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1
Inglesby, Alister Edward. "Biochemical and bioelectrochemical technology for third generation biofuel production." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648335.
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Wang, Yue. "Microalgae as the Third Generation Biofuel：Production, Usage, Challenges and Prospects." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-210995.
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Microalgae refer to a kind of autotrophic microorganism with rich nutrition and high photosynthetic utilization degree, which are widely living in the sea and land. Microalgae can be converted into bio energy such as biogas, biodiesel and bio oil. This thesis presents a review on the different cultivation methods and energy conversion techniques of microalgae. Through comparison with other biomass feedstocks, the advantages and disadvantages of microalgae are detailed. Since the large scale of microalgae bioenergy production has not been achieved yet, the commercial production requirements and the sustainability of microalgae are analysed. As a result, high lipid content, less cultivated land use and short life time circle are thought to be the typical advantages of microalgae that it can be considered as a potential substitute of fossil fuel.
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Онопа, Валерія Василівна. "Evaluation of the efficiency of biofuel production from microalgae." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/49685.
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Робота публікується згідно наказу ректора від 21.01.2020 р. №008/од "Про перевірку кваліфікаційних робіт на академічний плагіат у 2019-2020 навчальному році". Керівник роботи: доцент кафедри екології, к.т.н., Павлюх Леся Іванівна<br>Object of research biofuel production.
Subject – assessment of microalgae application for biofuel production.
Aim оf work – To determine the appropriateness of microalgae application for biofuels production.
Methods of research: analysis, data comparison, statistical data processing, mathematical modelling.
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Онопа, Валерія Василівна. "Evaluation of the efficiency of biofuel production from microalgae." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/44920.
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Робота публікується згідно наказу ректора від 21.01.2020 р. №008/од "Про перевірку кваліфікаційних робіт на академічний плагіат у 2019-2020 навчальному році". Керівник роботи: доцент кафедри екології, к.т.н., Павлюх Леся Іванівна<br>Object of research biofuel production.
Subject – assessment of microalgae application for biofuel production.
Aim оf work – To determine the appropriateness of microalgae application for biofuels production.
Methods of research: analysis, data comparison, statistical data processing, mathematical modelling.
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Magnusson, Mimmi. "Energy systems studied of biogas : Generation aspects of renewable vehicle fuels in the transport system." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Energiprocesser, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-105120.
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The transport sector is seen as particularly problematic when concerns about climate change and dependency on fossil energy are discussed. Because of this, bioenergy is strongly promoted for use in the transport sector, both on a European level and nationally in Sweden. Even though bioenergy is considered one of the key solutions, it is generally agreed that both supply- and demand-side measures will be needed to achieve a change to a more sustainable transport system. One of the reasons for this is the limited availability of biomass, especially agricultural feedstocks competing with food or feed production. Woody biomass, however more abundant, is also exposed to tough competition from other sectors. In this thesis, the role of biogas as a vehicle fuel in a future sustainable transport system is discussed together with the prerequisites needed to realise such a transport system. Biogas is a biofuel that could be produced in several different ways: by anaerobic digestion, which is a first-generation production route, by gasification, which is a second-generation process, and by catalytic reduction of carbon dioxide, a third-generation technology. The main focus in this thesis is on biogas produced by anaerobic digestion and the results show that there is a significant potential for an increase compared to today’s production. Biogas from anaerobic digestion, however, will only be able to cover a minor part of the demand in the Swedish transport sector. Considering biogas of the second and third generations, the potential for production is more uncertain in a mid-term future, mainly due to competition for feedstock, the possibility to produce other fuels by these processes, and the present immaturity of the technology. The limited potential for replacing fossil vehicle fuels, either by biogas or other renewable fuels, clearly shows the need for demand-side measures in the transport system as well. This thesis shows the importance of technical and non-technical means to decrease the demand for transport and to make the transport as efficient as possible. The results show that both energy-efficient vehicles and behavioural and infrastructural changes will be required. Policies and economic incentives set by governments and decision-making bodies have a prominent role to play, in order to bring about a shift to a more sustainable transport system, however, measures taken on individual level will also have a great impact to contribute to a more sustainable transport system.<br><p>QC 20121116</p>
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Forestier, Edith. "Biosynthesis and accumulation of terpenoids in plants : production of energy-rich triterpenoids in Euphorbia lathyris, a potential crop for third generation biofuels." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ044.
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L’objectif de ce projet de thèse était de caractériser le métabolisme de terpénoïdes (ou isoprénoïdes) chez les plantes supérieures. L’essentiel du travail a consisté à caractériser des triterpènes synthases (TTPS) d’Arabidopsis thaliana, un modèle végétal, ainsi que celles de l’épurge (Euphorbia lathyris), une euphorbe pour laquelle des applications agronomiques sont envisagées. Au cours de ma thèse, j’ai aussi contribué à l’étude du métabolisme et des fonctions des précurseurs de triterpènes et de stérols, ainsi qu’à leurs fonctions biologiques.Les triterpènes synthases, ou 2,3-oxydosqualène cyclases (OSCs), convertissent le substrat 2,3-oxydosqualene (SqO) en une multitude d'alcools triterpéniques, et ainsi amorcent la biosynthèse de dérivés triterpénoïdes (triterpènes oxydés, conjugués, etc ..). Arabidopsis thaliana contient 13 OSCs produisant divers squelettes triterpéniques, de type stéroïdien ou non-stéroïdien. Les produits de cyclisation du SqO ont été élucidés structuralement (GC-MS, RMN) après expression hétérologue des enzymes en levure erg7. Cette levure est déficiente en lanostérol synthase (ERG7), ce qui permet d'accumuler le SqO, substrat des cyclases. Lorsque le mutant est transformé avec un ADNc codant une triterpène synthase, il est capable de convertir le SqO en un ou plusieurs triterpènes. Cependant, la caractérisation des 13 OSCs d'Arabidopsis réalisée de façon hétérologue en levure n’a pas été établie inplanta. De façon surprenante, certains des composés produits dans les levures erg7 transformées n'ont jamais été détectés chez Arabidopsis. C'est pourquoi il a été nécessaire de reconsidérer les fonctions biochimiques exactes de ces enzymes dans un contexte végétal<br>The subject of this PhD thesis is part of a research project entitled "Production of energy-rich triterpenoids in Euphorbia lathyris, a potential crop for third generation biofuels," whose acronym is EULAFUEL. This project is funded by a multipartner program ANR-KBBE and has been extended until December 2013. The aim of this PhD project is to get new insights into the aspects related with the biosynthesis and accumulation of latex triterpenoids. In addition, for comparison, a major objective of the thesis is to characterize functionally the enzymes involved in the synthesis of triterpenes in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Triterpene synthases, also named oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs), convert 2,3-oxidosqualene (OS) into a multitude of triterpene alcohols and there by initiate triterpene biosynthesis. Arabidopsis thaliana for instance has 13 OSCs producing diverse skeletons of steroidal or non-steroidal triterpenes. Cyclization products of a given enzyme have been characterized biochemically using a yeast heterologous expression system. However, for the majority of Arabidopsis triterpene synthases, inplanta studies are lacking. In fact, most of the compounds produced in yeast expressing such enzymes have never been detected in wild-type Arabidopsis. This is a reason why we should reconsider the exact biochemical function of triterpene synthases in the plant context. Then, in a comparative approach in E. lathyris, we project to study the specific triterpene accumulation in the laticifers, a specialized cell type where high amounts of lanosterol, an unusual OS cyclization product for plants, accumulate
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Fattahi, Hanieh. "Third-generation femtosecond technology." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-179044.
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Chirped pulse amplification in solid-state lasers is currently the method
of choice for producing high-energy ultrashort pulses, having surpassed
the performance of dye lasers over 20 years ago. The third generation of
femtosecond technology based on short-pulse-pumped optical parametric
chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) holds promise for providing few-cycle
pulses with terawatt-scale peak powers and kilowatt-scale-average powers
simultaneously, heralding the next wave of attosecond and femtosecond science.
OPCPA laser systems pumped by near-1-ps pulses support broadband
and efficient amplification of few-cycle pulses due to their unrivaled gain
per unit length. This is rooted in the high threshold for dielectric breakdown
of the nonlinear crystals for even shorter pump pulse durations. Concomitantly,
short pump pulses simplify dispersion management and improve the
temporal contrast of the amplified signal.
This thesis covers the main experimental and theoretical steps required
to design and operate a high-power, high-energy, few-cycle OPCPA. This includes
the generation of a broadband, high-contrast, carrier envelope phase
(CEP)-stable seed, the practical use of a high-power thin-disk regenerative
amplifier, its efficient use for pumping a multi-stage OPCPA chain and compression
of the resulting pulses. A theoretical exploration of the concept
and its extension to different modes of operation, including widely-tunable,
high-power multi-cycle pulse trains, and ultrabroadband waveform synthesis
is presented.
Finally, a conceptual design of a field synthesizer with multi-terawatt,
multi-octave light transients is discussed, which holds promise for extending
the photon energy attainable via high harmonic generation to several kiloelectronvolts,
nourishing the hope for attosecond spectroscopy at hard-x-ray
wavelengths.
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Pryor, Owen. "Ignition Studies of Diisopropyl Ketone, A Second-Generation Biofuel." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1637.
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This thesis focuses on ignition of diisopropyl ketone (DIPK), a new biofuel candidate that is produced by endophytic conversion. The ignition delay times behind reflected shockwaves were modeled in a high-pressure shock tube. The ignition delay times were compared to other biofuels and gasoline surrogates. Parametric studies of the ignition delay experiments were performed between 1-10 atm and 900 -1200K. An OH optical sensor was developed in conjunction for the ignition delay experiments. The OH optical sensor uses a microwave discharge lamp to generate light at 308 nm that will then be shined through the combustion reaction. Using Beer-Lambert law the concentration of OH can be obtained during ignition and oxidation of hydrocarbon fuels in a shock tube. DIPK ignition delay time experiments are planned in two shock tubes (located at UCF and UF) to provide ignition and OH time-histories data for model validation.<br>B.S.A.E.<br>Bachelors<br>Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering<br>Engineering and Computer Science<br>Aerospace Engineering
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Hosseini-Khorasgani, Sayed-Ali. "Third harmonic generation in semiconductor superlattices." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318603.
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Griffiths, Gary. "Towards a third generation analyst workbench." Thesis, Teesside University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239173.
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Alam, Fakhrul. "Simulation of Third Generation CDMA Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36387.
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The goal for the next generation of mobile communications system is to seamlessly integrate a wide variety of communication services such as high speed data, video and multimedia traffic as well as voice signals. The technology needed to tackle the challenges to make these services available is popularly known as the Third Generation (3G) Cellular Systems. One of the most promising approaches to 3G is to combine a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) air interface with the fixed network of Global System for Mobile communications (GSM). In this thesis a signal simulator was implemented according to the physical layer specification of the IMT-2000 WCDMA system. The data is transmitted in a frame by frame basis through a time varying channel. The transmitted signal is corrupted by multiple access interference which is generated in a structured way rather than treating it as Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN). The signal is further corrupted by AWGN at the front end of the receiver. Simple rake diversity combining is employed at the receiver. We investigate the bit error rate at both uplink and downlink for different channel conditions. Performance improvement due to error correction coding scheme is shown. The simulator developed can be an invaluable tool for investigating the design and implementation of WCDMA systems.<br>Master of Science
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Goble, Ryan A. "Narrative Accounts of Third-Generation Mexican-Americans: Bilingualism in a Third Space." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/40.
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While language shift is common in immigrant families by the third generation, maintenance of the heritage language is not impossible, depending on geography and other language socializing contexts such as parental communication and interactions with monolingual relatives of the minority language that provide the third generation with opportunities to use the language. The scholarship on the language shift to monolingual-English and the maintenance of Spanish in Latino immigrant families in the United States typically only considers how earlier generations socialize later generations to use one language over the other, without much attention to third-generation individuals themselves. Therefore, the purpose of the present thesis is to examine the narrative accounts of third-generation Mexican-American adults—the generation that typically loses the heritage language—in order to understand how they construct the experience of being socialized to use English and Spanish throughout their lives.
Data consist of ten, hour-long, transcribed audio-recorded interviews with ten third-generation Mexican-American individuals. The interview questions were quite open-ended about their use of Spanish. I conducted discourse analysis with the purpose of identifying narrative accounts that conveyed these third-generation individuals’ constructed realities regarding their own Spanish use and their interactions with various Spanish-speaking family members.
The findings indicate that the participants construct themselves as linguistically insecure with regard to their Spanish use. They explain their lack of ideologically “pure” Spanish in relation to socialization as they have interacted with various Spanish-speaking relatives throughout their lives. Moreover, they justify their lack of “pure” Spanish by constructing a third space for their Spanish use. They claim to use a new, localized variety of Spanish, which they consider to be illegitimate, thus self-defining as monolingual English speakers. However, I argue that their narrative accounts actually de-dichotomize bilingualism by opening the possibility of Third Space Spanish. Implications include the need for further research on the relationship between socialization, linguistic insecurity, and contested third space Spanish.
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Haussler, Nicholas I. "Third generation gangs revisited : the Iraq insurgency /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Sep%5FHaussler.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2005.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): James Russell, Anne Marie Baylouny. Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-111). Also available online.
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Stergiou, Theodore. "Protocol security for third generation telecommunication systems." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3023/.
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In this thesis, a novel protocol stack architecture is presented. The Future Core Networks System (FCNS) forms a secure reference model for use in packet-switched structures, with its applicability ranging from computer to telecommunication networks. An insight on currently used network protocol systems is given, analysing standardised sets of communication rules with respect to the security they afford to the messages exchanged. The lack of protection schemes for the internal protocol stack messages and the implementation pitfalls of their security architectures are described, in relation to the effects they have on the communication process. The OSI security model is also considered, with disadvantages identified in the placement of security functionality and its management. The drawbacks depicted for currently used systems form the motivation behind this work. The analysis of the FCNS follows, which is composed of three parts. In the first part, the FCNS communication layers are examined, with respect to the mechanisms used to establish, maintain and tear down a connection between peer entities. In the second part, the security mechanisms of the proposed reference architecture are given, including details on the FCNS keystream generator used for the security of the internal FCNS messages. Finally, the FCNS Error Protocol is depicted, illustrating the modes of operation and advantages it exhibits over currently used systems. The work then moves into presenting details of the software FCNS implementation, followed by the presentation of the results and measurements obtained by the case studies created. Comparisons are given in relation to the TCP/IP suite, to provide the means of identifying the FCNS applicability in various network environments. The work is concluded by presenting the FCNS functionality in delivering information for the UMTS, together with further work that may enhance the flexibility and use of the proposed architecture.
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Delivasilis, Dimitrios L. "Data security for third generation telecommunication systems." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404694.
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VILLANUEVA, UWE ROJAS. "COEXISTENCE BETWEEN THIRD AND FOURTH GENERATION TECHNOLOGIES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=18484@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>A chegada da tecnologia 4G acontece simultaneamente com a tecnologia
que hoje temos (2G e 3G). Deste modo, uma pergunta natural é se elas vão
conseguir coexistir ou se, no futuro, apresentarão problemas de coexistência. Para
responder a estas perguntas, é preciso pesquisar para podermos predizer se, de
alguma maneira, há possibilidade de falhas no futuro. E é assim que poderíamos
explicar interferência, que é um problema que sempre existe e que se opõe à boa
qualidade de serviço. No Brasil, já se discute o uso da frequência de 2.5 GHz, para
serviços de 4a geração, por atender melhor as necessidades dos usuários. Isto que
acontecerá também se, de alguma maneira, usarmos outras frequências como no
caso de 900 MHz, que é considerada uma banda muito disputada na Europa.
Existem operadoras que começaram a fazer testes com esta banda, e isso nos faz
pensar que, de qualquer forma, teremos que conviver com a mesma banda em diferentes tecnologias. Assim, este trabalho apresenta um estudo de simulação de diversos casos de interferência e como cada um deles irá afetar o desempenho dos sistemas 4G coexistindo com sistemas mais antigos.<br>The arrival of 4G technology takes place simultaneously with the technology we have today (2G and 3G). Thus, a natural question is whether they
will be able to coexist in the future or will present problems of coexistence. In
order to answer these questions, it is necessary to search predicting if there is
possibility of failure in the future. And that s how we explain interference, which
is a problem that always exists and precludes good quality of service. In Brazil
there is discussion about the use of 2.5 GHz frequency for 4G to better meet the
users’needs. This will happened if in some way we use other frequencies as the
case of 900 MHz band which is considered a hard fought in Europe. There are
carriers that have begun to experiment with this band, and this makes us think that
in any way we will live with different technologies in the same band. Thus, this work presents a simulation study of several cases of interference, in which each
will affect the performance of 4G systems coexisting with older systems.
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Akbar, Ihsan Ali. "Markov Modeling of Third Generation Wireless Channels." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32421.
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Wireless has proved to be one of the most important and fastest growing fields of communications especially during last few decades. To achieve reliable communication, we model a wireless system to analyze its performance and to find ways to improve the reliability of a particular system. Extensive research is being done to accurately model wireless systems, and to achieve better performance. Simulation techniques have been in use for many years to support the design and evaluation of electronic communication systems. Over the past few decades, Computer Aided Design (CAD) techniques (including both computerized analytical techniques and simulation) have matured, and are now usually applied at some point in the system design/development process.
The aim of this thesis is to find efficient algorithms that can model third generation wireless channels in a discrete sense. For modeling these channels, mathematical tools known as hidden Markov models are used. These models have proved themselves to be very efficient in many areas of electrical engineering including speech recognition, pattern recognition, artificial intelligence, wavelets and queuing theory. Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA) wireless communication parameters including channels fading statistics, Bit Error Rate (BER) performance and interval distribution of errors are modeled using different Markov models, and their results are tested and validated.
Four algorithms for modeling error sources are implemented, and their results are discussed. Both hidden Markov models and semi-hidden Markov models are used in this thesis, and their results are validated for the W-CDMA environment. The state duration distributions for these channels are also approximated using Phase-Type (PH) distribution.<br>Master of Science
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Basu, Piyali. "A novel whole system integrated genomics approach to identify key genetic components which facilitate synthetic design of a genetically engineered strain of Escherichia coli K12 with enhanced isobutanol tolerance." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13712.
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There has been an increased global interest in biofuels which provide a renewable and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. Isobutanol is an attractive and superior alternative to the currently produced bioethanol possessing several key advantages. Previous work focuses on strategies for metabolic optimisation of carbon utilisation. However, existing solutions reach a stage where the amount of alcohol produced reaches toxic thresholds for bacteria. This inhibits growth and reduces carbohydrate consumption resulting in lower product yields rendering the biofuel production process uneconomical. In this project, a novel strategy has been adopted which uses a whole system integrated genomics approach consisting of expression profiling, selection to create isobutanol-adapted lineages, next generation sequencing, and comparative behavioural genomics to interrogate the system thoroughly and identify critical determinants of resistance to isobutanol. These were used in the highly-defined model species, E. coli K12 to deliver results of the adaptive mechanisms which take place across the entire genome. 41 gene candidates (4 previously identified in literature) were identified to play a role in isobutanol tolerance. These candidates belong to a range of functional groups such as carbohydrate metabolism, oxidative stress response, osmotic stress response; but also identified novel membrane-associated functions such as the Tol-Pal system, BAM complex and colanic acid production. The results also identify critical genes with unknown functions. The results support previous notions that central carbon metabolism shifts from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism in the presence of isobutanol, but also shows there is a transitionary phase where mixed acid fermentation pathways are utilised. This shift was previously thought to be mediated by the ArcA-ArcB two-component system. However, these results suggest the inactive 2Fe-2S core of the anaerobic-regulator Fnr is re-activated by Fe2+ to form the 4Fe-4S core transported by the FeoAB ferrous iron transport system. The strategy also identified the Tol-Pal system and show it is essential to grow in the presence of isobutanol, which is responsible for the maintaining the integrity of the cell envelope structure and increasing the rate of cell division. The BAM complex is responsible for folding and assembly of outer membrane proteins (OMP) and OMP membrane permeability- this system was found to be important for growth in isobutanol, and SurA, which is the primary OMP assembly pathway provided tolerance which was specific to isobutanol. Colanic acid, an extracellular polysaccharide is produced when the cell experiences stress, and provides protection by forming a physical barrier around the cell. The results show that the presence of colanic acid plays a large role in allowing E. coli to grow in presence of isobutanol, and its role becomes essential at critical concentrations. The results also show deletion of the negative regulator of the colanic acid gene cluster improves growth at critical and growth-inhibiting concentrations. When consolidated, these results facilitated knowledge-led based design and subsequently led to the identification of components for a synthetic design schedule, which lists the genetic manipulations proposed to exploit E. coli to enhance isobutanol tolerance.
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Jatunov, Loran Aleksandrovich. "Unified Performance Analysis for Third-Generation CDMA Systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5212.
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Analytic models for the performance of the forward link of 3G CDMA
systems using different maximum ratio combining (MRC) RAKE finger
weight assignments are presented. The spreading modulations under
investigation are the balanced QPSK and the complex-spreading QPSK.
The models are computationally efficient, accurate, and
applicable to Root Raised Cosine (RRC) pulse shaping with any
roll-off factor, variable processing gain, chip rate, and data
rate for orthogonal codes, random codes, quasi-orthogonal codes,
Gaussian noise, and realistic channel models. The expressions
derived are then used to obtain the so-called orthogonality
factor, which is commonly used in system-level simulations.
Next, closed-form mathematical expressions for the variance due to
infinite chips interfering in systems using arbitrary Nyquist
pulses are derived. These expressions are applicable to both the
forward link and the reverse link. For the latter, the existing
knowledge on the accurate and efficient estimation of the
performance of CDMA systems is extended by presenting closed
mathematical expressions for bandlimited systems using arbitrary
Nyquist pulses for both BPSK and Offset-QPSK (OQPSK)
modulation. The impact
of adjacent channel interference in bandlimited systems is
subsequently considered. Finally, mathematical expressions for the
accurate and efficient estimation of a CDMA system using RRC
pulse-shaping and a RAKE receiver in the presence of multipath
interference are presented.
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Lipton-Duffin, Josh. "First results from a third generation KRIPES system." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ63326.pdf.
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Alsolaim, Ahmad M. "Dynamically reconfigurable architecture for third generation mobile systems." Ohio : Ohio University, 2002. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1178733781.
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Bullock, Ben Kasmin. "Third generation fermions as probes of new physics." Thesis, Durham University, 1994. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5487/.
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This thesis concerns the properties of two particles, the top quark and the tau lepton, the heaviest of the quarks and leptons, respectively, in the standard model of elementary particle physics. After a chapter introducing the standard model, the second concerns the tau lepton. Amongst all the quarks and leptons, the tau has the unique property that its polarisation can readily be measured at high energy colliders. We propose and develop new methods of using this unique property to search for new physics, such as Higgs bosons, and also for making an accurate measurement of the polarisation of taus produced via Z decay leading to a precision determination of the electroweak coupling. The third chapter of this thesis concerns the top quark. We perform the complete one- loop radiative corrections to the helicity amplitudes within the standard model. Even though the radiative corrections to top quark production and decay have already been calculated separately, our work makes it possible to combine the sequence of events by keeping full information on the correlations among final state particles.
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Yi, Jae Hwang 1963. "The third generation mobile telecommunication business in Korea." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8918.
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Thesis (S.M.M.O.T.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Management of Technology Program, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaf 75).<br>The recent progress of the 3G technology and the up-coming 3G mobile telecommunication market environment of Korea were reviewed. On the basis of this knowledge, a simple system dynamics model was constructed. From the analysis of previous Korean mobile plethora, the model found that the network effect was the most important factor for the diffusion of mobile service in Korea. To investigate the competition on of 2G and 3G businesses, a more complicated model was designed. After its results, the initial large number of service contents of 3G will be helpful for expanding its market share for a short term, and the degree of technology performance and social demand is more helpful for a long term business. The model says the success of 30 businesses is quite dependent on how to quickly and effectively switch 2G subscribers into 3G subscribers. To do that just early entree to the market is not going to make a difference from 2G services. The 3G service providers have to decide whether it is right time to start the business by considering the technology performance differentiation from existing technology and the social need for bandwidth simultaneously.<br>by Jae Hwang Yi.<br>S.M.M.O.T.
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Tsoulos, George V. "Smart antennas for third generation wireless personal communications." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336243.
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Dowrick, Thomas Martin. "Biologically motivated circuits for third generation neural networks." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3024754/.
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Alam, Fakhrul. "Space Time Processing for Third Generation CDMA Systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29669.
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The capacity of a cellular system is limited by two different phenomena, namely multipath fading and multiple access interference (MAI). A Two Dimensional (2-D) receiver combats both of these by processing the signal both in the spatial and temporal domain. An ideal 2-D receiver would perform joint space-time processing, but at the price of high computational complexity. In this dissertation we investigate computationally simpler technique termed as a Beamformer-Rake. In a Beamformer-Rake, the output of a beamformer is fed into a succeeding temporal processor to take advantage of both the beamformer and Rake receiver. Wireless service providers throughout the world are working to introduce the third generation (3G) cellular service that will provide higher data rates and better spectral efficiency. Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) has been widely accepted as one of the air interfaces for 3G. A Beamformer-Rake receiver can be an effective solution to provide the receivers enhanced capabilities needed to achieve the required performance of a WCDMA system. This dissertation investigates different Beamformer-Rake receiver structures suitable for the WCDMA system and compares their performance under different operating conditions. This work develops Beamformer-Rake receivers for WCDMA uplink that employ Eigen-Beamforming techniques based on the Maximum Signal to Noise Ratio (MSNR) and Maximum Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio (MSINR) criteria. Both the structures employ Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC) to exploit temporal diversity.
MSNR based Eigen-Beamforming leads to a Simple Eigenvalue problem (SE). This work investigates several algorithms that can be employed to solve the SE and compare the algorithms in terms of their computational complexity and their performance. MSINR based Eigen-Beamforming results in a Generalized Eigenvalue problem (GE). The dissertation describes several techniques to form the GE and algorithms to solve it. We propose a new low-complexity algorithm, termed as the Adaptive Matrix Inversion (AMI), to solve the GE. We compare the performance of the AMI to other existing algorithms. Comparison between different techniques to form the GE is also compared. The MSINR based beamforming is demonstrated to be superior to the MSNR based beamforming in the presence of strong interference.
There are Pilot Symbol Assisted (PSA) beamforming techniques that exploit the Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) criterion. We compare the MSINR based Beamformer-Rake with the same that utilizes Direct Matrix Inversion (DMI) to perform MMSE based beamforming in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER). In a wireless system where the number of co-channel interferers is larger than the number of elements of a practical antenna array, we can not perform explicit null-steering. As a result the advantage of beamforming is partially lost. In this scenario it is better to attain diversity gain at the cost of spatial aliasing. We demonstrate this with the aid of simulation.
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a multi-carrier technique that has recently received considerable attention for high speed wireless communication. OFDM has been accepted as the standard for Digital Audio Broadcast (DAB) and Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) in Europe. It has also been established as one of the modulation formats for the IEEE 802.11a wireless LAN standard. OFDM has emerged as one of the primary candidates for the Fourth Generation (4G) wireless communication systems and high speed ad hoc wireless networks. We propose a simple pilot symbol assisted frequency domain beamforming technique for OFDM receiver and demonstrate the concept of sub-band beamforming. Vector channel models measured with the MPRG Viper test-bed is also employed to investigate the performance of the beamforming scheme.<br>Ph. D.
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Nader, Gustavo. "Ultra Wideband Interference on Third-Generation Wireless Networks." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30046.
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As a license-exempt technology, Ultra Wideband (UWB) can be used for numerous commercial and military applications, including ranging, sensing, low-range networking and multimedia consumer products. In the networking and consumer fields, the technology is envisioned to reach the mass market, with a very high density of UWB devices per home and office. The technology is based on the concept of transmitting a signal with very low power spectral density (PSD), while occupying a very wide bandwidth. In principle, the low emissions mask protects incumbent systems operating in the same spectrum from being interfered with, while the wide bandwidth offers the possibility of high data rates, in excess of 250 Mbps.
UWB has been regulated to operate in the 3.1 to 10.6 GHz portion of the spectrum, with an emissions mask for the lower and upper bands outside this range. The commercial wireless mobile services based on third generation (3G) networks occupy a portion of the spectrum in the 2 GHz band, falling under the UWB emissions mask.
UWB and UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephone Systems) devices will coexist, sharing the same spectrum.
In this research, we investigate the UWB-3G coexistence problem, analyzing the impact of UWB on UMTS networks. Firstly, we review the mathematical model of the UWB signal, its temporal and spectral properties. We then analyze and model the effects of the UWB signal on a narrowband receiver. Next, we characterize the response of the UMTS receiver to UWB interference, determining its statistical behavior, and establishing a model to replicate it. We continue by proposing a link level model that offers a first order quantitative estimate of the impact of a UWB interferer on a UMTS victim receiver, demonstrating the potentially harmful effect of UWB on the UMTS link. We elaborate on that initial evidence by proposing and implementing a practical systemlevel algorithm to realistically simulate the behavior of the UMTS network in the presence of multiple sources of UWB interference.
We complete the research by performing UMTS system level simulations under various conditions of UWB interference, with the purpose of assessing its impact upon a typical UMTS network. We analyze the sensitivity of the main UWB parameters affecting UMTS performance, investigating the coverage and capacity performance aspects of the network. The proposed analysis methodology creates a framework to characterize the impact that mass-deployed UWB can have on the performance of a 3G system.
The literature on UWB-3G coexistence is inconclusive, and even contradictory, as to the impact UWB can have on the performance of third-generation wireless networks. While some studies show that UWB can be highly detrimental to 3G networks, others have concluded that both systems can gracefully coexist. Through this study, we found that at the current emissions limits regulated for UWB, a mass uptake of this technology can negatively affect the performance of third-generation (3G) wireless networks. The quality of service experienced by a 3G user in close proximity to an active UWB device can be noticeably degraded, in the form of reduced coverage range, poor voice quality (for a voice call), lower data rates (for a data session) or, in a extreme situation, complete service blockage. As the ratio of UWB devices surrounding a 3G user grows, the degradation becomes increasingly more evident. We determined that in order for UWB tocoexist with 3G networks without causing any performance degradation, a minimum power backoff of 20 dB should be applied to the current emission limits.<br>Ph. D.
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Gibon, Thomas. "Environmental Input-Output Assessment of Integrated Second Generation Biofuel Production in Fenno-Scandinavia." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9066.
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<p>The goal of this study is to investigate the potential implementation of integrated dimethyl ether (DME) production from by-products of the pulp and paper industry in Fenno-Scandinavia (Finland, Norway and Sweden) and to quantify the consequences of several use scenarios in which fossil fuels were gradually substituted by DME. To that end, two analytical frameworks were jointly used, life cycle assessment (LCA) and environmentally-extended input-output analysis (EEIOA). The first framework was utilised to make an exhaustive inventory of the Chemrec process and its integration in the Finnish, Norwegian and Swedish contexts. The latter framework was employed in order to incorporate this production system into a multi-regional input-output model that has been created for the purpose of the study. For data availability reasons, the stressors that have been examined are anthropogenic carbon dioxide, methane and dinitrogen monoxide, widely regarded as the elements which are responsible for the most serious environmental impacts. Three different story lines (plus a baseline scenario) were taken into account: a resource assessment scenario, in which a total implementation is assumed; a policy-independent approach setting a constant increase in the use of biofuels and a policy-compliance approach, aiming at satisfying European directive goals. It results that 5.21 to 20.6 Mt of DME can be produced, while the range of greenhouse gases emissions that can be saved thanks to a black liquor-based DME production scheme goes from 46.7 (scenario 3) to 70.5 (scenario 2) Mt in 2050, that is, 8.1512.8% out of the otherwise total emissions in Fenno-Scandinavia. This LCA/IO analysis emphasises that the amount of greenhouse gases emissions embodied in every kg of DME highly depends on each country's background economy and evolves considerably along the decade, unit-level analysis show drastic reductions (-15% to -57% between 2000 and 2050) in DME embodied emissions. A nationwide analysis highlights a very important potential from the Finnish pulp and paper industry. All in all, it shows that such a biofuel production scheme should be implemented in countries that have an remarkable environmental profile to obtain very significant environmental performances. Only a joint effort of all the key sectors (energy, transportation, households) can lead to climate change mitigation and energy security.</p>
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Swana, Jeffrey Ross. "Construction and Analysis of a Modified Yeast Strain for Next Generation Biofuel Production." Digital WPI, 2013. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/52.
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Current research efforts are focused on 'second generation biofuels', which includes biofuels produced from lignocellulosic material. Lignocellulosic material is primarily composed of cellulose, a glucose polymer, xylose rich hemicellulose and non-fermentable lignin. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely used on an industrial scale for the production of ethanol from glucose; however, native S. cerevisiae does not contain the genes required for fermentation of xylose into ethanol. Others have sequentially expressed trans-genes from xylose fermenting organisms to engineer strains of S. cerevisiae capable of fermenting this pentose. The goal of this thesis was to generate a single cassette of 9 genes which have been shown to ferment xylose and arabinose. The 17 kb DNA fragment harboring all the genes necessary was introduced into the yeast genome using one-step homologous recombination based transformation. Expression of this cassette was verified by demonstrating that the first and last genes on this cassette were transcribed. The modified strain exhibited xylose utilization under microaerobic fermentation conditions. Further genetic and process engineering methods may be employed to improve the yield. The experiments described here demonstrate that generating a functional cassette of pentose fermenting genes is still achievable.
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Jin, Ying. "Sustainable Production of Fuel : A Study for Customer Adoption of 2nd Generation of Biofuel." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-131910.
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Abstract Finding a new fuel to substitute gasoline which reducing rapidly every year, is an urgent problem in the world. In this situation, biofuel is considered to be one kind of new fuel which make no pollution. Nowadays, 1st generation biofuel is familiar with people and adopted by customers, which make it have a stable market share. Since it also brings new problems, 2nd generation biofuel appear and solve all the problems.In the thesis, I compared the pros and cons between the 1st and 2nd generation biofuel in order to find the possibility if the 2nd generation biofuel can substitute the 1st generation biofuel in the petroleum market. And the customer surveys will also show the detail ideas and data about the customers’ options. If people trust the 2nd generation biofuel can substitute the 1st generation one, the new biofuel will have the stable market share in the future . It means 2nd generation biofuel could be easily introduced in the market.This thesis investigate the possibility for introducing 2nd generation biofuels into the petroleum market. The theories based on the market segments, customer buying behavior, customer value, adopt decision making and characteristic of innovations.This study contain data which includes five interviews and one hundred customer surveys. It shows consumers’ personal idea and some managers’ thinking about whether 2nd generation biofuels will be potential in the market.In the thesis, it will indicate whether customers will be easily or difficult to adopt the new product and find the critical issues for the adoption.
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Poole, David A. "A Production and Cost Modeling Methodology of 2nd Generation Biofuel in the United States." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5373.
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The use of biofuels in the United States has increased dramatically in the last few years. The largest source of feedstock for ethanol to date has been corn. However, corn is also a vitally important food crop and is used commonly as feed for cattle and other livestock. To prevent further diversion of an important food crop to production of ethanol, there is great interest in developing commercial-scale technologies to make ethanol from non-food crops, or other suitable plant material. This is commonly referred to as biomass. A review is made of lignocellulosic sources being considered as feedstocks to produce ethanol. Current technologies for pretreatment and hydrolysis of the biomass material are examined and discussed. Production data and cost estimates are culled from the literature, and used to assist in development of mathematical models for evaluation of production ramp-up profiles, and cost estimation. These mathematical models are useful as a planning tool, and provide a methodology to estimate monthly production output and costs for labor, capital, operations and maintenance, feedstock, raw materials, and total cost. Existing credits for ethanol production are also considered and modeled. The production output in liters is modeled as a negative exponential growth curve, with a rate coefficient providing the ability to evaluate slower, or faster, growth in production output and its corresponding effect on monthly cost. The capital and labor costs per unit of product are determined by dividing the monthly debt service and labor costs by that month's production value. The remaining cost components change at a constant rate in the simulation case studies. This methodology is used to calculate production levels and costs as a function of time for a 25 million gallon per year capacity cellulosic ethanol plant. The parameters of interest are calculated in MATLAB with a deterministic, continuous system simulation model. Simulation results for high, medium, and low cost case studies are included. Assumptions for the model and for each case study are included and some comparisons are made to cost estimates in the literature. While the cost per unit of product decreases and production output increases over time, some reasonable cost values are obtained by the end of the second year for both the low and medium cost case studies. By the end of Year 2, total costs for those case studies are $0.48 per liter and $0.88 per liter, respectively. These cost estimates are well within the reported range of values from the reviewed literature sources. Differing assumptions for calculations made by different sources make a direct cost comparison with the outputs of this modeling methodology extremely difficult. Proposals for reducing costs are introduced. Limitations and shortcomings of the research activity are discussed, along with recommendations for potential future work in improving the simulation model and model verification activities. In summary, the author was not able to find evidence--within the public domain--of any similar modeling and simulation methodology that uses a deterministic, continuous simulation model to evaluate production and costs as a function of time. This methodology is also unique in highlighting the important effect of production ramp-up on monthly costs for capital (debt service) and labor. The resultant simulation model can be used for planning purposes and provides an independent, unbiased estimate of cost as a function of time.<br>ID: 031001414; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: Peter Kincaid.; Title from PDF title page (viewed June 14, 2013).; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-48).<br>M.S.<br>Masters<br>Industrial Engineering and Management Systems<br>Engineering and Computer Science<br>Modeling and Simulation
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Fattahi, Hanieh Verfasser], and Ferenc [Akademischer Betreuer] [Krausz. "Third-generation femtosecond technology / Hanieh Fattahi. Betreuer: Ferenc Krausz." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1067400176/34.
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NUNES, WALDIR GALLUZZI. "PLANNING OF THIRD GENERATION MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (WCDMA-FDD)." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2002. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=2764@1.
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Os sistemas de comunicações móveis celulares de terceira
geração trazem a promessa de oferta de serviços diversos e
avançados de comunicação. Estes serviços implicam em
requisitos heterogêneos de desempenho da comunicação, e na
conseqüente influência de diferentes parcelas de carga
sobre a infra-estrutura empregada. Este trabalho contempla a
questão do planejamento, dado que pode haver cargas
heterogêneas simultâneas, e avalia fatores relacionados à
carga, propondo uma ferramenta para modelá-la
estatisticamente, de forma que se possa escolher raios de
célula apropriados como subsídio à atividade de
planejamento.<br>Third generation mobile communication systems bring the
promise of several and advanced communication services,
which implies in heterogeneous performance requirements and
consequent influence of diferent weighted loads over the
communication infra-structure aplyed. This work treats the
planning issue, given that there can be heterogeneous
simultaneous loads, evaluating factors relateds to this
loads and proposing a tool for its tatistical modeling,
which allows to choose apropriated cell rays in aid of
planning procedures.
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Zou, Elva Xin. "Sol-gel processed zinc oxide for third generation photovoltaics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.559838.
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This thesis presents an experimental study of the incorporation and optimization of sol-gel processed aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin films in solar cell devices. I first optimized the optoelectronic properties of AZO thin films by manipulating the dopant incorporation, choice of precursor chemicals and post deposition anneal treatments. Results showed that improved performance could be attributed to several factors, including improved charge carrier concentration, mobility and conductivity. AZO thin films with transmittance of over 90% and resistivity values of the order of 10-2 Ω•cm have been achieved. I also demonstrated the successful application of these AZO thin films in organic photovoltaics (OPV), to serve as an alternative to ITO electrodes. I demonstrated greater than 2-fold improvement in device efficiency through the modification of the front contact/polymer interface using zinc oxide buffer layers. This improved the charge selectivity of the electrodes and energy level alignment at the interface while reducing the recombination of separated charges and the device's series resistance. Finally, I showed that the efficiency of inverted ZnO/PbS quantum dots solar cells can be enhanced by optimizing the p-type PbS thickness, UV treating the n-type ZnO layer and exposing the devices in the dark to nitrogen. Both ZnO and AZO systems were studied, and efficiency enhancement were demonstrated for a range of Al content from 0 to O.4at.%.
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Gaskill, Dave. "Third-generation Advances in Thermal Printhead-based Chart Recorders." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614662.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 30-November 02, 1989 / Town & Country Hotel & Convention Center, San Diego, California<br>A brief recap of the effect thermal printhead technology has had on the common 8-channel strip chart recorder, followed by a summary of second and third generation products and their envolving capabilities. How these new instruments are being accepted and used by telemetrists and ground station managers who are faced with bigger tasks and shrinking budgets. A study of how today's telemetry professionals are shaping the 8-channel recorders of tomorrow, and the new capabilities they will bring.
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Schramm, Jonathan. "Analysis of Third Person Cameras in Current Generation Action Games." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för speldesign, teknik och lärande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1903.
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The purpose of this project was to research the virtual camera systems used in current generation third person action games and to see what could be improved upon. To do this, different camera shots were categorized into camera archetypes, which also include post process and lens effects used. Information about the games was acquired by either looking through the game’s settings or by observing gameplay. Finally the results were compared to each other as well as the film industry and several improvements regarding usage of different features and camera shots were suggested.
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Sakata, M., S. Aoyagi, T. Ogura, and E. Nishibori. "Advanced Structural Analyses by Third Generation Synchrotron Radiation Powder Diffraction." American Institite of Physics, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/12008.
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Lau, Buon Kiong. "Applications of Adaptive Antennas in Third-Generation Mobile Communications Systems." Curtin University of Technology, Australian Telecommunications Research Institute, 2002. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12983.
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Adaptive antenna systems (AAS's) are traditionally of interest only in radar and sonar applications. However, since the onset of the explosive growth in demand for wireless communications during the 1990's, researchers are giving increasing attention to the use of AAS technology to overcome practical challenges in providing the service. The main benefit of the technology lies in its ability to exploit the spatial domain, on top of the temporal and frequency domains, to improve on transceiver performance. This thesis presents a unified study on two classes of preprocessing techniques for uniform circular arrays (UCA's). UCA's are of interest because of their natural ability to provide a full azimuth (i.e. 360') coverage found in typical scenarios for sensor array applications, such as radar, sonar and wireless communications. The two classes of preprocessing techniques studied are the Davies transformation and the interpolated array transformations. These techniques yield a mathematically more convenient form - the Vandermonde form - for the array steering vector via a linear transformation. The Vandermonde form is useful for different applications such as direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation and optimum or minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamforming in correlated signal environment and beampattem synthesis. A novel interpolated array transformation is proposed to overcome limitations in the existing interpolated array transformations. A disadvantage of the two classes of preprocessing techniques for UCA's with omnidirectional elements is the lack of robustness in the transformed array steering vector to array imperfections under certain conditions. In order to mitigate the robustness problem, optimisation problems are formulated to modify the transformation matrices.<br>Suitable optimisation techniques are then applied to obtain more robust transformations. The improved transformations are shown to improve robustness but at the cost of larger transformation errors. The benefits of the robustification procedure are most apparent in DOA estimation. In addition to the algorithm level studies, the thesis also investigates the use of AAS technology with respect to two different third generation (3G) mobile communications systems: Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution (EDGE) and Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA). EDGE, or more generally GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN), is the evolution of the widely successful GSM system to provide 3G mobile services in the existing radio spectrum. It builds on the TDMA technology of GSM and relies on improved coding and higher order modulation schemes to provide packet-based services at high data rates. WCDMA, on the other hand, is based on CDMA technology and is specially designed and streamlined for 3G mobile services. For WCDMA, a single-user approach to DOA estimation which utilises the user spreading code and the pulse-shaped chip waveform is proposed. It is shown that the proposed approach produces promising performance improvements. The studies with EDGE are concerned with the evaluation of a simple AAS at the system and link levels.<br>Results from, the system and link level simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of AAS technology in the new mobile communications system. Finally, it is noted that the WCDMA and EDGE link level simulations employ the newly developed COST259 directional channel model, which is capable of producing accurate channel realisations of macrocell environments for the evaluation of AAS's.
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Falbo, Vincent. "English language & third generation programming language pedagogical practice analysis /." Online version of thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/7879.
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Heller, David [Verfasser]. "Structural variant calling using third-generation sequencing data / David Heller." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2021. http://d-nb.info/122534946X/34.
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Callens, Cedric Kofi Aurelien. "Third generation of reoxidant for osmium : extension and novel applications." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5be1ee62-70b1-4643-9707-87de0487278a.
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This thesis describes the development of new osmium-mediated methodologies providing novel applications through the use of a third generation of reoxidant for osmium. Chapter 1, The introduction: Summary of past and present methodologies towards the synthesis of the 1,2 amino alcohol motif. Chapter 2, Intramolecular processes: The studies of the tethered aminohydroxylation (TA) of amide and urea derivatives are being investigated. Chapter 3, Investigations towards an intermolecular process: The transposition of the TA methodology to an intermolecular process and the requirements involved are discussed. The role of acetamide is being investigated. Chapter 4, Successful transition to an intermolecular process: Amino acid derivatives became for the first time possible nitrogen sources and were efficiently employed through osmium-mediated reaction to afford interesting biological scaffolds. Chapter 5, Experimental: Full experimental procedures and characterisation of compounds are reported. References: A complete list of citations employed in the previous five chapters is provided. Appendix: Full documentation of X-ray crystal structures, key NMR spectra and HPLC traces is provided.
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Palsule, Sanjay. "Structure and properties of aerospace molecular composites : third generation polymers." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1388.
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Bly, Elizabeth Ann. "Generation X and the Invention of a Third Feminist Wave." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1259803398.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2010.<br>Title from PDF (viewed 2009-12-30). Department of History. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references and appendices. Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center.
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Gibson, Victoria. "Third generation CPTED? : rethinking the basis for crime prevention strategies." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2016. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/27318/.
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Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) is a concept which has developed over the past five decades through a range of fields. It is based on the premise that modifications to the built and natural environment can reduce both crime and fear, and improve the overall quality of life. CPTED relies on the cooperation of a variety of agencies; however, research has revealed important inherent difficulties regarding multi-agency working and that current practice is neither sustainable nor does it consider social characteristics which may impact upon crime and the effectiveness of CPTED initiatives. Criticisms of diverse factors relating to CPTED have been expressed but how robust such criticisms are and if suitable resolutions exist has not been explored. Using a mixed methods approach, this PhD seeks to improve and update the CPTED concept by addressing issues of communication and collaboration between CPTED stakeholders, and suggests robust ways of enhancing the social context within CPTED planning. The research answers the following fundamental questions: what are the underlying problems of the CPTED concept and how did they come to fruition; and can the approach to CPTED planning be re-examined and updated to reduce the inherent underlying difficulties and improve the transferability and practical application of CPTED initiatives. The research highlights language and definition inconsistencies in the CPTED framework, transferability and engagement issues between CPTED stakeholders and an unestablished but vital link between CPTED and social sustainability and context. The thesis delivers three major academic contributions to new knowledge. It firmly identifies failings in the CPTED concept since its inception to present; it proposes an updated framework which is theoretically driven, and represents a holistic catchment of all CPTED knowledge; and it makes a solid link between crime prevention and the sustainable development of communities highlighting its importance for context analysis.
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Harpel, Kaitlin Gillett. "Imaging of Targeted Lipid Microbubbles using Third Harmonic Generation Microscopy." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613375.
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The use of receptor-targeted lipid microbubbles imaged by ultrasound is an innovative method of detecting and localizing disease. However, since ultrasound requires a medium between the transducer and the object being imaged, it is impractical to apply to an exposed surface in a surgical setting where sterile fields need be maintained. Additionally, the application of an ultrasound gel to the imaging surface may cause the bubbles to collapse. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) is an emerging tool for accurate imaging of tissues and cells with high resolution and contrast. We have recently developed a novel method for detecting targeted microbubble adherence to the upregulated plectin-receptor on pancreatic tumor cells using MPM. Specifically, the third-harmonic generation response can be used to detect bound microbubbles to various cell types presenting MPM as an alternative and useful imaging method. This is an interesting technique that can potentially be translated as a diagnostic tool for the early detection of cancer and inflammatory disorders.
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Steinlechner, Jessica [Verfasser]. "Optical absorption measurements for third generation gravitational wave detectors / Jessica Steinlechner." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2013. http://d-nb.info/103667200X/34.
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Ciatto, Giovanni. "Third generation neural networks: formalization as timed automata, validation and learning." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12947/.
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Questa tesi mostra una formalizzazione delle reti neurali spiking ottenuta tramite automi temporizzati. Tali reti, a differenza di quelle di seconda generazione, tengono conto anche della dimensione temporale. Sono mostrate due codifiche, sincrona e asincrona, del modello "leaky integrate and fire": i neuroni sono modellati come automi temporizzati che attendono impulsi su dei canali di ingresso e aggiornano il potenziale in base agli input presenti e passati, modulati dai pesi delle rispettive sinapsi e tanto più influenti quanto più recenti. Se il potenziale supera una certa soglia, l'automa emette un segnale sul canale di uscita. Dopo ogni emissione i neuroni rimangono silenti per un periodo refrattario fissato per poi resettarsi. Nel modello asincrono gli input si assumono molto frequenti ma non possono essere contemporanei. In quello sincrono tutti gli impulsi ricevuti nello stesso periodo di accumulazione sono simultanei. Una rete neurale è ottenuta eseguendo in parallelo più automi che condividono canali opportunamente. Anche le sequenze in input sono specificate tramite automi temporizzati, detti generatori, ottenuti tramite un procedimento automatico, da un linguaggio che modella sequenze di spike e pause. Per il modello sincrono si verifica la capacità di riprodurre alcuni comportamenti noti in letteratura. Esso è poi sfruttato per trovare i pesi sinaptici che permettano ad una rete di riprodurre un comportamento dato, espresso tramite logica temporale. Ciò è ottenuto tramite un algoritmo che identifica gli errori commessi dai neuroni di output e applica delle azioni correttive sulle loro sinapsi in ingresso. Le informazioni sulle azioni correttive adeguate vengono poi propagate all'indietro verso gli altri neuroni della rete. Questo processo è ripetuto fino alla riproduzione del comportamento desiderato. Due gli approcci implementativi presentati: uno basato sulla simulazione e uno basato sul model-checking.
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Urban, Michael Urban Matthias. "Third harmonic generation of high power far infrared radiation in semiconductors /." Lausanne : CRPP, [Centre de recherches en physique des plasmas], Ecole polytechnique fédérale, 1996. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1492.
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Vamvaka, Evangelia. "Rice endosperm as a production platform for third-generation HIV microbicides." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285629.
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L’objectiu de la meva tesis doctoral és la producció en l’endosperma de l’arròs d’una tercera generació de microbicides contra el virus de la sida. Durant la meva recerca he utilitzat l’anticòs monoclonal 2G12 i dues proteïnes que neutralitzen el virus de la sida CV-N i GRFT, soles o en combinació, per a descobrir noves estratègies de producció. En la primera part he investigat si podia produir 2G12 a l’endosperma de l’arròs i quins eren els factors que influenciaven la seva producció. En la segona part de la meva tesis he introduït GRFT a l’endosperma de l’arròs i he analitzat si la proteïna expressada tenia activitat neutralitzant del virus de la SIDA. La expressió de GRFT en l’endosperma de l’arròs va ser comparable o inclús en algun cas més alta a GRFT expressada de forma transitòria en tabac. A la tercera part de la meva tesis he investigat si l’endosperma d’arròs seria una plataforma funcional per a la producció de CV-N i si aquesta proteïna tindria capacitat neutralitzant del virus de la sida. Finalment he utilitzat una combinació de microbicides 2G12, CV-N i GRFT per a introduir-les simultàniament a l’endosperma de l’arròs i identificar la millor combinació contra el virus de la sida, i si la co-expresió augmentava el seu efecte neutralitzant. Aquesta es la primera vegada que més d’una proteïna que neutralitzen el virus de la sida son produïdes de forma estable en l’endosperma d’un cereal, obrint un camí nou cap a la producció d’un còctel microbicida per a evitar la transmissió del virus de la sida.<br>El objetivo de mi tesis doctoral es la producción en el endospermo de arroz de una tercera generación de microbicidas contra el virus del SIDA. Durante mi trabajo de investigación utilicé el anticuerpo monoclonal 2G12 y dos proteínas que neutralizan el virus, CV-N y GRFT, solas o en combinación, para explorar diferentes estrategias de producción. En la primera parte de mi tesis investigué si podía producir 2G12 en el endospermo de arroz y cuáles eran los factores que afectaban a su producción. En la segunda parte de mi tesis, he introducido GRFT en el endospermo de arroz y he investigado si la proteína producida tenía actividad neutralizante del virus del SIDA. La expresión de GRFT en el endospermo del arroz fue comparable o incluso en algún caso más alta a GRFT producida de forma transitoria en tabaco. En la tercera parte de mi tesis he investigado si el endospermo de arroz sería una plataforma funcional para la producción de CV-N y si esta proteína sería capaz de neutralizar el virus del sida. La proteína Finalmente he utilizado una combinación de microbicidas 2G12, CV-N y GRFT para introducirlos simultáneamente en el endospermo de arroz e identificar la mejor combinación contra el virus del sida, y si la co-expresión potenciaba su efecto neutralizante. La combinación Esta es la primera vez que más de una proteína que neutraliza el virus del sida es producida de forma estable en el endospermo de un cereal, abriendo un nuevo camino hacia la producción de un cóctel microbicida para evitar la transmisión del virus del sida.<br>The focus of this thesis is the production of third-generation HIV microbicides in rice cells. I used one monoclonal antibody (2G12) and two anti-HIV proteins (CV-N and GRFT) alone or in combination, to explore different strategies to produce an efficient microbicide against HIV. The first part of my PhD thesis was to test whether rice endosperm can function as a platform for the production of 2G12 and to gain insight into the factors that affect the production and functional efficacy of neutralizing antibodies in plants. The human mAb2G12 was expressed successfully into rice endosperms as an aglycosylated form. In the second part of the thesis I introduced GRFT into rice endosperm and I tested whether the rice-derived GRFT protein retains its potent HIV-neutralizing activity. GRFT was successfully expressed in rice endosperm resulting in yields comparable or even higher to GRFT produced transiently in tobacco and other recombinant proteins. In the third part of my thesis I explored whether rice endosperm could function as a production platform to produce CV-N and I evaluated whether the rice-derived CV-N could neutralize efficiently the HIV virus. Finally I used a combinatorial approach introducing the 2G12, CV-N and GRFT into rice cells to identify the best combination against HIV, and whether their co-expression enhanced their effect. This is the first time that more than one protein against HIV is stable expressed into endosperm opening a new way for the production of a microbicide cocktail for the prevention of HIV transmission.
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Mandes, Alejandro Salvador. "Ministry to second, third and fourth generation Latinos in North America." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p001-1191.
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