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Journal articles on the topic 'Biological extracts'
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Islam, Mohammad Emdadul, Tofail Ahmed Chowdhury, Nasim Sultana, Abul Hasnat Muhammad Solaiman, and SM Anamul Arefin. "Biological activity studies of Sensevieria hyacinthoides extracts." Asian-Australasian Journal of Bioscience and Biotechnology 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/aajbb.v5i1.53857.
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Biological activity was studied of the different solvent extracts such as n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and methanol extracts of the rhizomes of Sensevieria hyacinthoides. The cytotoxic potential were examined by using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Ethyl acetate extract exhibited quite potent activity in brine shrimp lethality bioassay with LC50 1.95 μg/mL, respectively. These result suggested that it might contain antitumor or cytotoxic agent. The ethyl acetate extract showed significant free radical scavenging activity with IC50 10.51 μg/mL and demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity. The free radical scavenging activity of the solvent extracts (n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) were assayed by using DPPH method. The IC50 for Vit-c (Ascorbic acid) and ethyl acetate extract were found to be 3.91 and 10.51 μg/mL, respectively.
Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (1), 15-20
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Kavalcioğrlu, Neslihan, Leyla Açık, Fatih Demirci, Betül Demirci, Hülya Demir, and K. Hüsnü Can Başer. "Biological Activities of Bellis perennis Volatiles and Extracts." Natural Product Communications 5, no. 1 (January 2010): 1934578X1000500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1000500134.
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Different parts of Bellis perennis were subjected to hydrodistillation and the products were subsequently analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Aqueous and methanol extracts were prepared from the aerial parts. Antioxidant [1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, reducing activity, total antioxidant] and antimicrobial activity of the plant materials were studied. The aqueous extracts showed higher DPPH scavenging activity (85.8% at 102.5 μg/mL) than the methanol extract. Reducing power was also observed for both tested extracts, where the formation of linoleic acid peroxides was more for the aqueous extract than the methanol extract. Antimicrobial activities of all plant materials were evaluated at varying concentrations against a panel of pathogens, but without pronounced inhibitory effect.
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Hassanein, M. M. M., F. S. Taha, S. M. Wagdy, and S. F. Hamed. "Evaluation of the biological activity of sunflower hull extracts." Grasas y Aceites 63, no. 2 (April 18, 2012): 184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.072111.
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Pisano, Maria Barbara, Sofia Cosentino, Silvia Viale, Delia Spanò, Angela Corona, Francesca Esposito, Enzo Tramontano, et al. "Biological Activities of Aerial Parts Extracts ofEuphorbia characias." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1538703.
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The aim of the present study was to evaluate antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-HIV, and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of aqueous and alcoholic extracts from leaves, stems, and flowers ofEuphorbia characias. The extracts showed a high antioxidant activity and were a good source of total polyphenols and flavonoids. Ethanolic extracts from leaves and flowers displayed the highest inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, showing potential properties against Alzheimer’s disease. Antimicrobial assay showed that leaves and flowers extracts were active against all Gram-positive bacteria tested. The ethanolic leaves extract appeared to have the strongest antibacterial activity againstBacillus cereuswith MIC value of 312.5 μg/mL followed byListeria monocytogenesandStaphylococcus aureusthat also exhibited good sensitivity with MIC values of 1250 μg/mL. Moreover, all the extracts possessed anti-HIV activity. The ethanolic flower extract was the most potent inhibitor of HIV-1 RT DNA polymerase RNA-dependent and Ribonuclease H with IC50values of 0.26 and 0.33 μg/mL, respectively. The LC-DAD metabolic profile showed that ethanolic leaves extract contains high levels of quercetin derivatives. This study suggests thatEuphorbia characiasextracts represent a good source of natural bioactive compounds which could be useful for pharmaceutical application as well as in food system for the prevention of the growth of food-borne bacteria and to extend the shelf-life of processed foods.
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Vélez, Elington, Haydelba D’Armas, Carmita Jaramillo-Jaramillo, Ana Paola Echavarría-Vélez, and Chinwe Christy Isitua. "Fitoquímica De Lippia Citriodora K cultivada en Ecuador y su actividad biológica.// Phytochemistry of Lippia citriodora K grown in Ecuador and its biological activity." CIENCIA UNEMI 12, no. 29 (January 31, 2019): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29076/issn.2528-7737vol12iss29.2019pp9-19p.
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Se realizó un estudio fitoquímico de metabolitos secundarios, actividad antimicrobiana y letal del extracto metanólico de las partes botánicas de Lippia citriodora K (cedrón). Se detectó la presencia taninos, polifenoles, triterpenos y esteroles insaturados para las hojas, flores y tallo; fenilpropanoides y catequinas para tallos y flores; alcaloides para hojas y flores; saponinas para hojas y tallos. Además, las flores exhibieron la presencia de cumarinas y metilencetonas. Todos los extractos metanólicos mostraron una acción bactericida alta contra cepas de Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a excepción del extracto de las flores que exhibió una actividad antibacteriana moderada o mediana contra cepas de S. aureus. Además, se observó un efecto antifúngico moderado del extracto de las hojas, y una actividad alta de los extractos del tallo y flores, contra la cepa del hongo Candida albicans. Todos los extractos mostraron letalidad significativa (<1000 µg/ml) frente a nauplios de Artemia salina a las 24 h de exposición (168,77, 82,19 y 172,76 µg/ml para las hojas, tallo y flores, respectivamente); donde el extracto del tallo presentó mayor letalidad con CL50 de 82,19 µg/ml, considerado altamente tóxico según CYTED. Se puede inferir que la especie L. citriodora es una fuente promisoria de metabolitos secundarios bioactivos con actividad farmacológica.AbstractThis research was based on a phytochemical study of secondary metabolites, lethal and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of botanical organs Lippia citriodora K (lemon verbena). It was detected the presence of tannins, polyphenols, triterpenes and unsaturated sterols for leaves, flowers and stem; phenylpropanoids and catechins for stems and flowers; alkaloids for leaves and flowers; saponins for leaves and stems. In addition, the flowers exhibited the presence of coumarins and methylenketones. Methanolic extracts showed high bactericidal action against strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in the antimicrobial bioassay, except for the flowers which exhibited moderate activity against S. aureus strains. Furthermore, moderate antifungal effect was observed for leaves extract and high activity for stem and flowers extracts against the strain of Candida albicans fungus. All extracts showed significant lethality (<1000 μg/ml) against A. salina nauplii at 24 h of exposure (168.77, 82.19 and 172.76 μg/mL for leaves, stems and flowers, respectively); where the methanolic extract of the stem showed the highest lethality with LC50 value of 82.19 μg/ml, considered highly toxic according to CYTED. It can be inferred that L. citriodora is a promising source of bioactive secondary metabolites with pharmacological activity.
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Riaz, Muhammad, Humaira Fatima, Muhammad Misbah ur Rehman, Rahman Qadir, Shabbir Hussain, Abdul Hafeez, and Abu Bakar Siddique. "Appraisal of antioxidant potential and biological studies of bogan bail (Bougainvillea glabra) leaf extracts using different solvents." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 39, No. 3 (June 29, 2021): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/273/2020-cjfs.
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Current research work was performed to evaluate the antioxidant, antidiabetic, thrombolytic, and cytotoxic potential of Bougainvillea glabra leaf extracts with different solvents. Extraction of leaves was carried out by maceration using solvents of various polarity such as n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and methanol. The highest values of total phenolic and flavonoid contents were assessed in methanolic extract, such as 58.57% and 29.41%, respectively. Antioxidant potential was measured by DPPH free radical, showing 65.16% scavenging activity in methanolic extract. Similarly, the reducing power of methanolic extract was also measured. Hemolytic activity of B. glabra leaf extracts was evaluated, and maximum percentage lysis was found as 6.86% in chloroform extract. The thrombolytic activity of B. glabra leaf extracts was evaluated against human red blood cells, and the maximum percentage of clot lysis was 59.10% in chloroform extract. Maximum antidiabetic activity (16.20%) was observed in methanolic extract. Overall, the presented results reveal that bogan bail extract is capable of being employed in nutra-pharmaceutical industry.
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Aziz, Shahid, Hidayat Hussain, Anisa Younis, Habib Ur-Rehman, Muhammad Shahid, Arshad Farooq Butt, and Ivan R. Green. "Phytochemical and Biological Evaluation of Justica adhatoda." International Journal of Phytomedicine 9, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5138/09750185.1875.
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<p>Phytochemical and biological investigations were undertaken on ethanolic extracts of the leaves and root bark of <em>Justica adhatoda </em>L<em>.</em> Alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, steroids and saponins were detected in extracts from both parts of the title plant. Reducing sugars were not detected in either extract whereas flavonoids were detected in ethanolic extract of <em>J. adhatota </em>leaves only. Significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and Aspergillus <em>niger</em> were demonstrated by both the leaf and root bark extracts. Additionally, both extracts displayed good antioxidant and heomolytic potential. Interestingly, eight metal ions were detected in both extracts in different concentrations.</p>
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Sevimli-Gur, Canan, Yuksel Gezgin, Ahmet Oz, Shaymaa Al Sharqi, Zinar Pinar Gumus, and Nurhan Turgut Dunford. "Biological Activity of the Extracts from Pecan Shelling Industry Byproducts." Transactions of the ASABE 64, no. 3 (2021): 869–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.14439.
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HighlightsThe first study on characterization of the extracts obtained from industrial pecan nut processing byproducts.Chemical composition and biological activity of the extracts varied with type of byproduct and the pecan cultivars used in the process.Pecan shell extracts exhibited anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity.Abstract. Industrial processing of pecan nuts produces large amounts of shells, which have economic significance for pecan growers and processors. Hence, it is imperative that valorization of pecan processing byproducts is explored. In this study, byproducts from commercial pecan shelling operations were evaluated as potential sources of biologically active phytochemicals. Shelling byproducts from Pawnee, Native, and Stuart cultivars were examined. Aqueous ethanol shell extracts were analyzed for their chemical composition using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS). Total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging capacity, anticancer activity, and antimicrobial activity of the samples were investigated. The chemical composition and biological activity of the shell extracts varied significantly with the pecan cultivar and type of byproduct stream used in the study. The presence of nut meat pieces in the byproducts resulted in high oil content in the extracts. The extract from Pawnee cultivar showed high DDPH activity, low IC50 for cancer cell lines, and high IC50 for the healthy cell line (Vero). Extracts from all cultivars had antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli at relatively high disk loadings. This is the first study on the biological activity of extracts obtained from commercial pecan shelling byproducts. The findings of this study have significant practical implications and provide the initial data much needed for valorization of industrial pecan shelling byproducts. Keywords: Anticancer activity, Antimicrobial activity, Chemical composition, Pecan shell extract.
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Teyeb, Hassen, Olfa Houta, Hanen Najjaa, Ali Lamari, Mohamed Neffati, Wahiba Douki, and Mohamed Fadhel Najjar. "Biological and Chemical Study of Astragalus gombiformis." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 67, no. 7-8 (August 1, 2012): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2012-7-803.
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Extracts of aerial parts and roots of wild Astragalus gombiformis Pomel were tested for their antibacterial, antioxidant, and insecticidal activities and contents of phenolic compounds. Antibacterial activity was tested by the paper disk agar diffusion method and determination of the minimal inhibitor concentration. Among the tested extracts, three extracts (methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate) from aerial parts and two extracts (water, methanol) from roots exhibited diameters of inhibition zone equal or above 12 mm (at 150 μg/ disk) and minimal inhibitor concentrations ranging between 233 and 1250 μg/ml. Spectrophotometric and HPLC analyses showed that contents of both total polyphenols and flavonoids, as well as antioxidant activity were higher in the methanolic extract of aerial parts as compared to roots. No insecticidal activity of the extracts of the aerial parts was found against Culex pipiens.
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Vien, Do Thi Hoa, and Phung Thi Thuy. "Research on Biological Activity of some Extracts from Vietnamese Carica papaya Leaves." ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering 12, no. 2 (February 7, 2013): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ajche.49742.
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Carica papaya leaves have long been used in some folk remedies to treat cancer. This folk remedy originated from Queensland - Australia from 1978 (Harald W. Tietze, 1997). In Vietnam, there are some successful cases of using Carica papaya leaves for cancer treatment even though this mediation do not always work out. In this study, the soluble substances in water (aqueous extract), the carotenoid and the polar substances (polar extract) were extracted from Carica papaya leaves grown in Vietnam; the bioassays such as cytotoxicity on some tumor cell lines as well as antioxidant activity were also tested with obtained extracts. The results showed that all obtained extracts had antioxidant activity stronger than the control substance - vitamin C at the same tested concentration. At concentration of 100 μg/ml, the inhibitive activity on lung cancer cell line LU-1 of obtained extracts was highest, from 43.47% (aqueous extract) to 62.88% (polar extract). On carcinoma cell line KB, inhibitive ability of extracts was lower: 2.8% (polar extract) and 20.6% (aqueous extract). On the breast cancer cells MCF7, inhibitive ability of above extracts was quite high, from 33.95% to 56.19%. On the leukemia cell line HL 60, inhibitive ability of these extracts was also high, from 39.56 to 60.64%. In addition, the result pointed out that on stem cells isolated from mouse embryos (ESC), the obtained extracts was not toxic to healthy cells of this line. This suggested that extracts from Carica papaya leaves has the potential to become one of the natural substance products that can support cancer treatment in certain cases.
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Lalitha, Jebalsy, Prince Clarance P, Jerin Sales T, Mary Archana A, and Agastian P. "BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF GARCINIA MANGOSTANA." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 9 (September 1, 2017): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i9.18585.
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Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of different solvent extracts of Garcinia mangostana leaves.Methods: The powdered leaf was subjected to sequential extraction using hexane, ethyl acetate (EA), and methanol. The extracts were subjected to quantitative and qualitative phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. The best solvent extract was subjected to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.Results: The highest activity was recorded in EA extract which was subjected to GC-MS analysis revealing the presence of squalene (17.09%).Conclusion: From this present study, we conclude that EA is the best solvent for extracting antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds from the leaves of G. mangostana.
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Anamika, Wardatul Jannat, Miraj Kobad Chowdhury, Md Ausrafuggaman Nahid, Abu Shara Shamsur Rouf, and M. Aftab Uddin. "Chemical and biological potentialities of the ethyl acetate extracts of Drynaria quercifolia tuber and leaf." Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 24, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v24i2.46321.
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The ethyl acetate extracts of Drynaria quercifolia tubers and leaves were studied for their chemical and biological potentialities. The tuber extract was enriched with more reducing power compared to the leaf extract. But, the phenolic content was higher in the leaf extract compared to the tuber extracts. However, both the extracts were comparably cytotoxic and showed broadspectrum antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial compound in the tuber extract was nonpolar. The findings suggested that the ethyl acetate extracts of D. quercifolia may have active principles for the development of promising phytotherapeutics.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 24(2): 147-152, 2015 (July)
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Ethiraj, Sumathi, and Janarthanam Balasundaram. "Phytochemical and Biological Activity of Cucurbita Seed Extract." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 6, no. 1 (August 13, 2016): 813–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jbt.v6i1.4821.
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The present study was performed to investigate the phytochemical screening, total phenol, tannin content, antioxidant and antibacterial activity from seed extracts of Cucurbita pepo and Cucurbita maxima (Tindivanam). The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of active ingredients such as steroids, cardioglycosides, phenols, terpenoids, alkaloids and tannins in the seed extract of Cucurbita pepo followed by Cucurbita maxima. Gallic acid (GA), Tannic acid (TA) and Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) were taken as standard in case of total phenol, tannin and antioxidant activity respectively. Total phenol and tannin content were quantitatively estimated which recorded maximum in Cucurbita pepo (8.37±0.2 mg Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE)/g and 20.47 ± 0.37 mg Tannic Acid Equivalents (TAE)/g). The seed extracts were evaluated for antioxidant activities by DPPH (1, 1– Diphenyl -2- picryl - hydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. Among the two species with different solvents used, maximum antioxidant activity was found in the acetone seed extract (84.27±0.19%) of Cucurbita pepo followed by Cucurbita maxima (67.83 ± 0.37%). Different concentrations of acetone seed extracts were tested for the anti-bacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli using the agar disc diffusion technique. The acetone seed extracts of Cucurbita pepo had superior level of antimicrobial activity. The powerful antibacterial effect is attributed to the greater amount of tannins compound in the acetone seed extracts of Cucurbita pepo.
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Boonkaew, T., and N. D. Camper. "Biological activities of Ginkgo extracts." Phytomedicine 12, no. 4 (April 2005): 318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2003.06.008.
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Ginovyan, Mikayel, Naira Sahakyan, Anush Aghajanyan, and Armen Trchounian. "Antioxidant potential, biochemical activity and hypoglycemic effects of R. obtusifolius L. seed extracts used in Armenian traditional medicine." BIO Web of Conferences 30 (2021): 05001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213005001.
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The diversity of plants in Armenia is due to the singularity of natural environment. However, biochemical activity of these plants has not been studied well. The goal was to investigate biological activities as well as antihyperglycemic properties of Rumex obtusifolius L. in rabbits with hyperglycemia. According to obtained data, R. obtusifolius extracts possessed high antioxidant activity in chemical-based tests. GS/MS analysis of its methanol extracts allowed identification of several compounds, which could have high contribution on biological activities. The sub-cytotoxic concentration of investigated extract was 10 mgmL-1on Murine microglial BV-2 WT cell lines. Oral administration of ethanol extract showed significant effect on hyperglycemia, reducing fasting glucose levels (57.3%, p<0.05) and improving glucose tolerance. These findings suggest that R. obtusifolius extracts could be source of new biologically active compounds and recommended for treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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Antony, Elizabath, Mythili Sathiavelu, and Sathiavelu Arunachalam. "SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM THE MEDICINAL PLANT BAUHINIA ACUMINATA AND BIOPHYTUM SENSITIVUM–A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ITS BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES WITH PLANT EXTRACT." International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 9, no. 1 (December 31, 2016): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2017v9i1.16277.
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Objective: The aim of current study was to synthesise silver nanoparticles from the leaf extracts (aqueous and methanol) of two medicinal plants Bauhinia acuminata and Biophytum sensitivum and to compare its biological activities with that of plant extract.Methods: Silver nanoparticles were synthesised, and it was characterised using UV-Visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and GC-MS analysis were done for silver nanoparticle extract. The biological activities such as DPPH scavenging assay, haemolytic assay and antimicrobial assay were done for both nanoparticle and plant extract.Results: The UV-Visible spectroscopy showed the formation of nanoparticles in a size range of 400-460 nm. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of biologically active compounds like DL-alpha-tocopherol and Alpha-tocopherol-beta-D-mannose. FTIR analysis of silver nanoparticles and leaf extracts showed the formation of aldehydes, alkenes, amines, alcohols, etc., which confirmed the presence of the compounds present in plant extracts. SEM image showed the formation of nanoparticles of size 2 micrometre. Phytochemical analysis of plant extracts showed the presence of carbohydrates, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. The methanol extract of Bauhinia acuminata showed high DPPH scavenging activity of 90% compared to that of the silver nanoparticle. The percentage hemolysis of all extracts was found to be 6%-39%. The antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts showed excellent activity towards Bacillus cereus and Listeria monocytogens.Conclusion: The results of present study showed that the silver nanoparticle synthesised from the plant extract has many bioactive compounds and it was found to have significant biological activities but comparatively lesser than plant extract. It concludes the both plant and nanoparticle extract can be used as a potential resource for therapeutic purpose.
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Arciniegas, Amira, Luis Angel Polindara, Ana L. Pérez-Castorena, Ana María García, Guillermo Avila, José Luis Villaseñor, and Alfonso Romo de Vivar. "Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Laennecia schiedeana." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 66, no. 3-4 (April 1, 2011): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2011-3-404.
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The chemical study of Laennecia schiedeana afforded three sterols, five diterpenes, five flavonoids, three caffeoyl derivatives of quinic acid, and two triterpenes. Evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of the extracts and isolated metabolites showed that 15-methoxy-16-oxo- 15,16H-strictic acid was the most active compound [(15.05 ± 2.2) μg/mL against U-251 cells]. In antibacterial assays the acetonic extract of leaves was the only active extract exhibiting its highest effect against the multiresistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MIC 0.25 mg/mL). The anti-inflammatory activity observed was mild in the extracts and not relevant in the isolated compounds
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Granato, Daniel, Domingos Sávio Nunes, Patrícia Póvoa de Mattos, Ester de Moura Rios, Adeline Glinski, Luciana Collares Rodrigues, and Gerson Zanusso Júnior. "Chemical and biological evaluation of rejects from the wood industry." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 48, spe (June 2005): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132005000400029.
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This study aimed chemical characterization and microbiological evaluation of extracts obtained from the waste of woods marketed in Paraná State: Peroba-Rosa (Aspidosperma sp.), Roxinho (Peltogyne sp.), Jatobá(Hymenaea sp.), Curupixá (Micropholis sp.), Itaúba (Mezilaurus sp.), Cedrilho (Erisma sp.) and Imbúia (Licaria sp.), whose botanical identifications were based on anatomical studies. The extracts were prepared with different solvents, analyzed by TLC and UV/VIS techniques, and tested against: Proteus mirabilis ATCC15290, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC13048, Micrococcus luteus ATCC9341, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC13883, Pseudomonas aeroginosa ATCC27853, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Bacillus cereus isolated from the clinic. The ethanol extract from Peroba-rosa containing alkaloids showed activity against P. mirabilis. Itaúba, Jatobá and Imbúia methanol extracts containing phenolics, and the Roxinho ethyl acetate extract containing terpenoids and phenolics were active against K. pneumoniae, M. luteus, E. coli, S. aureus and P. mirabilis. P. aeroginosa, S. mutans and E. aerogenes were resistant to the extracts.
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Petrova, Svetlana N., Anastasiya D. Kantan, and Yuliya V. Yargunova. "PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF RED CURRANT LEAVES EXTRACTS." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 60, no. 7 (August 24, 2017): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.2017607.5444.
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The work is devoted to biological active substances in plants and their antioxidant activity. The study of biologically active substance, especially natural antioxidants is very important task. After several studies on the importance of antioxidants in biological systems by counteracting of oxidative stress that causes several human diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, chronic inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders, and certain types of cancer have been conducted. There is a great interest of quantification of antioxidants and determination of antioxidant capacities of a number of specific food compounds. The main theme of work includes three subthemes. The first subtheme is the preparation of the extract; the second subtheme is the study of the composition of biologically active substances contained in the extract; and the third subtheme is the study of the properties of the extract. The primary objective of the investigation is to research properties of thick extracts of red currant leaves which were extracted with such organic solvents as acetone, hexane and ethyl alcohol. The tasks are qualitative and quantitative investigation of the thick extracts and determination of their inhibiting action on the process of free radicals formation in hydrophilic systems. For the qualitative analysis of thick extracts the method of optical spectroscopy is employed. Calculation method is used for the quantitative analysis. The most important stage of analyzing dense extracts is the verification of their antioxidant properties. This model of the oxidation reaction of adrenaline with air oxygen is used. The theoretical importance is application of the natural vegetable materials as the source of antioxidants for food stuffs. In comparison with synthetic materials they are less toxic. To sum it up, red currant leaves extracts contain a set of biological active substances (phenolic compounds, bioflavonoids, carotinoids, chlorophyll) capable of exerting an antioxidant effect, and they can be recommended in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.Forcitation:Petrova S.N., Kantan A.D., Yargunova Yu.V. Preparation and properties of red currant leaves extracts. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 7. P. 66-71.
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Jaafreh, Mohammad, Haitham Qaralleh, and Muhamad Al-limoun. "Biological Value of Centaurea damascena: Minireview." Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine 5, no. 2 (October 19, 2019): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v5i2.41.
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The family Asteraceae include large number of Centaurea species which have been applied in folk medicine. One of the family Asteraceae members is the Centaurea damascena which authentically been tested for its antibacterial activity. The aim of the study was to discuss antibacterial activities of essential oil composition and methanolic extract of the same plant aerial part leaves. Thirty-seven components were characterized with 86% of oxygenated terpenes. The composition was dominated by 11.45% Fokienol, 8.8% thymol, 8.21% Alpha Terpineol, 7.24% Chrysanthemumic acid, 7.13% Terpinen-4-ol and 6.59% Borneol with a high degree of polymorphism in the occurrence of these compounds as compared with the different species of centaurea.. Free radical scavenging capacity of the C. damascna methanol extract was calculated by DPPH and FRAP test. DPPH radicals were scavenged with an IC50 value of 17.08 µg /ml. Antioxidant capacities obtained by the FRAP was 51.9 and expressed in mg Trolox g-1 dry weight. The total phenolic compounds of the methanol extracts of aerial parts, as estimated by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent method, was about 460 mg GAE/ g. The phenolic contents in the extracts highly correlate with their antioxidant activity, (R2 = 0.976) confirming that the antioxidant activity of this plant extracts is considerably phenolic contents-dependent.
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Nounagon, Martial S., Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon, Christine N’tcha, Sani M. Akorede, Haziz Sina, Pacôme A. Noumavo, Farid Baba-Moussa, Farid Bade, Adolphe Adjadohoun, and Lamine Baba-Moussa. "Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activities of Combretum adenogonium Leaves Extracts." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 30 (October 31, 2017): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n30p358.
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Combretum adenogonium is beniniens pharmacopoeia medicinal plant used for the treatment of various diseases. This work aims to study the phytochemical and assess some biological activities of C. adenogonium leaves extracts. The phytochemical analysis (qualitative et quantitative) was conducted by standard analytical chemistry method. Antioxydant activity was evaluated by the DPPH method. Antibacterial activity was evaluated in vitro with 10 references strains , 10 Staphylococcus strains isolated from European Scientific Journal October 2017 edition Vol.13, No.30 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 359 meat products and 10 clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from Buruli ulcer lesions and pus. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Bactericidal (CMB) were determined by macrodilution method. The extracts cytotoxic effect was evaluated with Artemia salina larvae. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins, saponin and triterpenoids. The methanolique extract present the higest content (450.66 ± 0.004 µg EAG/mg) of total polyphenolic compound. The results showed the good antioxidant activity. The inhibitory diameter zone vary (p < 0.001) according to the strains. The largest medium inhibitory diameter (21.85 ± 0.17 mm) was obtained with the ethanolic extract, while the lowest (6.00 ±0.00 mm) were recorded with water-ethanol extract. The variation between CMI and CMB is not significant (p > 0.05). The higher LD50 (27.66 mg/ml) was recorded with methanol extract. The results of this study confirm some use of C. Adenogonium extracts. But; these extracts must be use with moderation
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Song, Seung-Yub, Seung-Hui Song, Min-Suk Bae, and Seung-Sik Cho. "Phytochemical Constituents and the Evaluation Biological Effect of Cinnamomum yabunikkei H.Ohba Leaf." Molecules 24, no. 1 (December 27, 2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24010081.
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Cinnamomum yabunikkei H.Ohba leaf is known as a traditional medicinal material in Korea. However, no scientific identification of the components or efficacy of C.yabunikkei H.Ohba leaf has been reported. In the present study, we prepared various solvent extracts of C.yabunikkei H.Ohba leaf to understand its basic properties and evaluated the antioxidant, xanthine oxidase inhibitory, and elastase inhibitory activities of hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol, ethanol, and water extracts for the first time. The antioxidant properties were evaluated based on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and total phenolic contents. The hot water extract showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity and total phenolic contents, and the reducing power was the highest in the water extract. The hexane extract showed an excellent elastase inhibitory effect compared to control (phosphoramidone) and the highest xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. These results present basic information for the possible uses of the hot water and hexane extracts from C. yabunikkei leaf for the treatment of diseases caused by oxidative imbalance. In the present study, individual extracts exhibited different effects. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the applicability of C. yabunikkei will depend on the extraction method and nature of the extract. The hot water and hexane extracts could be used as antioxidants, and as anti-gout and anti-wrinkle materials respectively. Several biologically active substances present in hexane extract of C. yabunikkei have been analyzed by GCMS and demonstrated to possess antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that reports the chemical profiling and biological effects of various C. yabunikkei leaf extracts, suggesting their potential use in food therapy, cosmetics or alternative medicine.
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Lhullier, C., M. I. G. Moritz, E. O. Tabalipa, F. N. Sardá, N. F. Z. Schneider, M. H. Moraes, L. Constantino, et al. "Biological activities of marine invertebrates extracts from the northeast brazilian coast." Brazilian Journal of Biology 80, no. 2 (June 2020): 393–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.213678.
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Abstract This paper reports the in vitro antiproliferative effects, antiprotozoal, anti-herpes and antimicrobial activities of 32 organic extracts of 14 marine sponges and 14 corals collected in northeast Brazilian coast. The ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa and Tedania ignis, and the acetone extract of Dysidea sp. showed relevant results concerning the antiproliferative effects against A549, HCT-8, and PC-3 cell lines by sulforhodamine B assay, but also low specificity. Concerning the antiprotozoal screening, the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa and the acetone and ethanolic extracts of Dysidea sp. were the most active against Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi expressing β-galactosidase in THP-1 cells. In the preliminary anti-HSV-1 (KOS strain) screening, the ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. and Chondrosia collectrix inhibited viral replication by more than 50%. The most promising anti-herpes results were observed for the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. showing high selective indices against HSV-1, KOS and 29R strains (SI> 50 and >79, respectively), and HSV-2, 333 strain (IS>108). The results of the antibacterial screening indicated that only the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa exhibited a weak activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli by the disk diffusion method. In view of these results, the extracts of Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis and Dysidea sp. were selected for further studies aiming the isolation and identification of the bioactive compounds with antiproliferative and/or antiprotozoal activities. The relevant anti-herpes activity of the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. also deserves special attention, and will be further investigated.
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Cho, Seung-Sik, Seung-Hui Song, Chul-Yung Choi, Kyung Park, Jung-Hyun Shim, and Dae-Hun Park. "Optimization of the Extraction Conditions and Biological Evaluation of Dendropanax morbifera H. Lev as an Anti-Hyperuricemic Source." Molecules 23, no. 12 (December 14, 2018): 3313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123313.
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Dendropanax morbifera H. Levis a medicinal plant native to South Korea, East Asia, and South America. Among some 75 species, one species grows in Korea. In previous studies, D. morbifera extracts with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-complementary and anti-cancer activities were reported. The present study aims to investigate optimization of extraction and evaluation of anti-hyperuricemic effects of D. morbifera leaf and the phytochemicals contained therein. Ethanol and hexane extract were found to display the best xanthine oxidase inhibition among six types of solvent and water extract. The antioxidant effect of the ethanol extract was superior to that of the hexane extract. The DPPH radical scavenging effect of the ethanol and hexane extracts were 81.52 ± 1.57% and 2.69 ± 0.16. The reducing power of the ethanol and hexane extracts were 9.71 ± 0.15 and 0.89 ± 0.01 mg/g equivalent of gallic acid. Total phenols of the ethanol and hexane extracts were 6.53 ± 0.16 and 0.63 ± 0.001 mg/g equivalent of gallic acid. In addition, we compared the two marker compounds from D. morbifera, chlorogenic acid and rutin, which were determined in the ethanol extract at 0.80 ± 0.03% and 0.52 ± 0.01%, respectively. We found that the ethanol extracts showed better xanthine oxidase inhibition than hexane extracts. Especially, ethanol extracts showed higher antioxidant activity than hexane extracts. Based on these results, we selected the ethanol extract as an effective xanthine oxidase inhibitor and confirmed whether ethanol extracts showed xanthine oxidase inhibition in animal experiments. The in vivo mouse study demonstrated that ethanol extract of D. morbifera leaf at the dose of 300 mg/kg could inhibit blood/hepatic xanthine oxidase activity and this result shows that the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity in vitro is reproduced in vivo. The present study showed that ethanol extract was optimal xanthine oxidase inhibitor which can be applied to prevent diseases related to hyperuricemia.
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Nguyen, Chi-Dung, Thu Huynh, and Minh-Hiep Dinh. "Screening for some biological activities of cultured cordyceps neovolkiana." Science and Technology Development Journal 20, K3 (June 30, 2017): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v20ik3.1099.
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Cordyceps has been demonstrated to possess a myriad of biological compounds and effects. There are various strains of Cordyceps. In this study, we evaluated some biological activities of cultured Cordyceps neovolkiana extracts. The result exhibited that all C. neovolkiana extracts almost showed no toxicity effect on HepG2 cells at the concentration of 100 μg/ml. Besides, all C. neovolkiana extracts also were not α-glucosidase inhibitory activity at the concentration from 1000 to 8000 μg/ml. However, some extracts had ABTS• free radical scavenging potential with IC50 values between 4129.92 ± 25.12 and 4926.25 ± 41.01 μg/ml. In addition, at 200 μg/ml, the EtOH extract exhibited 64.57 ± 6.30 % (p<0.001) of PBMC proliferation inhibition. In conclusion, these data revealed biological activities of cultured C. neovolkiana, suggesting that further studies would be necessary.
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Rashid, Rehana, Abida Kalsoom Khan, Ihsan Ul Haq, Sadullah Mir, Sadaf Mehmood, Yi Lu, and Ghulam Murtaza. "In Vitro Biological Screening of Hartmannia rosea Extracts." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8968604.
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The present study is focused on the assessment of the medicinal therapeutic potential extracts of H. rosea to investigate their pharmacological implications based upon science proofs. The antioxidant activity of fraction of H. rosea, namely, n-hexane (HR-1), ethyl acetate (HR-2), chloroform (HR-3), and n-butanol (HR-4), was performed by using the DPPH radical scavenging method. The cytotoxicity and enzyme inhibition assessment were also performed. All the extracts showed significant antioxidant, antibacterial, and protein kinase inhibition but none of the extracts exhibited α-amylase inhibition activity. The chloroform extract HR-3 may block a kinase receptor from binding to ATP; the lead molecule will be isolated, which may stop cancerous cell growth and demotion of cell division. It is predicted that ethyl acetate, chloroform, and n-butanol extracts of H. rosea contain polyphenolics, flavonoids, and alkaloids that are biologically effective candidates exhibiting significant cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. They may control oxidative damage in the body tissues and act as potential antidiabetic and anticancer agents. These studies will also be helpful for future drug designing and drug development research.
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Nea, Fatimata, Michel Boni Bitchi, Manon Genva, Allison Ledoux, Alembert Tiabou Tchinda, Christian Damblon, Michel Frederich, Zanahi Félix Tonzibo, and Marie-Laure Fauconnier. "Phytochemical Investigation and Biological Activities of Lantana rhodesiensis." Molecules 26, no. 4 (February 5, 2021): 846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040846.
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Lantana rhodesiensis Moldenke is a plant widely used to treat diseases, such as rheumatism, diabetes, and malaria in traditional medicine. To better understand the traditional uses of this plant, a phytochemical study was undertaken, revealing a higher proportion of polyphenols, including flavonoids in L. rhodesiensis leaf extract and moderate proportion in stem and root extracts. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was also determined using three different assays: the radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, the FRAP method (Ferric-reducing antioxidant power) and the β-carotene bleaching test. The anti-malarial activity of each extract was also evaluated using asexual erythrocyte stages of Plasmodium falciparum, chloroquine-sensitive strain 3D7. The results showed that the leaf extract exhibited higher antioxidant and anti-malarial activities in comparison with the stem and root extracts, probably due to the presence of higher quantities of polyphenols including flavonoids in the leaves. A positive linear correlation was established between the phenolic compound content (total polyphenols including flavonoids and tannins; and total flavonoids) and the antioxidant activity of all extracts. Furthermore, four flavones were isolated from leaf dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions: a new flavone named rhodescine (5,6,3′,5′-tetrahydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavone) (1), 5-hydroxy-6,7,3′,4′,5′-pentamethoxyflavone (2), 5-hydroxy-6,7,3′,4′-tetramethoxyflavone (3), and 5,6,3′-trihydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavone (4). Their structures were elucidated by 1H, 13CNMR, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and MS-EI spectral methods. Aside from compound 2, all other molecules were described for the first time in this plant species.
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Taşkın, Turgut, Yeliz Akkılıç, Berna Özbek Çelik, İsmail Şenkardeş, and Özlem B. Özakpınar. "Investigation of the Biological Activities of Different Extracts from Dipsacus laciniatus Aerial Parts." Natural Products Journal 10, no. 1 (February 3, 2020): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210315509666181214153533.
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Background: The aerial parts of Dipsacus laciniatus are traditionally used in the treatment of colds as cold tea; decoction prepared from its roots and aerial parts are used for the treatment of diabetes and cancer, respectively. The extraction procedures and solvents are important steps in the processing of bioactive constituents from the plant materials. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase and cytotoxic activities for the first time in plant’s different extracts. Methods: The antioxidant activities of extracts were examined using FRAP and CUPRAC methods, including total phenolic and flavonoids contents. In addition, the antimicrobial, anticholinesterase and cytotoxic activities of extracts were investigated using microdilution, Ellman and MTT methods, respectively. Results: In the present study, methanol extract showed stronger iron (III) ion reduction (FRAP) and copper (II) ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) than other extracts and also contained higher total phenolic and flavonoid compounds. It was also found that there was a linear relationship between antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in this study. It was demonstrated that the chloroform and methanol extracts showed moderate antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis and C. albicans strains. The chloroform extract had a strong and selective cytotoxic activity for the MCF-7 and HT-29 cell lines, while the methanol extract showed low cytotoxic activity on the same cell lines. In addition, according to the obtained data, chloroform extract showed a toxic effect on normal cell line (NIH/3T3), but other extracts showed no toxic effect. Conclusion: Since methanol extract has no toxic effect on normal cell line and has strong antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial activity, it is thought that this extract may be useful as an antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial agents in the future.
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Daskum, Abdullahi M., Chessed Godly, and Muhammad A. Qadeer. "Antiplasmodial activities of crude Moringa oleifera leaves extracts on chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium falciparum (3D7)." Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v12i1.48s.
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The antimalarial efficacy of crude hexane, methanol and lyophilized aqueous Moringa oleifera leaf extract was evaluated on chloroquine sensitive (CQS) strain of Plasmodium falciparum (3D7) in vitro, with a view to validate traditional use of M. oleifera as antimalarial. A dose dependent suppression of parasite growth was observed for all extracts, at microgram per mills (µg/mL) concentrations. At the lowest concentration of extract (6.25 µg/mL), the hexane, methanol and lyophilized aqueous extracts showed 63.52%, 71.42% and 60.65% suppression of plasmodium growth respectively. The extracts showed potent biological activity at the highest concentration of extract, with a strong inhibition of plasmodium growth (71.31%, 83.06% and 80.36%) observed for the hexane, methanol and lyophilized aqueous extracts. Although some extracts are observed to be more potent than others, all extracts are observed to be biologically active against the 3D7 strain of P. falciparum (Hexane extract IC50 = 3.36 µg/mL; methanol IC50 = 3.44 µg/mL and aqueous IC50 = 4.09 µg/mL respectively). The antiplasmodial activities observed may well be attributed to the presence of phenols, tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids in all solvent extracts.
Key words: Antiplasmodial, Moringa oleifera, Phytochemical screening, Plasmodium falciparum
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Gouramma Patil and Sharanabasappa B Patil. "Biological synthesis of Nanoparticles from Medicinal Plants: Recent Studies." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 12, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v12i1.4142.
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In a recent trend, nanotechnology has been developed to be an important field of research in various fields like medicinal chemistry, pharmaceuticals and all. On the other hand, compared to chemical method of synthesis, method of synthesis of nanoparticles by green method is simple, effective & ecofriendly. Plant extracts are obtained from the plant, creep, cereals, etc. generally natural extracts are prepared by decoction method or solid powder formation method. The natural extracts are very much effective in the medicinal approach. The study of Nano sized particles towards natural extracts has given a novel way in the field of medicines. So from the nanomaterials of natural extracts, one can expect still good effective results. As we know that preparation of nanoparticles through green approach is one of the good selections in the view of betterment of ecology. Therefore by taking aqueous extracts of medicinal plants’ parts and metal ions, nanoparticles can be synthesized. The plant extract and metal ions are taken in a fixed ratio and keep at room temperature for the reduction. The Changes in the Color confirmed the formation of nanoparticles. Further, the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV, EPMA, XRD and FTIR data.
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Do, Tran Ngoc Bao, Tien Thi My Le, Hiep Minh Dinh, and Phuong Ngo Diem Quach. "Biological activities of spike moss Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring. collected from Co Thach, Binh Thuan." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 2, no. 2 (May 16, 2019): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v2i2.728.
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In Vietnam, Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring. has been used as a traditional medicine for osteoarthritis, haemorrhage, hepatitis, burn, … However, Selaginella tamariscina is less studied than in other countries. Therefore, this research focuses on study some bioactivities (such as antioxidative, antibacterial activities, and inhibition of albumin denaturation) and preliminary phytochemical screening of six extracts (ethanol extracts of root, leaf, whole plant, petroleum extracts of root, leaf, whole plant) of S. tamariscina collect from Co Thach, Binh Thuan Province. The preliminary phytochemical screening results show that Selaginella tamariscina extracts have most of secondary metabolite groups such as phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and lactone. The antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of root is higher than that of other extracts. Moreover, the ethanol extract of root also has the highest reducing ability and free radical scavenging activity, with EC50 = 1.590 ± 0.091mg/ml. In the anti-denaturation of albumin test, the petroleum ether extract of whole plant has the lowest IC50 at 99 ± 5μg/ml.
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Olaokun, Oyinlola O., and Nqobile M. Mkolo. "Biological activity of infusion and decoction extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyces." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 49, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v49i1.49127.
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To compare the phytochemical and biological profiles, infusion and decoction extracts of dried Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces were prepared. Infusion extract had the highest phenolic content (292.42 ± 0.62 mg GAE/g extract) and antioxidant activity (TEAC = 3.09 ± 0.28). It also potently inhibited the activities of α-amylase (58.57 ± 1.4%), α-glucosidase (66.92 ± 2.5%) and 5-lipoxygenase (58.97 ± 1.17 μg/ml). All extracts showed weak cytotoxicity as tested on Vere monkey kidney cells.
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Moniruzzaman, Md, Nayeema Parvin, Sabina Sultana, Mohammad Abdullah, Ataur Rahman Khan, and Nurul Islam. "Evaluation of Biological Activities of Evolvulus Nummularius L. through Insecticidal, Insect Repellency and Brine Shrimp Lethality Tests." Journal of Life and Earth Science 8 (August 23, 2014): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v8i0.20153.
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Assessment of Evolvulus nummularius L. through whole plant extracts (collected in petroleum ether [Pet.E.], chloroform [CHCl3] and methanol [MeOH]) were made against Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) for insecticidal and insect repellency and against Artemia salina L. for brine shrimp lethality, and the results were promising. The LC50 values against T. castaneum adults for Pet.E. extract were 1.280, 1.220, 1.096 and 1.030?g cm-2; for CHCl3 extract 3.249, 2.990, 2.526 and 2.204?g cm-2; and for MeOH extract 2.925, 1.899, 1.875 and 1.789?g cm-2, respectively for 12, 24, 36 and 48h of exposure. The intensity of activity could be arranged in a descending order: Pet.E. extract> MeOH extract> CHCl3 extract. For repellency, CHCl3 and MeOH extracts offered moderate activity (P <0.01), but the Pet.E. extract did not show efficacy against the beetles. The same extracts responded positively in brine shrimp lethality assay where the LC50 values for Pet.E. extract were 141.553, 98.941, 24.684 and 8.560ppm; for CHCl3 extracts 699.048, 366.663, 326.0039 and 40.114ppm; and for MeOH extracts 2336.982, 1258.605, 355.962 and 137.0589ppm respectively for 12, 18, 24 and 30h of exposure. However, the intensity of activity could be arranged in a descending order: Pet.E. extract> CHCl3 extract> MeOH extract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v8i0.20153 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 8: 101-104, 2013
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Nounagnon, Martial S., Durand Dah-nouvlessounon, Christine N’tcha, Boris Legba, Farid Baba-moussa, Adolphe Adjanohoun, and Lamine Baba-moussa. "PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF CRATEVA ADANSONII EXTRACTS." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 9 (September 1, 2018): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i9.27197.
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Objective: This study aims to search the secondary metabolites of Crateva adansonii (leaves and bark) and evaluate some biological activities (antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity’s property) of these extracts.Methods: The phytochemical screening was made with standard method. Agar diffusion method was used for antibacterial activity coupled with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Bactericidal (MBC) determination. The antifungal test was performed by the mycelial development reduction method. DPPH method was used to evaluate the extracts antioxidant activity. Artemia salina larvae were use as support to evaluate the toxicity of the extracts.Results: The results of the phytochemical screening reveal the presence of polyphenols, triterpenoids, and glycosides in the both organs (leaves and bark) of C. adansonii. All the extracts have low activity on the reference strains with a larger diameter of 17±00 mm (S. oralis). Only the ethanolic and hydroethanolic leaf’s extracts inhibited respectively 20% and 10%, of the clinical strain S. aureus. The ethyl acetate leaf’s extract shows the best antifungal activity (89,19%) with A. clavatus. All extracts present dose-dependent antiradical properties and are non-toxic for the cells of Artemia salina. C. adansonii bark extracts had the best reducing power (23,80±0, 137 mmol/g EqAA EAA) of the DPPH radical.Conclusion: C. adansonii is therefore an active principle source for the development of drugs to antimicrobial and antioxidant activities
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Taşkın, Turgut, Eray M. Güler, Şeyda Şentürk, Damla D. Çelik, Turan Arabacı, and Ümran S. Gürer. "Cytotoxic Activity-Guided Isolation from Achillea monocephala, and Biological Activities of its Different Extracts." Open Bioactive Compounds Journal 8, no. 1 (August 18, 2020): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874847302008010007.
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Background: The genus Achillea is one of the most important genus of the Asteraceae family and many species of Achillea are used in traditional medicine to treat several ailments. Aim: The aim of the current research was to evaluate in vitro cytotoxic activities of n-hexan, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts and to isolate the active compounds from the extract showing the strongest cytotoxic activity. In addition to this, it was aimed to evaluate the biological activities (cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-urease, anticholinesterase, antimicrobial) of different extracts and active compounds from Achillea monocephala. Methods and Materials: The in vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-urease, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial activities of different extracts from A. monocephala aerial parts were examined. The structures of the active compounds were determined by NMR techniques, UV, IR and LC-MS/MS analysis and their biological potential was examined. Results: The chloroform extract showed strong and selective cytotoxic activity on the cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7). Besides, this extract exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity than other extracts. Therefore, through activity-guided procedures, luteolin, naringenin and 8-hydroxy-salvigenin compounds were isolated from this extract. The methanol extract showed stronger antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC) and anticholinesterase activity than other extracts. The n-hexan extract exhibited the highest anti-urease activity. In this study, it was determined that the isolated compounds had a strong biological activity. Naringenin compound had stronger ABTS radical cation scavenging and ferric reducing/antioxidant power, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity than other compounds. 8-hydroxy-salvigenin compound showed the highest urease and acetylcholinestease enzyme inhibition. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the extracts and isolated compounds from the A. monocephala may be used as antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-urease, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial agents in the future.
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Yang, Jinfeng, Lee Chanok, Kim Heekyu, Yong S. Kwon, and Myong J. Kim. "Biological Activities and Phenolic Compound Content of Astilboides tabularis (Hemsl.) Engler Extracts." Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 21, no. 11 (September 21, 2020): 1070–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201021666200226093202.
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Introduction: The plant, Astilboides tabularis (Hemsl.) Engler, is used in Chinese and Korean medicine to regulate blood sugar levels; however, little is known about its precise effects. Materials and Methods: In this study, we aimed to measure the composition as well as the antioxidant, and anti-proliferative capacities of A. tabularis. Various extracts were generated using different organic solvents, and in vitro antioxidant activities were evaluated using DPPH free radical-scavenging and reducing power assays. The extracts were also evaluated based on their ability to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Nitric Oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells. Results: Research shows that the A. tabularis ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract showed significant antioxidant activity. Additionally, this extract could inhibit the LPS-induced expression of inflammatory mediators and pro-inflammatory cytokines in RAW 264.7 cells, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß). Notably, the A. tabularis EtOAc extract also displayed potent cytotoxic effects against MCF-7 and HeLa cancer cell lines, as determined by MTT assays. Lastly, total phenol and flavonoid content was measured for all extracts, and four flavonoid compounds-catechin, kaempferol, quercitrin, and isoquercetin were isolated from the EtOAc extract. Their structures were confirmed using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, and these isolated compounds were found to display potent DPPH free radical-scavenging activity. Conclusion: Thus, our data suggest that phenolic compounds in A. tabularis extracts promote antioxidant activity, and furthermore, these extracts show numerous features that indicate potential for therapeutic development.
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TRAN, Tan Q., Hoang N. PHAN, Anh L. BUI, and Phuong N. D. QUACH. "Biological activities of in vitro liverwort Marchantia polymorpha L. extracts." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 48, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 826–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha48211884.
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To overcome the problems in liverwort collecting such as small size and easily mixed with other species in the wild, we have successfully cultivated Marchantia polymorpha L. under in vitro conditions in the previous study. The aim of this study is to evaluate the biological activities of this in vitro biomass as a confirmation of the sufficient protocol in cultivation this species. Cultured biomass was dried at a temperature of 45-50 oC to constant weight and ground into a fine powder. The coarse powder was extracted with organic solvents of increasing polarization including n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol using the maceration technique. Four extracts were investigated antioxidant (iron reduction power, DPPH), antibacterial (agar diffusion), tyrosinase inhibitory activity, anti-proliferation on MCF-7 cells. Additionally, the presence of natural metabolite groups of the extracts was detected by using specific reagents. For antioxidant activity, ethyl acetate fraction extract had the highest iron reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging ability with IC50 = 439.31 µg ml-1. All three n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts possessed resistance to the bacterial strain tested. At a concentration of 2 mg ml-1, n-hexane and chloroform extracts had the highest percentage of tyrosinase inhibition (69.54 and 69.10%, respectively). The n-hexane extract is a potent extract that inhibits the proliferation of MCF-7 cells with the lowest IC50 of 38.15 µg ml-1. A preliminary chemical composition survey showed that the cultured biomass liverwort contains many bioactive compounds, particularly the compounds of range of non- and less-polarized fractions.
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Ağalar, Hale Gamze, Gülşen Akalιn Çiftçi, Şafak Ulusoylar Yιldιrιm, Fatih Gögera, and Neşe Kιrιmera. "The LC/ESI-MSMS Profiles and Biological Potentials of Vitex agnus castus Extracts." Natural Product Communications 11, no. 11 (November 2016): 1934578X1601101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1601101108.
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The chemical profile, cytotoxic and apoptotic effect, and antioxidant activity were determined of ethanolic extracts of Vitex agnus-castus L. (chaste tree). Ripened fruits and fruitless aerial parts were extracted with ethanol, and the chemical characterization of the extracts was determined by LC/ESI-MS-MS. Twelve compounds were tentatively identified in the extracts. The dose-dependent cytotoxic effects of the extracts were tested on C6, A549 and MCF-7 cells by using MTT assay; inhibition of DNA synthesis, and apoptotic and caspase-3 activation effects of the extracts were determined. The potential antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated by in vitro methods such as DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity, reducing power and β-carotene bleaching assays. The fruit extract showed noticeable cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 88 μg/mL. Both extracts showed similar DPPH scavenging activity comparably with that of the standard.
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Balpinar, N. "The biological activities of Arabis alpina L. subsp. brevifolia (DC.) Cullen against food pathogens." Open Chemistry 16, no. 1 (October 22, 2018): 930–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2018-0104.
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AbstractIn this study, in vitro biological activities of both methanol and ethanol extracts of Arabis alpina subsp. brevifolia were investigated. Also, the phenolic components of this plant was examined in this study. The extracts were tested against the eight strains of food pathogens for their antimicrobial activities by utilizing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and disc diffusion assay. The non-enzymatic antioxidant activities were determined according to scavenging of the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The phenolic compounds were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The main component was ellagic acid for the methanol extract of stem-leaf, rutin for the ethanol extract of stem-leaf, and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid for the methanol and ethanol extracts of fruit-flower. The ethanolic extracts of leaves revealed antibacterial activities against Salmonella Typhimurium (7 mm) while the ethanolic extracts of flowers demonstrated no activity against the test pathogens. The methanolic extracts of leaf-flower showed antibacterial activities against S. Typhimurium (7 mm). No activity was observed against C. albicans. The MIC value for four test bacteria was 13000 μg/mL. The ethanol extracts of A. alpina subsp. brevifolia exhibited the highest DPPH inhibition (76%). This study showed that A. alpina subsp. brevifolia possesses antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
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Zengin, Gokhan, Dejan Stojković, Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally, Bibi Sharmeen Jugreet, Mehmet Yavuz Paksoy, Marija Ivanov, Uroš Gašić, Monica Gallo, and Domenico Montesano. "Comprehensive Biological and Chemical Evaluation of Two Seseli Species (S. gummiferum and S. transcaucasicum)." Antioxidants 10, no. 10 (September 24, 2021): 1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10101510.
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Seseli L. is one of the largest genera of the Apiaceae family widely known for their traditional uses as herbal remedies. In the present study, the methanolic and water extracts of two Seseli species, S. gummiferum and S. transcaucasicum were evaluated for their bioactive contents and biological activities. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extracts ranged from 19.09 to 24.33 mg GAE/g and from 0.45 to10.09 mg RE/g, respectively. Moreover, while narcissin was detected as the most abundant component in the methanolic extract of S. transcaucasicum (261.40 µg/g), chlorogenic acid was identified as the major component in all the other extracts, although a high amount was also present in the methanolic S. transcaucasicum extract (107.48–243.12 µg/g). The total antioxidant capacity was also determined by the phosphomolybdenum assay (0.66–1.18 mM TE/g). Other antioxidant assays such as the radical scavenging assays (DPPH: 5.51–11.45 mg TE/g; ABTS: 43.46–51.91 mg TE/g), reducing assays (CUPRAC: 41.67–53.20 mg TE/g; FRAP: 31.26–34.14 mg TE/g), as well as the metal chelating activity assay (14.38–38.57 mg EDTAE/g) were conducted. All the extracts showed inhibitory potential against the enzyme’s amylase (0.12–0.78 mM ACAE/g), acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase (0.15–9.71 mg GALAE/g), while only the methanolic extracts acted as inhibitors of tyrosinase (107.15 and 109.37 mg KAE/g) and only the water extract of S. gummiferum displayed anti-glucosidase activity (0.13 mM ACAE/g). Interestingly, the methanolic extracts of both Seseli species showed lower cytotoxicity towards HaCaT cells (IC50: >500 µg/mL), compared to the water extracts (IC50: 267.8 and 321.41 µg/mL). Besides, only the methanolic extracts showed a slight wound healing effect (28.21 and 31.23%). All extracts showed antibacterial action against Staphylococcus lugdunensis (minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations: 0.025–2 mg/mL). S. gummiferum methanolic extract, which exhibited the highest antibacterial potency was found to inhibit adhesion and invasion of S. lugdunensis to HaCaT cells as well. Taken together, this study demonstrated the two Seseli species to harbour interesting bioactive components, in particular polyphenolics and to exhibit several biological properties that could be further investigated for their potential exploitation as healing agents as supported by various traditional medicinal uses.
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Rusu, Marius, Ana-Maria Gheldiu, Andrei Mocan, Cadmiel Moldovan, Daniela-Saveta Popa, Ioan Tomuta, and Laurian Vlase. "Process Optimization for Improved Phenolic Compounds Recovery from Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Septum: Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities." Molecules 23, no. 11 (October 30, 2018): 2814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112814.
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Plant by-products can be valuable sources of polyphenol bioactive compounds. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a very important tree nut rich in biologically active molecules, but its septum was scarcely researched. Experimental data indicated a hypoglycemic effect of septum extracts, with almost no details about its phytochemical composition. The main objectives of this study were: (1) to obtain walnut septum (WS) extracts with high content in bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity based on an original experimental design; (2) characterization of the phytochemical profile of the WS extracts using HPLC-MS/MS; (3) evaluation of the biological potential of the richest polyphenolic WS extract. The variables of the experimental design were: extraction method (maceration and Ultra-Turrax extraction), temperature, solvent (acetone and ethanol), and percentage of water in the solvent. The first quantifiable responses were: total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, condensed tannins, and ABTS antioxidant capacity. The phytochemical profile of lyophilized extracts obtained by Ultra-Turrax extraction (UTE), the most efficient method, was further determined by HPLC-MS/MS analysis of individual polyphenolic and phytosterols compounds. It is the first study to assay the detailed composition of WS in hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds. The biological potential of the richest polyphenolic WS extract was also evaluated by FRAP and DPPH antioxidant capacity and the inhibition of tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in the browning in fruits and vegetables, skin wrinkles and aging. Conclusion: The phytochemical profile of the analyzed extracts proves that WS can be a valuable source of biologically active compounds (polyphenols) for food and/or pharmaceutical industry and warrant the continuation of current research in further evaluating its bioactive potential.
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Pham, Quoc Thiet, Hieu Trung Nguyen, Sương Thi Thu Phan, Tram Thi Quynh Doan, and Ky Minh Nguyen. "STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF SLENDER AMARANTH (Amaranthus lividus L.) IN GIA LAI PROVINCE." Scientific Journal of Tra Vinh University 1, no. 36 (April 8, 2020): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35382/18594816.1.36.2019.317.
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Slender amaranth (Amaranthus lividus L.) is a popular plant in Gia Lai Province, with anti-cancer, antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The study presents the experimental results of biological activity of Amaranthus lividus L. collected in Gia Lai Province. Evaluation of anti-tumor activity (IC50) showed good results with EtOAc and n–hexane with extracts of 8.0 µg/ml and 11.2 µg/ml (≤ 20 µg/ml, NCI) respectively. The comparison results showed that the EtOAc extract from Amaranthus lividus L. has better antibacterial activity than the MeOH extract. However, the investigated extracts from Amaranthus lividus L. were incapable of inhibiting oxidation at low concentrations of 1-64 µg/ml. Results of biologically active ingredients in Amaranthus lividus L. illustratedthe applied prospects of natural medicine sources.
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Rodrigues, Leonardo Milani Avelar, Jorge Luiz Peixoto Bispo, Andréa Gomes da Silva, Simone Andrade Gualberto, Luiz Filipe Nonato Silva, Iasnaia Maria de Carvalho Tavares, and Cristiane Patrícia de Oliveira. "Chemical prospection and biological potential of tropical fruit waste extracts." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 8 (July 31, 2020): e833986476. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i8.6476.
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Agro-industries waste from fruits can present a promising source for industrial sectors with the extraction of active principles that have several biological activities. In view of the above, this study aimed to evaluate the biological potential of tropical fruit extracts against antioxidant and amnmicrobial activities. The study evaluated different methods of antioxidant activities (by DPPH and FRAP method), characterization and quantification of phenolic compounds by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), antibacterial and antifungal activities of four tropical fruit waste extract. In the extracts were identified several phenolic compounds, the values found were varied from 0.21 to 5.73 mg/L in gallic acid, observing the predominance of gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic and acid p-coumaric. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the agar diffusion method using the microorganism Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella cholerasuis. The antifungal activity was determined by the disc diffusion technique using Aspergillus carbonarius, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium commune and Penicillium cladosporoides, the extracts showed potential antioxidant activity, antibacterial and antifungal in both tests. The lemon extract showed no inhibition for the fungi.
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Marcinčáková, D., N. Červeňáková, and M. Miłek. "In vitro Evaluation of Biological Effects of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Extracts." Folia Veterinaria 62, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fv-2018-0025.
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Abstract Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) of the Asteraceae family is known for its pharmacological effects and has been used in therapy for centuries. Currently extracts of all parts of this plant are used — root, leaves and flowers. The extracts are prepared using various extraction agents that may significantly affect the effectiveness and therapeutic spectrum of the extracts. The aim of this study was to use three different solvents for the preparation of the extracts from dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) leaves and flowers, namely triton X-100 (2 %), nonidet P-40 (2 %) and acetone (30 %). After extraction, the extractants were evaporated and the dried extracts were dissolved in water to obtain a series of solutions of the concentrations: 125, 250, 500 and 1000 µg.ml–1. The biological effects of the extracts were investigated by means of the MTT test of cell viability. Rabbit kidney epithelial cells (RK13) exposed to the extracts for 24 and 48 hours were used as a model cell line. We observed that the acetone extract of dandelion leaves and flowers at lower concentrations caused an increase in the viability of the treated cells in comparison with the control cells which were not exposed to the extracts (P < 0.05). At the same time, we observed a significant effect of the solvent used for the preparation of the dry extracts on the viability of the cells. The residues of the extractants caused a decrease in the cell viability almost to zero, which in fact means the death of the cells. The selection of the correct extractant for the preparation of the extracts is essential regarding the use of extracts in the pharmaceutical or cosmetic industries.
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Modi, Bindu, Hari Timilsina, and Ram Chandra Basnyat. "Ethnobotanical Studies and Biological Screening of Tinospora cordifolia." Our Nature 17, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v17i1.33986.
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The aim of this study was to carry out the ethno-botanical survey to determine the importance of traditional medicinal Tinospora cordifolia plant and to evaluate phytochemical screening and anti-oxidant potential of plant extract of Tinospora cordifolia. Traditionally, it is used alone or with other medicinal plants to treat common disease such as fever, diabetics, urinary tract infection and piles problem. Phytochemical screening proved that plant extracts are the rich sources of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids etc. Antioxidant activity of these plant extracts was studied by DPPH radical scavenging assay which proved the inhibitory concentration, IC50 value of hexane and methanol extract of leaves of Tinospora cordifolia were 140 and 79.41 µg/ml and hexane and methanol extract of stem were found to be 126.52 and 76.26 µg/ml, Similarly IC50 value of methanol extract of leaves and stem from percolation method were 94.83 and 91.88 µg/ml . The IC50 value thus provided scientific information that T. cordifolia can be used as a potential candidate in different pharmaceutical purpose.
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Radojevic, Ivana, Mirjana Grujovic, Ljiljana Comic, Milan Dekic, Gorica Djelic, and Nevena Mihailovic. "The phytochemical composition and biological activities of different types of extracts of Achillea ageratifolia subsp. serbica." Botanica Serbica 45, no. 1 (2021): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/botserb2101049r.
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Achillea ageratifolia subsp. serbica is a poorly investigated endemic of the Balkan area and there are almost no data about the potential application of this plant. The purpose of this study was the investigation of the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm activity of its water, acetone, and ethyl acetate extracts. The phenolic composition and flavonoids were established using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) analysis, while the chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extracts of the aerial parts of the plant was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC and GC-MS). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, as well as the inhibition ability of biofilm formation on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 biofilms, were also investigated. The total phenolic content ranged from 18.61 mgGAE/g to 43.78 mgGAE/g of extract. The total flavonoid content ranged from 10.79 mgRUE/g to 34.02 mgRUE/g. The acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of the aerial parts contained chlorogenic acid, myricetin, apigenin, and luteolin. Analysis of the volatile specialized metabolites in the ethyl acetate extract of the aerial parts allowed for the identification of thirty-two constituents. The highest antioxidant activity was detected in the water extract of the aerial parts of the plant (IC50 = 641.06 ?g/ml) and in the ethyl acetate extract of the root (IC50 = 675.33 ?g/ml). Bacillus subtilis and S. aureus showed higher sensitivity to the tested extracts, while the antifungal activity of the marked extracts was significant. All extracts showed a moderate inhibitory effect on the ability of biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, while only the ethyl acetate inflorescence extract showed an effect on the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The tested extracts showed the potential for further investigation and possible application as biofungicides.
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Arias Echeverri, Juan Pablo, Isabel Cristina Ortega, Mariana Peñuela, and Mario Arias. "Antimicrobial activity of callus and cell suspension cultures extracts of Thevetia peruviana." Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rev.fac.cienc.v8n1.69976.
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Thevetia peruviana is an ornamental plant considered source of biologically compounds with cardiac and antimicrobial activity. These compounds are normally extracted from different parts of the fully growth plants. In this work, extracts were obtained from callus and cell suspension cultures of T. peruviana and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion tests against gram negative (Salmonella thipimurium and Escherichia coli) and gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) strains. Ethanol, methanol and hexane extracts from callus and cell suspension cultures showed biological activity. Methanolic cell suspension extract showed activity against B. cereus and S. aureus. Ethanolic cell suspension extract inhibit all the bacteria, especially S. thipimurium while hexanic extract showed resistance activity against S. thipimurium, S. aureus and B. cereus. In terms of the source of the extracts, hexane extracts obtained from cell suspension cultures showed a higher antimicrobial activity compared to callus, while ethanol extracts had an inverse behavior. These results outline in vitro cell culture of T. peruviana as a feasible biotechnological platform for the production of compounds with antimicrobial activity.
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Tirumale, Sharmila, and Nazir Wani. "BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGI USING DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF CHAETOMIUM CUPREUM." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 9 (September 7, 2018): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i9.26836.
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Objective: This study evaluated the Chaetomium cupreum extracts as biocontrol agents against four plant pathogenic fungi (Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Phomopsis azadirachtae, and Rhizoctonia solani).Method: The antifungal activity of n-butanol and ethyl acetate extracts of C. cupreum was evaluated against plant pathogenic fungi using food poison method.Result: In n-butanol extract, the percentage inhibition of mycelial growth against C. cladosporoides was 88.3±0.1, F. oxysporum was 59.4±0.2, R. solani was 56.2±0.9, and P. azadirachtae was 52.0±0.1at 0.25 mg/ml, respectively. In ethyl acetate extract, the percentage inhibition of mycelial growth against C. cladosporoides was 86.0±0.5, F. oxysporum was 66.4±0.1, P. azadirachtae was 55.2±0.9, and R. solani was 52.0±0.1 at 0.25 mg/ml, respectively.Conclusion: It was found that n-butanol extract is more effective than ethyl acetate extract of C. cupreum. Future studies will focus on the purification and characterization of compounds of C. cupreum and their biocontrol capacity with the mechanism for plant pathological applications.
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Wahab, S. I. A., A. B. Abdul, S. M. Mohan, A. S. Al-Zubairi, M. M. Elhassan, and M. Y. Ibrahim. "Biological Activities of Pereskia bleo Extracts." International Journal of Pharmacology 5, no. 1 (December 15, 2008): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2009.71.75.
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Motohashi, Noboru, Yoshiaki Shirataki, Masami Kawase, Satoru Tani, Hiroshi Sakagami, Kazue Satoh, Teruo Kurihara, et al. "Biological activity of kiwifruit peel extracts." Phytotherapy Research 15, no. 4 (June 2001): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.876.
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