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1
Kára, J., Z. Pastorek, J. Mazancová, and I. Hanzlíková. "New mixtures and technologies for biogas production at biogas plants of agricultural type processing livestock slurry." Research in Agricultural Engineering 55, No. 2 (June 17, 2009): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3/2009-rae.
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The basis of the biogas production in agriculture is the processing of waste agricultural products (particularly excrements of farm animals but also phytomass). Different but rather similar is the biogas production from biologically degradable municipal waste (BDMW) and biologically degradable industrial waste (BDIW) coming mainly from food industry. The processing of these wastes in agricultural biogas stations could significantly improve their economy. It is necessary to note that all these biogas stations differ from the wastewater cleaning plants where municipal sludge water from public sewers is processed. The municipal sludge water processing to biogas by anaerobic fermentation is a classical technology introduced all over the world. At present, about 100 wastewater cleaning plants operate in the Czech Republic using regular sludge processing into biogas. Electricity produced is utilised mainly for the needs of own operation of waste water treatment plant (WWTP), partly it is sold into public power net. The heat energy is used for heating in the process and its surplus is utilised for operational and administrative facilities. Usually, the heat and electricity quantities produced do not cover the wastewater cleaning plant operation. Agricultural biogas stations and biogas stations for BDMW processing provide considerably higher gas yields because they work with higher dry matter contents in substratum, i.e. 8–12% (compared with waste water treatment plants – 2–6%), and are able to produce high gas surpluses for following applications. Frequently discussed issue are the processing of slaughter waste and grass (or public green areas at biogas stations).
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Putri, Dewi Artanti, Roy R. Saputro, and B. Budiyono. "Biogas Production from Cow Manure." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 1, no. 2 (July 9, 2012): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.1.2.61-64.
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The production of biogas from livestock waste manure in particular is one of the alternative utilization of organic wastes that can be implemented in Indonesia since there is a huge potential of bio-energy in Indonesia. This study utilizes cow manure as the raw material for making biogas and it is coupled with a cow rumen fluid and water. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of manure, rumen, and water composition in biogas production. The research was conducted in anaerobic for 60 days. The composition of manure, water, and the rumen were vary following the variable and ratio; variable A (manure and water); variable B (manure and rumen). The results indicate that the variable A (manure and water) with a 1:3 ratio, and the variable B (manure and rumen) with a 1:2 ratio produced the highest volume of biogas compared to other ratios. The highest biogas production occurred on average at day 23.
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Nieto, P. P., D. Hidalgo, R. Irusta, and D. Kraut. "Biochemical methane potential (BMP) of agro-food wastes from the Cider Region (Spain)." Water Science and Technology 66, no. 9 (November 1, 2012): 1842–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.372.
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An inventory of agro-food industry organic waste streams with a high potential for biogas transformation was studied in a logistically viable area (Cider Region, Asturias, Spain). Three industries were selected as the most viable ones: livestock, dairy and beverage. The potential for methane production from six wastes (beverage waste, BW; milled apple waste, MA; milk waste, MK; yogurt waste, YG; fats and oils from dairy wastewater treatment, F&O and cattle manure, CM) at five different substrate:inoculum ratios (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.50) was evaluated in laboratory batch assays. Obtained methane yields ranged from 202–549 mL STP CH4·g VS waste−1, and the methane content in biogas ranged from 58–76%. The ultimate practical biochemical methane potentials were slightly affected by the substrate:inoculum ratio. The estimation of the regional fluxes of waste and methane potentials suggests anaerobic digestion as a sustainable solution for the valorization of the organic wastes generated in this Region.
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Stadnik, Mykola, Andrii Shtuts, and Oleksandr Pylypenko. "LEVEL OF ENERGY SUPPLY OF ANIMAL FARMS FROM USING BIOGAS." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 1(112) (March 23, 2021): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-1-12.
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Ukraine has untapped potential for the production of own energy from renewable sources - processing of livestock waste (animal manure and bird droppings) with the formation of biogas, which can then be used to produce electricity, heat or fuel - analogues of natural gas (methane) (in particular, for own needs of farms). Currently in Ukraine, the generation of large amounts of waste on industrial farms is an environmental problem that needs to be addressed. Recycling livestock waste to generate biogas will partially solve environmental problems, as well as benefit from decentralized renewable energy production or fuel production. The role of renewable energy sources in energy production is constantly growing and now the issue of increasing the share of renewable sources in the energy balance of each country is relevant. In the supply of primary energy, the share of renewable energy accounts for 13% worldwide. Of these, biomass accounts for 10%, or 258 million tons per year, ie in the world biomass provides the largest share of energy supply from renewable sources. Domestic agricultural enterprises are significant consumers of fuel and energy resources, so they face the objective need to use alternative energy sources, including biofuels and the introduction of innovative energy-saving technologies. Biogas production is an efficient and attractive investment technology, due to the presence of significant raw material potential, favorable climatic and other. However, the level of introduction of this type of energy in the agro-industrial complex is insufficient, which is due to a number of issues, including insufficient level of practical recommendations for choosing power generators, their number, modes of operation taking into account daily energy consumption schedule, load and optimal efficiency. installations while providing autonomous power supply of the enterprise. This paper determines the level of energy supply of livestock farms through the use of biogas plants as a source of energy used for livestock waste.
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Manganelli, Benedetto. "Economic Feasibility of a Biogas Cogeneration Plant Fueled with Biogas from Animal Waste." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.451.
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For some time now, the development of systems for electricity production based on the exploitation of renewable energy sources has begun to progress. Biogas is one of these energy sources. Thanks to the new regulations in the field of self-production of energy, the recognition of the environmental value of electricity from renewable sources and a proven technology is now possible to produce, through the process of anaerobic digestion, biogas for cogeneration of heat and electricity at favorable conditions. This study highlights the economic advantages resulting from the implementation of biogas cogeneration plant fueled with biogas from buffalos waste and other waste material resulting from the same production chain, in an area of Campania (Italy) with an intense livestock activity.
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Khan, Muhammad U., Muhammad Ahmad, Muhammad Sultan, Ihsanullah Sohoo, Prakash C. Ghimire, Azlan Zahid, Abid Sarwar, et al. "Biogas Production Potential from Livestock Manure in Pakistan." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 15, 2021): 6751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126751.
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Pakistan is facing a severe energy crisis due to its heavy dependency on the import of costly fossil fuels, which ultimately leads to expansive electricity generation, a low power supply, and interruptive load shedding. In this regard, the utilization of available renewable energy resources within the country for production of electricity can lessen this energy crisis. Livestock waste/manure is considered the most renewable and abundant material for biogas generation. Pakistan is primarily an agricultural country, and livestock is widely kept by the farming community, in order to meet their needs. According to the 2016–2018 data on the livestock population, poultry held the largest share at 45.8%, followed by buffaloes (20.6%), cattle (12.7%), goats (10.8%), sheep (8.4%), asses (1.3%), camels (0.25%), horses (0.1%), and mules (0.05%). Different animals produce different amounts of manure, based upon their size, weight, age, feed, and type. The most manure is produced by cattle (10–20 kg/day), while poultry produce the least (0.08–0.1 kg/day). Large quantities of livestock manure are produced from each province of Pakistan; Punjab province was the highest contributor (51%) of livestock manure in 2018. The potential livestock manure production in Pakistan was 417.3 million tons (Mt) in 2018, from which 26,871.35 million m3 of biogas could be generated—with a production potential of 492.6 petajoules (PJ) of heat energy and 5521.5 MW of electricity. Due to its favorable conditions for biodigester technologies, and through the appropriate development of anaerobic digestion, the currently prevailing energy crises in Pakistan could be eliminated.
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Ramirez, Jerome, Bernadette McCabe, Paul D. Jensen, Robert Speight, Mark Harrison, Lisa van den Berg, and Ian O'Hara. "Wastes to profit: a circular economy approach to value-addition in livestock industries." Animal Production Science 61, no. 6 (2021): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an20400.
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The livestock sector is a fundamental part of the modern global economy and provides food, clothing, furnishings, and various other products. So as to ensure its resilience to changes in consumer expectations, cost of production, and environmental sustainability, the sector must shift to a circular economy model. Current strategies to recover value from wastes and low-value co-products from livestock industries yield limited value; hence, new technologies are required to upgrade wastes and co-products, and generate high-value products that can feed into the livestock value chain. Anaerobic digestion can convert high organic-content waste to biogas for energy and a stable nutrient-rich digestate that can be used as fertiliser. Microbial technologies can transform wastes to produce nutritionally advanced feeds. New materials from waste can also be produced for livestock industry-specific applications. While aiming to add commercial value, the successful implementation of these technologies will also address the environmental and productivity issues that are increasingly valued by producers and consumers.
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Mantuano, Janner Leonel Santos, Manuel Enrique Vergara Macías, Erik Sebastian Sanchez Toapanta, Klever Steven Tubay Palma, and María Fernanda Vivas Giraldo. "Obtaining biogas product from biological residues vaccines in Chone city." International journal of physical sciences and engineering 4, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29332/ijpse.v4n1.416.
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In this research, we studied the use of cattle biological waste to obtain biogas through a biodigester in the city of Chone, considered the livestock capital of Ecuador. Biogas is a mixed gas produced by the fermentation (anaerobic digestion) of organic materials in the absence of oxygen. It is mostly composed of methane and carbon dioxide. The biogas production process takes place in a container called a digester, in which the anaerobic fermentation process occurs. Obtaining biogas is one of the most used alternative sources for the production of renewable energy, so it can be evidenced by its importance as a tool against the fight of the environmental problem that exists today. The use of biogas of bovine origin has a high calorific value so it can be used for the production of heat, electricity or biofuel. This initiative seeks to manage and sustainably reduce organic waste, reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emitted into the atmosphere and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
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Emawati, Shanti, Endang Tri Rahayu, Suwarto Suwarto, and Sudiyono Sudiyono. "Pemberdayaan Peternak dalam Teknologi Produksi Pupuk Organik dan Biogas di Desa Gedong dan Desa Gemawang Kecamatan Ngadirojo, Kabupaten Wonogiri." AgriHealth: Journal of Agri-food, Nutrition and Public Health 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/agrihealth.v1i1.40449.
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Ngadirojo District was one of the centers of beef cattle business development in Wonogiri Regency. But the business done by farmers has not yet produced an optimal income. The purpose of this service activity was to empower farmers by increasing farmers' knowledge through the application of organic fertilizer-based fertilizer production technologies for beef cattle manure and biogas waste so as to increase the income of farmers. The method of this community service activity was through FGD (Focus Group Discussion), counseling, training and demonstration plots on technology for organic fertilizer and biogas production. The result of this activity was an increase in knowledge of farmers after attending counseling and training on organic fertilizer and biogas production technology. Farmers in Gemawang and Gedong Ngadirojo villages have benefited from the construction of biogas installations and the processing of livestock waste into organic fertilizer. The conclusion of this activity was the effort of empowerment through counseling activities and training on processing livestock waste into organic fertilizer and biogas showing success and running effectively as seen from the increasing knowledge of respondents after participating in counseling and training activities.
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Basri, Abdul Khasman, Kadirman Kadirman, and Jamaluddin Jamaluddin. "RANCANG BANGUN REAKTOR BIOGAS SKALA RUMAH TANGGA." Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Pertanian 5, no. 1 (February 10, 2019): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/jptp.v5i1.8198.
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Inadequate disposal of livestock manure has caused environmental pollution around the village, both water, soil and air (smell). Animal waste in the form of liquid is deliberately flowed into the river while solid waste is left piled up around the cage. The occurrence of odor and pollution is sometimes triggered social conflict, with complaints from local communities. With a population of 35 head of cattle for a farmer group, assuming the average per cow yields 15 kg of solid waste, the waste produced can reach approximately 525 kg per day. The lack of knowledge and the low educational background of the cattle ranchers in the Arabica Village makes the awareness of the environment to be lacking, as well as the technology of processing animal waste and the benefits. Biogas Reaktors of animal waste, although they have heard but lack of knowledge of how to make biogas installations and the assumption that the budget is spent to build the technology makes them prefer to allocate these funds to other things in order for the survival of livestock business can be sustainable. By looking at the existing potential, of course, if managed properly, Arabica Village can become an energy independent village and is a new business opportunity, for biogas products and residues from the installation of biogas in the form of organic fertilizer.
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Voicu, Gheorghe, Mirela Dincă, Gigel Paraschiv, and Georgiana Moiceanu. "A Review Regarding the Biogas Production through Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Waste." Advanced Engineering Forum 13 (June 2015): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.13.185.
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Globally, the pollution prevention goals transposed in the Kyoto Protocol, require sustainable solutions regarding the management of organic waste from both agricultural, and livestock farms. Biogas production by anaerobic digestion of organic wastes and residues provides a range of socio-economic benefits, but also environmental, thus contributing to monitoring the complex relationship between human health and the environment. The European Union policies regarding renewable energy systems (Europe 2020 Strategy – A strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth and Green Paper „Towards a European strategy for the security of energy supply“), highlights that the production of renewable energy, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and a sustainable waste management, are essential for sustainable development in the future. In this context, this paper will review aspects of biogas production by anaerobic digestion of organic waste, stages of anaerobic digestion process and concepts of biogas plants used in European countries.
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Arifan, Fahmi, Abdullah Abdullah, and Siswo Sumardiono. "Effectiveness Analysis of Anaerobic Digestion Method in Making Biogas from Animal Manure and Tofu Liquid Waste." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Ternak 16, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jitek.2021.016.02.2.
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Organic waste has high COD and BOD content, so it is dangerous if disposed of directly into the environment. Organic waste processing, such as waste from livestock manure and liquid tofu waste, requires a process that can reduce COD and BOD levels as well as produce valuable products. Anaerobic digestion method is the proper process to convert complex compounds in waste into simpler compounds with methanogenic bacteria into a renewable energy product, namely biogas. On the other hand, the anaerobic digestion process can reduce COD and BOD levels in the biogas formation process. This study uses raw materials such as cow manure and chicken manure, and liquid tofu waste. The variables that produced the largest biogas were those with a ratio of 70% cow dung, 15% chicken manure, and 15% tofu liquid waste with a total of 3,251.5 mL. Then, the COD and BOD levels decreased significantly with more than 98% COD removal, and more than 95% BOD removal in all variables at the end of the anaerobic digestion process.
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Soyer, Gürel, and Ersel Yilmaz. "Waste Management in Dairy Cattle Farms in Aydın Region. Potential of Energy Application." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (February 21, 2020): 1614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041614.
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In this paper, the dairy cattle waste management systems on farms in Aydın region in Turkey were investigated. Number of farms and livestock herd size, type of barn, type of machinery and farm labour force were studied. The collection, management and storage systems of manure produced in dairy cattle farms were taken into consideration. Additionally, biogas amount, which is produced from animal waste, was calculated for all districts of Aydın by using the number of livestock animals and various criteria such as the rate of dry matter. Results show that the typical and representative farm in the Aydın region is facility with a total head over 100 heads. 89.6% of the farms have heads in the range of 100 to 200. The amount of biogas that can be produced from all manure collected in Aydın region in the biogas plants is approximately 160,438 m3/day (based on 0.5 m3/day biogas per cattle), which would produce around 100 GWh/year that can be used for own needs of farms owners.
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Stadnik, Mykola, Iryna Gunko, and Dmytro Protsenko. "INDEPENDENT ELECTRICITY SUPPLY TO LIVESTOCK FARMS BASED ON RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 1(108) (August 27, 2020): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2020-1-15.
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The paper analyzes the energy potential of autonomous power supply based on renewable energy sources in a livestock farm. Based on calculations of the amount of farm waste that act as raw materials for a biogas power plant, the amount of electricity that can be produced from biogas has been determined. The value of electricity generation was also determined when a biogas plant and solar panels are used together in order to fully cover the need for electricity. It has been established that the use of renewable energy sources for autonomous power supply has significant potential for growth, in particular, the generation of electricity by a biogas power plant is calculated according to the minimum indicators for a cattle farm, provides 57% of the required electricity, in addition, there is also thermal energy, which is used for heating farms. The combined operation of the biogas plant and solar panels installed on the roof of the farm allows to cover the need for electricity with a reduction factor of 2.6 solar panels generation. The use of biogas obtained from the waste of a cattle farm and together with solar panels makes it possible to cover the need for electricity with a significant reserve. For a typical farm of 100 cattle, this stock is about 80%. The use of which is possible with the use of energy storage devices and the formation of a biogas reserve. It has been established that the electrical power of a biogas plant, which works in conjunction with solar panels, should be at least the average value of the power consumption to provide autonomous power supply to consumers of the livestock farm, especially in the winter months when solar insolation is minimal.
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Iwaszczuk, Natalia, Marta Szyba, Aleksander Iwaszczuk, and Valentyna Yakubiv. "Production of agricultural biogas from waste – an element of socially responsible actions in the food sector." Acta Innovations, no. 33 (October 1, 2019): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32933/actainnovations.33.5.
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The agricultural and food sector accounts for substantial volumes of organic waste (such as livestock excreta, meat offals) considered as onerous on the environment. The above decomposes formulating methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide in anaerobic conditions. Methane produced in digester chambers of a biomass plant (called biogas) may be applied for the production of electricity and heat, powering of vehicles as well as injections into gas networks. Biogas is one of the renewable sources of energy. In the light of the EU's sustainable development and climate neutrality policies, increasing the share of renewable sources in overall energy consumption is a priority for the Member States. For this reason, the article examines one of the renewable energy sectors in Poland, which is agricultural biogas production. The main attention was focused on agricultural biogas plants. Most often used substrates for biogas production, the dependence of biogas plant location on the population living in particular regions (voivodships) and the development of agriculture in their territories were analysed. The main purpose of the article was to indicate the reasons for the failure of the agricultural biogas plant construction program in Poland. Literature and document analysis were performed, interviews with waste producers as well as owners of agricultural biogas plants were carried out, and SWOT analysis was prepared.
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Puspito Aji, Kurniawan, and Azis Nur Bambang. "Study of The Use of Biogas Into Electrical Energy by The Farmer Group Dulur Ganjar, Langse Village, Margorejo District, Pati Regency, Central Java." E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020): 06030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020206030.
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Processing of agricultural and livestock waste produces biogas which is then used by the community to substitute natural gas energy and substitute electricity for clean water supply and produce organic fertilizer for farming purposes. This research was conducted using descriptive methods, by describing how to treat agricultural and livestock waste. Then a quantitative approach is used which aims to describe or explain the conversion of biogas energy into electrical energy. Biogas has good prospects as an alternative energy substitute for non-renewable energy in Indonesia which is experiencing an energy crisis which is characterized by increasingly scarce and high fuel prices which have an impact on the higher costs of generating electricity. In the Ganjar Farmers-Farm Group, the use of biogas by using goat / sheep dung is very potential, from 300 goats / sheep has the potential to produce electrical energy of 32.4 kWh / day. Most of the power plants that supply the Pati Regency region still use energy sources made from non-renewable energy materials. The depletion of fuel for these non-renewable plants, power plants with renewable fuels are absolutely necessary.
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Pratama, Atmadian, Ramayanty Bulan, and Darwin Darwin. "Produksi Biogas Berbahan Dasar Manure Sapi dan Campuran Cacahan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis) dengan Metode Anaerobic Digestion." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 5, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v5i2.14766.
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Abstrak. Pemanfaatan limbah peternakan sapi (kotoran sapi) sebagai sumber bahan bakar dalam bentuk biogas merupakan salah satu alternatif yang sangat tepat untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah bagi masyarakat petani. Pemanfaatan kotoran ternak sebagai sumber energi, tidak mengurangi jumlah pupuk organik yang bersumber dari kotoran ternak. Hal ini karena pada pembuatan biogas kotoran ternak yang sudah diproses dikembalikan ke kondisi semula yang diambil hanya gas metana (CH4) yang digunakan sebagai bahan bakar. Kotoran ternak yang sudah diproses pada pembuatan biogas dipindahkan ke tempat lebih kering, dan bila sudah kering dapat disimpan dalam karung untuk penggunaan selanjutnya sebagai pupuk organik. Tandan kosong sawit (TKS) merupakan limbah dari pabrik kelapa sawit yang pemanfaatnya masih terbatas sebagai pupuk organik yang memiliki nilai tambah yang rendah. Setiap produksi kelapa sawit menghasilkan limbah berupa tandan kosong sawit sebesar 23%, sehingga berdasarkan produksi kelapa sawit tahun 2010 dan 2011 berpotensi dihasilkan limbah tandan kosong sawit sebesar 5 juta ton. Akumulasi limbah TKS dari tahun ke tahun jika tidak dimanfaatkan secara optimal maka dapat berakibat buruk bagi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat potensi produksi biogas melalui teknologi anaerobik digesi (anaerobic digestion) kotoran sapi dan anaerobik co-digesi kotoran sapi dengan limbah TKS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada proses fermentasi dengan hydraulic retention time (HRT) 25 hari dan pemberian suhu panas yang sama terdapat hasil yang berbeda terhadap produksi biogas kotoran sapi digesi dan juga kotoran sapi co-digesi dengan tepung TKS dengan hasil produksi biogas total lebih tinggi pada fermentasi co-digesi, dimana produksi gas yang dihasilkan adalah 1.015 mL pada kotoran sapi digesi dan 13.830 mL pada kotoran sapi co-digesi. Penambahan tepung TKS meningkatkan nutrisi substrat yang dimanfaatkan mikroba untuk menghasilkan gas metan, namun tetap memperhatikan tingkat ke optimuman derajat keasaman (pH) pada angka 6,8-7,5.Production of Biogas from Cattle Manure Digestion and Co-Digestion with Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch under Digestive Anaerobic MethodAbstract. Utilization of livestock waste (manure) as biogas is one of the most appropriate alternatives to overcome the rising prices of fertilizers and fuel oil scarcity. The use of livestock manure as an energy source, does not reduce the amount of organic fertilizer that comes from livestock manure. This is because in the production of biogas manure that has been processed is returned to its original condition, only methane (CH4) is used as fuel. Livestock manure that has been processed in the making of biogas is moved to a drier place, and when it is dry it can be stored in a sack for further use as fertilizer. Oil palm empty fruit bunches (TKS) are waste from palm oil mills is still limited use as organic fertilizer and has low added value. Each palm oil production produces waste in the form of 23% oil palm empty fruit bunches, so that according to the palm production on 2010 and 2011, the potential production of this waste could reach 5 million tons. The accumulation of this waste from year to year will harm our environment. This study aims to look at the potential for biogas production from cow manure digestion and co-digestion with palm oil fruit bunch waste under the anaerobic process. Results showed that for 25 days hydraulic retention time (HRT) and the use of mesophilic temperature, the biogas production by using anaerobic co-digestion of cow manure with TKS (13,830 mL) was higher than the biogas production by using the anaerobic digestion of cow manure (1,015 mL). The addition of TKS flour had increased the nutrient of substrate used by microbes to produce methane gas, but the acidity (pH)of substrate should be controlled at 6.8-7.5.
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Tsai, Wen-Tien. "Regulatory Promotion and Benefit Analysis of Biogas-Power and Biogas-Digestate from Anaerobic Digestion in Taiwan’s Livestock Industry." Fermentation 4, no. 3 (July 24, 2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation4030057.
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The objectives of this paper were to summarize the status of the livestock (pig and cattle) industry and its waste management in Taiwan. The Water Pollution Control Act authorized the reuse of liquor and digestate from anaerobic digestion (AD) as fertilizers for agricultural lands on 24 November 2015. A large number of official databases and literature have been surveyed and analyzed to address the characterization of the biogas (AD-based) digestate and the potential benefits of biogas-to-power in Taiwan. On the promulgation of the Act, the central ministries have jointly managed the applications of livestock farms for reusing the AD-based liquor and digestate as fertilizers for farmlands. The survey findings revealed that the biogas digestate from a pig farm in Taiwan contained significant amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and other soil nutrients such as calcium and magnesium. However, it is necessary to control zinc present in the biogas digestate from pig-raising farms. A preliminary analysis based on 123 large-scale pig farms with a total of 1,223,674 heads showed the annual benefits of methane reduction of 6.1 Gg, electricity generation of 3.7 × 107 kW-h, equivalent electricity charge saving of 4.0 × 106 US$, and equivalent carbon dioxide mitigation of 152.5 thousand tons (Gg). Obviously, the integration of AD and biogas-to-power for treating animal manure is a win-win option for livestock farms to gain environmental, energy, and economic benefits.
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Adiani, Kadek Mila, Ida Bagus Putu Gunadnya, and Yohanes Setiyo. "Pengaruh Penambahan Urea pada Mediad dan Pemanasan terhadap Produksi Biogas." Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) 8, no. 1 (August 25, 2019): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jbeta.2020.v08.i01.p11.
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Biogas is one of the energy sources originating from livestock waste, besides being environmentally friendly (renewable energy), it can also be used for sustainable energy. Biogas is a mixture of gases resulting from an anaerobic fermentation process from livestock manure (cow). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding various urea concentrations and heating in deep biogas production. This study applied a completely randomized design (RAL) with two treatment factors: heating (heating and without heating) and urea concentration (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%). Observations carried out in the form of measuring the temperature of biogas media, gas volume, CO2, the volume of methane gas, and the time of biogas formation. Variant analysis showed that the heating interaction and urea concentration showed a significant effect (P <0.05) on the measurement of biogas media temperature, gas volume, CO2, methane volume, and biogas formation time. The results showed that the combination of heating treatment with 8% urea concentration was the best treatment in producing biogas with the characteristics of gas volume of 16.67 ml, CO2 content of 0.08%, methane volume of 15.49 ml, with the time of biogas formation which is on the day 10.
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Sarkar, SK, and MK Uddin. "Community based waste management and its utilization for sustainable environment." Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 42, no. 2 (December 31, 2013): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v42i2.18506.
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The goal of this study of community based waste management and utilization was to reduce the major negative impact of environment and health hazards created by improperly managed waste mainly focusing on livestock production system of Bangladesh. The waste amounted 4,78,220 kg annually managed by the community contribute to significant role regarding human and livestock health, sanitation, economic as well as environmental aspects. In terms of economic, the Chadkarim community could earn net benefit of Tk. 2,70,146 in 2012 by selling waste by-products, major earnings come from 95,644 kg of organic fertilizer producing amounting Tk. 1,37,546 The global environmental perspective is to reduce livestock-induced, land-based pollution and environmental degradation. One of the major costs of running an agricultural farm can include buying nitrogen in the form of anhydrous ammonia to fertilize crops. But there are other agricultural costs associated with nitrogen, especially when the nitrogen in livestock waste produces pungent and potentially harmful ammonia emissions. To get expected production and to trap optimum socio-economic benefit from livestock rearing, waste must be managed in proper ways through a community based biogas producing approach of waste management to have sustainable environment. During one year community managed 4,78,220 kg degradable waste and produced about 17,216 m3 of biogas and utilized that gas for cooking and electricity generation. The notable benefits come from womens saved time and money. The 200 households at the community in one year have saved 15,881 working days through reduced time required for managing of fuel and cooking purposes. Most of the saved time is being utilized for household tasks and for education of the children. This is one of the greatest contribution to the nation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v42i2.18506 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2013. 42 (2): 165-173
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Kemausuor, Francis, Muyiwa Adaramola, and John Morken. "A Review of Commercial Biogas Systems and Lessons for Africa." Energies 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2018): 2984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11112984.
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Many African countries have vast biomass resources that could serve as feedstock for methane production through the adoption of commercial biogas plants. However, due to many inhibiting factors, these resources are under-utilised. This article reviews commercial biogas systems that treat organic waste from municipalities, large livestock farms, large plantations/crop farms, food/beverage production facilities, and other industries, to identify essential lessons which African countries could use to develop/disseminate such biogas systems. The review identified the critical barriers to commercial biogas development to be high initial capital costs, weak environmental policies, poor institutional framework, poor infrastructure and a general lack of willpower to implement renewable energy policies and set challenging targets. In African countries where feed-in-tariffs, quota obligations and competitive bidding programmes have been instituted, implementation has been poor, and most state-owned utilities have been unsupportive. Using knowledge from more experienced countries such as Germany and China, some key lessons have were identified. Among the key lessons is the need to institute and enforce environmental management policies to ensure that waste from medium and large livestock farms and industries are not disposed of indiscriminately, a tool China has recently used to promote commercial biogas plants to a high degree of success.
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Pham-Duc, Phuc, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Toan Luu-Quoc, Meghan A. Cook, Phuong Trinh-Thi-Minh, Dave Payne, Trang Dao-Thu, Delia Grace, and Sinh Dang-Xuan. "Understanding Antibiotic Residues and Pathogens Flow in Wastewater from Smallholder Pig Farms to Agriculture Field in Ha Nam Province, Vietnam." Environmental Health Insights 14 (January 2020): 117863022094320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178630220943206.
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Background: Contact with livestock wastewater on farms and in communities can pose a risk to human and animal health. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 180 households and 24 pig farms (96 wastewater samples) to explore information about pig production, livestock waste management, antibiotic use, and to analyze antibiotic residues and microbial contamination, respectively. Results: Of the 120 households raising pigs, biogas systems were the most commonly used to treat animal waste (70%), followed by compositing (19%), and the remaining respondents discharged waste directly into drains or ponds (11%). The majority of respondents (78%) used antibiotics to treat and prevent disease in pigs, but 32% of them did not know of any disadvantages of antibiotic abuse. ELISA assays were performed on half of the wastewater samples (n = 48), demonstrating that residues of flouroquinolones and sulfonamides were present in 6.3% (3/48) and 22.9% (11/48) of tested samples, respectively. The average residual level of sulfamethazine was 27.8 ug/l. Further, E. coli concentrations exceeding regulatory levels in Vietnam were found in nearly all samples. Salmonella spp. was also found in 57.3% of samples, though prevalence rates varied across the different sites. Finally, G. lamblia was found in 8.4% of samples, and C. parvum was found in 5.2% of samples. Conclusions: This study suggests that livestock wastewater carried potential harmful pathogens and antibiotic residues that could come into contact with humans in the community. Thus, appropriate operation and application of livestock wastewater treatment (such as biogas or composting) and management should be a continued focused.
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Akari, Maiko, and Yoshitaka Uchida. "Survival Rates of Microbial Communities from Livestock Waste to Soils: A Comparison between Compost and Digestate." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2021 (January 29, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6645203.
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Livestock waste-based products, such as composted manure, are often used in crop production systems. The products’ microbial characteristics differ depending on animal waste treatment methods used (e.g., biogas production/composting). The question remains whether different livestock waste-based products differently impact soil microbiota. A pot experiment with five treatments (control, chemical fertilizer, digestate + chemical fertilizer, wheat straw compost + chemical fertilizer, and woodchip compost + chemical fertilizer) was conducted to compare the survival rates of microbial communities from digestate and composted manure, after their application to agricultural soil. Potatoes were planted in each pot. The changes in soil pH, the concentration of ammonium and nitrate, and the microbial community properties were monitored after 1, 6, 10, and 14 weeks of the application of livestock waste-based products. The application of composted manure, especially woodchip compost, showed a relatively more extensive impact on the soil microbial community structure than the other treatments. Woodchip compost contained a relatively more abundant and diverse bacterial community than digestate, and its family-level bacterial community structure was similar to that of the soil. These characteristics might determine the extent of the impact of livestock waste-based products on soil microbial communities. Digestate markedly influenced the inorganic nitrogen concentrations in soils but did not affect the soil microbial community. In conclusion, the survival rate of microbes of livestock waste-based products varies depending on the product type. Further investigation is needed to fully understand their impact on soils’ microbial functions.
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Susanto, Herry, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi, Didik Sugiyanto, Syukri Muhammad Nur, Erkata Yandri, Herianto Herianto, Yahya Jani, et al. "Development of the Biogas-Energized Livestock Feed Making Machine for Breeders." E3S Web of Conferences 188 (2020): 00010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018800010.
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The need for beef in Indonesia continues to increase. In 2020, it will require imports of 300 thousand t of meat or the equivalent of 1.7 × 106 cattle a year. To overcome the problem, the biogas-energized livestock feed making machine (copper) was designed. The advantage of this copper is the process of making the livestock feed can efficient and effective. Results of the calculations, known that with increasing miller rotation output, the resulting capacity shows an increase. Also, it can use drive motors that are available on the market with a power capacity of 50 W. Hence; this machine is very efficient in the use of electricity, high economic value, convenient and easy move to other places. Electricity for the engine is designed with renewable energy, namely biogas from co-digestion substrates namely animal feed waste, kitchen waste, cow dung and excreta disposal from septic tanks. This co-generation is expected to improve the life of the breeders
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Tamburini, Elena, Mattias Gaglio, Giuseppe Castaldelli, and Elisa Anna Fano. "Biogas from Agri-Food and Agricultural Waste Can Appreciate Agro-Ecosystem Services: The Case Study of Emilia Romagna Region." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 12, 2020): 8392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208392.
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Agro-ecosystems are intensively exploited environments which are both providers and consumers of ecosystem services. The improvement of both provisioning and regulating services in cultivated landscapes is crucial for the sustainable development of rural areas. Among the provisioning services offered, producing biogas from the anaerobic digestion of residual biomass is nowadays a promising option for decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, while avoiding the land use conflicts related to the use of dedicated crops. Based on the available quantitative data at a regional level, provisioning and regulating services provided by the use of agri-food waste, livestock waste and agricultural residues were assessed for the case of Emilia Romagna region, the second biggest biogas producer in Italy. One provisioning service, i.e., bioenergy generation, and three regulating services were considered: (i) air quality improvement by the reduction of odors derived from direct use of waste, (ii) regulation of soil nutrients by reducing organic load and digestate spreading, and (iii) global climate regulation by saving GHG emissions. A potential further generation of 52.7 MW electric power was estimated at the regional level. Digestate spreading on fields may reduce odor impact by more than 90%, while containing a higher percentage of inorganic nitrogen, which is readily available to plants. The estimated GHG emission savings were equal to 2,862,533 Mg CO2eq/yr, mainly due to avoided landfilling for agri-waste and avoided replacing of mineral fertilizers for livestock waste and agricultural residues. The results suggest that bioenergy generation from lignocellulosic, livestock and agro-industrial residues may improve some regulating services in agro-ecosystems, while helping to reach renewable energy targets, thus contributing to overcoming the provisioning vs. regulating services paradigm in human-managed ecosystems.
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Saidmamatov, Olimjon, Inna Rudenko, Urs Baier, and Elbek Khodjaniyazov. "Challenges and Solutions for Biogas Production from Agriculture Waste in the Aral Sea Basin." Processes 9, no. 2 (January 21, 2021): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9020199.
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Energy plays an essential role in the modern society and can serve as one of the vital parameters of socio-economic development. Despite developments in technology, over three billion persons living in rural parts of the low- and middle-income countries continue to cover their energy needs for cooking through traditional ways by burning biomass resources. This paper as a case study focuses on the Aral Sea region of Uzbekistan, possessing a well-developed agricultural production with high livestock numbers and intensive crop production. The manure of the livestock farms is not used efficiently and the energy supply of the farms depends primarily on centrally produced gas and electricity. Some areas are not yet connected to the gas grid. Agriculture causes huge environmental damages in its current form. The benefit of biogas production would therefore be fivefold: (1) local energy source, (2) mitigation of environmental impacts, (3) reducing CH4-emissions, (4) producing organic fertilizer as a side product and (5) additional earnings for farmers.
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Mulyatun, Mulyatun. "Sumber Energi Terbarukan dan Pupuk Organik dari Limbah Kotoran Sapi." Dimas: Jurnal Pemikiran Agama untuk Pemberdayaan 16, no. 1 (July 18, 2016): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/dms.2016.161.898.
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<p>In order to meet households energy needs, one of the groundbreaking efforts that needs to be done is to implement appropriate technology training in utilization of cow manure waste by recycling it into biogas and organic fertilizer. Animal husbandry in Bambankerep Sub-District of Ngaliyan, Semarang City, are sufficiently developed, however, the use of livestock manure has not been optimal, whereas livestock manure can be used as raw material to produce renewable energy in the form of biogas and organic fertilizer. Furthermore, Limited knowledge and skills of the people in Bambankerep sub-district in the utilization of cow manure waste by recycling it into biogas and organic fertilizer have become the main problem. Steps performed in Community service programs are as follow (1) Socialization of recycling livestock waste into a blessing; (2) training, (3) Monitoring and outreaching. The impact generated from this community service programs, among others are: (1) raising public awareness in the utilization of cow manure waste for biogas alternative energy, (2) increasing knowledge and skills of people in processing cow manure into energy and fertilizer, (3) growing number of business groups in cow manure organic fertilizer processing that are expected can improve the welfare of the people in Bambankerep sub-district, Mijen, Semarang City.</p><p> </p><p>Dalam rangka pemenuhan keperluan energi rumah tangga, salah satu upaya terobosan yang perlu dilakukan adalah melaksanakan pelatihan teknologi tepat guna pemanfaatan limbah kotoran sapi menjadi biogas dan pupuk organik. Usaha peternakan di Kelurahan Bambankerep, Ngaliyan Semarang cukup berkembang, tapi pemanfaatan kotoran ternak selama ini belum optimal, padahal kotoran ternak dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku untuk menghasilkan energi terbarukan dalam bentuk biogas dan pupuk organik. Keterbatasannya pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang dimiliki masyarakat di Kelurahan Bambankerep mengolah limbah kotoran sapai menjadi biogas dan pupuk organik menjadi permasalahn utama. Tahapan program pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan adalah: (1) Sosialisai pemanfaatan limbah kotoran hewan menjadi berkah; (2) pelatihan; (3) Monitoring dan Pendampingan. Dampak yang dihasilkan dari program pengabdian masyarakat ini antara lain: (1) meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan limbah kotoran sapi untuk energi alternatif biogas, (2) meningkatnya pengetahuan dan ketrampilan masyarakat bidang pengolahan kotoran sapi menjadi energi dan pupuk, (3) tumbuhnya kelompok usaha pengolahan pupuk organik dari kotoran sapi sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat Kelurahan Bambankerep Ngaliyan Semarang.</p>
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Tolera, Sina Temsgen, and Fekade Ketema Alemu. "Potential of Abattoir Waste for Bioenergy as Sustainable Management, Eastern Ethiopia, 2019." Journal of Energy 2020 (February 1, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6761328.
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Our environment is facing serious problems of high volumes of waste generation and inadequate disposal system in worldwide particularly in developing countries. There is also lack of studies on quantification of abattoir waste and lack of workers awareness towards abattoir waste. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to estimate abattoir waste for bioenergy potential as sustainable management. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four selected abattoirs of Eastern Ethiopia from January 1st, 2018 to December 30th, 2018. The magnitude of abattoir waste composition was computed based on Aniebo mathematical computational from the actual number of slaughtered livestock. The study demonstrated that four selected abattoirs generate 1,606.403 ton of abattoir waste per year and using anaerobic digestion of about 85,139 m3/year of biogas and 111.25 ton/year of biofertilizer can be produced. The biogas or energy from the waste can replace firewood and charcoal and the expensive fossil fuels. Using Banks mathematical computation about 20,054.12 m3/year production of biogas could replace 20.56 ton/year of energy consumed by liquefied petroleum gas, kerosene, charcoal, furnace oil, petrol, and diesel in average. The current estimated biofertilizer (111.25 ton/year) from four abattoir sites can cover about 2,225 hectares/year with its advantage and efficiency of soil. When turned into cost, about $55,645 per year of price could estimate from biogas and biofertilizer. The study concluded that huge amount of biogas and dry biofertilizer yields could produce from abattoir waste through anaerobic digestion. Therefore, installing anaerobic digestion plant is recommended to ensure environmental safety and public health.
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Gonzalez, Liliana Pampillon, Nadia L. Ortiz Cornejo, Marco Luna Guido, Luc Dendooven, and Yendi E. Navarro Noya. "Microbial community distribution along a biodigester (lagoon type) for biogas production from livestock waste." Journal of Biotechnology 280 (August 2018): S30—S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.06.095.
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Asiyanthi Tabran, Lando, Arifin Abdul Nasser, and Nurhayati. "Effect of Bio-activator Addition and Stirring on Biogas Production from Rice Husks and Cow Dung." E3S Web of Conferences 73 (2018): 07015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187307015.
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Indonesia as the world’s third-largest paddy producer generates abundant agricultural wastes. Approximately, 20% of those wastes obtained in the rice milling process are rice husks that have not been fully utilized. Rice husks contain cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Therefore, it can be used as an alternative source of energy. In addition, an increase in the cattle population has increased the waste produced. Disposal of livestock manure, that has not been handled properly, has caused environmental pollution. The abundance of cow dung is an energy potential which is very beneficial for the community. Therefore, rice husk, cow dung, and bio-activator EM-4 were used as the main material in this study. The objectives of this study were to analyze the volume of biogas produced from (1) each composition of rice husk and cow dung, (2) addition of bio-activator EM-4, and (3) the amount of stirring in the digester. The ratio of rice husk and cow dung waste is 70%: 30% with a solid and water ratio of 10%: 90% and 20%:80%. The addition of EM-4 and stirring frequency is made with various composition aimed to accelerate the rate of increase in biogas, which can be used as alternative energy in society.
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da Silva, M. L. B., M. P. Mezzari, A. M. G. Ibelli, and K. B. Gregory. "Sulfide removal from livestock biogas by Azospirillum -like anaerobic phototrophic bacteria consortium." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 86 (January 2014): 248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.09.013.
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Kemausuor, Francis, Ahmad Addo, and Lawrence Darkwah. "Technical and Socioeconomic Potential of Biogas from Cassava Waste in Ghana." Biotechnology Research International 2015 (November 18, 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/828576.
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This study analyses technical potential and ex ante socioeconomic impacts of biogas production using cassava waste from agroprocessing plants. An analysis was performed for two biodigesters in two cassava processing communities in Ghana. The results showed that the two communities generate an excess of 4,500 tonnes of cassava peels per year. Using approximately 5% of the peels generated and livestock manure as inoculum can generate approximately 75,000 m3 of gas with an estimated 60% methane content from two separate plants of capacities 500 m3 and 300 m3 in the two communities. If used internally as process fuel, the potential gas available could replace over 300 tonnes of firewood per year for cassava processing. The displacement of firewood with gas could have environmental, economic, and social benefits in creating sustainable development. With a 10 percent discount rate, an assumed 20-year biodigester will have a Net Present Value of approximately US$ 148,000, 7-year Payback Period, and an Internal Rate of Return of 18.7%. The project will create 10 full-time unskilled labour positions during the investment year and 4 positions during operation years.
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Díaz-Vázquez, Diego, Susan Caroline Alvarado-Cummings, Demetrio Meza-Rodríguez, Carolina Senés-Guerrero, José de Anda, and Misael Sebastián Gradilla-Hernández. "Evaluation of Biogas Potential from Livestock Manures and Multicriteria Site Selection for Centralized Anaerobic Digester Systems: The Case of Jalisco, México." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (April 26, 2020): 3527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093527.
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The state of Jalisco is the largest livestock producer in Mexico, leading in the production of swine, eggs, and milk. This immense production generates enormous amounts of waste as a byproduct of the process itself. The poor management of livestock-derived waste can lead to multiple environmental problems like nutrient accumulation in soil, water eutrophication, and air pollution. The aim of this work is to establish a replicable geographic information system (GIS)-based methodology for selecting priority sites in which to implement anaerobic digestion units. These units will use multiple parameters that evaluate environmental risks and viability factors for the units themselves. A weighted overlay analysis was used to identify critical regions and, based on the results, clusters of individual livestock production units (LPUs) across the state were selected. Nitrogen and phosphorus recovery, as well as the energetic potential of the selected clusters, were calculated. Four clusters located mainly in the Los Altos region of Jalisco were selected as critical and analyzed. The results indicate that Jalisco has the potential to generate 5.5% of its total electricity demand if the entirety of its livestock waste is treated and utilized in centralized anaerobic digestion units. Additionally, 49.2 and 31.2 Gg of nitrogen and phosphorus respectively could be valorized, and there would be an estimated total reduction of 3012.6 Gg of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2eq).
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Reparaz, Carlos, Laura Sánchez-Martín, Ignacio de Godos, Pedro Mora, and Bernardo Llamas. "A Distributed Biogas Production Model and Its Use in the Livestock Sector. Case Study: Castile and León." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 8, 2021): 5326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125326.
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The population increase and the food demand increase the fight against climate change. Porcine production in Europe continues to increase, and Spain is the leading country in pig production. Manure management has a significant environmental impact that requires anaerobic digestion technologies for its mitigation. This technology helps produce biogas, a fuel that will reduce CO2 emissions. This study defines a distributed biogas generation model, determining the expected incomes from the development of this technology in small manure generation facilities (digestible organic waste). The development of this technology will contribute to reduce the demand for fossil energy and increase revenues by 22.7% regarding the expected revenues from the use of biogas for electricity generation.
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Putri, Andhina, P. Purwanto, and Hartuti Purnaweni. "Potential Utilization of Dairy Cattle Waste into Biogas (Jetak Village, Semarang City, Central Java)." E3S Web of Conferences 125 (2019): 14014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912514014.
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This study aims to identify the potential of dairy cattle waste to become biogas in Jetak Village as a solution in dealing with environmental problems. In this study using primary data obtained from 72 respondents through in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a qualitative descriptive approach and an analysis of conversion of dairy cattle dung into methane gas production. The results showed that the potential for renewable energy from dairy cattle waste to biogas was 4,424 kg / day or equivalent to 35.35 m3 / kg with a methane content of 24.75 m3. The utilization of dairy cattle waste in Jetak Village into compost / organic fertilizer has not been done by the community due to a lack of community knowledge and the motivation of people who are still low in processing livestock waste into other products.
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KIRILENKO, Ivan, and Dina TOKARCHUK. "EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION OF WASTE USE OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN THE FORMATION OF ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 2 (52) (June 26, 2020): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2020-2-9.
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The article substantiates that the effective use of organic waste for further processing today is a prerequisite for the development of agricultural enterprises, their competitive advantages and ensuring energy and environmental security. The basic principles of enterprise waste disposal are identified, which include: maximum use of on-farm resources, ensuring the economic efficiency of the technologies used, and compliance with veterinary and sanitary requirements. The most common methods for processing organic waste of agricultural enterprises, which include energy and non-energy areas, are investigated. The waste from the plant growing industry can be used for energy purposes in two directions: direct burning in order to obtain heat and electric energy, as well as for the production of solid biofuels. Livestock waste can be used to produce another type of biofuel – biogas. The non-energy direction of the use of organic waste from agricultural enterprises provides the production of secondary products (pulp, paper, cardboard), feed, bedding, compost. It is substantiated that the directions of use of crop waste, which is now preferred by agricultural enterprises, are mainly non-energy (like roughage, litter, as fertilizers) and ineffective (such feed is of little value for highly productive animals, enterprises do not comply with the technology of smelling residues, which minimizes positive effect). Various methods of processing waste products (secondary products) of the livestock industry are analyzed: composting, vermicomposting, composting using gumivit, infusion, and biogas production. A comparison of the economic efficiency of traditional and bioenergy manure utilization at a conditional enterprise is made. It is proved that modern methods of manure utilization with biogas production have advantages because they have an environmental effect, can provide energy autonomy due to the refusal to purchase fuel, electricity, it is possible to increase the efficiency of activities through the sale or own use of biological fertilizers, and the sale of other by-products.
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Msibi, Sunset S., and Gerrit Kornelius. "Potential for domestic biogas as household energy supply in South Africa." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 28, no. 2 (June 23, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2017/v28i2a1754.
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Biogas is a clean and renewable form of energy accessible to low-income households through anaerobic digestion of readily available organic waste. The objectives of this desktop study were to investigate the feasibility of biogas use for substitution of presently used solid fuels in rural and peri-urban households, the subsequent health co-benefits, and the constraints to adoption of domestic biogas technology in South Africa. The energy demand of low-income South African households for cooking with fuelwood was found to be 27 MJ/day and the total energy demand 68 MJ/day. This is equivalent to 2 500 L/day/household of biogas for cooking and 6 250 L/day/household of biogas for complete substitution of conventional domestic fuels. Complete substitution of fuelwood used for cooking and household fuelwood use with biogas can result in the avoidance of 43% and 85.4% respectively of total disability adjusted life-years lost (702 790) and mortalities (22 365) from indoor smoke as a consequence of solid fuel use. Approximately 625 000 households in South Africa can potentially benefit from bio-digester fed with cattle and pig waste, on the basis of livestock numbers. It is infeasible to operate a domestic bio-digester fed solely with human waste, chicken waste and food waste because of insufficient feedstock. Non-sewered households with access to on- and off-site water supply generate sufficient greywater for feeding a domestic bio-digester for cooking purposes. This is, therefore, recommended over the use of drinking water.
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Kára, J., E. Janča, and D. Herák. "Exploitation of anaerobic fermentation of bio-degradable wastes." Research in Agricultural Engineering 56, No. 1 (March 13, 2010): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/20/2009-rae.
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The paper deals with assessment of biogas yield from mixtures of <I>Reynoutria</I> substrates and livestock manure. The aim was to perform laboratory experiments and suggest suitable fermenter operating conditions (dry matter content, pH, share of substrate components, thermic regime) for metanogenic digestion, then to determine its quality and assess the usability of such produced biogas.
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Gao, Xionghui, Xiaoyu Tang, Kunyang Zhao, Venkatesh Balan, and Qili Zhu. "Biogas Production from Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Spent Mushroom Substrate with Different Livestock Manure." Energies 14, no. 3 (January 22, 2021): 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14030570.
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Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is defined as the biomass waste generated during industrial mushroom cultivation. Utilization of SMS has been extensively researched and has immense potential as a sustainable substrate for generating biogas that can offset fossil fuel use. This closed loop energy generation process that can be set up in mushroom plants will reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which will benefit the environment. Anaerobic co-digestion of SMS with different agricultural wastes such as livestock manure would result in enhanced biogas production. In this study, the anaerobic co-digestion of SMS was carried out by combing yellow back fungus SMS along with chicken, dairy and pig manure. SMS combined with chicken manure yielded a slightly higher cumulative methane yield when compared with the combination of dairy manure and pig manure. Factors such as the total solids (TS) and the relative ratio of manure to SMS loading had a significant impact on the cumulative methane yield, volatile solids removal, with a particularly prominent synergistic effect. The synergistic effect was also closely related to the C/N ratio, and under experimental conditions (TS = 15%, SMS relative ratio of 50% and C/N ratio = 25.6), the cumulative methane yield of SMS with chicken manure (CM) was increased by 414% compared with that obtained using SMS or CM separately. We carried out a multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis, a statistical technique that uses several explanatory variables to predict the outcome of a response variable. Our analysis concluded that by using operating conditions (TS = 15%, and SMS ratio = 38.9), we were able to achieve the maximum cumulative methane yield (CMY).
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Suzuki, Y., A. Kubota, T. Furukawa, K. Sugamoto, Y. Asano, H. Takahashi, T. Sekito, Y. Dote, and Y. Sugimoto. "Residual of 17β-estradiol in digestion liquid generated from a biogas plant using livestock waste." Journal of Hazardous Materials 165, no. 1-3 (June 15, 2009): 677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.057.
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Wei, Jiapei, Gefu Liang, James Alex, Tongchao Zhang, and Chunbo Ma. "Research Progress of Energy Utilization of Agricultural Waste in China: Bibliometric Analysis by Citespace." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (January 22, 2020): 812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12030812.
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Energy utilization of agricultural waste, due to the depletion of petroleum resources and the continuous deterioration of the ecological environment, has become an increasingly important development area at present, with broad prospects. The Citespace software was used to systematically summarize the research hotspots, development, and frontiers of researches on the energy utilization of agricultural waste in China from 1999 to 2018. The results show that (1) the number of publications in this field has increased, which includes a steady development stage, a rapid development stage, and a fluctuation and decline stage. (2) Research hotspots focused on technology for energy utilization of agricultural waste, benefits analysis of energy utilization of agricultural waste, energy conversion and upgrading path of agricultural waste, and energy potential of agricultural waste. (3) Development of research hotspots go through five stages: “technology for energy utilization of straw and the disposal of livestock and poultry waste”, “exploration of energy utilization mode of agricultural waste and the disposal of by-product from energy utilization of agricultural waste”, “technology upgrading from agricultural waste to fuel ethanol and recycling of livestock and poultry waste”, “resource recycling of by-product from biogas ” and “energy utilization of livestock and slaughterhouse waste”. It has revealed the focus in this field was changing from planting waste to breeding waste, and from unprocessed waste to by-product from energy utilization. (4) Energy utilization of slaughterhouse waste and cow manure has started to be considered as the frontiers of researches.
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Zumalla, Asfarina, Budiyono, and Siswo Sumardiono. "Utilization of Delignified Sawdust as Raw Material of Biogas Production." MATEC Web of Conferences 156 (2018): 03054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815603054.
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Biogas is one alternative to replace the irreplaceable energy source that has begun to diminish its existence. The raw materials for biogas manufacture are renewable biomass, usually using plantation waste, agriculture, and livestock. Using biogas can also reduce environmental pollution. One of the agricultural waste that has great potential to become the raw material of biogas is teak sawdust. Wood processing industry in Indonesia quite a lot, but wood has a high lignosesluosa content, so it needs the right method to process it. With the delignification of lignin levels on teak sawdust will decrease. Wood sawdust is soaked using NaOH for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days with 4% w / v concentration. The lowest lignin and hemicellulose content was 25.79% and 87.9% in pretreatment for 4 days, while the highest cellulose level was 57, 34%. The accumulated volume of biogas at 1 day pretreatment, ie 709 ml / g TS. Gcms shows the enlarged peak area of methanamine, N-methyl from before pretreatment. The fastest biogas formation (λ) in 4 days pretreatment, 1.60403 days and the largest constant A and U variables at 1 day were 914.5903 ml / g TS and 34.59765 ml / g TS.
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Puteri, Gina Chynthia Kamarudin, Roni Ridwan, and Ellin Harlia. "Ecological Diversity of Microbial Consortium Feces of Beef Cattle and Lignite Coal." HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 27, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.4308/hjb.27.3.180.
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Increasing energy demand is not alongside the availability of limited fossil fuels. Alternative and renewable energy sources are not only an option to overcome energy problems but also essential to minimize global warming. Another critical and promising renewable energy source is biomass-derived from livestock feces. Beef cattle feces contain a microorganism consortium that can be used as a starter with coal media to form biogas. Indonesia recently developed coal waste processing into renewable energy, such as biogas. This study aimed to overview the ecological diversity of microbial consortium of beef cattle feces, lignite coal waste, and a combination of livestock and lignite coal waste under mesophilic conditions. This research is an explorative method, the data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The process of formation was carried out anaerobically on a bottle containing the rumen fluid medium. The fermentation process lasted 42 days at 39℃ of temperature. After that, the sample was electrophoresis, followed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) method. NGS data is processed with the MG-Rast website. This study demonstrates the ecological diversity of microbial consortium of beef cattle, lignite coal waste, and a combined consortium. The results showed ecological diversity in the form of taxonomy dominated by bacteria, eukaryotes, and archaea.
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Antognoni, Stefano, Marco Ragazzi, Gabriela Ionescu, Giorgia Passamani, Simone Zanoni, Elena C. Rada, and Vincenzo Torretta. "Respirometric index as a tool for biogas generation production from poultry manure." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 27, no. 3 (April 11, 2016): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-04-2015-0052.
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Purpose – In the EU, over the past three decades, poultry production has been growing around the 5 percent per year. This increase determined a higher volume of livestock and poultry farming waste, which represents a potential renewable fuel suitable for waste to energy conversion. One way is through biological process such as the dry anaerobic digestion (AD). Tests normally applied for the measurement of the anaerobic biogas potential (ABP) are reliable, but not feasible as a routine analysis. This kind of test is expensive and time consuming (21-100 days). The purpose of this paper is to propose a rapid method for assessing the potential of biogas in anaerobic poultry manure, with the goal of helping the choices of operators of AD. Design/methodology/approach – The Dynamic Respiration Index was calculated as “key parameter” in order to estimate the ABP, which provides important information about the biogas generation for the poultry manure. Furthermore, two dynamic respirometric approaches were considered developed in two Italian universities. The main difference between them is the control of temperature. Findings – Calculate ABP through IRD is a useful method to determine the value of the potential production of biogas of different biomasses in a short time and assess which one is more productive. Originality/value – The methodology presented in this study is fast (one-five days) and alternative method to determinate the ABP, above all for the operators of AD plant.
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Afazeli, Hadi, Ali Jafari, Shahin Rafiee, and Mohsen Nosrati. "An investigation of biogas production potential from livestock and slaughterhouse wastes." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 34 (June 2014): 380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.03.016.
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Izumi, Taro, Eiji Matsubara, Duong T. Dung, Nguyen V. C. Ngan, Nguyen H. Chiem, and Yoshiro Higano. "Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Vietnam through Introduction of a Proper Technical Support System for Domestic Biogas Digesters." Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 3 (May 30, 2016): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v9n3p224.
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A domestic biogas digester (BD) is a household-sized system that produces biogas from organic waste under anaerobic conditions. By substituting conventional cooking fuel with biogas, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be reduced. In addition, improved livestock manure management from use of the BD system can lead to further GHG emission reductions. However, because the main component of biogas is methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), with 25 times the global warming potential of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), leakage of biogas from the BD system can counteract the benefits of this system. Thick vinyl-type BDs were introduced to farming households in a rural area of Vietnam’s Mekong Delta in an effort to reduce GHG emissions as a Clean Development Mechanism project. In this project, selected farmers were trained as Key Farmers (KFs). These farmers acquired knowledge about appropriate techniques relating to the BD system and provided technical support to households. Then, biogas usage was monitored in the households where the BD technology was installed. The average proportion of operational BDs reached as high as 92.3%. Therefore, the technical support system provided by the KFs was regarded as practical and effective. Additionally, leakage of biogas from the BD systems was monitored. The average leakage was estimated at 8% of the produced biogas. Including emission reductions from improved livestock manure management, the total GHG emission reductions from the introduction of BD systems was calculated as 2.95 tonnes of CO<sub>2</sub> per year per household. Overall, the emission reduction effects can only be achieved with appropriate installation, operation, and maintenance of the BD systems.
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Andhina, putri, and P. Purwanto. "Evaluation of Livestock Waste Management to Energy Biogas (Case Study: Jetak Village, Getasan Sub District)." E3S Web of Conferences 73 (2018): 07013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187307013.
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The purpose of this research is to know how to manage livestock waste into biogas energy in Jetak Village, Semarang Regency. The method used qualitative descriptive with qualitative descriptive approach. The technique of determining key informants was done by purposive sampling. Data were obtained from cattle ranchers who lived in the study sites through interviews, observation and documentation. The result of this research is the community biogas users in Jetak Village who get assistance from DAK (Special Budget Fund) in 2008 not yet fully utilize this technology optimally. This can be seen from some of the user community that experienced obstacles such as cracking of main digester, utilization of less than maximum energy,etc. The community of users who get this assistance is a community that has a large number of farms about 15-20 head of cattle, so it is expected that the potential of gas produced greater and can help the surrounding community to meet the needs of energy. Each user community distributes the gas to five local people. At this time some of the installation has been damaged so that people again use LPG gas for energy fulfillment, especially cooking activity.
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Nurkholis, Nurkholis, Suluh Nusantoro, Aan Awaludin, M. Adhyatma, and Bagus Djuni. "Pemanfaatan Kotoran Ternak Sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif di Kelompok Ternak Sapi Potong Sido Makmur Umbulsari Jember." Journal of Community Development 1, no. 2 (April 20, 2021): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.47134/comdev.v1i2.16.
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The sustainability of the livestock business does not only depend on the success of the maintenance system which aims at increasing productivity, but also on the ability to process the resulting livestock waste. Livestock waste is the main source of quality degradation for the environment, this occurs due to the presence of ammonia and methane gas which is formed from the decomposition of organic matter. Ammonia along with other gases can cause acid rain, while methane gas causes a greenhouse effect. This community service partner is a farmer who is part of the "Sido Makmur" beef cattle group in Umbulrejo village, Umbulsari sub-district, Jember district. The purpose of this community service activity is to transfer knowledge and technology regarding livestock waste processing to be used as biogas. The selection of waste treatment topics is based on a situation analysis of the "Sido Makmur" livestock group. The results of the situation analysis show that generally livestock manure is not processed and is left around the stables and there are some group members who have difficulty buying LPG fuel because it is considered quite expensive. The implementation of the service consists of several activitie, the first was outreach activities, demonstrations / practices and assistance of community service activities. The results of the community service survey which have shown that the application of technology in the processing or utilization of livestock manure into a useful material that even has economic value will support the creation of an environmentally friendly livestock system or zerro waste system, besides that it will also improve the welfare of breeders through minimizing the cost of purchasing fuel.
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Indran, S., D. Divya, Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa, Suchart Siengchin, P. Merlin Christy, and L. R. Gopinath. "Perspectives of anaerobic decomposition of biomass for sustainable biogas production: A Review." E3S Web of Conferences 302 (2021): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130201015.
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Biogas production from biomass is an eco-friendly approach that offers renewable energy generation, waste recycling, biofertilizer production along with maintaining environmental quality. Anaerobic decomposition is a familiar practice used for biogas production in worldwide, whereas only few substrates were convenient for attaining desired methane concentration in biogas. Hence, further advancements are necessary for the exploration and utilization of various complex organic materials for the purpose. This article gives a clear outlook on potential of various biomass for biogas production, necessity of pretreatment, applicability of microbial/enzyme addition, maintenance of various process parameters, formulation of suitable digester designs and future scope of this area. The livestock wastes and agricultural wastes possess high energy generation potential (71%) and sustainable utilization of such wastes are admirable to commercialize biogas production in future. Hence, selection of biomass through biochemical methane potential (BMP) analysis and biomass pretreatment prior to anaerobic decomposition is adequate to improve the quality and quantity of generated biogas. Addition of effective microorganisms or respective enzymes along with the employment of suitable bioreactors, are other perspectives to enhance decomposition. The single-stage and multi-stage systems possess much attention than other types of reactors since that offers accurate process management at four different stages of decomposition. Moreover, the maintenances of optimum pH, temperature, volatile fatty acids, carbon/nitrogen ratio, etc. are crucial to evade system unsteadiness during decomposition. Since comprehensive mathematical models are appropriate to make the anaerobic decomposition process economically feasible and advancement with these forecasts are adequate to commercialize this technology in the future.
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Rahim, I. R., A. T. Lando, K. Sari, E. Asriyanti, and M. Ihsan. "Feasibility Study of Biogas from Banana Peel Waste and Livestock Manure Mixture as Renewable Energy Source." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 676 (December 10, 2019): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/676/1/012024.
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