Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biogeographic realms

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Biogeographic realms'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 September 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Biogeographic realms"

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Blanchet, Simon, Fabien Leprieur, Olivier Beauchard, Jan Staes, Thierry Oberdorff, and Sébastien Brosse. "Broad-scale determinants of non-native fish species richness are context-dependent." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, no. 1666 (2009): 2385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.0156.

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Identifying the factors determining the non-native species richness (NNSR) in a given area is essential for preventing species invasions. The relative importance of human-related and natural factors considered for explaining NNSR might depend upon both the spatial scale (i.e. the extent of the gradients sampled) and the historical context of the area surveyed. Here, using a worldwide database of freshwater fish occurrences, we tested whether the relative influence of human and ecological determinants of non-native fish species establishment at the scale of the biogeographic realm was consisten
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Dowding, Elizabeth M., and Malte C. Ebach. "Evaluating Devonian bioregionalization: quantifying biogeographic areas." Paleobiology 45, no. 4 (2019): 636–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2019.30.

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AbstractThe work of Arthur J. Boucot (vale, 1924–2017) is foundational to Devonian biogeography. Cited more than 1000 times and mentioned in excess of 105,000 times, his classification of the Old World, Eastern Americas, and Malvinokaffric realms has become the framework for Devonian biogeographic and faunal studies. This study is the first to test and quantify the biotic area classification using the distributional data of trilobite, brachiopod, and fish taxa across the Lower, Middle, and Late Devonian. The biotic similarity analysis of 676 genera (ca. 30,000 occurrences) of late Silurian (Lu
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Harper, David A. T., and Michael R. Sandy. "Paleozoic Brachiopod Biogeography." Paleontological Society Papers 7 (November 2001): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600000978.

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Over two hundred years ago the Swedish scientist Carl Linnæus (1781), in an analysis of the biogeographic patterns of living organisms, suggested that all species originated in Paradise. Although there has been considerable progress in the understanding of biogeographical patterns during the intervening two centuries, modern debate has focused on the general applicability of the concept of faunal realms together with the relevance of dispersal, panbiogeographic, and vicariance models (Nelson and Platnick, 1981). To date, studies of Paleozoic brachiopod biogeography have no strong theoretical b
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Arfianti, Tri, and Mark John Costello. "The distribution of benthic amphipod crustaceans in Indonesian seas." PeerJ 9 (August 30, 2021): e12054. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12054.

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Amphipod crustaceans are an essential component of tropical marine biodiversity. However, their distribution and biogeography have not been analysed in one of the world’s largest tropical countries nested in the Coral Triangle, Indonesia. We collected and identified amphipod crustaceans from eight sites in Indonesian waters and combined the results with data from 32 additional sites in the literature. We analysed the geographic distribution of 147 benthic amphipod crustaceans using cluster analysis and the ‘Bioregions Infomaps’ neural network method of biogeographic discrimination. We found fi
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McLean, Matthew, Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Sébastien Villéger, et al. "Trait similarity in reef fish faunas across the world’s oceans." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 12 (2021): e2012318118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012318118.

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Species’ traits, rather than taxonomic identities, determine community assembly and ecosystem functioning, yet biogeographic patterns have been far less studied for traits. While both environmental conditions and evolutionary history shape trait biogeography, their relative contributions are largely unknown for most organisms. Here, we explore the global biogeography of reef fish traits for 2,786 species from 89 ecoregions spanning eight marine realms with contrasting environmental conditions and evolutionary histories. Across realms, we found a common structure in the distribution of species
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Boucot, A. J., Heinrich Bahlburg, Christoph Breitkreuz, Peter E. Isaacson, Hans Niemeyer, and Felipe Urzua. "Devonian brachiopods from northern Chile." Journal of Paleontology 69, no. 2 (1995): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000034594.

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Fossiliferous marine Devonian has been known in Chile for less than a decade. The initial discovery from south of the Salar de Atacama region, in the Sierra de Almeida, northern Chile is described together with its brachiopods. The brachiopods indicate an age span of Emsian–Eifelian or Givetian, shallow-water conditions in the Benthic Assemblage 2 range, and a biogeographic boundary region between the cool climate Malvinokaffric Realm and warmer region extra-Malvinokaffric Realms, including the Eastern Americas Realm and the Rhenish-Bohemian Region of the Old World Realm. The recent discovery
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KRASNOV, BORIS R., DANIEL KIEFER, ELIZABETH M. WARBURTON, and IRINA S. KHOKHLOVA. "Szidat's rule re-tested: relationships between flea and host phylogenetic clade ranks in four biogeographic realms." Parasitology 143, no. 6 (2016): 723–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182016000159.

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SUMMARYWe tested Szidat's rule (the more primitive the host, the more primitive the parasites it harbours) by analysing the relationships between phylogenetic clade ranks of fleas and their small mammalian hosts in four biogeographic realms (Afrotropics, Neotropics, Nearctic and Palearctic). From the host perspective, we tested the association between host clade rank and the mean clade rank of all fleas collected from this host. From the flea perspective, we tested the relationships between flea clade rank and the mean clade rank of hosts on which this flea was recorded. First, we tested wheth
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Igea, J., and A. J. Tanentzap. "Multiple macroevolutionary routes to becoming a biodiversity hotspot." Science Advances 5, no. 2 (2019): eaau8067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau8067.

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Why is species diversity so unevenly distributed across different regions on Earth? Regional differences in biodiversity may stem from differences in rates of speciation and dispersal and colonization times, but these hypotheses have rarely been tested simultaneously at a global scale. Our study reveals the macroevolutionary routes that have generated hotspots of mammal and bird biodiversity by analyzing the tempo and mode of diversification and dispersal within major biogeographic realms. Hotspots in tropical realms had higher rates of speciation, whereas those in temperate realms received mo
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Soultan, Alaaeldin, Martin Wikelski, and Kamran Safi. "Classifying biogeographic realms of the endemic fauna in the Afro‐Arabian region." Ecology and Evolution 10, no. 16 (2020): 8669–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6562.

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Blodgett, Robert B., Jiřá Frýda, and Patrick R. Racheboeuf. "Upper Middle Devonian (Givetian) gastropods from the Kersadiou Formation, Brittany, France." Journal of Paleontology 73, no. 6 (1999): 1081–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000031000.

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Gastropods are described for the first time from the Kersadiou Formation (middle Givetian) in the vicinity of Brest, Brittany, northwestern France. Twenty-three species of gastropods are recognized. New taxa include the new genera, Calvibembexia, Kersadiella, Breizospira, Finisterella, Parahormotomina, and Nodoloxonema, represented by the new species Calvibembexia lethiersi, Kersadiella babini, Breizospira crozonensis, Finisterella tibidiensis, Parahormotomina sibertae, and Nodoloxonema plusquelleci. Further new species include: Sinuitina (Sinuitina) morzadeci, Crenistriella armoricana, Patell
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biogeographic realms"

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Su, Guohuan. "Cartographie de la biodiversité mondiale, profilage des espèces envahissantes et élaboration d'un indice global du changement de la biodiversité basé sur les facettes taxonomiques, fonctionnelles et phylogénétiques de la biodiversité des poissons d'eau douce." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30292.

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La biodiversité est un concept à multiples facettes qui comprend trois composantes principales, à savoir la diversité taxonomique, phylogénétique et fonctionnelle. Les études biogéographiques ont jusqu'à présent accordé plus d'attention aux deux premières facettes tandis que les déterminants de la diversité fonctionnelle et ses changements sous l'effet de l'anthropisation restent largement inconnus à l'échelle du globe. Ces lacunes sont particulièrement importantes pour les poissons d'eau douce, car ils représentent non seulement un quart des vertébrés et soutiennent le fonctionnement et la st
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Crisóstomo, Luísa João Pereira. "Análise biogeográfica da dieta de um predador de topo ao longo da região Paleártica." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18927.

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Existem vários estudos sobre a dieta de predadores de topo a uma escala local, mas o estudo da dieta de uma espécie ao longo de diferentes regiões geográficas poderá permitir a deteção de certos padrões e variações ecológicas. Para estudar a variação biogeográfica da dieta do bufo-real (Bubo bubo) ao longo do Paleártico criou-se uma base de dados baseada em 192 estudos. Pretendia-se analisar padrões em macro-escala de descritores da dieta e avaliar o efeito de diferentes condições ambientais, de descritores da paisagem e da disponibilidade de presas. Registaram-se 346813 presas de 698 espécies
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Books on the topic "Biogeographic realms"

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MacKinnon, John Ramsay. Review of the protected areas system in the Afrotropical realm. IUCN, 1986.

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Ebach, Malte. Reinvention of Australasian Biogeography. CSIRO Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486304844.

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Biogeography, the study of the distribution of life on Earth, has undergone more conceptual changes, revolutions and turf wars than any other scientific field. Australasian biogeographers are responsible for several of these great upheavals, including debates on cladistics, panbiogeography and the drowning of New Zealand, some of which have significantly shaped present-day studies. 
 Australasian biogeography has been caught in a cycle of reinvention that has lasted for over 150 years. The biogeographic research making headlines today is merely a shadow of past practices, having barely ad
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Worm, Boris, and Derek P. Tittensor. A Theory of Global Biodiversity (MPB-60). Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691154831.001.0001.

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The number of species found at a given point on the planet varies by orders of magnitude, yet large-scale gradients in biodiversity appear to follow some very general patterns. Little mechanistic theory has been formulated to explain the emergence of observed gradients of biodiversity both on land and in the oceans. Based on a comprehensive empirical synthesis of global patterns of species diversity and their drivers, this book develops and applies a new theory that can predict such patterns from few underlying processes. The book shows that global patterns of biodiversity fall into four consi
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Beaugrand, Gregory. Plankton Biodiversity and Biogeography. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199233267.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses the biodiversity and main biogeographic patterns of marine plankton, the causes of such patterns, as well as factors that influence spatial and temporal plankton distribution. Plankton are influenced by a large number of environmental factors and as a result are not distributed randomly in the oceans and seas. Plankton biodiversity is constrained by hydroclimatic parameters such as temperature, bathymetry, and oceanic surface currents or large-scale hydrodynamic features such as the subarctic gyre. Plankton also follow most of the main divisions of the pelagic realm. The
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Hazarika, Manjil. Northeast India as an Indigenous Centre for the Domestication of Plants and Animals. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199474660.003.0006.

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Northeast India is situated at the nexus of the South Asian, Southeast Asian, and East Asian biogeographical realms and harbours diverse biota, providing a unique opportunity to archaeologists and anthropologists for the study of the relationship between humans and their environment over the ages. Moreover, this region, the abode of diverse ethnic groups with diverse cultures and customs, hints at a long history of continuous and close association between humans and nature, which is important in the understanding of plant and animal domestication. Genetic analysis of present-day domesticates w
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Book chapters on the topic "Biogeographic realms"

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Berry, Colin, Jason M. Meyer, Marjorie A. Hoy, et al. "Biogeographic Realms." In Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_310.

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Pickford, Martin. "Dynamics of Old World Biogeographic Realms During the Neogene: Implications for Biostratigraphy." In European Neogene Mammal Chronology. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2513-8_24.

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Ignaciuk, Przemysław, and Adam Dziomdziora. "Intelligent Planning of Logistic Networks to Counteract Uncertainty Propagation." In Computational Science – ICCS 2021. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77970-2_27.

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AbstractA major obstacle to stable and cost-efficient management of goods distribution systems is the bullwhip effect – reinforced demand uncertainty propagating among system nodes. In this work, by solving a formally established optimization problem, it is shown how one can mitigate the bullwhip effect, at the same minimizing transportation costs, in modern logistic networks with complex topologies. The flow of resources in the analyzed network is governed by the popular order-up-to inventory policy, which thrives to maintain sufficient stock at the nodes to answer a priori unknown, uncertain demand. The optimization objective is to decide how intensive a given transport channel should be used so that unnecessary goods relocation and the bullwhip effect are avoided while being able to fulfill demand requests. The computationally challenging optimization task is solved using a population-based evolutionary technique – Biogeography-Based Optimization. The results are verified in extensive simulations of a real-world transportation network.
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Worm, Boris, and Derek P. Tittensor. "Conclusions." In A Theory of Global Biodiversity (MPB-60). Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691154831.003.0007.

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This concluding chapter summarizes the book's major findings and presents some final thoughts. Among these findings is clear evidence that global biodiversity organizes into distinct patterns within four major biogeographic realms: coastal, pelagic, deep ocean, and land. Taxonomically distinct species groups tended to show similar patterns of biodiversity at large scales within each of these four realms. A body of theory was devised that might explain observed biodiversity patterns within and across taxa. This theory suggests that only two variables are required to predict the majority of first-order patterns of biodiversity on our planet: ambient temperature and community size. Temperature primarily affects the rate of community turnover and the speed of evolution, while community size determines the number of individuals on which evolutionary processes can act.
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Halsband, Claudia, Shane T. Ahyong, Angelika Brandt, et al. "Biogeography of the Oceans." In Evolution and Biogeography. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190637842.003.0006.

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This chapter summarizes global patterns and mechanisms of both ecological and historical crustacean biogeography resulting in the contemporary species distributions described over the past decades. In the pelagic realm, hydrographic features such as ocean currents, physical depth profiles, and latitudinal temperature gradients are major structuring elements, as well as selection pressure exerted by the environment and species interactions, which have resulted in speciation over evolutionary time. Benthic crustacean distributions are additionally constrained longitudinally by continental barriers and submarine features such as ridges and seamounts. The main biogeographic patterns of both benthic and pelagic crustaceans are described for all ocean basins and the polar regions, of which the Indian Ocean is the least well studied. The Copepoda and Decapoda are generally represented with the highest number of described species, followed by Amphipoda and Isopoda. Life cycles with pelagic larvae (e.g., decapods and stomatopods) increase dispersal and enable wide distributions, while a lack of dispersive larvae promotes endemism in benthic forms (e.g., amphipods). Restricted regions with high species richness and endemism, such as the “coral triangle” (the Indo-Australian Archipelago), the Red Sea, and the Mediterranean, represent important biodiversity hotspots. Endemics are also suitable markers for past earth history events. Only a few studies cover the biogeography of crustacean taxa in all of the world’s oceans, but a few exceptions exist for decapods, amphipods, and isopods. Although the world’s oceans have been reasonably well studied for crustacean distribution and diversity, species complexes and cryptic species lacking morphological diagnostic features leave us with a large number of unconsolidated taxa. Emerging molecular tools may be able to assist with refinement of nomenclature and hence increase the resolution of crustacean biogeography in the future.
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Tilman, David. "Interspecific competition and multispecies coexistence." In Theoretical Ecology. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199209989.003.0010.

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Interspecific competition is an interaction in which species inhibit each other such that increased abundance of one species leads to lower growth rates of the other species. Numerous field studies have shown that interspecific competition is a major force determining species abundances for a wide variety of taxa in many different ecosystems (Harper, 1977; Tilman, 1982; Connell, 1983; Schoener, 1983; Aarssen and Epp, 1990; Goldberg and Barton, 1992; Casper and Jackson, 1997; Miller et al., 2005). Predator–prey interactions can also be of simultaneous importance in determining the abundances and dynamics of species (e.g. Sih et al., 1986), as can host–pathogen interactions (e.g. Hassell and Anderson, 1989; Hochberg et al., 1990; Dobson and Crawley, 1995; Mitchell and Powers, 2003) and mutualistic interactions (e.g. Kawanabe et al., 1993; Richardson et al., 2000; Stachowicz, 2001). Although this chapter focuses on competition, all types of interaction operate simultaneously in nature. Much of the early and continuing interest in competition has centered on how so many competing species coexist. G.E. Hutchinson (1959, 1961) posed the paradox of the plankton, asking how 30 or more species of algae could coexist in a few milliliters of lake or ocean water when there were only one, two, or three limiting resources and when the open waters of lakes and oceans were so homogeneous because of wind-driven mixing. Theory predicted that no more species could coexist than there were limiting factors or resources (e.g. MacArthur and Levins, 1964; Levin, 1970; Armstrong and McGehee, 1980). The same paradox occurred for terrestrial plants and animals. The Earth’s 250 000 species of vascular plants compete for a few limiting factors (usually a subset of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, water, and light).Alarge part of their diversity can, of course, be explained by the heterogeneity seen along major continental-scale and smaller-scale spatial gradients (Tilman, 1988). Expressed another way, these 250 000 vascular species are spread among perhaps 50 different biomes that occur in each of the five major biogeographic realms of Earth. One might expect different species in different biomes because of their differing climates.
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Dengler, Jürgen, Idoia Biurrun, Steffen Boch, Iwona Dembicz, and Péter Török. "Grasslands of the Palaearctic Biogeographic Realm: Introduction and Synthesis." In Encyclopedia of the World's Biomes. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.12432-7.

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A. Caires, Taiara, and Helen Michelle de J. Affe. "Brazilian Coast: A Significant Gap in the Knowledge of Cyanobacteria and Their Applications." In Cyanobacteria - Recent Advances in Taxonomy, Ecology and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97151.

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Brazil has 10.959 km of coastline which includes three ecoregions based on the biogeographic system, exhibiting a wide range of environments that favor the occurrence of numerous cyanobacterial morpho- and ecotypes. These organisms have a great adaptive capacity, which explains their occupancy in numerous environments and the high diversification of the group. Historically, the cyanobacteria have been classified only based on morphology, which makes their taxonomy quite challenging. There is usually little morphological variation between taxa, which makes it difficult to identify diacritical characteristics between some genera and species, making intergeneric and intraspecific delimitation tough. Thereby, the polyphasic approach based on different tools allows the identification of new taxa and the reassessment of those already established with more reliability, contributing to a better systematic resolution of the world ‘cyanoflora’, a term that we propose herein to describe the diversity of Cyanobacteria into Phycoflora area. However, the use of these tools is still not widely applied to most genera and species, especially those from tropical and subtropical environments, which has limited the real recognition of their biodiversity, as well as the knowledge about the cyanobacteria’s evolutionary history and biogeography. In Brazil, even with the great development of phycological studies, the knowledge about Cyanobacteria from marine benthic environments has not evolved to the same degree. This phylum has been neglected in floristic surveys, presenting only 46 benthic species reported to the long Brazilian coastline, evidencing the still incipient knowledge about the diversity and distribution of this microorganism’s group. Furthermore, biotechnological properties of Brazilian marine cyanobacteria are still almost completely unknown, with only three studies carried out to date, underestimating one of the most diverse groups and with promising potential for the possibility of isolating new biochemically active compounds. The ten new taxa related to the Brazilian coast in the last decade emphasizes the challenge of conducting further floristic surveys in the underexplored marine environments in order to fill an important lacune in the cyanoflora knowledge, as well as their biogeographic distribution and biotechnological potential. Besides, the recognition of the Brazilian cyanoflora makes an important contribution to the understanding of the functioning and monitoring of marine ecosystems and provide data for the construction of future public policies, which is a goal of the United Nations Decade for Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.
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Peterson, A. Townsend, Jorge Soberón, Richard G. Pearson, et al. "Linking Niches with Evolutionary Processes." In Ecological Niches and Geographic Distributions (MPB-49). Princeton University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691136868.003.0015.

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This chapter examines how the process of ecological niche evolution and diversification helps us better understand ecology, biogeography, and biodiversity. It first considers how species respond to changes in the environmental substrate on which the niches are manifested before discussing the concept of niche conservatism as well as tests of conservatism in areas such as species invasions and comparison of the ecological niche requirements of sister–species pairs. It then explores how temporal change in niche dimensions occurs, how it can be studied, and what can be learned. It also describes some of the challenges associated with applications of ecological niche modeling in the realm of evolution and concludes by outlining future directions for research.
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Roy, Provas Kumar, Moumita Pradhan, and Tandra Pal. "Evolutionary Algorithms for Economic Load Dispatch Having Multiple Types of Cost Functions." In Handbook of Research on Natural Computing for Optimization Problems. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0058-2.ch009.

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This chapter presents various novel evolutionary algorithms, namely Real Coded Genetic Algorithm (RGA), two variants of Biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO), and three variants of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in order to find the optimal power generation scheduling to simultaneously optimize fuel cost and power loss for solving constrained economic load dispatch problems of all thermal systems, considering multiple fuel operation and valve point effect. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is demonstrated in five different ELD problems, considering different constraints such as transmission losses, ramp rate limits, multi-fuel options and valve point loading. Comparative studies are carried out to examine the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approaches. A comparison of simulation results reveals optimization usefulness of the proposed BBO scheme over other well established population based optimization techniques. It is also found that the convergence characteristics of the BBO algorithm are better than other optimization methods.
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