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Academic literature on the topic 'Biologie de l'invasion'
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Journal articles on the topic "Biologie de l'invasion"
Sansonetti, Philippe J. "Bases moléculaires et cellulaires de l'invasion des cellules épithéliales intestinales par Shigella flexneri." Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series III - Sciences de la Vie 320, no. 9 (September 1997): 729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0764-4469(97)84821-4.
Full text"Biology of Cellular Invasiveness / La biologie de l'invasion cellulaire." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 80, no. 2 (February 1, 2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y02-901.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Biologie de l'invasion"
Perdereau, Elfie. "Biologie de l'invasion d'un termite américain en France : évolution de l'organisation sociale et conséquences sur le succès invasif." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR4024/document.
Full textThe increasing of ecological and economical problems linked to biological invasion phenomenon necessitate a better understanding of mechanisms allowing an invasive success. In social insects, studies are mainly focused on social Hymenoptera, and has demonstrated that social organization of introduced populations presented particular characters allowing their invasive success. The principal objective of my PhD is to characterize the social organization of the introduced populations in Isoptera through the study of the American termite Reticulitermes flavipes introduced in France. The overall of results reveals (i) strong variations of social organization between native and introduced populations presenting a extreme form of neoteny and a strong capacity to colonial fusion; (ii) these variations seem to have evolved after its introduction in France, and (iii) to allow the establishment and expansion of R. flavipes in France, similarly to unicoloniality and polygyny observed in the social invasive Hymenoptera. The possible evolutionary origins of the observed variations between native and introduced populations of R. flavipes are discussed
Lombaert, Eric. "Biologie évolutive d'une espèce envahissante, la coccinelle asiatique Harmonia axyridis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20248.
Full textBiological invasions are a concern because of their increase and their environmental, economic and human health consequences. To become invasive, a population must (i) be introduced, (ii) established itself and (iii) proliferates. Each of these three steps constitutes a challenge, and the processes involved are still poorly understood. This thesis describes a set of research actions which aims at understanding the worldwide successful invasion of the Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis.We first investigated the introduction step by retracing invasion routes of H. axyridis using microsatellite markers and the ABC (Approximate Bayesian Computation) method. We have shown that the oldest invasive population in the eastern North America acted as a bridgehead of the worldwide invasion by becoming the source of the European, the South American and the African outbreaks. We also found evidence for a genetic admixture event in Europe with a biological control strain.Second, we explored the establishment step. We have shown that invasive populations of H. axyridis endured a genetic purge which significantly reduced adverse effects associated with inbreeding depression. In addition, the admixture event in Europe likely brought phenotypic benefits to this invasive population.We then studied several aspects of the proliferation step. We found that European populations had evolved towards higher dispersal abilities on the invasion front. Moreover, our results show that the use of a flightless biocontrol strain which is still sold in France may have a positive impact on the expansion of the invasive population through heterosis or increased of genetic variance.Finally, we discuss the importance of studying in detail a model species such as H. axyridis to improve our general understanding of the eco-evolutionary mechanisms involved in biological invasions
Veillat, Loïs. "Approches génomiques pour la biodétection d'insectes invasifs forestiers." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ORLE1012.
Full textBiological invasions, particularly those of xylophagous insects such as cerambycids, are constantly increasing, mainly due to climate change and the intensification of trade exchanges. These insects, primarily transported through international wood trade, establish themselves in new ecosystems where they may not have natural enemies. Once established, they can cause considerable damage to forests and urban areas, thus threatening biodiversity, the economy, and the health of ecosystems. Therefore, these invasions require rigorous monitoring and management to prevent and mitigate their devastating impacts.In this context, this thesis has the following main objectives: (i) to assess the effectiveness of metabarcoding, a method that allows for the simultaneous and rapid identification of multiple insect species collected in the same trap, using the MinION sequencer from Oxford Nanopore®. This sequencer has the advantage of being portative and inexpensive, making it more accessible than competing technologies. (ii) To create a reference library of molecular barcodes for European Cerambycids to provide the scientific community with a database for reliable DNA-based identification analyses. (iii) To study the genetic structure of invasive populations of an exotic species introduced from Asia to the Mediterranean basin (Xylotrechus stebbingi) to better understand the invasion dynamics of this insect native to Asia. Regarding the first objective of this thesis, our results showed that the MinION sequencer from Oxford Nanopore® was efficient for the rapid detection and identification of invasive species, in comparison to Illumina® and IonTorrent sequencing technologies. Our results also show that the trapping method and sample preservation in the traps are essential prerequisites for the reliable detection of species present in the samples. For the second chapter, we assembled 2928 DNA barcode sequences from 147 species of cerambycids, representing over 79% of the 185 species captured in Europe using multi-pheromone traps. This new database could be used to accurately identify the contents of multi-pheromone traps deployed in Europe during barcode or metabarcoding analyses. Finally, in the third chapter of this thesis, we demonstrated that the invasion of the xylophagous Xylotrechus stebbingi in the Mediterranean basin resulted from a series of multiple introductions, probably linked to maritime trade exchanges rather than a single introduction that would have spread over time. These results imply that this highly polyphagous species has a strong invasive potential and is likely to invade new regions of the world (outside the Mediterranean basin) in the coming years through maritime transport. Consequently, it is necessary to remain vigilant in port areas to limit the spread of this insect as much as possible
Caballero, Marc. "Pseudopeptides inhibiteurs de l'invasion des erythrocytes par les merozoites de plasmodium falciparum : synthese et activite biologique." Orléans, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ORLE2042.
Full textThibaut, Thierry. "Etude fonctionnelle, contrôle et modélisation de l'invasion d'une algue introduite en Méditerranée : caulerpa taxifolia." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066376.
Full textBras, Audrey. "Indentification des facteurs sous-tendant l'invasion fulgurante d'un insecte asiatique en Europe, la pyrale du buis : approche génétique et biologique." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2034/document.
Full textSince 1990, recently established non-native insect species appear to be spreading across Europesignificantly faster than before. The box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis, is a representative of such arapid spread. First observed in 2007, it spread across Europe to Asia Minor in a decade, damaging onBuxus plants in urban areas as well as in forests. The trade of ornamental box plants between Europeand China has been hypothesized as the invasion pathway of the insect while the trade betweenEuropean countries could explain its fast expansion. The biological traits of the moth may also havefavored its spread. To understand the factors involved in both its invasion and fast expansion, we useda multidisciplinary approach. First, the invasion routes were tentatively assessed using two geneticmarkers. Then, two biological traits, flight capacities and diapause, were studied because they may havepromote its spread. The genetic analyses clearly suggest an origin from Eastern China origin but alsocomplex invasion pathways. Two independent introduction events probably happened directly fromChina followed by bridgehead effects due to ornamental plant trade. The moth flight capacities areimportant but can only explain dispersal at local scale. Moreover, diapause termination was influencedby temperature, which may lead to an adapted number of generation depending on local climate. Thesebiological traits may have favored local invasions. However, our study suggests that human-mediateddispersal played a key role in the fast expansion of C. perspectalis across Europe and Asia Minor
Genton, Benjamin. "Intérêt d'une approche évolutive pour l'étude des invasions biologiques. L'invasion d'Ambrosia artemisiifolia dans la vallée du Rhône." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001764.
Full textNawrocki, Béatrice. "Expression des metalloproteinases matricielles et de leurs inhibiteurs au cours de l'invasion cellulaire normale et pathologique chez l'homme (doctorat : genie biologique et medical)." Reims, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REIMM203.
Full textWang, Jian-Yang. "Interactions microsporidies-insectes in vivo : dissémination de Nosema bombycis (Microsporidia) dans son hôte Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera) et caractérisation de protéines structurales majeures de N. bombycis impliquées dans l'invasion." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00717814.
Full textBooks on the topic "Biologie de l'invasion"
Beauvais, Michel. Les pires cauchemars du jardinier: [l'invasion a déjà commencé]. Paris: "Rustica" éd., 2013.
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