Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biogas utilisation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Biogas utilisation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Biogas utilisation"

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Murphy, J. D., E. McKeogh, and G. Kiely. "Technical/economic/environmental analysis of biogas utilisation." Applied Energy 77, no. 4 (April 2004): 407–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2003.07.005.

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Hishinuma, T., H. Kurishima, C. Yang, and Y. Genchi. "Using a life cycle assessment method to determine the environmental impacts of manure utilisation: biogas plant and composting systems." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 2 (2008): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07246.

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The aim of this study was to use life cycle assessment methods to determine the environmental impacts of manure utilisation by a biogas plant and by a typical manure composting system. The functional unit was defined as the average annual manure utilisation on a dairy farm with 100 cows. The environmental impact categories chosen were emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) and acidification gases (AG). The GHG emissions were estimated as: 345.9 t CO2-equivalents (e) for solid composting (case 1), 625.4 t CO2-e for solid and liquid composting (case 2), and 86.3–90.1 t CO2-e for the biogas plant system. The AG emissions were estimated as: 10.1 t SO2-e for case 1, 18.4 t SO2-e for case 2, and 13.1–24.2 t SO2-e for the biogas plant system. These results show that a biogas plant system produces low GHG emissions, but comparatively high AG emissions with land application. It is suggested that land application using band spread or shallow injection attachments will decrease AG emissions (NH3) from biogas plant systems.
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Rasi, S., J. Läntelä, and J. Rintala. "Trace compounds affecting biogas energy utilisation – A review." Energy Conversion and Management 52, no. 12 (November 2011): 3369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2011.07.005.

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MENDERA, Krzysztof. "Thermodynamic aspects of energetic utilisation of upgraded biogas in an IC engine." Combustion Engines 141, no. 2 (May 1, 2010): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117147.

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The paper presents the results of numerical modeling of an internal combustion engine fueled either with biogas or upgraded biogas with taking into account the specific thermodynamic properties of the working fluid.
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Liu, Xueyu, Jieqiong Ma, and Hongguang Zhu. "Characteristics of leaching agents for heavy metal extraction and safe utilisation of pig farm biogas residues." E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911801016.

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The continuous development of biogas engineering in recent years has been accompanied by an increasing number of biogas-residue types in the environment. The existence of various heavy metal elements in biogas residues, particularly excessive amounts of zinc and copper in pig farm biogas residues, hinders their safe utilisation. Several studies have focused on an effective composition for biogas residues or on their effects on soil and plants. However, few investigations regarding the removal of harmful substances from biogas residues have been conducted. The characteristics of heavy metals leached from pig farm biogas residues using eight types of leaching agents were analysed in this study. It is expected that, based on this study, different uses for biogas residues can be developed under the premise of security. The results showed that the most suitable extractant of heavy metals from pig farm biogas residues was EDTA2Na. The leaching rates increased over time. The leaching rates of copper and zinc after 2 h were 21.91% and 48.66%, respectively. After being leached for 2 h by EDTA-2Na, the concentration of zinc met the requirements for moderate alkaline soil, according to the Control Limits against Harmful Substances in Composts for Agricultural Use (DB44/T 361-2006) standard.
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Sun, Qie, Hailong Li, Jinying Yan, Longcheng Liu, Zhixin Yu, and Xinhai Yu. "Selection of appropriate biogas upgrading technology-a review of biogas cleaning, upgrading and utilisation." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 51 (November 2015): 521–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.06.029.

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Ullah Khan, Imran, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman, Haslenda Hashim, Takeshi Matsuura, A. F. Ismail, M. Rezaei-DashtArzhandi, and I. Wan Azelee. "Biogas as a renewable energy fuel – A review of biogas upgrading, utilisation and storage." Energy Conversion and Management 150 (October 2017): 277–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.08.035.

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Awe, Olumide Wesley, Yaqian Zhao, Ange Nzihou, Doan Pham Minh, and Nathalie Lyczko. "A Review of Biogas Utilisation, Purification and Upgrading Technologies." Waste and Biomass Valorization 8, no. 2 (January 9, 2017): 267–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-016-9826-4.

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Barta-Juhász, Ilona. "Competitiveness of the biomethane opposite with the CHP technology of biogas by definite plant size." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 54 (August 12, 2013): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/54/2139.

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The biogas sector has never before aroused so much attention as it does today. Combined heat and power (CHP) reliable and cost-effective technologies that are already making an important contribution to meeting global heat and electricity demand. Due to enhanced energy supply efficiency and utilisation of waste heat renewable energy resources, CHP, particularly together with district heating and cooling (DHC), is an important part of national and regional Green House Gas (GHG) emission reduction strategies. During my work I am going to use the basic data of a certain biogas plant than I assemble one model from that. Against the CHP technology I am going to plan a biogas cleaning-equipment. During my research it revealed, that in the case of a 1 MW output power plant it is not worthy to deal with biogas cleaning between national conditions. Investigating the quantity of heat recovery in the CHP technology it is obvious, that the net income at 1 m3 biogas is at least 72 times more than the cleaning technology (heat recovery is 0%).
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Haryanto, Agus, Dwi Cahyani, Sugeng Triyono, Fauzan Murdapa, and Dwi Haryono. "Economic Benefit and Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Potential of A Family-Scale Cowdung Anaerobic Biogas Digester." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 6, no. 1 (March 22, 2017): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.1.29-36.

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The objective of this research was to evaluate economic benefit and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction potential of a family-scale anaerobic cowdung biogas digester. Research was conducted at two villages in Lampung Province, namely Marga Lestari, District of South Lampung and Pesawaran Indah, District of Pesawaran. Economic benefit and GHG emission reduction potential were evaluated from LPG saving due to biogas utilisation for cooking and fertilizer substitution by slurry digestate. Results showed that a family-scale anaerobic cowdung biogas digester demonstrated a good potential to reduce GHG emission, but not in economic. A digester with 4 heads of cow produced biogas at a rate of 1582 L/day. With average methane content of 53.6%, energy value of the biogas was equivalent to 167 kg LPG and able to substitute 52 bottles LPG annually. A family-scale biogas contributed 108.1 USD/year and potentially reduced GHG emission by 5292.5 kg CO2e/year resulted from biomethane potential, LPG, and fertilizer savings.Article History: Received November 15th 2016; Received in revised form January 16th 2017; Accepted February 2nd 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Haryanto, A., Cahyani, D., Triyono, S., Murdapa, F., and Haryono, D. (2017) Economic Benefit and Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Potential of A Family-Scale Cowdung Anaerobic Biogas Digester. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 6(1), 29-36.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.1.29-36
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biogas utilisation"

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Lamond, Alexander Robert. "Techno-economic and carbon emissions analysis of biogas utilisation systems in the UK." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50376/.

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Biogas is a renewable and carbon neutral fuel, that can help the UK meet its increasing energy demand, while simultaneously reducing the net greenhouse gas emissions. All the biogas utilisation routes modelled, return positive avoided greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Biogas to combined heat and power (CHP) returns higher avoided emissions than biogas upgrading to biomethane and injection into the gas grid across the entire heat utilisation range (0% to 100%). The current renewable energy incentives, offered by the UK government, allow utilising biogas via either CHP, or biomethane production to return positive net present values (NPV). A theoretical membrane with improved separation properties (termed "future" membrane) allows reduction in energy consumption and increase in NPV. The future membrane returns positive net present values without the aide of subsidies, however, subsidies are required in order to compete with biogas to CHP. When 2014 subsidies were applied (7.7 pence/kWh of biomethane), the future membrane returned a higher NPV (£28.3million) than biogas to CHP (£27.5million). The proposed development fuel maximum buy-out for biogas derived transport fuels would make the minimum selling point (MSP) of upgraded biogas transport fuel lower than diesel by 2-10 pence/kWh. Enriching biogas with natural gas is a lower cost method of achieving a gas mix that complies with internal combustion engine specifications than upgrading biogas with either current membranes, or future membranes. However, the renewable fraction of the final transport fuel would only contain a maximum renewable energy fraction of 30%, if enriching biogas with natural gas. The largest overall contributor to producing biogas derived transport fuel is the cost of producing biogas.
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Samuel, Adam. "Biogas upgrading and solvent regeneration in monoethanolamine and ionic liquids for carbon dioxide utilisation." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9364/.

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Biogas is a renewable energy source, consisting primarily of methane and carbon dioxide (CO2), which can be upgraded by stripping the CO2 to produce biomethane. One of the standard industrial solvents used in biogas upgrading is monoethanolamine (MEA). Despite the effective CO2 capture capability of MEA, it is energy intensive to regenerate since it requires heating the solvent to approximately 120 oC. Additional issues with MEA include material losses due to degradation and evaporation. This work investigates methods for improving the biogas upgrading process by utilising microbubbles and comparing ionic liquid solvents to MEA. It is also examined whether CO2 can be released from a solvent with high enough purity to be utilised directly in conjunction with carbon dioxide utilisation (CDU) processes. The study experimentally investigates factors influencing bubble size and absorption of CO2 by ionic liquids with a view to biogas upgrading. It was found that bubble size in the majority of ionic liquids tested was far greater than that in aqueous glycerol mixtures of similar viscosity; however, three of the ionic liquids tested had a similar bubble size. Further analysis showed that rather than viscosity, the surface tension of the ionic liquid has the most significant influence on bubble size due to its stabilising effect on the homogeneous regime in bubble columns. 30 wt.% aqueous MEA solution was shown to have a significantly greater rate of mass transfer than the ionic liquids tested due to its greater absorption capacity, greater diffusivity and tendency to form smaller bubbles. Of the ionic liquids tested, the greatest absorption capacity was exhibited by [C2mim][NTf2] and the greatest volumetric mass transfer coefficient by [C2mim][EtSO4].
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Rojas, Devia Carolina. "Biogaz en vue de son utilisation en production d'énergie : séparation des siloxanes et du sulfure d'hydrogène." Phd thesis, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00824324.

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Ce travail présente une étude de procédé de traitement des siloxanes et de l'H2S appliqué à la purification des biogaz. Une approche bibliographique montre l'intérêt de développer de nouveaux procédés de traitement à faible coût pouvant s'intégrer facilement dans une filière complète de purification des biogaz. Une partie de l'étude est consacrée aux possibilités de traitement par transfert gaz-liquide dans des huiles. Cette technique est comparée à un procédé plus classique de traitement par adsorption sur charbon actif. Les résultats ont montré que ces 2 techniques étaient complémentaires, l'absorption dans une huile utilisée pour le traitement de fortes concentrations et l'adsorption sur charbon actif en traitement definition. Une autre partie de l'étude a été consacrée au traitement de l'H2S. Les niveaux d'abattement requis étant de plus en plus bas, l'approche choisie est celle d'un traitement definition en complément des traitements principaux classiques. Le procédé étudié est celui d'un système par physi-adsorption sur charbon actif en tissu pre-humidifié. Celui-ci est régénéré in situ par chauffage électrique direct et mise en dépression du réacteur. L'étude des conditions opératoires a permis d'établir des paramètres de régénération et des conditions de traitement permettant de réaliser des cycles pérenne. L'intérêt réside ici dans les conditions douces de température et de pression utilisées pour la régénération.
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Laperrière, Wendy. "Évaluation des limites d'un digesteur biogaz pour une utilisation flexible dans un réseau local de production d'énergie." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT068/document.

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Avec l’augmentation de la part des énergies renouvelables intermittentes (solaire et éolien) dans les mix énergétiques, des problèmes dans la stabilité de la fourniture d’électricité peuvent se présenter. La solution pour compenser ces fluctuations réside dans la production flexible de biogaz. Le biogaz peut en effet être stocké puis utilisé en période de demande; sa production doit donc être assurée de manière flexible, contrairement à ce qui est fait actuellement sur la majorité des digesteurs. L’objectif de la thèse était d’étudier et de déterminer les limites de digesteurs biogaz en fonctionnement flexible. Trois réacteurs de 15L, alimentés avec trois mélanges différents de deux substrats solides, ont été alimentés pendant 550 jours en fonctionnement flexible. Il a été démontré au cours de cette thèse que le fonctionnement flexible avec des surcharges organiques ponctuelles n’avait aucune incidence négative à long terme sur la production de méthane. La flexibilité instantanée a été définie comme la marge entre le maximum de production sur un réacteur et sa production de base. Elle a été fortement influencée par la charge de base du réacteur et par les cinétiques de dégradation des substrats utilisés en surcharge, mais très peu par l’intensité des surcharges appliquées. L’utilisation de substrats rapidement dégradables en surcharge a permis d’atteindre un maximum de production de 1 à 1,2 LCH4/Lréacteur.j dans les premières 24 heures, même sur des réacteurs alimentés de base avec du fumier, conduisant à des flexibilités allant de +92 à +150%. Ce plafond dépend de la vitesse d’hydrolyse des substrats et il peut être relevé en utilisant des composés plus simples à dégrader en surcharge (type glycérol). Un mode opératoire prêt à être validé sur des installations pilote a été défini ; il précise la démarche à suivre pour la détermination du maximum de production et le niveau de la charge de base à adopter, pour une flexibilisation optimale de la production de méthane sur les CSTR. Un modèle simple, basé sur deux vitesses de dégradation, a également été développé et proposé pour simuler un fonctionnement flexible sur un réacteur
With the increasing share of intermittent renewable energies in the electricity mix, some stability problems are expected in the grid. The solution consists in using biogas as buffer energy. Biogas can be stored, then used on-demand. As the storage is limited, biogas production should be flexible. The aim of this thesis was to study and determine the limits of anaerobic reactors in a flexible operation. Three 15L reactors, fed with three different mixtures of two solid substrates, were fed for 550 days in flexible operation. It was demonstrated in this thesis that flexible operation with one-off overloads had no negative impact on methane production on long-term. The flexibility was defined as the margin between the maximum production on a reactor and its baseload production. It was strongly influenced by the baseload of the reactor and the substrates used in overloads, but not by the intensity of the overloads applied. The use of readily degradable substrates in overloads allowed a maximum production of 1 to 1.2 LCH4/Lreactor.d to be achieved in the first 24 hours, even in reactors fed mainly with manure, leading to flexibility ranging from +92 to + 150%. This ceiling depends on the rate of hydrolysis of the substrates. It can be increased by using compounds that are of a simpler structure (glycerol for example). An operational strategy ready to be validated on pilot plants has been defined; it specifies the approach for the determination of the maximum production and the level of the baseload to be adopted, for an optimal flexibilization of the methane production on CSTRs. A simple model, based on two degradation rates, has also been developed to simulate flexible operation of anaerobic reactors
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Laycock, Christian J. "Studies into carbon deposition and sulphur tolerance of nickel catalysts for carbon dioxide reforming of methane : Implications for biogas utilisation." Thesis, Keele University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.530766.

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Tramoni, Félicien. "Analyse du traitement et de la gestion durable des boues d’épuration en Corse. Proposition de solutions énergétiques alternatives, axées sur la méthanisation des boues avec production d’énergies, aux méthodes appliquées en Corse. Utilisation de l’outil d’aide multicritère à la décision dans le cadre du surclassement de ces nouveaux procédés." Thesis, Corte, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CORT0019.

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La qualité des boues est directement liée à la qualité des étapes de traitement présentes au sein d’une station d’épuration. En termes de traitement et d’élimination des boues, nous observons de la part des acteurs locaux, une volonté d’abandon définitif et durable de la filière « dépôt en centre de stockage », étant donnée une règlementation et des plans régionaux (notamment le PREDIS de Corse), toujours plus exigeant en termes de valorisations des déchets industriels et spéciaux. Nous observons également un abandon progressif et programmé des pratiques relatives à l’épandage. En effet, l’épandage des boues d’épuration fait l’objet d’une vaste controverse qui met en avant les risques sanitaires et environnementaux qu’elle engendrerait sur les sols agricoles. Au sein de notre région, cette pratique est réalisée de manière non règlementaire. En Corse, les acteurs locaux semblent avoir optés pour la solution du compostage en vue de valoriser la production de boues d’épuration. En effet, près des 2/3 du tonnage annuel en MS de boues sont actuellement valorisés via cette filière. Le processus de compostage équivaut à une fermentation aérobie, faisant intervenir une multitude de micro-organismes. Cette filière de compostage, au même titre que l’épandage, a connu une forte expansion de son activité mais semble avoir des failles et des limites : problèmes de mauvaises odeurs ; règlementation de plus en plus exigeante ; et enfin surproduction de compost invendable aux vues de la demande. Une autre solution pourrait présenter des atouts supérieurs : la méthanisation avec production d’électricité et de chaleur par cogénération. Cette production d’énergies passe obligatoirement par la valorisation du biogaz produit par ce système. En effet, le biogaz est un mélange contenant principalement du méthane (50 à 70%) et du dioxyde de carbone Du fait d’une forte concentration en méthane, le biogaz est un bon fournisseur d’énergie (1m3 de biogaz a un pouvoir calorifique de 6 kWh soit l’équivalent de 0,6 l de fuel). Pour produire de l’électricité, le processus de méthanisation doit être couplé à un moteur à cogénération ou à plusieurs microturbines. EDF a alors l’obligation de racheter l’électricité produite à un prix se situant entre 11 et 14 centimes d’euros/kwh., Après 15 ans, le rachat du kwh produit se fait aux taux proposés par EDF. En Corse, seulement une station d’épuration est équipée d’un digesteur couplé en série à cinq microturbines, produisant de la chaleur et de l’électricité par cogénération : La station de traitement des eaux usées de Campo Dell’Oro à Ajaccio. Ce procédé de valorisation énergétique pourrait être amélioré via le remplacement à terme, des microtubines par un moteur à cogénération. Une AMCDP a notamment permis de surclasser cette technologie vis-à-vis des microturbines, beaucoup moins efficaces en termes de rendement mais aussi de fonctionnement. L’équipement des stations d’épuration de plus fortes capacités en Corse, de digesteurs associés à un moteur à cogénération pourrait être une solution durable à la problématique de la valorisation énergétique des boues
Sludge quality is directly related to the quality of of these processing steps present in a water treatment plant. In terms of treatment and disposal of sludge, we observe on the part of local actors, a willingness to permanent and lasting abandonment of the sector 'deposit in storage centre'', given a regional plans and regulations (including the PREDIS Corsica), increasingly demanding in terms of valuations of industrial and special waste. We also observe a gradual and planned abandonment of practices for spreading. Indeed, the spreading of sewage sludge is the subject of widespread controversy which highlights the health and environmental risks it would lead to agricultural soils. In our region, this practice is not carried out regulatory manner. In Corsica, the local actors seem to have opted for the solution of compost to enhance the production of sewage sludge. Nearly 2/3 of the annual tonnage MS sludge is currently valued via this pathway. The composting process is equivalent to an aerobic fermentation involving a multitude of microorganisms. This composting stream, as well as spreading, experienced strong expansion of its business but seems to have flaws and limitations: problems with odors; regulatory increasingly demanding; and finally overproduction unsaleable compost to the views of the application.Another solution could present higher advantages: anaerobic digestion with production of electricity and heat from cogeneration. . This energy production go through the biogas produced by this system. Indeed, the biogas is a mixture containing mostly methane (50 – 70 %) and carbon dioxide. Due to a high concentration of methane, biogas is a good energy supplier (1m3 biogas has a calorific value 6 kWh equivalent to 0.6 liters of fuel). To generate electricity, the anaerobic digestion process must be coupled to an engine cogeneration or several microturbines. EDF has the obligation to purchase electricity at a price ranging between 11 and 14 euro cents/kwh. After 15 years, the redemption of the kwh produced is done at the rate offered by EDF.In Corsica, only a treatment plant is equipped with a digester coupled in series to five microturbines, producing heat and electricity cogeneration: The wastewater treatment plant at Campo Dell'Oro /Ajaccio. This energy recovery process could be improved with an eventual replacement of the microtubines by a cogeneration engine. An AMCDP allowed to outperform this technology towards microturbines, much less efficient in terms of performance.The equipment of the highest capacity treatment plants in Corsica, digesters associated with a cogeneration engine could be a lasting solution to the problem of energy recovery of sewage sludge
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Navrátil, Petr. "Čištění bioplynu pomocí metody PSA (adsorpce za měnícího se tlaku)." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231509.

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The topic of this master thesis is upgrading of biogas. As a mixture of gases produced during anaerobic digestion, contains methane which is highly energy valuable gas. But also other substances that we want to remove. We will present the motivation for upgrading biogas and the possibility of separation, generally the pressure swing adsorption method. The key parameter of this technique is the choice of a suitable adsorbent. This is possible based on the knowledge of adsorption processes, therefore, is also described below. The objective of this thesis is to determine the parameters of the pressure swing adsorption metod. To do this it is necessary to determine the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent, measure breakthrough curves of carbon dioxide and methane, and determine the pressure drop of solid bed, etc. As a result we can finally make a balance and evaluate the applicability in practice.
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Boot-Handford, Matthew. "The utilisation of biomass as a fuel for chemical looping combustion." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/38554.

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Development of a commercially viable carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technology for fossil fuel power generation is vital if the anticipated effects of global warning are to be avoided. Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is an indirect combustion process that utilises a regenerable solid oxygen sorbent (oxygen carrier, OC), typically a metal oxide, to transfer oxygen from the combustion air to the fuel such that direct contact between air and fuel is avoided. CLC is a variant on an oxy-fuel carbon capture system that offers the potential for a much lower energy penalty as CO2 separation is achieved intrinsically such that additional energy-intensive gas separation steps are avoided. Our research focuses on the development and optimisation of OCs for CLC systems using biomass and biomass derived fuels. The development of a CLC process utilising biomass is of particular interest as it has the potential to result in negative CO2 emissions i.e. a net removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. Thermochemical conversion of biomass typically results in the formation of significant quantities of refractory tar compounds which are difficult to combust and can lead to reduced fuel conversion efficiencies. Decomposition of the tars on the surface of the OC can result in severe coking and temporary deactivation. Coking of the OC also limits the overall CO2 capture efficiency of the process as regeneration of the OC in air produces CO2 which cannot be captured. This thesis documents the progress made towards the development of a robust laboratory based system for testing the effects of biomass tars on the long term performance of a chemical-looping combustion process. The work completed in this thesis can be divided into two main areas: the first involved developing optimised fabrication strategies for the production of inexpensive iron-based oxygen carrier particles of high reactivity and robust physical characteristics that could be used in CLC systems utilising biomass as the fuel. The second research focus involved the development of a reactor and analysis protocol for studying the interactions between biomass pyrolysis tars and the cheap, synthetic iron-based oxygen carrier materials. A range of pure iron oxide and iron oxide supported with 40 wt.% Al2O3 oxygen carrier materials were prepared via simple scalable fabrication techniques based on wet granulation for use in CLC systems utilising biomass or gasified biomass as a fuel. The oxygen carrier particles were subjected to rigorous testing using a range of analytical methods to assess their physical and chemical properties and suitability for use in large-scale systems. The effect of fabrication method and alumina precursor material used for producing the supported iron oxide materials were found to have a considerable effect on the physical characteristics and reactivity of the oxygen carrier material. The reduction kinetics (the rate limiting step in the CLC of gaseous fuels) of the different OC materials prepared in this work were assessed using a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). A simple particle model based on the concept of effectiveness factor was applied to determine the intrinsic kinetic information. Preparation of the Al2O3 supported iron oxide oxygen carrier material using a Al(OH)3 alumina precursor gave the most porous oxygen carrier material with the highest surface area. This oxygen carrier was also the most reactive particularly at temperatures above 973 K and demonstrated very good thermal stability at temperatures up to 1173 K. The activation energy of the oxygen carrier was found to increase from 73 kJ mol-1 for the temperature range 823-1073 K to 123 kJ mol-1 at temperatures of 1073-1173 K. The increase in the activation energy was attributed to further conversion of Fe3O4 to FeAl2O4 which was more pronounced at the higher temperature range. Here we propose that the formation of FeAl2O4 was beneficial, acting to enhance the thermal stability, reactivity and oxygen transfer capacity of the iron oxide based oxygen carrier material. A new 500W laboratory-scale, two-stage fixed-bed reactor for simulating CLC with ex situ solid fuel gasification has been designed and constructed. Preliminary studies of the interactions between OC materials consisting of pure iron oxide and 60 wt.% Fe2O3 iron oxide supported on Al2O3 and a gas stream produced from the pyrolysis of biomass to emulate a fuel gas containing large quantities of tars were carried out. The presence of both OC materials at 973 K was found to significantly reduce the amount of biomass tars by up to 71 wt.% in the case of the 60 wt.% Fe2O3/40 wt.% Al2O3 OC material compared with analogous experiments in which the biomass tars were exposed to an inert bed of sand. Exposing the pyrolysis vapours to the oxygen carriers in their oxidised form favoured the production of CO2. The production of CO was favoured when the oxygen carriers were in their reduced forms. Both oxygen carrier materials were affected by carbon deposition. Carbon deposition was removed in the subsequent oxidation phase with no obvious deleterious effects on the reactivity of the oxygen carrier materials after exposure to the pyrolysis gases and vapours.
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Gaus-Liu, Xiaoyang. "High-temperature chlorine corrosion during co-utilisation of coal with biomass or waste." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2008. http://d-nb.info/988382555/04.

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Saint-Joly, Claude. "Vers une amélioration de la rentabilité des installations de biogaz : modélisation technico-économique de la production : utilisation et contribution à la connaissance du procédé en discontinu." Toulouse, INPT, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPT005A.

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Cette recherche s'est fixé pour objectif d'approfondir ce bilan de la situation de la filière biogaz en Europe. Elle s'appuie sur le cas français et sur celui du Portugal, puisque l'auteur a parallèlement effectué, au sein d'un organisme de développement régional portugais un travail de vulgarisation et de promotion de la technologie de production/utilisation du biogaz dans le cadre duquel il a été responsable de la mise en place d'une installation "pilot " utilisant le procédé de digestion en discontinu, dans une coopérative agricole Portugaise. Nous pouvons séparer le travail effectué en 3 parties. La 1ère se propose d'analyser, à partir de l'examen de la filière biogaz en France et au Portugal, les différents types d'obstacles auxquels se heurte la biométhanisation. Les différentes contraintes, technologiques, économiques, socio-économiques et institutionnelles sont ainsi mises en évidence. La 2de porte sur la modélisation technico-économique de la production/utilisation du biogaz. La 3ème partie concerne essentiellement l'analyse des résultats de fonctionnement de l'installation de biogaz de la Coopérative agricole de Barcouço. Elle a conduit à approfondir la préfermentation aérobie des fumiers, étape décisive du procédé de méthanisation des fumiers en discontinu, avec la réalisation d'une expérience menée sur la ferme expérimentale de l'ENSAT, aboutissant à la réalisation d'abaques " Pertes de charge=fonction(vitesse de l'air) " dans le but de permettre un meilleur choix du ventilateur nécessaire pour réaliser cette aération forcée du fumier.
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Books on the topic "Biogas utilisation"

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1960-, Rathore N. S., ed. Biogas, production, management, and utilisation. Delhi: Himanshu Publications, 1992.

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Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia. Sustainability assessment of biomas energy utilisation in selected East Asian countries. Jakarta]: Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia, 2010.

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Frings, R. M. Wastewaters from the bioconversion of biomass: Utilisation and treatment : literature review and problem analysis. Newbury: CPL Press, 1992.

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Hiete, Michael. Challenges for sustainable biomass utilisation: Proceedings of the Chilean-German Biociclo Workshop (Karlsruhe, 26.03.2009). Karlsruhe: KIT Scientific Publ., 2010.

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International Workshop on Thermal Solid Waste Utilisation in Regular and Industrial Facilities (1999 Kazimierz Dolny, Poland). Thermal solid waste utilisation in regular and industrial facilities: [proceedings of the International Workshop on Thermal Solid Waste Utilisation in Regular and Industrial Facilities, held November 28-30, 1999, in Kazimierz Dolny, Poland]. New York: Kluwer Academic, 2000.

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EU-Canada Workshop on Thermal Biomass Processing (2nd 1996). Bio-oil production & utilisation: Proceedings of the 2nd EU-Canada Workshop on Thermal Biomass Processing. Newbury: CPL Press for CANMET Energy, Mines and Resources Canada and European Commission, 1996.

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Saloheimo, Anu. Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a tool in cloning and analysis of fungal genes: Applications for biomass hydrolysis and utilisation. Espoo [Finland]: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 2004.

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V, Bridgwater A., Grassi G. 1929-, and Commission of the European Communities. Directorate-General for Science, Research, and Development. Biomass Unit., eds. Biomass pyrolysis liquids: Upgrading and utilisation. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1991.

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Łucjan, Pawłowski, Dudzińska Marzenna R, and Gonzalez Marjorie A, eds. Thermal solid waste utilisation in regular and industrial facilities. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2000.

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Institute, Natural Resources. Best bets: A strategy for better utilisation of biomass for energy. NRI, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Biogas utilisation"

1

Das, Amar Kumar, and Achyut Kumar Panda. "Effective Utilisation of Kitchen Waste to Biogas by Anaerobic Co-digestion." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0990-2_1.

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Delaide, Boris, Hendrik Monsees, Amit Gross, and Simon Goddek. "Aerobic and Anaerobic Treatments for Aquaponic Sludge Reduction and Mineralisation." In Aquaponics Food Production Systems, 247–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15943-6_10.

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AbstractRecirculating aquaculture systems, as part of aquaponic units, are effective in producing aquatic animals with a minimal water consumption through effective treatment stages. Nevertheless, the concentrated sludge produced after the solid filtration stage, comprising organic matter and valuable nutrients, is most often discarded. One of the latest developments in aquaponic technology aims to reduce this potential negative environmental impact and to increase the nutrient recycling by treating the sludge on-site. For this purpose, microbial aerobic and anaerobic treatments, dealt with either individually or in a combined approach, provide very promising opportunities to simultaneously reduce the organic waste as well as to recover valuable nutrients such as phosphorus. Anaerobic sludge treatments additionally offer the possibility of energy production since a by-product of this process is biogas, i.e. mainly methane. By applying these additional treatment steps in aquaponic units, the water and nutrient recycling efficiency is improved and the dependency on external fertiliser can be reduced, thereby enhancing the sustainability of the system in terms of resource utilisation. Overall, this can pave the way for the economic improvement of aquaponic systems because costs for waste disposal and fertiliser acquisition are decreased.
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Rupp, Martin. "Utilisation of Pyrolysis Liquids in Refineries." In Biomass Pyrolysis Liquids Upgrading and Utilization, 219–25. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3844-4_8.

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Singh nee’ Nigam, Poonam, and Ashok Pandey. "Solid-State Fermentation Technology for Bioconversion of Biomass and Agricultural Residues." In Biotechnology for Agro-Industrial Residues Utilisation, 197–221. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9942-7_10.

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Ståhl, K., M. Neergaard, J. Nieminen, and P. Stratton. "IGCC Power Plant for Biomass Utilisation Värnamo, Sweden." In Developments in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, 1006–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1559-6_81.

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Ananno, Anan Ashrabi, Mahadi Hasan Masud, Mosarrat Mahjabeen, and Peter Dabnichki. "Multi-utilisation of Cow Dung as Biomass." In Sustainable Bioconversion of Waste to Value Added Products, 215–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61837-7_13.

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Lunnan, Anders, Inge Stupak, Antti Asikainen, and Karsten Raulund-Rasmussen. "Introduction To Sustainable Utilisation Of Forest Energy." In Sustainable Use of Forest Biomass for Energy, 1–8. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5054-1_1.

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Lunnan, Anders, Lelde Vilkriste, Gunnar Wilhelmsen, Diana Mizaraite, Antti Asikainen, and Dominik Röser. "Policy And Economic Aspects Of Forest Energy Utilisation." In Sustainable Use of Forest Biomass for Energy, 197–234. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5054-1_8.

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Degré, Richard, Anne Ortiz-Julien, Forbes Wardrop, and Zhigen Zhang. "Production and Utilisation of Yeast Biomass for Wine Fermentation." In Yeasts in the Production of Wine, 263–81. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9782-4_8.

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Kudoh, Yuki, Masayuki Sagisaka, Sau Soon Chen, Jessie C. Elauria, Shabbir H. Gheewala, Udin Hasanudin, Hsien Hui Khoo, et al. "Sustainability Assessment of Biomass Utilisation in East Asian Countries." In Towards Life Cycle Sustainability Management, 413–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1899-9_40.

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Conference papers on the topic "Biogas utilisation"

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Lanzini, Andrea, Pierluigi Leone, and Massimo Santarelli. "Utilisation of Biogas From an Urban Sewage Treatment Plant in a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33104.

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A biogas coming from anaerobic digestion of urban sewage has been used to feed a SOFC planar anode-supported cell. The sewage is produced from the urban area of Torino (IT), and eventually collected and treated by SMAT (the municipal company managing the potable and waste water of the city). The biogas is produced by the thermophilic fermentation of the sludge which remains after the several treatments the sewage goes through in the above-mentioned plant. The biogas is of a high quality: it has on average a a methane content around 65% (the balance being essentially CO2), and the only significant impurity measured is H2S in a range of 70–80 ppm. The as-produced biogas has been used for feeding a planar Ni-YSZ anode-supported SOFC with a LSCF cathode. The biogas desulphurization was accomplished flowing the gas in a fixed-bed reactor, filled with activated. The fuel processing with POX has been assessed to avoid carbon deposition into the Ni-YSZ anode and convert the CH4 into H2 and CO. Short tests to check for eventual anode degradation were performed under typical operating conditions. The cell voltage was always stable under load with the tested mixtures. A cell electrical efficiency around 45% has been measured at 800°C and 80% FU. System simulations have performed as well to assess the whole system configuration under a biogas feeding. Optimization routines have been implemented to predict the best net AC efficiency achievable by a SOFC system running on biogas. Additional considerations on the management of poor LHV biogas mixture have been also assessed, showing how dry-reforming of CH4 with the CO2 already available in the biogas stream would be an excellent option needed to be investigated with further detail in the next future.
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Ginda, Grzegorz, and Marta Szyba. "ADJUSTED INTANGIBILITY-AWARE ASSESSMENT OF THE UTILISATION OF BIOGAS PLANT TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION POTENTIAL." In he International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2020.006.

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Font-Palma, Carolina, George Lychnos, Homam Nikpey Somehsaraei, Paul Willson, and Mohsen Assadi. "Comparison of Performance of Alternative Post Combustion Carbon Capture Processes for a Biogas Fueled Micro Gas Turbine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15558.

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Abstract The urgent need to decrease greenhouse gases (GHG) has prompted countries such as the UK and Norway to commit to net zero emissions by 2050 and 2030, respectively. One of the sectors contributing to GHG emissions is agriculture, by approximately 10% in the EU in 2017. GHG reductions in the production side should involve avoidance at source, reduction of emissions and/or removal of those emissions, with the potential for negative emissions by carbon capture. This paper focuses on the utilisation of agricultural waste that can be converted into biogas, such as livestock and crops residues which represent around 37% of GHG emissions by agriculture in the EU. The biogas can be used to produce electricity and heat in a micro gas turbine (MGT). Then, the exhaust gases can be sent to a carbon capture plant. This offers the potential for integration of waste into energy for in-house use in farms and fosters a circular-bioeconomy, where the captured CO2 could be used in greenhouses to grow vegetables. This could even allow the integration of other renewable technologies, since the MGT offers flexible operation for rapid start-up and shut down or intermittency of other technologies such as solar or wind. Current carbon capture processes are very costly at the smaller scales typical of remote communities. The alternative A3C (advanced cryogenic carbon capture) process is much more economical at smaller scales. The A3C separates CO2 from process gas that flows counter-currently with a cold moving bed, where the CO2 desublimes on the surface of bed material as a thin layer of frost. This allows enhanced heat transfer and avoids heavy build-up of frost that reduces severely the heat transfer. The phase change separation process employed by A3C and the large thermal inertia of the separation medium gives good flexibility of capture for load changes and on-off despatch. This study integrates a combined heat and power MGT, Turbec T100, of 100 kWe output. This include developed models for the MGT using characteristics maps for the compressor and turbine and for the cryogenic carbon capture plant, using two software tools, IPSEpro and Aspen Plus, respectively.
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SISWANTO, ANGGUN, DMITRIY KUVSHINOV, JAGROOP PANDHAL, and WILLIAM ZIMMERMAN. "Application of the Microbubble Enhanced Ozonolysis Technology in Biomass Utilisation." In Fourth International Conference on Advances in Bio-Informatics, Bio-Technology and Environmental Engineering - ABBE 2016. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-091-0-04.

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Li Wang and Suzelle Barrington and Mari Shin. "Utilisation of Biomass Energy Using Biofuel Cell in Waste and Wastewater Treatment." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.16820.

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Swithenbank, Jim. "SUWIC Innovations in Thermal Waste to Energy Technologies." In 12th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec12-2199.

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Sustainable cities require the generation of electrical energy from those fractions of wastes that cannot be economically reused or recycled, including the “carbon dioxide neutral” biomass components. The energy content of these solid materials can be recovered by burning directly or after processing into refuse-derived fuel (RDF). Alternatively, the combustion process can be staged by the production of intermediate fuels using either pyrolysis or gasification. Co-processing of the material with coal generally increases plant utilisation and thus reduces costs.
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Penney, Kevin, and Eltayeb Mohamedelhassan. "Utilisation of coal/biomass fly ash in the control and treatment of acid mine drainage." In Sixth International Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1152_47_penney.

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Neykov, Nikolay, Petar Antov, and Viktor Savov. "Circular economy opportunities for economic efficiency improvement in wood-based panel industry." In 11th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2020“. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2020.493.

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The enhanced technological possibilities to utilise wood waste and residues in the production of wood-based panels can help towards the transition to a circular, low-carbon bioeconomy. The cascading use of wood resources, defined as “the efficient utilisation of resources by using residues and recycled materials for material use to extend total biomass availability within a given system” is one of the leading principles for achieving this goal. The wood-based panel industry is characterised by significant amounts of waste and residues that present a great volume potential for cascading. The aim of the present study is to define the basic guidelines for cascading use of wood waste from the production of wood-based panels and analyse the economic impact in terms of economic efficiency in line with the circular and bioeconomy principles. Time series analysis of wood waste and raw material flows in the Republic of Bulgaria, economic assessment of the current utilisation of wood waste in the wood-based panel industry along with comparative analysis of the potential utilization methods have been presented. The existing technical and market barriers to the cascading use of wood have also been discussed.
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Minchener, A. J. "An Overview of Recent Clean Coal Gasification Technology R&D Activities Supported by the European Commission." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-163.

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Gasification combined cycle has the potential to provide a clean, high efficiency, low environmental impact power generation system. A prime fuel for such systems is coal but there is scope in part to utilise renewable energy sources including biomass and waste materials such as sewage sludge or even oil residues. There is considerable scope to improve the performance of the first generation systems of gasification combined cycle plant, both through design changes and through the continued development towards second generation plant. Such improvements offer the prospect of even better efficiency, coal/biomass/waste utilisation flexibility, lower emissions especially of CO2, and lower economic cost of power generation. There have been several major R&D initiatives, supported in part by the European Commission, which have been designed to meet these aims. The approach adopted has been to form multi-partner project teams comprising industry, industrial research organisations and selected universities. The main technical issues that have been considered include co-gasification, e.g. co-feeding, fuel conversion, gas quality, contaminants, component developments, and the integration of hot fuel gas cleaning systems for removal of solid particles, control of sulphur emissions, control of fuel bound nitrogenous species, removal of halides and control of alkali species. The technical R&D activities have been underpinned by several major techno-economic assessment studies. This paper provides an overview of these various activities which either form part of the European Commission JOULE Coal R&D Programme or were supported under an APAS special initiative.
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Karlovits, Igor. "Lignocellulosic bio-refinery downstream products in future packaging applications." In 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design,, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2020-p2.

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The concept of efficient utilisation of renewable bio-based materials (biomass feedstock) is the driving force in the green transformation to a more sustainable and circular society. Biorefineries or biochemical platforms convert and utilise different sources of biomass into fuels and other beneficial derivates like fibres and other bio-based chemicals. These can be used as building blocks for many potentially useful applications. In this review, we shall describe the current state of the art and trends in the conversion of lignocellulosic feedstock into materials which can be primarily used in packaging applications. The three main constituents (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) are being re-engineered into new products with higher added value. The main goal of all these downstream products is that they do not compete with animal feed and food applications. The main downstream products of different kind of transformations are different natural fibres which can be further processed into micro or nano fibrillated state and used for a broad application of fields from ink, adhesive and packaging materials. Also, fibres and its derivates can be bonded successfully into bio-composites or fibre-based foams applications for the protective packaging applications. Hemicellulose, as a second most abundant component, has been researched for applications in adhesives and paper and paperboard coatings. Lignin which is currently utilised as an energy source for the paper industry, has been recently actively researched. Lignin-based biopolymers have a potential to be used in many different applications from additives in the barrier coatings on the packaging to active packaging and even as lignin-based foams. All these applications are currently in the development stages and cover niche market segments, but are expected to grow and to be used in future markets.
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