad Protected Area is situated in Zanjan Province, NW Iran, and is located in the Irano-Anatolian global biodiversity hotspot. The aim of this study is to investigate endemic and threatened vascular plant species, classify the local rarity of these species and identify hotspots of them in this area. 81 endemic species belonging to 59 genera within 22 families and 116 threatened species belonging to 86 genera within 46 families were collected from the area. Fabaceae with 16 and Asteraceae with 14 endemic species are the two largest families and Astragalus L. with 13 endemic species is the largest genus in terms of the number of endemic species. The degree of endemism in the Sorkhabad Protected Area is 15.2 percent. The distribution map of species was prepared using ArcGIS 10.3. The hotspots in terms of endemic and threatened species richness were identified, occupying all told 50,709 ha (41.35%) of the Sorkhabad Protected Area. Identifying the hotspots will help to obtain a proper management program and consequently preserve the biodiversity of this area.

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Pironon, Samuel, James S. Borrell, Ian Ondo, Ruben Douglas, Charlotte Phillips, Colin K. Khoury, Michael B. Kantar, et al. "Toward Unifying Global Hotspots of Wild and Domesticated Biodiversity." Plants 9, no. 9 (August 31, 2020): 1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091128.

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Global biodiversity hotspots are areas containing high levels of species richness, endemism and threat. Similarly, regions of agriculturally relevant diversity have been identified where many domesticated plants and animals originated, and co-occurred with their wild ancestors and relatives. The agro-biodiversity in these regions has, likewise, often been considered threatened. Biodiversity and agro-biodiversity hotspots partly overlap, but their geographic intricacies have rarely been investigated together. Here we review the history of these two concepts and explore their geographic relationship by analysing global distribution and human use data for all plants, and for major crops and associated wild relatives. We highlight a geographic continuum between agro-biodiversity hotspots that contain high richness in species that are intensively used and well known by humanity (i.e., major crops and most viewed species on Wikipedia) and biodiversity hotspots encompassing species that are less heavily used and documented (i.e., crop wild relatives and species lacking information on Wikipedia). Our contribution highlights the key considerations needed for further developing a unifying concept of agro-biodiversity hotspots that encompasses multiple facets of diversity (including genetic and phylogenetic) and the linkage with overall biodiversity. This integration will ultimately enhance our understanding of the geography of human-plant interactions and help guide the preservation of nature and its contributions to people.

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Sun, Xinyuan, Na Huang, and Weiwei Zhou. "Geographical Patterns in Functional Diversity of Chinese Terrestrial Vertebrates." Diversity 14, no. 11 (November 16, 2022): 987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14110987.

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Identifying priority regions is essential for effectively protecting biodiversity. China is one of the world’s megabiodiversity countries, but its biodiversity is seriously threatened by anthropogenic forces. Many studies have identified priority regions in China for conserving biodiversity. However, most of these studies focused on plants and mainly relied on metrics such as species richness. A comprehensive assessment of functional diversity hotspots of Chinese terrestrial vertebrates is still lacking. In this study, we collected distribution information and functional traits of terrestrial Chinese vertebrates. We calculated functional richness and identified hotspots. Then, we assessed the overlap between functional hotspots and hotspots identified based on species richness. We found that the mountains in southern China harbor the most hotspots. Southwestern China is the most important region for biodiversity conservation, as it harbors functional diversity and species richness hotspots of multiple taxa. Mismatches between functional diversity and species richness hotspots were found in all taxa. Moreover, the locations of functional hotspots are different among taxa, even within taxonomic units. For example, the functional diversity patterns of Rodentia, Chiroptera and other mammalian taxa are different. These results highlight the importance of considering distinct groups separately in conservative actions.

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Culver, David C., Louis Deharveng, Tanja Pipan, and Anne Bedos. "An Overview of Subterranean Biodiversity Hotspots." Diversity 13, no. 10 (October 6, 2021): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13100487.

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Harcourt, A. H. "Coincidence and mismatch of biodiversity hotspots." Biological Conservation 93, no. 2 (April 2000): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3207(99)00145-7.

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Willis, Katherine J., Lindsey Gillson, and Sandra Knapp. "Biodiversity hotspots through time: an introduction." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 362, no. 1478 (December 19, 2006): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1976.

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International targets set for reducing the rate of biodiversity loss—the 2010 target—and ensuring environmental stability (Millennium Development Goals) have helped to focus the efforts of the scientific community on providing the data necessary for their implementation. The urgency of these goals, coupled with the increased rate of habitat alteration worldwide, has meant that actions have largely not taken into account the increasing body of data about the biodiversity change in the past. We know a lot about how our planet has been altered and recovered in the past, both in deep time and through prehistory. Linking this knowledge to conservation action has not been widely practised, by either the palaeoecology or the conservation communities. Long-term data, however, have much to offer current conservation practice, and in the papers for this volume we have tried to bring together a variety of different perspectives as to how this might happen in the most effective way. We also identify areas for productive collaboration and some key synergies for work in the near future to enable our knowledge of the past to be used for conservation action in the here and now. Lateral thinking, across knowledge systems and with open-mindness about bridging data gaps, will be necessary for our accumulating knowledge about our planet's past to be brought to bear on our attempts to conserve it in the future.

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Cooper, M. "Biodiversity hotspots in the developing world." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 13, no. 10 (October 1, 1998): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01469-4.

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Cincotta, Richard P., Jennifer Wisnewski, and Robert Engelman. "Human population in the biodiversity hotspots." Nature 404, no. 6781 (April 2000): 990–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35010105.

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Contreras-Medina, Raúl, Juan J. Morrone, and Isolda Luna Vega. "Biogeographic methods identify gymnosperm biodiversity hotspots." Naturwissenschaften 88, no. 10 (August 24, 2001): 427–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001140100252.

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Xu, Nan, Xueshi Liang, Tianyi Zhang, Juexian Dong, Yuan Wang, and Yi Qu. "Spatio-Temporal Evolution Patterns of Hydrological Connectivity of Wetland Biodiversity Hotspots in Sanjiang Plain between 1995 and 2015." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (March 10, 2023): 4952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15064952.

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Hydrological connectivity is the main non-biological driving factor of wetland ecological processes and is key to maintaining the stability and biodiversity of the whole ecosystem. Socio-economic activities have had a significant impact on the hydrological connectivity of wetlands, resulting in the loss of biodiversity and the degradation of the ecological functions of wetlands. Wetland biodiversity hotspots in Sanjiang Plain that were identified in the previous literature using the Systematic Conservation Planning (SCP) method were chosen as the research objects. The SCP method was combined with the structural hydrological connectivity index (Integral Index of Connectivity (IIC) and Probability of Connectivity (PC)) and the functional hydrological connectivity index (Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis) to analyze the spatio-temporal changes in the hydrological connectivity of the wetland biodiversity hotspots in Sanjiang Plain. The results showed that the hydrological connectivity within the eight identified wetland biodiversity hotspots in Sanjiang Plain experienced varying degrees of decline in the period between 1995 and 2015. Structurally, the IIC values of wetlands in all of the biodiversity hotspots were more than 0.5, and the PC values were more than 0.9, but most of the hotspots showed declining trends of varying degrees from 2010 to 2015. Functionally, the average proportion of core wetlands in the hotspots has decreased by 4.82%, and the average proportion of edge wetlands has increased by 2.71% over the last 20 years. The findings on the hydrological connectivity evolution patterns can aid in the conservation and restoration of wetlands and biodiversity hotspots.

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Schmiing, M., H. Diogo, RS Santos, and P. Afonso. "Assessing hotspots within hotspots to conserve biodiversity and support fisheries management." Marine Ecology Progress Series 513 (October 22, 2014): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps10924.

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Moore, Margaret. "THE BIODIVERSITY CRISIS, BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS, AND OUR OBLIGATIONS WITH RESPECT TO THEM." Social Philosophy and Policy 40, no. 2 (2023): 482–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052524000165.

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AbstractThis essay argues that we have a duty to protect biodiversity hotspots, rooted in an argument about the wrongful imposition of risk and intergenerational justice. State authority over territory and resources is not unlimited; the state has a duty to protect these areas. The essay argues that although biodiversity loss is a global problem, it can be tackled at the domestic level through clear rules. The argument thus challenges the usual view of state sovereignty, which holds that authority over territory, resources, and migration (all of which are connected to the protection of biodiversity hotspots) is unlimited.

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Lu, Yuting, Hong Wang, Yao Zhang, Jiahao Liu, Tengfei Qu, Xili Zhao, Haozhe Tian, Jingru Su, Dingsheng Luo, and Yalei Yang. "Combining Spatial–Temporal Remote Sensing and Human Footprint Indices to Identify Biodiversity Conservation Hotspots." Diversity 15, no. 10 (October 7, 2023): 1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15101064.

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Considering Inner Mongolia as the study area, the ecological theory of climate change, and human activities affecting a wide range of biodiversity patterns, MODIS multi-timeseries remote sensing image data were used and the interannual variation index was obtained by the method of fitting the curve to obtain the annual phenological and seasonal indicators. At the same time, the Landsat 8 standard deviation image was calculated to obtain the spatial variation index and generate spatial–temporal remote sensing indices to quantify the threat of climate change to biodiversity. In addition, the impact of human activities on biodiversity was quantified by generating a map of the human footprint in Inner Mongolia. The spatial–temporal remote sensing index and the human footprint index were integrated to identify areas protected from climate change and human activities, respectively. Eventually, the hotspot areas of biodiversity conservation in Inner Mongolia were obtained and priority protected area planning was based on the hotspot identification results. In this study, remote sensing technology was used to identify biodiversity conservation hotspots, which can overcome the limitations of insufficient species data from the past, improve the reliability of large-scale biodiversity conservation analyses, and be used for targeted management actions that have practical significance for biodiversity conservation planning.

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Zhao, Jianqiao, Yue Cao, Le Yu, Xiaoping Liu, Rui Yang, and Peng Gong. "Future global conflict risk hotspots between biodiversity conservation and food security: 10 countries and 7 Biodiversity Hotspots." Global Ecology and Conservation 34 (April 2022): e02036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02036.

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Baird Callicott, J., Ricardo Rozzi, Luz Delgado, Michael Monticino, Miguel Acevedo, and Paul Harcombe. "Biocomplexity and conservation of biodiversity hotspots: three case studies from the Americas." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 362, no. 1478 (December 19, 2006): 321–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1989.

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The perspective of ‘biocomplexity’ in the form of ‘coupled natural and human systems’ represents a resource for the future conservation of biodiversity hotspots in three direct ways: (i) modelling the impact on biodiversity of private land-use decisions and public land-use policies, (ii) indicating how the biocultural history of a biodiversity hotspot may be a resource for its future conservation, and (iii) identifying and deploying the nodes of both the material and psycho-spiritual connectivity between human and natural systems in service to conservation goals. Three biocomplexity case studies of areas notable for their biodiversity, selected for their variability along a latitudinal climate gradient and a human-impact gradient, are developed: the Big Thicket in southeast Texas, the Upper Botanamo River Basin in eastern Venezuela, and the Cape Horn Archipelago at the austral tip of Chile. More deeply, the biocomplexity perspective reveals alternative ways of understanding biodiversity itself, because it directs attention to the human concepts through which biodiversity is perceived and understood. The very meaning of biodiversity is contestable and varies according to the cognitive lenses through which it is perceived.

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KRAEMER, MÓNICA M. SOLÓRZANO, and NEAL L. EVENHUIS. "The first keroplatid (Diptera: Keroplatidae) species from the Lower Eocene amber of Vastan, Gujarat, India." Zootaxa 1816, no. 1 (July 4, 2008): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1816.1.4.

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India is considered one of the biodiversity hotspots of the world (Mittermeier et al. 2004), being a member of the Indo-Burma hotspot, which formerly included the Himalaya chain and the associated foothills in Nepal, Bhutan and India. The great diversity of fauna and flora in India is probably due to the large diversity of ecosystems and also probably due to its complex biogeographic and geodynamic history. In this context, the fossil record can give important information on the evolution of the terrestrial biodiversity of this region.

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Yalindua, Fione Yukita. "SPESIASI DAN BIOGEOGRAFI IKAN DI KAWASAN SEGITIGA TERUMBU KARANG." OSEANA 46, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 30–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/oseana.2021.vol.46no.1.101.

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The coral triangle is a region with the highest hotspot of fish biodiversity in the world. Factors to explain biodiversity in the coral triangle are varied widely. Factors as well as biogeography and speciation in evolutionary processes would explain the richness of fish species. The species formation theory in fish (speciation) is divided into allopatric, sympatric, and parapatric speciations. Biogeographically, the reason of what causes high biodiversity in the coral triangle area is divided into several models, namely: the center of origin, the center of overlap, the center of accumulation, the center of survival/refugia, and the mid domain effect/null model. This article will discuss the role and contribution of each mode/hypothesis in explaining coral triangle areas' biodiversity hotspots to provide information for biodiversity conservation of reef fishes in the future.

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Bellard, Céline, Camille Leclerc, Boris Leroy, Michel Bakkenes, Samuel Veloz, Wilfried Thuiller, and Franck Courchamp. "Vulnerability of biodiversity hotspots to global change." Global Ecology and Biogeography 23, no. 12 (September 13, 2014): 1376–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.12228.

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Ceballos, G., and P. R. Ehrlich. "Global mammal distributions, biodiversity hotspots, and conservation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103, no. 51 (December 12, 2006): 19374–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0609334103.

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Piacenza, Susan E., Lindsey L. Thurman, Allison K. Barner, Cassandra E. Benkwitt, Kate S. Boersma, Elizabeth B. Cerny-Chipman, Kurt E. Ingeman, et al. "Evaluating Temporal Consistency in Marine Biodiversity Hotspots." PLOS ONE 10, no. 7 (July 22, 2015): e0133301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133301.

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Joppa, Lucas N., David L. Roberts, Norman Myers, and Stuart L. Pimm. "Biodiversity hotspots house most undiscovered plant species." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108, no. 32 (July 5, 2011): 13171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1109389108.

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Farashi, Azita, and Mitra Shariati. "Biodiversity hotspots and conservation gaps in Iran." Journal for Nature Conservation 39 (September 2017): 37–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2017.06.003.

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Pitman, Nigel C. A. "Research in biodiversity hotspots should be free." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 25, no. 7 (July 2010): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2010.04.002.

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van der Ent, Antony, and Hans Lambers. "Plant-soil interactions in global biodiversity hotspots." Plant and Soil 403, no. 1-2 (May 18, 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2919-9.

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Lahaye, R., M. van der Bank, D. Bogarin, J. Warner, F. Pupulin, G. Gigot, O. Maurin, S. Duthoit, T. G. Barraclough, and V. Savolainen. "DNA barcoding the floras of biodiversity hotspots." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, no. 8 (February 7, 2008): 2923–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0709936105.

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Dalton, Rex. "Ecologists back blueprint to save biodiversity hotspots." Nature 406, no. 6799 (August 2000): 926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35023316.

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Araujo, Miguel B. "Biodiversity Hotspots and Zones of Ecological Transition." Conservation Biology 16, no. 6 (December 2002): 1662–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.02068.x.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Biodiversity hotspots'

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